江苏省部分市2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题汇编：阅读理解（含答案）

江苏省部分市
2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题汇编
阅读理解
江苏省南京市2023-2024学年高二下学期期中英语试卷
第一节(共15 小题:每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
From a multi-day hike following the routes of a poet, to a classic climb in the Argentinian Lake District, there are thousands of incredible trails (小路) that allow us to get up close to nature.
Appalachian Trail, United States
Extending for 2, 200 miles, the Appalachian Trail is listed as the longest hiking-only footpath in the world. It runs from Springier Mountain in Georgia to Mount Katahdin in Maine, passing through some of the most remote country in the United States. That means it’s a hard task, either for those with endless vacation allowance, or walkers looking to do a small piece of a classic route.
The Basho Wayfarer, Japan
This self-guided trip follows a route taken by the poet Matsuo Basho over 300 years ago. The six-day hike starts in Sendai and works its way through the northern Tohoku region, passing through the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Hiraizumi and along the ancient Dewa Kaido path. With its beech and cherry forests, it finishes at the temple of Yamadera.
Mount Toubkal, Morocco
The path upwards rises from the village of Imlil, passing over a dry river bed before rising sharply through a temple and on towards a large mountain cottage. After overnight here, hikers set off up the snowfield to the peak, where the Atlas Mountains open out and the views are breathtaking. A local guide and muleteers for carrying luggage are a must.
The Dingle Way, Ireland
It is a ring-like path that offers the best way to get under the skin of wild County Kerry in Ireland’s south west. Starting in the town of Tralee, the clockwise path follows narrow roads, taking in the wide sweep of sand at Inch Strand, passing along the cliffltops outside Dingle town and heading around the edge of Mount Brardon, the highest peak on the Dingle Peninsula.
21. What do we know about the Basho Wayfarer
A. It offers no guide service. B. It was built by a poet.
C. It ends in the northern Tohoku region. D. It is on the world heritage list.
22. Where can hikers enjoy a good view of snow
A. Appalachian Trail. B. The Basho Wayfarer. C. Mount Toubkal. D. The Dingle Way.
23. What is special about the Dingle Way
A. It follows a circle path. B. It is the longest in the world.
C. It finishes at Mount Brandon. D. It reaches the highest peak in Ireland.
B
Anthony Doerr’s new bestseller, All the Light We Cannot See, holds special appeal for me. That’s how I would describe it. From the poetic language, to the realization of what the title actually means. that underneath the surface of history, there is light that has not been seen, and stories that have gone untold.
I’m going to be honest---love for this book didn’t hit me straight away. In fact, my first attempt to read it last month ended with me putting it aside and going to find something easier, lighter and less descriptive to read. But this book is built on beautiful imagery. Both in the literal sense-the physical world of 1940s Paris and Germany, and the metaphorical (隐喻性的) sense-scientific and philosophical references to light, to seeing and not seeing, and the differences between the two. It’s a beautiful work of genius, but it does get a little complicated at times.
However, when we get into the meat of this World War II novel, it’s also an upsetting story of a childhood torn apart by war. It’s about Parisian Marie Laure who has been blind since she was six, and a German orphan called Werner who finds himself at the center of the Hitler Youth. Both of their stories are told with sensitivity and sympathy, each one forced down a path by their personal circumstances and by that destructive monster-war.
I think this is the kind of book you will never appreciate if you stop too soon-I learned that lesson. From the first to last page, there is a theme of invisible lines running parallel (平行的) to one another and sometimes, just sometimes, crossing in the strangest way. These two lives we are introduced to seem to be worlds apart, and yet they come together and influence one another. It was this, more than the predictably awful tale of war, that made me feel quite emotional.
24. What does the writer think of the book
A. Light and easy to read. B. Rich in philosophical ideas.
C. Fascinating but too descriptive. D. Too complicated for its theme.
25. What can we learn about Marie Laure and Werner
A. The war leads to their sensitivity. B. They know each other at an early age.
C. The Hitler Youth pushes them to grow. D. They both have an uncomfortable childhood.
26. What particularly made the writer’s emotions strong
A. The book’s dramatic ending. B. The book’s beautiful imagery.
C. The characters’ interconnected destiny. D. The suffering brought by World War II.
27. What is the purpose of this text
A. To share the writer’s feelings of a book. B. To recommend a delightful bestseller.
C. To tell readers a heartbreaking story. D. To analyze the structure of a book.
C
Did you know that the custom of turning our clocks an hour ahead during the year first originated in World War I By making the days “longer”, the goal was for households to conserve electricity and other forms of energy like fuel. Recently, the US Senate passed the Sunshine Protection Act. The bill must also go through the House of Representatives before it can be signed by the President. If passed, Daylight Saving Time (DST) could become the permanent system of the time.
Although the specific dates of the time change differ, many countries around the world observe a biannual system of the time. From mid-March to November in the US, most states practice DST by turning the time forward by an hour from the Standard Time (ST), the local time observed in an area.
Though the original purpose of DST was to encourage the conservation of energy, multiple studies suggest that the time shift has not made a significant impact on saving energy costs While legs money is spent on electricity, costs are still likely to rise with the usage of devices such as air conditioners and computers. Research conducted by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine has shown that DST time changes lead to a greater risk of car crashes.
According to researchers, ST is much more closely related to the body’s circadian rhythm (昼夜节律) which regulates our organs as well as our sleep-wake cycle. By permanently living in DST, children would have to get up and be in school long before the sun rises—which could be 9 am in Seattle and other western states!
