山东省德州市2023-2024学年高二（下）期中模拟考试英语试题(含解析，无听力原文，无音频)
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| 名称 | 山东省德州市2023-2024学年高二（下）期中模拟考试英语试题(含解析，无听力原文，无音频) |  | |
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高二英语试题
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
注意事项：
1. 答第Ⅰ卷前考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡上。
2. 选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。
3. 全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在试卷上无效。
第I卷（满分95分）
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．How is the weather today
A．Rainy. B．Sunny. C．Windy.
2．What does the woman mean
A．She has received the wrong dish.
B．She doesn’t like the taste of the food.
C．She recommends the chicken salad sandwich.
3．What makes the woman prefer the red-brick house
A．Its colorful garden. B．Its large yard. C．Its extra bedroom.
4．How does the man usually go to work
A．On foot. B．By car. C．By bus.
5．Where did the speakers meet last time
A．At Michael’s. B．At George’s. C．At Peter’s.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What is the man probably
A．A doctor. B．A nutritionist. C．A fitness instructor.
7．What is the man’s suggestion for the woman
A．Watching out for her weight. B．Doing some exercise daily. C．Going on a diet.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．What are the speakers mainly talking about
A．The art lesson. B．A professor. C．French painters.
9．What will the man do next
A．Study with Mike. B．Go to the library. C．Meet his cousin.
10．What time is it now
A．3:50 pm. B．4:05 pm. C．4:10 pm.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Classmates. B．Fellow workers. C．Teacher and student.
12．What did John Adams start the nonprofit for
A．Helping other teenagers.
B．Rescuing animals in danger.
C．Spreading scientific knowledge.
13．Why does the man want to know more about John Adams
A．To prepare for schoolwork.
B．To follow in his footsteps.
C．To write a book about heroes.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14．What does the man do in the supermarket
A．Deal with shelves. B．Work at the cash desk. C．Handle customers’ complaints.
15．How long has the man worked in the supermarket
A．For one week. B．For two weeks. C．For three weeks.
16．What does the woman advise the man to do
A．Change his job. B．Seize every chance. C．Apologize to the boss.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．Where did the speaker do the training in winter
A．In the gym. B．In the forest. C．In the field.
18．What did the speaker probably find relatively difficult to do
A．Standing in the right way. B．Holding the bow correctly. C．Placing the arrow properly.
19．What did the speaker mainly do to improve the shooting skills
A．He turned to the Internet.
B．He read relevant books.
C．He communicated with others.
20．Where did the speaker know the training
A．The website. B．The newspaper. C．The radio.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节（共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
Four of the world’s greatest national parks
Komodo
Location: Indonesia Area: 1,733km2
Home to the world’s largest lizard (蜥蜴), the Komodo dragon, Komodo National Park is made up of 29 islands in the centre of the Indonesian archipelago (群岛). The park’s three main islands of Komodo, Rinca and Padar make ideal destinations for divers, as the surrounding coral reefs support a vast amount of oceanic diversity. With over 1, 000 species of fish, 260 species of coral, and countless sea animals, this is an ideal spot to swim with sharks, whales, dolphins and more.
Namib-Naukluft
Location：Namibia Area: 49, 768km2
In the world’s oldest desert, the landscape moves. The golden dunes shift as winds blow and seasons pass. Visitors come to explore the dunes and it can be a real adventure. Jump in a 4×4 or hike across the sands on foot for a multi-day trail and you’ll soon find yourself deep in the Namibian wilderness. You’ll need a permit and doctor’s letter to take on the longer hikes, but one-day hikes give anyone a chance to see more of the Namib.
Tongariro
Location: New Zealand Area: 795km2
As New Zealand’s oldest national park, Tongariro National Park is home to three active volcanoes. And here’s the Tongariro. Alpine Crossing, a 19.4-kilometre hike that takes you across beautiful landscapes. This park also draws in skiers during the winter seasons. The biggest ski area, Whakapapa, covers 5.5km2 and has 15 lifts in all.
Teide
Location: Tenerife, Spain Area: 190km2
This park is home to Mount Teide, the highest peak in Spain. With a height of 3,718 metres, Mount Teide is also the third largest volcanic structure on the planet. Besides, Teide National Park possesses unique plants. The most unusual among the 139 recorded species is red bugloss, which has become the symbol of the park.
21．What can visitors do in Komodo National Park
A．Hike across the biggest ski area Whakapapa. B．Go diving on its 29 islands.
C．Have an up-close encounter with ocean life. D．Play with the Komodo dragon.
22．Which of the following parks is the biggest
A．Teide National Park. B．Komodo National Park.
C．Tongariro National Park. D．Namib-Naukluft National Park.
23．What do the last two parks have in common
A．Both are well-known for their volcanoes. B．Both own more than 100 plant species.
C．Both ate perfect choices for skiers. D．Both feature golden dunes.
B
Working at an investment bank in New York City in the mid-2010s. Anna Sacks was living the life—just not the life she wanted. Sure, she was happy. But she wanted to do something that felt important and was fulfilling on a deeper level.
Sacks packed up her life and moved to Connecticut for three months to participate in Adamah, a Jewish farming program that focuses on sustainable living and growing sustainable food. The Adamah program opened Sacks’s eyes to the damage consumer culture is doing on a local, national, and global level, and the need to find solutions. From then on, she began what she calls “trash (垃圾) walking.”
While walking around her neighborhood, Sacks, 31, picked through rubbish to look for reusable items. Soon, her trash walks expanded to include company rubbish along with residential trash. Surprisingly, she discovered a wide range of really great stuff—like clothing, dinnerware, and food—all of which she documents on Instagram and TikTok.
Under the name The Trash Walker, Sacks quickly gained popularity for her educational, funny, and surprising videos that highlight the problems with consumerism and share information about how to live a more sustainable life. “The root issue is overproduction, which leads to overconsumption, which leads to a large amount of waste,” she says. Sacks’s videos have gone viral many times, causing shockwaves through the industries she calls out.
Trash walking has given Sacks a nearly endless supply and she shares much of her “treasure” with others. She tries giving them informally to family, friends, or individuals she knows may need a specific item. Then she takes the remaining items to free stores so other New Yorkers can benefit from her treasure-hunting.
Sacks’s main focus is simply getting people to pay attention to how many unnecessary things they buy and then throw away. “Once you become aware of the way you consume, you can see ways you improve,” she says.
24．What inspired Sacks to begin her “trash walking”
A．Her desire to live a richer life. B．The great need for household stuff.
C．Her involvement in a project. D．The wish to be an Internet star.
25．What do Sacks’ videos focus on
A．Funny stories. B．Views on consumption.
C．Educational courses. D．Solutions to problems.
26．How does Sacks deal with her trash
A．She donates all to the charity. B．She keeps most for her family.
C．She gives away much to others. D．She sells some to individuals.
27．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Trash Walker: Find Treasure in Trash. B．Trash Walking: A Tough Journey.
C．Trash Walker: Live in the Moment. D．Trash Walking: A New Career.
C
It’s no secret that sleep is important to your overall health, but a lack of sleep could have great effects on your heart, a new study shows. The researchers said people with insomnia(失眠症)are more likely to have a heart attack.
Insomnia is the most common sleep disorder in the US, the researchers wrote in their report, noting that 10% to 15% of people in the US struggle with it. The meta-analysis of previously published research suggests that the potential association between insomnia and heart attack risk is strongest in women.
Dr. Martha Gulati, director of prevention at the Cedars-Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, said that most of her patients are women and that insomnia is a noted risk factor for women who have had any form of ischemic heart disease. “We see it probably in 1 in 10 patients in the United States,” said Gulati, who was not involved in the new research. “It is my impression that almost everyone experiences insomnia at some point in their life. The estimate is that 1 in 2 adults experience it at some point in their life, maybe in the short term because of stressful moments.”
For their analysis, the researchers defined insomnia as a sleep disorder with three main symptoms(症状): Difficulty falling asleep, difficulty staying asleep and waking early and being unable to fall back asleep.
The study also found an association between increased heart attack risk and how long a participant slept each night. Those who slept five hours or less had the highest association with heart attack risk and were 1.56 times more likely to have a heart attack than people who slept seven or eight hours. Longer sleep duration wasn’t always more protective. The study found that people who slept six hours a night had a lower risk of a heart attack than those who slept nine hours or more. “A lot of studies have pointed somewhere between seven and eight hours of sleep being the magic number for us,” another researcher said. “There is obviously variability for everyone, but too much sleep is rarely the issue.”
28．What’s the function of the first paragraph
A．To list a fact. B．To warn the readers.
C．To introduce the topic. D．To draw the readers’ interest.
29．What can we infer from Gulati words
A．Insomnia is unavoidable in the short term.
B．Insomnia is a common phenomenon in life.
C．Heart attack often happens during insomnia.
D．Women are less experienced in dealing with insomnia.
30．What inspiration can we get according to the sleeping time
A．Put quality before quantity. B．Too much is as bad as too little.
C．Bite off more than one can chew. D．Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst.
31．What’s the author’s attitude to the relationship between insomnia and heart attack
A．Pessimistic. B．Indifferent. C．Objective. D．Positive.
D
Work starts early on White Gate Farm in East Lyme, Connecticut. By 7 a. m., farm manager Dan Wood was at the East Lyme Post Office dropping off a box of fresh produce that later in the day would be delivered by mail to Chelsea Gubbins, who lives across town.
White Gate Farm is a member of Farmers Post, a pilot programme that enables smallholder farms across eastern Connecticut to ship fresh produce and other farm products to local households through the United States Postal Service (USPS). Farmers Post takes advantage of a USPS programme called Connect Local that allows small businesses to offer same-day and next-day delivery at a fixed low cost.
Food remains in the fields because either market prices are too low or the cost of the workforce is too high, or because the size and shape of the produce make it unattractive to stores. Each year, around 10 million tons of crops never get harvested, causing about 16% of total US food loss and waste.
“Food that is wasted has a much larger influence than just the loss of the food itself,” says Julia Kurnik, senior director of Innovation Start-ups at WWF. “Everything that went into growing it goes out the window as well—the water, the land, and the energy. And as the food breaks down, it produces greenhouse gases. The bad effects amplify greatly.”
Besides reducing food waste, selling farm products directly to local customers cuts down on the cross-country shipping of food grown in California or elsewhere. This reduces the so-called food miles that researchers believe cause about 6% of the world’s greenhouse gases. Fruits and vegetables, which are often transported out of season and require refrigeration, produce lots of greenhouse gases between farms and people’s plates.
Wood understands that Farmers Post can help to end that waste. “Farming is kind of like cooking for a big group.” he says. “This is helping us get right on the money, using almost 100% of what we grow and harvest.”
32．Why was Farmers Post started
A．To provide professional modern farming methods.
B．To create more delivery jobs for local people
C．To pick up and carry customers to different farms.
D．To make the delivery of produce easier and cheaper.
33．What may cause some US crops to remain unharvested according to the text
A．The limited need for farm products. B．The shortage of workers and harvesting tool.
C．Their low value and poor quality. D．Bad weather and road conditions.
34．What does the underlined word “amplify” mean in Paragraph 4
A．Increase. B．Slow. C．Switch. D．Weaken.
