宁德市博雅培文学校高中部5月月考高二英语试题卷
(考试形式：闭卷 满分：150分 时间：120分钟)
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Welcome to the world-famous house where William Shakespeare was born in l564 and where he grew up. The property (房产) remained in the ownership of Shakespeare’s family until 1806. The House has welcomed visitors traveling from all over the world, for over 250 years.
◆Enter through the Visitors’ Centre and see the highly-praised exhibition Shakespeare’s World, a lively and full introduction to the life and work of Shakespeare.
◆Stand in the rooms where Shakespeare grew up.
◆Discover examples of furniture and needlework from Shakespeare’s period.
◆Enjoy the traditional English garden, planted with trees and flower mentioned in the poet’s works.
OPENING TIMES
20 Mar to 19 Oct
Mon to Sat: 8:30 am to 5:00 pm
Sun: 9:00 am to 5:00 pm
20 Oct to 19 Mar
Mon to Sat: 9:30 am to 4:00 pm
Sun: 10:00 am to 4:00 pm
The Birthplace is within easy walking distance of all the car parks shown on the map; nearest is Windsor Street (3 minutes’ Walk).
The House may present difficulties but the Visitors’ Centre, its exhibition, and the garden are accessible to wheelchair users.
The Shakespeare Coffee House (opposite the Birthplace)
ADMISSION Adult ￡4.90 Child ￡2.20 Family ￡12.00 (2 adults + up to 3 children)
21. How much is the admission for a family of two grown-ups and one child
A. ￡9.80. B. ￡12.00. C. ￡14.20. D. ￡16.90.
22. When does the House start to receive visitors on Sunday in December
A. 8:30 am. B. 9:00 am. C. 9:30 am. D. 10:00 am.
23. Where is the nearest parking place to Shakespeare’ s Birthplace
A. At Windsor Street. B. Near the Coffee House.
C. Behind the exhibition hall. D. Opposite the Visiturs’ Centre.
B
My husband Robert and I had volunteered to help build an irrigation (灌溉) system for bananas in Zambia. The Heart of Africa Mission is run by local Zambians, with a focus on community development. We were there to share our agricultural (农业的) experience and knowledge with the African farmers.
We left snow-covered Alberta, Canada in January. We spent the next four weeks working side by side with the local Zambians in a banana plantation (种植园). The banana plantation would help make the Heart of Africa Mission self-supporting. It would also teach banana farming to the students there. Students would go on to teach others. It has done that and more. Through the jobs created, several families now have food, education for their children, and enough housing. The plantation is producing well and is a source of great pride for all who work there.
My husband worked hard at building the irrigation system. But the story he tells most often is of the young man who stopped us on one of our walks somewhere. He pointed to his bike, and laughing widely, told Robert, “Look, look, it still works.” Robert had repaired it for him. A bike in Zambia is like a truck in North America—necessary transportation for people and produce. Robert’s small effort made a big difference in this man’s life.
“We sure appreciate (感激) your sacrifice (牺牲),” our organizer often says. For us it was never a sacrifice, only an honor to have the chance to work in a place so far from our own, to be able to exchange ideas and thoughts. All this happened while living in a beautiful sunny country in the green of the rainy season, while at home in Alberta, the snow would cover the landscape (风景) for months. No, the volunteer work was never a sacrifice. It was only an honor.
24. What can we learn about the author from the first paragraph
A She likes to take adventures. B. She is probably an expert in agriculture.
C. She started the Heart of Africa Mission. D. She used to live in Africa for a long time.
25. Which of the following best describes the author’s volunteer job
A. Costly. B. Tiring. C. Challenging. D. Fruitful.
26. Why did the young man stop the author and her husband
A. To ask for help. B. To express his thanks.
C. To show his cycling skills. D. To tell them about his work.
27. Why did the author consider the volunteer work an honor
A. It enabled her to work harder. B. It brought her public recognition.
C. It made her appreciate her life more. D. It allowed her to experience different things.
C
More than half of the world’s population are city residents, and, by 2050, the United Nations predicts that seven in ten people will be. Architects are having to consider how architecture influences our emotional well-being in urban settings.
According to Colin Ellard, a research psychologist at Waterloo University, Canada, there is a lot of evidence which shows “the profound impact that the design of buildings has on how we feel, how we treat one another, and our overall psychological well-being”. A study from the University of Heidelberg concluded that people raised in the countryside are less likely to have mental disorders than those raised in the city. The city of Vancouver in Canada, which is surrounded by mountains and ocean, recognises the need to connect with nature. It has included protecting ocean and mountain views in its urban planning guidelines. For example, tall buildings are set up in strategic locations that don’t block scenic views for downtown residents.
The British designer Thomas Heatherwick wants to make architecture less soulless and boring. He told The Guardian, “We need to fearlessly demand interestingness and make buildings that enrich our senses.” He has listed seven characteristics of a boring building. These include being too flat and straight. He says lack of depth means light and shadow cannot play on surfaces, while straight lines are at odds with nature and make buildings dull.
However, making buildings interesting is not always easy, as architect Rafael Vinoly found out in 2013 when he created the 37-store y skyscraper in London. The building was admired for its curved exterior walls covered in reflective glass. However, it acted like a magnifying glass and reflected light which melted nearby cars and almost set fire to a carpet. A screen had to be added to prevent the building causing further damage.
So, for your own well-being, surround yourself with buildings that bring you joy, and ideally a view of nature.
28. Why are tall buildings located in certain places in Vancouver
A. To protect people’s mental health. B. To follow the tradition of the city.
C. To caution people against disorder. D. To reveal the prosperity of the area.
29. Which kind of building is Thomas’ preference
A. One with straight lines. B. One having flat surfaces.
C. One having a security system. D. One with innovative patterns.
30. What did Rafael Vinoly fail to consider in his design
A. Boldness. B. Creativity. C. Practicality. D. Flexibility.
31. What is the purpose of the passage
A. To call on people to live in big cities.
B. To compare buildings in different cities.
C. To stress the importance of healthy emotion.
D. To convince people of emotional impact by buildings.
D
While some allergies (过敏症) disappear over time or with treatment, others last a lifetime. For decades, scientists have been searching for the source of these lifetime allergies.
Recently, researchers found that memory B cells may be involved. These cells produce a different class of antibodies known as IgG, which ward off viral infections. But no one had identified exactly which of those cells were recalling allergens or how they switched to making the IgE antibodies responsible for allergies. To uncover the mysterious cells, two research teams took a deep dive into the immune (免疫的) cells of people with allergies and some without.
Immunologist Joshua Koenig and colleagues examined more than 90, 000 memory B cells from six people with birch allergies, four people allergic to dust mites and five people with no allergies. Using a technique called RNA sequencing, the team identified specific memory B cells, which they named MBC2s that make antibodies and proteins associated with the immune response that causes allergies.
