高二年级2023~2024学年度第二学期考试
英 语
全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3.选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑；非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答；字体工整，笔迹清楚。
4.考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并上交。
5.本卷主要考查内容：译林版选择性必修第二册~拓展创新学程— U2。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. Why does the man feel sorry
A. He broke a chair.
B. He hurt the woman on purpose.
C. He didn’t go to the furniture store.
2. How many students will be in Dram a club this term
A. 3. B. 10. C. 12.
3. Why can’t the boy eat up his food
A. Because his food is not tasty.
B. Because he doesn’t like cookies.
C. Because he had some snacks before dinner.
4. What does the man advise the woman to do
A. Get out of the place.
B. Learn to change the environment first.
C. Adapt herself to the current environment.
5. When will the train for New York reach this station
A. At 9: 15. B. At 9: 40. C. At 9: 45.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Mountain climbing. B. A holiday trip. C. Cooking skills.
7. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Classmates. B. Colleagues. C. Neighbours.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What do we know about Mandy
A. She hates eating out.
B. She’s always on a tight budget.
C. She likes drinking coffee.
9. How does Paul usually go to work
A. On foot. B. By taxi. C. By bus.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Who first taught the woman to sail boats
A. Her uncle. B. Her father. C. Her friends.
11. What does the man think of the woman’s skills of sailing boats
A. Just so-so. B. Wonderful. C. Terrible.
12. Why doesn’t the woman sail boats on the sea
A. She thinks it is unsafe. B. She isn’t a professional. C. She has no interest in it.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What’s the weather like yesterday
A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Misty.
14. What effect may sunny days have on the woman’s schoolwork
A. Positive. B. Slow. C. Lasting.
15. Which subject is affected most by sunshine for the woman
A. Geography. B. History. C. Art.
16. How will the man probably feel about the weather tomorrow
A. Excited. B. Unhappy. C. Annoyed.
听第10段材料，回答第17 至20题。
17. What happened to Claire when she was six years old
A. Her mother left her. B. She lost her father. C. She lived with her aunt.
18. What did Claire have to do at 8
A. Work on the farm.
B. Make meals for the family.
C. Go to school early.
19. How did Claire complete her high school
A. By learning from farmers.
B. By teaching herself.
C. By going to night school.
20. How was Claire’s childhood
A. Happy. B. Tough. C. Carefree.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Summer Camps
Kildinan Park Dale Farm
Situated close to the historic town of Battle in East Sussex, south-east England, Kildinan Park Dale Farm offers horse enthusiasts（aged 10—18）around the world a chance to learn English language and skills of horse-riding.
Study programmes & classes include: Residential English+Horse Riding Summer Camp for international students
·Camp Duration: 1, 2 or more weeks
·Home-stay accommodation with an Englishfamily.
Ingenium Academy
Located just one hour south-west of London, the Ingenium Academy provides music courses for high school students & young adults aged 13 to 21 from all over the world.
Study programmes & classes include: Piano, Composition, Conducting, Vocal（歌唱部分）, etc.
·1 week, 2 weeks or 3 weeks programmes.
·One-to-one lessons with top musicians.
Reach Cambridge
Reach Cambridge offers UK &international high school students aged 14 to 18 the opportunity to gain an invaluable academic experience through a summer course in one of the top educational facilities in the UK.
Study programmes & classes include: Architecture, Biotechnology, Business Management & Economics, Computer Science, Engineering, English Language（ESOL）, English Literature & Creative Writing, Mathematics, Medicine &Life, etc.
Language and Music For Life
Founded in 1997, Language and Music for Life（LMFL）offers a unique 2-week summer music and language courses for British & international students（children aged 5+, teenagers & adults）in Wales, UK.
Study programmes & classes include: Conducting, Composition, Violin, Piano, Recorder, Guitar, Drum & Voice classes, Classical Singing, etc.