35．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．The Food Safety Movement Has Met Some Challenges
B．A Farm-to-Table Programme Helps Reduce Food Waste
C．Farmers Post Explores Ways to Make High-Quality Products
D．Small Farms Play a Leading Role in Serving Communities
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Habits Of Highly Successful Students Never Over-Study
When you spend too much time studying you will quickly lose focus and the time spent in studying will become ‘junk time’. You think you're studying but you're just sitting there re-reading the same sentence about 100 times and you're not getting anywhere. Instead, take regular breaks. 36 Besides, it will give your mind some time to take in what you have been doing.
37
Top students don't just randomly sit down and complete work. They actually plan what they are going to do: They actually plan the time they will study and they set goals for what will be achieved. If you want to be successful, do as successful people do. Set a plan and, set a goal and stick to it, which will create a routine and a routine is the first step towards developing a habit. 38
Front Up To The Toughest Work First
Many of us like to do the easy things first to build our confidence. That’s fair enough. The only challenge with this approach is that you use up your primary energy at the start of any study period and so if you are dealing with the easy parts with your primary energy your batteries will be low when it comes the time to deal with the hard part. So what happens then 39 We all do it. We really shouldn't, though. So develop the habit of giving your primary energy to the hard tasks and completing the easy stuff last.
40
Do we really have to explain this Just turn them off for an hour, we promise the world will still be there when you log back in! Don't text your friends, don't chat while doing memory activities，don't make phone calls, just focus on what you're doing. Even if you focus on work' for 15 minutes followed by 5 mins of chatting, it’s better than 30 minutes of work while also chatting! You get that right
A．Plan Your Study
B．Achieve Your Goal
C．Positive habits decide future success.
D．Taking breaks can make you get everywhere.
E．You get tired and impatient and just give up.
F．Get Off Social Networking Sites And Turn Off The Phone
G．Taking breaks will make you energetic again and refresh your mind.
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A pet Doberman sniffed (嗅) out a “perfect” kidney donor for its 44-year-old dying owner.
44-year-old Lucy was told she had 5 years to 41 by doctors. They said the 42 of her finding a donor was 1 in 20 million. Lucy spent years on the 43 until she found her saviour by total coincidence on a Welsh beach.
She and her partner, Cenydd, had taken their dogs Jake and Indie to Barry Island Beach and Indie kept running off to a 44 about 100 yards away and would not leave her alone. Indie went over like three times, back and forward to her. Cenydd thought it was not 45 of their dog to 46 a woman they didn’t know. 47 , Cenydd went over to apologize, and 48 her over to their barbecue.
The three started chatting and eating. The stranger Indie was bothering (打扰) 49 to be Katie, 40, from Barry. When Lucy mentioned she couldn’t drink alcohol as she was on dialysis, Katie said she had recently joined the kidney donation register to make a(n) 50 donation. They 51 telephone numbers, and to be honest Lucy didn’t think anything else would come of it. After blood 52 and scans, the result came back: Katie was a perfect 53 . Lucy was so 54 that she couldn’t believe it. The transplant 55 in October 2022 and it was a total success. Katie, Lucy and Cenydd have remained friends since the donation and have a group chat which they’ve called “the Kidney Gang”.
41．A．stay B．act C．live D．leave
42．A．choice B．way C．ability D．chance
43．A．waiting list B．shopping list C．mailing list D．reading list
44．A．friend B．stranger C．helper D．worker
45．A．special B．frank C．contradictory D．polite
46．A．recognize B．bother C．treat D．help
47．A．Eventually B．Secretly C．Obviously D．Indirectly
48．A．invested B．advised C．invited D．allowed
49．A．turned out B．came out C．made out D．looked out
50．A．available B．different C．selfless D．shiny
51．A．changed B．charged C．showed D．exchanged
52．A．texts B．tests C．treatment D．loss
53．A．match B．assistant C．player D．result
54．A．amused B．surprised C．scared D．lucky
55．A．took off B．speeded up C．broke out D．took place
第Ⅱ卷（满分55分）
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（每空一词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Paris 2024 Olympic Games will be held from July 26 to August 11 and the Paralympics from August 28 to September 8．
Phrygian caps (弗里吉亚帽) will be the Olympic and Paralympic Games mascots (吉祥物) in celebration of the French revolution’s spirit, which is not only a symbol of revolution, 56 (free), and struggles, but it’s an icon (标志) seen over centuries, from the Notre Dame Cathedral to 57 Eiffel Tower. More specifically, it’s the red cap famously 58 (wear) by Marianne, the artistic representative of the free French republic. The Phryges (弗里热) aim 59 (show) sport can not only change everything, but it deserves to have a vital place in 60 (we) society as well.
The Phrygian caps were favoured over animals 61 mostly have been the 62 (one) choice in other Olympics for ages — such as the “Bing Dwen Dwen” panda at the 2022 Winter Games in Beijing. The mascot must represent the French spirit. It’s a kind of belief that 63 (carry) the values of France and has been built up over time.
The red Phrygian caps come in two versions — the Olympic one and the Paralympic one with a blade (镰刀) leg. As happens, when a national spirit is combined 64 the Olympic spirit, the mascots are also being packaged into nearly 10,000 types of products, ranging from toys to clothes, electronics 65 trunks.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
假定你是李华，为了弘扬中国传统文化，上周六你校在学校礼堂举办了高二年级中国诗词大赛。请你就本次活动为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1.参赛对象；
2.比赛过程；
3.比赛意义。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
6-year-old Quinn Hill became her family’s hero when she took immediate action during an emergency that saved her mother’s life with the help of her neighbor, Mrs. Smith.
Jennifer, a 39-year-old single mother, began the day by sending her child, Hill, to school. Having no idea what would happen, Jennifer was filled with anxiety. After all, it was the first day of a new school year for Hill, a fresh start! On the way school. she repeatedly reminded Hill to solve problems positively and fit in. Though worried, Jennifer had to wave goodbye to her daughter, watching her towards the school gate.
The whole day was packed with housework. Jennifer tidied the house, washed clothes, and prepared for the evening meal. As the school bell rang, signaling the end of the day, Jennifer picked Hill up from school. On seeing Jennifer, Hill couldn’t wait to hug her, sharing the school experiences. Chatting and laughing accompanied them all the way. Hill’s innocent laughter was like Jennifer’s ray of sunshine.
Approaching home, they encountered Mrs. Smith, a most kind and thoughtful housewife living in their neighborhood for many years. Mrs. Smith often invited Jennifer and Hill to her home and shared her homemade desserts and cookies. The two families developed a close relationship and Hill liked to stay with Mrs. Smith, who always brightened her days with willingness and timely help. After exchanging greetings, they went back to their own homes.
On arriving home, Jennifer set out to prepare dinner. As the sun began to set, the house was full of a pleasant smell of cooking food. Jennifer and Hill sat at the kitchen table when Jennifer suddenly began to seize. She was sitting in a chair, looking up at the ceiling. and experiencing abnormal breathing. She then fell out of the chair onto her left side, her hands balled into fists, and her body was shaking violently. Her eyes were open, and Hill kept calling “Mommy, Mommy”, but she could not respond.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Realizing the severe situation, Hill ran out for help. Jennifer finally came to herself in the hospital.
高二英语试题（2444）参考答案
第一部分 听力
1-5 BABCC 6-10 ABACB 11-15 ABAAB 16-20 CCACB
第二部分 阅读
21．C 22．D 23．A
【来源】江苏省徐州市第七中学2023-2024学年高二下学期3月考试英语试题
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上最大的四个国家公园。
21．细节理解题。根据Komodo中的“With over 1, 000 species of fish, 260 species of coral, and countless sea animals, this is an ideal spot to swim with sharks, whales, dolphins and more. (这里有1000多种鱼类、260种珊瑚和数不清的海洋动物，是与鲸鱼、海豚等一起游泳的理想场所。)”可知，游客在科莫多国家公园可以近距离接触海洋生物。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据文章每一部分的开头进行判断。“Komodo Area:1,733 km2 (Komodo 面积：1733平方公里)”，“Namib-Naukluft Area: 49,768km2(Namib-Naukluft 面积：49768平方公里)，“Tongariro Area:795km2 (Tongariro面积：795平方公里)”，“Teide Area:190km2 (Teide 面积：190平方公里)”可知，Namib-Naukluft国家公园是最大的。故选D。