In another experiment, Koenig and colleagues used a peanut protein to go fishing for memory B cells from people with peanut allergies. The team pulled out the same type of cells found in people with birch and dust mite allergies. In people with peanut allergies, those cells increased in number and produced IgE antibodies as the people started treatment to desensitize them to peanut allergens.
Another group led by Maria Curotto de Lafaille, an immunologist at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York City, also found that similar cells were more plentiful in 58 children allergic to peanuts than in 13 kids without allergies. The team found that the cells are ready to switch from making protective IgG antibodies to allergy-causing IgE antibodies. Even before the switch, the cells were making RNA for IgE but didn’t produce the protein. Making that RNA enables the cells to switch the type of antibodies they make when they encounter allergens. The signal to switch partially depends on a protein called JAK, the group discovered. “Stopping JAK from sending the signal could help prevent the memory cells from switching to IgE production,” Lafaille says. She also predicts that allergists may be able to examine aspects of these memory cells to forecast whether a patient's allergy is likely to last or disappear with time or treatment.
“Knowing which population of cells store allergies in long-term memory may eventually help scientists identify other ways to kill the allergy cells,” says Cecilia Berin, an immunologist at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine. “You could potentially get rid of not only your peanut allergy but also all of your allergies.”
32. Why did scientists investigate the immune cells of individuals with and without allergies
A. To explore the distinctions between IgG and IgE.
B. To uncover new antibodies known as IgG and IgE.
C. To identify cells responsible for defending against allergies.
D. To reveal cells associated with the development of allergies.
33. What does the word “desensitize” underlined in Paragraph 4 most probably mean
A. Make. . . less destructive. B. Make. . . less responsive.
C. Make. . . less protective. D. Make. . . less effective.
34. What can we learn from the two research teams’ work
A. MBC2s make antibodies and proteins that prevent allergies.
B. Memory B cells generate both RNA for IgE and the corresponding protein.
C. JAK plays a role in controlling antibody production when exposed to allergens.
D. Allergists are capable of predicting whether an allergy will last or disappear.
35. Which could be the best title for the passage
A. RNA Sequencing Is Applied in Immunology Research
B Specific Cells Related to Peanut Allergies Are Identified
C. Unmasking Cells’ Identities Helps Diagnose and Treat Allergies
D. Newfound Immune Cells Are Responsible for Long-lasting Allergies
第二节(共5小题:每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The holidays can be a difficult time to stay on track with your fitness goals. ____36____. Even the most disciplined people can find it difficult to stick to their fitness routines during the holiday season. Here are some expert-recommended tips that can help you stay on track.
____37____.
Planning is the best way to make sure you don’t lose track of your goals. Plan your workouts for the week and mark them in your schedule to assure they are a part of your day.
Exercise early.
____38____. Make sure workouts are in the morning and you’ll set yourself up for a productive day. Then you can enjoy holiday activities and time with family without worrying about when you’ll have time to exercise.
Keep moving.
Research shows that getting up for just five minutes every 30 to 60 minutes and performing light activities reduces the risk of heart disease risk factors. Small efforts to get moving can help your overall health during the holidays. In addition to staying active, try to avoid sitting for long periods of time, such as when watching football games or eating. ____39____.
Think out of the box.
The holidays are busy, but do your best to avoid the “all or nothing” mentality when it comes to physical activity. ____40____ — like taking a family walk around the neighborhood before opening Christmas presents.
A. Plan ahead
B. Plan out your route before you go
C. Exercising in the morning is one of the biggest tips
D. Remember: too much sitting is harmful to your health
E. Your schedule will be filled with family gatherings and celebrations
F. Get creative with exercise and make physical activity a family affair
G. Rather than skipping the gym altogether, make time for a quick workout
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I suggested my 13-year-old try tennis, she quickly shot me down. “I’m not ____41____ , so stop trying to get me to do sports,” Julianna said. I suggested it because some of my recent happiest memories were of playing ping-pong with her. Tennis seemed like a natural progression from ping-pong and a great way to ____42____ some of her growing teen worries on a larger playing field. But my suggestion was always met with ____43____.
Still, I was undiscouraged. I was convinced that ____44____ some physical energy would help Julianna. I’ve seen how sports help deal with stress. It ____45____ for me when I was a teenage girl.
Midway through summer, we stayed at home one afternoon, really bored. “Do you want to play tennis ” I asked. “Sure,” she said. Arriving at the ____46____ , we set down our bags, picked up our rackets (球拍), and ____47____ towards our sides of the court. The net felt like the visual representation of a growing ____48____ between us — I desiring a connection and my teenage daughter longing for independence.
I started by hitting a ball over the net, and Julianna took a big swing and ____49____ . We repeated this several more times. I resisted the ____50____ to tell her she was ____51____ the racket too close to the neck or to step more into her forehand. We just repeated the ____52____ of me hitting the ball and her missing it a few times before she finally got it back over the net. “This is fun,” she said with a mixture of surprise and joy and then she smiled ____53____ .
Now we always find time to play tennis. We’re both eager for an activity that can ____54____ tensions between us in daily life. It’s nice to have a place where both of us can release our ____55____ feelings and let them go.
41. A. mindful B. incredible C. sporty D. refreshed
42. A. knock out B. work out C. figure out D. leave out
43. A. agreement B. insight C. resistance D. isolation
44. A. releasing B. identifying C. reproducing D. nurturing
45. A. emerged B. shone C. interfered D. worked
46. A. parking B. court C. source D. milestone
47. A. dragged B. turned C. inched D. headed
48. A. divide B. hate C. affection D. objective
49. A. acquired B. fell C. missed D. grabbed
50. A. imagination B. alternative C. urge D. appeal
51. A. holding B. scratching C. removing D. charging
52. A. illustration B. pattern C. measurement D. frequency
53. A. desperately B. disappointedly C. specifically D. widely
54. A. fuel B. target C. transmit D. ease
55. A. relevant B. negative C. prospective D. personalized
第二节(共10小题:每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
BYD, or Biyadi, is a leading Chinese automotive company that specializes in new energy vehicles, including electric cars and buses. ___56___(establish) in Shenzhen in 2003 by Wang Chuanfu, ___57___expert in battery technology, BYD initially made its mark in the battery industry. The company’s name, meaning ‘Build Your Dreams’, reflects___58___(it) ambitious vision.
BYD ___59___(focus) on developing electric and hybrid vehicles from the very beginning, taking advantage of its excellent battery technology. BYD’s commitment to innovation has led to the production of several ___60___(true) successful models, such as the F3DM, the world’s first mass-produced plug-in hybrid car, and the E6, an electric crossover.
Over the years, BYD has expanded its reach globally, selling vehicles in numerous countries and establishing research and ___61___(produce) facilities internationally. The company has also diversified into other areas, including solar energy and LED technology, reflecting its broader commitment to ___62___(sustain) development.
