2024年上学期高一第三次月考
英语
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Who likes reading alone
A. Mary. B. Jim. C. Sarah.
2. What time does the woman get off work
A. Before 6: 30 p. m. B. At 7: 00 p. m. C. After 7: 30 p. m.
3. What will the boy do next
A Buy some pencils. B. Do his homework. C. Clean up the table.
4. How does the woman feel about the man’s magic trick
A. She loves it. B. She’s quite surprised. C. She thinks it’s too easy.
5. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Mother and child.
第二节
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第 6 和第 7 两个小题。
6. What do Eva and her classmates want to do
A. Go back to school. B. See an art exhibition. C. Celebrate their graduation.
7. What do we know about the restaurant
A. It sells works of art. B. People can paint there. C. Guests must dress up there.
听下面一段对话，回答第 8 至第 10 三个小题。
8. Why did Kevin change his backpack
A. His old one was too small.
B. It was for the benefit of his health.
C. The teacher asked him to change one.
9. Why does Kevin like staying at school
A. He likes talking to the teacher.
B. He finishes his homework faster.
C. He likes playing games with his classmates.
10. Where does the conversation take place
A. At a doctor’s office. B. At Kevin’s house. C. At school.
听下面一段对话，回答第 11 至第 13 三个小题。
11. What does the man try to do
A. Get another degree. B. Graduate in the fall. C. Take a part-time job.
12. How many classes is the woman taking
A. Four. B. Five. C. Six.
13. What do the speakers agree on in the end
A. Exercising regularly. B. Taking fewer classes. C. Studying together.
听下面一段对话，回答第 14 至第 16 三个小题。
14. Why does Bill think Helen shouldn’t be at school
A. He is afraid of getting her cold.
B. He thinks she should be resting.
C. He thinks the school is uncomfortable.
15. What did Helen’s Russian friend suggest
A. Eating garlic. B. Seeing a doctor. C. Drinking a lot of water.
16. How does Helen think the hot water would help
A. It would cure her cough. B. It would clear her runny nose. C. It would be good for her throat.
听下面一段独白，回答第 17 至第 20 四个小题。
17. What is the purpose of the announcement
A. To tell passengers the rules.
B. To help passengers stay safe.
C. To make sure people don’t lose things.
18. What is the weather like today
A. Rainy. B. Snowy. C. Sunny.
19. Where should passengers go if they have problems
A. To the top of the stairs. B. To the middle of the waiting area. C. To the end of the waiting area.
20. How will the staff deal with the luggage left behind in the waiting area
A. They may remove it. B. They’ll take pictures of it. C. They’ll try to find the owner.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
Types of Fire Extinguishers (灭火器)
Fire extinguishers are marked according to the kind of fire on which they should be used. Using the wrong type of extinguisher can be dangerous and make things worse.
Type A extinguishers are used for fires on paper, cloth, wood, rubber, many plastics and so on. These types of fires usually leave ashes when they burn, so use Type A extinguishers for fire s that leave ashes.
Type B extinguishers are used for burning liquids, such as oil, gasoline, and paints. These substances often come in barrel-shaped (桶形的) containers, so use Type B extinguishers for such barrels.
Type C extinguishers are used for electrical fires. Electricity travels in a circuit (电路) , so use Type C extinguishers for circuits.
Remember, A Is for Ashes, B is for Barrels, and C I s for Circuits. Make sure you have the correct type of fire extinguisher before you try to use it.
Using a Fire Extinguisher
To help you remember how to use a fire extinguisher, learn PAPS. PAPS stands for Pull, Aim, Press, and Sweep.
Pull the pin (销) at the top of the extinguisher cylinder (圆筒) .
Aim the nozzle (喷嘴) at the base of the fire.
Press the handle.
Sweep the spray (喷雾) from side-to-side at the fire’s base until it goes out.
1. What should you do before using a fire extinguisher
A. Check whether it is in good condition.
B. Check whether you have chosen a right one.
C. Make sure you have an instructor beside you.
D. Make sure you have mastered the way to use one.
2. What does the underlined phrase “goes out” In the last paragraph mean
A. Becomes bigger. B. Stops burning. C. Keeps shining. D. Leaves a building.
3. The purpose of the text is to __________.
A. entertain B. persuade C. inform D. comment
B
Each morning Grandpa was up early sitting at the kitchen table, reading his book. His grandson wanted to be just like him and tried to copy him in every way he could.
One day the grandson asked, “Grandpa, I try to read the book just like you, but I don’t understand it, and I forget what I understand as soon as I close the book. What good does reading the book do ”
The grandpa quietly turned from putting coal in the stove and replied, “Take this coal basket down to the river and bring me back a basket of water.”
The boy did as he was told, but all the water leaked out before he got back to the house. The grandpa laughed and said, “You’ll have to move a little faster next time,” and sent him back to the river with the basket to try again. This time the boy ran faster, but again the basket was empty before he returned. Out of breath, he told his grandpa that it was impossible to carry water in a basket, so he went to get a bucket instead. The grandpa said, “I don’t want a bucket of water; I want a basket of water. You’re just not trying hard enough.” The boy again dipped the basket into the river and ran hard, but when he reached his grandpa the basket was empty again. Out of breath, he said, “Grandpa, it’s useless!”
“So, you think it is useless ” the grandpa said, “Look at the basket.”
The boy looked at the basket and for the first time he realized that the basket was different. It had been transformed from a dirty old coal basket and was now clean.
“Grandson, that’s what happens when you read the book. You might not understand or remember everything, but when you read it, you’ll be changed, inside and out.”
4. What puzzled the grandson most was _________.
A. why he forgot what he read soon B. whether it was useful to read books
C. what kind of book he could understand D. how he could read books like his grandpa
5. Why did Grandpa ask his grandson to fetch a basket of water
A. To get him to realize the use of reading books. B. To punish him for not reading carefully.
C. To clean the dirty basket in the river. D. To train him to run faster.
6 What lesson can we learn from the story
A. The old are always wiser than the young. B. It is foolish to carry water with a basket.
C. You can’t expect to remember all you read. D. Reading books can change a person gradually.
7. What can be the best title for the text
A. Grandpa and Grandson B. Carrying Water in a Basket
C. Baskets and Books D. Reading for Total Changing
C
Everybody hates rats (big mice). But in the earthquake capitals of the world — Japan, Los Angeles and Turkey — rats will soon be man’s best friends.
What happens after an earthquake？We send in rescue dogs. Why？Because they can smell people. Dogs save lives. They help rescuers to find living people. But dogs are big and they can’t get into small spaces. So now a new research project is using a smaller animal to save lives: the rat.
How does it work？First, the rat is trained to smell people. When this happens, the rat’s brain gives a signal (信号). This is sent to a small radio on its back, and then the rescuers follow the radio signal. When the rat’s brain activity jumps, the rescuers know that someone is alive. The rat has smelled that person.