21. What is special for the campers learning on Kildinan Park Dale Farm
A. They can learn English language.
B. They can live in British households.
C. They can learn the history of the UK.
D. They can learn the skills of raising horses.
22. Which is suitable for people interested in writing computer programmes
A. Kildinan Park Dale Farm. B. Ingenium Academy.
C. Reach Cambridge. D. Language and Music For Life.
23. What do the listed camps have in common
A. They all provide musical courses. B. They all provide online training.
C. They only admit campers over 10. D. They are open to overseas students.
B
Shortly after the return of the NBA season in late July, the artist Victor Solomon showed an ambitious creation to mark the occasion: the “Kintsugi Court”. Using the Japanese craft of kintsugi, an ancient method of repairing pottery with gold, Solomon filled in the cracks of a run-down basketball court in South Los Angeles. In the process, he transformed the forgotten bit of concrete into something eye-catching and functional. He highlighted the court’s weak points instead of hiding them.
Basketball has been a frequent source for Solomon. But he’s far from alone. Over the past five years, basketball courts, some previously in disrepair or disuse, have been frequent canvases for public art. The work, from famous creators like Solomon as well as nonprofit organizations and art collectives, uses the courts to comment on the interconnected dynamics of race, class, and changing communities.
Artists say they’re drawn to basketball as inspiration because of the game itself—a sport described as a universally accessible, race-indifferent platform.
For other artists, that functionality—the opportunity to produce a useful public resource —is as important as the aesthetics（美感）. DanPeterson is founding director of Project Backboard, an organization that changes old basketball courts into eye-catching murals（壁画）that double as durable public recreation spaces.
Since its founding in 2014, Project Backboard has made more than 20 courts active, using work by 17 artists, in locations around the US including Memphis, St. Louis, Los Angeles, and Baltimore. Repairs are done with the same material used to repair public tennis courts, ensuring they will hold up for years to come.
“The thing about the sport and the court itself is that it is indifferent to class or race or background of people it’s surrounded by,” says Vannatter. “These are meaningful contributions of public art in places that maybe would never have access to art.”
24. What inspired Solomon’s filling in the cracks of a basketball court
A. The return of the NBA season. B. An ancient method of repairing gold.
C. The Japanese craft of kintsugi. D. The way to hide weak points.
25. What did artists do with the abandoned basketball courts
A. Repair them to be the same as before.
B. Transform them into art works to appreciate.
C. Pull them down to make room for museums.
D. Rebuild them for basketball fans to play there.
26. Why were artists attracted by basketball
A. Because basketball was a universally accessible platform.
B. Because basketball was more important than other sports.
C. Because too many abandoned basketball courts need repairing.
D. Because they liked to play basketball when they were young.
27. What can we infer from the text
A. Abandoned basketball courts are used to store goods.
B. Old basketball courts are painted into murals for profits.
C. Old basketball courts are served as public recreation spaces.
D. More and more artists tend to get inspiration from old objects.
C
For many Generation Z students who are thinking about their future careers, the answer is clear: disposing of the climate crisis. Multiple surveys have found that enormous numbers of students and professionals under 25 are pursuing environmental-related degrees and careers.
This shift in career aspirations（抱负）among the world’s youngest workers is a reflection of the heightened sense of climate awareness among Generation Z and even Generation Alpha —the generation of children born between 2011and 2025. A 2021 Pew Research survey found that among Generation Z individuals, 76 percent of them cited climate change as one of their biggest social concerns, and 32 percent participated in at least one major environmental action last year.
Seeing the demand for climate action and training among students, universities are matching their interests with initiatives like the university of Southern California’s Sustainability Across the Curriculum programme. The programme aims to teach students from all disciplines how their majors intersect（与……相关联）with sustainability and the environment.
Christopher Schlottmann, the global curriculum coordinator（课程协调员）at New York University’s Environmental Studies programme explains to The Guardian that the long-standing opinion that environmental careers don’t pay well is also changing. “There’s a general belief that if you do good for the world, nobody’s going to pay you to do it. I don’t think that’s that accurate,” he says. “If you understand how climate change works, then a bank should actually really want to talk to you because they want to reduce their risk.”
The United States Bureau of Labour Statistics predicts that job opportunities for environmental scientists and “related specialists” will grow by eight percent over the next decade. This change is expected to be pushed along by the establishment of the proposed Civilian Climate Corps, a programme which would help young people fight the climate crisis and conserve public lands with training and job placement.
Climate change is a tough challenge, but climate awareness and determination grow with each generation and this progress demonstrates that the youngest citizens are staking（拿……当赌注）their future on a healthier planet.