Proponents argue that because DST maximizes daylight, it encourages safety by lowering crime rates and reducing seasonal depression. DST provides more waking time to enjoy with families and friends, or even to get more work done.
The bill is certainly a hot topic of discussion, but one thing is for sure: everyone is in favor of getting rid of the biannual time switch.
28. What do we know about DST according to researchers
A. It can make schools start late. B. It helps improve people’s sleeping quality.
C. It increases the possibility of traffic accidents. D. It can reduce the usage of electronic devices.
29. What does the underlined word “proponents” in Paragraph5 refer to
A. People who are in favor of DST. B. People who are efficient in working
C. People who have seasonal depression. D. People who enjoy the company of friends.
30. What is the author’s attitude towards the biannual time switch
A. Positive. B. Neutral. C. Unclear. D. Negative.
31. What is the best title for the text
A. The influence of ST B. The significance of ST C. The debate about DST D. The history of DST
D
At its annual general assembly in Vienna last month, the European Geosciences Union (EGU) did something unusual. The chair of*its awards committee, Thomas Blunier, presented a breakdown, by gender, of prize nominees (被提名者) and nominators (提名者) since 2014. The data were revealing. Although women make up37% of the society’s members, they made just 20% of nominations suggesting that women are less likely to nominate than men. The data also showed that people tend to favour their own gender when making nominations-with men most likely to nominate other men.
This is clearly a problem, but awareness of the situation opens the door to fixing it. Although women are still under-represented in EGU nominations, their share of awards is now approaching their representation among EGU members, thanks to corrective measures taken by the organization s awards committee. The EGU is distinct from most other scientific societies that do not make nomination data public, though it is necessary for the fairness among prizewinners.
Some other efforts are under way to make prizes fairer. In mathematics, for example, the International Mathematical Union has introduced guidelines to make nominators and award-committee members aware of unconscious bias. Many prize nomination forms now include statements encouraging nominators to consider diversity. The committees that award Nobel prizes have told Nature that they are attempting to increase diversity in nominees and that the proportion of women nominated is rising.
Prize-givers need to widen their nomination pools. In 2019, Nature suggested that award organizers might cast their net s wider when seeking nominations by approaching networks that include academies of science in low and middle-income countries. This is still not happening on the scale that it needs to.
Sadly, these measures will not make science prizes match global diversity, at least not straight away. Many prizes are based on work carried out decades ago, when the barriers to entering science were even higher than they are today for people from under-represented groups and countries. At the very least, professional societies must ensure that their nomination pools are representatives of their communities. Greater transparency and a wider, more diverse pool of nominees increase the chance of awards rewarding excellence, rather than enlarging existing networks of fame.
32. What is the purpose of showing the data from the EGU
A. To show the gender balance among its members.
B. To encourage females to nominate other females.
C. To reflect that women have been ignored in awards.
D. To reveal the significant impact from gender awareness.
33. What efforts have been made to promote the fairness among the prizewinners
A. Publicizing the nomination data. B. Widening the application pools by nominees.
C. Introducing guidelines on increasing diversity. D. Casting the nets wider when seeking nominations.
34. What does the author hold in the last paragraph
A. Existing nomination pools are not transparent. B. Professional societies must make a difference.
C. The barriers to entering science will not be higher. D. Science has kept up with global trend of diversity
35. Which of the following might be the best title for this text
A. European Geosciences Union: An Nontraditional Model
B. Diversity in Science Prizes: Why is Progress So Slow
C. Progress in Science: Nomination Shows Justice for All
D. The Way to Gender Diversity: Difficult, Delicate but Destined
江苏省苏州市2023-2024学年高二下学期期中英语试卷
第一节(共15小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Planning a visit to the UK Here we help with ways to cut your costs.
AVOID BIG EVENTS Big sporting events, concerts and exhibitions can increase the cost of accommodation (膳宿) and make it harder to find a room. A standard double room at the Thistle Brighton on the final Friday of the Brighton Comedy Festival (19 Oct. )cost￡169. 15 at .
A week later, the same room cost ￡118. 15.
If you can be flexible and want to know dates to avoid or you're looking for a big event to pass your time—check out sites such as Whatsonwhen. com, which allow you to search for events in the UK by city, date and category
STAY AWAY FROM THE STATION If traveling to your destination by train, you may want to find a good base close to the station, but you could end up paying more for the sake of convenience at the start of your holiday.
Don't be too choosy about the part of town you stay in. If you book two months in advance, the cheapest room at Travelodge's Central Euston hotel in London for Saturday, September 22 was ￡95.95. A room just a tube journey away at its Covent Garden hotel was ￡75.75. And at Farringdon, a double room cost just ￡62. 95.
GET ON A BIKE London's “Boris bikes” have attracted the most attention, but other cities also have similar programmes that let you rent a bicycle and explore at your own pace, saving you on public transport or car parking costs.
Among the smaller cities with their own programmes are Newcastle (casual members pay around ￡1.50 for two hours)and Cardiff(free for up to 30 minutes, or￡5 per day).
21. The Brighton Comedy Festival is mentioned mainly to show big events may
A. attract lots of travelers to the UK
B. allow travelers to make flexible plans
C. lead to long queues and delays to travelers
D. cause travelers to pay more for accommodation
22. What does “Farringdon” in Paragraph 5 refer to
A. The name of a travel agency. B. An ideal holiday destination.
C. A hotel away from the train station. D. The tube line to Covent Garden.
23. What is the main purpose of the passage
A. To show visitors how to rent bikes. B. To offer visitors some money-saving tips.
C. To supply visitors with hotel information. D. To tell visitors how to book hotels in advance.
B
Montessori was born in Italy in 1870 with progressive parents, who frequently communicated with the country's leading thinkers and scholars. This enlightened family environment provided Montessori with many advantages over other young girls of the time.