Although there are already robots which can do this job, rats are better. Christian Linster at Cornell University, New York, says, “Robots’ noses don’t work well when there are other smells around. Rats are good at that.” Rats can also see in the dark. They are cheaper and quicker to train than dogs, and unlike robots, they don’t need electricity!
The “rat project” is not finished, but Julie Ryan of International Rescue Organization in Scotland says, “It would be wonderful. A rat can get into spaces we can’t get to, and a rat will get out if it isn’t safe.” Perhaps for the first time in history, people will be happy to see a rat in a building (but only after an earthquake, of course).
8. In the world earthquake capitals, rats will become man’s best friends because they can .
A. take the place of man’s rescue jobs
B. find the position of living people who are trapped in buildings
C. serve as food for living people who are trapped in buildings
D. get into small spaces
9. From the third paragraph we know the rescuers can judge a person who is alive by .
A. the noise made by the rat B. the rat’s unusual behavior
C. the signal sent by the radio on the rat’s back D. the smell given off by the person
10. Rats have all the following advantages EXCEPT that .
A. they are more lovely than other animals
B. they are less expensive to train than dogs
C. they don’t need electricity
D. they are small and can get into small places
11. After reading the passage we know .
A. at present rats have taken the place of dogs in searching for people
B. the “rat project” has been completed
C. people are now happy to see a rat in a building
D. now people still use dogs and robots in performing rescues
D
Brown bears have stopped eating salmon（鲑鱼）in favor of elderberries after being forced to make a choice due to climate change. Warming temperatures mean that the berries are ripening earlier than usual, at exactly the same time as the freshwater streams on Alaska’s Kodiak Island are over flowing with salmon.
The island’s brown bears typically feed first on salmon in early summer, followed by elderberries later in the season, in late August and September.
“What you have is a scrambling of the schedule,” said William Deacy, a biologist at Oregon State University that studied the phenomenon.
“It’s essentially like if breakfast and lunch were served at the same time and then there is nothing to eat until dinner. You have to choose between breakfast and lunch because you can only eat so much at a time.”
The study found that during the unusually warm summer of 2014, the bears, which would traditionally kill up to 75 percent of the salmon, were nowhere to be seen near the streams. Instead, they were in the hills busy munching on berries, which contain less protein and therefore take less energy to break down, causing them to gain weight more quickly.
Biologists warned that changes caused by a warming planet were behind the bears’ unusual behavior and could affect the entire ecosystem
The researchers found that the forests around the streams suffered because the bears’ fish carcasses（残骸）were no longer there to enrich the soil.
“Bears switched from eating salmon to elderberries, disturbing an ecological link that typically fertilizes the ecosystems and generates high death rates for salmon,” the study said. On average, red elderberries are said to be ripening two and a half days earlier every decade. If the pattern continues, they will regularly overlap（重叠）with the salmon by 2070.
12. Brown bears have begun to favor ________ because of the climate change.
A. salmon
B. elderberries
C. warm temperatures
D. fresh water
13. What does William Deacy mean by saying the underlined sentence
A. Brown bears eat their breakfast and lunch at the same time.
B. We’re facing a hard problem with choosing the meals.
C. Climate change is disturbing the bears’ eating habits.
D. People’s biological clocks are changing regularly.
14. Which of the following words can best describe the phenomenon
A. Natural. B. Unusual.
C. Amazing. D. Typical.
15. The finding of the study shows us that ________.
A. brown bears may become bigger and bigger
B. there will be a higher death rate for the salmon
C. red elderberries will probably be ripening in summer
D. the changes of bears’ behavior could affect the entire ecosystem
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Parents of children and teens who play football may worry about their bodies getting injury. Younger football players have the lowest chance of injury. ____16____ Therefore, it’s necessary for players to know the rules of playing football whether they are young or old. The following can be used to reduce the chance of injuries while players are still enjoying the game.
____17____ The American Academy of Pediatrics advises players and their families talk about whether the risks of injury outweighs the benefits of playing football. Football has many benefits, including regular exercise, learning to be part of a team,and social growth and development. Families who decide to play can take steps to reduce the chances of serious injury.
Play by the rules. When players know the rules of the game—what’s legal and what’s not—fewer injuries happen. ____18____ For example, players should know that in football they can’t come from behind, crash into a player’s legs, and steal the ball. It’s legal and safer to go after the ball rather than the player.
Wear legal equipment. ____19____ Because illegal equipment leads to serious injuries of the head and neck. It’s also the leading cause of severe injuries in football,but remember the protection of legal equipment doesn’t depend on its quantity.
Get good training. Players should learn the right way to use a tackle (装备). ____20____ Correct training could lower injury for younger players. Older players could be at a greater risk of injury if they first learn to use tackle and never learn the correct skill.
A. Take steps to lower football injury.
B. Weigh the risks and benefits.
C. The more legal equipment players wear, the less injury they will get.
D. Legal equipment can give football players important protection.
E. Players should know what to expect from each other.
F. Doing this and practicing the skills often make sure players are correctly trained.
G. As players get older, stronger and faster, the chance of injury goes up.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15 小题;每小题1分，满分15 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Les Brown is one of the world’s greatest ___21___. He is also a thought leader on self-improvement and goal-setting.
However, Les found it ___22___ to learn knowledge when he was a student. During his school days, he was thought as “___23___ to learn well” by the teachers and placed ___24___ from 6th grade to 5th grade. To make things worse, he had a twin brother who was rather ___25___ and talented, so Les was ___26___ by his classmates.
One day a teacher asked him to ___27___ a problem on the blackboard, but Les ___28___ and said that he couldn’t. “Of course you can,” the teacher replied ___29___. “Young man, come here and solve this problem for me.” “But I can’t,” insisted Les. “I’m a ____30____ boy.” The rest of the class burst (爆发) into ____31____ . At that point, the teacher stepped out from behind his desk and looked Les straight in the eye. “Don’t ever say that again,” he told him firmly. “Someone else’s ____32____ of you does not have to become your reality.”
Les never forgot those ____33____, and spent the rest of his life facing challenges, ____34____ and following his goals. Time and time again, thanks to the teacher’s powerful words, Les has been a famous speaker all over the world. Do remember: you have ____35____ within you.
21. A. writer B. speaker C. teacher D. leader
22. A. important B. easy C. difficult D. necessary
23. A. curious B. afraid C. eager D. unable
24. A. away B. back C. off D. forward
25. A. naughty B. stupid C. bright D. awkward
26. A. looked into B. cared about C. knocked down D. laughed at
27. A. discuss B. face C. solve D. choose
28. A. refused B. answered C. replied D. accepted
29. A. surprisingly B. anxiously C. angrily D. encouragingly
30. A. smart B. kind C. silly D. mean
31. A. laughter B. strength C. cheers D. tears
32. A. risk B. spirit C. regret D. opinion
33. A. sentences B. cry C. laughter D. words
34. A. setting B. missing C. achieving D. winning
35. A. happiness B. loneliness C. greatness D. darkness
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A hurricane happens together with heavy rainfall, thus ___36___ (result) in destroying flood. The centre of a hurricane is called the eye. While most of a hurricane has dangerously strong winds, the eye is ___37___ (actual) a calm area in the storm. When the eye of a hurricane passes overland, people might think it’s over, only ___38___ (find) the wind and rain increase again, because the ___39___ (two) part of the hurricane moves through.