28. Which word has similar meaning with the underlined phrase “disposing of” in Paragraph 1
A. Delivering. B. Applying.
C. Handling. D. Promoting.
29. What does the second paragraph mainly tell us
A. Generation Alpha is smarter than Generation Z.
B. Generation Alpha is the most concerned about environmental issues.
C. Young generation has grown to choose environmental-related careers.
D. The climate crisis won’t be settled unless people take effective action.
30. What do Schlottmann’s words mean in Paragraph 4
A. Generation Z won’t change environment at all.
B. Environmental careers will play an increasingly important role.
C. No one can change climate as it is a natural phenomenon.
D. The bank will pay you if you choose environmental-related careers.
31. What’s the author’s attitude towards careers for Generation Z
A. Critical. B. Indifferent.
C. Doubtful. D. Hopeful.
D
Adding just a few plants to a bare front garden can lower stress levels and help people feel happier, research suggests.
Researchers introduced decorative plants such as juniper, azaleas, clematis, lavender, daffodil bulbs and petunias into small bare front yards in economically backward streets in Salford, Greater Manchester.
The study by the Royal Horticultural Society（RHS）and the universities of Sheffield, Westminster and Virginia in the US then measured the stress levels of residents taking part in the experiment and asked them how they felt.
Each residents could receive one tree, one climber and enough smaller plants and bedding plants to fill two containers. They were not required to look after the plants, as the containers were “self-watering” with a 22-litr e in-built reservoir（蓄水池）of water, but they were encouraged to take part in gardening their plots（小块地）, with help from the RHS advisory team.
The team measured residents’ cortisol（皮质醇）—the key stress response hormone（激素）—before and after the plants were added, and found a higher proportion（比例）of healthy daytime cortisol patterns after planting, suggesting they had a better health state.
The research found only 24 per cent of residents had healthy cortisol patterns before the plants went in, but over the year following the greening of the front gardens, this increased to 53 per cent.
More in-depth interview s showed the garden motivated people to do more gardening and repair and paint other areas of their homes and gardens. They also found gardening is relaxing and that it gave them a sense of pride in their homes, and all of them reported the plants made them feel more cheerful and lifted their spirits when they looked at them.
“The stress reduction data is amazing, in that we found such a significant response with just a relatively small number of plants. We can now further evidence the vital need to include plants in our front gardens and domestic spaces,” said Dr Lauriane Suyin Chalmin-Pui, who conducted the research as part of her PhD.
32. What’s the text mainly about
A. A way to design bare front gardens.
B. A tip for lowering the level of cortisol.
C. The economic value of decorative plants.
D. The positive effect of plants on humans’ health.
33. How can researchers conclude the plants’ influence on people
A. By testing the growing of bedding plants.
B. By discovering subjects’ ways of gardening plots.
C. By measuring the area of subjects’ front gardens.
D. By observing the amount of a chemical substance.
34. What does the last paragraph suggest
A. Researchers should provide further evidence.
B. Only front gardens are ideal places for gardening.
C. People should garden outside or inside their homes.
D. A small number of plants have little influence on stress reduction.
35. Where is this text most likely from
A. A diary. B. A guidebook.
C. A magazine of science. D. A novel.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When I attended high school, I studied Spanish for four years—mainly because it was a requirement. When I landed a job working in restaurant management at a location with a nearly 100% Hispanic staff, I immediately regretted my lack of commitment when I was younger. Through some online help and a lot of assistance from my workers, however, I eventually became fluent in Spanish. 36 , there are several great reasons to do so.
Improve Intelligence
Research conducted at York University in Toronto, Canada found that people who studied a second language scored higher on standardized testing compared to those who did not. 37 .
Travel More Conveniently
Have you ever wished you could travel the world, but didn’t, because you were frightened by communication issues 38 . Even if you only have a basic understanding of German, for example, a trip to Bonn or Berlin suddenly becomes that much more convenient and easy to negotiate.
Increase Job Opportunities
39 . That means that companies in the USare in need of more workers who can speaksecond languages. If you’ve been feeling stuck in your current job or career, learning another language might be your ticket out of that situation. According to the website YouGov, only 25% of Americans speak a second language, and that means you can get a real leg up on the competition if you’re in that group.
