2024年高考考前临考押题卷
英语（新高考I卷专用）
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why does John come to Nancy
A. To ask questions. B. To borrow reference books. C. To hand in his essay.
2. Where is the man’s envelope now
A. In his room. B. At the post office. C. At the front desk.
3. What will Rosie do next
A. Read books. B. Enjoy music. C. Go shopping.
4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Strangers. B. Co-workers. C. Driver and passenger.
5. What are the speakers talking about
A. A plan. B. An English course. C. An application
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. Who does the man buy a gift for
A. His sister. B. His cousin. C. His mother.
7. What will the man buy
A. A handbag. B. A handkerchief. C. A watch.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What does Alice like best about her new school
A. The teachers. B. The environment. C. The food.
9. What does Alice’s new school look like
A. It is in modern style. B. It is well equipped. C. It is newly built.
听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。
10. What encouraged Mr Roberston to go to the Antarctic
A. A training course. B. A program. C. A report.
11. What was the biggest danger according to Mr Roberston
A. Falling into ice holes. B. Losing touch with others. C. Living in extreme temperatures.
12. What caused the funny noise
A. The wind. B. The plane. C. The device.
13. What was a surprise for Mr Roberston and his wife
A. They could leave earlier. B. They got some fresh food. C. Someone lived near them.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. How does Emily find her first surfing lesson
A. Discouraging. B. Unforgettable. C. Exciting.
15. How old is Emily’s brother
A. 15. B. 22. C. 25.
16. What does Micheal offer to do
A. Teach Emily to surf.
B. Give Emily a surfboard.
C. Talk with Emily’s brother.
17. When will the speakers meet
A. On Wednesday. B. On Friday. C. On Saturday.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What makes the speaker a frequent visitor to teahouses
A. Their tea. B. Their atmosphere. C. Their service.
19. What has the speaker done in the teahouse
A. Settle an argument.
B. Learn Sichuan Opera.
C. Talk about business.
20. Why does the speaker think teahouses have powerful social function
A. People can chat for a day there.
B. They help people makeup faster.
C. They attract like-minded people.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Summer camps everywhere are filling up fast, but opportunities remain open for camps where fun and games come around food- growing it, that is. Your kids will learn how to tend to vegetables and livestock (家畜) and almost certainly taste the fruits of their labor. Here’s a small sampling of what’s out there.
Muscot, New York
This farm, offers a half-day Wangler Camp for kids (a livestock-centred experience) and a two-week long Young Farmers camp for kids in grades one through eight. Camps range from $150 for weeklong half-day sessions to $350 for full-day sessions
Sproutai’ Up, Colorado
An agriculture farm with a focus on education, Sprout’ Up offers skill-building programs for teens throughout the year, but their summer camp for kids is all about fun. In addition to farm activities the kids spend time at a local climbing gym. Three weekly half-day sessions are available for half-day sessions are available for $200 each.
Humboldt, California
Located north of San Francisco, this sleepaway camp spreads out over several hundred acres in the coastal hills of Sonoma County. The lodging (住处) is tent-style, with outdoor showers. A range of farm activities are available throughout the summer.
Alegre, Georgia
Your kids will clean and brush a horse, and learn to milk a goat at this camp. Three-day sessions (mornings only) cost $125, and parents can attend with their children for an extra fee.
21. Which camp best suits kids who enjoy climbing
A. Muscot. B. Sproutai’ Up. C. Humboldt. D. Alegre.
22. What can kids do in Alegre
A. Interact with animals. B. Have sessions in the afternoon.
C. Sleep in tents at night. D. Enjoy the scenery of coastal hills.
23. What do the four camps have in common
A. They provide full-day camps. B. They offer farm-themed camps.
C. They are located in the same state. D. They focus on health education.
B
I didn’t go to Santiago, Chile to look for friendship. In fact, Chile was not even on my wish list.
A mid-life crisis woman, I got a chance to study abroad. I only wanted to learn about global business, taste South American cuisine, and check “study abroad” off my wish list.
On the fifth day, I joined a group for a neighborhood work project aided by the anti-poverty (扶贫) organization. Our tasks were to build a water tower and paint the community center. Upon arrival, I couldn’t believe my eyes. It was like a scene out of a horrible film. That moment redefined poverty for me because I had never seen such terrible living conditions. As advised, I showed no signs of the motional battle going on inside me.
Just as I was about to start work on painting, a request came through for a few volunteers to he Nadia, a local resident who volunteered to cook for us. I raised my hand to help because I wanted spend time with the people of the neighborhood despite my shortage of Spanish speaking skills.
Nadia had a sincere smile but not overly friendly. Even without speaking each other’s language we started to learn about one another. We chatted about our children, our upbringing, shared picture of our family, struggled to instruct each other to communicate in the other’s language, and laugh many times.
After we fed everybody and the dishes were washed, my day was over. But I found myself hesitant to leave. It was as if I had known her my entire life. I had not predicted the unselfishness heart I would encounter, and it was moving.
As we were waiting for the car to pick us up, Nadia showed me her plants that are well-maintains. I could see that despite the hard conditions she was passionate about life. She made me long to be stronger person. She showed me that poverty was external, but happiness was internal. I was seeking to give 100 percent for a well-intentioned cause, but I left receiving 200 percent from her.
24. What was the author’s initial purpose of going to Chile
A. To find new friends while traveling. B. To participate in an anti-poverty project.
C. To fulfill the desire to study abroad. D. To gain a graduate certificate in business.
25. What did the author do after seeing the living conditions in the neighborhood
A. She decided to relieve the poverty. B. She kept her emotions well hidden.
C. She comforted the shocked volunteers. D. She refused to continue the present task.
26. Why did the author volunteer to work with Nadia
A. She felt very sympathetic toward Nadia.
B. She longed to interact with the local residents.
C. She wanted to improve her Spanish speaking skills.
D. She preferred cooking to painting the community center.
27. What did the author learn from Nadia
A. True friends are never apart in heart.
B. Happiness is defined by a positive attitude.
C. Language is not a barrier to great connections.
D. Unselfishness is putting others before ourselves.
C
A new study involving nearly 50,000 people from four continents offers new insights into identifying the quantity of daily walking steps that will best improve adults’ health and longevity(长寿), and whether the ideal number of steps differs across people of different ages. The study represents an effort to develop an evidence-based public health message about the benefits of physical activity. The often-repeated 10,000-step-a-day saying grew out of a decades-old marketing activity for a Japanese pedometer(计步器), with no science to back it up.
Led by physical activity professor Amanda Paluch, an international group of scientists conducted an experiment among adults aged 18 and older. They grouped the nearly 50,000 participants into four comparative groups according to average steps per day. The lowest step group averaged 3,500 steps; the second, 5,800; the third, 7,800; and the fourth, 10,900 steps per day. Among the three higher active groups, there was a 40—53% lower risk of death, compared to the lowest step group.