There is no way to stop a hurricane or make it change direction, so if you ever find ___40___ (you) in the path of a hurricane, be sure to remember the following ___41___ (safe) tips:
* Be sure you have a radio, batteries, fresh drinking water, and enough food, ___42___ will help you survive.
* Tell neighbours, friends, and family members your emergency plans. Tell them where you should go if you need to leave your home.
*If living near the ocean, leave your home and travel ___43___ a safe place. You could stay with a friend or a family member, in a hotel, or in ___44___ emergency shelter area.
* Stay inside during the storm. You could ___45___ (injure) seriously if you go outside.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，将代表学校参加由动物保护协会组织的英语演讲比赛，比赛主题为Joining me in protecting animals。请你根据该主题写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
1. 保护动物的重要性；
2. 保护动物的方法或建议；
3. 呼吁大家一起保护动物。
注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Ladies and gentlemen,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thanks for your listening.
第二节(满分25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On the walk home from school, my friend, Cherry, happily said, “Tomorrow is Mother’s Day. I’ve been saving up for the past month and plan to buy my mother the perfume (香水) she’s been wanting for so long.” Her excitement made me realize that I hadn’t prepared anything special yet. But I only had a little money left. I began to regret spending so much on snacks every day. “See you next week!” Cherry’s voice pulled me back to reality. We waved goodbye as she went into a perfume shop.
I continued walking along the road carefully thinking about what gift I should choose. I planned to buy something like flowers or chocolate, but now it seemed like those were way too simple. Therefore, I pushed open the door to a mall (商场) and tried to find the perfect gift. The bright lights illuminated (照亮) the collection of various goods. I picked up a lipstick (口红) but immediately (立即) put it back after seeing its price. I could never afford that! Then I walked into another shop and saw a lovely cup. This cup, besides being beautiful, would also remind my mother to drink water. It’d be a wonderful gift. I picked it up and turned it over to see the price listed, hoping it was not too expensive. But once again, I couldn’t afford it even with all the money that I had. Feeling sad, I continued to wander around the shops. Time flew by quickly, and before I knew it, the sky began to darken, so I had to go home.
Since there was no time or money for me to pick out a gift I decided to make a simple card. When I finished, the clock on my bedroom wall struck 11 p.m. I held up the card, examining its hardcover, handwritten letters, and the tiny pictures I’d drawn of my mom and me. It’s probably never going to compare to the expensive gifts that my friends bought for their mothers, I thought sadly.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Soon, morning came, and it was time to give my mother my handmade card.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“I love this card!” My mother said excitedly.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2024年上学期高一第三次月考
英语
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Who likes reading alone
A. Mary. B. Jim. C. Sarah.
2. What time does the woman get off work
A. Before 6: 30 p. m. B. At 7: 00 p. m. C. After 7: 30 p. m.
3. What will the boy do next
A. Buy some pencils. B. Do his homework. C. Clean up the table.
4. How does the woman feel about the man’s magic trick
A. She loves it. B. She’s quite surprised. C. She thinks it’s too easy.
5. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Mother and child.
第二节
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第 6 和第 7 两个小题。
6. What do Eva and her classmates want to do
A. Go back to school. B. See an art exhibition. C. Celebrate their graduation.
7. What do we know about the restaurant
A. It sells works of art. B. People can paint there. C. Guests must dress up there.
听下面一段对话，回答第 8 至第 10 三个小题。
8. Why did Kevin change his backpack
A. His old one was too small.
B. It was for the benefit of his health.
C. The teacher asked him to change one.
9. Why does Kevin like staying at school
A. He likes talking to the teacher.
B. He finishes his homework faster.
C. He likes playing games with his classmates.
10. Where does the conversation take place
A. At a doctor’s office. B. At Kevin’s house. C. At school.
听下面一段对话，回答第 11 至第 13 三个小题。
11. What does the man try to do
A. Get another degree. B. Graduate in the fall. C. Take a part-time job.
12. How many classes is the woman taking
A. Four. B. Five. C. Six.
13. What do the speakers agree on in the end
A. Exercising regularly. B. Taking fewer classes. C. Studying together.
听下面一段对话，回答第 14 至第 16 三个小题。
14. Why does Bill think Helen shouldn’t be at school
A. He is afraid of getting her cold.
B. He thinks she should be resting.
C. He thinks the school is uncomfortable.
15. What did Helen’s Russian friend suggest
A. Eating garlic. B. Seeing a doctor. C. Drinking a lot of water.
16. How does Helen think the hot water would help
A. It would cure her cough. B. It would clear her runny nose. C. It would be good for her throat.
听下面一段独白，回答第 17 至第 20 四个小题。
17. What is the purpose of the announcement
A. To tell passengers the rules.
B. To help passengers stay safe.
C. To make sure people don’t lose things.
18. What is the weather like today
A. Rainy. B. Snowy. C. Sunny.
19. Where should passengers go if they have problems
A. To the top of the stairs. B. To the middle of the waiting area. C. To the end of the waiting area.
20. How will the staff deal with the luggage left behind in the waiting area
A. They may remove it. B. They’ll take pictures of it. C. They’ll try to find the owner.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
Types of Fire Extinguishers (灭火器)
Fire extinguishers are marked according to the kind of fire on which they should be used. Using the wrong type of extinguisher can be dangerous and make things worse.
Type A extinguishers are used for fires on paper, cloth, wood, rubber, many plastics and so on. These types of fires usually leave ashes when they burn, so use Type A extinguishers for fire s that leave ashes.
Type B extinguishers are used for burning liquids, such as oil, gasoline, and paints. These substances often come in barrel-shaped (桶形的) containers, so use Type B extinguishers for such barrels.
Type C extinguishers are used for electrical fires. Electricity travels in a circuit (电路) , so use Type C extinguishers for circuits.
Remember, A Is for Ashes, B is for Barrels, and C I s for Circuits. Make sure you have the correct type of fire extinguisher before you try to use it.
Using a Fire Extinguisher
To help you remember how to use a fire extinguisher, learn PAPS. PAPS stands for Pull, Aim, Press, and Sweep.
Pull the pin (销) at the top of the extinguisher cylinder (圆筒) .
Aim the nozzle (喷嘴) at the base of the fire.
Press the handle.
Sweep the spray (喷雾) from side-to-side at the fire’s base until it goes out.