Strengthen Memory
A huge part of learning a second language is memorization. 40 . Energizing the memory muscle of your brain allows you to better remember other items and events, potentially making you a stronger worker and enriching your life in general.
A. If you speak their foreign tongue
B. Learning a second language can put that fear to rest
C. The economy is more globalized than ever before
D. After all, you’re tackling a subject foreign to your mind
E. Those tools can help you bone up on your English as well
F. Whether or not your job requires you to learn a second language
G. Learning a second language can also help you see things in a new light
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As the sweet smell of pears and apples spreads in the air, drawing a stream of visitors to the orchard（果园）in Karamay’s Baijiantan district, an elderly man is seen doing the rounds of it on an electric bike. Sometimes, he stops to water the trees or prune（修剪）the grass, determined to ensure every single tree reaches its full 41 .
The 42 of this forest was once a dump（垃圾场）. It was the man, Wang Yanming, who planted the trees many years ago, creating the shade visitors can now all enjoy on hot summer afternoons. Wang oversees the greening work, planting trees and flowers, and often helps people to remove 43 from the dump.
“In 44 days, strong wind turn sand particles and tiny rocks into arrows that 45 our hands and faces. I 46 wanted to do something to improve the situation,” Wang tells China Daily. Inspired by his 47 , workers from nearby factories 48 the example, turning afforestation（造林）into a trend in the desert and wilderness soon made way for green forests.
Wang’s continuous effort over the decades 49 a wasteland into a green forest in the middle of the Gobi Desert. It is quite 50 that the orchard is called Yanming Park after the 90-year-old. Yanming Park has become an informal 51 centre for youth. Young men and women often come to listen to stories told by Wang and his teammates about the 52 of the olden days.
“I am glad to have made a small contribution to protect the environment 53 . I feel delighted when my green mission 54 others to care for nature. I hope our community spirit will be 55 for generations and that Karamay will stay evergreen,” says Wang.
41. A. extinction B. function C. devotion D. potential
42. A. capacity B. division C. location D. front
43. A. rubber B. dust C. mixture D. garbage
44. A. snowy B. windy C. rainy D. sunny
45. A. hurt B. blur C. explode D. calculate
46. A. mercifully B. violently C. desperately D. guiltily
47. A. dignity B. determination C. admission D. foundation
48. A. gathered B. extended C. followed D. sponsored
49. A. separated B. transported C. transformed D. channelled
50. A. ridiculous B. natural C. typical D. occasional
51. A. election B. virtue C. entertainment D. education
52. A. beauty B. beliefs C. difficulties D. complaints
53. A. successfully B. attractively C. blindly D. effortlessly
54. A. entrusts B. embarrasses C. motivates D. persuades
55. A. fallen away B. passed down C. tested out D. withdrawn from
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Built around 605 in China’s Sui Dynasty（581 —618）, Zhaozhou Bridge is the oldest 56 （exist）bridge in China. It stretches across the Xiao River, 2,500 metres from the southern gate of Zhao County, Hebei province. Li Chun, a Sui Dynasty architect, presided over its 57 （construct）.
In the Sui Dynasty, Zhaozhou connected the north and south as 58 major transportation centre. With the Xiao River 59 （break）the south-north traffic, building a bridge was 60 （bad）needed. Given that the river dried upin spring and winter but flooded in summer and autumn, the bridge had to be designed to stand up to severe hydrologic（水文的）conditions.
The Zhaozhou Bridge bears two pairs of small arches at each side of the central arch. All of the arches are circular 61 built of stone. 62 （compare）with a filled spandrel（拱肩）arch, this single-span open-spandrel arch minimized water blockage and increased the flow area by 16.5%, especially 63 the Xiao River was flooded. Besides, as the bridge was single span, the weight of the whole bridge and traffic on it 64 （shoulder）by two arch feet, causing greatpressure on the abutments（桥墩）. The four smaller arches in the spandrels help to transfer the load on the large arches by more than 500 tons and save more than 200 cubic metres of stone. Zhaozhou Bridge is the world’s earliest open-spandrel arched bridge, 700 years earlier 65 its European counterparts.
