2023-2024学年第二学期高二级5月清新一中、佛冈一中、南阳中学、连山中学、连州中学五校联考试卷
英语
本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，共8页，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的校名、姓名、考号、座位号等相关信息填写在答题卡指定区域内。
2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案;不能答在试卷上。
3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液改。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Washington, D.C. Bicycle Tours
Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.
Duration: 3 hours
This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see a world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability — the cherry blossoms—disappear!
Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour
Duration: 3 hours (4 miles)
Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.
Capital City Bike Tour In Washington, D.C.
Duration: 3 hours
Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D. C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most, interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and fortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.
Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour
Duration: 3 hours (7miles)
Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.
1. Which tour do you need to book in advance
A. Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.
B. Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.
C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington.
D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.
2. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour
A. Meet famous people. B. Go to a national park.
C. Visit well-known museums. D. Enjoy interesting stories.
3 Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide
A. City maps. B. Cameras.
C. Meals. D. Safety lights.
B
In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N. Y. — Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood — traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. The girls had gone to Smith College. They wore expensive clothes. So for them to move to Elkhead, Colo. to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise. Their stay in Elkhead is the subject of Nothing Daunted: The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden, who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruff’s granddaughter.
Why did they go then Well, they wanted to do something useful. Soon, however, they realized what they had undertaken.
They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning. Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold. In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.
In Wickenden’s book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, which of course influenced the girls’ decision to go to Elkhead. A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed (牵涉) drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms. The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy’s return to Auburn.
Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism (坚忍) of the people move her to some beautiful writing. Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff, on her horse, looking down from a hill top: “When the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them. Then a full moon rose. The snow was marked only by small animals: foxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.”
4. Why did Dorothy and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains
A. To teach in a school. B. To study American history.
C. To write a book. D. To do sightseeing.
5. What can we learn about the girls from paragraph 3
A. They enjoyed much respect. B. They had a room with a bathtub.
C They lived with the local kids. D. They suffered severe hardships.
6. Which part of Wickenden’s writing is hair-raising
A. The extreme climate of Auburn. B. The living conditions in Elkhead.
C. The railroad building in the Rockies. D. The natural beauty of the West.
7. What is the text
A. A news report. B. A book review. C. A children’s story. D. A diary entry.
C
According to a report by South China Morning Post, China is planning to launch a hyperloop (超级高铁), also known as a super-high speed pipeline maglev system by 2035. If the project goes as planned, the new train will be the world’s fastest ground-based transport technology.
Chinese authorities have announced the approval of the country’s first hyperloop line. Its length will be 175 kilometers, and it will pass between the cities of Shanghai and Hangzhou. These are two key metropolitan areas for the country’s economy, known for their large populations.
The distance between these two cities can now be covered in about three hours by car or an hour by high-speed train. However, the hyperloop can reach speeds of up to 1000 km/h, which means that the route can be completed in just 15 minutes. That’s 2 times faster than commercial passenger planes and 10 times than traditional high-speed trains.
The proposed project will make China one of the pioneers in hyperloop technology, allowing faster travel between several major cities. The hyperloop provides a high-security level with low energy consumption. It reduces noise and pollution levels while still being faster than commercial flights and the fastest current bullet train. The technology will further advance China’s position as a leader in transport.
A super-fast hyperloop train in China has completed its first test runs. These consisted of three test runs at a superconducting maglev test line in Datong, Shanxi province that reached the speed of 50 km/h. However, the current tube available for trials measures only 2 km in length. It is expected to be extended to 60 km over the next few years.
8. What is the project about
A Building the world’s longest rail line.
B. Enlarging the passenger capacity of the train.
C. Constructing the first hyperloop line in China.
D. Expanding the coverage of the railway system.
9. What are the figures in paragraph 3 intended for
A. To prove the high speed of the hyperloop.
B. To stress the convenience of traveling by railway.
C. To state the necessity of developing high-speed trains.
D. To show China ‘s great efforts to improve transport technology.
10. What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us about the project
A. Its main purposes.
B. Its potential value.
C. Its specific tasks.
D. Its environmental benefits.
11. What is the next step of the project
A. Extending the railway line for trials.
B. Increasing the length of the hyperloop trains.
C. Conducting the train’s first test runs in Datong.
D. Reducing noise and pollution levels of the train.
D
The largest living land animal in Asia, Asian elephants once roamed grasslands and rainforests across the continent. Prior to the 1700s, habitats for the now-endangered animals were relatively stable. But a new study reveals that more than 64% of historic suitable elephant habitat across Asia has been lost.
Researchers found there was a rapid growth in habitat loss of Asian elephants from the year 1700, which is related to the expansion of European colonization(殖民化)of the region. During that time, logging, road-building, resource extraction and deforestation(森林砍伐) increased, and farming became more intense on land that might otherwise have been home to wildlife. The industrial revolution in the middle of the last century also drove greater habitat loss.
Habitat loss means elephants are migrating from their usual living area, creating challenges for human communities that have little experience with elephants. In 2021, millions of people were frightened by a herd of elephants that migrated out of a protected area in China’s southwest Yunnan Province and walked more than 500 kilometers, destroying crops, wandering through towns and causing more than a million dollars’ worth of damage.
With the elephants not having adequate habitat, there is increased potential for human-elephant conflict — a situation that shouldn’t be accepted as inevitable and one that can be avoided with proper planning. “We are going to reach a tipping point in which cultures of no conflict toward one another get replaced by cultures of antagonism(敌对)and violence— by both species. We have to de-escalate this situation,” said Shermin de Silva, a UCSD faculty member who led the research team.
If the elephants can’t find suitable habitats, they will become endangered and near extinction, which has an effect on the whole ecosystem. This is because elephants help spread seeds, so vegetation cover. Their habitats also include several other species of animals and plants. In the wake of satisfying their need for large spaces, and enough water and food, plenty of other species can survive. When we protect the elephant, we also protect thousands of other species.
