2024届普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标Ⅰ卷）英语模拟试题(含解析)
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2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标Ⅰ卷）
英语
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡上。
2. 选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Bring It On:The Musical
Bitingly relevant and inspired by the hit film of the same name, Bring It On takes audiences on a high-flying journey that is filled with the complexities of friendship, forgiveness and self-definition.
Uniting some of the freshest and funniest creative minds on Broadway, Bring It On features an original story by Tony Award winner Jeff Whitty, music and lyrics by Tony Award-winning composer Lin-Manuel Miranda, and music supervision by Tony and Grammy Award winner Alex Lacamoire. The production is directed and staged by Tony Award winner Andy Blankenbuehler. It was proposed as a candidate for the Tony Award for Best Musical.
Campbell, the main character, is a cheer-leading star at Truman High School and her senior year should prove the most joyful — she’s been named captain of the team! However,an unexpected redistricting has forced her to spend her final year of high school at the neighboring Jackson High School. Despite challenges, Campbell befriends the school’s dance crew. Together with their headstrong and hardworking leader, Danielle, they form a powerful team for the ultimate competition — the National Championships.
The show’s name alone will fill the seats, and audience’s word of mouth will pack the house. With a colorful variety of characters and an exciting fresh sound, Bring It On is sure to be everything that you hoped for.
1．Who wrote the story that Bring It On is based on
A．Lin-Manuel Miranda. B．Jeff Whitty
C．Andy Blankenbuehler. D．Alex Lacamoire.
2．What can we learn about The Musical Bring It On
A．Campbell met great difficulties at first in her new school.
B．It won the Tony Award for Best Musical for its creativity.
C．Campbell changed her school to be the captain of the team.
D．It was adapted from a movie focusing on a complex journey.
3．What is the text
A．A short story. B．An introduction to a theater.
C．A film review. D．An advertisement of a play.
B
As a hockey parent, while watching my son played from Mite to Bantam, House League to Travel, I’ve learned that losing may be best for kids.
In his third season in 2019, my son’s team never lost more than three straight games. There was happiness, boasting, celebration, pizza. In short, it was a typically good youth hockey season. He improved as a player, but did not much change as a person.
However, what happened the next year added its story to the legends of sporting incompetence. Not merely weak but prettily bad, this team lost 40 of their first 50 games, most of the defeats coming in the course of two losing streaks. For a time, I worried that these streaks would kill my child’s love of the game.
But that’s not what happened. As bad as it got, the losing was clarifying. It weeded out the kids who were in it less for the game than the glory, leaving just the die-hards behind. What started as a list of 17 of the team was cut down to 12. It was especially instructive for the kids. It taught him a great truth of the world: For everyone good, there is someone better.
What’s more, the kids were learning the game in a way that only losing can teach. Each player got to play everywhere, to learn and appreciate the role of every position on the ice. They kept an eye on their opponents too, studying and incorporating the tricks of success. In an effort to break the streak, they went back to basics, accepted the wisdom of the hockey ancients: If playing like a team, they can defeat a collection of all-stars; If doing small and unappreciated tasks well, they can get the goal.
This new team had character and could never be counted out, no matter the score. They had learned the most important lesson: You can lose without being beaten. They squeaked into the state tournament, then made it all the way to the final, where the winner was decided in overtime. When they lost that game and went into the handshake line, it was not as runners-up but as a team that had been made into winners in the only way that will stick — by losing.
4．What does the author think about the son’s team in the third season in 2019
A．The team had a bad performance.
B．The team didn’t live up to the author’s expectations.
C．The team played typically well and won all the games.
D．The team didn’t have the spirit of facing failure.
5．What does the underlined word “clarify” refer to
A．The losing made the kids better understand hockey.
B．The losing helped the kids learn a great truth of the world.
C．The losing separated true player from those playing for glory.
D．The losing boosted the kids’ teamwork.
6．According to the author, what have the son’s team learned
A．For everything big, there is something bigger.
B．Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst.
C．God helps those who help themselves.
D．The hardest battle you’re going to fight is the battle to be just you.
7．What is the best title for the passage
A．How Kids Can Deal With Losing
B．What Kids Can Learn From Losing
C．Why Kids Can Benefit From Losing
D．How Kids Can Get Over From Losing
C
The words “caring” and “empathetic” (共情的) aren’t ones normally associated with technology. Yearsley, an Australian enterpriser who is expert in artificial intelligence (AI), is trying to change that.
Yearsley is the founder of Akin, a robotics startup that currently uses a tablet-based system to help users manage the tasks related to home life, whether that’s planning meals or reminding you to pay your cell phone bill. Current home devices made by Google or Amazon or Apple use predictive AI to track patterns, strengthen behaviors and manipulate (操控) buying decisions, some of which, she assumes, are questionable or just unhealthy.
In contrast, the AI that she is developing will be designed to run the human home, encouraging healthful decisions such as taking a nightly walk, refilling the fridge and supporting social interactions like lunches or birthday celebrations with friends. “It’s the hardest AI I have ever built for it’s a complex system,” Yearsley says.
Yearsley began developing the Akin technology in 2017, when she realized the need to better manage the home is hugely ignored. Besides, she realized that women unequally bear the burden of household work. A United Nations’ report estimates that women do2.6 times the amount of unpaid care and domestic work that men do, or close to 30 hours per week in the U. S. alone.
While Yearsley pictures an army of robots someday helping with routine homemade tasks, the first display for Akin will take time and money. Akin has received some early seed money from a handful of investors, and was recently selected as a finalist for tech giant LG Nova’s Mission for the Future program, an annual challenge that seeks to identify businesses having potential to improve life and lead society into the future.
8．What might the Akin’s AI system suggest
A．Consuming more drinks to enjoy yourself. B．Staying up late working to make more money.
C．Spending more time staying with your family. D．Purchasing products that may attract you.
9．What made Yearsley develop the Akin’s AI system
A．The high cost of current home devices. B．Akin’s becoming a finalist for a program.
C．Financial support from investors. D．Heavy burden of housewives.
10．What can be used to describe the Akin’s AI system
A．Questionable and unhealthy. B．Unstable and insecure.
C．Thoughtful and innovative. D．Mature and ideal.
11．What’s the purpose of the text
A．To introduce a futuristic AI system. B．To compare two companies’ AI systems.
C．To call on people to care about housewives. D．To seek support for an AI expert.
D
Have you ever found yourself having intrusive (侵扰的) thoughts about something you haven’t finished Maybe a half-done work project is keeping you up at night or the suspenseful plot of a novel you’re reading keeps circling your thoughts. There is a reason why it’s so hard to stop thinking about uncompleted and interrupted tasks, and psychologists called it the Zeigarnik effect (Z-effect).
The Ziegarnik effect was first observed by a Russian psychologist named Bluma Zeigarnik. While sitting in a busy restaurant in Vienna, Ziegarnik noted that the waiters had better memories of unpaid orders. Once the bill was paid, however, the waiters had trouble remembering the exact details of the orders.
Zeigarnik did a series of experiments, in which participants were asked to complete simple tasks such as putting together puzzles, or solving math problems. Half of the participants were interrupted partway through doing these tasks. After an hour-long wait, Zeigarnik asked the participants to describe what they had been working on. She discovered that the people who had been interrupted in their work were twice as likely to remember what they had been doing as the people who had been able to complete the tasks.
We are living in an information explosion era, and we need mental tricks to help us remember a great deal of information. The Zeigarnik effect serves as a prime example. We hold on to information in the short term by constantly pulling it back into our awareness. By thinking of uncompleted tasks often, we’re more likely to keep remembering them until they get done.
The Zeigarnik effect tells us a lot about how memory works and you can use the Zeigarnik effect to your advantage. If you are struggling to memorize something important, momentary interruptions might work to your advantage. Rather than simply repeating the information, review it a few times, and then take a break. Nevertheless, leaving too many tasks unfinished can lead to feelings of overwhelm and anxiety. Therefore, it’s crucial to use this effect wisely in practical applications.
12．What is the typical characteristic of the Z-effect
A．Tending to memorize unfinished tasks. B．Trying to finish various tasks at a time.
C．Performing terribly during a task. D．Suspending an uncompleted task.
13．What is the function of paragraph 3
A．To classify a concept. B．To provide further evidence.
C．To stress the experiment’s complexity. D．To add some background information.
14．Which is a practical application of the Z-effect
A．Reading a whole story in one breath.
B．Producing a drama with unexpected endings.
C．Keeping several windows open on your computer.
D．Airing ads during the suspenseful moments in a TV series.
15．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．The Z-Effect: How Interruptions Enhance Memory
B．The Z-Effect: How to Boost Recall of Finished Tasks
C．The Power of Completing Tasks Ahead of Schedule
D．The Tricks of Developing Long-term Memory
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Comparison Is the Thief of Joy
As an athlete in the digital age, you will find comparison is everywhere. 16 Event results, club time trials and social media accounts all give instant access to what everyone else is doing and what times they are getting, often right next to our own achievements. If we are not where we want to be it can feel horrible.
17 As humans we seek connection and a sense of belonging. This means we are continually assessing ourselves against others to check we still fit in with those we perceive to be like us. The issue in athletics is you are comparing uncontrollable outputs rather than intentional inputs so you might feel disappointed, your confidence can suffer a blow and your performance may decline. Here are some essential strategies to protect yourself from comparison.
The first way you might want to handle this comparison is not to try to ignore those you measure yourself against. 18 Is it envy, shame, sadness or unfairness With this knowledge you can consider more specific ways to improve your own athletics journey.
Secondly, if you feel bad when comparing, it might suggest you are not happy with your own fitness or results. 19 Think about where you would like to be athletically in six months’ time and which elements you will need in place to get there: fitness, coaching, strength and conditioning, nutrition, or support.
Score where you currently are with each so you can see which will require most work to improve. When you have this list of improvements you can turn each into a process goal to achieve weekly. ____20
A．Use this as the drive to goal setting.
B．Psychologically, comparisons make sense.
C．When comparing too much, we usually feel rubbish.
D．This helps you see you’re moving in the right direction.
E．Therefore, you can do nothing but accept the comparison.
F．It usually requires less effort to compare ourselves with others.
G．Instead, care about what feeling it is they are stimulating within you.
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was three, I had a very good friend named Gemma. She was fearless where I was anxious, rebellious where I was conservative, and 21 where I was awkward. She was also entirely imaginary. With Gemma’s support, I almost made it to the top shelf of the bookcase before my parents found me — and “Gemma said it was fine!” did not 22 me from a telling-off (责骂).
I cannot remember when or how I “met” Gemma, and, perhaps sadder still, I do not remember the 23 time I “saw” her. 24 my brain created her, she inspired me to go on adventures I would not have had the confidence to embark upon without her. It 25 me, then, that 72 percent of nursery workers believe children have fewer imaginary friends than they did five years ago, as is shown by a recent survey. This is believed to be a result of 26 screen time.