第四部分 写作（共四节，满分40分）
第一节 单词七选五（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
选用方框中单词的适当形式填空，有两项为多余。
embarrass competent cheat sail refer precise contact
66. Ade acknowledged ________ in the examination.
67. Nobody knows ________ how many children participated in the activities in the kindergarten.
68. No matter where we come from, we shouldn’t be ________ about our accent.
69. Zac grew up on a boat and learnt how ________ when he was four, which formed the foundation of his success.
70. With ________ to your advertised position, I have the pleasure to say that I am the just person you are asking for.
第二节 语法从句填空（共5 小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
71. People tend to be drawn to small and lovely things—________ they are puppies, kittens or babies.
72. Success will never come automatically ________ we make great efforts.
73. This is the girl ________ pronunciation is the best in our class.
74. We will never forget the days ________ we stayed at that beautiful countryside.
75. The reason why he was late for school was ________he had been knocked down by a bike.
第三节 短语填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
根据括号中的汉语提示填入合适的短语，每空一词。
76. We ________ ________（订阅）the People’s Daily every year.
77. Seeing the teacher come in, he ________ ________ ________（假装）reading.
78. If you worked hard, you should ________ ________ ________（一定会）succeed.
79. Paul ________ ________ ________（喜爱）Chinese culture, so he determined to settle in China.
80. It is urgent that you ________ ________ ________（利用）your report as soon as possible.
第四节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
There’s a park close to my house, with a small lake in one corner that’s home to many creatures. Every Sunday morning, I go jogging in this park. As I circle the lake, I notice an elderly woman sitting by the water with a metal cage beside her.
Today, my curiosity made me stop and approach her.
As I took a closer look, I saw that the cage was actually a small metal trap, and there were a few turtles walking around the trap, unharmed. The lady took one of the turtles in her hands and gently rubbed the shell with a sponge（海绵）brush.
I came over to say hello to her politely. “Good morning,” I said. “I come here for jogging every Sunday morning and I see you sitting here by the lake. Please don’t mind my curiosity and innocence, but I really want to know what you’re doing to the turtles.”
The lady smiled and said, “I am cleaning the turtle’s shell. Turtles gradually get more and more algae（水藻）and other dirt on their shells, which weighs them down and prevents their swimming abilities. It also reduces their ability to absorb heat. Over time, their shells become weak and rot（腐烂）away.”
“Oh wow! That’s really thoughtful of you!” I shouted in shock.
She continued, “Every Sunday morning, I spend a couple of hours by the lake relaxing and helping out these little guys stay clean. Strange as it sounds, this is my little way to make a difference in the world.”
I thought for a while and said, “But all freshwater turtles have algae and other dirt on their shells. They live with that their whole lives, don’t they ”
“Yes, sadly, they can’t help it,” she replied.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
However, I wasn’t completely sure whether it was worthwhile. “Can I help you clean the turtles ” I asked the lady.
高二年级2023~2024学年度第二学期考试·英语
参考答案、提示及评分细则
1~5 ACCCB 6~10 BACBB 11~15 BACAC 16~20BBACB
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章简要介绍了四个在英国的夏令营项目。
