高三英语
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50分)
第一节 (共15 小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Key railway stations in England
St Pancras International
Located in London’s city center on Euston Road, St Pancras International is one of the leading terminals (终点站) for Eurostar international train services from London to France, Belgium and the Netherlands.
St Pancras station was established in 1868 and is one of the masterpieces of Victorian engineering. It impresses people with Victorian Gothic architecture and is one of the world’s most elegant railway stations.
Paddington railway station
Paddington railway station is also known as Paddington Underground Station. Situated in Paddington, central London, the station is close to Marylebone and Bayswater. Paddington was opened in 1838 and is the London terminal of services operated by the Great Western Railway.
King’s Cross railway station
Located on the edge of Central London in the UK, King’s Cross station, or London King’s Cross, is one of the country’s busiest stations. It was opened in 1845 and named in honor of King George IV.
Today, London King’s Cross is one of the main hubs (中心) of the UK railway routes, connecting many major cities, including Edinburgh, Inverness, York, Cambridge, Newcastle, Glasgow and many other domestic routes. What’s more, the famous Harry Potter platform 9 / is set on London’s King’s Cross station.
Liverpool Lime Street railway station
Liverpool Lime Street is the central railway station in Liverpool, England. Established in 1836, the station is the oldest still-in-use grand terminal mainline station in the world. Plus, the building itself is quite impressive; its front was designed in the Renaissance Revival style.
Trips from Liverpool Lime Street cover plenty of destinations across England, Wales and Scotland. And being the busiest station in Liverpool, it serves over 16 million passengers a year.
21. Which station was put in use the latest of all
A. St Pancras International. B. Paddington railway station.
C. King’s Cross railway station. D. Liverpool Lime Street railway station.
22. Where is King’s Cross railway station situated
A. Outside of London. B. On Euston Road.
C. Near Marylebone and Bayswater. D. On the edge of Central London.
23. What is a fact about Liverpool Lime Street railway station
A. It can help people travel to England, Wales and Scotland.
B. It is a major terminal for Eurostar international trains.
C. It is one of the masterpieces of Victorian engineering.
D. It serves no more than 16 million passengers a year.
B
Norwegian playwright and author Jon Fosse has been awarded the Nobel prize in Literature for his “innovative plays and prose (散文) which give voice to the unsayable”.
The Swedish Academy considers Fosse as “one of the playwrights whose plays are the most widely performed in the world”, although the 64-year-old originally made his name as a novelist, beginning with Red, Black in 1983. He has since written many works of prose and poetry. “His literary works, including a variety of genres (体裁), consist of about 40 plays and a wealth of novels, poetry collections, essays, children’s books and translations,” said Anders Olsson, chairman of the Nobel committee for Literature.
Jon Fosse draws inspiration from his rural living environment and personal struggles which have deeply influenced his distinctive writing style. Growing up in a small coastal village, Fosse was lost in the beauty of nature and the vastness of the sea, which filled him with a sense of being alone and introspection (内省) that is reflected in his works. Fosse’s writing discussed themes of loneliness, longing, and the search for meaning in life. Additionally, his battles with depression have enabled him to explore the depths of human emotions and existential despair.
“He touches you so deeply when you read his works,” said Anders Olsson. “What is special about him is the closeness in his writing. It touches your deepest feelings—anxieties, insecurities, questions of life and death—which are things that every human being actually faces from the very beginning. In that sense, I think he reaches very far and there is a sort of a universal impact of everything that he writes.”
Fosse is the first-ever winner of the award writing in Nynorsk, one of the two official languages of Norway, but only used by just 10% of the population. As The Guardian writes, “Many Nynorsk speakers see Fosse ‘as a kind of national hero’ for his supporting and using the language.” Fosse’s being recognized on a global stage contributes to the visibility of Nynorsk as a written standard. It will attract more attention to Nynorsk literature, inspire and encourage Nynorsk speakers to continue preserving and highlighting their language heritage.
24. What made Jon Fosse become famous in the beginning
A. His news reports. B. His novels. C. His film reviews. D. His poetry collections.
25. What led Fosse to explore the depths of human emotions and existential despair
A. His appreciation for the vastness of the sea. B. His struggles against his bad mental state.
C. His pleasant rural living environment. D. His unfavourable family atmosphere.
26. What is the fourth paragraph mainly about
A. How Fosse has got inspiration for his writing.
B. How Fosse’s works enlighten and affect readers.
C. How Fosse’s works deal with questions of life and death.
D. How Fosse expresses the bond between human and nature.
27. Why is Fosse unique as a Nobel Prize winner
A. He has used a language spoken by a small number of people.
B. He promotes culture exchanges between different nations.
C. His works appeal to both the old and the young.
D. He has reset writing standards of Nynorsk.
C
Besides healthy soil, all plants also need water. This makes it hard to grow plants where it’s dry. But researchers in Texas may have found a way to keep plants in dry areas from dying of thirst. They have developed a soil additive. When mixed into the ground, it will take water from the air to share with plants.
Their invention is a super-moisture-absorbed gel (凝胶), or SMAG. It absorbs water from the air during the night. When the sun warms it the next day, that gel releases the water it holds into the root area of the plants.
The gel-based material “can be used as a soil enhancer (强化剂), as well as a replacement for soil in greenhouses for crop planting,” said Mr. Brown. He’s an engineer at the University of Texas-Austin. He led the team that developed the gel. Depending on the plants being grown, he said, this material could be “directly mixed with soil in certain amounts”.
The research decided to use this process to aid plants. The gel they mix with soil absorbs morning dew (露水) and holds it. The next day the ge l will slowly release that water into the soil.
The engineers tested the soil additive to grow plants on the roof of a building at the school. During an experiment, they compared plants grown only in sandy soil with plants grown in sandy soil that had been mixed with the gel. The gel-treated soil lost about 60 percent of the water that it had started with about a month earlier. By comparison, the untreated soil lost 80 percent of its water in just one week.
Scientists believe future studies will help them understand if the gel could be used for larger, outdoor fields. If it can, the water collected by the gel-treated soil could allow crops to be grown in drier climates, where irrigation is not practical.
28. Why did the researchers develop SMAG
A. To make soil much softer. B. To help soil get extra water.
C. To protect water resources. D. To increase agricultural output.
29. What can we learn about the use of SMAG
A. It can be mixed with soil. B. It needs to be used after rain.
C. It should be used in the morning. D. It can only be suitable for greenhouse crops.
30. How did the engineers test the effect of SMAG
A. By comparing plants in different types of gel-treated soil.
B. By comparing the gel-treated soil on roofs with that in greenhouses.
C. By comparing different plants with the same kind of gel-treated soil.
D. By comparing the water content of the gel-treated soil with that of the normal soil.
31. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. Whether SMAG can help with farming in dry areas is uncertain.
B. Scientists will study the side effects of SMAG.
C. SMAG should be tested in cold areas.
D. SMAG is a practical way of irrigation.
D
Leading museums in the United States are covering up or closing displays featuring Native American cultural objects owing to new federal rules. The new regulations require museums to obtain “free, prior and informed permission” from tribal leaders before displaying ancestral heritage items.