Her mother's support was vital for some important decisions, such as her further study in a technical school after her elementary education. Her parents' support also proved to be essential for her decision to study medicine, a field that was dominated by men.
Soon after graduating, in 1896, Montessori began work as a voluntary assistant in a clinic at the University of Rome, where she cared for children with learning difficulties. The rooms were empty, with just a few pieces of furniture. One day, she found that the children were enthusiastically playing with breadcrumbs(面包屑)that had dropped on the floor. It then occurred to her that the origin of some intellectual disabilities could be related with poverty. With the right learning materials, these and other young minds could be trained, Montessori concluded.
The observation would lead Montessori to develop a new method of education that focused on providing better stimulation during the sensitive periods of childhood.
At its centre was the principle(原则) that all the learning materials should be child-sized and designed to appeal to all the senses. In addition, each child should also be allowed to move and act freely, and use their creativity and problem-solving skills. Teachers took the role of guides, supporting the children without press or control.
Montessori opened her first Children's House in 1907. When the Fascists(法西斯主义者)first came into power in Italy in 1922, they welcomed her movement at the beginning. But they soon came to oppose the emphasis on the children's freedom of expression. Montessori's values had always been about human respect, and the rights of children and women, but the Fascists wanted to use her work and her fame.
Things reached a breaking point when the Fascist tried to influence the schools' educational content, and in 1934 Montessori and her son decided to leave Italy. She didn't return to her homeland until 1947, and she continued to write about and develop her method until her death in 1952, at the age of 81.
24. What was the main reason for Montessori to develop a new educational method
A. Her experience as a voluntary assistant in a clinic.
B. Her family's supportive influence on her education.
C. Her decision to study medicine, a field dominated by men.
D. Her observation of children playing with breadcrumbs happily.
25. What was a central principle of Montessori's educational method
A. Focusing on group competition.
B. Taking control of children's action.
C. Providing one-size-fits-all learning materials.
D. Creating a free and child-centered environment.
26. Why did Montessori decide to leave Italy in 1934
A. She was offered a better job in a different country.
B. She was forced to give up her work and her fame.
C. She wanted to avoid the influence from the Fascist.
D. She wanted to explore other countries and cultures.
27. Which of the following words can best describe Montessori in this passage
A. Enthusiastic and kind. B. Observant and innovative.
C. Cooperative and generous. D. Traditional and emotional.
C
Even now, I have vivid memories of my last day of high school. In my mind's eye, I'm cleaning out my locker, and then staring at the emptiness for a few extra beats before slamming it shut for the last time. I'm wandering in the halls with my best friend, blissfully ignoring the bells going off every 50 minutes on schedule because, just today, we're allowed to break the rules. I'm sitting on my desk, swinging my feet, and chatting with my English teacher, Mr. Carr, in a way that makes me feel almost grown up.
It was maybe my favorite day of the whole year. Like the final layer of watercolor, the freedom and lightness I feel seeps(渗透)into the rest of my memories of that day and turns them just a shade rosier.
If the school year hasn't yet ended for you, consider what you can do to make the ending count. Why Because when it comes to human memory, not all moments are created equal. Instead, our remembered experiences are disproportionately(不成比例地)influenced by peaks(the best moments as well as the worst)and endings(the last moments). Nobel Prize winner Danny Kahneman, who discovered this phenomenon, called this the peak-end rule. It suggests that our judgment of a past experience is largely based on its most extreme point and its endpoint.
I took advantage of the peak-end rule years ago, when my girls were young enough to want a bedtime story each night. I remember thinking that whatever trouble and stress had occurred that day, I could make the last moments count. I could end on a note of calm and act like the patient mom I hadn't quite managed to be just hours before.
Don't mistake all moments as equal in significance. There's a reason why yoga classes end with savasana (挺卧式). There's a reason we eat dessert last. Do organize endings carefully. As Pete Carroll might say: Finish strong. Last impressions are especially lasting.
28. What does the underlined word in paragraph 1 mean
A. Happily B. Surprisingly. C. Guiltily. D. Curiously.
29. Which statement is true about the peak-end rule
A. The last moments matter the most in our memories.
B. Peaks in life can be remembered better than endings.
C. The peaks and ends of experiences are easier to remember.
D. Our judgment of the past is determined by first impressions.
30. What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A. Why the author read stories to her kids.
B. What challenges the author faced in life.
C. How the author applied the rule to daily life.
D. When the author accompanied her daughters.
31. Why are Pete Carroll's words mentioned in the last paragraph
A. To show the importance of every moment.
B. To encourage readers to enjoy the endings.
C. To explain why last impressions are lasting.
D. To prove the peak-end rule can be used in sports.
D
Like many people over the past few years, I have found myself turning to audiobooks as my main means of reading literature. I find it far more comfortable to “read with my ears”while my eyes are resting. My consumption of new books has doubled as a result—but a recent paper makes me wonder if this will come at the price of my understanding.
The study comes from Boaz Keysar and Janet Geipel, both at the University of Chicago, and it draws from the “double process model” of mental processing. According to this view, we have two ways of assessing information. System 1 is intuitive(直觉的), relying on natural ability and feeling. It is quick, but likely exposed to misinformation. System 2 is analytical involving the use of logic reasoning. It is mentally demanding. When it is engaged, we think our way through the material step by step.