BYD has been at the forefront of the electric vehicle revolution, investing heavily in research and development. Its innovative Blade Battery technology, introduced in 2020, aims to enhance the safety and performance of EV batteries, ___63___ so far has still been a major concern for the market.
Today, BYD continues to grow, driven by its mission to create a ___64___(green) future. With a diverse range of products and a strong _____65_____ (present) in both domestic and international markets, BYD is a symbol of China’s rise as a major player in the global automotive industry.
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假如你是学校English Club的 Director李华，请你用英语给你校新来的外教Smith先生写封信，帮助他快速适应中国的新生活。主要内容包括：
1. 在中国生活的一些注意事项；2. 能让他更加享受中国生活的建议。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mr. Smith
I am writing to you representing the English Club.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Warm regards,
Li Hua
(English Club Director)
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My legs and arms were shaking. Sweat was tripping down my face. Every step felt like thousands of needles were sinking into my legs. I couldn’t take it. By that time I had got three blisters (水泡) on each foot. It felt like I was in Sahara!
It was discovery week. Grade eight was visiting Altai for a week. We lived in camps near the river. Now we were going up the mountain called The Devil’s Finger. But the mountain was only getting steeper (陡的). Most of the people were already on the top, screaming, laughing and taking selfies. Then I realized I had left my hat on the bus and I felt even worse. I touched my head. It was warm, but I couldn’t do anything about it.
Most of my friends were up the hill cheering me on. “Pointless!” I told them. “I can’t go any faster!” They looked at me and laughed. “They have got to be kidding me! Are they doing it on purpose ”
I was making my way slowly up the mountain. My feet stepped on something. I thought it was a rock, but whatever. The rock slipped from under my boot and went tumbling down the mountain. I lost my balance and fell on the ground. “Are you OK ” I heard a voice behind me. “Just tired. I’m taking a break.” I didn’t want to say that I fell.
There were only eight people behind me by that time. I decided to speed up because I didn’t want to be the last one up. I looked up. Yana was already on the top, waving to me. “It’s like she isn’t tired at all,” I thought to myself. The sun was behind her so I could barely see her face. Actually, no. I could see a huge smile on her face. She was shouting something, but I couldn’t hear it. I decided that the rest of the way up I would not stop to take any breaks.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
However, my body wasn’t listening and I sunk to the ground again.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Finally, I reached the top of the mountain.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________宁德市博雅培文学校高中部5月月考高二英语试题卷
(考试形式：闭卷 满分：150分 时间：120分钟)
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Welcome to the world-famous house where William Shakespeare was born in l564 and where he grew up. The property (房产) remained in the ownership of Shakespeare’s family until 1806. The House has welcomed visitors traveling from all over the world, for over 250 years.
◆Enter through the Visitors’ Centre and see the highly-praised exhibition Shakespeare’s World, a lively and full introduction to the life and work of Shakespeare.
◆Stand in the rooms where Shakespeare grew up.
◆Discover examples of furniture and needlework from Shakespeare’s period.
◆Enjoy the traditional English garden, planted with trees and flower mentioned in the poet’s works.
OPENING TIMES
20 Mar to 19 Oct
Mon to Sat: 8:30 am to 5:00 pm
Sun: 9:00 am to 5:00 pm
20 Oct to 19 Mar
Mon to Sat: 9:30 am to 4:00 pm
Sun: 10:00 am to 4:00 pm
The Birthplace is within easy walking distance of all the car parks shown on the map; nearest is Windsor Street (3 minutes’ Walk).
The House may present difficulties but the Visitors’ Centre, its exhibition, and the garden are accessible to wheelchair users.
The Shakespeare Coffee House (opposite the Birthplace)
ADMISSION Adult ￡4.90 Child ￡2.20 Family ￡12.00 (2 adults + up to 3 children)
21. How much is the admission for a family of two grown-ups and one child
A. ￡9.80. B. ￡12.00. C. ￡14.20. D. ￡16.90.
22. When does the House start to receive visitors on Sunday in December
A. 8:30 am. B. 9:00 am. C. 9:30 am. D. 10:00 am.
23. Where is the nearest parking place to Shakespeare’ s Birthplace
A. At Windsor Street. B. Near the Coffee House.
C. Behind the exhibition hall. D. Opposite the Visiturs’ Centre.
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了威廉·莎士比亚的出生地和成长家庭以及相关展览和花园的开放时间和门票价格，同时提供了最近的停车场和无障碍设施。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据ADMISSION部分中“Family ￡12.00(家庭票：12英镑)”可知，两个大人一个孩子的家庭门票12.00英镑。故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据20 Oct to 19 Mar部分中“Sun: 10:00 am to 4:00 pm (星期日:上午十时至下午四时)”可知，12月的周日，白宫上午10点开始接待访客。故选D。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“The Birthplace is within easy walking distance of all the car parks shown on the map; nearest is Windsor Street (3 minutes’ Walk).(出生地在地图上显示的所有停车场的步行距离内：最近的是温莎街（步行3分钟）)”可知，离莎士比亚出生地最近的停车场在温莎街。故选A。
B
My husband Robert and I had volunteered to help build an irrigation (灌溉) system for bananas in Zambia. The Heart of Africa Mission is run by local Zambians, with a focus on community development. We were there to share our agricultural (农业的) experience and knowledge with the African farmers.
We left snow-covered Alberta, Canada in January. We spent the next four weeks working side by side with the local Zambians in a banana plantation (种植园). The banana plantation would help make the Heart of Africa Mission self-supporting. It would also teach banana farming to the students there. Students would go on to teach others. It has done that and more. Through the jobs created, several families now have food, education for their children, and enough housing. The plantation is producing well and is a source of great pride for all who work there.
My husband worked hard at building the irrigation system. But the story he tells most often is of the young man who stopped us on one of our walks somewhere. He pointed to his bike, and laughing widely, told Robert, “Look, look, it still works.” Robert had repaired it for him. A bike in Zambia is like a truck in North America—necessary transportation for people and produce. Robert’s small effort made a big difference in this man’s life.
“We sure appreciate (感激) your sacrifice (牺牲),” our organizer often says. For us it was never a sacrifice, only an honor to have the chance to work in a place so far from our own, to be able to exchange ideas and thoughts. All this happened while living in a beautiful sunny country in the green of the rainy season, while at home in Alberta, the snow would cover the landscape (风景) for months. No, the volunteer work was never a sacrifice. It was only an honor.
