08初中阶段语法知识基本考第八节情态动词(共23张PPT)

(共23张PPT)
第二部分 专题强化复习
初中阶段语法知识基本考点第八节 情态动词
(　　)1.— David, do you know Su Yiming, a snowboarder from China
— Sure. He won the first place in the men's Big Air Event. He ________ be hard working.(2022·泸州市中考)
A．needn't B．can't C．should D．must
(　　)2.— Alex, come down to play football.
— I can‘t. Mum said I ________ clean my bedroom before doing anything else.(2022·武汉市中考)
A．had to B．will C．used to D．can
(　　)3.— Excuse me.________ I sit here
— You'd better not.It's the man's seat.(2022·雅安市中考)
A．Must B．Need C．Could D．Should
(　　)4.— I can't find my dictionary.________ I use yours
— Sure, here you are.(2022·盘锦市中考)
A．Need B．May C．Must D．Should
中考精选
D
A
C
B
(　　)5.— Dad，must I become a doctor like you when I finish university in the future
— No，you ________.You can make your own decision and do whatever you like.(2022·朝阳市中考)
A．don't have to B．can't C．mustn't D．couldn't
(　　)6.You ________ drive without a license! (2022·贺州市中考)
A．can B．must C．mustn't D．may
(　　)7.Protect your hearing.Don't wait until you ________ hear a thing.(2022·扬州市中考)
A．needn't B．mustn't C．shouldn't D．can't
(　　)8.We should learn some basic life skills since we ________ depend on ourselves some day.(2022·无锡市中考)
A．can B．can't C．must D．mustn't
A
C
D
C
(　　)9.— Mum，I've signed for a package.What's in it
— I'm not sure.It ________ be a present from your uncle.(2022·营口市中考)
A．can't B．must C．may D．need
(　　)10.People ________ talk on a mobile phone while they are driving.(2021·天津市中考)
A．shouldn't B．needn't C．must D．can
(　　)11.We ________ see which way to go if the stars do not twinkle (闪耀) so.(2021·扬州市中考)
A．can not B．should not C．must not D．need not
(　　)12.— Could you play the piano at the age of five
— No，I ________.I started at six.(2021·常州市中考)
A．can't B．shouldn't C．needn't D．couldn't
C
A
A
D
(　　)13.— Must I finish the job this Friday
— No，you ________.You can finish it next Monday.(2021·广元市中考)
A．can't B．need C．needn't D．mustn't
(　　)14.— You ________ take photos here！Look at the sign. It says “No photos”．
— Sorry，I won't.(2021·云南省中考)
A．must B．need C．mustn't D．needn't
(　　)15.— Look！There are so many people in the restaurant.
— Yes.The food there ________ be delicious.(2021·丹东市中考)
A．shouldn't B．can't C．must D．need
(　　)16.— May I park my car here
— No，you ________.Can't you see the sign？　　(2021·大连市中考)
A．mustn't　　　 B．wouldn't　　　 C．needn't　　　 D．couldn't
C
C
C
A
(　　)17.— Must I wash my clothes at once，Mum
— No, you ________.You ________ wash them before 5:00 p.m.(2021·铜仁市中考)
A．needn't; may B．mustn't；may　　　
C．needn't; need　　　 D．mustn't; must
(　　)18.— Only ten tickets What do you mean There ________ be twelve.
— Sorry，Linda.Jacky and Tim took two tickets away.(2021·武汉市中考)
A．should B．will C．can D．may
(　　)19.— Allen，shall we go to the bookstore this afternoon
— I‘m sorry，David，but I ________ meet my cousin at the train station. (2020·青岛市中考)
A．have to　　 B．can　　　 C．may　 D．could
A
A
A
(　　)20.My classmate is jumping so far! I ________ believe my eyes.(2020·新疆中考)
A．shouldn't　　 B．needn't　　 C．mustn't　 D．can't
(　　)21.I ________ be late，so don't wait for me to start the meeting.(2020·天津市中考)
A．mustn't　　 B．needn't　　 C．need　 D．may
(　　)22.— ________ you give me a hand I can't move the box by myself.