For decades, psychologists have designed various tests to determine which of these two systems a person is using. As one example, consider the following question: How many animals of each kind did Moses take on the Ark(方舟) If you answered two, you were probably only considering the core of the question, which is System 1 thinking. To get to the right answer—zero, you need to think more carefully about the wording, which would allow you to remember it was Noah who built the Ark, not Moses. That is the kind of analytical process.
Keysar and Geipel's brilliant idea was to investigate whether the sensory form-seeing vs. hearing—of the information would make a difference. They found that it did: when answering these kinds of simple questions, participants were more likely to make errors when the sentences were spoken out loud, rather than written.
A greater reliance on our feelings could be a problem if we are consuming information that needs logical study. For this reason, I will return to reading non-fiction with my eyes rather than my ears. But I won't stop listening to novels. I am quite happy to go with the flow of my emotions while my critical mind takes a break
32. What does the author think of listening to audiobooks
A. It is relaxing. B. It is demanding.
C. It is time-consuming. D. It is economical.
33. Which of the following best describes System 2 model
A. Fairly reliable B. Fully automatic
C. Question-centered. D. Emotion-involved.
34. The author talked about the Ark in paragraph 3 in order to _____________.
A. introduce a topic B. draw a conclusion
C. present a fact D. illustrate a view
35. What does the author intend to tell us
A. Reading non-fiction books benefits. B. Listening to books comes at a price.
C. Critical thinking is a must in reading. D. Ways of receiving information differ.
江苏省镇江市2023-2024学年高二下学期期中英语试卷
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Culinary tourism in New Brunswick has grown dramatically and deliciously in recent years, offering up a variety of new adventures for the foodie explorers. Here's a sampling of what's on the menu.
Old-growth Forest Tour
Take a medicine walk with Cecelia Brooks and her son, Anthony Brooks. They guide you through the forest, teaching the history of local medicinal plants and trees along the way. Afterwards, they prepare wild rice and corn pancakes with ingredients straight from Cecelia's garden.
Kings Landing Tour
Wandering through the open-air museum's historic buildings and chatting with interpreters dressed in period clothing about life in the Saint John River valley in the 19th century is an immersive cultural experience, but eating history is next level. Tasting a meal in the King Head Inn's attractive dining room, where traditional pub food evokes（唤起） an immediate journey back in time.
Paddle（划桨）Tour
Second Nature Outdoors offers a sunrise paddle tour on the Saint John River that starts with a canoe （独木舟）out to Hartt Island, where guides teach how to roast coffee over a campfire. Drinking coffee and eating local cheese with river views is the perfect way to begin the day.
Ganong Chocolate Museum Tour
The museum tour includes everything from the early methods of chocolate making to the story behind the Ganong candy dynasty's famous Pal-o-Mine bar. The highlight must go to the hands-on activity where you participate in the complicated process of hand-dipping chocolates and taste the fruit of your labor!
21. Which tour will most probably make you feel transported to the past
A. Paddle Tour. B. Kings Landing Tour.
C. Old-growth Forest Tour. D. Ganong Chocolate Museum Tour.
22. What will travelers do during the Paddle Tour
A. Make local cheese. B. Enjoy an amazing canoe journey.
C. Learn the history of herbs. D. Take part in a paddle competition.
23. What do the four tours have in common
A. They provide walks in the forest. B. They require professional interpreters.
C. They offer immersive cultural experiences. D. They involve trying tasty cuisine or snacks.
B
On these dark winter evenings, I find myself daydreaming of summer. I think of the one activity and place that quiets my mind：clamming（挖蛤）on Cape Cod.
Before I had kids, it was a much-needed active outing after days of vacation-level eating. But when I went with kids, the experience took a turn from relaxation to devotion. The bay became part of the world I was trying to build for my children. The act of clamming became an unexpected escape, a moment when I wasn't thinking about 20 different things, when I wasn't really thinking at all.
This year, for the first time, my children joined in the clamming. I kept yelping （尖叫）when my children almost raked（用耙子耙） my feet. But there was joy in having something to teach them, to connect them not only to a generational tradition but also to the history of the land. And when they raised their basket and it wasn't a rock for the hundredth time, but rather a shining clam, it was a richer moment than if they had struck gold. Seeing a child holding up a clam with an expression of success on his face does more for the heart than any meditation（冥想）ever could.
I hope that one day my children will view clamming as the relaxation that I do. They are not there yet. At this point, it is more adventure than getaway. At the end of our clamming morning, my 6-year-old refused to leave, insisting she needed one more clam. When she finally caught one more clam, she laughed, pride written all over her face. To be fair, perhaps what she needed to get from clamming was not what I needed. Perhaps what she needed was to have a tiny bit of control over this wild world, one in which she has little say. In that moment, she was victorious, if not in calm, then in clam.
24. Why did the author go clamming before having children
A. To get together with her friends. B. To spend quality time with her family.
C. To escape the responsibility as an adult. D. To enjoy relaxation after overeating.
25. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A. The experience of clamming. B. The benefits of meditation.
C. The change of a generational tradition. D. The necessity of exploring the land.
26. How do the kids find clamming
A. Demanding and boring. B. Complicated and tiring.
C. Adventurous and rewarding. D. Painful and disappointing.
27. What can we infer from the last paragraph about the author and her kids
A. They are successful in removing stress. B. Clamming is the most interesting to them.
C. They refused to leave the bay. D. Clamming has different meanings to them.
C
A man whose right hand was cut in an operation at the age of 20 is now able to feel the temperature of the objects he touches with his prosthetic（假体的）hand, thanks to a new device integrated in it.
The device, called MiniTouch, was developed last year. It is made by two components, an active thermal（热的）sensor which measures temperature and generates realistic signals which are then sent to the second component, a thermal stimulator（刺激器）.