It is thought that 40 percent of us at one time or another had imaginary friends during our 27 . In an essay for Aeon, writer Sophie Elmhirst found that 81 percent of those surveyed had “lost” their imaginary friends after they turned ten, but most of these friendships ended 28 . Perhaps imaginary friends simply stay with us for as long as we need them. They move on when our lives become too 29 for our brains to make space to generate their own entertainment.
If you have enjoyed an imaginary friendship, I would guess that you did not 30 sit down to create a perfect pal. They probably arrived as an indication of the thoughts and ideas you never knew you had. In order to be a good 31 to an imaginary friend, you need to be able to make “what if ” into an exciting proposition. When we grow up, we are too quick to finish the sentence with “what if it goes wrong ”
Having grown up, we might not need our imaginary friends anymore, but we could still use a reminder that a little bit of boredom is good for us, and that our brains can create the best ideas when they are left to their own devices. If there are fewer imaginary friends 32 the worlds where our children live, that might lead to a future with fewer artists, writers and problem-solvers. This is a real cause for 33 .
As an adult, I think of my fearless, invisible friend Gemma whenever I have to do something that 34 me — usually public speaking, rather than scaling a bookcase. However, whenever I 35 my own expectations and meet myself in a place that I did not think I could quite reach, I can hear my subconscious whispering, “Gemma made me do it.”
21．A．adaptable B．generous C．disturbing D．skillful
22．A．benefit B．conceal C．ban D．save
23．A．first B．last C．latest D．previous
24．A．As if B．As long as C．Even though D．Given that
25．A．convinces B．recalls C．reminds D．saddens
26．A．easy B．decreased C．hard D．increased
27．A．adolescence B．adulthood C．babyhood D．childhood
28．A．accidentally B．dramatically C．naturally D．unfortunately
29．A．secure B．instructive C．full D．productive
30．A．consciously B．invisibly C．personally D．realistically
31．A．boss B．companion C．expert D．instructor
32．A．challenging B．limiting C．locating D．populating
33．A．boredom B．concern C．imagination D．limitation
34．A．defeats B．encourages C．inspires D．scares
35．A．am short of B．go against C．go beyond D．live up to
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Following the barbecue-induced travel craze to the city of Zibo in East China, Chinese social media has once again highlighted the next internet-famous city worthy of 36 (explore).
This time it’s Tianshui, a low-key city in China’s Gansu province that 37 (take) the spotlight recently. It has attracted considerable attention 38 food enthusiasts and social media influencers online, 39 (celebrate) the city’s iconic dish of hot pot.
Known as Tianshui Malatang, which 40 (literal) means spicy and hot, the local dish is popular for its large portion of skewered meat, vegetables, 41 hand-made potato noodles in a pot of boiling broth (肉汤).
Two food bloggers, with over 3 million followers in their account on the popular Chinese Weibo, 42 (be) among the influencers praising the deliciousness of Tianshui Malatang. Their vlogs show eager food enthusiasts lining up on the streets, many of 43 traveled from cities far away.
Dong Liangyan, 29, from Daqing in Heilongjiang province, 44 (locate) more than 2,000 km away from Tianshui, told Xinhua that she was absolutely delighted 45 (enjoy) the local delicacy.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
46．假定你是李华，你校将于下周末举办英语朗诵比赛（recitation competition），请给你的外教Mr. Wesley写一封电子邮件，请他给你指导一下英语发音。内容包括：
1. 朗诵比赛情况介绍；
2. 请求老师帮助；
3. 附带你的朗读录音。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mr. Wesley,
How is everything going with you
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In Whitney High School, Cerritos, California, which was known for its academic excellence and competitive atmosphere, there were two friends, Sam and Emily, who were preparing for their final exams. Sam and Emily were best friends and had always studied together. Sam was naturally gifted in mathematics, while Emily excelled in history. As their final exams approached, they promised to help each other with their weaker subjects.
They spent weeks preparing, exchanging notes, and quizzing each other. Sam helped Emily understand complex mathematics problems, and Emily helped Sam remember historical dates and events. Their friendship grew stronger as they worked towards their common goal.
However, as the exam day neared, Sam started to feel huge pressure. His parents had high expectations, and he was afraid of letting them down. He began to doubt his abilities, especially in history, which was his weakest subject. Emily noticed Sam’s anxiety and tried to reassure him, but Sam’s stress only seemed to increase. The night before the history exam, Sam admitted to Emily that he was considering cheating because he was so afraid of failing.
Emily was shocked and disappointed. She reminded Sam of all the hard work they had put in and the serious consequences cheating could have. She told him that it was better to try and fail honestly than to succeed through dishonesty.
On the day of the history exam, Sam was extremely nervous. He remembered Emily’s words and knew she was right. He decided to face the exam honestly, using what he had learned from their study sessions.
During the exam, Sam struggled with some of the questions, but he did his best to answer them without turning to cheating. When the exam ended, he felt a mix of relief and uncertainty. He had stuck to his values, but he wasn’t sure if he had done enough to pass the subject.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
A few weeks later, the exam results were announced. _____________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The experience of preparing for and taking the exams strengthened the bond between Sam and Emily. ______________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2024新课标一卷英语模拟试题
参考答案及解析
1．B 2．A 3．D
【导语】本文为一篇应用文，为音乐剧《魅力四射》的一则广告。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Uniting some of the freshest and funniest creative minds on Broadway, Bring It On features an original story by Tony Award winner Jeff Whitty, music and lyrics by Tony Award-winning composer Lin-Manuel Miranda, and music supervision by Tony and Grammy Award winner Alex Lacamoire.(《魅力四射》汇集了百老汇最新鲜、最有趣的创意思想，由托尼奖得主杰夫·惠蒂创作的原创故事，由托尼奖获奖作曲家林-曼努埃尔·米兰达作曲，由托尼和格莱美奖得主亚历克斯·拉卡莫雷担任音乐监督)”可知，杰夫·惠蒂创作了这部电影的故事。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Campbell, the main character, is a cheer-leading star at Truman High School and her senior year should prove the most joyful — she’s been named captain of the team! However,an unexpected redistricting has forced her to spend her final year of high school at the neighboring Jackson High School. Despite challenges, Campbell befriends the school’s dance crew.(主角坎贝尔是杜鲁门高中的啦啦队明星，她的最后一年应该是最快乐的——她被任命为球队的队长！然而，一次意外的选区重划迫使她在邻近的杰克逊高中度过高中最后一年。尽管困难重重，坎贝尔还是和学校的舞团成为了朋友)”可知，坎贝尔一开始在新学校杰克逊高中遇到了很大的困难。故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The show’s name alone will fill the seats, and audience’s word of mouth will pack the house. With a colorful variety of characters and an exciting fresh sound, Bring It On is sure to be everything that you hoped for.(单是节目的名字就能填满座位，观众的口口相传也能让观众满座。丰富多彩的角色和令人兴奋的新鲜声音，《魅力四射》肯定是你所希望的一切)”可推知，本文是音乐剧《魅力四射》的一则广告。故选D。
4．D 5．C 6．A 7．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的孩子和其队友打曲棍球，他们从不断的失败中学到了一些教训。
4．推理判断题。根据第二段“In his third season in 2019, my son’s team never lost more than three straight games. There was happiness, boasting, celebration, pizza. In short, it was a typically good youth hockey season. He improved as a player, but did not much change as a person.(2019年是我儿子的第三个赛季，他所在的球队从未输过3场以上的比赛。有快乐，有吹嘘，有庆祝，有披萨。简而言之，这是一个典型的优秀青年曲棍球赛季。作为一名球员，他有了进步，但作为一个人，他并没有太大的变化)”可知，2019年的第三个赛季，作者儿子的球队非常优秀，虽然失败过，但是还是很开心，并没有真正体会到失败带给他们的影响。由此推知，作者认为儿子的球队缺乏面对失败的精神。故选D。
5．指代猜测题。根据划线单词下文“It weeded out the kids who were in it less for the game than the glory, leaving just the die-hards behind.(它淘汰了那些不是为了比赛，而是为了荣誉的孩子，只留下了顽固分子)”可知，虽然孩子的球队比赛失败，但是失败让一切变得很明朗，因为这淘汰了那些不是为了比赛，而是为了荣誉的孩子，只留下了顽固分子。由此可推知，划线单词clarify代指下文内容，即失败将真正的球员和为荣誉而战的球员分开了。故选C。
6．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“They had learned the most important lesson: You can lose without being beaten. They squeaked into the state tournament, then made it all the way to the final, where the winner was decided in overtime. When they lost that game and went into the handshake line, it was not as runners-up but as a team that had been made into winners in the only way that will stick — by losing.(他们学到了最重要的一课：你可以输但不被打败。他们勉强进入州锦标赛，然后一路进入决赛，在加时赛中决出冠军。当他们输掉比赛，进入握手的行列时，他们并不是作为亚军，而是作为一支以唯一的方式——失败——成为赢家的球队)”可知，作者儿子的团队虽然失败了，但他们不断进步，不断面对更大的挑战，成为更好的自己。由此可推知，作者认为，孩子们学到的教训是：对于强大的挑战，要不断进步，因为总有更大挑战在等着你。故选A。