1. What should you do before using a fire extinguisher
A. Check whether it is in good condition.
B. Check whether you have chosen a right one.
C. Make sure you have an instructor beside you.
D. Make sure you have mastered the way to use one.
2. What does the underlined phrase “goes out” In the last paragraph mean
A. Becomes bigger. B. Stops burning. C. Keeps shining. D. Leaves a building.
3. The purpose of the text is to __________.
A. entertain B. persuade C. inform D. comment
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇应用文。介绍了灭火器的种类和如何使用灭火器。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Types of Fire Extinguishers (灭火器)中第一段“Using the wrong type of extinguish er can be dangerous and make things worse.(使用错误类型的灭火器可能是危险的，使事情变得更糟)”及第五段“Make sure you have the correct type of fire extinguisher before you try to use it.(在你尝试使用灭火器之前，确保你有正确类型的灭火器)”可知，在使用灭火器之前，应先检查你是否选对了。故选B。
【2题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词前文“Sweep the spray (喷雾) from side-to-side at the fire’s base until it goes out .(在火焰底部从一边到另一边喷洒，直到它goes out)”以及常识可知，此处表示灭火时将灭火器对准火焰底部，从一边到另外一边喷洒，直到火不再燃烧，划线短语goes out表示“熄灭”，与stop burning意思相近。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Using a Fire Extinguisher中第一段“To help you remember how to use a fire extinguisher, learn PAPS. PAPS stands for Pull, Aim, Press, and Sweep.(为了帮助你记住如何使用灭火器，学习PAPS。PAPS代表拔出保险销，对准火源，按住灭火器把手和左右摆动喷口，涵盖整个火源)”可知，本文目的为了告知灭火器的使用知识。故选C。
B
Each morning Grandpa was up early sitting at the kitchen table, reading his book. His grandson wanted to be just like him and tried to copy him in every way he could.
One day the grandson asked, “Grandpa, I try to read the book just like you, but I don’t understand it, and I forget what I understand as soon as I close the book. What good does reading the book do ”
The grandpa quietly turned from putting coal in the stove and replied, “Take this coal basket down to the river and bring me back a basket of water.”
The boy did as he was told, but all the water leaked out before he got back to the house. The grandpa laughed and said, “You’ll have to move a little faster next time,” and sent him back to the river with the basket to try again. This time the boy ran faster, but again the basket was empty before he returned. Out of breath, he told his grandpa that it was impossible to carry water in a basket, so he went to get a bucket instead. The grandpa said, “I don’t want a bucket of water; I want a basket of water. You’re just not trying hard enough.” The boy again dipped the basket into the river and ran hard, but when he reached his grandpa the basket was empty again. Out of breath, he said, “Grandpa, it’s useless!”
“So, you think it is useless ” the grandpa said, “Look at the basket.”
The boy looked at the basket and for the first time he realized that the basket was different. It had been transformed from a dirty old coal basket and was now clean.
“Grandson, that’s what happens when you read the book. You might not understand or remember everything, but when you read it, you’ll be changed, inside and out.”
4. What puzzled the grandson most was _________.
A. why he forgot what he read soon B. whether it was useful to read books
C. what kind of book he could understand D. how he could read books like his grandpa
5. Why did Grandpa ask his grandson to fetch a basket of water
A. To get him to realize the use of reading books. B. To punish him for not reading carefully.
C. To clean the dirty basket in the river. D. To train him to run faster.
6. What lesson can we learn from the story
A. The old are always wiser than the young. B. It is foolish to carry water with a basket.
C. You can’t expect to remember all you read. D. Reading books can change a person gradually.
7. What can be the best title for the text
A. Grandpa and Grandson B. Carrying Water in a Basket
C. Baskets and Books D. Reading for Total Changing
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。爷爷让孙子用装煤的篮子到河边提水，来回几次之后，篮子干净了。这件事告诉我们：读书对人的影响是潜移默化的，从里到外的改变一个人。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。抓住文章主旨、紧扣作者思维模式找突破口。根据第二段最后一句“What good does reading the book do”可知，孙子不明白读书的意义所在，所以选B。A、D项也是孙子不明白的问题，但不是“最”让他感到困惑的问题。C项在文章没有依据。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段和倒数第二段可知，当孙子向爷爷抱怨用篮子打水没有用的时候，爷爷让孙子观察篮子发生的变化，让孙子意识到在打水的过程中，篮子变干净了，从容让孙子认识到读书也用同样的作用。B、C、D在文中找不到依据。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第一段最后一句中的“when you read it, you’ll be changed, inside and out”可知，读书能让人从里到外地发生变化。所以选D。A项表述过于绝对，而且也不是故事要告诉我们的哲理。B、C项与故事的要讲的道理无关。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。文章通过一个篮子打水的故事，告诉读者读书能够净化心灵，具有让读者从里到外地发生改变的作用。所以D项适合作为文章的标题。B项只说到竹篮打水，没有点出阅读的作用。C项提到了篮子和书籍，但是重点不突出，偏离了文章的主题。故选D。
【名师点睛】
选择标题在英语阅读理解题中属主旨大意题，是深层理解题，它要求考生在通读全文的基础上，认真分析主人公的特定心态、文章大意及作者的写作意图。通常情况下，标题具有概括性、针对性、醒目性的特点。所谓概括性，就是指标题应在最大程度上覆盖全文，囊括文章的主要内容，体现文章的主题。针对性是对标题外延的一种界定，标题要直接指向文章的主要特点。而醒目性是为了吸引读者的注意力，唤起读者对文章阅读的兴趣。常见的命题形式有：The best title for the text would be... / What can be the best title for this text / Which of the following can be the best title for the text 等。以下是此类题目的基本解题思路。
1、确定最佳标题的方法
在阅读文章时，要注意文章中反复出现或强调的信息，寻找与文章大多数内容相关的信息，找出覆盖全文的核心词汇，看选项内容是否切中文章的中心论题，也就是要看选项内容与作者的写作目的是否一致。
2、寻找文章的主题句
了解文章主要论题的关键是找到全文的主题句。主题句通常在文章首段，但是也可能在文章的末段、在文章的某一段落，或者分散在文章的各个段落中。如果每个段落都有主题句，那么把各段落的主题句的中心思想集中起来，即为全文的主题句．
3、概括文章的主题
要把握文章主旨，就必须根据具体的语言环境、陈述内容的逻辑关系（文章的结构）、上下文的连贯意思及文中有关暗示来理解文章的深层含义。
4、逆向思维法
针对这类题型，考生不妨思考一下，“如果我是作者，遇到这样的标题，文章应该怎样写？”
5、整体把握文章，不被细节迷惑
标题实际上是文章主题的一种确认方式。要准确地把握文章的主题思想，就要十分留意文章的开头和结尾，要抓住文中具有概括性的信息，从上下文连贯的意思来理解全文。好些文章的主题句并不明显，需要我们仔细体会字里行间的意思，了解文章的背景知识、文章结构，推断作者意图或态度，从整体上把握文章的主旨。从全局的角度归纳概括出文章的标题。要防止本末倒置，主次不分，要排除干扰项的干扰，选出正确的答案。有些干扰项，从局部看也许不算错，但从全局看却又片面。这类干扰项与正确答案之差，其实是局部与全局之差。考生在做题时不要为局部现象（即细节）迷惑，而忽略了文章的整体思想。有的文章一开始就亮出主题，全文随着主题而展开。
C
Everybody hates rats (big mice). But in the earthquake capitals of the world — Japan, Los Angeles and Turkey — rats will soon be man’s best friends.