It was first tested as a standalone device at the prosthetic centre of the Italian Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work (INAIL) near Bologna. INAIL' s engineers integrated the thermal sensor on the index finger（食指）of the prosthetic hand of one patient, and the thermal stimulator into the connection point that secures the robotic hand to the forearm, in such a way that it touched a point on the remaining arm that aroused thermal feelings in the person's a prosthetic index finger-the typical feeling of still having the finger.
During eight experimental sessions over six months, the participant could identify objects with three different temperatures or made of different materials. He could also determine whether he was touching a prosthetic arm or a real arm while unable to see, and grasp and move blocks of different temperature in order to classify them from the hottest to the coldest.
“The richness and realism of the feelings provided to wearers is key to the effectiveness of a prosthetic hand in replacing a natural hand in daily activities, ” says Emanuele Gruppioni, who led the clinical tests.
“As a next step we will work with a new prosthetic hand, developed in cooperation with the Italian
Institute of Technology, to improve the MiniTouch integration and have a light and wearable thermal prosthetic hand, " Gruppioni concludes.
28. What's the function of paragraph 1
A. To present a problem. B. To make a comparison.
C. To introduce the topic. D. To clarify a concept.
29. What does the underlined word “it" in paragraph 3 refer to
A. The thermal stimulator. B. The connection point.
C. The index finger. D. The thermal sensor.
30. What does MiniTouch enable the patient to do when tested
A. Change the materials of the objects. B. Integrate a thermal sensor on his real arm.
C. Feel the temperature of the objects. D. Send thermal information to engineers.
31. What is the best title for the text
A. A man who has a prosthetic had B. MiniTouch that consists of two components
C. A prosthetic hand that feels the heat D. Engineers who made a wearable prosthetic hand
D
Scientists are embracing artificial intelligence (AI)-from developing “self-driving” laboratories to replacing human participants in social-science experiments with robots. Many disadvantages of AI systems have been discussed. In an article published in Nature this week, social scientists say that AI systems carry a further risk: that researchers perceive such tools as possessed of superhuman abilities when it comes to objectivity, productivity and understanding complex concepts.
Scientists planning to use AI “must evaluate these risks now”, write co-authors Lisa Messeri and Molly Crockett. The article is a warning about what could be lost if scientists embrace AI systems without thoroughly considering such risks.
Messeri and Crockett examined around 100 papers and books, published mainly over the past five years. From these, they put together a picture of the ways in which scientists see AI systems as enhancing human capabilities.
In one “vision”, which they call AI as Oracle, researchers see AI tools as able to tirelessly read and digest scientific papers. In another vision, called AI as Arbiter, systems are perceived as evaluating scientific findings more objectively than do people. In a third vision, AI as Quant, AI tools seem to perform better than the human mind in analyzing data sets.
Messeri and Crockett also predict risks that arise from these visions. One is the illusion（幻觉）of explanatory depth, in which people relying on another person-or, in this case, an algorithm（算法）-for knowledge are likely to mistake that knowledge for their own. Another risk is that research becomes skewed（偏颇的）towards studying the kinds of things that AI systems can test.
If you're a scientist planning to use AI, you can reduce these dangers through a number of strategies. All members of the scientific community must view AI use not as unavoidable for any particular task, but rather as a choice with risks and benefits that must be carefully weighed. 32. What is a further risk that AI systems carry according to paragraph 1
A. They perform better than humans.
B. Researchers overestimate their capabilities.
C. They are able to understand complex concepts.
D. Researchers use them in self-driving laboratories.
33. What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us about AI
A. Its benefits in analyzing scientific data.
B. Its roles in helping doing scientific research.
C. Its strengths in digesting scientific papers.
D. Its advantages in evaluating scientific findings.
34. What is the illusion of explanatory depth
A. Finding the accuracy in algorithmic.
B. Denying the mistake of algorithmic.
C. Accepting the complexity of algorithmic.
D. Considering algorithmic insights as personal understanding.
35. What's the author's attitude towards the use of AI in scientific community
A. Cautious. B. Approving. C. Unclear. D. Intolerant.
江苏省徐州市2023-2024学年高二下学期期中英语试卷
第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
San Diego stretches over nearly 350 square miles of beachfront and city, nature reserves and dynamic multicultural enclaves （飞地）. The option for accommodations are nearly as varied as the landform.
Kings Inn San Diego
Kings Inn, a family-owned motel, pay s honor to the mid-century but restoration have brought 21st-century necessities （free Wi-Fi/gym） and sunny rooms. There are two onsite themed restaurants where hotel guests can get 10 percent off. Affordable parking （$15/day） and near to popular sites make this an attractive extended stay option.
Kimpton Alma Hotel
Kimpton’s Alma has decoration inspired by the city: a beachy colour and street culture artwork. Among its three restaurants （the rooftop Leave of Absence bar is due to re-open spring 2024）, the Desmond draws locals for chef Jason Neroni’s winning cooking creations, while the casual Café is a good choice for steak fries. In addition, pets are treated almost as well as their human companions in this hotel, which attracts many pet-lovers.
San Diego Mission Bay Resort
Mission Bay resort is located between two family-friendly public parks which features a popular swimming spot and two massive playgrounds. Broad green space allow for outdoor games. Paved paths lead to a narrow beach, where children can splash （泼） in calm bay waters. Grownups have benefits too, including a spa and nightly live music.