7．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“I’ve learned that losing may be best for kids.(我明白了输球对孩子来说可能是最好的)”和最后一段中的“They had learned the most important lesson: You can lose without being beaten. They squeaked into the state tournament, then made it all the way to the final, where the winner was decided in overtime. When they lost that game and went into the handshake line, it was not as runners-up but as a team that had been made into winners in the only way that will stick — by losing.(他们学到了最重要的一课：你可以输但不被打败。他们勉强进入州锦标赛，然后一路进入决赛，在加时赛中决出冠军。当他们输掉比赛，进入握手的行列时，他们并不是作为亚军，而是作为一支以唯一的方式——失败——成为赢家的球队)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者的孩子和其队友打曲棍球，他们从不断的失败中学到了一些教训。由此可知，B选项“What Kids Can Learn From Losing(孩子们能从失败中学到什么)”适合作文章最佳标题。故选B。
8．C 9．D 10．C 11．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了Akin公司的一套未来人工智能系统。
8．推理判断题。根据第三段“In contrast, the AI that she is developing will be designed to run the human home, encouraging healthful decisions such as taking a nightly walk, refilling the fridge and supporting social interactions like lunches or birthday celebrations with friends.(相比之下，她正在开发的人工智能将被设计为管理人类的家庭，鼓励健康的决定，比如晚上散步，给冰箱加满食物，支持与朋友共进午餐或庆祝生日等社交互动)”可知Akin的人工智能系统支持与家人一起度过更多时间。故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据第四段“Yearsley began developing the Akin technology in 2017, when she realized .the need to better manage the home is hugely ignored. Besides, she realized that women unequally bear the burden of household work.(Yearsley在2017年开始开发Akin技术，当时她意识到更好地管理家庭的需求被严重忽视。此外，她意识到女性承担家务的负担是不平等的)”可知，Yearsley的AI系统研发的因素之一就是家庭主妇和照顾者的沉重负担。故选D。
10．推理判断题。根据第二段“Current home devices made by Google or Amazon or Apple use predictive AI to track patterns, strengthen behaviors and manipulate (操控) buying decisions, some of which, she assumes, are questionable or just unhealthy.(目前由谷歌、亚马逊或苹果生产的家用设备使用预测性人工智能来跟踪模式、强化行为并操控购买决策。其中有一些，她认为，是有问题的或者不健康的)”和第三段的“In contrast, the Al that she is developing will be designed to run the human home, encouraging healthful decisions such as taking a nightly walk, refilling the fridge and supporting social interactions like lunches or birthday celebrations with friends.(相比之下，她正在开发的人工智能将被设计为管理人类的家庭，鼓励健康的决定，比如晚上散步，给冰箱加满食物，支持与朋友共进午餐或庆祝生日等社交互动。)”可知，Akin公司的人工智能系统是考虑周到的且新颖的。故选C。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Akin has received some early seed money from a handful of investors, and was recently selected as a finalist for tech giant LG Nova’s Mission for the Future program, an annual challenge that seeks to identify businesses having potential to improve life and lead society into the future.( Akin已经从一些投资者那里获得了一些早期种子资金，最近还入选了科技巨头LG Nova的“未来使命”项目的决赛名单，该项目是一个年度挑战，旨在寻找有潜力改善生活、引领社会走向未来的企业)”并结合全文可知，本文的目的是介绍Akin公司的一套未来人工智能系统。故选A。
12．A 13．B 14．D 15．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了什么是Z效应以及这一心理现象发现的背景和实际应用。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段“There is a reason why it’s so hard to stop thinking about uncompleted and interrupted tasks, and psychologists called it the Zeigarnik effect (Z-effect).(人们很难不去想那些未完成或被打断的任务，这是有原因的，心理学家称之为Zeigarnik效应（Z效应）)”可知，Z效应的典型特征是倾向于记忆未完成的任务。故选A。
13．推理判断题。根据第三段“Zeigarnik did a series of experiments, in which participants were asked to complete simple tasks such as putting together puzzles, or solving math problems. Half of the participants were interrupted partway through doing these tasks. After an hour-long wait, Zeigarnik asked the participants to describe what they had been working on. She discovered that the people who had been interrupted in their work were twice as likely to remember what they had been doing as the people who had been able to complete the tasks.(Zeigarnik做了一系列的实验，参与者被要求完成简单的任务，比如拼拼图，或者解决数学问题。一半的参与者在完成这些任务的过程中被打断。等了一个小时后，Zeigarnik让参与者描述他们一直在做什么。她发现，那些在工作中被打断的人比那些能够完成任务的人更容易记得自己在做什么)”可知，第3段的功能是提供进一步的证据。故选B。
14．推理判断题。根据第三段“She discovered that the people who had been interrupted in their work were twice as likely to remember what they had been doing as the people who had been able to complete the tasks.(她发现，那些在工作中被打断的人比那些能够完成任务的人更容易记得自己在做什么)”以及第四段“We hold on to information in the short term by constantly pulling it back into our awareness. By thinking of uncompleted tasks often, we’re more likely to keep remembering them until they get done. (我们通过不断地将信息拉回我们的意识，在短期内保持信息。通过经常想着未完成的任务，我们更有可能一直记住它们，直到它们完成)”可知，在电视剧的悬疑时刻播放广告是Z效应的实际应用。故选D。
15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Have you ever found yourself having intrusive (侵扰的) thoughts about something you haven’t finished Maybe a half-done work project is keeping you up at night or the suspenseful plot of a novel you’re reading keeps circling your thoughts. There is a reason why it’s so hard to stop thinking about uncompleted and interrupted tasks, and psychologists called it the Zeigarnik effect (Z-effect).(你是否曾经发现自己对尚未完成的事情有侵入性的想法？也许一个未完成的工作项目让你夜不能寐，或者你正在阅读的一本悬疑小说的情节一直萦绕在你的脑海里。人们很难不去想那些未完成或被打断的任务，这是有原因的，心理学家称之为Zeigarnik效应（Z效应）)”结合文章主要说明了什么是Z效应以及这一心理现象发现的背景和实际应用。可知，A选项“Z效应：干扰如何增强记忆”最符合文章标题。故选A。
16．F 17．B 18．G 19．A 20．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。在通讯媒体和社交软件非常发达的今天，竞技运动员每天都有意无意的可以看到很多的和自己相关的比赛项目，时时刻刻会了解到竞争对手的训练情况，而这一切都会让运动员产生一种比较的心理。这无形之中会给运动员带来很多心理上和训练时的压力，如何正确看待这些不可避免的比较，甚至是利用好这些比较，是他们所要面对和思考的问题。本文分析了这种社会现象并给出了一些建议和方法。
16．根据上文“As an athlete in the digital age, you will find comparison is everywhere. (作为数字时代的运动员，你会发现比较无处不在。)”以及下文“Event results, club time trials and social media accounts all give instant access to what everyone else is doing and what times they are getting (活动结果、俱乐部计时赛和社交媒体账户都可以即时访问其他人在做什么以及他们的时间)” 可知，上文讲到比较在生活中无处不在，下文又说任何一场比赛赛事、比赛结果和其他运动员的训练情况都时时刻刻呈现在我们眼前。由此可知，这种比较极其容易产生，且非常普遍。F项“It usually requires less effort to compare ourselves with others. (将自己与他人进行比较通常需要较少的努力。)”承上启下，符合语境，故选F项。
17．根据下文“As humans we seek connection and a sense of belonging. This means we are continually assessing ourselves against others to check we still fit in with those we perceive to be like us.(作为人类，我们寻求联系和归属感。这意味着我们不断地将自己与他人进行比较，以检查自己是否与我们认为与自己相似的人合得来。)”可知，人们比较是为了检查自己是否与我们认为与自己相似的人合得来，这源于心理上追求一种群体归属感、圈子认同感；B项“Psychologically, comparisons make sense. (从心理学角度讲，比较是有意义的。)”符合语境，下文承接B选项，阐述为何比较是有意义的。故选B项。
18．根据上文“The first way you might want to handle this comparison is not to try to ignore those you measure yourself against. (你处理这种比较的第一种方法可能是不要试图忽略那些与你比较的人。)”以及下文“Is it envy, shame, sadness or unfairness With this knowledge you can consider more specific ways to improve your own athletics journey.(是嫉妒、羞耻、悲伤还是不公平 有了这些知识，你可以考虑更具体的方法来改善你自己的运动之旅)”可知，处理此问题的方法不是忽略哪些你比较的对象，而是要去看比较给自己带来哪些情绪。G项“Instead, care about what feeling it is they are stimulating within you. (相反，要关心他们在你内心的刺激是什么感觉。)”与上文构成转折关系，形成对比，下文中的“envy, shame, unfairness”选项中的“what feeling it is they are stimulating within you”相对应。故选G项。
19．根据上文“Secondly, if you feel bad when comparing, it might suggest you are not happy with your own fitness or results. (其次，如果你在比较时感觉不好，这可能表明你对自己的健康状况或结果不满意。)”可知，如果你感觉到比较让你不快乐，带来情绪的伤害，那么你可能对自己的健康状况不满意。下文“Think about where you would like to be athletically in six months’ time and which elements you will need in place to get there: fitness, coaching, strength and conditioning, nutrition, or support.(想想你想在六个月的时间里在运动方面达到什么水平，你需要哪些因素来达到这个目标：健康、教练、力量和调节、营养或支持。)”指出，应该考虑一下自己要达成的目标以及达到这个目标所需要的因素；A项“Use this as the drive to goal setting. (以此作为设定目标的动力。)”承上启下，建议把对自己的不满意之处作为设定目标的动力，选项中的“this”指代上文中“you are not happy with your own fitness or results”，选项中的“goal setting”与下文中“Think about where you would like to be athletically in six months’ time”表达的意思一致。故选A项。
20．根据上文“Score where you currently are with each so you can see which will require most work to improve. When you have this list of improvements you can turn each into a process goal to achieve weekly. (在你目前所处的位置对每一个进行评分，这样你就可以看到哪一个需要做更多的工作才能改进。当你有了这个改进列表，你就可以把每个改进都变成一个每周要实现的过程目标。)”可知，本段承接上文，介绍了利用比较促进自己改变的具体做法。D项“This helps you see you’re moving in the right direction. (这有助于你看到自己正朝着正确的方向前进。)”承接上文，说明上文所说的做法带来的好处，选项中代词“This”指代上文内容。故选D项。
21．D 22．D 23．B 24．C 25．D 26．D 27．D 28．C 29．C 30．A 31．B 32．D 33．B 34．D 35．C
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过回忆与童年时期想象中的朋友Gemma的种种互动，突出了她对自己勇敢、探索等精神的影响，以及对自己自信心的培养。然而，作者也指出了调查显示的现实情况：越来越多的孩子缺乏想象中的朋友，部分原因是屏幕时间的增加。作者认为想象中的朋友可能是孩子们生活中的一种调剂，在他们需要时出现，但随着生活变得更加忙碌和充实，这种友谊也逐渐消失。作者提醒读者想象中的朋友对孩子很重要，因为这有助于创造出最好的想法。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我焦虑，她无所畏惧；我保守，她叛逆；我笨拙，她技艺娴熟。A. adaptable适应性强的；B. generous慷慨的；C. disturbing令人不安的；D. skillful熟练的。根据上文“She was fearless where I was anxious, rebellious where I was conservative”可知，Gemma和作者的性格特征是相反的，再结合“where I was awkward”可推知，和“笨拙”相对的应该是skillful“熟练的”。故选D。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在Gemma的支持下，在我父母发现我之前，我几乎爬到了书架的顶层——“Gemma说没问题！”也没能使我免于挨骂。A. benefit使受益；B. conceal隐瞒；C. ban禁止；D. save避免。根据上文“I almost made it to the top shelf of the bookcase before my parents found me”可知，小时候的作者很大胆地爬到了书架的顶层，这是危险的行为，由此推知，“Gemma说没问题！”这句话没能使作者免于挨骂，固定短语save sb. from sth.表示“使某人免于某事”。故选D。
23．考查序数词和形容词词义辨析。句意：我不记得我是什么时候、怎样“遇见”Gemma的，也许更可悲的是，我不记得我最后一次“见到”她是什么时候。A. first第一的；B. last最后的；C. latest最新的；D. previous之前的。根据上文“I cannot remember when or how I “met” Gemma, and, perhaps sadder still”可知，此处描述比不记得是什么时候、怎样“遇见”Gemma的状况还可悲的情形，结合“time I “saw” her”可推知，这种情形是不记得最后一次“见到”她是什么时候。故选B。