More specifically, for adults 60 and older, the risk of early death leveled off at about 6,000—8,000 steps per day, meaning that more steps than that provided no additional benefit for longevity, while for adults younger than 60, about 8, 000—10,000 steps per day.
“So, what we saw was this continuing reduction in risk as the number of steps increases, until it levels off. Interestingly, the study found no definitive association with walking speed.” Paluch says.
The new study supports and expands findings from another study led by Paluch before, which found that walking at least 7,000 steps a day reduced middle-aged people’s risk of early death. “There’s a lot of evidence suggesting that moving even a little more is beneficial, particularly for those who are doing very little activity.” Paluch says. “More steps per day are better for your health.”
28. Why did the scientists carry out the new study
A. To know about people’s health condition.
B. To explain the pedometer’s working principles.
C. To determine the best physical activity for people.
D. To provide a scientific guideline on daily walking.
29. What does the underlined words “leveled off” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Turned higher. B. Became stable. C. Fell sharply. D. Changed rapidly.
30. What does the experiment find
A. The old should walk as much as possible.
B. Young people usually walk more than the old.
C. The most beneficial steps differ by age groups.
D. Walking pace is the key to avoiding early death.
31. What does Paluch advise people doing little activity to do
A. To walk more steps. B. To control walking speed.
C. To limit walking distance. D. To track the number of steps.
D
Our species’ incredible capacity to quickly acquire words from 300 by age 2 to over 1, 000 by age 4 isn’t fully understood. Some cognitive scientists and linguists have theorized that people are born with built-in expectations and logical constraints (约束) that make this possible. Now, however, machine-learning research is showing that preprogrammed assumptions aren’t necessary to swiftly pick up word meanings from minimal data.
A team of scientists has successfully trained a basic artificial intelligence model to match images to words using just 61 hours of naturalistic footage (镜头) and sound-previously collected from a child named Sam in 2013 and 2014. Although it’s a small slice of a child’s life, it was apparently enough to prompt the AI to figure out what certain words mean.
The findings suggest that language acquisition could be simpler than previously thought. Maybe children “don’t need a custom-built, high-class language-specific mechanism” to efficiently grasp word meanings, says Jessica Sullivan, an associate professor of psychology at Skidmore College. “This is a really beautiful study, ” she says, because it offers evidence that simple information from a child’s worldview is rich enough to kick-start pattern recognition and word comprehension.
The new study also demonstrates that it’s possible for machines to learn similarly to the way that humans do. Large language models are trained on enormous amounts of data that can include billions and sometimes trillions of word combinations. Humans get by on orders of magnitude less information, says the paper’s lead author Wai Keen Vong. With the right type of data, that gap between machine and human learning could narrow dramatically.
Yet additional study is necessary in certain aspects of the new research. For one, the scientists acknowledge that their findings don’t prove how children acquire words. Moreover, the study only focused on recognizing the words for physical objects.
Still, it’s a step toward a deeper understanding of our own mind, which can ultimately help us improve human education, says Eva Portelance, a computational linguistics researcher. She notes that AI research can also bring clarity to long-unanswered questions about ourselves. “We can use these models in a good way, to benefit science and society, ” Portelance adds.
32. What is a significant finding of machine-learning research
A. Vocabulary increases gradually with age.
B. Vocabulary can be acquired from minimal data.
C. Language acquisition is tied to built-in expectations.
D. Language acquisition is as complex as formerly assumed.
33. What does the underlined word “prompt” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Facilitate. B. Persuade. C. Advise. D. Expect.
34. What is discussed about the new research in paragraph 5
A. Its limitations. B. Its strengths. C. Its uniqueness. D. Its process.
35. What is Eva Portelance’s attitude to the AI research
A. Doubtful. B. Cautious. C. Dismissive. D. Positive.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
My name is McKenzie Skiles and I’m a snow hydrologist (水文学家) at the University of Utah in Salt Lake City. ____36____ Actually, the purpose is to track dust’s impact on water resources.
I am most interested in the impact of warming temperatures on snow melting rates, and I have started studying snowmelt since 2009 in Utah and Colorado. When I skied to research sites in Utah to collect snow for my experiment, the mountainous landscapes were covered in dust. ____37____ It’s clear that 2009 was one of the biggest years for dust deposition (沉积) onto snow.
____38____ I usually have to cover several kilometers, carrying a 27-kilogramme pack with a shovel (铲子) to dig a snow hole, tools to cut snow and measure its density, and containers to collect snow for analyses. One year, I hit a dusty area of snow, broke my ski and sliced my leg open.
In areas with heavy dust deposition, such as the southern Rocky Mountains, dust speeds up melting by one or two months. Warming air temperatures affect snow gathering, but dust builds up over time and darkens the surface. ____39____
I’m now exploring different ice and snow landscapes for further research. For example, how black-carbon buildup following forest fires affects melting. ____40____ As we move into a future that is likely to be even dustier, we need them to predict snowmelt for many reasons, including working out how to use water in the western United States efficiently.
A. The dust caused a lot of trouble.
B. I went for miles in the wilderness.
C. Doing my research is no easy task.
D. One of the goals is to develop snowmelt models.
E. In Colorado, the red dust from desert soils had also blown in.
F. As a result, the snow will absorb more sunlight and quicken melting.
G. My job is to ski in the wilderness to measure dust on top of snow each spring.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Glen Edwards became a hero when he rescued a construction worker trapped on top of a 160-meter-high building.
As a crane (吊车) ___41___ working on a construction site, Edwards ___42___ found himself in a life-saving mission when a fire broke out. He recalled how he ___43___ the trapped worker from his crane’s cabin (驾驶舱), and how he came up with the idea of saving the man by lowering a cage to him to let him ___44___.
However, his attempt to ___45___ the cage before the man was by no means an easy job, as each post (弹) of wind prevented to throw his crane off balance. Besides, the smoke and flames also added to the difficulty. ___46___ the great challenges, Edwards refused to give up and fought to ___47___ control. Luckily, someone on the ground offered ___48___ on where to land the cage through a radio. Edwards ___49___ the crane’s movements, inch by inch, until the cage hanged (盘旋) just inches from the edge of the ___50___. With determination, Edwards successfully landed the cage.
Eventually, Edwards watched the cage ___51___ the man away from the horrible fire below and lowering him to safety. The crowd ___52___ a big round of applause, a tribute (致敬) to the courage and skill ___53___ by Edwards. He knew that his quick thinking and strong ___54___ had made all the difference between life and death in the face of disaster.
A GoFundMe page has now been set up to raise money for him —— with organizers ___55___ people to “buy Glen a beer” for his life-saving efforts.