12. What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A. The rapid growth of forest destruction.
B. The causes of habitat loss for Asian elephants.
C. The previous living environment of Asian elephants.
D. The effect of the industrial revolution on Asian elephants.
13. What do we know about the migrating elephants
A. They lost their way home. B. They enjoyed feeding on crops.
C. They caused many troubles for the locals. D. They headed southwest in search of water.
14. What does the underlined word “de-escalate”in paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Ease up. B. Adapt to. C. Put up with. D. Take advantage of.
15. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph
A. To stress the necessity of protecting elephants.
B. To explain the significance of species diversity.
C. To provide suggestions on restoring elephant habitats.
D. To show the impact of the elephant population on the ecosystem.
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读短文, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How similar are language and music
Language is part of our daily lives, no matter where we live in the world. ____16____ Both language and music play a huge role in our culture and here are some of their similarities.
Both language and music have a writing system.
In English we record language using the alphabet, which is a collection of letters. Similarly, we use notes (音符) to keep a record of music. Musicians read notes and create meaning in the form of music. ____17____ By writing pieces of text or music, we are able to share experiences through time. We can read the ideas or hear the composition (作品) of someone who lived hundreds of years ago.
____18____
You can make a good guess at where someone is from by listening to the language he uses. In the same way, we know that styles of music are different around the world, giving us the opportunity to explore many different cultures through their music and providing us with music for every situation.
Both share emotion.
____19____ Of course you may be able to see it in my face, but you will know for sure through my words. Similarly, music can sound angry, sad or happy. Music can show you exactly how the composer was or is feeling, and allows us to share that emotion. When you feel happy, you might want to sing and dance to a happy song to celebrate your happiness. ____20____ I think we have all used music to express or process our emotions, often combining it with language in the form of song lyrics (歌词).
A. Both are expressive.
B. Both vary with culture.
C. How do you know that I am angry
D. We use language to express our thoughts.
E. Similarly, music is part of many people’s lives.
F. So just as you read English, you can read music.
G. In contrast, you probably also listen to sad music when you are feeling down.
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
In the Drum Tower West Theater in Beijing, Ding Yiteng was watching his new play, The New Romance of the West Chamber. The play brought his unique___21___, shaped by his experiences, to the audience. Ding understands the Western view of art, and he loves Chinese culture, so he wishes to ___22___ them.
During his early education in the U.S., Ding___23___ a lot for not being able to understand people around him. ___24___, when he returned to China after the sixth grade, he went through a second___25___experience since he was not accepted by his classmates in his own culture.
The___26___ stimulated his desire for self-expression. He found his place on the stage and devoted himself to ___27___ever since. His hard work___28___. He became the only Asian actor in a famous international theater group in Denmark.
His deep love for Beijing Opera ___29___as he saw a picture of Mei Lanfang, the most famous Peking Opera star, in the Danish theater. “I felt this urgent need for the____30____of my country,” Ding said. After that, Ding dedicated himself to studying Chinese dramas and reinterpreting(重新诠释)____31____ plays as a director.
In The New Romance Of The West Chamber, Ding rewrote the story to give each ____32____ a modern identity. He explored the topic of ____33____and left a question-whether the couple can free themselves from the limits of family and society. The play doesn’t give any ____34____.
“As a director, I need to find____35____ from the traditional stories but keep a contemporary view as well,” Ding said.
21. A. achievement B. understanding C. personality D. strength
22. A. exchange B. support C. integrate D. research
23. A. feared B. prepared C. learned D. suffered
24. A. Unfortunately B. Therefore C. Obviously D. However
25. A. unique B. unpleasant C. cultural D. educational
26. A. change B. fear C. pride D. loneliness
27 A. studying B. writing C. performing D. directing
28. A. paid off B. went on C. started D. mattered
29. A. disappeared B. shifted C. grew D. continued
30. A. problem B. culture C. education D. innovation
31. A. school B. television C. foreign D. traditional
32. A. actor B. character C. play D. topic
33. A. romance B. death C. society D. pain
34. A. answer B. promise C. freedom D. recommendation
35. A. truth B. evidence C. courage D. inspiration
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确彤式。
Walking more than 2,200 steps a day could reduce our risk of heart disease and early death, even if we spend the rest of the day ___36___ (sit) down. That’s according to a study ___37___ (publish) in the British Journal of Sports Medicine.
Researchers looked at data from more than 72,000 people in the UK, with ___38___ average age of 61. Previous studies have linked time spent sitting with early death and heart disease, and walking is known ___39___ (decrease) these risks. So the research team wanted to find out ___40___ walking could offset(抵消) the health risks of spending a lot of time sitting.
The study participants ___41___ (wear) a device on their wrist, which was able to record the ___42___ (step) they took and the amount of time they spent sitting or lying down. Then they ___43___ (track) for around seven years afterward. During this time, 1,633 participants died, and almost 6,200 had heart problems like heart attacks and strokes.
The study found that taking between 9,000 and 10,500 steps per day reduced the risk of early death ___44___ 39%, and reduced the risk of heart disease by 21%. That’s even if people were spending a lot of time sitting.
One of the researchers, Matthew Ahmadi said the results show that “all ____45____ (move) matters” and anyone who has to spend a lot of time sitting should increase the number of steps they take.
第三部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，你的朋友 John 即将在课堂上进行演讲，但他觉得自己的演讲不够流利，担心自己会出丑，写信向你求助。请你给他回信，内容包括：
1. 表达理解;
2. 分析原因;
3. 提出建议。
注意：
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear John,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
At Piedmont Middle School, a kid could run track or play tennis, but everyone wanted to be on the soccer team. Laura had dreamed of earning glory for the Falcons ever since the first grade, when her older brother Toni scored the winning goal in the county middle school championship. The day she joined the team as a sixth-grader, she felt like she could fly.
But, unfortunately, her joy didn’t last. She spent most of the season on the bench. It was all because of the huge mistake she made in her first game. She passed the ball in the completely wrong direction! Straight to an enemy in blue, who quickly shot it into the corner of the net, scoring. The coach benched Laura for the rest of the game. When the Falcons lost 1-0,she was crushed.