The Guild
The Guild highlights San Diego’s military history. Through 1970, it was a center of social and recreational activities for more than 125 million service staff. A 2019 reconstruction has preserved Lincoln Rogers’ 1924 Italian Renaissance-style （文艺复兴风格） building. Today’s visitors can enjoy craft cocktails（手工鸡尾酒） at the inviting Farniente lobby bar and courtyard dining area.
21. Which hotel is suitable for guests with pets
A. The Guild. B. Kings Inn San Diego.
C. Kimpton Alma Hotel. D. San Diego Mission Bay Resort.
22. What do Kings Inn San Diego and The Guild have in common
A. They are relatively cheap. B. They are suitable for kids.
C. They’ve both been restored. D. They have a long military history.
23. Where is the text probably taken from
A. An official report. B. An art magazine.
C. A scientific research. D. A travel guidebook.
B
Born and raised in Kunming in Yunnan province, Yin Jiongjie is the son of two musicians and grew up listening to music and watching music performances. His father bought lots of recordings and DVDs of world-renowned classical musicians and symphony orchestras to ensure that his only son had as much exposure to music as possible.
As a child, Yin learned to play the piano and the violin. Later, he gave up the latter and focused instead on the piano. Even then, he decided that he would become a conductor one day. “There can be over 100 musicians in an orchestra but there is only one conductor. The conductor is like the composer’s messenger, which is a magical experience,” he said.
When he was 14, Chen Lin and Chen Bing, two conductors from the Central Conservatory of Music came to Kunming to choose students. Yin’s father allowed him to perform for them. Standing on the stage of the theater at the Yunnan Arts University, Yin raised his baton （指挥棒） and demonstrated how he would conduct to a recording of Dvorak’s Symphony No.9 From the New World. Ten months later, he moved to Beijing and enrolled at the Middle School Affiliated （附属） to the Central Conservatory of Music and later studied at the university under Chen Lin.
Since 2015, Yin has been chosen by the Central Conservatory of Music to participate in several master classes with conductors, among them South Korea’s Chung Myung-whun and Canada’s Yannick Nezet-Seguin. “There’s a huge gap between the training you receive in a conservatory and what is required of a professional conductor. The most basic thing is to build and expand my repertoire, and gain a deep understanding of each piece,” he says. “It is a skill that involves psychology, body language, knowledge of history, culture and music, and a sensitivity to everything that makes us human. And I have a long way to go.”
24. What can we learn about Yin Jiongjie from the first two paragraphs
A. His father excels at classical music. B. His father is a symphony conductor.
C. He kept playing the piano and violin. D. He had a dream of being a conductor.
25. What does the underlined phrase “enrolled at” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Visited. B. Impressed. C. Joined. D. Applauded.
26. Which of the following is Yin’s idea according to the last paragraph
A. Better late than never. B. Rome wasn’t built in a day.
C. The early bird catches the worm. D. When in Rome, do as the Romans do.
27. Which of the following best describes Yin Jiongjie
A. Talented and generous. B. Honest and trustworthy.
C. Determined and humorous. D. Purposeful and hard-working.
C
As an adult, one of the first questions you are asked when meeting someone new is, “What do you do ” This is because your career is a very important part of who you are. The career you have defines your life, and so taking time to think about it is an essential exercise for young people.
One of the most effective ways to get some insight on a possible career path is to complete a“career aptitude （才能） test”. There are many different kinds of career aptitude tests. Some ask questions about your personal interests and attitudes. Others focus more on asking you to rate different kinds of work scenarios （场景）, like working as a librarian or a lawyer. Of course, while completing these sorts of tests, it is very important to be honest—and don’t worry—there are no right or wrong answers.
One popular test asks the participants to grade their preferences for a variety of work tasks. Their answers are then analyzed and divided up between six different types of work personalities. The participant is then given a chart showing their score for each type of work personality. The top three scores are used to make a code that indicates the participant’s overall work personality. This code is then used to generate a list of career suggestions.
The career suggestions are also based on your education and experience level, but you can look at higher-level careers as well, which is very useful for high school students. For example, you could look at the basic careers to see what work you might like now, and then look at the more advanced careers so you know what you may like to aim for in the future. This is a great tool to help plan your career and let you know what targets you need to reach to get there.
In conclusion, career aptitude tests are clearly a very useful tool. So try a few tests online and start thinking about your future career right now!
28. Why does the author ask the question in paragraph 1
A. To support an idea. B. To introduce a topic.
C. To define a profession. D. To clarify a new concept.
29. What can we learn about the career aptitude test
A. It determines your future career.
B. It should be answered truthfully.
C. It stresses the accuracy of test answers.
D. It only cares about personal interests and attitudes
30. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A. The theory of coding. B. The advice on career planning.
C. The variety of work personalities. D. The process of a career aptitude test.
31. What does the author suggest us doing
A. Changing our jobs frequently. B. Upgrading our levels of education.
C. Following the career advice strictly. D. Pursuing advancement in our careers.
D
The sun’s “sneeze” arrived as predicted! China’s National Center for Space Weather （NCSW） forecast geomagnetic activities（地磁活动） to occur from March 24 to 26. According to geomagnetic monitoring data, Earth experienced a geomagnetic storm that continued for 12 hours on March 25. Geomagnetic storms happen due to coronal mass ejections （CMEs，日冕物质抛射） during which some material from the sun’s outer layer makes its way to Earth. They can shoot out a huge amount of material and carry a strong magnetic field, which causes major changes in Earth’s magnetic environment.