23．细节理解题。根据Tongariro中的“As New Zealand’s oldest national park, Tongariro National Park is home to three active volcanoes.(作为新西兰最古老的国家公园，Tongariro国家公园是三座活火山的所在地。)”以及Teide中的“Mount Teide is also the third largest volcanic structure on the planet. (Teide山也是地球上第三大火山结构。)”可知，最后两个公园有的共同点是两者都以火山闻名。故选A。
24．C 25．B 26．C 27．A
【来源】山东省潍坊市2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位名叫Anna Sacks的女性的生活经历和她对可持续生活方式的独特贡献，她通过“垃圾漫步”来减少浪费，提高人们对可持续生活方式的认识。
24．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Sacks packed up her life and moved to Connecticut for three months to participate in Adamah, a Jewish farming program that focuses on sustainable living and growing sustainable food. The Adamah program opened Sacks’s eyes to the damage consumer culture is doing on a local, national, and global level, and the need to find solutions. From then on, she began what she calls “trash (垃圾) walking.”(Sacks结束了自己的生活，搬到了康涅狄格州，在那里住了三个月，参加了一个名为Adamah的犹太农业项目，该项目专注于可持续的生活和种植可持续的食物。Adamah项目让Sacks看到了消费文化在地方、国家和全球层面上造成的损害，以及找到解决方案的必要性。从那时起，她开始了她所谓的“垃圾漫步”)”可知，Sacks参加了一个项目后，看到了消费文化在地方、国家和全球层面上造成的损害，以及找到解决方案的必要性，于是她开始了“垃圾漫步”。故选C。
25．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Under the name The Trash Walker, Sacks quickly gained popularity for her educational, funny, and surprising videos that highlight the problems with consumerism and share information about how to live a more sustainable life. “The root issue is overproduction, which leads to overconsumption, which leads to a large amount of waste,” she says. (Sacks以“垃圾漫步者”的名字迅速走红，因为她的有教育性的、有趣和令人惊讶的视频突出了消费主义的问题，并分享了如何过上更可持续的生活的信息。她说：“根本问题是生产过剩，生产过剩导致消费过剩，消费过剩导致大量浪费。”)”可知，Sacks的视频主要是和消费主义相关，包括她对消费的看法。故选B。
26．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Trash walking has given Sacks a nearly endless supply and she shares much of her “treasure” with others. She tries giving them informally to family, friends, or individuals she knows may need a specific item. Then she takes the remaining items to free stores so other New Yorkers can benefit from her treasure-hunting.(“垃圾漫步”给Sacks了几乎无穷无尽的供应，她与他人分享了她的大部分“宝藏”。她试着把它们非正式地送给家人、朋友或她知道可能需要某件特定物品的个人。然后，她把剩下的东西送到免费商店，这样其他纽约人就可以从她的寻宝活动中受益)”可知，Sacks将大部分的垃圾送给了家人、朋友和免费商店。故选C。
27．主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，文章主要介绍了Anna Sacks通过“垃圾漫步”活动在垃圾中寻找可重复使用的物品，并将这些“宝藏”分享给他人的故事。因此，A选项“Trash Walker: Find Treasure in Trash (垃圾漫步者：在垃圾中寻找宝藏)”最符合文章的主题和主要内容，能够准确概括文章的核心思想。故选A。
28．C 29．B 30．A 31．C
【来源】山东省临沂市沂水县2022-2023学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论的是睡眠不足对心脏健康的影响。
28．推理判断题。根据第一段“It’s no secret that sleep is important to your overall health, but a lack of sleep could have great effects on your heart, a new study shows. The researchers said people with insomnia are more likely to have a heart attack.(众所周知，睡眠对你的整体健康很重要，但一项新研究显示，睡眠不足可能对你的心脏有很大影响。研究人员说，失眠症更容易患心脏病)”可知，本段主要介绍了一项新的研究，即，睡眠不足可能对你的心脏有很大影响，故第一段的作用是引出文章的主题：睡眠不足对心脏健康的影响。故选C。
29．推理判断题。根据第三段中““We see it probably in 1 in 10 patients in the United States,” said Gulati, who was not involved in the new research. “It is my impression that almost everyone experiences insomnia at some point in their life. The estimate is that 1 in 2 adults experience it at some point in their life, maybe in the short term because of stressful moments.”(Gulati说：“在美国，我们发现每10名患者中就有1人患有这种疾病。” Gulati没有参与这项新研究。“在我的印象中，几乎每个人都在人生的某个阶段经历过失眠。据估计，每两个成年人中就有一个在他们生命中的某个时刻经历过这种情况，也许是短期的，因为压力大。”)”可知，从Gulati看来，失眠是生活中的常见现象，因为几乎每个人都在人生的某个阶段经历过失眠。故选B。
30．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段可知“Those who slept five hours or less had the highest association with heart attack risk and were 1.56 times more likely to have a heart attack than people who slept seven or eight hours. Longer sleep duration wasn’t always more protective. The study found that people who slept six hours a night had a lower risk of a heart attack than those who slept nine hours or more. “A lot of studies have pointed somewhere between seven and eight hours of sleep being the magic number for us,” another researcher said. “There is obviously variability for everyone, but too much sleep is rarely the issue.”(睡5小时或更少的人患心脏病的风险最高，比睡7或8小时的人患心脏病的可能性高1.56倍。更长的睡眠时间并不总是更有保护作用。研究发现，每晚睡6个小时的人比睡9个小时或更长时间的人患心脏病的风险更低。另一位研究人员说：“很多研究都指出，7到8小时的睡眠对我们来说是一个神奇的数字。显然每个人都有不同的情况，但睡眠过多并不是问题所在。”)”可知，睡眠不到5小时的人患心脏病的风险最高，同时，更长的睡眠时间并不总是更有保护作用，即，并不是睡眠时间越长越好，文章强调每个人的最优睡眠时长是不同的，因此睡眠的时长并不重要，重要的是睡眠质量，由此推断A选项“Put quality before quantity( 重质轻量)”符合文章题意。故选A。
31．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知“Those who slept five hours or less had the highest association with heart attack risk and were 1.56 times more likely to have a heart attack than people who slept seven or eight hours. Longer sleep duration wasn’t always more protective. The study found that people who slept six hours a night had a lower risk of a heart attack than those who slept nine hours or more. (睡5小时或更少的人患心脏病的风险最高，比睡7或8小时的人患心脏病的可能性高1.56倍。更长的睡眠时间并不总是更有保护作用。研究发现，每晚睡6个小时的人比睡9个小时或更长时间的人患心脏病的风险更低)”可知，睡5小时或更少的人患心脏病的风险最高，比睡7或8小时的人患心脏病的可能性高1.56倍；每晚睡6个小时的人比睡9个小时或更长时间的人患心脏病的风险更低，即，作者通过列举数据说明失眠与心脏病之间的关系，即，睡眠时间（失眠）与心脏病之间的关系并不是绝对的，而是因人而异不同的。故作者对此关系的态度是客观的。故选C。
32．D 33．C 34．A 35．B
【来源】河北省邯郸市2023-2024学年高二下学期一调考试英语试题（十校联考）
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。该文章介绍了美国康涅狄格州的一个小型农场 White Gate Farm 通过邮政局的 Connect Local 项目将农产品送到当地居民的故事。这个项目不仅帮助农场直接销售农产品减少了食品浪费，还减少了其他地方运输水果和蔬菜带来的温室气体排放。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“White Gate Farm is a member of Farmers Post, a pilot programme that enables smallholder farms across eastern Connecticut to ship fresh produce and other farm products to local households through the United States Postal Service (USPS). Farmers Post takes advantage of a USPS programme called Connect Local that allows small businesses to offer same-day and next-day delivery at a fixed low cost.(White Gate农场是农民邮政的成员，农民邮政是一个试点项目，使康涅狄格州东部的小农场能够通过美国邮政服务将新鲜农产品和其他农产品运送到当地家庭。Farmers Post利用了USPS 的一个名为Connect Local 的项目，该项目允许小企业以固定的低成本提供当日和次日送达服务)”可知，该项目使康涅狄格州东部的小农场能够通过美国邮政服务将新鲜农产品和其他农产品运送到当地家庭，允许小企业以固定的低成本提供当日和次日送达服务，由此可知，该项目使农产品的运输更容易，更便宜。故选D项。
33．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Food remains in the fields because either market prices are too low or the cost of the workforce is too high, or because the size and shape of the produce make it unattractive to stores.(粮食留在地里，要么是因为市场价格太低，要么是因为劳动力成本太高，要么是因为农产品的大小和形状对商店没有吸引力。)”可知，因为农产品的市场价格低，大小和形状对商店没有吸引力作物被留在地里未能收获；由此可知，是农产品的价格低、质量差导致美国的很多作物依旧没有收获，留在地里。故选C项。
34．词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的内容“Everything that went into growing it goes out the window as well-the water, the land, and the energy. And as the food breaks down, it produces greenhouse gases.(种植农产品所需使用的水、土地和能源等全部都白费了，因为随着食物的分解，它们还会产生温室气体。)”可知，浪费食物就意味着种植食物时消耗的水，土地和能源是被浪费的，同时分解食物又产生了温室气体，因此糟糕的影响是在不断增加的，所以画线词与“增加”意义相近。故选A项。
35．主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“White Gate Farm is a member of Farmers Post, a pilot programme that enables smallholder farms across eastern Connecticut to ship fresh produce and other farm products to local households through the United States Postal Service (USPS).( White Gate农场是农民邮政的成员，农民邮政是一个试点项目，使康涅狄格州东部的小农场能够通过美国邮政服务将新鲜农产品和其他农产品运送到当地家庭。)”以及倒数第二段“Besides reducing food waste, selling farm products directly to local customers cuts down on the cross-country shipping of food grown in California or elsewhere.(除了减少食物浪费，直接向当地消费者销售农产品还减少了加州或其他地方种植的食物的跨国运输)”以及通读全文可知，该文章介绍了美国康涅狄格州的一个小型农场White Gate Farm通过农民邮政项目利用邮政局的Connect Local项目将农产品送到当地居民的故事，这个项目不仅帮助农场直接销售农产品减少了食品浪费，还减少了其他地方运输水果和蔬菜带来的温室气体排放，所以B项“一个从农场到餐桌的项目有助于减少食物浪费”概括了文章内容，符合标题。故选B项。
36．G 37．A 38．C 39．E 40．F
【来源】[中学联盟]黑龙江省友谊县红兴隆管理局第一高级中学2016-2017学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了特别成功的学生的一些习惯。
36．根据段落标题Never Over-Study和上文的句子Instead, take regular breaks.可知成功的学生从不过度学习，所以选项承接上文，说明休息所带来的益处。故G选项“适当的休息一下可以让你精力充沛，思维清楚”。切题。故选G。
37．根据下文Top students don’t just randomly(随意地) sit down and complete work. They actually plan what they are going to do. They actually plan the time they will study and they set goals for what will be achieved.可知，优秀的学生不会随意地坐下来完成工作。实际上他们计划了他们将要做什么，计划他们的学习时间和制定了要实现的目标。因此本段主要讲述成功的学生计划他们的学习也就是空处所要说明的内容。故A选项“计划你的学习”切题。故选A。
38．根据上一句Set a plan and, set a goal and stick to it, which create a routine and a routine is the first step towards developing a habit.可知，制定一个计划，设定一个目标并坚持下去，这就创造了一个习惯，而习惯是养成习惯的第一步。所以空处是对本段的总结。故C选项“积极肯定的习惯决定未来的成功”切题。故选C。
39．根据上文Many of us like to do the easy things first to build our confidence.可知，我们很多人喜欢做容易的事情来增强自信。接着说your batteries will be low when it comes the time to deal with the hard part.当处理艰难部分的时候，你的精力将会降低。So what happens then 所以接下来什么会发生？下文讲述We all do it. We really shouldn’t, though.我们都在那样做，然而我们不应该。因此推断空格处应是：你变得厌烦和不耐烦，只是要放弃。故E选项“你变得厌烦和不耐烦，只是要放弃”切题。故选E。
40．根据这段中的Just turn them off for an hour; we promise the world will still be there when you log back in. Don’t text your friends; don’t chat while doing memory activities; don’t make phone calls; just focus on what you're doing.只是关掉一个小时；当你重新登录世界将仍然在哪里。不要给你的朋友发短信；在做记忆活动时不要聊天；不要打电话；只是集中精力你正在做的事情。因此推断标题是“关掉社交网址并关掉电话”。故F选项“关掉社交网址并关掉电话”切题。故选F。
第三部分 英语知识运用
41．C 42．D 43．A 44．B 45．D 46．B 47．A 48．C 49．A 50．C 51．D 52．B 53．A 54．B 55．D
【来源】河南省部分重点高中2023-2024学年高二下学期第一次质量检测英语试题