Now that the season was over, she just wanted to forget about soccer. She clearly wasn’t good enough to play with the Falcons, and that was that.
A few days later, Laura’s mother found her lying on the sofa, watching music videos on her . phone.
“You’d be better off praticing,” her mother said.
“What for ” Laura said, rolling her eyes. “It won’t help me. I need someone to watch me and tell me how I can improve. I can’t get better by myself.”
Sighing, her mom sank down on the sofa. “Laura, for every lock, there is a key. We just have to find it.”
After a moment, she added, “What if I film you during practice to help you find ways to improve ”
“But the season’s over, Mom. No more practice, remember ”
“The best players keep practicing even when the season’s over,” her mother said. “You remember Toni spending all summer bouncing a ball off his head in the driveway. He used to run ten miles a day in the Arizona summer sun. You think he did that for fun “
“But to practice plays I need at least one other person,” Laura protested.
Her mother patted her on the knee. “We’ll find that key, too,” she said.
注意:
1.续写词数应150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The next morning, Laura’s mother shook her awake early, “Come on, Laura; it’ s soccer time.”
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When the next season came around, Laura was ready.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2023-2024学年第二学期高二级5月清新一中、佛冈一中、南阳中学、连山中学、连州中学五校联考试卷
英语
本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，共8页，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的校名、姓名、考号、座位号等相关信息填写在答题卡指定区域内。
2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案;不能答在试卷上。
3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液改。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Washington, D.C. Bicycle Tours
Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.
Duration: 3 hours
This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see a world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability — the cherry blossoms—disappear!
Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour
Duration: 3 hours (4 miles)
Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.
Capital City Bike Tour In Washington, D.C.
Duration: 3 hours
Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D. C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most, interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and fortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.
Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour
Duration: 3 hours (7miles)
Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.
1. Which tour do you need to book in advance
A. Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington D.C.
B. Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.
C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington.
D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.
2. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour
A. Meet famous people. B. Go to a national park.
C. Visit well-known museums. D. Enjoy interesting stories.
3. Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide
A. City maps. B. Cameras.
C. Meals. D. Safety lights.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇广告应用文。文章介绍了在Washington, D.C. 骑自行车旅行的四条路线的相关行程及注意事项。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.中的Reserve your spot before availability可知，这个骑行项目需要提前预约。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.中的Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks.可知，在这个活动中，你可以享受有趣的故事。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour中的All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.可知，所有骑行者都要装备反光背心和安全手电筒。故选D。
【点睛】本篇文章最容易出错的题是21题，究其原因是不熟悉词汇reserve的词义：预约。in advance意为“提前“。因此，高考前熟悉词汇和短语是重中之重的事情。Reserve your spot before availability — and the cherry blossoms — disappear在有效期和樱花消失前预约。
B
In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N. Y. — Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood — traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. The girls had gone to Smith College. They wore expensive clothes. So for them to move to Elkhead, Colo. to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise. Their stay in Elkhead is the subject of Nothing Daunted: The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden, who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruff’s granddaughter.
Why did they go then Well, they wanted to do something useful. Soon, however, they realized what they had undertaken.
They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning. Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold. In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.
In Wickenden’s book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, which of course influenced the girls’ decision to go to Elkhead. A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed (牵涉) drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms. The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy’s return to Auburn.
Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism (坚忍) of the people move her to some beautiful writing. Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff, on her horse, looking down from a hill top: “When the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them. Then a full moon rose. The snow was marked only by small animals: foxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.”
4. Why did Dorothy and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains
A. To teach in a school. B. To study American history.
C. To write a book. D. To do sightseeing.
5. What can we learn about the girls from paragraph 3
A. They enjoyed much respect. B. They had a room with a bathtub.
C. They lived with the local kids. D. They suffered severe hardships.
6. Which part of Wickenden’s writing is hair-raising
A. The extreme climate of Auburn. B. The living conditions in Elkhead.
C. The railroad building in the Rockies. D. The natural beauty of the West.
7. What is the text
A. A news report. B. A book review. C. A children’s story. D. A diary entry.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章是一则书评，简要介绍了Dorothy Wickenden的书籍并对其进行了评价。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N.Y.-Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood -traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. (1916年，来自纽约奥本市的两个富裕家庭的女孩——Dorothy Woodruff和Rosamond Underwood——来到落基山脉的一个定居点，在一间只有一个房间的学校教书)”可知，Dorothy和Rosamond去落基山脉是为了去学校里教书。故选A项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning.(他们和一个当地家庭，哈里森一家一起搬进去，和他们一样，几乎没有隐私，很少洗澡，早上醒来时被子上覆盖着一层雪)”以及“In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.(在春天，雪被泥替代覆盖在冰上)”可推知，女孩们的生活条件非常艰苦，她们的生活饱受磨难。故选D项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms.(令人毛骨悚然的一段与铁路建设有关，这涉及到在令人眩目的暴风雪中钻穿落基山脉)”可知，Wickenden的作品中涉及落基山脉的铁路建设这一部分是令人毛骨悚然的。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy’s return to Auburn.(这本书以Rosamond和Dorothy回到奥本结束)”以及最后一段“Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism of the people move her to some beautiful writing.( Wickenden是个很好的讲故事的人。大地的辽阔和人们的坚忍使她创作出了一些美丽的作品)”可知，本文简要介绍了Wickenden的书籍内容，并对其进行了评价，所以文本是一篇书评。故选B项。
【点睛】
C
According to a report by South China Morning Post, China is planning to launch a hyperloop (超级高铁), also known as a super-high speed pipeline maglev system by 2035. If the project goes as planned, the new train will be the world’s fastest ground-based transport technology.
Chinese authorities have announced the approval of the country’s first hyperloop line. Its length will be 175 kilometers, and it will pass between the cities of Shanghai and Hangzhou. These are two key metropolitan areas for the country’s economy, known for their large populations.