24. What can we learn about the author from the first paragraph
A. She likes to take adventures. B. She is probably an expert in agriculture.
C. She started the Heart of Africa Mission. D. She used to live in Africa for a long time.
25. Which of the following best describes the author’s volunteer job
A. Costly. B. Tiring. C. Challenging. D. Fruitful.
26. Why did the young man stop the author and her husband
A. To ask for help. B. To express his thanks.
C. To show his cycling skills. D. To tell them about his work.
27. Why did the author consider the volunteer work an honor
A. It enabled her to work harder. B. It brought her public recognition.
C. It made her appreciate her life more. D. It allowed her to experience different things.
【答案】24. B 25. D 26. B 27. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和丈夫曾经远离家乡，自愿来到赞比亚帮助建立一个香蕉灌溉系统，在那里与非洲农民分享他们的农业知识和经验，得到了当地人民的感激，而他们自己也为此感到光荣。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“My husband Robert and I had volunteered to help build an irrigation (灌溉) system for bananas in Zambia. ”（我和丈夫罗伯特自愿帮助赞比亚建立一个香蕉灌溉系统。）和“We were there to share our agricultural (农业的) experience and knowledge with the African farmers.”（我们在那里与非洲农民分享我们的农业经验和知识。）可知，作者在农业方面给了赞比亚极大的帮助，很可能是一名农业方面的专家。故选B。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Through the jobs created, several families now have food, education for their children, and enough housing.”（通过创造就业机会，一些家庭现在有了食物，孩子有了教育，有了足够的住房。）可知，作者的志愿者工作富有成效，为当地人带来了很大的收获。故选D。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“He pointed to his bike, and laughing widely, told Robert, “Look, look, it still works.” Robert had repaired it for him.”（他指着他的自行车，大笑着对罗伯特说：“看，看，它还能用。”罗伯特已经替他修好了。）和“Robert’s small effort made a big difference in this man’s life.”（罗伯特的小小努力给这个人的生活带来了巨大的改变。）可知，罗伯特为这个年轻人修好了自行车，给他的生活带来了巨大的改变，他是为了感谢作者夫妇才拦住他们的。故选B。
27题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“For us it was never a sacrifice, only an honor to have the chance to work in a place so far from our own, to be able to exchange ideas and thoughts.”（对我们来说，这从来不是一种牺牲，而是一种荣誉，有机会在一个远离家乡的地方工作，能够交流思想和想法。）可知，作者认为这份志愿者工作能够在远离家乡的地方工作，让她有不同的经历和体验，了解不同的思想和想法，所以是一种荣誉。故选D。
C
More than half of the world’s population are city residents, and, by 2050, the United Nations predicts that seven in ten people will be. Architects are having to consider how architecture influences our emotional well-being in urban settings.
According to Colin Ellard, a research psychologist at Waterloo University, Canada, there is a lot of evidence which shows “the profound impact that the design of buildings has on how we feel, how we treat one another, and our overall psychological well-being”. A study from the University of Heidelberg concluded that people raised in the countryside are less likely to have mental disorders than those raised in the city. The city of Vancouver in Canada, which is surrounded by mountains and ocean, recognises the need to connect with nature. It has included protecting ocean and mountain views in its urban planning guidelines. For example, tall buildings are set up in strategic locations that don’t block scenic views for downtown residents.
The British designer Thomas Heatherwick wants to make architecture less soulless and boring. He told The Guardian, “We need to fearlessly demand interestingness and make buildings that enrich our senses.” He has listed seven characteristics of a boring building. These include being too flat and straight. He says lack of depth means light and shadow cannot play on surfaces, while straight lines are at odds with nature and make buildings dull.
However, making buildings interesting is not always easy, as architect Rafael Vinoly found out in 2013 when he created the 37-store y skyscraper in London. The building was admired for its curved exterior walls covered in reflective glass. However, it acted like a magnifying glass and reflected light which melted nearby cars and almost set fire to a carpet. A screen had to be added to prevent the building causing further damage.
So, for your own well-being, surround yourself with buildings that bring you joy, and ideally a view of nature.
28. Why are tall buildings located in certain places in Vancouver
A. To protect people’s mental health. B. To follow the tradition of the city.
C. To caution people against disorder. D. To reveal the prosperity of the area.
29. Which kind of building is Thomas’ preference
A. One with straight lines. B. One having flat surfaces.
C. One having a security system. D. One with innovative patterns.
30. What did Rafael Vinoly fail to consider in his design
A. Boldness. B. Creativity. C. Practicality. D. Flexibility.
31. What is the purpose of the passage
A. To call on people to live in big cities.
B. To compare buildings in different cities.
C. To stress the importance of healthy emotion.
D. To convince people of emotional impact by buildings.
【答案】28. A 29. D 30. C 31. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要围绕建筑物对人们情感健康的影响进行阐述，通过引用研究结果和具体案例来支持观点，并提出了一些建筑设计的原则和建议。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“According to Colin Ellard, a research psychologist at Waterloo University, Canada, there is a lot of evidence which shows “the profound impact that the design of buildings has on how we feel, how we treat one another, and our overall psychological well-being”. A study from the University of Heidelberg concluded that people raised in the countryside are less likely to have mental disorders than those raised in the city. The city of Vancouver in Canada, which is surrounded by mountains and ocean, recognises the need to connect with nature. It has included protecting ocean and mountain views in its urban planning guidelines. For example, tall buildings are set up in strategic locations that don’t block scenic views for downtown residents.(加拿大滑铁卢大学的研究心理学家科林·埃拉德(Colin Ellard)表示，有大量证据表明，“建筑的设计对我们的感受、对待他人的方式以及我们的整体心理健康都有深远的影响”。海德堡大学的一项研究得出结论，在农村长大的人比在城市长大的人患精神障碍的可能性要小。加拿大的温哥华市四面环山和海洋，认识到与自然联系的必要性。它已将保护海洋和山景纳入其城市规划指南。例如，高层建筑建在不妨碍市中心居民欣赏风景的战略位置)”可知，温哥华的高楼大厦位于确定的位置是为了保护人们的心理健康。故选A项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“The British designer Thomas Heatherwick wants to make architecture less soulless and boring. He told The Guardian, “We need to fearlessly demand interestingness and make buildings that enrich our senses.” He has listed seven characteristics of a boring building. These include being too flat and straight. He says lack of depth means light and shadow cannot play on surfaces, while straight lines are at odds with nature and make buildings dull.(英国设计师Thomas Heatherwick想让建筑不那么没有灵魂和无聊。他在接受《卫报》采访时表示：“我们需要无畏地要求趣味性，让建筑丰富我们的感官。”他列出了无趣建筑的七个特征。包括太平太直。他说，缺乏深度意味着光线和阴影无法在表面上发挥作用，而直线与自然格格不入，使建筑物变得沉闷)”可知，托马斯喜欢有趣和有灵魂的建筑，也就是有创新的。故选D项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“However, making buildings interesting is not always easy, as architect Rafael Vinoly found out in 2013 when he created the 37-store y skyscraper in London. The building was admired for its curved exterior walls covered in reflective glass. However, it acted like a magnifying glass and reflected light which melted nearby cars and almost set fire to a carpet. A screen had to be added to prevent the building causing further damage.(然而，让建筑变得有趣并不总是那么容易，正如建筑师拉斐尔·维诺里(Rafael Vinoly)在2013年在伦敦设计了这座拥有37家商店的摩天大楼时发现的那样。这座建筑因其覆盖着反光玻璃的弯曲外墙而受到赞赏。然而，它的作用就像一个放大镜，反射的光融化了附近的汽车，几乎点燃了地毯。为了防止建筑物造成进一步的破坏，必须加一块屏风)”可知，建筑师Rafael Vinoly在设计37层高的摩天大楼时没有考虑到实用性，导致建筑物反射光线像放大镜一样，融化了附近的汽车并差点引起火灾。故选C项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“More than half the world’s population are city residents, and, by 2050, the United Nations predicts that seven in ten people will be. Architects are having to consider how architecture influences our emotional well-being in urban settings.(世界上一半以上的人口是城市居民，联合国预测，到2050年，每十个人中将有七个人是城市居民。建筑师们不得不考虑建筑如何在城市环境中影响我们的情感健康)”以及最后一段“So, for your own well-being, surround yourself with buildings that bring you joy, and ideally a view of nature.(所以，为了你自己的幸福，让你周围的建筑能给你带来快乐，最好是能看到大自然)”可知，文章第一段明确指出，建筑师们需要考虑建筑在城市环境中对我们的情感健康产生的影响，而文章最后一段也强调要让自己生活在能带来快乐的建筑物中。因此，本文的目的是要说服人们认识到建筑物对我们的情感健康产生的影响。故选D项。
D
While some allergies (过敏症) disappear over time or with treatment, others last a lifetime. For decades, scientists have been searching for the source of these lifetime allergies.