41. A. engineer B. operator C. cleaner D. salesman
42. A. regularly B. unfortunately C. intentionally D. unexpectedly
43. A. helped B. spotted C. realized D. guided
44. A. escape B. hide C. walk D. slide
45. A. clean B. cover C. position D. open
46. A. Despite B. Without C. For D. From
47. A. switch B. maintain C. lose D. give
48. A. instructions B. problems C. explanations D. courses
49. A. quickened B. described C. adjusted D. repeated
50. A. door B. garden C. crane D. roof
51. A. persuading B. lifting C. warning D. dragging
52. A. went through B. put on C. asked for D. broke into
53. A. displayed B. admitted C. exchanged D. required
54. A. preference B. response C. emotion D. determination
55. A. choosing B. encouraging C. ordering D. teaching
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Long Chenchen, the mascot for China’s upcoming Dragon Spring Festival Gala, 56 (release) recently, with a lot of design details showing the aesthetics of Chinese cultural elements.
57 (celebrate) the year 2024, “Long Chenchen” has been designed as a cute yet lively dragon, colored orange and red and with a pair of doll eyes. The 58 (seem) cute-looking dragon takes inspiration from Chinese archaeological discoveries. The design of its nose was inspired by a dragon-shaped jade item that was discovered in the Erlitou Ruins, 59 major site in Luoyang, Central China’s Henan province that witnessed the rise and fall of the Xia and Shang dynasties. The fire shape pattern on its shoulder was inspired by a bronze piece with cloud patterns dating back to the Spring and Autumn Period, 60 multiple materials appeared and social changes were underway.
61 receiving many likes, the mascot has also sparked criticism. Some netizen doubt the dragon character might have been synthesized (合成) by artificial intelligence. 62 (admit) that it has some “imperfections”, CMG, a design studio said it was created by designers “one stroke after another” and that “all the details about the dragon, including its patterns, colors and face, have been revised by designers through a lot of versions.”
Along with such verbal 63 (explain), a short video showing the design team working on the mascot has been posted on Sina Weibo by CMG. The media group’s response to the character’s design has become a 64 (trend) topic on Sina Weibo and has been viewed by more than 200 million netizen. “ 65 it was created by AI or human beings, I think the mascot has successfully delivered the spirit of the dragon.” one netizen posted on Sina Weibo.
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是某国际学校学生李华，因高三毕业即将退出校篮球队，请你在团队仪式上用英文发表告别演说，内容包括：
1. 回顾往昔；
2. 表示感谢；
3. 校篮球队。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My dear teammates,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Javon was the shortest kid in the class. It had been that way since the third grade. He’d had to ask to get his gym locker changed so that he didn’t have to struggle so much to reach it. For most kids, being short would be a problem, but Javon didn’t let being short bother him at all.
That was Javon’s attitude about most things except school work. And Javon had worked hard. By the middle of seventh grade, Javon was one of the top kids in the class. So, he hadn’t been too concerned when Mr. T announced they were starting a new unit in math. For Javon, math used to be easy. He figured that since he had ten fingers, he could do most of it. But when Mr. T threw letters into math problems, he couldn’t wrap his mind around using these letters. Mr. T had given them all sorts of rules for what to do when there were letters in math problems. But Javon couldn’t remember what they all were and he didn’t think he even understood the rules he did remember. Soon he was hopelessly lost in math class. Even worse, it was time for the class to take the chapter test.
The test was quite demanding. Javon was confused by the very first question. He was nervous and kept losing track of what he was doing. When the class period ended, he hadn’t finished all of the problems.
The day came when the class finally got their papers back. Seeing “D” written in red ink on the corner of the paper, he felt desperate. In the seat next to him, Tyler sighed slightly, catching Javon’s attention. He couldn’t help but see the big, red “C” on Tyler’s paper. He felt so upset.
When they started packing up to leave after class, Tyler accidentally told Javon he got extra time on the test. Upon hearing this, Javon burst out, “It was unfair!” He dropped his books, face hot.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
At this very moment, Mr. T came up to see what happened to them.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Eventually, Javon understood what a reading disorder was and how to ask for help.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2024年高考考前临考押题卷
英语（新高考I卷专用）参考答案
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why does John come to Nancy
A. To ask questions.
B. To borrow reference books.
C. To hand in his essay.
2. Where is the man’s envelope now
A. In his room. B. At the post office. C. At the front desk.
3. What will Rosie do next
A. Read books. B. Enjoy music. C. Go shopping.
4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Strangers. B. Co-workers. C. Driver and passenger.
5. What are the speakers talking about
A. A plan. B. An English course. C. An application
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. Who does the man buy a gift for
A. His sister. B. His cousin. C. His mother.
7. What will the man buy
A. A handbag. B. A handkerchief. C. A watch.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What does Alice like best about her new school
A. The teachers. B. The environment. C. The food.
9. What does Alice’s new school look like
A. It is in modern style. B. It is well equipped. C. It is newly built.
听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。
10. What encouraged Mr Roberston to go to the Antarctic
A. A training course. B. A program. C. A report.
11. What was the biggest danger according to Mr Roberston
A. Falling into ice holes. B. Losing touch with others. C. Living in extreme temperatures.
12. What caused the funny noise
A. The wind. B. The plane. C. The device.
13. What was a surprise for Mr Roberston and his wife
A. They could leave earlier. B. They got some fresh food. C. Someone lived near them.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. How does Emily find her first surfing lesson
A. Discouraging. B. Unforgettable. C. Exciting.
15. How old is Emily’s brother
A. 15. B. 22. C. 25.
16. What does Micheal offer to do
A. Teach Emily to surf.
B. Give Emily a surfboard.
C. Talk with Emily’s brother.
17. When will the speakers meet
A. On Wednesday. B. On Friday. C. On Saturday.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What makes the speaker a frequent visitor to teahouses
A. Their tea. B. Their atmosphere. C. Their service.
19. What has the speaker done in the teahouse
A. Settle an argument.
B. Learn Sichuan Opera.
C. Talk about business.
20. Why does the speaker think teahouses have powerful social function
A. People can chat for a day there.
B. They help people makeup faster.
C. They attract like-minded people.
听力答案
1-5 ACBAC 6-10 ABCBC 11-15 ABBAC 16-20 ACBCA
听力材料
Text 1
M: Have you finished the history essay, Nancy I have a few questions on it. I can only solve them with reference to others.
W: I’ve done it under the guidance of the lecturer. Feel free to ask, John. I’ll tell you everything that I know.
Text 2
M: Has anyone left a package for me
W: Yes, the postman sent a large envelope to you. I leave it at the front desk. Do you want me to send it up to your room
M: I’ll come down for it, thanks.
Text 3
W: I’ve returned the books borrowed from the library and done the shopping. Is there anything special to do today
M: How about going to the concert with me, Rosie I’ve got two tickets.
W: That’s wonderful!
Text 4
M: Do you want to share a taxi into town
W: Oh, sure. By the way, are you here on vacation
M: No, on business. I work in a computer firm.
W: What a coincidence! I used to work in a computer firm too.
Text 5
W: Have you used Hitalk
M: Yeah. I downloaded it last week. It’s really easy to learn English with it.
W: Yes. This app begins by using text, pictures, and videos and helps users make a detailed learning plan.