“Geomagnetic storms can disrupt radio waves and cause problems for ground communication and satellite signals,” Professor Cai Zheng from Tsinghua University told Xinhua. This can influence the accuracy of navigation （导航）systems and the quality of signals for phones and satellite TV. Strong geomagnetic storms can also impact power transmission systems, even resulting in power failure. To reduce the effects of geomagnetic storms, it’s recommended to power off unnecessary electronic devices, especially high-powered ones, to prevent damage or fire. Critical equipment and infrastructure（基础设施） also require special protective measures, including regular checks and data backups, noted Guangming Daily.
Intense geomagnetic activity can also affect the migration and navigation abilities of animals. For instance, homing pigeons rely on Earth’s magnetic field for navigation during flight. Geomagnetic storms can affect their ability to find their way, making it difficult for them to return home.
Despite these disruptions, what about the impact of such storms on humans Shortly after the recent geomagnetic storm, the topic of “geomagnetic storms and sleep” trended on Sina Weibo with some internet users claiming that they had trouble sleeping. However, it was just a convenient excuse. “Geomagnetic storms don’t influence human health,” Zong Weiguo at China Meteorological Administration told Science and Technology Daily.
32. What can we learn from the first paragraph
A. Geomagnetic storms are caused by CMEs.
B. Geomagnetic storms change the Earth’s environment.
C. The Geomagnetic storm predicted by NCSW lasted 3 days.
D. Some substances from the sun’s inner layer focus magnetic fields.
33. What effects may Geomagnetic storms have
A. They make it difficult for people to sleep. B. They sharpen animals’ sense of direction.
C. They force electronic devices power-off. D. They bring inconvenience to human life.
34. What measures are advised to minimize the impacts of Geomagnetic storms
A. Deleting unnecessary data frequently. B. Avoiding driving out during that period.
C. Checking important equipment regularly. D. Turning off the badly-needed electronics.
35. What is the best title for the text
A. Geomagnetic storms: Valuable natural activities.
B. Geomagnetic storms: Uninvited guests from the sun.
C. Geomagnetic storms: An unpredictable phenomenon.
D. Geomagnetic storms: Convenient excuses for humans.
江苏省宿迁市2023-2024学年高二下学期期中英语试卷
二、阅读理解
My Daughter Forever Locket
From the day she was born, she has been your treasure. Now our craftsmen have created this extremely attractive locket (纪念盒吊坠), a unique present from Danbury Mint, to represent your love for her.Sparkles with eight diamonds!
The beautiful double-sided locket has a pair of hearts — representing you and your daughter — on one side, and a beautiful heart pattern on the other. The locket shines with eight diamonds, and she’ll really love the distinctive heartfelt message inside. The locket is plated (镀) in luxurious 18ct gold and presented on a trace chain, which can be worn up to 20 inches in length. It will arrive in an attractive presentation box, perfect for gift-giving.Affordable monthly installments (分期付款)! Satisfaction guaranteed!
This complex piece of jewellery makes the perfect gift! The My Daughter Forever Locket can be yours to give for only 90, payable in three monthly installments of 30; postage and handling is 7.80 no matter how many you order. Your satisfaction is guaranteed. If you or your daughter are not delighted, you may return the locket within 90 days for a FULL refund — including our postage and handling charge!Don’t delay, order today!
Go to www.danburymint.co.uk or call now on 0344 557 1000. Alternatively, post your order form to the following address: Danbury Mint. Davis Road, Chessington KT9 1SE.
Attention: Our locket is also available for your granddaughter!
21．What is special about the locket
A．It is designed for daughters.
B．It can be extended to 20 inches.
C．It is made of gold and diamonds.
D．It includes a sincere message inside.
22．How much do you pay for buying two lockets without instalment
A． 180. B． 97.8. C． 187.8. D． 90.
23．Where is this text probably taken from
A．A travel guide. B．An advertisement.
C．A textbook. D．An academic article.
Rising Legacy High School senior Brianna Ortiz is one of five students in the US and the only Texan to be selected to attend the International Science School (ISS) this summer in Australia.
This famous programme, designed to inspire young minds and awaken a passion for space exploration, provides students with an immersive and educational experience that promises to shape their future in the field of space science.
Brianna’s space journey started when she tooke part in MISD’s Orbitz program in the fall of 2021. That experience gave her the opportunity to apply for ISS through an extensive application process that included letters of recommendation, writing essays and an interview. ISS selected Brianna from a highly competitive pool of international applicants who share an enthusiasm for space exploration.
During the program, Brianna will have the privilege of engaging with outstanding scientists, engineers and educators who will guide her through a series of hands-on activities, simulations (模拟), and lectures. This comprehensive training will provide her with invaluable knowledge about space travel, rocketry, robotics, and other essential aspects of the aerospace industry.
“This is a dream come true for me, and I can’t wait to immerse myself in the world of space exploration,” Brianna said. “When I was little, I wanted to be an astronaut, but now I’m interested in becoming an aerospace engineer and building rockets that impact the way we live here on Earth.”
Brianna said one of the things she’s most looking forward to is the opportunity to cooperate with fellow like-minded students from around the world. They will participate in team-building exercises, problem-solving challenges, and space mission simulations, developing essential skills such as leadership, critical thinking, and effective communication.
The experience gained at ISS will broaden Brianna’s horizons and inspire her to pursue a career in the exciting field of space exploration.
24．What is the aim of ISS
A．To select the best talent.
B．To cultivate excellent astronauts.
C．To help students develop a strong mind.
D．To get students interested in space exploration.
25．Which of the following best describes the process of Brianna being received by ISS
A．Difficult. B．Painful. C．Creative. D．Slow.
26．What will Brianna do at ISS
A．Experience space travel. B．Listen to lectures by experts.
C．Work in an aerospace factory. D．Participate in robotics development.