What happens after an earthquake？We send in rescue dogs. Why？Because they can smell people. Dogs save lives. They help rescuers to find living people. But dogs are big and they can’t get into small spaces. So now a new research project is using a smaller animal to save lives: the rat.
How does it work？First, the rat is trained to smell people. When this happens, the rat’s brain gives a signal (信号). This is sent to a small radio on its back, and then the rescuers follow the radio signal. When the rat’s brain activity jumps, the rescuers know that someone is alive. The rat has smelled that person.
Although there are already robots which can do this job, rats are better. Christian Linster at Cornell University, New York, says, “Robots’ noses don’t work well when there are other smells around. Rats are good at that.” Rats can also see in the dark. They are cheaper and quicker to train than dogs, and unlike robots, they don’t need electricity!
The “rat project” is not finished, but Julie Ryan of International Rescue Organization in Scotland says, “It would be wonderful. A rat can get into spaces we can’t get to, and a rat will get out if it isn’t safe.” Perhaps for the first time in history, people will be happy to see a rat in a building (but only after an earthquake, of course).
8. In the world earthquake capitals, rats will become man’s best friends because they can .
A. take the place of man’s rescue jobs
B. find the position of living people who are trapped in buildings
C. serve as food for living people who are trapped in buildings
D. get into small spaces
9. From the third paragraph we know the rescuers can judge a person who is alive by .
A. the noise made by the rat B. the rat’s unusual behavior
C. the signal sent by the radio on the rat’s back D. the smell given off by the person
10. Rats have all the following advantages EXCEPT that .
A they are more lovely than other animals
B. they are less expensive to train than dogs
C. they don’t need electricity
D. they are small and can get into small places
11. After reading the passage we know .
A. at present rats have taken the place of dogs in searching for people
B. the “rat project” has been completed
C. people are now happy to see a rat in a building
D now people still use dogs and robots in performing rescues
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了用老鼠来寻找在地震中被困的人的优势。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But in the earthquake capitals of the world — Japan, Los Angeles, Turkey — rats will soon be man’s new best friends.(但在世界地震之都——日本、洛杉矶、土耳其——老鼠将很快成为人类最好的新朋友)”和第二段“Dogs save lives. They help rescuers to find living people. But dogs are big and they can’t get into small spaces. So now a new research project is using a smaller animal to save lives: the rat.(狗能拯救生命。他们帮助救援人员寻找幸存者。但是狗很大，它们进不了小空间。因此，现在一项新的研究项目正在使用一种更小的动物来拯救生命:老鼠)”可知，在世界地震之都，老鼠将成为人类最好的朋友，因为它们可以用来搜救人类。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“When this happens, the rat’s brain gives a signal (信号). This is sent to a small radio on its back, and then the rescuers follow the radio signals. When the rat’s brain activity jumps, the rescuers know that someone is alive.(这种情况发生时，老鼠的大脑就会发出信号。信号发送到它背上的一个小无线电上，然后救援人员跟踪无线电信号。当老鼠的大脑活动跳跃时，救援人员知道有人还活着)”可知，救援人员是通过老鼠背上的无线电信号判断是否有人存活。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But dogs are big and they can’t get into small spaces. So now a new research project is using a smaller animal to save lives: the rat(但是狗很大，它们进不了小空间。因此，现在一个新的研究项目正在使用一种较小的动物来拯救生命：老鼠)”可知，老鼠可以到更小的地方，故选项D是老鼠的优势；根据第四段中的“They are cheaper and quicker to train than dogs, and unlike robots, they don’t need electricity (它们比狗更便宜，训练起来也更快，而且不像机器人，它们不需要电力)”可知，选项B和C都是老鼠的优势。根据第一段中“Everybody hates rats (big mice).(每个人都讨厌老鼠)”可知选项A错误。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第一句“The “rat project” is not finished(“老鼠项目”尚未完成)”及最后一句“Perhaps for the first time in history, people will be happy to see a rat in a building (but only after an earthquake, of course).(也许这是历史上第一次，人们将乐意在建筑里看到老鼠(当然，只有在地震之后))”可知，现在用老鼠来救援还没有投入使用，是将来的事情，使用了将来时。由此推知，现在人们仍然使用狗和机器人进行救援。故选D。
D
Brown bears have stopped eating salmon（鲑鱼）in favor of elderberries after being forced to make a choice due to climate change. Warming temperatures mean that the berries are ripening earlier than usual, at exactly the same time as the freshwater streams on Alaska’s Kodiak Island are over flowing with salmon.
The island’s brown bears typically feed first on salmon in early summer, followed by elderberries later in the season, in late August and September.
“What you have is a scrambling of the schedule,” said William Deacy, a biologist at Oregon State University that studied the phenomenon.
“It’s essentially like if breakfast and lunch were served at the same time and then there is nothing to eat until dinner. You have to choose between breakfast and lunch because you can only eat so much at a time.”
The study found that during the unusually warm summer of 2014, the bears, which would traditionally kill up to 75 percent of the salmon, were nowhere to be seen near the streams. Instead, they were in the hills busy munching on berries, which contain less protein and therefore take less energy to break down, causing them to gain weight more quickly.
Biologists warned that changes caused by a warming planet were behind the bears’ unusual behavior and could affect the entire ecosystem.
The researchers found that the forests around the streams suffered because the bears’ fish carcasses（残骸）were no longer there to enrich the soil.
“Bears switched from eating salmon to elderberries, disturbing an ecological link that typically fertilizes the ecosystems and generates high death rates for salmon,” the study said. On average, red elderberries are said to be ripening two and a half days earlier every decade. If the pattern continues, they will regularly overlap（重叠）with the salmon by 2070.