Text 6
W: May I help you, sir
M: Yes, please. I’d like to pick a present for my younger sister. She’s going to work in China.
W: By air
M: Yes. So my gift should be quite light. What do you suggest
W: How about this handbag It’s made of fine leather.
M: My cousin has already given her one. And she also got a new watch from my mother. I’d like to give her something unusual.
W: How about this one It’s pretty and practical.
M: Oh, a silk handkerchief. That’s a great idea. I’ll take it.
Text 7
M: So Alice, are you happy at your new school
W: Yeah, of course. Its environment is nice. People there are friendly and I’ve made a lot of new friends. Oh, the best aspect is the food, which is so delicious.
M: That’s wonderful. How about your study
W: I’m learning several new subjects this year. They’re tough, but luckily, we’ve got lovely teachers and they’re expert at their subject.
M: Sounds good. It seems that you really love the new school.
W: Yeah. And it’s large, with a sports field, a modern library and all kinds of new equipment. There is nowhere like that at my old school.
Text 8
W: Good evening, Mr Roberston. Welcome to our program. You and your wife spent the whole of last year in the Antarctic. What gave you the idea of doing such a thing
M: I saw an article in a newspaper about someone who had been there. Both of us got interested.
W: Didn’t you feel worried and lonely
M: A little, but before we went there we had attended a training course. It was tough but taught us about surviving in sub-zero conditions. The greatest danger we faced was accidentally falling into holes in ice.
W: Could you get in touch with the outside world there
M: There was satellite communication device.
W: So, didn’t you see anyone else for a whole year Were there any unusual experiences, Mr Roberston
M: Well, one day when we were having the canned food, there was funny noise. My wife thought it was the wind but it was getting closer. Suddenly the room was flooded with light through the window. I opened the door and found a box in the snow. I looked up and saw a plane flying away. They were passing nearby and someone told them that we were there. They dropped a box with some fresh fruit and vegetables.
W: It was a lovely surprise.
Text 9
M: Hi, Emily! How was your first surfing lesson on Wednesday
W: You should have been there, Micheal. It was unbelievable. I couldn’t even stand up on the surfboard.
M: Well, who taught you
W: My brother offered to teach me.
M: That’s good. He must be a good coach.
W: Not really. He started surfing at 15 and got a professional certificate at 22. Now he has been doing that for ten years. I’d have thought he would be good at teaching others to surf, but I was totally wrong! My brother may be an excellent surfer, but he is impatient and doesn’t master suitable teaching methods. So he is not cut out to be a surfing instructor.
M: Well, why don’t you call me to go with you next time I’d be willing to give it a shot. I know a thing or two about surfing.
W: Thanks, but as far as I’m concerned, I don’t think I will pick up the surfboard again. Surfing is just too hard for me.
M: Come on, Emily. Try again. I’m free these two days.
W: OK, but I just had a terrible experience the day before yesterday. Let’s do that tomorrow.
Text 10
There is a saying, “China has the best teahouses in the world and Chengdu has the best teahouses in China.” After I came to Chengdu, I often go to the teahouse, because the atmosphere is completely different from that in the coffee shops in my country. Every time I enter the teahouse, the waiters or waitresses will greet me with a smile on their faces and with teapots and cups in their hands. People who go there are not all thirsty, because teahouses are also good places for business talk. I’ve invited my business partner to meet there. People have parties there at times. They eat fruit and sunflower seeds while chatting. Some teahouses even have stages for performances, such as storytelling, cross talk and Sichuan Opera, which hold people’s attention. Besides, like-minded people pay a little money and then can sit there all day long to chat with each other. Sometimes when a group of people have an argument, a peacekeeper will bring them to the teahouse. It’s interesting that as soon as the angry people sit down to drink tea, they almost calm down. With the help of the peacekeeper, their problems can be easily settled. The person who is wrong will pay for the tea and then they make it up. This convinces me that teahouses have some powerful social function.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Summer camps everywhere are filling up fast, but opportunities remain open for camps where fun and games come around food- growing it, that is. Your kids will learn how to tend to vegetables and livestock (家畜) and almost certainly taste the fruits of their labor. Here’s a small sampling of what’s out there.
Muscot, New York
This farm, offers a half-day Wangler Camp for kids (a livestock-centred experience) and a two-week long Young Farmers camp for kids in grades one through eight. Camps range from $150 for weeklong half-day sessions to $350 for full-day sessions
Sproutai’ Up, Colorado
An agriculture farm with a focus on education, Sprout’ Up offers skill-building programs for teens throughout the year, but their summer camp for kids is all about fun. In addition to farm activities the kids spend time at a local climbing gym. Three weekly half-day sessions are available for half-day sessions are available for $200 each.
Humboldt, California
Located north of San Francisco, this sleepaway camp spreads out over several hundred acres in the coastal hills of Sonoma County. The lodging (住处) is tent-style, with outdoor showers. A range of farm activities are available throughout the summer.
Alegre, Georgia
Your kids will clean and brush a horse, and learn to milk a goat at this camp. Three-day sessions (mornings only) cost $125, and parents can attend with their children for an extra fee.
21. Which camp best suits kids who enjoy climbing
A. Muscot. B. Sproutai’ Up. C. Humboldt. D. Alegre.
22. What can kids do in Alegre
A. Interact with animals. B. Have sessions in the afternoon.
C. Sleep in tents at night. D. Enjoy the scenery of coastal hills.
23. What do the four camps have in common
A. They provide full-day camps. B. They offer farm-themed camps.
C. They are located in the same state. D. They focus on health education.
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了与农业相关的夏令营活动。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Sproutai’ Up, Colorado下的“In addition to farm activities the kids spend time at a local climbing gym.(除了农场活动，孩子们还在当地的攀岩馆消磨时间)”可知，Sproutai’ Up最适合喜欢攀岩的孩子。故选B项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Alegre, Georgia下的“Your kids will clean and brush a horse, and learn to milk a goat at this camp.(你的孩子们将在这个营地里给马洗澡，给马刷牙，学习给山羊挤奶)”可知，在Alegre孩子们能与动物互动。故选A项
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Muscot, New York下的“This farm, offers a half-day Wangler Camp for kids (a livestock-centred experience) and a two-week long Young Farmers camp for kids in grades one through eight.(这个农场为孩子们提供了半天的旺格勒夏令营(以牲畜为中心的体验)，为一年级到八年级的孩子们提供了为期两周的青年农民夏令营)”，Sproutai’ Up, Colorado下的“An agriculture farm with a focus on education, Sprout’ Up offers skill-building programs for teens throughout the year, but their summer camp for kids is all about fun.(Sprout’ Up是一个专注于教育的农场，全年为青少年提供技能培养项目，但他们为孩子们举办的夏令营都是为了好玩)”，Humboldt, California下的“A range of farm activities are available throughout the summer.(整个夏天都有一系列的农场活动)”以及Alegre, Georgia下的“Your kids will clean and brush a horse, and learn to milk a goat at this camp.(你的孩子们将在这个营地里给马洗澡，给马刷牙，学习给山羊挤奶)”可知，这四个夏令营都提供农场主题的营地。故选B项。
B
I didn’t go to Santiago, Chile to look for friendship. In fact, Chile was not even on my wish list.