24．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：尽管我的大脑创造了她，但她激励我去冒险，如果没有她，我是没有信心开始的。A. As if仿佛；B. As long as只要；C. Even though尽管；D. Given that鉴于。“my brain created her”表示作者的大脑创造了她，“she inspired me to go on adventures I would not have had the confidence to embark upon without her”表示她激励作者去冒险，如果没有她，作者是没有信心开始的，即Gemma让作者受益良多，前后有让步关系，应用Even though“尽管”引导让步状语从句。故选C。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近的一项调查显示，72%的托儿所工作人员认为孩子们的想象中的朋友比五年前少了，这让我很难过。A. convinces说服；B. recalls回忆；C. reminds提醒；D. saddens使难过。根据下文“that 72 percent of nursery workers believe children have fewer imaginary friends than they did five years ago”可知，72%的托儿所工作人员认为孩子们的想象中的朋友比五年前少了，结合上文描述的作者从Gemma那里学到很多可推知，这一调查结果让作者很难过。故选D。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这被认为是由于屏幕时间增加。A. easy容易的；B. decreased减少的；C. hard困难的；D. increased增加的。根据下文“screen time”和生活常识可推知，当今时代屏幕时间增加，孩子们会沉浸在屏幕世界中，因此想象中的朋友会减少。故选D。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：据信，40%的人在童年时期都有过想象中的朋友。A. adolescence青春期；B. adulthood成年；C. babyhood婴儿期；D. childhood童年。根据下文“In an essay for Aeon, writer Sophie Elmhirst found that 81 percent of those surveyed had “lost” their imaginary friends after they turned ten”可知，81%的受访者在10岁后“失去”了他们想象中的朋友，因此是在童年时期有过想象中的朋友。故选D。
28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：作家Sophie Elmhirst在为Aeon杂志撰写的一篇文章中发现，81%的受访者在10岁后“失去”了他们想象中的朋友，但这些友谊大多数都是自然结束的。A. accidentally意外地；B. dramatically戏剧性地；C. naturally自然地；D. unfortunately不幸地。根据上文“writer Sophie Elmhirst found that 81 percent of those surveyed had “lost” their imaginary friends after they turned ten”和表示转折意义的“but”可推知，虽然大多数孩子会在10岁后“失去”了他们想象中的朋友，但这种结束是自然发生的。故选C。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们的生活变得过于充实，我们的大脑无法腾出空间来产生自己的娱乐时，他们就会离开。A. secure安全的；B. instructive有教育意义的；C. full充实的；D. productive富有成效的。根据下文“for our brains to make space to generate their own entertainment”和生活常识可推知，当我们长大，生活变得过于充实，我们的大脑会没有空间留给这些想象中的朋友。故选C。
30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果你享受过一段想象中的友谊，我猜你并没有有意识地坐下来创造一个完美的朋友。A. consciously有意识地；B. invisibly看不见地；C. personally个人地；D. realistically现实地。根据下文“They probably arrived as an indication of the thoughts and ideas you never knew you had.”可知，这些想象中的朋友是我们从未意识到自己有过的想法和主意的象征，因此此处指并没有有意识地坐下来创造一个完美的朋友。故选A。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了成为想象中的朋友的好伴侣，你需要能够把“如果……会怎么样？”变成一个令人兴奋的命题。A. boss老板；B. companion伴侣；C. expert专家；D. instructor教练。根据这是谈论和想象中的朋友相处的情境，以及下文“you need to be able to make “what if ” into an exciting proposition”可推知，此处介绍通过拓展令人兴奋的命题来成为想象中的朋友的好伴侣。故选B。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果在我们孩子生活的世界里，想象中的朋友越来越少，这可能会导致未来艺术家、作家和问题解决者越来越少。A. challenging挑战；B. limiting限制；C. locating定位；D. populating居住于，生活于。根据上文“my brain created her”可知，我们的大脑创造出想象中的朋友，因此此处指生活在孩子世界里的想象中的朋友越来越少。故选D。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这确实值得关注。A. boredom无聊；B. concern关注；C. imagination想象力；D. limitation限制。根据上文“that might lead to a future with fewer artists, writers and problem-solvers”可知，如果想象中的朋友越来越少，未来艺术家、作家和问题解决者会越来越少，这是不好的情况，因此这非常值得关注。故选B。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个成年人，每当我不得不做一些让我害怕的事情时，我就会想到我无畏的、隐形的朋友Gemma——通常是公开演讲，而不是爬上书架。A. defeats打败；B. encourages鼓励；C. inspires鼓舞；D. scares使害怕。根据上文“She was fearless where I was anxious, rebellious where I was conservative”可知，作者的性格是焦虑的、保守的，再结合下文“usually public speaking”可知，公开演讲这样的事会让作者害怕。故选D。
35．考查形容词短语和动词短语辨析。句意：然而，每当我超越自己的期望，在一个我认为自己无法到达的地方遇见自己时，我就能听到我的潜意识在低语：“Gemma让我做到的。”A. am short of缺乏；B. go against违背；C. go beyond超越；D. live up to达到。根据下文“meet myself in a place that I did not think I could quite reach”可知，作者在一个认为自己无法到达的地方遇见自己，因此是超越自己的期望。故选C。
36．exploration 37．has taken 38．from 39．celebrating 40．literally 41．and 42．are 43．whom 44．located 45．to enjoy
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了天水市的麻辣烫吸引了美食博主和远道而来的食客，展示了对当地特色美食的喜爱。
36．考查名词。句意：继烧烤引发的淄博旅游热潮之后，中国社交媒体再次强调了下一个值得探索的网红城市。此处使用名词作宾语，需要的词义为“探索”，即exploration，它为不可数名词，故填exploration。
37．考查时态。句意：这一次是天水，中国甘肃省一个低调的城市，最近引起了人们的关注。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，根据“recently”可知，谓语动词应该使用现在完成时，主语that指代先行词Tianshui，为单数意义，故填has taken。
38．考查介词。句意：它吸引了美食爱好者和社交媒体网红的大量关注，庆祝了这座城市的标志性菜肴——火锅。此处应该填入介词，表示“从某人或某物那里”，因此使用from，故填from。
39．考查现在分词。句意：它吸引了美食爱好者和社交媒体网红的大量关注，庆祝这座城市的标志性菜肴——火锅。分析句子结构可知，celebrate在句子中不作为谓语动词使用，它和“food enthusiasts and social media influencers”之间为主动关系，因此使用现在分词作状语，故填celebrating。
40．考查副词。句意：被称为“天水麻辣烫”，字面意思是辛辣和热的，这道菜因其大量的肉串、蔬菜和手工制作的土豆面在一锅沸腾的汤中而广受欢迎。使用副词作状语修饰动词means，需要的词义为“字面上”，故填literally。
41．考查并列连词。句意：被称为“天水麻辣烫”，字面意思是辛辣和热的，这道菜因其大量的肉串、蔬菜和手工制作的土豆面在一锅沸腾的汤中而广受欢迎。skewered meat和vegetables以及hand-made potato noodles为并列关系，应该使用并列连词and，故填and。
42．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：两位美食博主在中国流行的微博上拥有超过300万粉丝，他们是赞扬天水麻辣烫美味的网红之一。根据上下文可知，此处使用一般现在时，表示现在的情况，主语“Two food bloggers”为复数意义，故填are。
43．考查定语从句。句意：他们的视频显示，热心的美食爱好者在街头排队，其中许多人从遥远的城市赶来。分析句子结构可知，逗号后面为“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，food enthusiasts是先行词，它在从句中作介词of的宾语，指人，因此使用whom，故填whom。
44．考查过去分词。句意：29岁的董良燕（音译）来自距离天水2000多公里的黑龙江大庆，她告诉新华社记者，她非常高兴能品尝到当地美食。使用过去分词作定语修饰“Heilongjiang province”，表示“位于，坐落在”，故填located。
45．考查动词不定式。句意：29岁的董良燕（音译）来自距离天水2000多公里的黑龙江大庆，她告诉新华社记者，她非常高兴能品尝到当地美食。be delighted to do：很高兴做某事，故填to enjoy。
46．One possible version:
Dear Mr. Wesley,
How is everything going with you An English recitation competition aimed to raise students’ interest in learning English is to be held next weekend. This competition is an excellent opportunity for us students to showcase our language skills and build confidence in public speaking.
I am writing to kindly request your assistance in improving my English pronunciation for the competition. I believe your guidance will greatly benefit my performance. Your expertise in English phonetics would be invaluable in helping me refine my pronunciation and delivery.
I have also attached a recording of my recitation for your reference. I would greatly appreciate any feedhack or advice you could provide. Thank you in advance for your assistance.
Yours sincerely.
Li Hue
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Mr. Wesley写一封电子邮件，请他给你指导一下英语发音，参加学校于下周末举办的英语朗诵比赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
机会：opportunity →chance
请求：request →ask for
建议：competition→match
帮助：assistance →help/aid
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：An English recitation competition aimed to raise students’ interest in learning English is to be held next weekend.
拓展句：An English recitation competition which is aimed to raise students’ interest in learning English is to be held next weekend.
【点睛】【高分句型1】This competition is an excellent opportunity for us students to showcase our language skills and build confidence in public speaking.（运用了不定式短语作定语修饰名词opportunity）
【高分句型2】I would greatly appreciate any feedhack or advice you could provide.（运用了省略关系代词的定语从句）
47．One possible version:
A few weeks later, the exam results were announced. Sam passed his history exam with an acceptable grade! He was overjoyed and relieved. He realized that he might have got a higher score if he had cheated, but the score was his honest effort, and that made it more valuable. Emily was proud of Sam for making the right choice. She told him that honesty was much more important than any grade.
The experience of preparing for and taking the exams strengthened the bond between Sam and Emily. They learned that facing challenges together, with honesty and support for each other, was more important than the outcome of any test. From then on, Sam approached challenges with more confidence and integrity, and Emily continued to be a supportive friend. Together, they realized that the true test was not in the exams they took but in the choices they made and the kind of people they chose to be.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了在加州喜瑞都的惠特尼高中，两个朋友Sam和Emily在准备期末考试时的经历。Sam擅长数学，而Emily在历史方面表现出色。他们互相帮助，在各自的弱项上进行辅导。随着考试的临近，Sam因为家庭的高期望和对自己历史能力的怀疑而感到压力巨大。他甚至考虑作弊，但在Emily的劝说下，他决定诚实地参加考试。尽管考试过程中感到紧张和不确定，Sam最终坚持了自己的价值观，没有作弊。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“几周后，考试结果公布了”可知，第一段可描写Sam的历史成绩不错，他对该成绩的反应，以及Emily对于Sam做出正确选择的反应。
②由第二段首句内容“准备考试和参加考试的经历加强了Sam和Emily之间的联系”可知，第二段可描写两人加深了友谊，继续协作前行，以及两人从这次考试的经历中得到的感悟。
2. 续写线索：考试结果公布——Sam的反应——Emily的反应——两人联系加强——两人继续协作——两人的感悟
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①意识到：realize/recognize/be aware of
②得到：get/gain
③面对：face/face up to
④处理：approach/deal with/tackle
情绪类
①狂喜的：overjoyed/delighted/happy
②宽慰的：relieved/eased/alleviated
【点睛】【高分句型1】He realized that he might have got a higher score if he had cheated, but the score was his honest effort, and that made it more valuable. (第一个that引导宾语从句、if引导非真实条件状语从句)
【高分句型2】They learned that facing challenges together, with honesty and support for each other, was more important than the outcome of any test. (that引导宾语从句、动名词短语作主语)
英语
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡上。
2. 选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Bring It On:The Musical
Bitingly relevant and inspired by the hit film of the same name, Bring It On takes audiences on a high-flying journey that is filled with the complexities of friendship, forgiveness and self-definition.