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是一位等待肾源的女士，被医生告知获得完美肾源的几率微乎其微，然而，因为她的狗，她却在沙滩上偶遇了自己的完美肾源提供人。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：44岁的露西被医生告知她只能再活5年。A. stay停留；B. act行动；C. live生存，活着；D. leave离开。根据下文“her finding a donor was 1 in 20 million”可知，她找到捐献者的几率特别小，所以只有五年可活了。故选C。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们说她找到捐献者的几率是两千万分之一。A. choice选择；B. way方法；C. ability能力；D. chance可能性。根据下文“was 1 in 20 million”可知，两千万分之一是她找到捐献者的几率，也就是一种可能性。故选D。
43．考查名词短语辨析。句意：露西在等待名单上等了好几年，直到她在威尔士的一个海滩上偶然发现了她的救世主。A. waiting list等待名单；B. shopping list购物清单；C. mailing list邮寄名单；D. reading list阅读清单。根据上文“finding a donor”可知，她找到捐献者的几率特别小，所以在等待名单上等了好几年。故选A。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她和她的伴侣Cenydd带着他们的狗Jake和Indie去了巴里岛海滩，Indie一直跑向100码外的一个陌生人，不让她一个人呆着。A. friend朋友；B. stranger陌生人；C. helper帮手；D. worker工人。根据下文“a woman they didn’t know”可知，他们不认识那个女人，所以那个女人对他们来说是陌生人。故选B。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Cenydd认为他们的狗打扰一个他们不认识的女人是不礼貌的。A. special特别的；B. frank坦白的；C. contradictory相互矛盾的；D. polite礼貌的。根据上文“Indie kept running off to a __4__ about 100 yards away and would not leave her alone. Indie went over like three times, back and forward to her”可知，他们的狗不停地去打扰一个陌生人，这是不礼貌的。故选D。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Cenydd认为他们的狗打扰一个他们不认识的女人是不礼貌的。A. recognize识别；B. bother打扰；C. treat对待；D. help帮助。根据下文“Cenydd went over to apologize”Cenydd去道歉和“The stranger Indie was bothering ( 打扰)”可知，他们认为狗的行为打扰了那个女士。故选B。
47．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，Cenydd走过去道歉，并邀请她去参加他们的烧烤。A. Eventually最后；B. Secretly秘密地；C. Obviously显然；D. Indirectly间接地。根据下文“Cenydd went over to apologize”可知，Cenydd是最后去道歉。故选A。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，Cenydd走过去道歉，并邀请她去参加他们的烧烤。A. invested投资；B. advised建议；C. invited邀请；D. allowed允许。根据下文“to their barbecue”可知，Cenydd道完歉以后邀请她去参加他们的烧烤。故选C。
49．考查动词短语辨析。句意：原来，Indie骚扰的陌生人是来自Barry的40岁的Katie。A. turned out结果是；B. came out出来；C. made out辨认，看清；D. looked out小心。根据下文“to be Katie, 40, from Barry”可知，那个陌生人原来是来自Barry的40岁的Katie，turn out to be意为“原来是”。故选A。
50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当露西提到她在做透析时不能喝酒时，凯蒂说她最近加入了肾脏捐赠登记，要做出无私的捐赠。A. available可获得的；B. different不同的 ；C. selfless无私的；D. shiny闪亮的。根据上文“joined the kidney donation register”可知，她最近加入了肾脏捐赠登记，打算进行无私的捐赠。故选C。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们交换了电话号码，老实说，露西认为这件事不会有别的结果。A. changed改变；B. charged收费；C. showed展示；D. exchanged交换。根据下文“telephone numbers”可知，她们是交换电话号码以便联系。故选D。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在验血和扫描之后，结果出来了：凯蒂是一个完美的匹配。A. texts正文；B. tests化验；C. treatment对待；D. loss损失。根据下文“the result came back”可知，在验血和扫描之后才会出来结果，空格处意为“化验”。故选B。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在验血和扫描之后，结果出来了：凯蒂是一个完美的匹配者。A. match相配的人（或物）；B. assistant助手；C. player球员；D. result结果。根据上文“A pet Doberman sniffed ( 嗅) out a “perfect” kidney donor for its 44-year-old dying owner.(一只宠物杜宾犬为其44岁的垂死主人嗅出了一个“完美”的肾脏捐献者)”和下文“The transplant”可知，她们进行了移植，所以凯蒂是一个完美的匹配者。故选A。
54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：露西惊讶得简直不敢相信。A. amused觉得好笑的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. scared害怕的；D. lucky幸运的。根据上文“Katie was a perfect ___13__”和下文“she couldn’t believe it”可知，Katie是完美的匹配者，露西惊讶得简直不敢相信。故选B。
55．考查动词短语辨析。句意：移植手术于2022年10月进行，手术非常成功。A. took off起飞；B. speeded up加速；C. broke out爆发；D. took place发生。根据下文“in October 2022 and it was a total success”可知，移植手术在2022年10月进行，空格处意为“发生”。故选D。
56．freedom 57．the 58．worn 59．to show 60．our 61．that/which 62．first 63．carries 64．with 65．and
【来源】河南省部分重点高中2023-2024学年高二下学期第一次质量检测英语试题
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了2024年巴黎奥运会和残奥会的吉祥物——弗里吉亚帽，它承载的是法国的精神和价值观，帽子被设计成两种版本，分别代表奥运会和残奥会。
56．考查名词。句意：弗里吉亚帽将成为奥运会和残奥会的吉祥物，以庆祝法国大革命的精神，它不仅是革命、自由和斗争的象征，而且是几个世纪以来从巴黎圣母院到埃菲尔铁塔都能看到的标志。分析句子可知，空处和revolution以及struggles并列，作of的宾语，应用free的名词形式freedom，意为“自由”，是不可数名词。故填freedom。
57．考查冠词。句意：弗里吉亚帽将成为奥运会和残奥会的吉祥物，以庆祝法国大革命的精神，它不仅是革命、自由和斗争的象征，而且是几个世纪以来从巴黎圣母院到埃菲尔铁塔都能看到的标志。the Eiffel Tower是固定表达，意为“埃菲尔铁塔”。故填the。
58．考查非谓语动词。句意：更具体地说，是自由法兰西共和国的艺术代表玛丽安娜戴的著名红帽子。分析句子可知，空处作cap的后置定语，是非谓语动词，wear“穿，戴”和cap逻辑上是被动关系，应用wear的过去分词形式。故填worn。
59．考查非谓语动词。句意：弗里热旨在展示体育不仅可以改变一切，而且它也应该在我们的社会中占有重要的地位。固定短语aim to do sth.表示“旨在做某事”，空处应用show的不定式形式，作宾语。故填to show。
60．考查代词。句意：弗里热旨在展示体育不仅可以改变一切，而且它也应该在我们的社会中占有重要的地位。分析句子可知，空处是修饰society的成分，应用形容词性物主代词our。故填our。
61．考查定语从句。句意：相比于那些长期以来一直是其他奥运会首选的动物——比如2022年北京冬奥会的“冰墩墩”大熊猫，弗里吉亚帽更受欢迎。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词animals，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which作引导词。故填that/which。
62．考查序数词。句意：相比于那些长期以来一直是其他奥运会首选的动物——比如2022年北京冬奥会的“冰墩墩”大熊猫，弗里吉亚帽更受欢迎。根据空前的“the”和空后的“choice”可知，空处应用序数词first，意为“第一位的，最先的”，the first choice意为“第一选择”，指优先选用的选项或方案。故填first。
63．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这是一种信仰，承载着法国的价值观，是随着时间的推移而建立起来的。分析句子可知，空处作that引导的定语从句的谓语，主语that指代先行词a kind of belief，为单数概念，此处描述通常性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，且主语是单数，carry“承载”应用第三人称单数形式。故填carries。
64．考查介词。句意：当一种民族精神与奥林匹克精神相结合时，吉祥物也被包装成近万种产品，从玩具到服装、电子产品和皮箱。根据“a national spirit is combined”和“the Olympic spirit”可推知，此处用固定短语be combined with表示“与……结合”。故填with。
65．考查连词。句意：当一种民族精神与奥林匹克精神相结合时，吉祥物也被包装成近万种产品，从玩具到服装、电子产品和皮箱。分析句子可知，空处连接前后并列的名词clothes、electronics和trunks，应用意为“和，与”的并列连词and。故填and。
第四部分 写作
66．
Last Saturday witnessed a Chinese poetry contest for the Senior Two Students in the school hall.
Aimed at promoting traditional Chinese culture, the poetry contest kicked off at 9 a. m. After the headmaster’s speech, twenty students from different classes competed with each other. Their performance deeply impressed the audience. The highlight of the contest came when some contestants composed poems on the spot making the students gasp in admiration.
The contest turned out to be a total success. Not only did it provide a platform for students to show their remarkable talents but it also aroused their interest in Chinese poetry culture.
【来源】河南省南阳市第一中学校2023-2024学年高二下学期第一次月考英语试题
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇关于上周六你校在学校礼堂举办了高二年级中国诗词大赛的报道，内容包括：1.参赛对象；2.比赛过程；3.比赛意义。
【详解】1.词汇积累
提供：provide→ offer 开始：kicked off → begin 比赛：contest→ match 引起：arouse→ lead to
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：After the headmaster’s speech, twenty students from different classes competed with each other.
拓展句：After the headmaster’s speech, twenty students who came from different classes competed with each other.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The highlight of the contest came when some contestants composed poems on the spot making the students gasp in admiration.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句）
【高分句型2】Not only did it provide a platform for students to show their remarkable talents but it also aroused their interest in Chinese poetry culture.（运用了not only... but...引导的部分倒装句）
67．
Realizing the severe situation, Hill ran out for help. She dashed to Mrs. Smith’s house, her small heart racing. “Mrs. Smith, come quick! Mommy’s not moving!” she cried, her voice trembling with fear. Mrs. Smith, ever the composed neighbor, followed Hill without delay, immediately recognizing the urgency of the situation. Upon entering Jennifer’s home, Mrs. Smith found her on the floor, seizing. “Call 911, Hill, and stay on the line,” she instructed, her voice steady as she began first aid. Hill, though scared, managed to relay the emergency to the operator, her mother’s lifeline.
Jennifer finally came to herself in the hospital. The sterile environment formed a stark contrast to the warmth of her kitchen. As she regained consciousness, she saw Hill’s tearful face and Mrs. Smith’s comforting presence. The relief was palpable; she knew her quick-thinking daughter and reliable neighbor had saved her life, reinforcing the bond of their little family and the community that supported them.
【来源】2024届山东省济南市高三下学期一模英语试题
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了六岁的昆恩·希尔在母亲詹妮弗突发紧急状况时，迅速采取行动，成为了家庭的英雄。詹妮弗在忙碌了一天家务后，在家中突发癫痫。意识到情况严重的希尔立即向邻居史密斯夫人求助。在史密斯夫人的帮助下，他们及时联系了紧急救援服务，确保詹妮弗得到了及时的医疗救助，从而挽救了她的生命。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①根据第一段首句“希尔意识到了问题的严重，赶紧跑出去求助。”可知，希尔看到母亲晕倒后就赶紧跑出去求助了，很可能是跑到了邻居家里。邻居听到求助后肯定会及时施救，希尔的妈妈最终会得救。
②根据第二段首句“詹妮弗在医院中苏醒了过来。”可知，希尔的妈妈最终果然得救了，但是晕倒在厨房的詹妮弗在医院醒来，一开始应该是感到疑惑，随后是感动，最后升华到邻里关系的重要。
2. 续写线索：厨房中晕倒——希尔赶紧向邻居求救——邻居紧急施救——詹妮弗在医院醒来——感到无比感动——升华。
3. 词汇激活：
行为类
疾跑：dash/sprint/hurdle 指示：instruct/direct/command 转达：relay/convey/transmit 恢复：regain/recover/retrieve
情绪类
发抖：trembling/shaking/quivering 镇定：composed/calmed/poise 害怕：fear/afraid/scared 宽慰relief/solace/alleviation
【点睛】
【高分句型1】She dashed to Mrs. Smith’s house, her small heart racing.（独立主格结构）
【高分句型2】As she regained consciousness, she saw Hill’s tearful face and Mrs. Smith’s comforting presence.（as引导的时间状语从句）
【高分句型3】The relief was palpable; she knew her quick-thinking daughter and reliable neighbor had saved her life, reinforcing the bond of their little family and the community that supported them.（现在分词作结果状语）
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
注意事项：
1. 答第Ⅰ卷前考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡上。
2. 选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。
3. 全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在试卷上无效。
第I卷（满分95分）
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．How is the weather today
A．Rainy. B．Sunny. C．Windy.