27．What can we learn about Brianna
A．She has great teamwork skills.
B．She has been the best students at ISS.
C．She dreams of being an astronaut after attending ISS.
D．She has been interested in space exploration since childhood.
Could a daily walk be even better for our health than we thought Several new studies show that walking not only burns fat, but also boosts longevity (长寿)and has a dramatic anti-ageing effect on the body.
In the latest of these findings, due to be published in the journal Communications Biology in the next few weeks, Thomas Yates, a professor at the University of Leicester, showed that walkers who adopt a quick pace can have a biological age 15 years younger than those who take their time. Yates and his team looked at the length of telomeres (端粒)of chromosomes(染色体)in 405,981 middle-aged adults in the UK. As we grow older, our telomeres shorten, which results in accelerated cell ageing. “If we can keep them long for as long as possible, it acts as a buffer against ageing,” says Yates.
Their findings follow a review and analysis of 15 studies on walking involving almost 50,000 people that was published this week. Amanda Paluch at the University of Massachusetts Amhers confirmed that daily walking improves health and longevity, but more daily steps are better only up to a point. For adults under 60, Paluch showed a daily total of 8,000-10,000 steps was best for reducing risk of early death, while 6,000-8,000 steps was enough for the over-60s.
Walking has also recently been shown to strengthen the blood flow to the brain. In one of the largest studies, researchers revealed that 20 minutes of quick walking most days from middle age onwards will lower the risk of dementia (痴呆). Professor Edward Zamrini says, “The idea that you can reduce your risk for Alzheimer's disease by simply increasing your activity is very promising.”
Even in people with some existing age-related memory damage, walking can work wonders, as a year-long study in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease showed. “Walking is by far the best medicine we have for a healthy life,”says Yates.
28．What did Thomas Yates' study find about fast walking
A．It causes a damaging effect on the body.
B．It slows down the process of cell ageing.
C．It increases the number of chromosomes.
D．It shortens middle-aged adults' telomeres.
29．What does the underlined word “buffer” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Something shortening telomeres.
B．Something speeding up cell ageing.
C．Something counting the walking pace.
D．Something helping protect from harm.
30．What did Amanda Paluch consider when doing research
A．Body shape. B．Age group.
C．Occupation type. D．Sample size.
31．What is the best title for the text
A．How daily walking helps burn fat
B．Why walking is the best midlife exercise
C．How many daily steps are better for adults
D．Whether walking reduces the risk of dementia
ChatGPT is a new artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot that can write essays, solve complex problems, compose song lyrics, and more. It has caused a new moral panic as many teachers, parents, and even some teens are convinced that students will use this tool to cheat. In response, a number of school districts have moved to ban ChatGPT.
Moral panics generally reveal underlying beliefs in technological determinism, so before jumping on the trend of banning ChatGPT, remember that technology will continue to be a big part of our kids’ lives. There is no putting that horse back in the barn, so it’s a good idea to figure out how to prepare kids to navigate a world with AI.
Preparing kids for AI means teaching them the skills and knowledge they need to work with AI technologies. Foremost among these are critical thinking and ethical (合乎道德的) decision-making. This includes learning how to check information sources to develop data literacy and understanding key ethical concepts such as copyright and privacy. It also means age-appropriate exposure to the benefits, challenges, and dangers of AI tools as they emerge.
As parents, you’d better not dismiss a tool like ChatGPT until you explore it for yourself. Think about how you would use ChatGPT. I asked it to write a recipe for Sole Meuniere (香煎鳎目鱼). It was very fast and accurate and included serving suggestions.
Ask your kids to brainstorm how they might use ChatGPT. Ask ChatGPT some questions together with your kids. All questions can lead you to a discussion about when it’s a helpful tool and what uses would be unethical or inappropriate.
AI is driving a lot of our interactions with technology. But it will never replace human cognition and will not go away. The only way to make use of its potential is to learn how to use it well.
32．What is the main purpose of paragraph 1
A．To raise a question to be discussed.
B．To list some interesting phenomena.
C．To express the main idea of the text.
D．To introduce a new trend in technology.
33．What is the author’s attitude towards banning ChatGPT
A．Tolerant. B．Opposed. C．Neutral. D．Unclear.
34．Why does the author mention the recipe for Sole Meuniere in paragraph4
A．To show that ChatGPT is easy to use.
B．To encourage readers to use ChatGPT in their daily life.
C．To prove that ChatGPT is commonly used in many aspects of life.
D．To inspire readers to consider whether ChatGPT would be useful for them.
35．Which statement will the author probably agree with
A．Kids should be allowed to explore AI freely.
B．Parents should instruct kids to use AI properly.
C．AI will replace human cognition in some fields.
D．AI needs to be improved to answer all questions.
答案：
江苏省南京市2023-2024学年高二下学期期中英语试卷
21-23 ACA 24-27 CDCA 28-31 CADC 32-35 CABB
江苏省苏州市2023-2024学年高二下学期期中英语试卷
21-23 DCB 24-27 DDCB 28-31 ACCB 32-35 AADB
江苏省镇江市2023-2024学年高二下学期期中英语试卷
21-25 BBDDA 26-30 CDCAC 31-35 CBBDA
江苏省徐州市2023-2024学年高二下学期期中英语试卷
21-23 CCD 24-27 DCBD 28-31 BBDD 32-35 ADCB
江苏省宿迁市2023-2024学年高二下学期期中英语试卷
21．D 22．C 23．B
24．D 25．A 26．B 27．D
28．B 29．D 30．B 31．B
32．A 33．B 34．D 35．B