A mid-life crisis woman, I got a chance to study abroad. I only wanted to learn about global business, taste South American cuisine, and check “study abroad” off my wish list.
On the fifth day, I joined a group for a neighborhood work project aided by the anti-poverty (扶贫) organization. Our tasks were to build a water tower and paint the community center. Upon arrival, I couldn’t believe my eyes. It was like a scene out of a horrible film. That moment redefined poverty for me because I had never seen such terrible living conditions. As advised, I showed no signs of the motional battle going on inside me.
Just as I was about to start work on painting, a request came through for a few volunteers to he Nadia, a local resident who volunteered to cook for us. I raised my hand to help because I wanted spend time with the people of the neighborhood despite my shortage of Spanish speaking skills.
Nadia had a sincere smile but not overly friendly. Even without speaking each other’s language we started to learn about one another. We chatted about our children, our upbringing, shared picture of our family, struggled to instruct each other to communicate in the other’s language, and laugh many times.
After we fed everybody and the dishes were washed, my day was over. But I found myself hesitant to leave. It was as if I had known her my entire life. I had not predicted the unselfishness heart I would encounter, and it was moving.
As we were waiting for the car to pick us up, Nadia showed me her plants that are well-maintains. I could see that despite the hard conditions she was passionate about life. She made me long to be stronger person. She showed me that poverty was external, but happiness was internal. I was seeking to give 100 percent for a well-intentioned cause, but I left receiving 200 percent from her.
24. What was the author’s initial purpose of going to Chile
A. To find new friends while traveling. B. To participate in an anti-poverty project.
C. To fulfill the desire to study abroad. D. To gain a graduate certificate in business.
25. What did the author do after seeing the living conditions in the neighborhood
A. She decided to relieve the poverty. B. She kept her emotions well hidden.
C. She comforted the shocked volunteers. D. She refused to continue the present task.
26. Why did the author volunteer to work with Nadia
A. She felt very sympathetic toward Nadia.
B. She longed to interact with the local residents.
C. She wanted to improve her Spanish speaking skills.
D. She preferred cooking to painting the community center.
27. What did the author learn from Nadia
A. True friends are never apart in heart.
B. Happiness is defined by a positive attitude.
C. Language is not a barrier to great connections.
D. Unselfishness is putting others before ourselves.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. B 27. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在智利做志愿者时的感受。作者邂逅了当地一个充满生活热情的女性，她告诉作者，贫穷是外在的，幸福是内在的。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“A mid-life crisis woman, I got a chance to study abroad. I only wanted to learn about global business, taste South American cuisine, and check ‘study abroad’ off my wish list.(作为一个中年危机的女人，我得到了一个出国留学的机会。我只想了解全球商业，品尝南美美食，把‘出国留学’从我的愿望清单上划掉)”可知，作者最初去智利主要是去学习了解全球商业，完成“出国留学”的愿望。故选C项。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Upon arrival, I couldn’t believe my eyes. It was like a scene out of a horrible film. That moment redefined poverty for me because I had never seen such terrible living conditions. As advised, I showed no signs of the motional battle going on inside me.(一到这里，我简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。这就像恐怖电影里的一幕。那一刻对我来说重新定义了贫穷，因为我从未见过如此糟糕的生活条件。按照被建议的，我没有表现出内心正在进行情感斗争的迹象)”可推测，作者对当地的贫穷程度感到非常惊讶，但是她没有表现出来。故选B项。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“I raised my hand to help because I wanted spend time with the people of the neighborhood despite my shortage of Spanish speaking skills. (我举起手来要去帮忙，因为我想花时间和邻居们在一起，尽管我不太会说西班牙语)”可知，作者希望通过和纳迪亚一起工作，是为了了解当地人，多和当地居民多交流。故选B项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“As we were waiting for the car to pick us up, Nadia showed me her plants that are well-maintains. I could see that despite the hard conditions she was passionate about life. She made me long to be stronger person. She showed me that poverty was external, but happiness was internal. I was seeking to give 100 percent for a well-intentioned cause, but I left receiving 200 percent from her. (在等车来接我们的时候，纳迪亚给我看了她那些保养得很好的植物。我看得出来，尽管条件艰苦，她对生活还是充满了热情。她让我渴望成为一个更坚强的人。她告诉我，贫穷是外在的，幸福是内在的。为了一个善意的事业，我想要付出100%，但我感觉从她那里得到了200%的回报)”可以推测，作者从纳迪亚身上明白了，幸福与外在物质关系不大，幸福是由自己的态度决定的，有着积极的生活态度，就是幸福的。故选B项。
C
A new study involving nearly 50,000 people from four continents offers new insights into identifying the quantity of daily walking steps that will best improve adults’ health and longevity(长寿), and whether the ideal number of steps differs across people of different ages. The study represents an effort to develop an evidence-based public health message about the benefits of physical activity. The often-repeated 10,000-step-a-day saying grew out of a decades-old marketing activity for a Japanese pedometer(计步器), with no science to back it up.
Led by physical activity professor Amanda Paluch, an international group of scientists conducted an experiment among adults aged 18 and older. They grouped the nearly 50,000 participants into four comparative groups according to average steps per day. The lowest step group averaged 3,500 steps; the second, 5,800; the third, 7,800; and the fourth, 10,900 steps per day. Among the three higher active groups, there was a 40—53% lower risk of death, compared to the lowest step group.
More specifically, for adults 60 and older, the risk of early death leveled off at about 6,000—8,000 steps per day, meaning that more steps than that provided no additional benefit for longevity, while for adults younger than 60, about 8, 000—10,000 steps per day.
“So, what we saw was this continuing reduction in risk as the number of steps increases, until it levels off. Interestingly, the study found no definitive association with walking speed.” Paluch says.
The new study supports and expands findings from another study led by Paluch before, which found that walking at least 7,000 steps a day reduced middle-aged people’s risk of early death. “There’s a lot of evidence suggesting that moving even a little more is beneficial, particularly for those who are doing very little activity.” Paluch says. “More steps per day are better for your health.”
28. Why did the scientists carry out the new study
A. To know about people’s health condition.
B. To explain the pedometer’s working principles.
C. To determine the best physical activity for people.
D. To provide a scientific guideline on daily walking.
29. What does the underlined words “leveled off” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Turned higher. B. Became stable. C. Fell sharply. D. Changed rapidly.