12. Brown bears have begun to favor ________ because of the climate change.
A. salmon
B. elderberries
C. warm temperatures
D. fresh water
13. What does William Deacy mean by saying the underlined sentence
A. Brown bears eat their breakfast and lunch at the same time.
B. We’re facing a hard problem with choosing the meals.
C. Climate change is disturbing the bears’ eating habits.
D. People’s biological clocks are changing regularly.
14. Which of the following words can best describe the phenomenon
A. Natural. B. Unusual.
C. Amazing. D. Typical.
15. The finding of the study shows us that ________.
A. brown bears may become bigger and bigger
B. there will be a higher death rate for the salmon
C. red elderberries will probably be ripening in summer
D. the changes of bears’ behavior could affect the entire ecosystem
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了棕熊行为的变化是受到气候变化的影响，同时棕熊行为的变化也会影响整个生态系统。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段Brown bears have stopped eating salmon（鲑鱼）in favor of elderberries after being forced to make a choice due to climate change.“由于气候变化，棕熊被迫做出选择，已经停止食用鲑鱼，而青睐于浆果。”可知，由于气候变化，棕熊现在喜欢吃浆果。故选B。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。本句的字面意思是“你所拥有的是时间表的混乱。”再根据下一段It’s essentially like if breakfast and lunch were served at the same time and then there is nothing to eat until dinner. You have to choose between breakfast and lunch because you can only eat so much at a time.“这好比是早餐和中餐一起吃，你一次只能吃那么多，所以你只能吃一餐。”可知，此处的“时间表”指的是饮食方面。所以可以猜测出William Deacy说这句话的意思是“气候变化正在扰乱熊的饮食习惯。”，也就是熊的行为受到了气候变化的影响，与文章开头相呼应。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段Biologists warned that changes caused by a warming planet were behind the bears’ unusual behavior and could affect the entire ecosystem.“生物学家警告说，由变暖的行星引起的变化是熊不寻常行为的背后原因，并可能影响整个生态系统。”可知，生物学家认为熊的这种行为是不寻常的。另外，根据文章可知这种现象又是以前没有的，所以我们可以推断出，棕熊的行为变化的这种现象是不同寻常的。故选B。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段Biologists warned that changes caused by a warming planet were behind the bears’ unusual behavior and could affect the entire ecosystem.“生物学家警告说，由变暖的行星引起的变化是熊不寻常行为的背后原因，并可能影响整个生态系统。”然后，文章又在接下来的三段里举例说明了熊行为的变化是如何影响整个生态系统的。所以可知，这个研究发现向我们展示了：熊行为的变化可能会影响整个生态系统。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Parents of children and teens who play football may worry about their bodies getting injury. Younger football players have the lowest chance of injury. ____16____ Therefore, it’s necessary for players to know the rules of playing football whether they are young or old. The following can be used to reduce the chance of injuries while players are still enjoying the game.
____17____ The American Academy of Pediatrics advises players and their families talk about whether the risks of injury outweighs the benefits of playing football. Football has many benefits, including regular exercise, learning to be part of a team,and social growth and development. Families who decide to play can take steps to reduce the chances of serious injury.
Play by the rules. When players know the rules of the game—what’s legal and what’s not—fewer injuries happen. ____18____ For example, players should know that in football they can’t come from behind, crash into a player’s legs, and steal the ball. It’s legal and safer to go after the ball rather than the player.
Wear legal equipment. ____19____ Because illegal equipment leads to serious injuries of the head and neck. It’s also the leading cause of severe injuries in football,but remember the protection of legal equipment doesn’t depend on its quantity.
Get good training. Players should learn the right way to use a tackle (装备). ____20____ Correct training could lower injury for younger players. Older players could be at a greater risk of injury if they first learn to use tackle and never learn the correct skill.
A. Take steps to lower football injury.
B. Weigh the risks and benefits.
C. The more legal equipment players wear, the less injury they will get.
D. Legal equipment can give football players important protection.
E. Players should know what to expect from each other.
F. Doing this and practicing the skills often make sure players are correctly trained.
G. As players get older, stronger and faster, the chance of injury goes up.
【答案】16. G 17. B 18. E 19. D 20. F
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。孩子或者青少年踢足球时，父母可能会担心他们的身体受伤。文章说明了一些可以减少受伤的方法。
【16题详解】
上文Younger football players have the lowest chance of injury.说明年轻的足球运动员受伤的几率最低，故本句承接上文继续说明年龄大的球员随着年龄的增长、身体的强壮和速度的加快，受伤的几率会增加。故G选项“随着球员年龄的增长、身体的强壮和速度的加快，受伤的几率会增加”符合上下文语境，故选G。
【17题详解】
根据下文The American Academy of Pediatrics advises players and their families talk about whether the risks of injury outweighs the benefits of playing football.可知美国儿科学会建议球员和他们的家人讨论受伤的风险是否大于踢足球的好处。由此可知本句总起全段是在说明要在踢足球的好处和受伤之间权衡利弊。故B选项“权衡利弊”符合上下文语境，故选B。
18题详解】
根据下文For example, players should know that in football they can’t come from behind, crash into a player’s legs, and steal the ball.可知例如，球员应该知道，在足球比赛中，他们不能从后面过来，撞到球员的腿上，然后偷球。由此可知本句是在说明球员之间应该知道该做什么，不该做什么，了解彼此的期望。故E选项“球员应该知道彼此的期望”符合上下文语境，故选E。
【19题详解】
根据下文Because illegal equipment leads to serious injuries of the head and neck.可知因为不合格装备会导致头部和颈部严重受伤，由此可知本句是在说明合格装备的重要性。故D选项“合格的装备可以给足球运动员提供重要的保护”符合上下文语境，选项中的的Legal equipment与上文的legal equipment和下文的illegal equipment呼应。故选D。
【20题详解】
根据下文Correct training could lower injury for younger players.可知正确的训练可以减少年轻球员的伤病。下文中Correct training可对应到correctly trained，故F选项“这样做和练习技能通常可以确保玩家得到正确的训练”符合上下文语境，故选F。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15 小题;每小题1分，满分15 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Les Brown is one of the world’s greatest ___21___. He is also a thought leader on self-improvement and goal-setting.
However, Les found it ___22___ to learn knowledge when he was a student. During his school days, he was thought as “___23___ to learn well” by the teachers and placed ___24___ from 6th grade to 5th grade. To make things worse, he had a twin brother who was rather ___25___ and talented, so Les was ___26___ by his classmates.
One day a teacher asked him to ___27___ a problem on the blackboard, but Les ___28___ and said that he couldn’t. “Of course you can,” the teacher replied ___29___. “Young man, come here and solve this problem for me.” “But I can’t,” insisted Les. “I’m a ____30____ boy.” The rest of the class burst (爆发) into ____31____ . At that point, the teacher stepped out from behind his desk and looked Les straight in the eye. “Don’t ever say that again,” he told him firmly. “Someone else’s ____32____ of you does not have to become your reality.”
Les never forgot those ____33____, and spent the rest of his life facing challenges, ____34____ and following his goals. Time and time again, thanks to the teacher’s powerful words, Les has been a famous speaker all over the world. Do remember: you have ____35____ within you.