The American Museum of Natural History in New York City, the largest natural history museum in the world, announced on Jan 26 that it would close two halls spanning 10,000 square feet with Native American exhibits, as the exhibits are “severely outdated”. “The halls we are closing contain artifacts(历史文物) of an era when museums such as ours did not respect the values, perspectives and indeed shared humanity of Native Americans,” museum President Sean Decatur said in a letter to the staff, The New York Times reported. “The number of cultural objects on display in these halls is significant, and because these exhibits are also severely outdated, we have decided that rather than just covering or removing specific items, we will close the halls,” Decatur said. The move comes because of the implementation(执行) in early January of update d regulations under the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA).
Over the next five years, museums, universities, art institutions and similar places are required to undertake essential updates to prepare all human remains and related funerary(葬礼的) objects for repatriation(遣送),making sure that tribes have more power and increased authority throughout the process. “The ultimate goal of the law is not to cover up exhibitions. It’s not to prevent appropriate education about diverse native cultures. It’s about repairing and repatriating items that have been stolen over the last couple of centuries and returning them to the rightful people,” Shannon O’Loughlin, the CEO of the Association on American Indian Affairs said.
Chicago’s Field Museum earlier this month also closed several displays featuring Native American cultural items. The Field Museum has one of the biggest collections of Native American remains in the country and opened a new permanent exhibition in the spring of 2022 that displaced the museum’s longstanding Native American exhibition since the 1950s.
Harvard University, which has more than 5,000 Native American human remains, has said it will remove all Native American funerary items from its exhibits. “Exhibitions have always been discussed during tribal discussions and cultural items have been removed from display at the tribal request. With the new NAGPRA regulations, the museum is in the process of removing all the funerary belongings and likely funerary belongings off display,” Harvard University’s Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, said in a statement.
32. Which has the same meaning as the underlined word “perspectives” in Paragraph 2
A. Occupations. B. Faults. C. Challenges. D. Viewpoints.
33. What did Chicago’s Field Museum do in the spring of 2022
A. It opened a new permanent exhibition.
B. It collected some Native American belongings.
C. It handed funerary objects to American Indians.
D. It set about displaying Native American cultural objects.
34. How is Harvard University dealing with all the funerary belongings
A. By selling them to other people. B. By putting them in some labs.
C. By taking them away from its exhibits. D. By covering them with pieces of cloth.
35. What is the best title for the text
A. US New NAGPRA regulations scheduled to be in effect
B. US museums stop displaying Native American exhibits
C US museums feature Native American cultural items
D. US museums prefer ancestral heritage items
第二节 (共5 小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Seeing happiness differently
Since its official beginning in 2013, the International Day of Happiness has been observed for 11 years. It falls on March 20 every year. ___36___But what exactly is happiness, and how can one achieve it
Experts in various fields hold different views on what happiness means and the factors that influence it.
Sonja Lyubomirsky is a researcher in the field of positive psychology. ___37___According to her, happiness can be described as “the experience of joy, content (满足) or positive well-being, combined with a sense that one’s life is good, meaningful and worthwhile.”
People’s levels of subjective happiness are influenced by both internal factors, such as personality and outlook, and external factors, such as the environment in which they live, according to the author of the book Culture and Psychology. ___38___These include their natural personality traits (特性), the quality of their relationships with others, the society they are a part of, and their ability to meet their basic needs.
More than that, experts in medical fields found that genes might influence happiness. In an article published in Iran J Public Health, three researchers show how twin studies have suggested that genetic factors count for35~50 percent of happiness. The study also mentioned two genes that may have an effect on happiness, which may help clarify the genetic base of happiness in the future.
From the aspect of economics, Tejvan Pettinger, an independent economics researcher, said that the factors affecting happiness can include income, quality of work, quality of consumption, leisure, the welfare of family members and the environment. ___39___He believes that at low levels of income, increasing income is generally considered to increase happiness as it allows a person to buy essential goods and services such as food, shelter, health care and education. However, after certain income levels, rising income contributes little to overall happiness.
___40___So people define it differently and pursue it in a variety of ways. It’s a life lesson worth our whole lifetime to explore.
A. This special day serves to remind people of the significance of happiness.
B. She provides a clear description of happiness.
C. Among them, income is a crucial factor.
D. Several important factors contribute to a person’s happiness.
E. What is their main source of income
F. Career success may not be a guarantee of happiness.
G. The truth is that happiness itself is different for everyone.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Two Canadian teenagers, William and Henry, have been taking on a series of remarkable challenges. Their most recent action ___41___ following the shores of the Lake Ontario for 73 kilometers. They walked from Toronto to Hamilton, Canada, in about 18 hours.
“We like to challenge ourselves physically and ___42___. We like to ___43___ challenges like these. And we feel as though going on a long walk is kind of just the purest form of challenge that you can have.” Henry told CBC news.
With very little ___44___, the two 16-year-olds began their journey at 5 am, starting in darkness and finishing before midnight. They took several breaks, stopping at benches with ___45___ views along the way, which appealed to them so much.
During their walk, one of the interesting ___46___ they encountered was an abandoned cargo ship(货船).“You’d be ___47___ by the amount of things that you don’t see when you are driving and that you will see when you’re taking your time walking,” said Henry.
___48___, the journey was not only a physical ___49___ but also a significant mental challenge. There were moments of ____50____ for the pair, requiring them to ____51____ each other along the way.
Around 70 km into the walk, they ____52____ a person on a bridge who appeared to be experiencing a mental health ____53____. “I wasn’t sure what was going to happen to me and Henry. But we tried to ____54____ him to get out of it and ended up calling the police, and the situation was ____55____and everyone was all right,” William told CBC News. The walk is now over but William and Henry are not ready to stop challenging themselves. They set about planning a two-day 100 km walk in the near future.
41. A. imagined B. involved C. permitted D. missed
42. A. hurriedly B. occasionally C. seriously D. mentally
43. A. evaluate B. describe C. overcome D. avoid
44. A. strength B. preparation C. humour D. independence
45. A. ordinary B. horrible C. fantastic D. concrete
46. A. sights B. matches C. platforms D. notices
47. A. amazed B. embarrassed C. confused D. terrified
48. A. Instead B. However C. Moreover D. Therefore
49. A. contact B. change C. appearance D. trial
50. A. pride B. victory C. amusement D. loneliness
51. A. blame B. warn C. support D. respect
52. A. came across B. turned down C. called on D. took over
53. A. crisis B. facility C. degree D. examination
54. A. allow B. forbid C. order D. convince
55. A. exposed B. eased C. predicted D. proved
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Have you ever seen the scene ___56___ (wear) a traditional Li ethnic group costume, a woman sits on the ground and weaves colorful yarn (纱线) into delicate brocade (织锦缎). These scenes are common in China s southernmost province of Hainan.
Li brocade, created by the Li ethnic group on Hainan Island, has ___57___ history of around 3,000 years. The entire process of the Li brocade tradition, from spinning, dyeing and weaving, to embroidery (刺绣), ___58___ (include) in the World Intangible Cultural Heritage list in 2009. Hu is one of the few provincial-level inheritors of Li brocade in Hainan.