Recently, researchers found that memory B cells may be involved. These cells produce a different class of antibodies known as IgG, which ward off viral infections. But no one had identified exactly which of those cells were recalling allergens or how they switched to making the IgE antibodies responsible for allergies. To uncover the mysterious cells, two research teams took a deep dive into the immune (免疫的) cells of people with allergies and some without.
Immunologist Joshua Koenig and colleagues examined more than 90, 000 memory B cells from six people with birch allergies, four people allergic to dust mites and five people with no allergies. Using a technique called RNA sequencing, the team identified specific memory B cells, which they named MBC2s that make antibodies and proteins associated with the immune response that causes allergies.
In another experiment, Koenig and colleagues used a peanut protein to go fishing for memory B cells from people with peanut allergies. The team pulled out the same type of cells found in people with birch and dust mite allergies. In people with peanut allergies, those cells increased in number and produced IgE antibodies as the people started treatment to desensitize them to peanut allergens.
Another group led by Maria Curotto de Lafaille, an immunologist at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York City, also found that similar cells were more plentiful in 58 children allergic to peanuts than in 13 kids without allergies. The team found that the cells are ready to switch from making protective IgG antibodies to allergy-causing IgE antibodies. Even before the switch, the cells were making RNA for IgE but didn’t produce the protein. Making that RNA enables the cells to switch the type of antibodies they make when they encounter allergens. The signal to switch partially depends on a protein called JAK, the group discovered. “Stopping JAK from sending the signal could help prevent the memory cells from switching to IgE production,” Lafaille says. She also predicts that allergists may be able to examine aspects of these memory cells to forecast whether a patient's allergy is likely to last or disappear with time or treatment.
“Knowing which population of cells store allergies in long-term memory may eventually help scientists identify other ways to kill the allergy cells,” says Cecilia Berin, an immunologist at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine. “You could potentially get rid of not only your peanut allergy but also all of your allergies.”
32. Why did scientists investigate the immune cells of individuals with and without allergies
A. To explore the distinctions between IgG and IgE.
B. To uncover new antibodies known as IgG and IgE.
C. To identify cells responsible for defending against allergies.
D. To reveal cells associated with the development of allergies.
33 What does the word “desensitize” underlined in Paragraph 4 most probably mean
A. Make. . . less destructive. B. Make. . . less responsive.
C. Make. . . less protective. D. Make. . . less effective.
34. What can we learn from the two research teams’ work
A. MBC2s make antibodies and proteins that prevent allergies.
B. Memory B cells generate both RNA for IgE and the corresponding protein.
C. JAK plays a role in controlling antibody production when exposed to allergens.
D. Allergists are capable of predicting whether an allergy will last or disappear.
35. Which could be the best title for the passage
A. RNA Sequencing Is Applied in Immunology Research
B. Specific Cells Related to Peanut Allergies Are Identified
C. Unmasking Cells’ Identities Helps Diagnose and Treat Allergies
D. Newfound Immune Cells Are Responsible for Long-lasting Allergies
【答案】32. D 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，本文主要讲述两个研究小组为了揭示与发生过敏有关的细胞进行研究，最终确定了特定的记忆B细胞。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“But no one had identified exactly which of those cells were recalling allergens or how they switched to making the IgE antibodies responsible for allergies. To uncover the mysterious cells, two research teams took a deep dive into the immune (免疫的) cells of people with allergies and some without.(但是没有人确切地确定哪些细胞会召回过敏原，或者它们是如何转变为产生导致过敏的IgE抗体的。为了揭开这些神秘的细胞，两个研究小组深入研究了过敏人群和非过敏人群的免疫细胞)”可知，科学家研究过敏和没有过敏的个体的免疫细胞是为了揭示与发生过敏有关的细胞，故选D。
【33题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Using a technique called RNA sequencing, the team identified specific memory B cells, which they named MBC2s that make antibodies and proteins associated with the immune response that causes allergies.(利用一种名为RNA测序的技术，研究小组确定了特定的记忆B细胞，他们将其命名为MBC2s，这些细胞产生与导致过敏的免疫反应相关的抗体和蛋白质)”可知，记忆B细胞会产生与导致过敏的免疫反应相关的抗体和蛋白质，结合划线词前“those cells increased in number and produced IgE antibodies(这些细胞的数量增加并产生IgE抗体)”可知，记忆B细胞数量增加并产生抗体，说明不再过敏，desensitize意为“使……不再过敏”符合题意，故选B。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“The team found that the cells are ready to switch from making protective IgG antibodies to allergy-causing IgE antibodies. Even before the switch, the cells were making RNA for IgE but didn’t produce the protein. Making that RNA enables the cells to switch the type of antibodies they make when they encounter allergens. The signal to switch partially depends on a protein called JAK, the group discovered.(研究小组发现，这些细胞已经准备好从产生保护性的IgG抗体转变为引起过敏的IgE抗体。即使在转换之前，细胞也在为IgE制造RNA，但不产生蛋白质。小组发现，制造这种RNA可以使细胞在遇到过敏原时转换抗体的类型。转换信号部分取决于一种叫做JAK的蛋白质)”可知，当暴露于过敏原时，JAK在控制抗体产生中起作用，故选C。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“For decades, scientists have been searching for the source of these lifetime allergies.(几十年来，科学家们一直在寻找这些终生过敏的来源)”以及第二段中“Recently, researchers found that memory B cells may be involved.(最近，研究人员发现记忆B细胞可能参与其中)”可知，本文主要讲述两个研究小组为了揭示与发生过敏有关的细胞进行研究，最终确定了特定的记忆B细胞，D项“新发现的免疫细胞是造成长期过敏的原因”为最佳标题，故选D。
第二节(共5小题:每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The holidays can be a difficult time to stay on track with your fitness goals. ____36____. Even the most disciplined people can find it difficult to stick to their fitness routines during the holiday season. Here are some expert-recommended tips that can help you stay on track.