Uniting some of the freshest and funniest creative minds on Broadway, Bring It On features an original story by Tony Award winner Jeff Whitty, music and lyrics by Tony Award-winning composer Lin-Manuel Miranda, and music supervision by Tony and Grammy Award winner Alex Lacamoire. The production is directed and staged by Tony Award winner Andy Blankenbuehler. It was proposed as a candidate for the Tony Award for Best Musical.
Campbell, the main character, is a cheer-leading star at Truman High School and her senior year should prove the most joyful — she’s been named captain of the team! However,an unexpected redistricting has forced her to spend her final year of high school at the neighboring Jackson High School. Despite challenges, Campbell befriends the school’s dance crew. Together with their headstrong and hardworking leader, Danielle, they form a powerful team for the ultimate competition — the National Championships.
The show’s name alone will fill the seats, and audience’s word of mouth will pack the house. With a colorful variety of characters and an exciting fresh sound, Bring It On is sure to be everything that you hoped for.
1．Who wrote the story that Bring It On is based on
A．Lin-Manuel Miranda. B．Jeff Whitty
C．Andy Blankenbuehler. D．Alex Lacamoire.
2．What can we learn about The Musical Bring It On
A．Campbell met great difficulties at first in her new school.
B．It won the Tony Award for Best Musical for its creativity.
C．Campbell changed her school to be the captain of the team.
D．It was adapted from a movie focusing on a complex journey.
3．What is the text
A．A short story. B．An introduction to a theater.
C．A film review. D．An advertisement of a play.
B
As a hockey parent, while watching my son played from Mite to Bantam, House League to Travel, I’ve learned that losing may be best for kids.
In his third season in 2019, my son’s team never lost more than three straight games. There was happiness, boasting, celebration, pizza. In short, it was a typically good youth hockey season. He improved as a player, but did not much change as a person.
However, what happened the next year added its story to the legends of sporting incompetence. Not merely weak but prettily bad, this team lost 40 of their first 50 games, most of the defeats coming in the course of two losing streaks. For a time, I worried that these streaks would kill my child’s love of the game.
But that’s not what happened. As bad as it got, the losing was clarifying. It weeded out the kids who were in it less for the game than the glory, leaving just the die-hards behind. What started as a list of 17 of the team was cut down to 12. It was especially instructive for the kids. It taught him a great truth of the world: For everyone good, there is someone better.
What’s more, the kids were learning the game in a way that only losing can teach. Each player got to play everywhere, to learn and appreciate the role of every position on the ice. They kept an eye on their opponents too, studying and incorporating the tricks of success. In an effort to break the streak, they went back to basics, accepted the wisdom of the hockey ancients: If playing like a team, they can defeat a collection of all-stars; If doing small and unappreciated tasks well, they can get the goal.
This new team had character and could never be counted out, no matter the score. They had learned the most important lesson: You can lose without being beaten. They squeaked into the state tournament, then made it all the way to the final, where the winner was decided in overtime. When they lost that game and went into the handshake line, it was not as runners-up but as a team that had been made into winners in the only way that will stick — by losing.
4．What does the author think about the son’s team in the third season in 2019
A．The team had a bad performance.
B．The team didn’t live up to the author’s expectations.
C．The team played typically well and won all the games.
D．The team didn’t have the spirit of facing failure.
5．What does the underlined word “clarify” refer to
A．The losing made the kids better understand hockey.
B．The losing helped the kids learn a great truth of the world.
C．The losing separated true player from those playing for glory.
D．The losing boosted the kids’ teamwork.
6．According to the author, what have the son’s team learned
A．For everything big, there is something bigger.
B．Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst.
C．God helps those who help themselves.
D．The hardest battle you’re going to fight is the battle to be just you.
7．What is the best title for the passage
A．How Kids Can Deal With Losing
B．What Kids Can Learn From Losing
C．Why Kids Can Benefit From Losing
D．How Kids Can Get Over From Losing
C
The words “caring” and “empathetic” (共情的) aren’t ones normally associated with technology. Yearsley, an Australian enterpriser who is expert in artificial intelligence (AI), is trying to change that.
Yearsley is the founder of Akin, a robotics startup that currently uses a tablet-based system to help users manage the tasks related to home life, whether that’s planning meals or reminding you to pay your cell phone bill. Current home devices made by Google or Amazon or Apple use predictive AI to track patterns, strengthen behaviors and manipulate (操控) buying decisions, some of which, she assumes, are questionable or just unhealthy.
In contrast, the AI that she is developing will be designed to run the human home, encouraging healthful decisions such as taking a nightly walk, refilling the fridge and supporting social interactions like lunches or birthday celebrations with friends. “It’s the hardest AI I have ever built for it’s a complex system,” Yearsley says.
Yearsley began developing the Akin technology in 2017, when she realized the need to better manage the home is hugely ignored. Besides, she realized that women unequally bear the burden of household work. A United Nations’ report estimates that women do2.6 times the amount of unpaid care and domestic work that men do, or close to 30 hours per week in the U. S. alone.
While Yearsley pictures an army of robots someday helping with routine homemade tasks, the first display for Akin will take time and money. Akin has received some early seed money from a handful of investors, and was recently selected as a finalist for tech giant LG Nova’s Mission for the Future program, an annual challenge that seeks to identify businesses having potential to improve life and lead society into the future.
8．What might the Akin’s AI system suggest
A．Consuming more drinks to enjoy yourself. B．Staying up late working to make more money.
C．Spending more time staying with your family. D．Purchasing products that may attract you.
9．What made Yearsley develop the Akin’s AI system
A．The high cost of current home devices. B．Akin’s becoming a finalist for a program.
C．Financial support from investors. D．Heavy burden of housewives.
10．What can be used to describe the Akin’s AI system
A．Questionable and unhealthy. B．Unstable and insecure.
C．Thoughtful and innovative. D．Mature and ideal.
11．What’s the purpose of the text
A．To introduce a futuristic AI system. B．To compare two companies’ AI systems.
C．To call on people to care about housewives. D．To seek support for an AI expert.
D
Have you ever found yourself having intrusive (侵扰的) thoughts about something you haven’t finished Maybe a half-done work project is keeping you up at night or the suspenseful plot of a novel you’re reading keeps circling your thoughts. There is a reason why it’s so hard to stop thinking about uncompleted and interrupted tasks, and psychologists called it the Zeigarnik effect (Z-effect).
The Ziegarnik effect was first observed by a Russian psychologist named Bluma Zeigarnik. While sitting in a busy restaurant in Vienna, Ziegarnik noted that the waiters had better memories of unpaid orders. Once the bill was paid, however, the waiters had trouble remembering the exact details of the orders.
Zeigarnik did a series of experiments, in which participants were asked to complete simple tasks such as putting together puzzles, or solving math problems. Half of the participants were interrupted partway through doing these tasks. After an hour-long wait, Zeigarnik asked the participants to describe what they had been working on. She discovered that the people who had been interrupted in their work were twice as likely to remember what they had been doing as the people who had been able to complete the tasks.
We are living in an information explosion era, and we need mental tricks to help us remember a great deal of information. The Zeigarnik effect serves as a prime example. We hold on to information in the short term by constantly pulling it back into our awareness. By thinking of uncompleted tasks often, we’re more likely to keep remembering them until they get done.
The Zeigarnik effect tells us a lot about how memory works and you can use the Zeigarnik effect to your advantage. If you are struggling to memorize something important, momentary interruptions might work to your advantage. Rather than simply repeating the information, review it a few times, and then take a break. Nevertheless, leaving too many tasks unfinished can lead to feelings of overwhelm and anxiety. Therefore, it’s crucial to use this effect wisely in practical applications.
12．What is the typical characteristic of the Z-effect
A．Tending to memorize unfinished tasks. B．Trying to finish various tasks at a time.
C．Performing terribly during a task. D．Suspending an uncompleted task.
13．What is the function of paragraph 3
A．To classify a concept. B．To provide further evidence.
C．To stress the experiment’s complexity. D．To add some background information.
14．Which is a practical application of the Z-effect
A．Reading a whole story in one breath.
B．Producing a drama with unexpected endings.
C．Keeping several windows open on your computer.
D．Airing ads during the suspenseful moments in a TV series.
15．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．The Z-Effect: How Interruptions Enhance Memory
B．The Z-Effect: How to Boost Recall of Finished Tasks
C．The Power of Completing Tasks Ahead of Schedule
D．The Tricks of Developing Long-term Memory
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Comparison Is the Thief of Joy
As an athlete in the digital age, you will find comparison is everywhere. 16 Event results, club time trials and social media accounts all give instant access to what everyone else is doing and what times they are getting, often right next to our own achievements. If we are not where we want to be it can feel horrible.
17 As humans we seek connection and a sense of belonging. This means we are continually assessing ourselves against others to check we still fit in with those we perceive to be like us. The issue in athletics is you are comparing uncontrollable outputs rather than intentional inputs so you might feel disappointed, your confidence can suffer a blow and your performance may decline. Here are some essential strategies to protect yourself from comparison.
The first way you might want to handle this comparison is not to try to ignore those you measure yourself against. 18 Is it envy, shame, sadness or unfairness With this knowledge you can consider more specific ways to improve your own athletics journey.
Secondly, if you feel bad when comparing, it might suggest you are not happy with your own fitness or results. 19 Think about where you would like to be athletically in six months’ time and which elements you will need in place to get there: fitness, coaching, strength and conditioning, nutrition, or support.
Score where you currently are with each so you can see which will require most work to improve. When you have this list of improvements you can turn each into a process goal to achieve weekly. ____20
A．Use this as the drive to goal setting.
B．Psychologically, comparisons make sense.
C．When comparing too much, we usually feel rubbish.
D．This helps you see you’re moving in the right direction.
E．Therefore, you can do nothing but accept the comparison.
F．It usually requires less effort to compare ourselves with others.
G．Instead, care about what feeling it is they are stimulating within you.
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was three, I had a very good friend named Gemma. She was fearless where I was anxious, rebellious where I was conservative, and 21 where I was awkward. She was also entirely imaginary. With Gemma’s support, I almost made it to the top shelf of the bookcase before my parents found me — and “Gemma said it was fine!” did not 22 me from a telling-off (责骂).
I cannot remember when or how I “met” Gemma, and, perhaps sadder still, I do not remember the 23 time I “saw” her. 24 my brain created her, she inspired me to go on adventures I would not have had the confidence to embark upon without her. It 25 me, then, that 72 percent of nursery workers believe children have fewer imaginary friends than they did five years ago, as is shown by a recent survey. This is believed to be a result of 26 screen time.