In recent years, Hainan has invested ___59___ (heavy) in opening training institutes to teach the techniques of Li brocade. Since 2012, it has been a course at primary and secondary schools in the province. Local authorities have taken a series of measures to strengthen the systematic ___60___ (protect) of Li brocade and the development of Li brocade, which is so ___61___ (benefit) to the survival of the traditional skills.
To spread Li brocade skills as widely as possible, Hu has compiled teaching materials by ___62___ (she). Over the years, she has taken her brocade work to participate in the exchange activities of intangible cultural heritage in Japan and France on behalf of Hainan. A set of her handcrafted double knit Li brocade was added to UNESCO’s collection when ___63___ (exhibit) in Paris.
Hainan is vigorously pushing Li culture to go global as well, with the ancient craft expanding its presence on the international stage over the past five years. 2019 was the year ___64___ Li brocade techniques became the first Chinese intangible cultural heritage project to be put on display at UNESCO headquarters. In addition, Li brocade has appeared in the Boao Forum for Asia annual conferences for many consecutive years and has been presented ____65____ a national gift to guests in China and abroad.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节 (满分 15分)
66. 假定你是李华，你校国际部学生Sam想体验一下中餐。请你给他写封电子邮件，内容包括：
1.餐馆位置等介绍；
2.推荐的理由。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Sam,
How are you doing recently
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 (满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Karl was Fred’s son. When his son was little, Fred’s wife passed away, so a mountainous responsibility landed on Fred’s shoulders. Fred was fond of and cared about his son so much that he raised his son with all his heart and soul. He taught him to walk, talk, read and write. He also taught him how to be a true and moral man. When Karl came home with an injury due to falling off his bike or something else, it would hurt Fred’s heart more than it would hurt the boy. Whenever Karl went down with a fever, Fred would sit beside him day and night, barely sleeping a wink (合眼). He always supported Karl in every aspect. Gradually, Karl grew up to become an adult.
How deeply Fred loved his son! However, Fred was unprepared for the day when his beloved son Karl told him he would leave and start his own business in a new city.
“But, Karl, you are too young to start a business,” Fred warned his son. “You still have a long way to go. I think you can help me manage the cafe my grandma left to me first. This way, I’d be able to teach you more about business.” But Karl was stubborn and wouldn’t follow Fred’s advice. “Dad, I am not a kid anymore, so allow me to determine my life. OK ” said Karl. One week later, Karl packed his things and left for the new city, leaving the sad and worried father behind.
Three months passed. One night, Fred got a call from his son. It was strange because Karl seldom called him up after he left for the new city. “Dad, I should have followed your suggestions and stayed at home. I went bankrupt (破产的) and I am in debt now,” Karl said. “I knew this would happen someday,” Fred painfully thought. He planned to help his son and made one of his most difficult choices. “Don’t worry, my son. Luckily, you will succeed to (继承) a huge amount of money from your uncle, soon,” Fred told Karl.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“Oh, I am so fortunate,” said Kurl.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
On his way back home, Kar l was wondering how his father was.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________高三英语
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50分)
第一节 (共15 小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Key railway stations in England
St Pancras International
Located in London’s city center on Euston Road, St Pancras International is one of the leading terminals (终点站) for Eurostar international train services from London to France, Belgium and the Netherlands.
St Pancras station was established in 1868 and is one of the masterpieces of Victorian engineering. It impresses people with Victorian Gothic architecture and is one of the world’s most elegant railway stations.
Paddington railway station
Paddington railway station is also known as Paddington Underground Station. Situated in Paddington, central London, the station is close to Marylebone and Bayswater. Paddington was opened in 1838 and is the London terminal of services operated by the Great Western Railway.
King’s Cross railway station
Located on the edge of Central London in the UK, King’s Cross station, or London King’s Cross, is one of the country’s busiest stations. It was opened in 1845 and named in honor of King George IV.
Today, London King’s Cross is one of the main hubs (中心) of the UK railway routes, connecting many major cities, including Edinburgh, Inverness, York, Cambridge, Newcastle, Glasgow and many other domestic routes. What’s more, the famous Harry Potter platform 9 / is set on London’s King’s Cross station.
Liverpool Lime Street railway station
Liverpool Lime Street is the central railway station in Liverpool, England. Established in 1836, the station is the oldest still-in-use grand terminal mainline station in the world. Plus, the building itself is quite impressive; its front was designed in the Renaissance Revival style.
Trips from Liverpool Lime Street cover plenty of destinations across England, Wales and Scotland. And being the busiest station in Liverpool, it serves over 16 million passengers a year.
21. Which station was put in use the latest of all
A. St Pancras International. B. Paddington railway station.
C. King’s Cross railway station. D. Liverpool Lime Street railway station.
22. Where is King’s Cross railway station situated
A. Outside of London. B. On Euston Road.
C. Near Marylebone and Bayswater. D. On the edge of Central London.
23. What is a fact about Liverpool Lime Street railway station
A. It can help people travel to England, Wales and Scotland.
B. It is a major terminal for Eurostar international trains.
C. It is one of the masterpieces of Victorian engineering.
D. It serves no more than 16 million passengers a year.
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了英国主要铁路站建立的时间、位置、建筑特色和铁路线覆盖地等。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据St Pancras International部分的“St Pancras station was established in 1868 and is one of the masterpieces of Victorian engineering.(St Pancras车站建于1868年，是维多利亚时代工程的杰作之一。)”以及Paddington railway station部分的“Paddington was opened in 1838 and is the London terminal of services operated by the Great Western Railway.(Paddington车站于1838年开放，是大西部铁路在伦敦的终点站。)”以及King’s Cross railway station部分的“It was opened in 1845 and named in honor of King George IV.(它于1845年开放，并以乔治四世国王的名字命名。)”以及Liverpool Lime Street railway station部分的“Established in 1836, the station is the oldest still-in-use grand terminal mainline station in the world.(该车站建于1836年，是世界上仍在使用的最古老的大终点站。)”可知，St Pancras International火车站投入使用的时间最晚。故选A项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据King’s Cross railway station部分的“Located on the edge of Central London in the UK, King’s Cross station, or London King’s Cross, is one of the country’s busiest stations.(位于英国伦敦市中心的边缘，King’s Cross车站，或London King’s Cross车站，是该国最繁忙的车站之一。)”可知，King’s Cross火车站位于英国伦敦市中心的边缘。故选D项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Liverpool Lime Street railway station部分的“Trips from Liverpool Lime Street cover plenty of destinations across England, Wales and Scotland.(从利物浦莱姆街出发的行程涵盖了英格兰、威尔士和苏格兰的许多目的地。)”可知Liverpool Lime Street车站覆盖了英格兰、威尔士和苏格兰的许多目的地，所以它可以帮助人们去英格兰、威尔士和苏格兰旅行。故选A项。
B
Norwegian playwright and author Jon Fosse has been awarded the Nobel prize in Literature for his “innovative plays and prose (散文) which give voice to the unsayable”.
The Swedish Academy considers Fosse as “one of the playwrights whose plays are the most widely performed in the world”, although the 64-year-old originally made his name as a novelist, beginning with Red, Black in 1983. He has since written many works of prose and poetry. “His literary works, including a variety of genres (体裁), consist of about 40 plays and a wealth of novels, poetry collections, essays, children’s books and translations,” said Anders Olsson, chairman of the Nobel committee for Literature.