The distance between these two cities can now be covered in about three hours by car or an hour by high-speed train. However, the hyperloop can reach speeds of up to 1000 km/h, which means that the route can be completed in just 15 minutes. That’s 2 times faster than commercial passenger planes and 10 times than traditional high-speed trains.
The proposed project will make China one of the pioneers in hyperloop technology, allowing faster travel between several major cities. The hyperloop provides a high-security level with low energy consumption. It reduces noise and pollution levels while still being faster than commercial flights and the fastest current bullet train. The technology will further advance China’s position as a leader in transport.
A super-fast hyperloop train in China has completed its first test runs. These consisted of three test runs at a superconducting maglev test line in Datong, Shanxi province that reached the speed of 50 km/h. However, the current tube available for trials measures only 2 km in length. It is expected to be extended to 60 km over the next few years.
8. What is the project about
A. Building the world’s longest rail line.
B. Enlarging the passenger capacity of the train.
C. Constructing the first hyperloop line in China.
D. Expanding the coverage of the railway system.
9. What are the figures in paragraph 3 intended for
A. To prove the high speed of the hyperloop.
B. To stress the convenience of traveling by railway.
C. To state the necessity of developing high-speed trains.
D. To show China ‘s great efforts to improve transport technology.
10. What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us about the project
A. Its main purposes.
B. Its potential value.
C. Its specific tasks.
D. Its environmental benefits.
11. What is the next step of the project
A. Extending the railway line for trials.
B. Increasing the length of the hyperloop trains.
C. Conducting the train’s first test runs in Datong.
D Reducing noise and pollution levels of the train.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章介绍了中国计划在2035年之前启动超级高铁，也被称为超高速管道磁悬浮系统。如果该项目按计划进行，新列车将成为世界上最快的地面运输技术。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“According to a report by South China Morning Post, China is planning to launch a hyperloop(超级高铁 ), also known as a super-high speed pipeline maglev system by 2035. ”（据《南华早报》报道，中国计划在2035年之前启动超级高铁，也被称为超高速管道磁悬浮系统。）可知，该项目是在中国建设第一条超级高铁。故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“The distance between these two cities can now be covered in about three hours by car or an hour by high-speed train. However, the hyperloop can reach speeds of up to 1000 km/h, which means that the route can be completed in just 15 minutes. That’s 2 times faster than commercial passenger planes and 10 times than traditional high-speed trains.”（这两个城市之间的距离现在可以用大约3小时的汽车或1小时的高铁来完成；然而，超级高铁的速度可以达到1000公里/小时，这意味着这条线路可以在15分钟内完成，这比商用客机快2倍，比传统高速列车快10倍。）可知，和传统的运输技术相比，超级高铁的速度更快，故该段中的数据是为了证明超级高铁有着非常快的速度。故选A。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“The proposed project will make China one of the pioneers in hyperloop technology, allowing faster travel between several major cities. The hyperloop provides a high-security level with low energy consumption. It reduces noise and pollution levels while still being faster than commercial flights and the fastest current bullet train. The technology will further advance China’s position as a leader in transport.”（这个拟建项目将使中国成为超级高铁技术的先行者之一，使几个主要城市之间的旅行速度更快。超级高铁提供了高安全性和低能耗，它降低了噪音和污染水平，同时仍然比商业航班和目前最快的子弹头列车快。这项技术将进一步提升中国在交通运输领域的领先地位。）可知，该段主要介绍了这一项目的优势和潜在价值。故选B。
11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“However, the current tube available for trials measures only 2 km in length. It is expected to be extended to 60 km over the next few years.”（然而，目前可供试验的轨道长度只有2公里，预计在未来几年内将延长至60公里。）可知，该项目下一步预计是在未来几年内延长可供试验的轨道。故选A。
D
The largest living land animal in Asia, Asian elephants once roamed grasslands and rainforests across the continent. Prior to the 1700s, habitats for the now-endangered animals were relatively stable. But a new study reveals that more than 64% of historic suitable elephant habitat across Asia has been lost.
Researchers found there was a rapid growth in habitat loss of Asian elephants from the year 1700, which is related to the expansion of European colonization(殖民化)of the region. During that time, logging, road-building, resource extraction and deforestation(森林砍伐) increased, and farming became more intense on land that might otherwise have been home to wildlife. The industrial revolution in the middle of the last century also drove greater habitat loss.
Habitat loss means elephants are migrating from their usual living area, creating challenges for human communities that have little experience with elephants. In 2021, millions of people were frightened by a herd of elephants that migrated out of a protected area in China’s southwest Yunnan Province and walked more than 500 kilometers, destroying crops, wandering through towns and causing more than a million dollars’ worth of damage.
With the elephants not having adequate habitat, there is increased potential for human-elephant conflict — a situation that shouldn’t be accepted as inevitable and one that can be avoided with proper planning. “We are going to reach a tipping point in which cultures of no conflict toward one another get replaced by cultures of antagonism(敌对)and violence— by both species. We have to de-escalate this situation,” said Shermin de Silva, a UCSD faculty member who led the research team.
If the elephants can’t find suitable habitats, they will become endangered and near extinction, which has an effect on the whole ecosystem. This is because elephants help spread seeds, so vegetation cover. Their habitats also include several other species of animals and plants. In the wake of satisfying their need for large spaces, and enough water and food, plenty of other species can survive. When we protect the elephant, we also protect thousands of other species.
12. What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A. The rapid growth of forest destruction.
B. The causes of habitat loss for Asian elephants.
C. The previous living environment of Asian elephants.
D. The effect of the industrial revolution on Asian elephants.
13. What do we know about the migrating elephants
A. They lost their way home. B. They enjoyed feeding on crops.
C. They caused many troubles for the locals. D. They headed southwest in search of water.
14. What does the underlined word “de-escalate”in paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Ease up. B. Adapt to. C. Put up with. D. Take advantage of.
15. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph
A. To stress the necessity of protecting elephants.
B. To explain the significance of species diversity.
C. To provide suggestions on restoring elephant habitats.
D. To show the impact of the elephant population on the ecosystem.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是一项新的研究表明，亚洲超过64%的历史适宜大象栖息地已经消失，亚洲象面临严重的生存危机。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段 “Researchers found there was a rapid growth in habitat loss of Asian elephants from the year 1700, which is related to the expansion of European colonization(殖民化)of the region. During that time, logging, road-building, resource extraction and deforestation(森林砍伐) increased, and farming became more intense on land that might otherwise have been home to wildlife. (研究人员发现，从1700年开始，亚洲象的栖息地丧失迅速增加，这与欧洲殖民扩张有关。在那段时间里，伐木、筑路、资源开采和森林砍伐增加了，在原本可能成为野生动物家园的土地上，农业变得更加密集。)”以及最后一句“The industrial revolution in the middle of the last century also drove greater habitat loss.(上世纪中叶的工业革命也导致了更多的栖息地丧失。)”可知亚洲象栖息地的迅速丧失主要是由欧洲殖民扩张和工业革命造成的，所以第二段主要讲的是亚洲象栖息地丧失的原因。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Habitat loss means elephants are migrating (迁徙) from their usual living area, creating challenges for human communities that have little experience with elephants.(栖息地的丧失意味着大象正在从它们通常的生活区域迁移，这给没有大象经验的人类社区带来了挑战。)”可知，迁徙的大象给当地人带来了许多麻烦。故选C项。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段划线词之前“With the elephants not having adequate habitat, there is increased potential for human-elephant conflict — a situation that shouldn’t be accepted as inevitable and one that can be avoided with proper planning. “We are going to reach a tipping point in which cultures of no conflict toward one another get replaced by cultures of antagonism(敌对)and violence—by both species.(由于大象没有足够的栖息地，人象冲突的可能性增加了——这种情况不应该被认为是不可避免的，而是可以通过适当的规划来避免的。“我们将达到一个临界点，在这个临界点上，彼此之间没有冲突的文化将被敌对和暴力文化所取代。)”以及划线词之后的“this situation(这种情况)”可知当大象没有足够的栖息地时，人象冲突的可能性将达到一个没有冲突的文化将被敌对和暴力文化所取代的临界点，而这种情况是可以通过适当的规划来避免的，因此我们必须要尽量降低这种状况出现的几率，由此可以推测划线词的意思应为“使降级或缓和”，与A项Ease up(减轻；缓和)意思相近，故选A项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“If the elephants can’t find suitable habitats, they will become endangered and near extinction (灭绝), which has an effect on the whole ecosystem.(如果大象找不到合适的栖息地，它们就会濒临灭绝，这对整个生态系统都会产生影响。)”和最后一句“When we protect the elephant, we also protect thousands of other species.(当我们保护大象时，我们也保护了成千上万的其他物种。)”可知，在最后一段作者想要强调保护大象的必要性。故选A项。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读短文, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How similar are language and music
Language is part of our daily lives, no matter where we live in the world. ____16____ Both language and music play a huge role in our culture and here are some of their similarities.
Both language and music have a writing system.
In English we record language using the alphabet, which is a collection of letters. Similarly, we use notes (音符) to keep a record of music. Musicians read notes and create meaning in the form of music. ____17____ By writing pieces of text or music, we are able to share experiences through time. We can read the ideas or hear the composition (作品) of someone who lived hundreds of years ago.
____18____
You can make a good guess at where someone is from by listening to the language he uses. In the same way, we know that styles of music are different around the world, giving us the opportunity to explore many different cultures through their music and providing us with music for every situation.
Both share emotion.
____19____ Of course you may be able to see it in my face, but you will know for sure through my words. Similarly, music can sound angry, sad or happy. Music can show you exactly how the composer was or is feeling, and allows us to share that emotion. When you feel happy, you might want to sing and dance to a happy song to celebrate your happiness. ____20____ I think we have all used music to express or process our emotions, often combining it with language in the form of song lyrics (歌词).
A. Both are expressive.
B. Both vary with culture.
C. How do you know that I am angry
D. We use language to express our thoughts.
E. Similarly, music is part of many people’s lives.
F. So just as you read English you can read music.
G. In contrast, you probably also listen to sad music when you are feeling down.
【答案】16. E 17. F 18. B 19. C 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。语言和音乐在我们的文化中都扮演着重要的角色，两者有着多个相似之处；有书写系统，依附于各自的文化、能分享情感。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Language is part of our daily lives, no matter where we live in the world. (无论我们生活在世界的哪个角落，语言都是我们日常生活的一部分。)”和下文“Both language and music play a huge role in our culture and here are some of their similarities. (语言和音乐在我们的文化中都扮演着重要的角色，以下是它们的一些相似之处。)”可知，上文指出语言是我们日常生活的一部分，后文说语言和音乐在文化中都扮演着重要的作用。由此可知，音乐和语言一样——是日常生活的一部分。E项“Similarly, music is part of many people’s lives. (同样，音乐也是许多人生活的一部分)”符合题意，承接上下文。故选E项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“In English we record language using the alphabet, which is a collection of letters. Musicians read notes and create meaning in the form of music. (在英语中，我们用字母表记录语言，字母表是字母的集合。音乐家们阅读音符，并以音乐的形式创造意义)”可知，英语是一种以字母记录的语言，音乐是音符组成的篇章，也有可读性。F项“So just as you read English, you can read music.(所以就像你读英语一样，你也可以读音乐)”，音乐也可以像英语一样进行阅读，上下文衔接连贯。故选F项。
【18题详解】
空处为本段小标题。根据下文“You can make a good guess at where someone is from by listening to the language he uses. In the same way, we know that styles of music are different around the world, giving us the opportunity to explore many different cultures through their music and providing us with music for every situation. (你可以通过听一个人使用的语言来猜测他来自哪里。同样，我们知道世界各地的音乐风格是不同的，这让我们有机会通过他们的音乐来探索许多不同的文化，并为我们提供适合各种情况的音乐。)”可知，音乐和语言一样都承载了很多不同的文化。B项“Both vary with culture. (两者都带着各种各样的文化)”，both指代下文的language和music，可以作为小标题。故选B项。
【19题详解】
根据小标题“Both share emotion. (双方共享情感)”可知，本段和情绪有关。C项“How do you know that I am angry (你怎么知道我生气了？)”符合题意，且与下文“Of course you may be able to see it in my face, but you will know for sure through my words. (你当然可以从我的脸上看出来，但你也一定会通过我的话知道。)”承接C项，是对选项问题的回答。故选C项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“When you feel happy, you might want to sing and dance to a happy song to celebrate your happiness. (当你感到快乐的时候，你可能想跟着快乐的歌曲唱歌跳舞来庆祝你的快乐)”可知，快乐的时候，想听令人快乐的歌曲。由此推知，下文陈述，当不快乐的时候，可能想听悲伤的音乐。G项“In contrast, you probably also listen to sad music when you are feeling down. (相反，当你情绪低落时，你可能也会听悲伤的音乐。)”，与上文形成对比。故选G项。
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
In the Drum Tower West Theater in Beijing, Ding Yiteng was watching his new play, The New Romance of the West Chamber. The play brought his unique___21___, shaped by his experiences, to the audience. Ding understands the Western view of art, and he loves Chinese culture, so he wishes to ___22___ them.