30. What does the experiment find
A. The old should walk as much as possible.
B. Young people usually walk more than the old.
C. The most beneficial steps differ by age groups.
D. Walking pace is the key to avoiding early death.
31. What does Paluch advise people doing little activity to do
A. To walk more steps. B. To control walking speed.
C. To limit walking distance. D. To track the number of steps.
【答案】28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一项新研究对四大洲近5万人进行了分析，确定了能够最大程度改善健康、延长寿命的每日步数，同时调查了不同年龄段的人每日最佳步数是否有所不同。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“The study represents an effort to develop an evidence-based public health message about the benefits of physical activity. The often-repeated 10,000-step-a-day saying grew out of a decades-old marketing activity for a Japanese pedometer(计步器), with no science to back it up.(这项研究代表了一项关于体育活动益处的循证公共卫生信息的开发工作。这个每天一万步经常被重复的说法源于几十年前日本计步器的营销活动，没有科学依据。)”可知，现有的观点缺乏科学依据，本项研究旨在为科学的走路步数提供证据，由此可推知本研究旨在为日常走路锻炼提供科学指导。故选D。
【29题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线短语后面的“meaning that more steps than that provided no additional benefit for longevity”可知，多余的步数并不会增加额外的好处，由此可推知步数到达一定量之后降低死亡的风险趋于稳定，不再变化。“leveled off”意为“保持水平，保持平稳发展”，与Became stable意思相近。故选B。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“More specifically, for adults 60 and older, the risk of early death leveled off at about 6,000—8,000 steps per day, meaning that more steps than that provided no additional benefit for longevity, while for adults younger than 60, about 8, 000—10,000 steps per day.(更具体地说，对于60岁及以上的成年人来说，过早死亡的风险稳定在每天6000—8000步左右，这意味着更多的步数对寿命没有额外的好处，而对于60岁以下的成年人来说大约是每天8000—10000步。)”可推知，年龄不同，最佳效果步数也不一样。故选C。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段Paluch所说的“There’s a lot of evidence suggesting that moving even a little more is beneficial, particularly for those who are doing very little activity.(有很多证据表明，多运动一点是有益的，尤其是对那些活动很少的人来说。)”和“More steps per day are better for your health.(每天多走几步对你的健康有益。)”可知，不运动的人，增加走路步数对健康有益，因此可知Paluch建议不运动的人应该增加走路步数。故选A。
D
Our species’ incredible capacity to quickly acquire words from 300 by age 2 to over 1, 000 by age 4 isn’t fully understood. Some cognitive scientists and linguists have theorized that people are born with built-in expectations and logical constraints (约束) that make this possible. Now, however, machine-learning research is showing that preprogrammed assumptions aren’t necessary to swiftly pick up word meanings from minimal data.
A team of scientists has successfully trained a basic artificial intelligence model to match images to words using just 61 hours of naturalistic footage (镜头) and sound-previously collected from a child named Sam in 2013 and 2014. Although it’s a small slice of a child’s life, it was apparently enough to prompt the AI to figure out what certain words mean.
The findings suggest that language acquisition could be simpler than previously thought. Maybe children “don’t need a custom-built, high-class language-specific mechanism” to efficiently grasp word meanings, says Jessica Sullivan, an associate professor of psychology at Skidmore College. “This is a really beautiful study, ” she says, because it offers evidence that simple information from a child’s worldview is rich enough to kick-start pattern recognition and word comprehension.
The new study also demonstrates that it’s possible for machines to learn similarly to the way that humans do. Large language models are trained on enormous amounts of data that can include billions and sometimes trillions of word combinations. Humans get by on orders of magnitude less information, says the paper’s lead author Wai Keen Vong. With the right type of data, that gap between machine and human learning could narrow dramatically.
Yet additional study is necessary in certain aspects of the new research. For one, the scientists acknowledge that their findings don’t prove how children acquire words. Moreover, the study only focused on recognizing the words for physical objects.
Still, it’s a step toward a deeper understanding of our own mind, which can ultimately help us improve human education, says Eva Portelance, a computational linguistics researcher. She notes that AI research can also bring clarity to long-unanswered questions about ourselves. “We can use these models in a good way, to benefit science and society, ” Portelance adds.
32. What is a significant finding of machine-learning research
A. Vocabulary increases gradually with age.
B. Vocabulary can be acquired from minimal data.
C. Language acquisition is tied to built-in expectations.
D. Language acquisition is as complex as formerly assumed.
33. What does the underlined word “prompt” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Facilitate. B. Persuade. C. Advise. D. Expect.
34. What is discussed about the new research in paragraph 5
A. Its limitations. B. Its strengths. C. Its uniqueness. D. Its process.
35. What is Eva Portelance’s attitude to the AI research
A. Doubtful. B. Cautious. C. Dismissive. D. Positive.
【答案】32. B 33. A 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了现在机器学习研究表明，要从最少的数据中快速获取单词的含义，并不需要预先编程的假设。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Now, however, machine-learning research is showing that preprogrammed assumptions aren’t necessary to swiftly pick up word meanings from minimal data.(然而，现在机器学习研究表明，要从最少的数据中快速获取单词的含义，并不需要预先编程的假设。)”可知，机器学习研究的一个重要发现是词汇可以从最小的数据中获得。故选B。
【33题详解】
词句猜测题。根据上文“A team of scientists has successfully trained a basic artificial intelligence model to match images to words using just 61 hours of naturalistic footage and sound-previously collected from a child named Sam in 2013 and 2014.(一组科学家已经成功地训练了一个基本的人工智能模型，只需使用61小时的自然镜头和声音，就能将图像与文字匹配起来——这些镜头和声音之前是在2013年和2014年从一个名叫萨姆的孩子身上收集的。)”可知，虽然只是孩子生活中的一小部分，但显然足以促使人工智能弄清楚某些单词的意思。prompt意为“促使”。故选A。
【34题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第五段“Yet additional study is necessary in certain aspects of the new research. For one, the scientists acknowledge that their findings don’t prove how children acquire words. Moreover, the study only focused on recognizing the words for physical objects. (然而，在这项新研究的某些方面，还需要进一步的研究。首先，科学家们承认，他们的发现并不能证明儿童是如何习得词汇的。此外，这项研究只关注于识别实物的单词。)”可知，第五段主要讲述了这项新研究的局限性。故选A。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“She notes that AI research can also bring clarity to long-unanswered questions about ourselves. “We can use these models in a good way, to benefit science and society, ” Portelance adds.”(她指出，人工智能研究也可以让我们自己长期未解之谜变得清晰。“我们可以很好地利用这些模型，造福科学和社会，”Portelance补充说。)可推知，Eva Portelance对人工智能研究的态度是积极的。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
My name is McKenzie Skiles and I’m a snow hydrologist (水文学家) at the University of Utah in Salt Lake City. ____36____ Actually, the purpose is to track dust’s impact on water resources.
I am most interested in the impact of warming temperatures on snow melting rates, and I have started studying snowmelt since 2009 in Utah and Colorado. When I skied to research sites in Utah to collect snow for my experiment, the mountainous landscapes were covered in dust. ____37____ It’s clear that 2009 was one of the biggest years for dust deposition (沉积) onto snow.