2．What does the woman mean
A．She has received the wrong dish.
B．She doesn’t like the taste of the food.
C．She recommends the chicken salad sandwich.
3．What makes the woman prefer the red-brick house
A．Its colorful garden. B．Its large yard. C．Its extra bedroom.
4．How does the man usually go to work
A．On foot. B．By car. C．By bus.
5．Where did the speakers meet last time
A．At Michael’s. B．At George’s. C．At Peter’s.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What is the man probably
A．A doctor. B．A nutritionist. C．A fitness instructor.
7．What is the man’s suggestion for the woman
A．Watching out for her weight. B．Doing some exercise daily. C．Going on a diet.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．What are the speakers mainly talking about
A．The art lesson. B．A professor. C．French painters.
9．What will the man do next
A．Study with Mike. B．Go to the library. C．Meet his cousin.
10．What time is it now
A．3:50 pm. B．4:05 pm. C．4:10 pm.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Classmates. B．Fellow workers. C．Teacher and student.
12．What did John Adams start the nonprofit for
A．Helping other teenagers.
B．Rescuing animals in danger.
C．Spreading scientific knowledge.
13．Why does the man want to know more about John Adams
A．To prepare for schoolwork.
B．To follow in his footsteps.
C．To write a book about heroes.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14．What does the man do in the supermarket
A．Deal with shelves. B．Work at the cash desk. C．Handle customers’ complaints.
15．How long has the man worked in the supermarket
A．For one week. B．For two weeks. C．For three weeks.
16．What does the woman advise the man to do
A．Change his job. B．Seize every chance. C．Apologize to the boss.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．Where did the speaker do the training in winter
A．In the gym. B．In the forest. C．In the field.
18．What did the speaker probably find relatively difficult to do
A．Standing in the right way. B．Holding the bow correctly. C．Placing the arrow properly.
19．What did the speaker mainly do to improve the shooting skills
A．He turned to the Internet.
B．He read relevant books.
C．He communicated with others.
20．Where did the speaker know the training
A．The website. B．The newspaper. C．The radio.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节（共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
Four of the world’s greatest national parks
Komodo
Location: Indonesia Area: 1,733km2
Home to the world’s largest lizard (蜥蜴), the Komodo dragon, Komodo National Park is made up of 29 islands in the centre of the Indonesian archipelago (群岛). The park’s three main islands of Komodo, Rinca and Padar make ideal destinations for divers, as the surrounding coral reefs support a vast amount of oceanic diversity. With over 1, 000 species of fish, 260 species of coral, and countless sea animals, this is an ideal spot to swim with sharks, whales, dolphins and more.
Namib-Naukluft
Location：Namibia Area: 49, 768km2
In the world’s oldest desert, the landscape moves. The golden dunes shift as winds blow and seasons pass. Visitors come to explore the dunes and it can be a real adventure. Jump in a 4×4 or hike across the sands on foot for a multi-day trail and you’ll soon find yourself deep in the Namibian wilderness. You’ll need a permit and doctor’s letter to take on the longer hikes, but one-day hikes give anyone a chance to see more of the Namib.
Tongariro
Location: New Zealand Area: 795km2
As New Zealand’s oldest national park, Tongariro National Park is home to three active volcanoes. And here’s the Tongariro. Alpine Crossing, a 19.4-kilometre hike that takes you across beautiful landscapes. This park also draws in skiers during the winter seasons. The biggest ski area, Whakapapa, covers 5.5km2 and has 15 lifts in all.
Teide
Location: Tenerife, Spain Area: 190km2
This park is home to Mount Teide, the highest peak in Spain. With a height of 3,718 metres, Mount Teide is also the third largest volcanic structure on the planet. Besides, Teide National Park possesses unique plants. The most unusual among the 139 recorded species is red bugloss, which has become the symbol of the park.
21．What can visitors do in Komodo National Park
A．Hike across the biggest ski area Whakapapa. B．Go diving on its 29 islands.
C．Have an up-close encounter with ocean life. D．Play with the Komodo dragon.
22．Which of the following parks is the biggest
A．Teide National Park. B．Komodo National Park.
C．Tongariro National Park. D．Namib-Naukluft National Park.
23．What do the last two parks have in common
A．Both are well-known for their volcanoes. B．Both own more than 100 plant species.
C．Both ate perfect choices for skiers. D．Both feature golden dunes.
B
Working at an investment bank in New York City in the mid-2010s. Anna Sacks was living the life—just not the life she wanted. Sure, she was happy. But she wanted to do something that felt important and was fulfilling on a deeper level.
Sacks packed up her life and moved to Connecticut for three months to participate in Adamah, a Jewish farming program that focuses on sustainable living and growing sustainable food. The Adamah program opened Sacks’s eyes to the damage consumer culture is doing on a local, national, and global level, and the need to find solutions. From then on, she began what she calls “trash (垃圾) walking.”
While walking around her neighborhood, Sacks, 31, picked through rubbish to look for reusable items. Soon, her trash walks expanded to include company rubbish along with residential trash. Surprisingly, she discovered a wide range of really great stuff—like clothing, dinnerware, and food—all of which she documents on Instagram and TikTok.
Under the name The Trash Walker, Sacks quickly gained popularity for her educational, funny, and surprising videos that highlight the problems with consumerism and share information about how to live a more sustainable life. “The root issue is overproduction, which leads to overconsumption, which leads to a large amount of waste,” she says. Sacks’s videos have gone viral many times, causing shockwaves through the industries she calls out.
Trash walking has given Sacks a nearly endless supply and she shares much of her “treasure” with others. She tries giving them informally to family, friends, or individuals she knows may need a specific item. Then she takes the remaining items to free stores so other New Yorkers can benefit from her treasure-hunting.
Sacks’s main focus is simply getting people to pay attention to how many unnecessary things they buy and then throw away. “Once you become aware of the way you consume, you can see ways you improve,” she says.
24．What inspired Sacks to begin her “trash walking”
A．Her desire to live a richer life. B．The great need for household stuff.
C．Her involvement in a project. D．The wish to be an Internet star.
25．What do Sacks’ videos focus on
A．Funny stories. B．Views on consumption.
C．Educational courses. D．Solutions to problems.
26．How does Sacks deal with her trash
A．She donates all to the charity. B．She keeps most for her family.
C．She gives away much to others. D．She sells some to individuals.
27．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Trash Walker: Find Treasure in Trash. B．Trash Walking: A Tough Journey.
C．Trash Walker: Live in the Moment. D．Trash Walking: A New Career.
C
It’s no secret that sleep is important to your overall health, but a lack of sleep could have great effects on your heart, a new study shows. The researchers said people with insomnia(失眠症)are more likely to have a heart attack.
Insomnia is the most common sleep disorder in the US, the researchers wrote in their report, noting that 10% to 15% of people in the US struggle with it. The meta-analysis of previously published research suggests that the potential association between insomnia and heart attack risk is strongest in women.
Dr. Martha Gulati, director of prevention at the Cedars-Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, said that most of her patients are women and that insomnia is a noted risk factor for women who have had any form of ischemic heart disease. “We see it probably in 1 in 10 patients in the United States,” said Gulati, who was not involved in the new research. “It is my impression that almost everyone experiences insomnia at some point in their life. The estimate is that 1 in 2 adults experience it at some point in their life, maybe in the short term because of stressful moments.”
For their analysis, the researchers defined insomnia as a sleep disorder with three main symptoms(症状): Difficulty falling asleep, difficulty staying asleep and waking early and being unable to fall back asleep.
The study also found an association between increased heart attack risk and how long a participant slept each night. Those who slept five hours or less had the highest association with heart attack risk and were 1.56 times more likely to have a heart attack than people who slept seven or eight hours. Longer sleep duration wasn’t always more protective. The study found that people who slept six hours a night had a lower risk of a heart attack than those who slept nine hours or more. “A lot of studies have pointed somewhere between seven and eight hours of sleep being the magic number for us,” another researcher said. “There is obviously variability for everyone, but too much sleep is rarely the issue.”
28．What’s the function of the first paragraph
A．To list a fact. B．To warn the readers.
C．To introduce the topic. D．To draw the readers’ interest.
29．What can we infer from Gulati words
A．Insomnia is unavoidable in the short term.
B．Insomnia is a common phenomenon in life.
C．Heart attack often happens during insomnia.
D．Women are less experienced in dealing with insomnia.
30．What inspiration can we get according to the sleeping time
A．Put quality before quantity. B．Too much is as bad as too little.
C．Bite off more than one can chew. D．Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst.
31．What’s the author’s attitude to the relationship between insomnia and heart attack
A．Pessimistic. B．Indifferent. C．Objective. D．Positive.
D
Work starts early on White Gate Farm in East Lyme, Connecticut. By 7 a. m., farm manager Dan Wood was at the East Lyme Post Office dropping off a box of fresh produce that later in the day would be delivered by mail to Chelsea Gubbins, who lives across town.
White Gate Farm is a member of Farmers Post, a pilot programme that enables smallholder farms across eastern Connecticut to ship fresh produce and other farm products to local households through the United States Postal Service (USPS). Farmers Post takes advantage of a USPS programme called Connect Local that allows small businesses to offer same-day and next-day delivery at a fixed low cost.
Food remains in the fields because either market prices are too low or the cost of the workforce is too high, or because the size and shape of the produce make it unattractive to stores. Each year, around 10 million tons of crops never get harvested, causing about 16% of total US food loss and waste.
“Food that is wasted has a much larger influence than just the loss of the food itself,” says Julia Kurnik, senior director of Innovation Start-ups at WWF. “Everything that went into growing it goes out the window as well—the water, the land, and the energy. And as the food breaks down, it produces greenhouse gases. The bad effects amplify greatly.”
Besides reducing food waste, selling farm products directly to local customers cuts down on the cross-country shipping of food grown in California or elsewhere. This reduces the so-called food miles that researchers believe cause about 6% of the world’s greenhouse gases. Fruits and vegetables, which are often transported out of season and require refrigeration, produce lots of greenhouse gases between farms and people’s plates.
Wood understands that Farmers Post can help to end that waste. “Farming is kind of like cooking for a big group.” he says. “This is helping us get right on the money, using almost 100% of what we grow and harvest.”
32．Why was Farmers Post started
A．To provide professional modern farming methods.
B．To create more delivery jobs for local people
C．To pick up and carry customers to different farms.
D．To make the delivery of produce easier and cheaper.
33．What may cause some US crops to remain unharvested according to the text
A．The limited need for farm products. B．The shortage of workers and harvesting tool.
C．Their low value and poor quality. D．Bad weather and road conditions.
34．What does the underlined word “amplify” mean in Paragraph 4
A．Increase. B．Slow. C．Switch. D．Weaken.