During his early education in the U.S., Ding___23___ a lot for not being able to understand people around him. ___24___, when he returned to China after the sixth grade, he went through a second___25___experience since he was not accepted by his classmates in his own culture.
The___26___ stimulated his desire for self-expression. He found his place on the stage and devoted himself to ___27___ever since. His hard work___28___. He became the only Asian actor in a famous international theater group in Denmark.
His deep love for Beijing Opera ___29___as he saw a picture of Mei Lanfang, the most famous Peking Opera star, in the Danish theater. “I felt this urgent need for the____30____of my country,” Ding said. After that, Ding dedicated himself to studying Chinese dramas and reinterpreting(重新诠释)____31____ plays as a director.
In The New Romance Of The West Chamber, Ding rewrote the story to give each ____32____ a modern identity. He explored the topic of ____33____and left a question-whether the couple can free themselves from the limits of family and society. The play doesn’t give any ____34____.
“As a director, I need to find____35____ from the traditional stories but keep a contemporary view as well,” Ding said.
21. A. achievement B. understanding C. personality D. strength
22. A. exchange B. support C. integrate D. research
23. A. feared B. prepared C. learned D. suffered
24. A. Unfortunately B. Therefore C. Obviously D. However
25. A. unique B. unpleasant C. cultural D. educational
26. A. change B. fear C. pride D. loneliness
27. A. studying B. writing C. performing D. directing
28. A. paid off B. went on C. started D. mattered
29. A. disappeared B. shifted C. grew D. continued
30. A. problem B. culture C. education D. innovation
31. A. school B. television C. foreign D. traditional
32. A. actor B. character C. play D. topic
33. A. romance B. death C. society D. pain
34. A. answer B. promise C. freedom D. recommendation
35. A. truth B. evidence C. courage D. inspiration
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是我国话剧演员丁一腾的人生经历，并以《新西厢记》为例介绍其艺术创作的特点。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这出戏给观众带来了他独特的理解，这是由他的经历塑造的。A. achievement成就；B. understanding理解；C. personality性格；D. strength力量，优点。根据下文中的“shaped by his experiences”及下文“Ding understands the Western view of art”可知，此处指的是他的人生经历塑造了他对艺术不同的理解。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：丁了解西方的艺术观，热爱中国文化，所以他希望将二者融合。A. exchange交换；B. support支持；C. integrate融合；D. research研究。根据空前的“Ding understands the Western view of art, and he loves Chinese culture...”以及so可知，丁一腾既懂西方艺术观，又了解中国文化，所以他希望将二者融合。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在美国接受早期教育期间，丁因为无法理解周围的人而遭受了很多痛苦。A. feared害怕；B. prepared准备；C. learned学习；D. suffered遭受。根据空后的“...for not being able to understand people around him.”可知，由于不理解，所以会很不愉快，因此使用“遭遇”符合语境。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，当他六年级毕业后回到中国时，他再一次遭遇了不愉快的经历，因为他没有用他自己的文化而被同学们所接受。A. Unfortunately不幸地；B. Therefore因此；C. Obviously明显地；D. However然而。根据下文中的“...went through a second___5___experience...”可知，此处表示丁一腾再一次遭遇不愉快，所以，此处为“不幸地是”符合语境。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，当他六年级毕业后回到中国时，他再一次遭遇了不愉快的经历，因为他没有用他自己的文化而被同学们所接受。A. unique独特的；B. unpleasant不愉快的；C. cultural文化的；D. educational教育的。根据下文中的“...since he was not accepted by his classmates in his own culture.”可知，丁一腾不被自己同种文化的同学所理解，所以这是一种“不愉快”的经历。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：孤独激发了他对自我表达的渴望。A. change改变；B. fear害怕；C. pride自豪；D. loneliness孤独。根据上文中的“...for not being able to understand people around him.”以及“...since he was not accepted by his classmates in his own culture.”可知，因为不理解别人，也不被别人接受，所以此处表示“他很孤独”符合语境。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在舞台上找到了自己的位置，从那以后，他就一直致力于表演。A. studying学习；B. writing写作；C. performing表演；D. directing指引。根据上文中的“He found his place on the stage”可知，舞台是他的地盘，所以，他致力于表演。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他的辛勤付出得到了回报。A. paid off得到回报；B. went on继续；C. started开始；D. mattered起重要作用。根据下文中的“He became the only Asian actor in a famous international theater group in Denmark.”可知，他的付出有了回报。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他在丹麦剧院看到一张最著名的京剧明星梅兰芳的照片时，他对北京歌剧的热爱就越来越深了。A. disappeared消失；B. shifted转换；C. grew成长；增加；D. continued继续。根据下文中的“...as he saw a picture of Mei Lanfang”可知，他对京剧的喜爱是从丹麦见到梅兰芳的照片逐渐增加。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我感到了对我的国家文化的迫切需要，”丁说。A. problem问题；B. culture文化；C. education指育；D. innovation创新。根据下文中的“After that, Ding dedicated himself to studying Chinese dramas...”可知，丁一腾开始专心研究中国文化戏剧，所以，此处表示的是他有了对中国文化需求的迫切感。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：此后，丁作为导演，致力于学习中国戏剧和重新诠释传统戏剧。A. school学校；B. television电视；C. foreign国外的；D. traditional传统的。根据下文中的““As a director, I need to find___15___ from the traditional stories but keep a contemporary view as well,” Ding said.”