____37____
Planning is the best way to make sure you don’t lose track of your goals. Plan your workouts for the week and mark them in your schedule to assure they are a part of your day.
Exercise early.
____38____. Make sure workouts are in the morning and you’ll set yourself up for a productive day. Then you can enjoy holiday activities and time with family without worrying about when you’ll have time to exercise.
Keep moving.
Research shows that getting up for just five minutes every 30 to 60 minutes and performing light activities reduces the risk of heart disease risk factors. Small efforts to get moving can help your overall health during the holidays. In addition to staying active, try to avoid sitting for long periods of time, such as when watching football games or eating. ____39____.
Think out of the box.
The holidays are busy, but do your best to avoid the “all or nothing” mentality when it comes to physical activity. ____40____ — like taking a family walk around the neighborhood before opening Christmas presents.
A. Plan ahead
B. Plan out your route before you go
C. Exercising in the morning is one of the biggest tips
D. Remember: too much sitting is harmful to your health
E. Your schedule will be filled with family gatherings and celebrations
F. Get creative with exercise and make physical activity a family affair
G. Rather than skipping the gym altogether, make time for a quick workout
【答案】36. E 37. A 38. C 39. D 40. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了就算在假期很难坚持自己健身计划时，也能帮助自己保持状态的四个方法。
【36题详解】
前文提到“The holidays can be a difficult time to stay on track with your fitness goals.”（假期可能是一段很难坚持健身目标的时间。）以及后文提到“Even the most disciplined people can find it difficult to stick to their fitness routines during the holiday season. ”（即使是最自律的人也很难在假期坚持自己的健身计划。）由此判断，该段提到在假期期间坚持健身计划很难，E项“Your schedule will be filled with family gatherings and celebrations”（你的日程表将被家庭聚会和庆祝活动填满。）该项提到了假期会因为一些活动而影响自己的健身计划。该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选E。
【37题详解】
该空处需选择段落小标题。该段提到“Planning is the best way to make sure you don’t lose track of your goals.”（计划是确保你不会迷失目标的最好方法。）该段提到如果做好计划的话就可以保证假期内能够正常进行健身锻炼。A项“Plan ahead”（提前计划）该项提到了提前做好计划，引出后文中提前做好计划的好处。该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选A。
【38题详解】
该段小标题提到“Exercise early”（早点锻炼）以及后文提到“Make sure workouts are in the morning and you’ll set yourself up for a productive day.”（确保在早上锻炼，这样你就会为高效的一天做好准备。）由此判断，该段提到了在早上锻炼的好处，因此该段段首句应该提到早上锻炼是非常重要的。C项“Exercising in the morning is one of the biggest tips”（早上锻炼是最重要的建议之一。）该项提到了早上锻炼是这几项建议中最重要的。该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选C。
【39题详解】
前文提到“In addition to staying active, try to avoid sitting for long periods of time, such as when watching football games or eating.”（除了保持活跃，尽量避免长时间坐着，比如在看足球比赛或吃饭的时候。）该段提到了如果要保持健身计划的话就要避免长期坐着。D项提到“Remember: too much sitting is harmful to your health”（记住：久坐对你的健康有害。）该项提到了长时间坐着对于健康的伤害。该项符合文意，起到总结上文的作用。故选D。
【40题详解】
前文提到“The holidays are busy, but do your best to avoid the “all or nothing” mentality when it comes to physical activity.”（假期是忙碌的，但当涉及到体育锻炼时，你要尽你最大的努力避免“要么全部要么没有”的心态。），以及后文提到“—like taking a family walk around the neighborhood before opening Christmas presents.”（比如在打开圣诞礼物前全家在附近散步。）该段提到可以抓住一切机会来进行运动，F项“Get creative with exercise and make physical activity a family affair”（创造性地锻炼身体，让体育活动成为一项家庭活动）该项提到哪怕只是家庭一起进行的活动也能成为锻炼身体的好机会，同时该项也满足该段小标题“Think out of the box”（跳出思维定式）的段落大意。该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选F。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I suggested my 13-year-old try tennis, she quickly shot me down. “I’m not ____41____ , so stop trying to get me to do sports,” Julianna said. I suggested it because some of my recent happiest memories were of playing ping-pong with her. Tennis seemed like a natural progression from ping-pong and a great way to ____42____ some of her growing teen worries on a larger playing field. But my suggestion was always met with ____43____.
Still, I was undiscouraged. I was convinced that ____44____ some physical energy would help Julianna. I’ve seen how sports help deal with stress. It ____45____ for me when I was a teenage girl.
Midway through summer, we stayed at home one afternoon, really bored. “Do you want to play tennis ” I asked. “Sure,” she said. Arriving at the ____46____ , we set down our bags, picked up our rackets (球拍), and ____47____ towards our sides of the court. The net felt like the visual representation of a growing ____48____ between us — I desiring a connection and my teenage daughter longing for independence.
I started by hitting a ball over the net, and Julianna took a big swing and ____49____ . We repeated this several more times. I resisted the ____50____ to tell her she was ____51____ the racket too close to the neck or to step more into her forehand. We just repeated the ____52____ of me hitting the ball and her missing it a few times before she finally got it back over the net. “This is fun,” she said with a mixture of surprise and joy and then she smiled ____53____ .
Now we always find time to play tennis. We’re both eager for an activity that can ____54____ tensions between us in daily life. It’s nice to have a place where both of us can release our ____55____ feelings and let them go.