35．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．The Food Safety Movement Has Met Some Challenges
B．A Farm-to-Table Programme Helps Reduce Food Waste
C．Farmers Post Explores Ways to Make High-Quality Products
D．Small Farms Play a Leading Role in Serving Communities
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Habits Of Highly Successful Students Never Over-Study
When you spend too much time studying you will quickly lose focus and the time spent in studying will become ‘junk time’. You think you're studying but you're just sitting there re-reading the same sentence about 100 times and you're not getting anywhere. Instead, take regular breaks. 36 Besides, it will give your mind some time to take in what you have been doing.
37
Top students don't just randomly sit down and complete work. They actually plan what they are going to do: They actually plan the time they will study and they set goals for what will be achieved. If you want to be successful, do as successful people do. Set a plan and, set a goal and stick to it, which will create a routine and a routine is the first step towards developing a habit. 38
Front Up To The Toughest Work First
Many of us like to do the easy things first to build our confidence. That’s fair enough. The only challenge with this approach is that you use up your primary energy at the start of any study period and so if you are dealing with the easy parts with your primary energy your batteries will be low when it comes the time to deal with the hard part. So what happens then 39 We all do it. We really shouldn't, though. So develop the habit of giving your primary energy to the hard tasks and completing the easy stuff last.
40
Do we really have to explain this Just turn them off for an hour, we promise the world will still be there when you log back in! Don't text your friends, don't chat while doing memory activities，don't make phone calls, just focus on what you're doing. Even if you focus on work' for 15 minutes followed by 5 mins of chatting, it’s better than 30 minutes of work while also chatting! You get that right
A．Plan Your Study
B．Achieve Your Goal
C．Positive habits decide future success.
D．Taking breaks can make you get everywhere.
E．You get tired and impatient and just give up.
F．Get Off Social Networking Sites And Turn Off The Phone
G．Taking breaks will make you energetic again and refresh your mind.
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A pet Doberman sniffed (嗅) out a “perfect” kidney donor for its 44-year-old dying owner.
44-year-old Lucy was told she had 5 years to 41 by doctors. They said the 42 of her finding a donor was 1 in 20 million. Lucy spent years on the 43 until she found her saviour by total coincidence on a Welsh beach.
She and her partner, Cenydd, had taken their dogs Jake and Indie to Barry Island Beach and Indie kept running off to a 44 about 100 yards away and would not leave her alone. Indie went over like three times, back and forward to her. Cenydd thought it was not 45 of their dog to 46 a woman they didn’t know. 47 , Cenydd went over to apologize, and 48 her over to their barbecue.
The three started chatting and eating. The stranger Indie was bothering (打扰) 49 to be Katie, 40, from Barry. When Lucy mentioned she couldn’t drink alcohol as she was on dialysis, Katie said she had recently joined the kidney donation register to make a(n) 50 donation. They 51 telephone numbers, and to be honest Lucy didn’t think anything else would come of it. After blood 52 and scans, the result came back: Katie was a perfect 53 . Lucy was so 54 that she couldn’t believe it. The transplant 55 in October 2022 and it was a total success. Katie, Lucy and Cenydd have remained friends since the donation and have a group chat which they’ve called “the Kidney Gang”.
41．A．stay B．act C．live D．leave
42．A．choice B．way C．ability D．chance
43．A．waiting list B．shopping list C．mailing list D．reading list
44．A．friend B．stranger C．helper D．worker
45．A．special B．frank C．contradictory D．polite
46．A．recognize B．bother C．treat D．help
47．A．Eventually B．Secretly C．Obviously D．Indirectly
48．A．invested B．advised C．invited D．allowed
49．A．turned out B．came out C．made out D．looked out
50．A．available B．different C．selfless D．shiny
51．A．changed B．charged C．showed D．exchanged
52．A．texts B．tests C．treatment D．loss
53．A．match B．assistant C．player D．result
54．A．amused B．surprised C．scared D．lucky
55．A．took off B．speeded up C．broke out D．took place
第Ⅱ卷（满分55分）
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（每空一词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Paris 2024 Olympic Games will be held from July 26 to August 11 and the Paralympics from August 28 to September 8．
Phrygian caps (弗里吉亚帽) will be the Olympic and Paralympic Games mascots (吉祥物) in celebration of the French revolution’s spirit, which is not only a symbol of revolution, 56 (free), and struggles, but it’s an icon (标志) seen over centuries, from the Notre Dame Cathedral to 57 Eiffel Tower. More specifically, it’s the red cap famously 58 (wear) by Marianne, the artistic representative of the free French republic. The Phryges (弗里热) aim 59 (show) sport can not only change everything, but it deserves to have a vital place in 60 (we) society as well.
The Phrygian caps were favoured over animals 61 mostly have been the 62 (one) choice in other Olympics for ages — such as the “Bing Dwen Dwen” panda at the 2022 Winter Games in Beijing. The mascot must represent the French spirit. It’s a kind of belief that 63 (carry) the values of France and has been built up over time.
The red Phrygian caps come in two versions — the Olympic one and the Paralympic one with a blade (镰刀) leg. As happens, when a national spirit is combined 64 the Olympic spirit, the mascots are also being packaged into nearly 10,000 types of products, ranging from toys to clothes, electronics 65 trunks.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
假定你是李华，为了弘扬中国传统文化，上周六你校在学校礼堂举办了高二年级中国诗词大赛。请你就本次活动为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1.参赛对象；
2.比赛过程；
3.比赛意义。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
6-year-old Quinn Hill became her family’s hero when she took immediate action during an emergency that saved her mother’s life with the help of her neighbor, Mrs. Smith.
Jennifer, a 39-year-old single mother, began the day by sending her child, Hill, to school. Having no idea what would happen, Jennifer was filled with anxiety. After all, it was the first day of a new school year for Hill, a fresh start! On the way school. she repeatedly reminded Hill to solve problems positively and fit in. Though worried, Jennifer had to wave goodbye to her daughter, watching her towards the school gate.
The whole day was packed with housework. Jennifer tidied the house, washed clothes, and prepared for the evening meal. As the school bell rang, signaling the end of the day, Jennifer picked Hill up from school. On seeing Jennifer, Hill couldn’t wait to hug her, sharing the school experiences. Chatting and laughing accompanied them all the way. Hill’s innocent laughter was like Jennifer’s ray of sunshine.
Approaching home, they encountered Mrs. Smith, a most kind and thoughtful housewife living in their neighborhood for many years. Mrs. Smith often invited Jennifer and Hill to her home and shared her homemade desserts and cookies. The two families developed a close relationship and Hill liked to stay with Mrs. Smith, who always brightened her days with willingness and timely help. After exchanging greetings, they went back to their own homes.
On arriving home, Jennifer set out to prepare dinner. As the sun began to set, the house was full of a pleasant smell of cooking food. Jennifer and Hill sat at the kitchen table when Jennifer suddenly began to seize. She was sitting in a chair, looking up at the ceiling. and experiencing abnormal breathing. She then fell out of the chair onto her left side, her hands balled into fists, and her body was shaking violently. Her eyes were open, and Hill kept calling “Mommy, Mommy”, but she could not respond.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Realizing the severe situation, Hill ran out for help. Jennifer finally came to herself in the hospital.
高二英语试题（2444）参考答案
第一部分 听力
1-5 BABCC 6-10 ABACB 11-15 ABAAB 16-20 CCACB
第二部分 阅读
21．C 22．D 23．A
【来源】江苏省徐州市第七中学2023-2024学年高二下学期3月考试英语试题
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上最大的四个国家公园。
21．细节理解题。根据Komodo中的“With over 1, 000 species of fish, 260 species of coral, and countless sea animals, this is an ideal spot to swim with sharks, whales, dolphins and more. (这里有1000多种鱼类、260种珊瑚和数不清的海洋动物，是与鲸鱼、海豚等一起游泳的理想场所。)”可知，游客在科莫多国家公园可以近距离接触海洋生物。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据文章每一部分的开头进行判断。“Komodo Area:1,733 km2 (Komodo 面积：1733平方公里)”，“Namib-Naukluft Area: 49,768km2(Namib-Naukluft 面积：49768平方公里)，“Tongariro Area:795km2 (Tongariro面积：795平方公里)”，“Teide Area:190km2 (Teide 面积：190平方公里)”可知，Namib-Naukluft国家公园是最大的。故选D。