____38____ I usually have to cover several kilometers, carrying a 27-kilogramme pack with a shovel (铲子) to dig a snow hole, tools to cut snow and measure its density, and containers to collect snow for analyses. One year, I hit a dusty area of snow, broke my ski and sliced my leg open.
In areas with heavy dust deposition, such as the southern Rocky Mountains, dust speeds up melting by one or two months. Warming air temperatures affect snow gathering, but dust builds up over time and darkens the surface. ____39____
I’m now exploring different ice and snow landscapes for further research. For example, how black-carbon buildup following forest fires affects melting. ____40____ As we move into a future that is likely to be even dustier, we need them to predict snowmelt for many reasons, including working out how to use water in the western United States efficiently.
A. The dust caused a lot of trouble.
B. I went for miles in the wilderness.
C. Doing my research is no easy task.
D. One of the goals is to develop snowmelt models.
E. In Colorado, the red dust from desert soils had also blown in.
F. As a result, the snow will absorb more sunlight and quicken melting.
G. My job is to ski in the wilderness to measure dust on top of snow each spring.
【答案】36. G 37. E 38. C 39. F 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了雪水文学家McKenzie Skiles的研究工作及其意义。
【36题详解】
根据上文“My name is McKenzie Skiles and I’m a snow hydrologist (水文学家) at the University of Utah in Salt Lake City.(我叫McKenzie Skiles，是盐湖城犹他大学的雪水文学家)”以及下文“Actually, the purpose is to track dust’s impact on water resources.(实际上，目的是追踪灰尘对水资源的影响)”可知，这里介绍了自己的身份和职业并指出实际上工作的目的是追踪灰尘对水资源的影响。因此，这里需要一个句子来衔接上下文，并解释自己的工作具体是什么，与G项“My job is to ski in the wilderness to measure dust on top of snow each spring.( 我的工作是每年春天在野外滑雪，测量雪上的灰尘)”表达的含义一致，故选G项。
【37题详解】
根据上文“When I skied to research sites in Utah to collect snow for my experiment, the mountainous landscapes were covered in dust.(当我滑雪到犹他州的研究地点为我的实验收集雪时，山区景观被灰尘覆盖)”以及下文“It’s clear that 2009 was one of the biggest years for dust deposition (沉积) onto snow.( 很明显，2009年是雪上灰尘沉积最多的年份之一)”可知，这句话描述了在犹他州的研究地点滑雪收集雪样时，山区景观被灰尘覆盖的情景。接下来，需要找到一个句子，它既能与上句中的描述相联系，又能为下句提供背景或证据，E项“In Colorado, the red dust from desert soils had also blown in.(在科罗拉多州，沙漠土壤中的红色灰尘也被吹进来了)”表达的含义符合语境，故选E项。
【38题详解】
根据下文“I usually have to cover several kilometers, carrying a 27-kilogramme pack with a shovel (铲子) to dig a snow hole, tools to cut snow and measure its density, and containers to collect snow for analyses.(我通常要走几公里，带着一个27公斤重的包和一把铲子挖雪洞，带着削雪和测量雪密度的工具，带着收集雪进行分析的容器)”可知，此处表达的是作者的研究工作不是一件容易的事，与C项“Doing my research is no easy task.(做我的研究绝非易事)”表达的含义一致，故选C项。
【39题详解】
根据上文“Warming air temperatures affect snow gathering, but dust builds up over time and darkens the surface.(气温升高会影响积雪，但随着时间的推移，灰尘会堆积起来，使地表变暗)”这句话表明了两个事实：一是空气温度的升高会影响雪的积聚，二是随着时间的推移，灰尘会不断积累并使雪的表面变黑。接下来，需要找到一个合适的句子来承接这个描述，并解释灰尘使雪的表面变黑之后可能产生的后果，与F项“As a result, the snow will absorb more sunlight and quicken melting.(因此，雪会吸收更多的阳光，加速融化)”表达的含义一致，故选F项。
【40题详解】
根据上文“I’m now exploring different ice and snow landscapes for further research. For example, how black-carbon buildup following forest fires affects melting.( 我现在正在探索不同的冰雪景观，以便进一步研究。例如，森林火灾后黑碳的积累如何影响融化)”以及下文“As we move into a future that is likely to be even dustier, we need them to predict snowmelt for many reasons, including working out how to use water in the western United States efficiently(随着我们进入一个可能更加尘土飞扬的未来，我们需要他们预测融雪，原因有很多，包括研究如何有效利用美国西部的水)”可知，此处表示的是作者正在探索不同的冰雪景观以进行进一步的研究，并给出了一个具体的例子，即森林火灾后黑色碳的积累如何影响融化。接下来，作者谈到了未来可能会更加多尘的环境，并强调了预测雪融化的重要性，包括如何在美国西部有效利用水资源，在这个背景下，需要找到一个句子来连接上文中关于雪融化的研究与下文中对未来环境的预测以及水资源利用的讨论，D项“One of the goals is to develop snowmelt models.(目标之一是开发融雪模型)”表达的含义一致，故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Glen Edwards became a hero when he rescued a construction worker trapped on top of a 160-meter-high building.
As a crane (吊车) ___41___ working on a construction site, Edwards ___42___ found himself in a life-saving mission when a fire broke out. He recalled how he ___43___ the trapped worker from his crane’s cabin (驾驶舱), and how he came up with the idea of saving the man by lowering a cage to him to let him ___44___.
However, his attempt to ___45___ the cage before the man was by no means an easy job, as each post (弹) of wind prevented to throw his crane off balance. Besides, the smoke and flames also added to the difficulty. ___46___ the great challenges, Edwards refused to give up and fought to ___47___ control. Luckily, someone on the ground offered ___48___ on where to land the cage through a radio. Edwards ___49___ the crane’s movements, inch by inch, until the cage hanged (盘旋) just inches from the edge of the ___50___. With determination, Edwards successfully landed the cage.
Eventually, Edwards watched the cage ___51___ the man away from the horrible fire below and lowering him to safety. The crowd ___52___ a big round of applause, a tribute (致敬) to the courage and skill ___53___ by Edwards. He knew that his quick thinking and strong ___54___ had made all the difference between life and death in the face of disaster.
A GoFundMe page has now been set up to raise money for him —— with organizers ___55___ people to “buy Glen a beer” for his life-saving efforts.