41. A. mindful B. incredible C. sporty D. refreshed
42. A. knock out B. work out C. figure out D. leave out
43. A. agreement B. insight C. resistance D. isolation
44. A. releasing B. identifying C. reproducing D. nurturing
45. A. emerged B. shone C. interfered D. worked
46. A. parking B. court C. source D. milestone
47. A. dragged B. turned C. inched D. headed
48. A. divide B. hate C. affection D. objective
49. A. acquired B. fell C. missed D. grabbed
50. A. imagination B. alternative C. urge D. appeal
51. A. holding B. scratching C. removing D. charging
52. A. illustration B. pattern C. measurement D. frequency
53. A. desperately B. disappointedly C. specifically D. widely
54. A. fuel B. target C. transmit D. ease
55. A. relevant B. negative C. prospective D. personalized
【答案】41. C 42. B 43. C 44. A 45. D 46. B 47. D 48. A 49. C 50. C 51. A 52. B 53. D 54. D 55. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和13岁的女儿通过一起打网球来缓解压力和紧张关系，女儿也玩得很开心。
【41题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我建议我13岁的女儿尝试打网球时，她很快拒绝了我。朱莉安娜说：“我不喜欢运动，所以不要试图让我做运动。”A. mindful留心的；B. incredible难以置信的；C. sporty喜爱运动的；D. refreshed清爽的。根据后文“so stop trying to get me to do sports”可知，作者不想运动，因为不喜欢运动。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：网球似乎是乒乓球的自然发展，也是她在更大的运动场上解决一些日益增长的青少年担忧的好方法。A. knock out击倒；B. work out解决；C. figure out弄清楚；D. leave out遗漏。根据后文“some of her growing teen worries”此处指网球可以解决青少年担忧。故选B。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是我的建议总是遭到反对。A. agreement协议；B. insight洞悉；C. resistance反对；D. isolation隔离。根据后文“Still, I was undiscouraged.(不过，我没有灰心)”可知，作者的建议遭到了反对。故选C。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我确信释放一些体力能帮助朱莉安娜。A. releasing释放；B. identifying识别；C. reproducing繁殖；D. nurturing养育。根据后文“some physical energy would help Julianna”以及常识，运动可以释放体力。故选A。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个小女孩的时候，这对我很有效。A. emerged出现；B. shone闪耀；C. interfered干涉；D. worked工作，起作用。根据上文“I’ve seen how sports help deal with stress.(我见识过运动是如何缓解压力的)”可知，指作者青少年的时候运动有效缓解了自己的压力。故选D。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：到了球场，我们放下包，拿起球拍，朝球场两侧走去。A. parking停车；B. court体育场，法院；C. source来源；D. milestone里程碑。呼应后文“towards our sides of the court”指在球场打网球。故选B。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到了球场，我们放下包，拿起球拍，朝球场两侧走去。A. dragged拖拉；B. turned转弯；C. inched缓慢前进；D. headed前往。根据上文“we set down our bags, picked up our rackets”可知，打完了球，放下包，拿起球拍，朝球场两侧走去。故选D。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：网络就像是我们之间越来越大的鸿沟的视觉表现——我渴望联系，而我十几岁的女儿渴望独立。A. divide差异；B. hate讨厌；C. affection影响；D. objective目标。根据后文“I desiring a connection and my teenage daughter longing for independence.”可知，作者和女儿存在差异，故选A。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一开始把球打过了网，朱莉安娜挥了一大步，没打中。A. acquired取得；B. fell落下；C. missed错过，没击中；D. grabbed抓。根据后文“We repeated this several more times.(我们又重复了几次)”多次尝试说明没有打中。故选C。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我忍住了告诉她球拍拿得离脖子太近的冲动，也忍住了告诉她正手握得太紧的冲动。A. imagination想象力；B. alternative可供选择的事物；C. urge冲动；D. appeal吸引力。根据上文“I resisted(忍耐)”中可知，作者克制了自己想要纠正女儿的冲动，故选C。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我忍住了告诉她球拍拿得离脖子太近的冲动，也忍住了告诉她正手握得太紧的冲动。A. holding拿着；B. scratching抓；C. removing去除；D. charging负责。根据后文“the racket too close to the neck”此处指女儿球拍拿得太近了，故选A。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们只是重复着这样的模式：我击球，她打偏了几次，最后她把球打过了网。A. illustration说明；B. pattern模式；C. measurement测量结果；D. frequency频率。后文“hitting the ball and her missing it a few times before she finally got it back over the net”是他们打球在重复的模式：作者击球，她打偏了几次，最后她把球打过了网。故选B。
【53题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“这很有趣，”她说，既惊讶又高兴，然后她笑得很开心。A. desperately绝望地；B. disappointedly失望地；C. specifically特意；D. widely广泛地。根据上文““This is fun,” she said with a mixture of surprise and joy and then she smiled”可知，女儿笑得开心，应用smile widely表示“开怀大笑”。故选D。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们都渴望一项能缓解日常生活中我们之间紧张关系的活动。A. fuel刺激；B. target以……为目标；C. transmit传输；D. ease缓解。根据上文“I’ve seen how sports help deal with stress.”可知，此处指运动可以缓解紧张关系和压力。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：能有个地方让我们俩都能释放负面情绪，让它们散去，真好。A. relevant有关的；B. negative消极的；C. prospective有希望的；D. personalized个性化的。根据上文“tensions between us in daily life”可知，紧张属于消极负面情绪。故选B。
第二节(共10小题:每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
BYD, or Biyadi, is a leading Chinese automotive company that specializes in new energy vehicles, including electric cars and buses. ___56___(establish) in Shenzhen in 2003 by Wang Chuanfu, ___57___expert in battery technology, BYD initially made its mark in the battery industry. The company’s name, meaning ‘Build Your Dreams’, reflects___58___(it) ambitious vision.
BYD ___59___(focus) on developing electric and hybrid vehicles from the very beginning, taking advantage of its excellent battery technology. BYD’s commitment to innovation has led to the production of several ___60___(true) successful models, such as the F3DM, the world’s first mass-produced plug-in hybrid car, and the E6, an electric crossover.
Over the years, BYD has expanded its reach globally, selling vehicles in numerous countries and establishing research and ___61___(produce) facilities internationally. The company has also diversified into other areas, including solar energy and LED technology, reflecting its broader commitment to ___62___(sustain) development.
BYD has been at the forefront of the electric vehicle revolution, investing heavily in research and development. Its innovative Blade Battery technology, introduced in 2020, aims to enhance the safety and performance of EV batteries, ___63___ so far has still been a major concern for the market.
Today, BYD continues to grow, driven by its mission to create a ___64___(green) future. With a diverse range of products and a strong _____65_____ (present) in both domestic and international markets, BYD is a symbol of China’s rise as a major player in the global automotive industry.