可知，此处指的是对传统戏剧的研究。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在《新西厢记》中，丁重写了故事，给每个角色一个现代的身份。A. actor演员；B. character人物，角色；C. play戏剧；D. topic话题。根据上文中的“In The New Romance Of The West Chamber...”可知，此处指的是《西厢记》中的每一个人物。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他探讨了浪漫的话题，并留下了一个问题——这对夫妇能否从家庭和社会的限制中解脱出来。A. romance爱情，浪漫；B. death死亡；C. society社会；D. pain疼痛。结合常识可知，《西厢记》是一个爱情故事，所以此处指的是探讨爱情故事话题。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这出戏没有给出任何答案。A. answer答案；B. promise承诺；C. freedom自由；D. recommendation推荐。根据上文中的“...left a question...”可知，新改变的话剧留给观众一个问题去思考，所以此处没有给任何答案。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“作为一名导演，我需要从传统故事中找到灵感，但也要保持当代的观点，”丁说。”A. truth事实，真理；B. evidence证据；C. courage勇气；D. inspiration灵感。根据下文中的“...but keep a contemporary view as well,” Ding said.”可知，前后两句为转折关系，表示既要有传统的内涵，又要有当代的艺术观，所以只有在传统中去找灵感，用当代艺术的形式体现出来。故选D项。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确彤式。
Walking more than 2,200 steps a day could reduce our risk of heart disease and early death, even if we spend the rest of the day ___36___ (sit) down. That’s according to a study ___37___ (publish) in the British Journal of Sports Medicine.
Researchers looked at data from more than 72,000 people in the UK, with ___38___ average age of 61. Previous studies have linked time spent sitting with early death and heart disease, and walking is known ___39___ (decrease) these risks. So the research team wanted to find out ___40___ walking could offset(抵消) the health risks of spending a lot of time sitting.
The study participants ___41___ (wear) a device on their wrist, which was able to record the ___42___ (step) they took and the amount of time they spent sitting or lying down. Then they ___43___ (track) for around seven years afterward. During this time, 1,633 participants died, and almost 6,200 had heart problems like heart attacks and strokes.
The study found that taking between 9,000 and 10,500 steps per day reduced the risk of early death ___44___ 39%, and reduced the risk of heart disease by 21%. That’s even if people were spending a lot of time sitting.
One of the researchers, Matthew Ahmadi said the results show that “all ____45____ (move) matters” and anyone who has to spend a lot of time sitting should increase the number of steps they take.
【答案】36. sitting
37. published
38. an 39. to decrease
40. if##whether
41. wore 42. steps
43. were tracked
44. by 45. movement
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了步行的好处。每天能够走上2200步，就可以降低患心脏病和早死的风险，而每天走9000到10500步可以降低39%的早死风险，降低21%的心脏病风险。
【36题详解】
考查动名词。句意：即使一天中剩下的时间都坐着，每天走2200步以上也能降低患心脏病和早死的风险。分析可知，“spend +时间+(in) doing”，固定短语，意为“花费时间做某事”，介词in可省略，动名词作宾语。故填sitting。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这是根据发表在《英国运动医学杂志》上的一项研究得出的结论。分析可知，“___2___ (publish) in…”为之前名词“a study”的后置定语，动词“publish”与其之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填published。
【38题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：研究人员研究了英国72000多人的数据，这些人的平均年龄为61岁。分析可知，“age”为可数名词，所填空应是不定冠词，其形容词“average/ v r d /”为元音因素开头的单词，应是用an。“an average age of…”，意为“平均年龄……”。故填an。
【39题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：先前的研究已经将久坐与早死和心脏病联系起来，而步行可以减少这些风险是众所周知的。分析可知，空前的“known”为过去分词转化的形容词，意为“众所周知的；公认的”，因此，这里应是“be+过去分词+to do”，即，“be known to do”，意为“做某事是众所周知的”。故填to decrease。
【40题详解】
考查宾语从句引导词。句意：因此，研究小组想弄清楚走路是否能抵消长时间坐着带来的健康风险。分析可知，“__5___ walking could offset the health risks of spending a lot of time sitting”为动词短语“find out”的宾语从句，从句结构完整，同时结合语境“wanted to find out(想要弄清楚)”可推知，在句意上应是表达“是否”含义，用if/whether引导从句。故填if/whether。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：研究参与者在他们的手腕上佩戴了一个设备，这个设备能够记录他们走了多少步以及他们坐着或躺着的时间。分析可知，所填动词作句子的谓语动词，结合后文语境“was able to…”可知，句子用一般过去时，动词应是过去式形式。故填wore。
【42题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：研究参与者在他们的手腕上佩戴了一个设备，这个设备能够记录他们走了多少步以及他们坐着或躺着的时间。分析可知，所填空应是名词，且结合语境“participants”，“they”可知，这里用复数形式。故填steps。
【43题详解】
考查时态和被动。句意：然后他们被追踪了大约7年。分析可知，所填动词作句子的谓语动词，结合前后文语境可知，这里用一般过去时，且主语“they”与动词“track”之间为被动关系，用一般过去时被动结构：were done。故填were tracked。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：研究发现，每天走9000到10500步可以降低39%的早死风险，降低21%的心脏病风险。结合后文的语境“and reduced the risk of heart disease by 21%(降低了21%患心脏病的风险)”可推知，风险发生的机率应是被降低了，因此，这里也应是介词“by”。故填by。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：研究人员之一的马修·艾哈迈迪说，研究结果表明，“所有的运动都很重要”，任何长时间坐着的人都应该增加他们的步数。分析可知，这里应是名词作主语，“move”，动词，意为“移动”，其名词形式为“movement(运动)”，为不可数名词。故填movement。
第三部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，你的朋友 John 即将在课堂上进行演讲，但他觉得自己的演讲不够流利，担心自己会出丑，写信向你求助。请你给他回信，内容包括：
1. 表达理解;
2. 分析原因;
3. 提出建议。
注意：
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear John,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear John,
I understand your concern about your upcoming speech. Feeling nervous before a presentation is quite common, especially when one feels their delivery isn’t as fluent as they’d like.