It is thought that 40 percent of us at one time or another had imaginary friends during our 27 . In an essay for Aeon, writer Sophie Elmhirst found that 81 percent of those surveyed had “lost” their imaginary friends after they turned ten, but most of these friendships ended 28 . Perhaps imaginary friends simply stay with us for as long as we need them. They move on when our lives become too 29 for our brains to make space to generate their own entertainment.
If you have enjoyed an imaginary friendship, I would guess that you did not 30 sit down to create a perfect pal. They probably arrived as an indication of the thoughts and ideas you never knew you had. In order to be a good 31 to an imaginary friend, you need to be able to make “what if ” into an exciting proposition. When we grow up, we are too quick to finish the sentence with “what if it goes wrong ”
Having grown up, we might not need our imaginary friends anymore, but we could still use a reminder that a little bit of boredom is good for us, and that our brains can create the best ideas when they are left to their own devices. If there are fewer imaginary friends 32 the worlds where our children live, that might lead to a future with fewer artists, writers and problem-solvers. This is a real cause for 33 .
As an adult, I think of my fearless, invisible friend Gemma whenever I have to do something that 34 me — usually public speaking, rather than scaling a bookcase. However, whenever I 35 my own expectations and meet myself in a place that I did not think I could quite reach, I can hear my subconscious whispering, “Gemma made me do it.”
21．A．adaptable B．generous C．disturbing D．skillful
22．A．benefit B．conceal C．ban D．save
23．A．first B．last C．latest D．previous
24．A．As if B．As long as C．Even though D．Given that
25．A．convinces B．recalls C．reminds D．saddens
26．A．easy B．decreased C．hard D．increased
27．A．adolescence B．adulthood C．babyhood D．childhood
28．A．accidentally B．dramatically C．naturally D．unfortunately
29．A．secure B．instructive C．full D．productive
30．A．consciously B．invisibly C．personally D．realistically
31．A．boss B．companion C．expert D．instructor
32．A．challenging B．limiting C．locating D．populating
33．A．boredom B．concern C．imagination D．limitation
34．A．defeats B．encourages C．inspires D．scares
35．A．am short of B．go against C．go beyond D．live up to
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Following the barbecue-induced travel craze to the city of Zibo in East China, Chinese social media has once again highlighted the next internet-famous city worthy of 36 (explore).
This time it’s Tianshui, a low-key city in China’s Gansu province that 37 (take) the spotlight recently. It has attracted considerable attention 38 food enthusiasts and social media influencers online, 39 (celebrate) the city’s iconic dish of hot pot.
Known as Tianshui Malatang, which 40 (literal) means spicy and hot, the local dish is popular for its large portion of skewered meat, vegetables, 41 hand-made potato noodles in a pot of boiling broth (肉汤).
Two food bloggers, with over 3 million followers in their account on the popular Chinese Weibo, 42 (be) among the influencers praising the deliciousness of Tianshui Malatang. Their vlogs show eager food enthusiasts lining up on the streets, many of 43 traveled from cities far away.
Dong Liangyan, 29, from Daqing in Heilongjiang province, 44 (locate) more than 2,000 km away from Tianshui, told Xinhua that she was absolutely delighted 45 (enjoy) the local delicacy.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
46．假定你是李华，你校将于下周末举办英语朗诵比赛（recitation competition），请给你的外教Mr. Wesley写一封电子邮件，请他给你指导一下英语发音。内容包括：
1. 朗诵比赛情况介绍；
2. 请求老师帮助；
3. 附带你的朗读录音。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mr. Wesley,
How is everything going with you
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In Whitney High School, Cerritos, California, which was known for its academic excellence and competitive atmosphere, there were two friends, Sam and Emily, who were preparing for their final exams. Sam and Emily were best friends and had always studied together. Sam was naturally gifted in mathematics, while Emily excelled in history. As their final exams approached, they promised to help each other with their weaker subjects.
They spent weeks preparing, exchanging notes, and quizzing each other. Sam helped Emily understand complex mathematics problems, and Emily helped Sam remember historical dates and events. Their friendship grew stronger as they worked towards their common goal.
However, as the exam day neared, Sam started to feel huge pressure. His parents had high expectations, and he was afraid of letting them down. He began to doubt his abilities, especially in history, which was his weakest subject. Emily noticed Sam’s anxiety and tried to reassure him, but Sam’s stress only seemed to increase. The night before the history exam, Sam admitted to Emily that he was considering cheating because he was so afraid of failing.
Emily was shocked and disappointed. She reminded Sam of all the hard work they had put in and the serious consequences cheating could have. She told him that it was better to try and fail honestly than to succeed through dishonesty.
On the day of the history exam, Sam was extremely nervous. He remembered Emily’s words and knew she was right. He decided to face the exam honestly, using what he had learned from their study sessions.
During the exam, Sam struggled with some of the questions, but he did his best to answer them without turning to cheating. When the exam ended, he felt a mix of relief and uncertainty. He had stuck to his values, but he wasn’t sure if he had done enough to pass the subject.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
A few weeks later, the exam results were announced. _____________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The experience of preparing for and taking the exams strengthened the bond between Sam and Emily. ______________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2024新课标一卷英语模拟试题
参考答案及解析
1．B 2．A 3．D
【导语】本文为一篇应用文，为音乐剧《魅力四射》的一则广告。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Uniting some of the freshest and funniest creative minds on Broadway, Bring It On features an original story by Tony Award winner Jeff Whitty, music and lyrics by Tony Award-winning composer Lin-Manuel Miranda, and music supervision by Tony and Grammy Award winner Alex Lacamoire.(《魅力四射》汇集了百老汇最新鲜、最有趣的创意思想，由托尼奖得主杰夫·惠蒂创作的原创故事，由托尼奖获奖作曲家林-曼努埃尔·米兰达作曲，由托尼和格莱美奖得主亚历克斯·拉卡莫雷担任音乐监督)”可知，杰夫·惠蒂创作了这部电影的故事。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Campbell, the main character, is a cheer-leading star at Truman High School and her senior year should prove the most joyful — she’s been named captain of the team! However,an unexpected redistricting has forced her to spend her final year of high school at the neighboring Jackson High School. Despite challenges, Campbell befriends the school’s dance crew.(主角坎贝尔是杜鲁门高中的啦啦队明星，她的最后一年应该是最快乐的——她被任命为球队的队长！然而，一次意外的选区重划迫使她在邻近的杰克逊高中度过高中最后一年。尽管困难重重，坎贝尔还是和学校的舞团成为了朋友)”可知，坎贝尔一开始在新学校杰克逊高中遇到了很大的困难。故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The show’s name alone will fill the seats, and audience’s word of mouth will pack the house. With a colorful variety of characters and an exciting fresh sound, Bring It On is sure to be everything that you hoped for.(单是节目的名字就能填满座位，观众的口口相传也能让观众满座。丰富多彩的角色和令人兴奋的新鲜声音，《魅力四射》肯定是你所希望的一切)”可推知，本文是音乐剧《魅力四射》的一则广告。故选D。
4．D 5．C 6．A 7．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的孩子和其队友打曲棍球，他们从不断的失败中学到了一些教训。
4．推理判断题。根据第二段“In his third season in 2019, my son’s team never lost more than three straight games. There was happiness, boasting, celebration, pizza. In short, it was a typically good youth hockey season. He improved as a player, but did not much change as a person.(2019年是我儿子的第三个赛季，他所在的球队从未输过3场以上的比赛。有快乐，有吹嘘，有庆祝，有披萨。简而言之，这是一个典型的优秀青年曲棍球赛季。作为一名球员，他有了进步，但作为一个人，他并没有太大的变化)”可知，2019年的第三个赛季，作者儿子的球队非常优秀，虽然失败过，但是还是很开心，并没有真正体会到失败带给他们的影响。由此推知，作者认为儿子的球队缺乏面对失败的精神。故选D。
5．指代猜测题。根据划线单词下文“It weeded out the kids who were in it less for the game than the glory, leaving just the die-hards behind.(它淘汰了那些不是为了比赛，而是为了荣誉的孩子，只留下了顽固分子)”可知，虽然孩子的球队比赛失败，但是失败让一切变得很明朗，因为这淘汰了那些不是为了比赛，而是为了荣誉的孩子，只留下了顽固分子。由此可推知，划线单词clarify代指下文内容，即失败将真正的球员和为荣誉而战的球员分开了。故选C。
6．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“They had learned the most important lesson: You can lose without being beaten. They squeaked into the state tournament, then made it all the way to the final, where the winner was decided in overtime. When they lost that game and went into the handshake line, it was not as runners-up but as a team that had been made into winners in the only way that will stick — by losing.(他们学到了最重要的一课：你可以输但不被打败。他们勉强进入州锦标赛，然后一路进入决赛，在加时赛中决出冠军。当他们输掉比赛，进入握手的行列时，他们并不是作为亚军，而是作为一支以唯一的方式——失败——成为赢家的球队)”可知，作者儿子的团队虽然失败了，但他们不断进步，不断面对更大的挑战，成为更好的自己。由此可推知，作者认为，孩子们学到的教训是：对于强大的挑战，要不断进步，因为总有更大挑战在等着你。故选A。