【答案】56. Established
57. an 58. its
59. has focused
60. truly 61. production
62. sustainable
63. which 64. greener
65. presence
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国领先的新能源汽车公司比亚迪的发展历程、主要产品和在电动汽车行业的创新与贡献。
【56题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：比亚迪于2003年由电池技术专家王传福在深圳创立，最初在电池行业崭露头角。establish与其逻辑主语BYD之间是被动关系，空处应为过去分词作状语，表示被动和完成，句首单词首字母大写，故填Established。
【57题详解】
考查冠词。句意：比亚迪于2003年由电池技术专家王传福在深圳创立，最初在电池行业崭露头角。expert为可数名词，此处表示泛指，用不定冠词，且expert以元音音素开头，故填an。
【58题详解】
考查形容词性物主代词。句意：公司名称意为“造梦”，反映了其雄心勃勃的愿景。修饰名词vision应用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。
【59题详解】
考查时态。句意：比亚迪从一开始就专注于开发电动汽车和混合动力汽车，利用其出色的电池技术。根据时间状语from the very beginning可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语为BYD，助动词用has，故填has focused。
【60题详解】
考查副词。句意：比亚迪对创新的承诺使其生产出了许多真正成功的车型，如世界上第一款批量生产的插电式混合动力汽车F3DM和电动跨界车E6。空处修饰形容词successful，应用副词truly，故填truly。
【61题详解】
考查名词。句意：多年来，比亚迪在全球范围内扩大了业务范围，在许多国家销售汽车，并在国际上建立了研究和生产设施。此处与research并列，应填名词形式，production facilities表示“生产设施”，故填production。
【62题详解】
考查形容词。句意：该公司还涉足其他领域，包括太阳能和LED技术，反映了其对可持续发展的更广泛承诺。修饰名词development应用形容词sustainable，故填sustainable。
【63题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：其2020年推出的Blade Battery技术旨在提高电动汽车电池的安全性和性能，这一直是市场的一大关注点。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which，故填which。
【64题详解】
考查形容词。句意：如今，比亚迪继续发展，致力于创造一个更绿色未来。空处表示“更绿色”，修饰名词future，应为比较级，用形容词greener，故填greener。
【65题详解】
考查名词。句意：比亚迪拥有多样化的产品，在国内和国际市场上拥有强大的影响力，是中国崛起为全球汽车行业主要参与者的象征。根据空前形容词strong可知，此处应用名词presence作宾语，表示“存在”，故填presence。
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假如你是学校English Club的 Director李华，请你用英语给你校新来的外教Smith先生写封信，帮助他快速适应中国的新生活。主要内容包括：
1. 在中国生活的一些注意事项；2. 能让他更加享受中国生活的建议。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mr. Smith,
I am writing to you representing the English Club.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Warm regards,
Li Hua
(English Club Director)
【答案】Dear Mr. Smith,
I am writing to you representing the English Club. We are thrilled to have you as part of our school community. To help you settle in quickly, I’d like to share some key points about living in China.
Firstly, In China, certain topics like politics are considered taboo. So, it’s important to respect these boundaries to maintain a harmonious environment. Secondly, physical contact is generally less common here than in some Western cultures. Hugging, especially with someone of the opposite sex, can be seen as inappropriate unless you have a close relationship with the person.
A great tip for you. Try to attend festivals, visit museums, and try to engage with the community, which can help you learn more about Chinese traditions and make lasting connections. We wish you a wonderful and enriching stay in China.
Warm regards,
Li Hua
(English Club Director)
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给学校新来的外教Smith先生写封信，帮助他快速适应中国的新生活。
【详解】1.词汇积累
兴奋的：thrilled→exalted
重要的：important→crucial
尤其是：especially→particularly
极好的：wonderful→excellent
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：So, it’s important to respect these boundaries to maintain a harmonious environment.
拓展句：So, it’s important that you respect these boundaries to maintain a harmonious environment.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Try to attend festivals, visit museums, and try to engage with the community, which can help you learn more about Chinese traditions and make lasting connections. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Hugging, especially with someone of the opposite sex, can be seen as inappropriate unless you have a close relationship with the person. (运用了unless引导的条件状语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My legs and arms were shaking. Sweat was tripping down my face. Every step felt like thousands of needles were sinking into my legs. I couldn’t take it. By that time I had got three blisters (水泡) on each foot. It felt like I was in Sahara!
It was discovery week. Grade eight was visiting Altai for a week. We lived in camps near the river. Now we were going up the mountain called The Devil’s Finger. But the mountain was only getting steeper (陡的). Most of the people were already on the top, screaming, laughing and taking selfies. Then I realized I had left my hat on the bus and I felt even worse. I touched my head. It was warm, but I couldn’t do anything about it.
Most of my friends were up the hill cheering me on. “Pointless!” I told them. “I can’t go any faster!” They looked at me and laughed. “They have got to be kidding me! Are they doing it on purpose ”
I was making my way slowly up the mountain. My feet stepped on something. I thought it was a rock, but whatever. The rock slipped from under my boot and went tumbling down the mountain. I lost my balance and fell on the ground. “Are you OK ” I heard a voice behind me. “Just tired. I’m taking a break.” I didn’t want to say that I fell.
There were only eight people behind me by that time. I decided to speed up because I didn’t want to be the last one up. I looked up. Yana was already on the top, waving to me. “It’s like she isn’t tired at all,” I thought to myself. The sun was behind her so I could barely see her face. Actually, no. I could see a huge smile on her face. She was shouting something, but I couldn’t hear it. I decided that the rest of the way up I would not stop to take any breaks.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
However, my body wasn’t listening and I sunk to the ground again.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Finally, I reached the top of the mountain.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
However, my body wasn’t listening and I sunk to the ground again. It was too hot and my lips were dried. I reached for my water bottle. My blisters were killing me and the pain was unbearable. My lungs felt like they were about to explode. However, I pushed myself to get up. The Devil’s Finger laughed at me with its steep incline, but I refused to give in. My friends’ cheers echoed in my ears, reminding me that I wasn’t alone. With each step, I felt like I was conquering not just the mountain, but my own fears and limitations. For a moment I felt a cool breeze.
Finally, I reached the top of the mountain. The view was breathtaking. I could see everything from this height. Giant clouds were rushing past me like ships on the ocean. At the same time, the sense of accomplishment was indescribable. Yana ran to hug me, her smile wider than ever. “You made it!” she shouted. I looked around at my friends, all celebrating our victory together. The exhaustion was worth it. I had proven to myself that with perseverance and determination, I could overcome any obstacle. The Devil’s Finger no longer seemed so terrible, and I felt a newfound strength in myself.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和朋友去爬山，一路上十分辛苦，作者几乎坚持不下去。好在最后在朋友的鼓励下，作者克服恐惧和疲惫，成功到达山顶，感到自己有了一种新的力量。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然而，我的身体没有听进去，我又沉到了地上”可知，第一段可描写作者爬山途中感到不适以及坚持爬完。
②由第二段首句内容“最后，我到达了山顶。景色令人叹为观止”可知，第二段可描写到达山顶以后作者的感受和感悟。
2.续写线索：感到疲惫——拒绝屈服——朋友鼓励——克服恐惧——到达山顶——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
拿取：reach for/pull out
嘲笑：laugh at/tease
拒绝：refuse/turn down
情绪类
难以忍受：unbearable/insufferable
可怕：terrible/frightening
【点睛】[高分句型1] I had proven to myself that with perseverance and determination, I could overcome any obstacle. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] I looked around at my friends, all celebrating our victory together. (运用了现在分词作状语)