21. A. writer B. speaker C. teacher D. leader
22. A. important B. easy C. difficult D. necessary
23. A. curious B. afraid C. eager D. unable
24. A. away B. back C. off D. forward
25. A. naughty B. stupid C. bright D. awkward
26. A. looked into B. cared about C. knocked down D. laughed at
27. A. discuss B. face C. solve D. choose
28. A. refused B. answered C. replied D. accepted
29. A. surprisingly B. anxiously C. angrily D. encouragingly
30. A. smart B. kind C. silly D. mean
31. A. laughter B. strength C. cheers D. tears
32. A. risk B. spirit C. regret D. opinion
33. A. sentences B. cry C. laughter D. words
34. A. setting B. missing C. achieving D. winning
35. A. happiness B. loneliness C. greatness D. darkness
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. D 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了伟大的演讲家Les Brown小时候因为学习成绩不好总受嘲笑，在老师的鼓励下找到自信，最后成功的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：莱斯·布朗是世界上最伟大的演说家之一。A. writer作者；B. speaker演讲家；C. teacher老师；D. leader领导者。根据最后一段“Les has been a famous speaker all over the world”可知，莱斯是一名演讲家。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，当莱斯还是个学生的时候，他发现学习知识很难。A. important重要的；B. easy容易的；C. difficult困难的；D. necessary必要的。根据“However”及下文“placed ___4___ from 6th grade to 5th grade”可知，莱斯小时候学习不好，所以觉得学习知识很困难。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在他上学的时候，老师认为他“学不好”，把他从六年级放回五年级。A. curious好奇的；B. afraid害怕的；C. eager渴望的；D. unable不能的。根据下文“placed ___4___ from 6th grade to 5th grade”可知，莱斯留级了，说明老师认为他学不好。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在他上学的时候，老师认为他“学不好”，把他从六年级放回五年级。A. away离开；B. back回来；C. off(从身体上脱、摘)下；D. forward向前。根据“from 6th grade to 5th grade”可知，老师认为莱斯学不好，就将他从六年级放回五年级。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，他有一个相当聪明和有才华的双胞胎兄弟，所以莱斯被同学们嘲笑。A. naughty调皮的；B. stupid愚蠢的；C. bright聪明的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据“and talented”可知，莱斯的哥哥很有学习天赋，所以是聪明的。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，他有一个相当聪明和有才华的双胞胎兄弟，所以莱斯被同学们嘲笑。A. looked into调查；B. cared about关心；C. knocked down击倒；D. laughed at嘲笑。根据前文讲到莱斯小时候学习不好及“To make things worse, he had a twin brother who was rather ___5___ and talented”表示莱斯的哥哥学习很不错，可知，同学们经常嘲笑莱斯。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，老师让他解决黑板上的一个问题，但莱斯拒绝了，说他不会。A. discuss讨论；B. face面对；C. solve解决；D. choose选择。根据“a problem on the blackboard”及下文“solve this problem for me”可知，老师要求莱斯解答黑板上的问题。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，老师让他解决黑板上的一个问题，但莱斯拒绝了，说他不会。A. refused拒绝；B. answered回答；C. replied回复；D. accepted接受。根据“and said that he couldn’t”可知，莱斯认为自己不能够解答问题，所以拒绝了。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“当然可以，”老师鼓励地回答。A. surprisingly惊讶地；B. anxiously焦急地；C. angrily生气地；D. encouragingly鼓励地。根据“Young man, come here and solve this problem for me.”可知，老师鼓励莱斯解答问题。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我是个傻孩子。A. smart聪明的；B. kind善良的；C. silly傻的，笨的；D. mean吝啬的，小气的。根据““But I can’t,” insisted Les.”可知，莱斯坚持自己解答不了问题，说自己很笨。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：全班其他人都大笑起来。A. laughter笑声；B. strength力气；C. cheers欢呼；D. tears眼泪。根据前文莱斯不敢回答问题及“The rest of the class burst into ___11___ .”可知，同学们看到莱斯不敢回答问题，听到了莱斯说自己很笨时，爆发出笑声。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：别人对你的看法不一定会成为你的现实。A. risk冒险；B. spirit精神；C. regret懊悔；D. opinion观点。根据“During his school days, he was thought as “___3___ to learn well” by the teachers and placed ___4___ from 6th grade to 5th grade.”可知，小时候的莱斯学习不好，被老师认为学不好，但是这位老师却告诉莱斯别人的想法和观点不一定就是真的。故选D项。
33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：莱斯从来没有忘记这些话，他的余生都在面对挑战，制定并遵循他的目标。A. sentences句子；B. cry哭喊；C. laughter笑声；D. words话语。根据上文““Don’t ever say that again,” he told him firmly. “Someone else’s ___12___ of you does not have to become your reality.””及下文“thanks to the teacher’s powerful words”可知，是老师的话语鼓励了莱斯。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：莱斯从来没有忘记这些话，他的余生都在面对挑战，制定并遵循他的目标。A. setting设置，制定；B. missing想念，错过；C. achieving获得，实现；D. winning赢。根据“and following his goals”及第一段“He is also a thought leader on self-improvement and goal-setting.”可知，莱斯学会了面对挑战，制定目标，再遵循目标。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：记住：你的内心是伟大的。A. happiness快乐；B. loneliness孤独；C. greatness伟大，巨大；D. darkness黑暗。根据“Les has been a famous speaker all over the world.”并结合全文内容可知，文章讲述了莱斯小时候学习成绩不好不被看好，但是在一位老师的鼓励下，找到了自己的潜力，发现了内心的伟大，最后成功变成了演讲家。此处表示“记住：你的内心是伟大的。”故选C项。
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A hurricane happens together with heavy rainfall, thus ___36___ (result) in destroying flood. The centre of a hurricane is called the eye. While most of a hurricane has dangerously strong winds, the eye is ___37___ (actual) a calm area in the storm. When the eye of a hurricane passes overland, people might think it’s over, only ___38___ (find) the wind and rain increase again, because the ___39___ (two) part of the hurricane moves through.
There is no way to stop a hurricane or make it change direction, so if you ever find ___40___ (you) in the path of a hurricane, be sure to remember the following ___41___ (safe) tips:
* Be sure you have a radio, batteries, fresh drinking water, and enough food, ___42___ will help you survive.
* Tell neighbours, friends, and family members your emergency plans. Tell them where you should go if you need to leave your home.
*If living near the ocean, leave your home and travel ___43___ a safe place. You could stay with a friend or a family member, in a hotel, or in ___44___ emergency shelter area.
* Stay inside during the storm. You could ___45___ (injure) seriously if you go outside.