41. A. engineer B. operator C. cleaner D. salesman
42. A. regularly B. unfortunately C. intentionally D. unexpectedly
43. A. helped B. spotted C. realized D. guided
44. A. escape B. hide C. walk D. slide
45. A. clean B. cover C. position D. open
46. A. Despite B. Without C. For D. From
47. A. switch B. maintain C. lose D. give
48. A. instructions B. problems C. explanations D. courses
49. A. quickened B. described C. adjusted D. repeated
50. A. door B. garden C. crane D. roof
51. A. persuading B. lifting C. warning D. dragging
52. A. went through B. put on C. asked for D. broke into
53. A. displayed B. admitted C. exchanged D. required
54. A. preference B. response C. emotion D. determination
55. A. choosing B. encouraging C. ordering D. teaching
【答案】41. B 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. C 46. A 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. D 51. B 52. D 53. A 54. D 55. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一名起重机操作员Glen Edwards在一次建筑工地火灾中英勇救援一名被困工人的事迹，描述了他的救援过程和所面临的困难，以及他成功救出被困工人的结果。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名在建筑工地工作的起重机操作员，当一场火灾发生时，Edwards意外地发现自己正在执行一项拯救生命的任务。A. engineer工程师；B. operator操作人员；C. cleaner清洁工；D. salesman推销员。根据后文“working on a construction site”可知，Edwards在建筑工地工作，所以应是起重机操作员。故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：作为一名在建筑工地工作的起重机操作员，当一场火灾发生时，Edwards意外地发现自己正在执行一项拯救生命的任务。A. regularly经常；B. unfortunately不幸地；C. intentionally故意；D. unexpectedly意外地。根据后文“found himself in a life-saving mission when a fire broke out”可知，Edwards本是一名在建筑工地工作的起重机操作员，确发现自己正在执行一项拯救生命的任务，所以应是意外地。故选D项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他回忆起他是如何从吊车的船舱里发现被困工人的，以及他是如何想出救他的主意的，他把一个笼子放下来让他逃跑。A. helped帮助；B. spotted发现；C. realized认识到；D. guided指导。根据后文“the trapped worker from his crane’s cabin”可知，从吊车的船舱里应是发现被困工人。故选B项。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他回忆起他是如何从吊车的船舱里发现被困工人的，以及他是如何想出救他的主意的，他把一个笼子放下来让他逃跑。A. escape逃跑；B. hide隐藏；C. walk步行；D. slide滑动。根据前文“how he came up with the idea of saving the man”可知，Edwards救了被困的工人，所以应是把一个笼子放下来让他逃出火场。故选A项。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，他想在那个男人面前把笼子摆放到位的尝试绝非易事，因为每一阵风都会把他的起重机吹得失去平衡。A. clean打扫；B. cover覆盖；C. position安置，使处于；D. open打开。根据后文“as each post (弹) of wind prevented to throw his crane off balance. Besides, the smoke and flames also added to the difficulty”可知，风会让起重机失去平衡，在加上烟雾和火焰让视野不好，所以应是把笼子摆放到位的尝试绝非易事。故选C项。
【46题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管面临巨大的挑战，Edwards拒绝放弃，并为保持控制权而斗争。A. Despite尽管；B. Without没有；C. For为了；D. From来自。根据后文“the great challenges, Edwards refused to give up”可知，此处表达“虽然，尽管”之意，用Despite引导让步状语。故选A项。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管面临巨大的挑战，Edwards拒绝放弃，并为保持控制权而斗争。A. switch转换；B. maintain保持；C. lose失去；D. give给。根据前文“However, his attempt to 45 the cage before the man was by no means an easy job”以及“Edwards refused to give up”可知，他想在那个男人面前把笼子摆放到位的尝试绝非易事，但是Edwards不想放弃，所以是为保持控制权而斗争。故选B项。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，地面上有人通过无线电指示在哪里降落笼子。A. instructions指示；B. problems问题；C. explanations解释；D. courses课程。根据后文“on where to land the cage through a radio”可知，通过无线电，应是指示在哪里降落笼子。故选A项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Edwards一寸一寸地调整起重机的动作，直到笼子悬挂在离屋顶边缘只有几英寸的地方。A. quickened加快；B. described描述；C. adjusted调整；D. repeated重复。根据后文“inch by inch, until the cage hanged (盘旋) just inches from the edge of the 50 .”可知，应是Edwards一寸一寸地调整起重机的动作。故选C项。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Edwards一寸一寸地调整起重机的动作，直到笼子悬挂在离屋顶边缘只有几英寸的地方。A. door门；B. garden花园；C. crane起重机；D. roof屋顶。根据前文“Glen Edwards became a hero when he rescued a construction worker trapped on top of a 160-meter-high building.”可知，工人被困在楼顶，所以应是笼子悬挂在离屋顶边缘只有几英寸的地方。故选D项。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，Edwards看着笼子把这个人从下面可怕的大火中抬了出来，把他送到了安全的地方。A. persuading说服；B. lifting吊起；C. warning警告；D. dragging拖。根据前文“Edwards 49 the crane’s movements, inch by inch, until the cage hanged (盘旋) just inches from the edge of the 50 .”可知，Edwards用起重机把笼子悬挂在离屋顶边缘只有几英寸的地方，所以，应是看着笼子把这个人从下面可怕的大火中抬了出来。故选B项。
【52题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：人群中爆发出一阵热烈的掌声，这是对Edwards表现出的勇气和技巧的赞扬。A. went through通过；B. put on穿上；C. asked for请求；D. broke into突然开始做（某事）。根据后文“a tribute (致敬) to the courage and skill 53 by Edwards.”可知，人们对Edwards致敬，所以应是爆发热烈的掌声。故选D项。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：人群中爆发出一阵热烈的掌声，这是对Edwards表现出的勇气和技巧的赞扬。A. displayed显示；B. admitted承认；C. exchanged交换；D. required需要。根据前文“a tribute (致敬) to the courage and skill”可知，应是对Edwards表现出的勇气和技巧的赞扬。故选A项。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他知道，在面对灾难时，正是他敏捷的思维和坚定的决心在生死之间起到了决定性的作用。A. preference偏爱；B. response响应；C. emotion情感；D. determination决心。根据前文“He knew that his quick thinking and”可知，空处应和前文的thinking对应，结合选项，应是他敏捷的思维和坚定的决心符合语境。故选D项。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：组织者鼓励人们“请Glen喝杯啤酒”，以感谢他的救命之恩，现在已经建立了一个GoFundMe页面为他筹集资金。A. choosing选择；B. encouraging鼓励；C. ordering命令；D. teaching教育。根据前文“A GoFundMe page has now been set up to raise money for him”可知，组织者建立了一个GoFundMe页面为他筹集资金，所以是鼓励人们“请Glen喝杯啤酒”。故选B项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Long Chenchen, the mascot for China’s upcoming Dragon Spring Festival Gala, 56 (release) recently, with a lot of design details showing the aesthetics of Chinese cultural elements.
57 (celebrate) the year 2024, “Long Chenchen” has been designed as a cute yet lively dragon, colored orange and red and with a pair of doll eyes. The 58 (seem) cute-looking dragon takes inspiration from Chinese archaeological discoveries. The design of its nose was inspired by a dragon-shaped jade item that was discovered in the Erlitou Ruins, 59 major site in Luoyang, Central China’s Henan province that witnessed the rise and fall of the Xia and Shang dynasties. The fire shape pattern on its shoulder was inspired by a bronze piece with cloud patterns dating back to the Spring and Autumn Period, 60 multiple materials appeared and social changes were underway.
61 receiving many likes, the mascot has also sparked criticism.