Firstly, remember that everyone starts somewhere. Your lack of fluency might stem from a lack of practice or confidence. The key is to keep practicing and building up your confidence. Here are a few suggestions: Practice your speech out loud, record yourself, and listen to where you stumble. Focus on those areas and refine them. Additionally, remember to breathe deeply and stay calm on the day of the presentation. You’ll do great!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给John写信，给出演讲建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
紧张：nervous→anxious
建议：suggestion→advice
集中：focus on→concentrate on
此外：additionally→besides
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Feeling nervous before a presentation is quite common, especially when one feels their delivery isn’t as fluent as they’d like.
拓展句：It is quite common for you to feel nervous before a presentation, especially when one feels their delivery isn’t as fluent as they’d like.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Feeling nervous before a presentation is quite common, especially when one feels their delivery isn’t as fluent as they’d like. (运用了动名词作主语和when引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] Firstly, remember that everyone starts somewhere. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
At Piedmont Middle School, a kid could run track or play tennis, but everyone wanted to be on the soccer team. Laura had dreamed of earning glory for the Falcons ever since the first grade, when her older brother Toni scored the winning goal in the county middle school championship. The day she joined the team as a sixth-grader, she felt like she could fly.
But, unfortunately, her joy didn’t last. She spent most of the season on the bench. It was all because of the huge mistake she made in her first game. She passed the ball in the completely wrong direction! Straight to an enemy in blue, who quickly shot it into the corner of the net, scoring. The coach benched Laura for the rest of the game. When the Falcons lost 1-0,she was crushed.
Now that the season was over, she just wanted to forget about soccer. She clearly wasn’t good enough to play with the Falcons, and that was that.
A few days later, Laura’s mother found her lying on the sofa, watching music videos on her . phone.
“You’d be better off praticing,” her mother said.
“What for ” Laura said, rolling her eyes. “It won’t help me. I need someone to watch me and tell me how I can improve. I can’t get better by myself.”
Sighing, her mom sank down on the sofa. “Laura, for every lock, there is a key. We just have to find it.”
After a moment, she added, “What if I film you during practice to help you find ways to improve ”
“But the season’s over, Mom. No more practice, remember ”
“The best players keep practicing even when the season’s over,” her mother said. “You remember Toni spending all summer bouncing a ball off his head in the driveway. He used to run ten miles a day in the Arizona summer sun. You think he did that for fun “
“But to practice plays I need at least one other person,” Laura protested.
Her mother patted her on the knee. “We’ll find that key, too,” she said.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The next morning, Laura’s mother shook her awake early, “Come on, Laura; it’ s soccer time.”
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When the next season came around, Laura was ready.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The next morning, Laura’s mother shook her awake early, “Come on, Laura, it’s soccer time.” Reluctantly, Laura dragged herself out of bed, still feeling disheartened from her previous season’s disappointment. However, seeing her mother’s determination, Laura found herself unable to refuse. With a nod of encouragement, Laura began her drills, her movements slow and hesitant at first. With each repetition, however, she felt a sense of determination growing within her. With her mother’s watchful eye behind the camera, Laura focused on strengthening her legs, perfecting her footwork, and sharpening her ball control skills. The hours passed in a blur of sweat and effort, but with each practice session, Laura could feel herself growing stronger, more confident, and more capable.
When the next season came around, Laura was ready. With newfound determination and a strengthened resolve, she stepped onto the field with confidence. In the first game of the season, Laura’s hard work paid off. As the whistle blew, she moved past opponents with ease, displaying newfound agility and precision. With a swift move, she scored a spectacular goal, earning cheers from her teammates and spectators alike. On the way home, Laura’s friend couldn’t help but mention her remarkable improvement. “For every lock, there is a key!” Laura proudly exclaimed. Sitting in the front seat, Laura’s mother smiled silently, knowing that their perseverance and dedication had unlocked a new chapter of success for Laura on the soccer field.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了劳拉在六年级加入足球队，却在比赛中犯错，导致球队输了比赛，她沮丧不已，妈妈让她好好练习，她觉得需要一个人陪她练习，母亲随后帮助劳拉练习，在随后的赛季中，劳拉进球了，努力有了成果的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“第二天早上，劳拉的妈妈很早就把她摇醒了，‘来吧，劳拉；现在是足球时间。’”可知，第一段可描写母亲陪伴劳拉练球及劳拉的改变。
②由第二段首句内容“下一季到来时，劳拉已经准备好了。”可知，第二段可描写劳拉在下一赛季表现优越，精准进球。
2.续写线索：陪劳拉练习——身体、心理变化——赛季来临——劳拉参赛——精彩进球——得到回报
3.词汇激活
行为类
①专注：focus on/fix on/concentrate on
②拒绝：refuse/decline/turn down
情绪类
①沮丧的：disheartened/discouraged/frustrated
②鼓励：encouragement/inspiration/motivation
【点睛】[高分句型1]With her mother’s watchful eye behind the camera, Laura focused on strengthening her legs, perfecting her footwork, and sharpening her ball control skills.（with复合结构和动名词作宾语）
[高分句型2]Sitting in the front seat, Laura’s mother smiled silently, knowing that their perseverance and dedication had unlocked a new chapter of success for Laura on the soccer field.（由现在分词作状语和that引导宾语从句）