— No problem.(2020·北京市中考)
A．Could　　 B．Should　　 C．Must　 D．Need
(　　)23.According to the rule，used batteries ________ be dropped in the red bin for harmful wastes.(2019·上海市中考)
A．must　 B．need　 C．can　 D．may
D
D
A
A
(　　)24.You ________ walk on the wet hill path because you ________ fall and hurt yourself.(2019·天津市中考)
A．must; might not B．mustn't; might
C．needn't; need D．must; must
(　　)25.As middle school students，we ________ follow the public rules wherever we go.(2019·青岛市中考)
A．would B．should C．might D．could
B
B
考题点评： 情态动词是中考重点考查对象之一。其考查重点为：
1．情态动词在一般疑问句中的问与答
情态动词 肯定回答 否定回答
must must needn't / don't have to
need must needn't /don't have to
may may / can can't / mustn't
could(委婉语气) may / can can't / mustn't
2. 情态动词表示猜测的用法
must 一定 (语气强)
may > might 可能
may not > might not 可能不
can’t 不可能 (语气强)
(mustn’t 只有禁止的意思，不能表推测)
3. will 与 shall 的用法
4. should 与 need 的用法
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
情态动词有具体的词义，但也同助动词一样，需要与其他词语一起构成句子的谓语，另外情态动词没有人称和数的变化，后面必须跟动词原形。
考点小结
一、常见的情态动词用法
1．can的用法
(1)表示能力时，与be able to同义，意为“能够，会”，但can只用于一般现在时，而could多用于一般过去时，be able to可用于各种时态。
(2)表示允许、请求时，could比can 语气更加委婉客气，常用于“Could I / you …？”句型中，若表示同意时，用can回答而不用could。
如：— Could I use your pen？　我可以用你的钢笔吗？
— Yes，you can.　可以。
(3)can't意为“不能，不会”，也可用于表示推测，意为“不可能”。
2．may的用法
(1) 表示允许、请求时用法与can相似。在回答以may开头的问句时，肯定回答一般不用may这个词，而用其他方式，如：“Yes，please.”或“Certainly.”，否定回答用can't或mustn't，不能用may not。
(2) 表示推测，意为“可能，也许”，常用于肯定句中。
3．must的用法
(1) 表示义务，意为“必须”(主观意志)；否定形式mustn't，意为“禁止，不允许”。在回答以must开头的问句时，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn't或don't have to，不能用mustn't。
如：— Must we hand in our test papers now？　　
我们必须现在交我们的测试卷吗？
— No，you needn't / don't have to.不，你们不需要。
(2) must和must be都表示揣测，意为“想必，准是，一定”，只用于肯定句中。
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4．have to的用法
have to意为“必须，不得不”，强调客观需要，即外界因素迫使某人不得不做某事。
5．need的用法
(1)用作情态动词时，没有人称、时态和数的变化，后面接动词原形，常用于疑问句及否定句中。
否定形式：needn't do sth.＝ don't / doesn't / didn't / won't＋have to do sth.
(2)用作实义动词时，有人称、时态和数的变化，后面接动词不定式，常用于疑问句、否定句和肯定句中。
肯定形式：need to do sth.
否定形式：don't / doesn't / didn't / won't＋need to do sth.