Jon Fosse draws inspiration from his rural living environment and personal struggles which have deeply influenced his distinctive writing style. Growing up in a small coastal village, Fosse was lost in the beauty of nature and the vastness of the sea, which filled him with a sense of being alone and introspection (内省) that is reflected in his works. Fosse’s writing discussed themes of loneliness, longing, and the search for meaning in life. Additionally, his battles with depression have enabled him to explore the depths of human emotions and existential despair.
“He touches you so deeply when you read his works,” said Anders Olsson. “What is special about him is the closeness in his writing. It touches your deepest feelings—anxieties, insecurities, questions of life and death—which are things that every human being actually faces from the very beginning. In that sense, I think he reaches very far and there is a sort of a universal impact of everything that he writes.”
Fosse is the first-ever winner of the award writing in Nynorsk, one of the two official languages of Norway, but only used by just 10% of the population. As The Guardian writes, “Many Nynorsk speakers see Fosse ‘as a kind of national hero’ for his supporting and using the language.” Fosse’s being recognized on a global stage contributes to the visibility of Nynorsk as a written standard. It will attract more attention to Nynorsk literature, inspire and encourage Nynorsk speakers to continue preserving and highlighting their language heritage.
24. What made Jon Fosse become famous in the beginning
A. His news reports. B. His novels. C. His film reviews. D. His poetry collections.
25. What led Fosse to explore the depths of human emotions and existential despair
A. His appreciation for the vastness of the sea. B. His struggles against his bad mental state.
C. His pleasant rural living environment. D. His unfavourable family atmosphere.
26. What is the fourth paragraph mainly about
A. How Fosse has got inspiration for his writing.
B. How Fosse’s works enlighten and affect readers.
C. How Fosse’s works deal with questions of life and death.
D. How Fosse expresses the bond between human and nature.
27. Why is Fosse unique as a Nobel Prize winner
A. He has used a language spoken by a small number of people.
B. He promotes culture exchanges between different nations.
C. His works appeal to both the old and the young.
D. He has reset writing standards of Nynorsk.
【答案】24. B 25. B 26. B 27. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要叙述了诺贝尔文学奖获得者挪威剧作家兼作家乔恩 福斯获奖的原因、其作品的主题和独特之处。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The Swedish Academy considers Fosse as “one of the playwrights whose plays are the most widely performed in the world”, although the 64-year-old originally made his name as a novelist, beginning with Red, Black in 1983. (瑞典文学院认为福斯是“世界上戏剧演出最广泛的剧作家之一。”，尽管64岁的福斯最初是以小说家的身份出名的，1983年他的作品是《红与黑》)”可知，Fosse起初是以写小说而成名。故选B。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Additionally, his battles with depression have enabled him to explore the depths of human emotions and existential despair. (此外，他与抑郁症的斗争使他能够探索人类情感的深处和存在的绝望。)”可知，他与不良的精神状态作斗争使他能够探索人类情感的深处和存在的绝望。故选B。
【26题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段““He touches you so deeply when you read his works,” said Anders Olsson. “What is special about him is the closeness in his writing. It touches your deepest feelings—anxieties, insecurities, questions of life and death—which are things that every human being actually faces from the very beginning. In that sense, I think he reaches very far and there is a sort of a universal impact of everything that he writes.” (“当你读到他的作品时，他深深地打动了你，”安德斯·奥尔森说。“他的特别之处在于他作品中的亲密感。它触动了你最深的感受——焦虑、不安全感、生死问题——这些都是每个人从一开始就面临的事情。从这个意义上说，我认为他的影响非常深远，他所写的一切都有一种普遍的影响。”)”可知，该段大意是福斯的作品如何启发和影响读者的。故选B。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。 根据最后一段“Fosse is the first-ever winner of the award writing in Nynorsk, one of the two official languages of Norway, but only used by just 10% of the population. (福斯是第一个用挪威两种官方语言之一的新挪威语写作的获奖者，但只有10%的人口使用。)”可知，作为诺贝尔奖得主，福斯是独一无二的因为他使用了一种少数人使用的语言。故选A。
C
Besides healthy soil, all plants also need water. This makes it hard to grow plants where it’s dry. But researchers in Texas may have found a way to keep plants in dry areas from dying of thirst. They have developed a soil additive. When mixed into the ground, it will take water from the air to share with plants.
Their invention is a super-moisture-absorbed gel (凝胶), or SMAG. It absorbs water from the air during the night. When the sun warms it the next day, that gel releases the water it holds into the root area of the plants.
The gel-based material “can be used as a soil enhancer (强化剂), as well as a replacement for soil in greenhouses for crop planting,” said Mr. Brown. He’s an engineer at the University of Texas-Austin. He led the team that developed the gel. Depending on the plants being grown, he said, this material could be “directly mixed with soil in certain amounts”.
The research decided to use this process to aid plants. The gel they mix with soil absorbs morning dew (露水) and holds it. The next day, the ge l will slowly release that water into the soil.
The engineers tested the soil additive to grow plants on the roof of a building at the school. During an experiment, they compared plants grown only in sandy soil with plants grown in sandy soil that had been mixed with the gel. The gel-treated soil lost about 60 percent of the water that it had started with about a month earlier. By comparison, the untreated soil lost 80 percent of its water in just one week.
Scientists believe future studies will help them understand if the gel could be used for larger, outdoor fields. If it can, the water collected by the gel-treated soil could allow crops to be grown in drier climates, where irrigation is not practical.
28. Why did the researchers develop SMAG
A. To make soil much softer. B. To help soil get extra water.
C. To protect water resources. D. To increase agricultural output.
29. What can we learn about the use of SMAG
A. It can be mixed with soil. B. It needs to be used after rain.
C. It should be used in the morning. D. It can only be suitable for greenhouse crops.
30. How did the engineers test the effect of SMAG
A. By comparing plants in different types of gel-treated soil.
B. By comparing the gel-treated soil on roofs with that in greenhouses.
C. By comparing different plants with the same kind of gel-treated soil.
D. By comparing the water content of the gel-treated soil with that of the normal soil.
31. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. Whether SMAG can help with farming in dry areas is uncertain.