【答案】36. resulting
37. actually
38. to find
39. second 40. yourself
41. safety 42. which 43. to 44. an
45. be injured
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。介绍了飓风发生的成因及如何在飓风期间保持安全的指南。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：飓风与强降雨同时发生，从而导致毁灭性洪水。happens为谓语动词，空处无连词与前文连接，用作非谓语动词，结合thus可知，空处为前文的结果，表示自然而然的结果，用现在分词形式resulting。故填resulting。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：虽然大多数飓风都有危险的强风，但风眼实际上是风暴中的平静区域。空处修饰整个主句，表示“事实上”，用副词actually作状语。故填actually。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当飓风的风眼经过陆地时，人们可能会认为它结束了，但却发现风雨再次增加，因为飓风的第二部分经过了。空处无连词与前文连接，用非谓语动词，结合only和句意可知，发现风雨再次增加是意外的结果，用动词不定式形式作结果状语。故填to find。
【39题详解】
考查序数词。句意同上。空处修饰part，结合句意，表示“第二”用序数词second。故填second。
【40题详解】
考查代词。句意：没有办法阻止飓风或让它改变方向，所以如果你发现自己处于飓风的路径上，一定要记住以下安全提示。find的宾语与主语都是一个人，空处用反身代词yourself“你自己”。故填yourself。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意同上。空处修饰tips，表示“安全指示”用safety tips，名词作定语。故填safety。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：确保你有一台收音机、电池、新鲜的饮用水和足够的食物，这些将有助于你生存。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a radio, batteries, fresh drinking water, and enough food，表示物，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导从句。故填which。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：如果住在海边，离开你的家，跑去一个安全的地方。travel to意思为：去，前往。故填to。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：你可以和朋友或家人住在一起，也可以住在酒店或紧急避难所。emergency shelter area为可数名词，此处为泛指，用不定冠词，emergency以元音音素开始发音，不定冠词用an。故填an。
【45题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：如果你出去，你可能会受重伤。情态动词could后面用动词原形，you和injure构成被动关系，用被动语态could be injured。故填be injured。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，将代表学校参加由动物保护协会组织的英语演讲比赛，比赛主题为Joining me in protecting animals。请你根据该主题写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
1. 保护动物的重要性；
2. 保护动物的方法或建议；
3. 呼吁大家一起保护动物。
注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Ladies and gentlemen,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thanks for your listening.
【答案】Ladies and gentlemen,
As we know, animals are very important to us. However, nowadays many wild animals are in danger of extinction. Therefore, it is high time that we took effective measures to protect them.
First of all, raising public awareness of animal protection is a priority, which helps people develop a sense of responsibility. Besides, the government should make and pass laws to forbid hunting wild animals. Last but not least, more nature reserves should be set up to provide shelter for the wildlife.
Let’s join our hands to protect the wild animals!
That’s all. Thanks for your listening.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生根据“Joining me in protecting animals”为主题写一篇演讲稿，说明保护野生动物的重要性，提出保护动物的方法或者建议，并呼吁大家保护动物。
【详解】1.词汇积累
重要的：important→essential
保护：protect→preserve
此外：besides→in addition
禁止：forbid→ban
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：However, nowadays many wild animals are in danger of extinction.
拓展句：However, nowadays many wild animals are in danger of extinction because they lose their land and hunters hunt them for their valuable body parts.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Therefore, it is high time that we took effective measures to protect them.（运用了it is high time…固定句型和虚拟语气）
【高分句型2】First of all, raising public awareness of animal protection is a priority, which helps people develop a sense of responsibility.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句和动名词短语作主语）
第二节(满分25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On the walk home from school, my friend, Cherry, happily said, “Tomorrow is Mother’s Day. I’ve been saving up for the past month and plan to buy my mother the perfume (香水) she’s been wanting for so long.” Her excitement made me realize that I hadn’t prepared anything special yet. But I only had a little money left. I began to regret spending so much on snacks every day. “See you next week!” Cherry’s voice pulled me back to reality. We waved goodbye as she went into a perfume shop.
I continued walking along the road, carefully thinking about what gift I should choose. I planned to buy something like flowers or chocolate, but now it seemed like those were way too simple. Therefore, I pushed open the door to a mall (商场) and tried to find the perfect gift. The bright lights illuminated (照亮) the collection of various goods. I picked up a lipstick (口红) but immediately (立即) put it back after seeing its price. I could never afford that! Then I walked into another shop and saw a lovely cup. This cup, besides being beautiful, would also remind my mother to drink water. It’d be a wonderful gift. I picked it up and turned it over to see the price listed, hoping it was not too expensive. But once again, I couldn’t afford it even with all the money that I had. Feeling sad, I continued to wander around the shops. Time flew by quickly, and before I knew it, the sky began to darken, so I had to go home.
Since there was no time or money for me to pick out a gift, I decided to make a simple card. When I finished, the clock on my bedroom wall struck 11 p.m. I held up the card, examining its hardcover, handwritten letters, and the tiny pictures I’d drawn of my mom and me. It’s probably never going to compare to the expensive gifts that my friends bought for their mothers, I thought sadly.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Soon, morning came, and it was time to give my mother my handmade card.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“I love this card!” My mother said excitedly.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Soon, morning came, and it was time to give my mother my handmade card. I prepared myself to see the disappointment on my mother’s face as I went into the kitchen. My mother was already preparing Sunday breakfast for the family. The smells of pancakes and fried eggs filled the whole room. “Hey, Mom,” I said and walked over to her. She put down the plate and turned around. I took out the card shyly and said, “Happy Mother’s Day!”
“I love this card!” My mother said excitedly. I was surprised to see how much she liked the simple card. “But it’s not expensive or special,” I said, lowering my head. “This is the most special gift ever. Thank you so much for your effort,” my mother said gently. These words encouraged me. I told my mother my worries. She told me that the price doesn’t matter at all and that what truly counts is the thoughtfulness and love behind the gift. I finally broke into a smile, realizing the true value of my card.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者打算送给妈妈一件母亲节的礼物，起初想买一款香水，但是钱不够了，打算买鲜花或者巧克力，又觉得太简单了，后来又想着买口红或者杯子，最终因为太贵放弃了，最终作者决定自己做一张亲情贺卡送给妈妈，但又怕妈妈觉得太不值钱会不喜欢，所以在送礼物时非常忐忑，结果妈妈非常高兴，这让作者明白了价格根本不重要，真正重要的是礼物背后的体贴和爱。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“很快，早晨到了，是时候把我亲手制作的贺卡送给妈妈了。”可知，第一段可描写作者送给妈妈贺卡之前时的忐忑。
②由第二段首句内容““我喜欢这张卡片！”妈妈兴奋地说。”可知，第二段可描写妈妈看到作者亲手做的贺卡时的喜欢以及妈妈的解释和我明白的道理。
2.续写线索：我的忐忑——厨房里妈妈的忙碌——送礼物——妈妈的惊讶与开心——我的不解——妈妈的解释——我的感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①准备：prepare/make preparations
②放下：put down/lay down
③低下头：lower one’s head/bend one’s head
情绪类
①吃惊的：surprised/amazed/shocked
②温柔地：gently/softly
【点睛】【高分句型1】She told me that the price doesn’t matter at all and that what truly counts is the thoughtfulness and love behind the gift.(运用了that引导的宾语从句和what引导的主语从句)
【高分句型2】I finally broke into a smile, realizing the true value of my card.(运用了现在分词短语作状语)