注意：need doing (＝need to be done)，意为“某事需要被做”，表示被动。
6．“had better＋动词原形”，意为“最好做……”。
“had better not＋动词原形”，意为“最好不做……”。
7．“used to＋动词原形”，意为“过去常常做……”。
“be / get used to＋动词 ing”，意为“习惯于做……”。
8．“would rather＋动词原形”，意为“宁愿做……”。
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
二、情态动词易错乱的知识点
1．can和be able to
两者表示能力时用法相同，但can只有原形“can”和过去式“could”两种形式，在其他时态中要用be able to 来表示。另外be able to 常常指经过努力，花费了时间和劳力之后才能做到某事。
2．can和may
(1)can 和 may 均可用来征求意见或许可，意为“可以”，一般可互换使用。
如：Can / May I help you？　我能帮助你吗？
(2)can 和may 表示可能性时的区别
① 在肯定句中用 might或may，不用can。
② 在疑问句中表示推测用can，不用 might、may或must。
③ 在否定句中用can't(不可能)，不用 may或 must。
如：He may be in his bedroom. 他可能在他的卧室里。
Where can the dog be now 狗现在可能在哪儿？
That can't be true. 那不可能是真的。
3．may be 和maybe
may be 中的 may为情态动词“可能”，be为动词原形，放在主语后作谓语。
maybe 是副词“大概；也许”，相当于perhaps，一般放句首或放在行为动词前，作状语。
如：He may be a policeman. 他可能是个警察。
Maybe he is a policeman. 也许他是个警察。
4．can't 和 mustn't
(1)can't 一般可译为：
① 不会。如：I can't swim.我不会游泳。
② 不能。如：We can't do that.我们不能那样做。③ 不可能(在否定句中表示推测)。如：The money can't be yours.那钱不可能是你的。
(2)mustn't 意为“禁止；不许”，用来表达命令，表示强烈的语气。
如：You mustn't smoke here.你不准在这里抽烟。
5．must 和 have to
(1)must 侧重于个人意志和主观上的必要。
have to 侧重于客观上的必要，可用于现在时、过去时和将来时。
如：We must study hard.
我们必须努力学习。
It is raining hard，so I have to stay at home.
天下着大雨，我不得不待在家里。
(2)have to可以用于多种时态；而must只用于一般现在时或一般将来时。
6．used to do，be used to doing，be used to do和be used for doing
used to do 表示过去常常发生的动作，强调过去，只用于过去时。
be used to doing 意为“习惯做……”，be 可以有各种时态。
be used to do 意为“……被用来做……”，为被动语态形式。
be used for doing 意为“被用作 / 来做……”，为被动语态形式。
如：Her father used to work abroad.
她父亲过去在国外工作。
She is used to getting up early.
她习惯早起。
He wasn't used to eating in the restaurant.
他不习惯在饭店吃饭。
A knife is used for cutting things.
＝A knife is used to cut things. 刀用来切东西。
(　　)1.— It is said that your father will come to see you.Is it true
— He ________，but he isn't very sure yet.
A．must B．can C．has to D．may
(　　)2.— I don't mind lending my bike to you.
— You ________.I've already borrowed one.
A．needn't B．can't C．mustn't D．shouldn't
(　　)3.— Good morning，sir.You ________ be Tom's father.Is it right
— Yes，I called you just now，Miss Wu.I want to talk with you about my son.
A．will B．must C．can D．might
(　　)4.In order to speak English better，we ________ be afraid of losing face.
A．should B．shouldn't C．have to D．ought to
D
A
B
B
考点精练
(　　)5.________ you wait a few more minutes It'll be your turn soon.
A．Must B．Should C．Could D．Might
(　　)6.At present，many old people ________ live in the countryside because there is more pollution in the city.
A．would rather B．had better to C．must D．need
(　　)7.She ________ run in the morning，but now she ________ going for a walk in the evening.
A．is used to；used to B．used to；is used to
C．used to；used to D．is used to；was used to
(　　)8.— Will you spend with me for some more days
— Sorry，I ________.I will go to Beijing on business soon.
A．mustn't B．may not C．can't D．wouldn't
(　　)9.You ________ wear sports shoes when you have a PE lesson.
A．can't B．shouldn't C．mustn't D．have to
C
A
B
C
D
(　　)10.— Mum，must I go to the supermarket with Dad
— No，you ________.If you don't want to go there，you ________ stay at home with me.
A．mustn't；must B．needn't；can
C．can't；can D．shouldn't；have to
(　　)11.This book ________ Jim's.It has Mike's name on it.
A．might be B．may he C．can't be D．must be
(　　)12.— You ________ come to the hospital to see me.I'm much better now.
— OK，take care of yourself.
A．don't need B．need not to C．needn't D．not need
(　　)13.The students have to wear school uniforms at school，but they ________ wear them after school.
A．could B．don't have to C．might D．shouldn't
B
C
C
B
(　　)14.Your grandfather is ill and has just fallen asleep.You ________ wake him up.
A．had better B．ought to not
C．had better not D．had no better
(　　)15.Carol，you ________ drink so much coffee.It is bad for your health.
A．shouldn't to B．had better not to
C．ought to not D．ought not to
C
D
谢 谢 观 看