B. Scientists will study the side effects of SMAG.
C. SMAG should be tested in cold areas.
D. SMAG is a practical way of irrigation.
【答案】28. B 29. A 30. D 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一种土壤添加剂，可以解决庄稼缺水问题。当这种凝胶混合进入地下时，它会从空气中吸收水分，与植物分享。科学家们相信，未来的研究将帮助他们了解这种凝胶是否可以用于更大的户外场地，让庄稼在较干旱的地区也能生长。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“When mixed into the ground, it will take water from the air to share with plants.(当混合到地下时，它会从空气中吸收水分，与植物分享)”以及第二段“Their invention is a super-moisture-absorbed gel (凝胶), or SMAG. It absorbs water from the air during the night. When the sun warms it the next day, that gel releases the water it holds into the root area of the plants.(他们的发明是一种超吸湿凝胶，简称SMAG。它在夜间从空气中吸收水分。当第二天太阳使它变暖时，这种凝胶就会把它所含的水释放到植物的根部)”可知，SMAG能帮助土壤获得额外的水分。故选B。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Depending on the plants being grown, he said, this material could be “directly mixed with soil in certain amounts”.(他说，根据种植的植物，这种材料可以“以一定数量直接与土壤混合”)”可知，SMAG 可以和土壤混合起来使用。故选A。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“During an experiment, they compared plants grown only in sandy soil with plants grown in sandy soil that had been mixed with the gel. The gel-treated soil lost about 60 percent of the water that it had started with about a month earlier. By comparison, the untreated soil lost 80 percent of its water in just one week.(在一项实验中，他们将只在沙土中生长的植物与在混合了凝胶的沙土中生长的植物进行了比较。经过凝胶处理的土壤失去了大约一个月前开始的60%的水分。相比之下，未经处理的土壤在短短一周内就流失了80%的水分)”可知，是通过比较凝胶处理土壤与正常土壤的含水量来检测SMAG的效果。故选D。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“Scientists believe future studies will help them understand if the gel could be used for larger, outdoor fields. If it can, the water collected by the gel-treated soil could allow crops to be grown in drier climates, where irrigation is not practical.(科学家们相信，未来研究将帮助他们了解这种凝胶是否可以用于更大的户外田地。如果可以的话，经过凝胶处理的土壤收集的水可以让作物在干旱的气候中生长，而在干旱的气候中，灌溉是不现实的)”可知，SMAG是否能帮助干旱地区的农业还不确定。故选A。
D
Leading museums in the United States are covering up or closing displays featuring Native American cultural objects owing to new federal rules. The new regulations require museums to obtain “free, prior and informed permission” from tribal leaders before displaying ancestral heritage items.
The American Museum of Natural History in New York City, the largest natural history museum in the world, announced on Jan 26 that it would close two halls spanning 10,000 square feet with Native American exhibits, as the exhibits are “severely outdated”. “The halls we are closing contain artifacts(历史文物) of an era when museums such as ours did not respect the values, perspectives and indeed shared humanity of Native Americans,” museum President Sean Decatur said in a letter to the staff, The New York Times reported. “The number of cultural objects on display in these halls is significant, and because these exhibits are also severely outdated, we have decided that rather than just covering or removing specific items, we will close the halls,” Decatur said. The move comes because of the implementation(执行) in early January of update d regulations under the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA).
Over the next five years, museums, universities, art institutions and similar places are required to undertake essential updates to prepare all human remains and related funerary(葬礼的) objects for repatriation(遣送),making sure that tribes have more power and increased authority throughout the process. “The ultimate goal of the law is not to cover up exhibitions. It’s not to prevent appropriate education about diverse native cultures. It’s about repairing and repatriating items that have been stolen over the last couple of centuries and returning them to the rightful people,” Shannon O’Loughlin, the CEO of the Association on American Indian Affairs said.
Chicago’s Field Museum earlier this month also closed several displays featuring Native American cultural items. The Field Museum has one of the biggest collections of Native American remains in the country and opened a new permanent exhibition in the spring of 2022 that displaced the museum’s longstanding Native American exhibition since the 1950s.
Harvard University, which has more than 5,000 Native American human remains, has said it will remove all Native American funerary items from its exhibits. “Exhibitions have always been discussed during tribal discussions and cultural items have been removed from display at the tribal request. With the new NAGPRA regulations, the museum is in the process of removing all the funerary belongings and likely funerary belongings off display,” Harvard University’s Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, said in a statement.
32. Which has the same meaning as the underlined word “perspectives” in Paragraph 2
A. Occupations. B. Faults. C. Challenges. D. Viewpoints.
33. What did Chicago’s Field Museum do in the spring of 2022
A. It opened a new permanent exhibition.
B. It collected some Native American belongings.
C. It handed funerary objects to American Indians.
D. It set about displaying Native American cultural objects.
34. How is Harvard University dealing with all the funerary belongings
A. By selling them to other people. B. By putting them in some labs.
C. By taking them away from its exhibits. D. By covering them with pieces of cloth.
35. What is the best title for the text
A. US New NAGPRA regulations scheduled to be in effect
B. US museums stop displaying Native American exhibits
C. US museums feature Native American cultural items
D. US museums prefer ancestral heritage items
【答案】32. D 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章主要报道根据新的联邦法规，美国的主要博物馆正在覆盖或关闭以美国原住居民历史文物为主题的展览，说明了该行为的原因和措施。
【32题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“The halls we are closing contain artifacts(历史文物) of an era when museums such as ours did not respect the values, perspectives and indeed shared humanity of Native Americans,”（我们正在关闭的大厅包含了一些历史文物，这些文物来自一个我们这样的博物馆并未尊重美洲原住民的价值观、perspectives和共享的人性的时代）可知，根据该词前后的“values”和“humanity”以及该词前的谓语“respect”结合全文大意可知该词是“看法;观点”的意思。可推知，这里的“perspectives”指的是“观点”。故选D。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Chicago’s Field Museum earlier this month also closed several displays featuring Native American cultural items. The Field Museum has one of the biggest collections of Native American remains in the country and opened a new permanent exhibition in the spring of 2022 that displaced the museum’s longstanding Native American exhibition since the 1950s.”（芝加哥的菲尔德博物馆本月早些时候也关闭了几个展示美洲原住民文化物品的展览。菲尔德博物馆拥有全国最大的美洲原住民遗物收藏，并在2022年春天开设了一个新的永久性展览，取代了自1950年代以来的长期美洲原住民展览）可知，芝加哥的菲尔德博物馆在2022年春天开设了一个新的永久性展览。故选A。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Harvard University, which has more than 5,000 Native American human remains, has said it will remove all Native American funerary items from its exhibits.”（哈佛大学，拥有超过5000件美洲原住民的人类遗骸，已经表示将从其展览中移除所有的美洲原住民的葬礼物品）可知，哈佛大学正在从其展览中移除所有的葬礼物品。故选C。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文,如第一段中的“Leading museum s in the United States are covering up or closing display s featuring Native American cultural objects owing to new federal rules”（根据新的联邦法规，美国的主要博物馆正在掩盖或关闭以美国原住民文物为主题的展览）可知美国博物馆停止展示有关印第安人的展品。故选B。
第二节 (共5 小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Seeing happiness differently
Since its official beginning in 2013, the International Day of Happiness has been observed for 11 years. It falls on March 20 every year. ___36___But what exactly is happiness, and how can one achieve it
Experts in various fields hold different views on what happiness means and the factors that influence it.
Sonja Lyubomirsky is a researcher in the field of positive psychology. ___37___According to her, happiness can be described as “the experience of joy, content (满足) or positive well-being, combined with a sense that one’s life is good, meaningful and worthwhile.”
People’s levels of subjective happiness are influenced by both internal factors, such as personality and outlook, and external factors, such as the environment in which they live, according to the author of the book Culture and Psychology. ___38___These include their natural personality traits (特性), the quality of their relationships with others, the society they are a part of, and their ability to meet their basic needs.
More than that, experts in medical fields found that genes might influence happiness. In an article published in Iran J Public Health, three researchers show how twin studies have suggested that genetic factors count for35~50 percent of happiness. The study also mentioned two genes that may have an effect on happiness, which may help clarify the genetic base of happiness in the future.