7．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“I’ve learned that losing may be best for kids.(我明白了输球对孩子来说可能是最好的)”和最后一段中的“They had learned the most important lesson: You can lose without being beaten. They squeaked into the state tournament, then made it all the way to the final, where the winner was decided in overtime. When they lost that game and went into the handshake line, it was not as runners-up but as a team that had been made into winners in the only way that will stick — by losing.(他们学到了最重要的一课：你可以输但不被打败。他们勉强进入州锦标赛，然后一路进入决赛，在加时赛中决出冠军。当他们输掉比赛，进入握手的行列时，他们并不是作为亚军，而是作为一支以唯一的方式——失败——成为赢家的球队)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者的孩子和其队友打曲棍球，他们从不断的失败中学到了一些教训。由此可知，B选项“What Kids Can Learn From Losing(孩子们能从失败中学到什么)”适合作文章最佳标题。故选B。
8．C 9．D 10．C 11．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了Akin公司的一套未来人工智能系统。
8．推理判断题。根据第三段“In contrast, the AI that she is developing will be designed to run the human home, encouraging healthful decisions such as taking a nightly walk, refilling the fridge and supporting social interactions like lunches or birthday celebrations with friends.(相比之下，她正在开发的人工智能将被设计为管理人类的家庭，鼓励健康的决定，比如晚上散步，给冰箱加满食物，支持与朋友共进午餐或庆祝生日等社交互动)”可知Akin的人工智能系统支持与家人一起度过更多时间。故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据第四段“Yearsley began developing the Akin technology in 2017, when she realized .the need to better manage the home is hugely ignored. Besides, she realized that women unequally bear the burden of household work.(Yearsley在2017年开始开发Akin技术，当时她意识到更好地管理家庭的需求被严重忽视。此外，她意识到女性承担家务的负担是不平等的)”可知，Yearsley的AI系统研发的因素之一就是家庭主妇和照顾者的沉重负担。故选D。
10．推理判断题。根据第二段“Current home devices made by Google or Amazon or Apple use predictive AI to track patterns, strengthen behaviors and manipulate (操控) buying decisions, some of which, she assumes, are questionable or just unhealthy.(目前由谷歌、亚马逊或苹果生产的家用设备使用预测性人工智能来跟踪模式、强化行为并操控购买决策。其中有一些，她认为，是有问题的或者不健康的)”和第三段的“In contrast, the Al that she is developing will be designed to run the human home, encouraging healthful decisions such as taking a nightly walk, refilling the fridge and supporting social interactions like lunches or birthday celebrations with friends.(相比之下，她正在开发的人工智能将被设计为管理人类的家庭，鼓励健康的决定，比如晚上散步，给冰箱加满食物，支持与朋友共进午餐或庆祝生日等社交互动。)”可知，Akin公司的人工智能系统是考虑周到的且新颖的。故选C。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Akin has received some early seed money from a handful of investors, and was recently selected as a finalist for tech giant LG Nova’s Mission for the Future program, an annual challenge that seeks to identify businesses having potential to improve life and lead society into the future.( Akin已经从一些投资者那里获得了一些早期种子资金，最近还入选了科技巨头LG Nova的“未来使命”项目的决赛名单，该项目是一个年度挑战，旨在寻找有潜力改善生活、引领社会走向未来的企业)”并结合全文可知，本文的目的是介绍Akin公司的一套未来人工智能系统。故选A。
12．A 13．B 14．D 15．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了什么是Z效应以及这一心理现象发现的背景和实际应用。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段“There is a reason why it’s so hard to stop thinking about uncompleted and interrupted tasks, and psychologists called it the Zeigarnik effect (Z-effect).(人们很难不去想那些未完成或被打断的任务，这是有原因的，心理学家称之为Zeigarnik效应（Z效应）)”可知，Z效应的典型特征是倾向于记忆未完成的任务。故选A。
13．推理判断题。根据第三段“Zeigarnik did a series of experiments, in which participants were asked to complete simple tasks such as putting together puzzles, or solving math problems. Half of the participants were interrupted partway through doing these tasks. After an hour-long wait, Zeigarnik asked the participants to describe what they had been working on. She discovered that the people who had been interrupted in their work were twice as likely to remember what they had been doing as the people who had been able to complete the tasks.(Zeigarnik做了一系列的实验，参与者被要求完成简单的任务，比如拼拼图，或者解决数学问题。一半的参与者在完成这些任务的过程中被打断。等了一个小时后，Zeigarnik让参与者描述他们一直在做什么。她发现，那些在工作中被打断的人比那些能够完成任务的人更容易记得自己在做什么)”可知，第3段的功能是提供进一步的证据。故选B。
14．推理判断题。根据第三段“She discovered that the people who had been interrupted in their work were twice as likely to remember what they had been doing as the people who had been able to complete the tasks.(她发现，那些在工作中被打断的人比那些能够完成任务的人更容易记得自己在做什么)”以及第四段“We hold on to information in the short term by constantly pulling it back into our awareness. By thinking of uncompleted tasks often, we’re more likely to keep remembering them until they get done. (我们通过不断地将信息拉回我们的意识，在短期内保持信息。通过经常想着未完成的任务，我们更有可能一直记住它们，直到它们完成)”可知，在电视剧的悬疑时刻播放广告是Z效应的实际应用。故选D。
15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Have you ever found yourself having intrusive (侵扰的) thoughts about something you haven’t finished Maybe a half-done work project is keeping you up at night or the suspenseful plot of a novel you’re reading keeps circling your thoughts. There is a reason why it’s so hard to stop thinking about uncompleted and interrupted tasks, and psychologists called it the Zeigarnik effect (Z-effect).(你是否曾经发现自己对尚未完成的事情有侵入性的想法？也许一个未完成的工作项目让你夜不能寐，或者你正在阅读的一本悬疑小说的情节一直萦绕在你的脑海里。人们很难不去想那些未完成或被打断的任务，这是有原因的，心理学家称之为Zeigarnik效应（Z效应）)”结合文章主要说明了什么是Z效应以及这一心理现象发现的背景和实际应用。可知，A选项“Z效应：干扰如何增强记忆”最符合文章标题。故选A。
16．F 17．B 18．G 19．A 20．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。在通讯媒体和社交软件非常发达的今天，竞技运动员每天都有意无意的可以看到很多的和自己相关的比赛项目，时时刻刻会了解到竞争对手的训练情况，而这一切都会让运动员产生一种比较的心理。这无形之中会给运动员带来很多心理上和训练时的压力，如何正确看待这些不可避免的比较，甚至是利用好这些比较，是他们所要面对和思考的问题。本文分析了这种社会现象并给出了一些建议和方法。
16．根据上文“As an athlete in the digital age, you will find comparison is everywhere. (作为数字时代的运动员，你会发现比较无处不在。)”以及下文“Event results, club time trials and social media accounts all give instant access to what everyone else is doing and what times they are getting (活动结果、俱乐部计时赛和社交媒体账户都可以即时访问其他人在做什么以及他们的时间)” 可知，上文讲到比较在生活中无处不在，下文又说任何一场比赛赛事、比赛结果和其他运动员的训练情况都时时刻刻呈现在我们眼前。由此可知，这种比较极其容易产生，且非常普遍。F项“It usually requires less effort to compare ourselves with others. (将自己与他人进行比较通常需要较少的努力。)”承上启下，符合语境，故选F项。
17．根据下文“As humans we seek connection and a sense of belonging. This means we are continually assessing ourselves against others to check we still fit in with those we perceive to be like us.(作为人类，我们寻求联系和归属感。这意味着我们不断地将自己与他人进行比较，以检查自己是否与我们认为与自己相似的人合得来。)”可知，人们比较是为了检查自己是否与我们认为与自己相似的人合得来，这源于心理上追求一种群体归属感、圈子认同感；B项“Psychologically, comparisons make sense. (从心理学角度讲，比较是有意义的。)”符合语境，下文承接B选项，阐述为何比较是有意义的。故选B项。
18．根据上文“The first way you might want to handle this comparison is not to try to ignore those you measure yourself against. (你处理这种比较的第一种方法可能是不要试图忽略那些与你比较的人。)”以及下文“Is it envy, shame, sadness or unfairness With this knowledge you can consider more specific ways to improve your own athletics journey.(是嫉妒、羞耻、悲伤还是不公平 有了这些知识，你可以考虑更具体的方法来改善你自己的运动之旅)”可知，处理此问题的方法不是忽略哪些你比较的对象，而是要去看比较给自己带来哪些情绪。G项“Instead, care about what feeling it is they are stimulating within you. (相反，要关心他们在你内心的刺激是什么感觉。)”与上文构成转折关系，形成对比，下文中的“envy, shame, unfairness”选项中的“what feeling it is they are stimulating within you”相对应。故选G项。
19．根据上文“Secondly, if you feel bad when comparing, it might suggest you are not happy with your own fitness or results. (其次，如果你在比较时感觉不好，这可能表明你对自己的健康状况或结果不满意。)”可知，如果你感觉到比较让你不快乐，带来情绪的伤害，那么你可能对自己的健康状况不满意。下文“Think about where you would like to be athletically in six months’ time and which elements you will need in place to get there: fitness, coaching, strength and conditioning, nutrition, or support.(想想你想在六个月的时间里在运动方面达到什么水平，你需要哪些因素来达到这个目标：健康、教练、力量和调节、营养或支持。)”指出，应该考虑一下自己要达成的目标以及达到这个目标所需要的因素；A项“Use this as the drive to goal setting. (以此作为设定目标的动力。)”承上启下，建议把对自己的不满意之处作为设定目标的动力，选项中的“this”指代上文中“you are not happy with your own fitness or results”，选项中的“goal setting”与下文中“Think about where you would like to be athletically in six months’ time”表达的意思一致。故选A项。
20．根据上文“Score where you currently are with each so you can see which will require most work to improve. When you have this list of improvements you can turn each into a process goal to achieve weekly. (在你目前所处的位置对每一个进行评分，这样你就可以看到哪一个需要做更多的工作才能改进。当你有了这个改进列表，你就可以把每个改进都变成一个每周要实现的过程目标。)”可知，本段承接上文，介绍了利用比较促进自己改变的具体做法。D项“This helps you see you’re moving in the right direction. (这有助于你看到自己正朝着正确的方向前进。)”承接上文，说明上文所说的做法带来的好处，选项中代词“This”指代上文内容。故选D项。
21．D 22．D 23．B 24．C 25．D 26．D 27．D 28．C 29．C 30．A 31．B 32．D 33．B 34．D 35．C
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过回忆与童年时期想象中的朋友Gemma的种种互动，突出了她对自己勇敢、探索等精神的影响，以及对自己自信心的培养。然而，作者也指出了调查显示的现实情况：越来越多的孩子缺乏想象中的朋友，部分原因是屏幕时间的增加。作者认为想象中的朋友可能是孩子们生活中的一种调剂，在他们需要时出现，但随着生活变得更加忙碌和充实，这种友谊也逐渐消失。作者提醒读者想象中的朋友对孩子很重要，因为这有助于创造出最好的想法。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我焦虑，她无所畏惧；我保守，她叛逆；我笨拙，她技艺娴熟。A. adaptable适应性强的；B. generous慷慨的；C. disturbing令人不安的；D. skillful熟练的。根据上文“She was fearless where I was anxious, rebellious where I was conservative”可知，Gemma和作者的性格特征是相反的，再结合“where I was awkward”可推知，和“笨拙”相对的应该是skillful“熟练的”。故选D。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在Gemma的支持下，在我父母发现我之前，我几乎爬到了书架的顶层——“Gemma说没问题！”也没能使我免于挨骂。A. benefit使受益；B. conceal隐瞒；C. ban禁止；D. save避免。根据上文“I almost made it to the top shelf of the bookcase before my parents found me”可知，小时候的作者很大胆地爬到了书架的顶层，这是危险的行为，由此推知，“Gemma说没问题！”这句话没能使作者免于挨骂，固定短语save sb. from sth.表示“使某人免于某事”。故选D。