23．细节理解题。根据Tongariro中的“As New Zealand’s oldest national park, Tongariro National Park is home to three active volcanoes.(作为新西兰最古老的国家公园，Tongariro国家公园是三座活火山的所在地。)”以及Teide中的“Mount Teide is also the third largest volcanic structure on the planet. (Teide山也是地球上第三大火山结构。)”可知，最后两个公园有的共同点是两者都以火山闻名。故选A。
24．C 25．B 26．C 27．A
【来源】山东省潍坊市2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位名叫Anna Sacks的女性的生活经历和她对可持续生活方式的独特贡献，她通过“垃圾漫步”来减少浪费，提高人们对可持续生活方式的认识。
24．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Sacks packed up her life and moved to Connecticut for three months to participate in Adamah, a Jewish farming program that focuses on sustainable living and growing sustainable food. The Adamah program opened Sacks’s eyes to the damage consumer culture is doing on a local, national, and global level, and the need to find solutions. From then on, she began what she calls “trash (垃圾) walking.”(Sacks结束了自己的生活，搬到了康涅狄格州，在那里住了三个月，参加了一个名为Adamah的犹太农业项目，该项目专注于可持续的生活和种植可持续的食物。Adamah项目让Sacks看到了消费文化在地方、国家和全球层面上造成的损害，以及找到解决方案的必要性。从那时起，她开始了她所谓的“垃圾漫步”)”可知，Sacks参加了一个项目后，看到了消费文化在地方、国家和全球层面上造成的损害，以及找到解决方案的必要性，于是她开始了“垃圾漫步”。故选C。
25．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Under the name The Trash Walker, Sacks quickly gained popularity for her educational, funny, and surprising videos that highlight the problems with consumerism and share information about how to live a more sustainable life. “The root issue is overproduction, which leads to overconsumption, which leads to a large amount of waste,” she says. (Sacks以“垃圾漫步者”的名字迅速走红，因为她的有教育性的、有趣和令人惊讶的视频突出了消费主义的问题，并分享了如何过上更可持续的生活的信息。她说：“根本问题是生产过剩，生产过剩导致消费过剩，消费过剩导致大量浪费。”)”可知，Sacks的视频主要是和消费主义相关，包括她对消费的看法。故选B。
26．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Trash walking has given Sacks a nearly endless supply and she shares much of her “treasure” with others. She tries giving them informally to family, friends, or individuals she knows may need a specific item. Then she takes the remaining items to free stores so other New Yorkers can benefit from her treasure-hunting.(“垃圾漫步”给Sacks了几乎无穷无尽的供应，她与他人分享了她的大部分“宝藏”。她试着把它们非正式地送给家人、朋友或她知道可能需要某件特定物品的个人。然后，她把剩下的东西送到免费商店，这样其他纽约人就可以从她的寻宝活动中受益)”可知，Sacks将大部分的垃圾送给了家人、朋友和免费商店。故选C。
27．主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，文章主要介绍了Anna Sacks通过“垃圾漫步”活动在垃圾中寻找可重复使用的物品，并将这些“宝藏”分享给他人的故事。因此，A选项“Trash Walker: Find Treasure in Trash (垃圾漫步者：在垃圾中寻找宝藏)”最符合文章的主题和主要内容，能够准确概括文章的核心思想。故选A。
28．C 29．B 30．A 31．C
【来源】山东省临沂市沂水县2022-2023学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论的是睡眠不足对心脏健康的影响。
28．推理判断题。根据第一段“It’s no secret that sleep is important to your overall health, but a lack of sleep could have great effects on your heart, a new study shows. The researchers said people with insomnia are more likely to have a heart attack.(众所周知，睡眠对你的整体健康很重要，但一项新研究显示，睡眠不足可能对你的心脏有很大影响。研究人员说，失眠症更容易患心脏病)”可知，本段主要介绍了一项新的研究，即，睡眠不足可能对你的心脏有很大影响，故第一段的作用是引出文章的主题：睡眠不足对心脏健康的影响。故选C。
29．推理判断题。根据第三段中““We see it probably in 1 in 10 patients in the United States,” said Gulati, who was not involved in the new research. “It is my impression that almost everyone experiences insomnia at some point in their life. The estimate is that 1 in 2 adults experience it at some point in their life, maybe in the short term because of stressful moments.”(Gulati说：“在美国，我们发现每10名患者中就有1人患有这种疾病。” Gulati没有参与这项新研究。“在我的印象中，几乎每个人都在人生的某个阶段经历过失眠。据估计，每两个成年人中就有一个在他们生命中的某个时刻经历过这种情况，也许是短期的，因为压力大。”)”可知，从Gulati看来，失眠是生活中的常见现象，因为几乎每个人都在人生的某个阶段经历过失眠。故选B。
30．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段可知“Those who slept five hours or less had the highest association with heart attack risk and were 1.56 times more likely to have a heart attack than people who slept seven or eight hours. Longer sleep duration wasn’t always more protective. The study found that people who slept six hours a night had a lower risk of a heart attack than those who slept nine hours or more. “A lot of studies have pointed somewhere between seven and eight hours of sleep being the magic number for us,” another researcher said. “There is obviously variability for everyone, but too much sleep is rarely the issue.”(睡5小时或更少的人患心脏病的风险最高，比睡7或8小时的人患心脏病的可能性高1.56倍。更长的睡眠时间并不总是更有保护作用。研究发现，每晚睡6个小时的人比睡9个小时或更长时间的人患心脏病的风险更低。另一位研究人员说：“很多研究都指出，7到8小时的睡眠对我们来说是一个神奇的数字。显然每个人都有不同的情况，但睡眠过多并不是问题所在。”)”可知，睡眠不到5小时的人患心脏病的风险最高，同时，更长的睡眠时间并不总是更有保护作用，即，并不是睡眠时间越长越好，文章强调每个人的最优睡眠时长是不同的，因此睡眠的时长并不重要，重要的是睡眠质量，由此推断A选项“Put quality before quantity( 重质轻量)”符合文章题意。故选A。
31．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知“Those who slept five hours or less had the highest association with heart attack risk and were 1.56 times more likely to have a heart attack than people who slept seven or eight hours. Longer sleep duration wasn’t always more protective. The study found that people who slept six hours a night had a lower risk of a heart attack than those who slept nine hours or more. (睡5小时或更少的人患心脏病的风险最高，比睡7或8小时的人患心脏病的可能性高1.56倍。更长的睡眠时间并不总是更有保护作用。研究发现，每晚睡6个小时的人比睡9个小时或更长时间的人患心脏病的风险更低)”可知，睡5小时或更少的人患心脏病的风险最高，比睡7或8小时的人患心脏病的可能性高1.56倍；每晚睡6个小时的人比睡9个小时或更长时间的人患心脏病的风险更低，即，作者通过列举数据说明失眠与心脏病之间的关系，即，睡眠时间（失眠）与心脏病之间的关系并不是绝对的，而是因人而异不同的。故作者对此关系的态度是客观的。故选C。
32．D 33．C 34．A 35．B
【来源】河北省邯郸市2023-2024学年高二下学期一调考试英语试题（十校联考）
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。该文章介绍了美国康涅狄格州的一个小型农场 White Gate Farm 通过邮政局的 Connect Local 项目将农产品送到当地居民的故事。这个项目不仅帮助农场直接销售农产品减少了食品浪费，还减少了其他地方运输水果和蔬菜带来的温室气体排放。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“White Gate Farm is a member of Farmers Post, a pilot programme that enables smallholder farms across eastern Connecticut to ship fresh produce and other farm products to local households through the United States Postal Service (USPS). Farmers Post takes advantage of a USPS programme called Connect Local that allows small businesses to offer same-day and next-day delivery at a fixed low cost.(White Gate农场是农民邮政的成员，农民邮政是一个试点项目，使康涅狄格州东部的小农场能够通过美国邮政服务将新鲜农产品和其他农产品运送到当地家庭。Farmers Post利用了USPS 的一个名为Connect Local 的项目，该项目允许小企业以固定的低成本提供当日和次日送达服务)”可知，该项目使康涅狄格州东部的小农场能够通过美国邮政服务将新鲜农产品和其他农产品运送到当地家庭，允许小企业以固定的低成本提供当日和次日送达服务，由此可知，该项目使农产品的运输更容易，更便宜。故选D项。
33．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Food remains in the fields because either market prices are too low or the cost of the workforce is too high, or because the size and shape of the produce make it unattractive to stores.(粮食留在地里，要么是因为市场价格太低，要么是因为劳动力成本太高，要么是因为农产品的大小和形状对商店没有吸引力。)”可知，因为农产品的市场价格低，大小和形状对商店没有吸引力作物被留在地里未能收获；由此可知，是农产品的价格低、质量差导致美国的很多作物依旧没有收获，留在地里。故选C项。
34．词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的内容“Everything that went into growing it goes out the window as well-the water, the land, and the energy. And as the food breaks down, it produces greenhouse gases.(种植农产品所需使用的水、土地和能源等全部都白费了，因为随着食物的分解，它们还会产生温室气体。)”可知，浪费食物就意味着种植食物时消耗的水，土地和能源是被浪费的，同时分解食物又产生了温室气体，因此糟糕的影响是在不断增加的，所以画线词与“增加”意义相近。故选A项。
35．主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“White Gate Farm is a member of Farmers Post, a pilot programme that enables smallholder farms across eastern Connecticut to ship fresh produce and other farm products to local households through the United States Postal Service (USPS).( White Gate农场是农民邮政的成员，农民邮政是一个试点项目，使康涅狄格州东部的小农场能够通过美国邮政服务将新鲜农产品和其他农产品运送到当地家庭。)”以及倒数第二段“Besides reducing food waste, selling farm products directly to local customers cuts down on the cross-country shipping of food grown in California or elsewhere.(除了减少食物浪费，直接向当地消费者销售农产品还减少了加州或其他地方种植的食物的跨国运输)”以及通读全文可知，该文章介绍了美国康涅狄格州的一个小型农场White Gate Farm通过农民邮政项目利用邮政局的Connect Local项目将农产品送到当地居民的故事，这个项目不仅帮助农场直接销售农产品减少了食品浪费，还减少了其他地方运输水果和蔬菜带来的温室气体排放，所以B项“一个从农场到餐桌的项目有助于减少食物浪费”概括了文章内容，符合标题。故选B项。
36．G 37．A 38．C 39．E 40．F
【来源】[中学联盟]黑龙江省友谊县红兴隆管理局第一高级中学2016-2017学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了特别成功的学生的一些习惯。
36．根据段落标题Never Over-Study和上文的句子Instead, take regular breaks.可知成功的学生从不过度学习，所以选项承接上文，说明休息所带来的益处。故G选项“适当的休息一下可以让你精力充沛，思维清楚”。切题。故选G。
37．根据下文Top students don’t just randomly(随意地) sit down and complete work. They actually plan what they are going to do. They actually plan the time they will study and they set goals for what will be achieved.可知，优秀的学生不会随意地坐下来完成工作。实际上他们计划了他们将要做什么，计划他们的学习时间和制定了要实现的目标。因此本段主要讲述成功的学生计划他们的学习也就是空处所要说明的内容。故A选项“计划你的学习”切题。故选A。
38．根据上一句Set a plan and, set a goal and stick to it, which create a routine and a routine is the first step towards developing a habit.可知，制定一个计划，设定一个目标并坚持下去，这就创造了一个习惯，而习惯是养成习惯的第一步。所以空处是对本段的总结。故C选项“积极肯定的习惯决定未来的成功”切题。故选C。
39．根据上文Many of us like to do the easy things first to build our confidence.可知，我们很多人喜欢做容易的事情来增强自信。接着说your batteries will be low when it comes the time to deal with the hard part.当处理艰难部分的时候，你的精力将会降低。So what happens then 所以接下来什么会发生？下文讲述We all do it. We really shouldn’t, though.我们都在那样做，然而我们不应该。因此推断空格处应是：你变得厌烦和不耐烦，只是要放弃。故E选项“你变得厌烦和不耐烦，只是要放弃”切题。故选E。
40．根据这段中的Just turn them off for an hour; we promise the world will still be there when you log back in. Don’t text your friends; don’t chat while doing memory activities; don’t make phone calls; just focus on what you're doing.只是关掉一个小时；当你重新登录世界将仍然在哪里。不要给你的朋友发短信；在做记忆活动时不要聊天；不要打电话；只是集中精力你正在做的事情。因此推断标题是“关掉社交网址并关掉电话”。故F选项“关掉社交网址并关掉电话”切题。故选F。
第三部分 英语知识运用