From the aspect of economics, Tejvan Pettinger, an independent economics researcher, said that the factors affecting happiness can include income, quality of work, quality of consumption, leisure, the welfare of family members and the environment. ___39___He believes that at low levels of income, increasing income is generally considered to increase happiness as it allows a person to buy essential goods and services such as food, shelter, health care and education. However, after certain income levels, rising income contributes little to overall happiness.
___40___So people define it differently and pursue it in a variety of ways. It’s a life lesson worth our whole lifetime to explore.
A. This special day serves to remind people of the significance of happiness.
B. She provides a clear description of happiness.
C. Among them, income is a crucial factor.
D. Several important factors contribute to a person’s happiness.
E. What is their main source of income
F. Career success may not be a guarantee of happiness.
G. The truth is that happiness itself is different for everyone.
【答案】36. A 37. B 38. D 39. C 40. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明世界幸福日这个节日。如何定义幸福？各个领域的专家学者有不同的看法，普通人也有不同的观点。
【36题详解】
根据上文“Since its official beginning in 2013, the International Day of Happiness has been observed for 11 years. It falls on March 20 every year.(自2013年正式设立以来，国际幸福日已经庆祝了11个年头。在每年的3月20日。)”可推知，本句应承接上文，继续说明国际幸福日成立的意义。A选项“这个特殊的日子是为了提醒人们幸福的重要性。”符合语境，故选A。
【37题详解】
根据上文“Sonja Lyubomirsky is a researcher in the field of positive psychology.(Sonja Lyubomirsky是积极心理学领域的研究人员。)”和下文“According to her, happiness can be described as “the experience of joy, content (满足) or positive well-being, combined with a sense that one’s life is good, meaningful and worthwhile.”（根据她的说法，幸福可以被描述为“快乐、满足或积极幸福的体验，以及一个人生活美好、有意义和有价值的感觉。”）”可知，本句应继续介绍Sonja Lyubomirsky对于幸福的研究情况。B选项“她对幸福给出了清晰的描述。”承上启下，符合语境，故选B。
【38题详解】
根据后文“These include their natural personality traits (特性), the quality of their relationships with others, the society they are a part of, and their ability to meet their basic needs.(这些因素包括他们的自然性格特征、他们与他人的关系质量、他们所处的社会以及他们满足基本需求的能力。)”可知，后文主要列举了有助于幸福的一些因素。D选项“几个重要的因素有助于一个人的幸福。”可引出下文，符合语境，故选D。
【39题详解】
根据上文“From the aspect of economics, Tejvan Pettinger, an independent economics researcher, said that the factors affecting happiness can include income, quality of work, quality of consumption, leisure, the welfare of family members and the environment.(独立经济学研究员Tejvan Pettinger表示，从经济学的角度来看，影响幸福的因素包括收入、工作质量、消费质量、休闲、家庭成员的福利和环境。)”以及后文“He believes that at low levels of income, increasing income is generally considered to increase happiness as it allows a person to buy essential goods and services such as food, shelter, health care and education. However, after certain income levels, rising income contributes little to overall happiness.(他认为，在低收入水平下，增加收入通常被认为会增加幸福感，因为它允许一个人购买必需品和服务，如食物、住所、医疗保健和教育。然而，在收入达到一定水平之后，收入的增加对整体幸福感的贡献不大。)”可知，本段主要说明了收入对幸福的影响。C选项“其中，收入是一个至关重要的因素。”承上启下，符合语境，故选C。
【40题详解】
根据后文“So people define it differently and pursue it in a variety of ways. It’s a life lesson worth our whole lifetime to explore.(所以人们对它的定义不同，追求的方式也不同。这是值得我们用一生去探索的人生课程。)”可知，本句与后文构成因果关系，指出幸福的定义对每个人来说不同。G选项“事实上，幸福对每个人来说都是不同的。”符合语境，故选G。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Two Canadian teenagers, William and Henry, have been taking on a series of remarkable challenges. Their most recent action ___41___ following the shores of the Lake Ontario for 73 kilometers. They walked from Toronto to Hamilton, Canada, in about 18 hours.
“We like to challenge ourselves physically and ___42___. We like to ___43___ challenges like these. And we feel as though going on a long walk is kind of just the purest form of challenge that you can have.” Henry told CBC news.
With very little ___44___, the two 16-year-olds began their journey at 5 am, starting in darkness and finishing before midnight. They took several breaks, stopping at benches with ___45___ views along the way, which appealed to them so much.
During their walk, one of the interesting ___46___ they encountered was an abandoned cargo ship(货船).“You’d be ___47___ by the amount of things that you don’t see when you are driving and that you will see when you’re taking your time walking,” said Henry.
___48___, the journey was not only a physical ___49___ but also a significant mental challenge. There were moments of ____50____ for the pair, requiring them to ____51____ each other along the way.
Around 70 km into the walk, they ____52____ a person on a bridge who appeared to be experiencing a mental health ____53____. “I wasn’t sure what was going to happen to me and Henry. But we tried to ____54____ him to get out of it and ended up calling the police, and the situation was ____55____and everyone was all right,” William told CBC News. The walk is now over but William and Henry are not ready to stop challenging themselves. They set about planning a two-day 100 km walk in the near future.