23．考查序数词和形容词词义辨析。句意：我不记得我是什么时候、怎样“遇见”Gemma的，也许更可悲的是，我不记得我最后一次“见到”她是什么时候。A. first第一的；B. last最后的；C. latest最新的；D. previous之前的。根据上文“I cannot remember when or how I “met” Gemma, and, perhaps sadder still”可知，此处描述比不记得是什么时候、怎样“遇见”Gemma的状况还可悲的情形，结合“time I “saw” her”可推知，这种情形是不记得最后一次“见到”她是什么时候。故选B。
24．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：尽管我的大脑创造了她，但她激励我去冒险，如果没有她，我是没有信心开始的。A. As if仿佛；B. As long as只要；C. Even though尽管；D. Given that鉴于。“my brain created her”表示作者的大脑创造了她，“she inspired me to go on adventures I would not have had the confidence to embark upon without her”表示她激励作者去冒险，如果没有她，作者是没有信心开始的，即Gemma让作者受益良多，前后有让步关系，应用Even though“尽管”引导让步状语从句。故选C。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近的一项调查显示，72%的托儿所工作人员认为孩子们的想象中的朋友比五年前少了，这让我很难过。A. convinces说服；B. recalls回忆；C. reminds提醒；D. saddens使难过。根据下文“that 72 percent of nursery workers believe children have fewer imaginary friends than they did five years ago”可知，72%的托儿所工作人员认为孩子们的想象中的朋友比五年前少了，结合上文描述的作者从Gemma那里学到很多可推知，这一调查结果让作者很难过。故选D。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这被认为是由于屏幕时间增加。A. easy容易的；B. decreased减少的；C. hard困难的；D. increased增加的。根据下文“screen time”和生活常识可推知，当今时代屏幕时间增加，孩子们会沉浸在屏幕世界中，因此想象中的朋友会减少。故选D。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：据信，40%的人在童年时期都有过想象中的朋友。A. adolescence青春期；B. adulthood成年；C. babyhood婴儿期；D. childhood童年。根据下文“In an essay for Aeon, writer Sophie Elmhirst found that 81 percent of those surveyed had “lost” their imaginary friends after they turned ten”可知，81%的受访者在10岁后“失去”了他们想象中的朋友，因此是在童年时期有过想象中的朋友。故选D。
28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：作家Sophie Elmhirst在为Aeon杂志撰写的一篇文章中发现，81%的受访者在10岁后“失去”了他们想象中的朋友，但这些友谊大多数都是自然结束的。A. accidentally意外地；B. dramatically戏剧性地；C. naturally自然地；D. unfortunately不幸地。根据上文“writer Sophie Elmhirst found that 81 percent of those surveyed had “lost” their imaginary friends after they turned ten”和表示转折意义的“but”可推知，虽然大多数孩子会在10岁后“失去”了他们想象中的朋友，但这种结束是自然发生的。故选C。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们的生活变得过于充实，我们的大脑无法腾出空间来产生自己的娱乐时，他们就会离开。A. secure安全的；B. instructive有教育意义的；C. full充实的；D. productive富有成效的。根据下文“for our brains to make space to generate their own entertainment”和生活常识可推知，当我们长大，生活变得过于充实，我们的大脑会没有空间留给这些想象中的朋友。故选C。
30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果你享受过一段想象中的友谊，我猜你并没有有意识地坐下来创造一个完美的朋友。A. consciously有意识地；B. invisibly看不见地；C. personally个人地；D. realistically现实地。根据下文“They probably arrived as an indication of the thoughts and ideas you never knew you had.”可知，这些想象中的朋友是我们从未意识到自己有过的想法和主意的象征，因此此处指并没有有意识地坐下来创造一个完美的朋友。故选A。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了成为想象中的朋友的好伴侣，你需要能够把“如果……会怎么样？”变成一个令人兴奋的命题。A. boss老板；B. companion伴侣；C. expert专家；D. instructor教练。根据这是谈论和想象中的朋友相处的情境，以及下文“you need to be able to make “what if ” into an exciting proposition”可推知，此处介绍通过拓展令人兴奋的命题来成为想象中的朋友的好伴侣。故选B。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果在我们孩子生活的世界里，想象中的朋友越来越少，这可能会导致未来艺术家、作家和问题解决者越来越少。A. challenging挑战；B. limiting限制；C. locating定位；D. populating居住于，生活于。根据上文“my brain created her”可知，我们的大脑创造出想象中的朋友，因此此处指生活在孩子世界里的想象中的朋友越来越少。故选D。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这确实值得关注。A. boredom无聊；B. concern关注；C. imagination想象力；D. limitation限制。根据上文“that might lead to a future with fewer artists, writers and problem-solvers”可知，如果想象中的朋友越来越少，未来艺术家、作家和问题解决者会越来越少，这是不好的情况，因此这非常值得关注。故选B。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个成年人，每当我不得不做一些让我害怕的事情时，我就会想到我无畏的、隐形的朋友Gemma——通常是公开演讲，而不是爬上书架。A. defeats打败；B. encourages鼓励；C. inspires鼓舞；D. scares使害怕。根据上文“She was fearless where I was anxious, rebellious where I was conservative”可知，作者的性格是焦虑的、保守的，再结合下文“usually public speaking”可知，公开演讲这样的事会让作者害怕。故选D。
35．考查形容词短语和动词短语辨析。句意：然而，每当我超越自己的期望，在一个我认为自己无法到达的地方遇见自己时，我就能听到我的潜意识在低语：“Gemma让我做到的。”A. am short of缺乏；B. go against违背；C. go beyond超越；D. live up to达到。根据下文“meet myself in a place that I did not think I could quite reach”可知，作者在一个认为自己无法到达的地方遇见自己，因此是超越自己的期望。故选C。
36．exploration 37．has taken 38．from 39．celebrating 40．literally 41．and 42．are 43．whom 44．located 45．to enjoy
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了天水市的麻辣烫吸引了美食博主和远道而来的食客，展示了对当地特色美食的喜爱。
36．考查名词。句意：继烧烤引发的淄博旅游热潮之后，中国社交媒体再次强调了下一个值得探索的网红城市。此处使用名词作宾语，需要的词义为“探索”，即exploration，它为不可数名词，故填exploration。
37．考查时态。句意：这一次是天水，中国甘肃省一个低调的城市，最近引起了人们的关注。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，根据“recently”可知，谓语动词应该使用现在完成时，主语that指代先行词Tianshui，为单数意义，故填has taken。
38．考查介词。句意：它吸引了美食爱好者和社交媒体网红的大量关注，庆祝了这座城市的标志性菜肴——火锅。此处应该填入介词，表示“从某人或某物那里”，因此使用from，故填from。
39．考查现在分词。句意：它吸引了美食爱好者和社交媒体网红的大量关注，庆祝这座城市的标志性菜肴——火锅。分析句子结构可知，celebrate在句子中不作为谓语动词使用，它和“food enthusiasts and social media influencers”之间为主动关系，因此使用现在分词作状语，故填celebrating。
40．考查副词。句意：被称为“天水麻辣烫”，字面意思是辛辣和热的，这道菜因其大量的肉串、蔬菜和手工制作的土豆面在一锅沸腾的汤中而广受欢迎。使用副词作状语修饰动词means，需要的词义为“字面上”，故填literally。
41．考查并列连词。句意：被称为“天水麻辣烫”，字面意思是辛辣和热的，这道菜因其大量的肉串、蔬菜和手工制作的土豆面在一锅沸腾的汤中而广受欢迎。skewered meat和vegetables以及hand-made potato noodles为并列关系，应该使用并列连词and，故填and。
42．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：两位美食博主在中国流行的微博上拥有超过300万粉丝，他们是赞扬天水麻辣烫美味的网红之一。根据上下文可知，此处使用一般现在时，表示现在的情况，主语“Two food bloggers”为复数意义，故填are。
43．考查定语从句。句意：他们的视频显示，热心的美食爱好者在街头排队，其中许多人从遥远的城市赶来。分析句子结构可知，逗号后面为“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，food enthusiasts是先行词，它在从句中作介词of的宾语，指人，因此使用whom，故填whom。
44．考查过去分词。句意：29岁的董良燕（音译）来自距离天水2000多公里的黑龙江大庆，她告诉新华社记者，她非常高兴能品尝到当地美食。使用过去分词作定语修饰“Heilongjiang province”，表示“位于，坐落在”，故填located。
45．考查动词不定式。句意：29岁的董良燕（音译）来自距离天水2000多公里的黑龙江大庆，她告诉新华社记者，她非常高兴能品尝到当地美食。be delighted to do：很高兴做某事，故填to enjoy。
46．One possible version:
Dear Mr. Wesley,
How is everything going with you An English recitation competition aimed to raise students’ interest in learning English is to be held next weekend. This competition is an excellent opportunity for us students to showcase our language skills and build confidence in public speaking.
I am writing to kindly request your assistance in improving my English pronunciation for the competition. I believe your guidance will greatly benefit my performance. Your expertise in English phonetics would be invaluable in helping me refine my pronunciation and delivery.
I have also attached a recording of my recitation for your reference. I would greatly appreciate any feedhack or advice you could provide. Thank you in advance for your assistance.
Yours sincerely.
Li Hue
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Mr. Wesley写一封电子邮件，请他给你指导一下英语发音，参加学校于下周末举办的英语朗诵比赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
机会：opportunity →chance
请求：request →ask for
建议：competition→match
帮助：assistance →help/aid
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：An English recitation competition aimed to raise students’ interest in learning English is to be held next weekend.
拓展句：An English recitation competition which is aimed to raise students’ interest in learning English is to be held next weekend.
【点睛】【高分句型1】This competition is an excellent opportunity for us students to showcase our language skills and build confidence in public speaking.（运用了不定式短语作定语修饰名词opportunity）
【高分句型2】I would greatly appreciate any feedhack or advice you could provide.（运用了省略关系代词的定语从句）
47．One possible version:
A few weeks later, the exam results were announced. Sam passed his history exam with an acceptable grade! He was overjoyed and relieved. He realized that he might have got a higher score if he had cheated, but the score was his honest effort, and that made it more valuable. Emily was proud of Sam for making the right choice. She told him that honesty was much more important than any grade.
The experience of preparing for and taking the exams strengthened the bond between Sam and Emily. They learned that facing challenges together, with honesty and support for each other, was more important than the outcome of any test. From then on, Sam approached challenges with more confidence and integrity, and Emily continued to be a supportive friend. Together, they realized that the true test was not in the exams they took but in the choices they made and the kind of people they chose to be.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了在加州喜瑞都的惠特尼高中，两个朋友Sam和Emily在准备期末考试时的经历。Sam擅长数学，而Emily在历史方面表现出色。他们互相帮助，在各自的弱项上进行辅导。随着考试的临近，Sam因为家庭的高期望和对自己历史能力的怀疑而感到压力巨大。他甚至考虑作弊，但在Emily的劝说下，他决定诚实地参加考试。尽管考试过程中感到紧张和不确定，Sam最终坚持了自己的价值观，没有作弊。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“几周后，考试结果公布了”可知，第一段可描写Sam的历史成绩不错，他对该成绩的反应，以及Emily对于Sam做出正确选择的反应。
②由第二段首句内容“准备考试和参加考试的经历加强了Sam和Emily之间的联系”可知，第二段可描写两人加深了友谊，继续协作前行，以及两人从这次考试的经历中得到的感悟。
2. 续写线索：考试结果公布——Sam的反应——Emily的反应——两人联系加强——两人继续协作——两人的感悟
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①意识到：realize/recognize/be aware of
②得到：get/gain
③面对：face/face up to
④处理：approach/deal with/tackle
情绪类
①狂喜的：overjoyed/delighted/happy
②宽慰的：relieved/eased/alleviated
【点睛】【高分句型1】He realized that he might have got a higher score if he had cheated, but the score was his honest effort, and that made it more valuable. (第一个that引导宾语从句、if引导非真实条件状语从句)
【高分句型2】They learned that facing challenges together, with honesty and support for each other, was more important than the outcome of any test. (that引导宾语从句、动名词短语作主语)
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