41．C 42．D 43．A 44．B 45．D 46．B 47．A 48．C 49．A 50．C 51．D 52．B 53．A 54．B 55．D
【来源】河南省部分重点高中2023-2024学年高二下学期第一次质量检测英语试题
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是一位等待肾源的女士，被医生告知获得完美肾源的几率微乎其微，然而，因为她的狗，她却在沙滩上偶遇了自己的完美肾源提供人。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：44岁的露西被医生告知她只能再活5年。A. stay停留；B. act行动；C. live生存，活着；D. leave离开。根据下文“her finding a donor was 1 in 20 million”可知，她找到捐献者的几率特别小，所以只有五年可活了。故选C。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们说她找到捐献者的几率是两千万分之一。A. choice选择；B. way方法；C. ability能力；D. chance可能性。根据下文“was 1 in 20 million”可知，两千万分之一是她找到捐献者的几率，也就是一种可能性。故选D。
43．考查名词短语辨析。句意：露西在等待名单上等了好几年，直到她在威尔士的一个海滩上偶然发现了她的救世主。A. waiting list等待名单；B. shopping list购物清单；C. mailing list邮寄名单；D. reading list阅读清单。根据上文“finding a donor”可知，她找到捐献者的几率特别小，所以在等待名单上等了好几年。故选A。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她和她的伴侣Cenydd带着他们的狗Jake和Indie去了巴里岛海滩，Indie一直跑向100码外的一个陌生人，不让她一个人呆着。A. friend朋友；B. stranger陌生人；C. helper帮手；D. worker工人。根据下文“a woman they didn’t know”可知，他们不认识那个女人，所以那个女人对他们来说是陌生人。故选B。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Cenydd认为他们的狗打扰一个他们不认识的女人是不礼貌的。A. special特别的；B. frank坦白的；C. contradictory相互矛盾的；D. polite礼貌的。根据上文“Indie kept running off to a __4__ about 100 yards away and would not leave her alone. Indie went over like three times, back and forward to her”可知，他们的狗不停地去打扰一个陌生人，这是不礼貌的。故选D。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Cenydd认为他们的狗打扰一个他们不认识的女人是不礼貌的。A. recognize识别；B. bother打扰；C. treat对待；D. help帮助。根据下文“Cenydd went over to apologize”Cenydd去道歉和“The stranger Indie was bothering ( 打扰)”可知，他们认为狗的行为打扰了那个女士。故选B。
47．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，Cenydd走过去道歉，并邀请她去参加他们的烧烤。A. Eventually最后；B. Secretly秘密地；C. Obviously显然；D. Indirectly间接地。根据下文“Cenydd went over to apologize”可知，Cenydd是最后去道歉。故选A。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，Cenydd走过去道歉，并邀请她去参加他们的烧烤。A. invested投资；B. advised建议；C. invited邀请；D. allowed允许。根据下文“to their barbecue”可知，Cenydd道完歉以后邀请她去参加他们的烧烤。故选C。
49．考查动词短语辨析。句意：原来，Indie骚扰的陌生人是来自Barry的40岁的Katie。A. turned out结果是；B. came out出来；C. made out辨认，看清；D. looked out小心。根据下文“to be Katie, 40, from Barry”可知，那个陌生人原来是来自Barry的40岁的Katie，turn out to be意为“原来是”。故选A。
50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当露西提到她在做透析时不能喝酒时，凯蒂说她最近加入了肾脏捐赠登记，要做出无私的捐赠。A. available可获得的；B. different不同的 ；C. selfless无私的；D. shiny闪亮的。根据上文“joined the kidney donation register”可知，她最近加入了肾脏捐赠登记，打算进行无私的捐赠。故选C。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们交换了电话号码，老实说，露西认为这件事不会有别的结果。A. changed改变；B. charged收费；C. showed展示；D. exchanged交换。根据下文“telephone numbers”可知，她们是交换电话号码以便联系。故选D。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在验血和扫描之后，结果出来了：凯蒂是一个完美的匹配。A. texts正文；B. tests化验；C. treatment对待；D. loss损失。根据下文“the result came back”可知，在验血和扫描之后才会出来结果，空格处意为“化验”。故选B。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在验血和扫描之后，结果出来了：凯蒂是一个完美的匹配者。A. match相配的人（或物）；B. assistant助手；C. player球员；D. result结果。根据上文“A pet Doberman sniffed ( 嗅) out a “perfect” kidney donor for its 44-year-old dying owner.(一只宠物杜宾犬为其44岁的垂死主人嗅出了一个“完美”的肾脏捐献者)”和下文“The transplant”可知，她们进行了移植，所以凯蒂是一个完美的匹配者。故选A。
54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：露西惊讶得简直不敢相信。A. amused觉得好笑的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. scared害怕的；D. lucky幸运的。根据上文“Katie was a perfect ___13__”和下文“she couldn’t believe it”可知，Katie是完美的匹配者，露西惊讶得简直不敢相信。故选B。
55．考查动词短语辨析。句意：移植手术于2022年10月进行，手术非常成功。A. took off起飞；B. speeded up加速；C. broke out爆发；D. took place发生。根据下文“in October 2022 and it was a total success”可知，移植手术在2022年10月进行，空格处意为“发生”。故选D。
56．freedom 57．the 58．worn 59．to show 60．our 61．that/which 62．first 63．carries 64．with 65．and
【来源】河南省部分重点高中2023-2024学年高二下学期第一次质量检测英语试题
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了2024年巴黎奥运会和残奥会的吉祥物——弗里吉亚帽，它承载的是法国的精神和价值观，帽子被设计成两种版本，分别代表奥运会和残奥会。
56．考查名词。句意：弗里吉亚帽将成为奥运会和残奥会的吉祥物，以庆祝法国大革命的精神，它不仅是革命、自由和斗争的象征，而且是几个世纪以来从巴黎圣母院到埃菲尔铁塔都能看到的标志。分析句子可知，空处和revolution以及struggles并列，作of的宾语，应用free的名词形式freedom，意为“自由”，是不可数名词。故填freedom。
57．考查冠词。句意：弗里吉亚帽将成为奥运会和残奥会的吉祥物，以庆祝法国大革命的精神，它不仅是革命、自由和斗争的象征，而且是几个世纪以来从巴黎圣母院到埃菲尔铁塔都能看到的标志。the Eiffel Tower是固定表达，意为“埃菲尔铁塔”。故填the。
58．考查非谓语动词。句意：更具体地说，是自由法兰西共和国的艺术代表玛丽安娜戴的著名红帽子。分析句子可知，空处作cap的后置定语，是非谓语动词，wear“穿，戴”和cap逻辑上是被动关系，应用wear的过去分词形式。故填worn。
59．考查非谓语动词。句意：弗里热旨在展示体育不仅可以改变一切，而且它也应该在我们的社会中占有重要的地位。固定短语aim to do sth.表示“旨在做某事”，空处应用show的不定式形式，作宾语。故填to show。
60．考查代词。句意：弗里热旨在展示体育不仅可以改变一切，而且它也应该在我们的社会中占有重要的地位。分析句子可知，空处是修饰society的成分，应用形容词性物主代词our。故填our。
61．考查定语从句。句意：相比于那些长期以来一直是其他奥运会首选的动物——比如2022年北京冬奥会的“冰墩墩”大熊猫，弗里吉亚帽更受欢迎。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词animals，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which作引导词。故填that/which。
62．考查序数词。句意：相比于那些长期以来一直是其他奥运会首选的动物——比如2022年北京冬奥会的“冰墩墩”大熊猫，弗里吉亚帽更受欢迎。根据空前的“the”和空后的“choice”可知，空处应用序数词first，意为“第一位的，最先的”，the first choice意为“第一选择”，指优先选用的选项或方案。故填first。
63．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这是一种信仰，承载着法国的价值观，是随着时间的推移而建立起来的。分析句子可知，空处作that引导的定语从句的谓语，主语that指代先行词a kind of belief，为单数概念，此处描述通常性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，且主语是单数，carry“承载”应用第三人称单数形式。故填carries。
64．考查介词。句意：当一种民族精神与奥林匹克精神相结合时，吉祥物也被包装成近万种产品，从玩具到服装、电子产品和皮箱。根据“a national spirit is combined”和“the Olympic spirit”可推知，此处用固定短语be combined with表示“与……结合”。故填with。
65．考查连词。句意：当一种民族精神与奥林匹克精神相结合时，吉祥物也被包装成近万种产品，从玩具到服装、电子产品和皮箱。分析句子可知，空处连接前后并列的名词clothes、electronics和trunks，应用意为“和，与”的并列连词and。故填and。
第四部分 写作
66．
Last Saturday witnessed a Chinese poetry contest for the Senior Two Students in the school hall.
Aimed at promoting traditional Chinese culture, the poetry contest kicked off at 9 a. m. After the headmaster’s speech, twenty students from different classes competed with each other. Their performance deeply impressed the audience. The highlight of the contest came when some contestants composed poems on the spot making the students gasp in admiration.
The contest turned out to be a total success. Not only did it provide a platform for students to show their remarkable talents but it also aroused their interest in Chinese poetry culture.
【来源】河南省南阳市第一中学校2023-2024学年高二下学期第一次月考英语试题
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇关于上周六你校在学校礼堂举办了高二年级中国诗词大赛的报道，内容包括：1.参赛对象；2.比赛过程；3.比赛意义。
【详解】1.词汇积累
提供：provide→ offer 开始：kicked off → begin 比赛：contest→ match 引起：arouse→ lead to
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：After the headmaster’s speech, twenty students from different classes competed with each other.
拓展句：After the headmaster’s speech, twenty students who came from different classes competed with each other.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The highlight of the contest came when some contestants composed poems on the spot making the students gasp in admiration.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句）
【高分句型2】Not only did it provide a platform for students to show their remarkable talents but it also aroused their interest in Chinese poetry culture.（运用了not only... but...引导的部分倒装句）
67．
Realizing the severe situation, Hill ran out for help. She dashed to Mrs. Smith’s house, her small heart racing. “Mrs. Smith, come quick! Mommy’s not moving!” she cried, her voice trembling with fear. Mrs. Smith, ever the composed neighbor, followed Hill without delay, immediately recognizing the urgency of the situation. Upon entering Jennifer’s home, Mrs. Smith found her on the floor, seizing. “Call 911, Hill, and stay on the line,” she instructed, her voice steady as she began first aid. Hill, though scared, managed to relay the emergency to the operator, her mother’s lifeline.
Jennifer finally came to herself in the hospital. The sterile environment formed a stark contrast to the warmth of her kitchen. As she regained consciousness, she saw Hill’s tearful face and Mrs. Smith’s comforting presence. The relief was palpable; she knew her quick-thinking daughter and reliable neighbor had saved her life, reinforcing the bond of their little family and the community that supported them.
【来源】2024届山东省济南市高三下学期一模英语试题
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了六岁的昆恩·希尔在母亲詹妮弗突发紧急状况时，迅速采取行动，成为了家庭的英雄。詹妮弗在忙碌了一天家务后，在家中突发癫痫。意识到情况严重的希尔立即向邻居史密斯夫人求助。在史密斯夫人的帮助下，他们及时联系了紧急救援服务，确保詹妮弗得到了及时的医疗救助，从而挽救了她的生命。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①根据第一段首句“希尔意识到了问题的严重，赶紧跑出去求助。”可知，希尔看到母亲晕倒后就赶紧跑出去求助了，很可能是跑到了邻居家里。邻居听到求助后肯定会及时施救，希尔的妈妈最终会得救。
②根据第二段首句“詹妮弗在医院中苏醒了过来。”可知，希尔的妈妈最终果然得救了，但是晕倒在厨房的詹妮弗在医院醒来，一开始应该是感到疑惑，随后是感动，最后升华到邻里关系的重要。
2. 续写线索：厨房中晕倒——希尔赶紧向邻居求救——邻居紧急施救——詹妮弗在医院醒来——感到无比感动——升华。
3. 词汇激活：
行为类
疾跑：dash/sprint/hurdle 指示：instruct/direct/command 转达：relay/convey/transmit 恢复：regain/recover/retrieve
情绪类
发抖：trembling/shaking/quivering 镇定：composed/calmed/poise 害怕：fear/afraid/scared 宽慰relief/solace/alleviation
【点睛】
【高分句型1】She dashed to Mrs. Smith’s house, her small heart racing.（独立主格结构）
【高分句型2】As she regained consciousness, she saw Hill’s tearful face and Mrs. Smith’s comforting presence.（as引导的时间状语从句）
【高分句型3】The relief was palpable; she knew her quick-thinking daughter and reliable neighbor had saved her life, reinforcing the bond of their little family and the community that supported them.（现在分词作结果状语）
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