41. A. imagined B. involved C. permitted D. missed
42. A. hurriedly B. occasionally C. seriously D. mentally
43. A. evaluate B. describe C. overcome D. avoid
44. A. strength B. preparation C. humour D. independence
45. A. ordinary B. horrible C. fantastic D. concrete
46. A. sights B. matches C. platforms D. notices
47. A. amazed B. embarrassed C. confused D. terrified
48. A. Instead B. However C. Moreover D. Therefore
49. A. contact B. change C. appearance D. trial
50. A. pride B. victory C. amusement D. loneliness
51. A. blame B. warn C. support D. respect
52. A. came across B. turned down C. called on D. took over
53. A. crisis B. facility C. degree D. examination
54. A. allow B. forbid C. order D. convince
55 A. exposed B. eased C. predicted D. proved
【答案】41. B 42. D 43. C 44. B 45. C 46. A 47. A 48. B 49. D 50. D 51. C 52. A 53. A 54. D 55. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了William 和Henry挑战自己沿着安大略湖海岸行走73公里以及在路上遇到的见闻。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们最近的行动是沿着安大略湖海岸走了73公里。A. imagined想象；B. involved包含，涉及；C. permitted允许；D. missed错过。根据“They walked from Toronto to Hamilton”可知，William 和Henry的行动包含沿着安大略湖海岸行走73公里。故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们喜欢在身体上和精神上挑战自己。A. hurriedly匆忙地；B. occasionally偶然地；C. seriously严肃地；D. mentally精神上。根据下文倒数第二段“but also a significant mental challenge”可知，William 和Henry喜欢身体上和精神上的挑战。故选D项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们喜欢克服这样的挑战。A. evaluate评估；B. describe描述；C. overcome克服；D. avoid避免。根据下文“And we feel as though going on a long walk is kind of just the purest form of challenge that you can have.”可知，William 和Henry喜欢克服这样的挑战，他们认为这是最纯粹的。故选C项。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在几乎没有准备的情况下，这两个16岁的孩子在凌晨5点开始了他们的旅程，在黑暗中出发，在午夜前结束。A. strength力量；B. preparation准备；C. humour幽默；D. independence独立。根据“With very little ___4___, the two 16-year-olds began their journey at 5 am”可知，这两个孩子没有任何准备就开始了旅程。故选B项。
【45题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们休息了几次，在长椅上停下来，沿途的美景对他们非常有吸引力。A. ordinary普通的；B. horrible可怕的；C. fantastic极好的，美妙的；D. concrete具体的。根据“which appealed to them so much”可知，他们沿途欣赏美妙的景色。故选C项。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们散步的过程中，他们遇到了一个有趣的景象，那就是一艘废弃的货船。A. sights风景；B. matches比赛；C. platforms平台；D. notices告示。根据“they encountered was an abandoned cargo ship”可知，废弃的货船是他们沿途遇到的风景。故选A项。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你会惊讶于你开车时看不到的东西和你走路时看到的东西的数量。A. amazed惊讶的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. confused困惑的；D. terrified害怕的，恐惧的。根据“by the amount of things that you don’t see when you are driving and that you will see when you’re taking your time walking.”可知，开车时速度很快，所以会忽视很多东西，而走路时，却能看见很多东西，这是让人惊讶的。故选A项。
【48题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这次旅程不仅是一次体能考验，也是一次重大的精神挑战。A. Instead相反；B. However然而；C. Moreover此外；D. Therefore因此。根据“the journey was not only a physical ___9___ but also a significant mental challenge.”可知，空处与前文构成转折关系，表示“然而”用however。故选B项。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，这次旅程不仅是一次体能考验，也是一次重大的精神挑战。A. contact联系；B. change改变；C. appearance外表；D. trial审判，考验。根据“but also a significant mental challenge”可知，空处与challenge对应，表示“体能考验”。故选D项。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一对搭档也有孤独的时刻，需要他们在整个过程中互相支持。A. pride骄傲；B. victory胜利；C. amusement开心，娱乐；D. loneliness孤独。根据“requiring them to ___11___each other along the way”并结合上文“but also a significant mental challenge”可知，在行走的过程中，这对搭档在精神上也有孤独的时候。故选D项。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一对搭档也有孤独的时刻，需要他们在整个过程中互相支持。A. blame责备；B. warn警告；C. support支持；D. respect尊敬。根据“each other along the way”可知，在挑战的过程中，也需要互相支持。故选C项。
【52题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：步行大约70公里后，他们在一座桥上遇到了一个似乎正在经历心理健康危机的人。A. came across遇到；B. turned down拒绝；C. called on拜访；D. took over接管。根据“Around 70 km into the walk”及“a person on a bridge who appeared to be experiencing a mental health ___13___.”可知，他们在途中遇到了一个人。故选A项。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：步行大约70公里后，他们在一座桥上遇到了一个似乎正在经历心理健康危机的人。A. crisis风险，危机；B. facility设施；C. degree度数；D. examination考试。根据下文“But we tried to ___14___ him to get out of it and ended up calling the police”可知，他们遇到了一个正在经历心理健康危机的人。故选A项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我不确定我和亨利会发生什么。但我们试图说服从中走出来，最后报了警，情况缓解了，大家都没事，”威廉告诉CBC新闻。A. allow允许；B. forbid禁止；C. order命令；D. convince说服。根据上文“who appeared to be experiencing a mental health ___13___.”及“him to get out of it”可知，William 和Henry想要帮助这个遇到的人，并且想要说服他从心理危机中走出来。故选D项。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我不确定我和亨利会发生什么。但我们试图说服他离开，最后报了警，情况缓解了，大家都没事，”威廉告诉CBC新闻。A. exposed暴露；B. eased缓解；C. predicted预测；D. proved证明。根据“and everyone was all right”可知，情况最后得到了缓解。故选B项。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Have you ever seen the scene ___56___ (wear) a traditional Li ethnic group costume, a woman sits on the ground and weaves colorful yarn (纱线) into delicate brocade (织锦缎). These scenes are common in China s southernmost province of Hainan.
Li brocade, created by the Li ethnic group on Hainan Island, has ___57___ history of around 3,000 years. The entire process of the Li brocade tradition, from spinning, dyeing and weaving, to embroidery (刺绣), ___58___ (include) in the World Intangible Cultural Heritage list in 2009. Hu is one of the few provincial-level inheritors of Li brocade in Hainan.
In recent years, Hainan has invested ___59___ (heavy) in opening training institutes to teach the techniques of Li brocade. Since 2012, it has been a course at primary and secondary schools in the province. Local authorities have taken a series of measures to strengthen the systematic ___60___ (protect) of Li brocade and the development of Li brocade, which is so ___61___ (benefit) to the survival of the traditional skills.
To spread Li brocade skills as widely as possible, Hu has compiled teaching materials by ___62___ (she). Over the years, she has taken her brocade work to participate in the exchange activities of intangible cultural heritage in Japan and France on behalf of Hainan. A set of her handcrafted double knit Li brocade was added to UNESCO’s collection when ___63___ (exhibit) in Paris.
Hainan is vigorously pushing Li culture to go global as well, with the ancient craft expanding its presence on the international stage over the past five years. 2019 was the year ___64___ Li brocade techniques became the first Chinese intangible cultural heritage project to be put on display at UNESCO headquarters. In addition, Li brocade has appeared in the Boao Forum for Asia annual conferences for many consecutive years and has been presented ____65____ a national gift to guests in China and abroad.
【答案】56. Wearing
57. a 58. was included
59. heavily
60. protection
61. beneficial
62. herself
63. exhibited
64. when 65. as
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章叙述了海南非物质文化遗产黎族织锦缎的历史、传承和发展。目前该产品在国内外都受人欢迎，享有很高荣誉。
【56题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：身着黎族传统服饰的妇女坐在地上，将五彩缤纷的纱线织成精致的织锦缎。此处是非谓语动词短语作状语，与逻辑主语a woman之间为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词wearing，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Wearing。
【57题详解】
考查冠词。句意：黎锦是海南岛黎族创造的，距今已有3000多年的历史。根据固定短语have a history of意为“有……的历史”符合句意，所以此处应为不定冠词a。故填a。
【58题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：黎锦传统的整个过程，从纺纱、染色、编织到刺绣(刺绣)，于2009年被列入世界非物质文化遗产名录。此空处为句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语in 2009可知，此处为一般过去时，该句主语The entire process是单数，且与include之间是被动关系。故填was included。
【59题详解】
考查副词。句意：近年来，海南投入巨资开办培训机构，教授黎锦技艺。此空是副词作状语修饰动词invested，heavy的副词为heavily意为“巨大地”符合句意。故填heavily。
【60题详解】
考查动词转化为名词。句意：地方当局采取了一系列措施，加强了对黎锦的系统保护，促进了黎锦的发展，这有利于传统技艺的生存。此空处被形容词systematic修饰,而且作strengthen宾语，所以此处应为名词，protect的名词为protection意为“保护”且为不可数名词。故填protection。
【61题详解】
考查形容词。句意：地方当局采取了一系列措施，加强了对黎锦的系统保护，促进了黎锦的发展，这有利于传统技艺的生存。此空位于系动词之后，且被so修饰，所以此处使用形容词作表语，benefit的形容词为beneficial意为“有益的”符合句意。故填beneficial。
62题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：为了将黎锦技艺传播得更广，Hu还独自编写了教材。此空位于介词by之后作宾语，且与主语指的为同一人，所以此处应是反身代词作宾语，she的反身代词为herself，by herself意为“独自地，单独”符合句意。故填herself。
【63题详解】
考查状语从句中的省略。句意：她的一套手工双织黎族织锦在巴黎展出时被列入联合国教科文组织的收藏。在时间状语从句中，从句主语和主句主语一致，且谓语动词中含有be动词时，可以省略“主语+be动词”，该句为时间状语从句，从句主语与主句的主语A set of her handcrafted double knit Li brocade一致，且与exhibit之间为被动关系，此处省略了“A set of her handcrafted double knit Li brocade was”，所以此处使用过去分词形式。故填exhibited。
【64题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：2019年，黎锦技艺成为首个在联合国教科文组织总部展出的中国非物质文化遗产项目。该句中有两个谓语动词was和became，所以此处应为连词，位于名词the year之后，所以为定语从句，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，所以使用关系副词，先行词the year表示时间。故填when。
【65题详解】
考查介词。句意：此外，黎锦连续多年出现在博鳌亚洲论坛年会上，并作为国礼赠送中外嘉宾。结合句意可知，此处表示“作为”国礼赠送中外嘉宾，所以应使用介词as。故填as。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节 (满分 15分)
66. 假定你是李华，你校国际部学生Sam想体验一下中餐。请你给他写封电子邮件，内容包括：
1.餐馆位置等介绍；
2.推荐的理由。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Sam,
How are you doing recently
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sam,
How are you doing recently Today I would like to introduce a Chinese restaurant to you, which is called To Your Taste and is located opposite the gate of our school. It’s attractive to us students for four reasons.
First of all, the restaurant has been decorated in a special way and seems unique and fascinating. The quiet atmosphere appeals to students who want to chat with their friends. Secondly, the food cooked there is so tasty and looks delicate, which is different from that cooked in other restaurants. The food there is very fresh and healthy. Thirdly, the service there is really excellent. Last but not least, the price of its food is not high.
I’m sure that you won’t regret to have a meal there.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给Sam写信推荐一家餐厅。
【详解】1.词汇积累
吸引人的：attractive→appealing
首先：first of all→to begin with
迷人的：fascinating→engaging
美味：tasty→delicious
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Thirdly, the service there is really excellent. Last but not least, the price of its food is not high.
拓展句：Thirdly, not only is the service there really excellent, but also the price of its food is not high.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Today I would like to introduce a Chinese restaurant to you, which is called To Your Taste and is located opposite the gate of our school. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] I’m sure that you won’t regret to have a meal there. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
第二节 (满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Karl was Fred’s son. When his son was little, Fred’s wife passed away, so a mountainous responsibility landed on Fred’s shoulders. Fred was fond of and cared about his son so much that he raised his son with all his heart and soul. He taught him to walk, talk, read and write. He also taught him how to be a true and moral man. When Karl came home with an injury due to falling off his bike or something else, it would hurt Fred’s heart more than it would hurt the boy. Whenever Karl went down with a fever, Fred would sit beside him day and night, barely sleeping a wink (合眼). He always supported Karl in every aspect. Gradually, Karl grew up to become an adult.
How deeply Fred loved his son! However, Fred was unprepared for the day when his beloved son Karl told him he would leave and start his own business in a new city.
“But, Karl, you are too young to start a business,” Fred warned his son. “You still have a long way to go. I think you can help me manage the cafe my grandma left to me first. This way, I’d be able to teach you more about business.” But Karl was stubborn and wouldn’t follow Fred’s advice. “Dad, I am not a kid anymore, so allow me to determine my life. OK ” said Karl. One week later, Karl packed his things and left for the new city, leaving the sad and worried father behind.
Three months passed. One night, Fred got a call from his son. It was strange because Karl seldom called him up after he left for the new city. “Dad, I should have followed your suggestions and stayed at home. I went bankrupt (破产的) and I am in debt now,” Karl said. “I knew this would happen someday,” Fred painfully thought. He planned to help his son and made one of his most difficult choices. “Don’t worry, my son. Luckily, you will succeed to (继承) a huge amount of money from your uncle, soon,” Fred told Karl.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“Oh, I am so fortunate,” said Kurl.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
On his way back home, Kar l was wondering how his father was.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】“Oh, I am so fortunate,” said Karl. But he asked his dad, “My uncle But Dad, you never told me about him.” “That is right. He’s a distant uncle. Let’s not get into detail. You needn’t worry because you will get a large sum of money from him soon. It will help solve your problems. Now, go to sleep peacefully,” Fred said and then he hung up the phone. Hearing that, Karl felt relieved and hopeful. A week later, Karl indeed got a huge amount of money. He paid off all his debts with the money and then decided to go back to visit his father.
On his way back home, Karl was wondering how his father was. However, when Karl arrived at Fred’s house and knocked at the door, an unknown man answered the door. It turned out that the man was the new owner of the house. A neighbour he met told him that Fred had sold his cafe and house. Karl realized that it was his father that helped him, not the imaginary uncle. He looked for his father everywhere and eventually found him in a shelter for the homeless. Guilty and heartbroken, Karl determined to work hard and learn from others so that he could buy the cafe and the house back. Three years later, Karl finally made it with his efforts and Fred’s support.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了弗雷德的妻子去世了，他独自精心照顾着儿子卡尔，渐渐地，卡尔长大成人了，决定去另一个城市创业，弗雷德挽留，但是卡尔很固执，不听弗雷德的劝告。但是一个星期后，卡尔收拾好东西去了新的城市，留下了悲伤而忧虑的弗雷德。三个月过去了。一天晚上，弗雷德接到儿子的电话，得知儿子创业失败，负债累累。他打算帮助他的儿子。“幸运的是，你很快就会从你叔叔那里得到一大笔钱。”弗雷德告诉卡尔。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容““哦，我真幸运，”卡尔说。”可知，第一段可描写作弗雷德和卡尔关于钱来源的对话，最终帮助卡尔还上了债务，卡尔决定回家看望父亲。
②由第二段首句内容“在回家的路上，卡尔想知道他的父亲怎么样了”可知，第二段可描写卡尔回到家中，并没有找到父亲，而是弄清楚帮助卡尔还债的不是所谓的叔叔，而是父亲卖掉咖啡馆的房子的钱。最终在收容所找到了父亲，卡尔深感内疚，通过自己的努力成功买回来房子和咖啡馆，他这次成功了。
2.续写线索：父亲谎称有位叔叔能帮助卡尔——还清债务—决定回家看望父亲——得知真相——找到父亲——内疚——成功
3.词汇激活
行为类
帮助：help /assist
决心：decide /determine
意识到：realize/be aware of
告诉：tell/inform
情绪类
宽慰的：relieved/comforting
有希望的：hopeful/promising
【点睛】[高分句型1] Guilty and heartbroken, Karl determined to work hard and learn from others so that he could buy the cafe and the house back. (运用了so that引导的目的状语从句)
[高分句型2] Hearing that, Karl felt relieved and hopeful.. (运用了现在分词作状语)