21. B 细节理解题。根据 Kildinan Park Dale Farm 部分的“Home-stay accommodation with an English family.”可知,参加这个夏令营的成员可以住在英国人的家里，其他三个夏令营并未提及。
22. C 细节理解题。根据 Reach Cambridge 部分第二段“Computer Science”可知,对计算机编程感兴趣的会参加这个夏令营。
23. D细节理解题。根据短文中四个夏令营招录成员的条件可知，国际学生都可以入营。
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。艺术家维克托·所罗门利用日本古老的金缮修复工艺，将破旧的篮球场改造成了艺术品。
24. C 细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句话“Using the Japanese craft of kintsugi, an ancient method of repairing pottery with gold, Solomon filled in the cracks of a run-down basketball court in South Los Angeles.”可知 , 日本的金缮修复工艺启发了 Solomon修补篮球场的裂缝的方式。
25. B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Over the past five years, basketball courts, some previously in disrepair or disuse, have been frequent canvases for public art. The work, from famous creators like Solomon as well as nonprofit organizations and art collectives, uses the courts to comment on the interconnected dynamics of race, class, and changing communities.”可知所罗门（Solomon）等名人创作者以及非营利组织和艺术团体，利用废弃的篮球场来改造成艺术品。
26. A细节理解题。根据第三段的描述“Artists say they’re drawn to basketball as inspiration because of the game itself—a sport described as a universally accessible, race-indifferent platform.”可知艺术家们说，他们被篮球吸引并把它作为灵感来源，是因为这项运动被描述为一个普遍普及、不分种族的平台。
27. C 推理判断题。根据第四段的介绍“…an organization that changes old basketball courts into eye-catching murals that double as durable public recreation spaces”可知该组织将旧篮球场翻新成引人注目的壁画，同时作为耐用的公共娱乐空间。
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。对“Z一代”来说，最佳的职业选择会是什么呢 让我们通过本文来了解一下吧！
28. C 词义猜测题。根据搭配“the climate crisis（气候危机）”可推知 disposing of 在本句中意为“解决”，与handling意思相同。本句句意：对于许多正在考虑未来职业的Z一代学生来说，答案很清楚：解决气候危机。
29. C 主旨大意题。第二段谈到“the heightened sense of climate awareness among Generation Z and even Generation Alpha—the generation of children born between 2011 and 2025”以及“76 percent of them cited climate change as one of their biggest social concerns”可知，“Z一代”和阿尔法一代（2011年至2025年出生的一代儿童）对气候意识的提高以及76%的“Z一代”认为气候变化是他们最关心的社会问题之一，这说明越来越多的年轻的一代对于气候变化问题越来越关注，同时更愿意选择气候相关的职业。
30. B 推理判断题。根据第四段 Schlottmann的话“‘There’s a general belief that if you do good for the world, nobody’s going to pay you to do it. I don’t think that’s that accurate,’he says.’If you understand how climate change works, then a bank should actually really want to talk to you because they want to reduce their risk.’（’人们普遍认为，如果你为世界做了好事，没有人会付钱给你。我认为这并不准确，’他说。’如果你了解气候变化是如何运作的，那么银行应该真的想和你谈谈，因为他们想降低风险。’）”可知与环保相关的专业在世界上起着越来越重要的作用，故选 B项。
31.D 推理判断题。本文第一段谈到大量25岁以下的学生和专业人士正在追求与环境相关的学位和职业，最后一段谈到气候变化是一项艰巨的挑战，但气候意识和决心与日俱增，最年轻的公民正把他们的未来押在一个更健康的星球上。故可知作者对于“Z一代”的未来职业充满希望。
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究人员通过实验证明植物对缓解人的压力有作用，建议人们可以在家里家外种些植物以促进自己的身体健康。
32. D 主旨大意题。根据短文首段“Adding just a few plants to a bare front garden can lower stress levels and help people feel happier, research suggests.”可知，本文主要讲述了植物能缓解人的压力，促进人的健康。
33. D细节理解题。根据短文第五段“The team measured residents’ cortisol—the key stress response hormone…suggesting they had a better health state.”可知,研究人员们是通过观察人体内皮质醇这种化学物质的量的变化来判断植物是否能缓解人的压力。
34. C 推理判断题。根据短文末段“ ‘The stress reduction data is amazing, in that we found such a significant response…the vital need to include plants in our front gardens and domestic spaces,’…”可知，本文在末尾再一次重申了植物能缓解人的压力并建议人们可以在家里家外种植一些植物，这样做很有必要。
35.C 推理判断题。根据短文主要内容不难看出本文紧紧围绕“植物能缓解人的压力并能对人的健康有促进作用”这一主旨展开，并扼要地叙述了研究人员们的实验过程及结论，故可判断本文最有可能源自科学类杂志。
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了作者根据自己学习西班牙语的经历，告诉我们无论你的工作是否要求你学习第二语言，都有必要学习。本文给出了几个很好的理由。
36. F 本句是逗号隔开的半个句子，同时是承上启下的过渡句，根据下文小标题可知本文主要讲述学习第二外语的益处，故 F项“无论你的工作是否要求你学习第二语言，都有几个要这样做得很好的理由”符合题意。
37. G上文谈到：学习第二语言的人在标准化测试中的得分高于不学习第二语言的人。故下文也应该继续谈到学习第二语言的人的能力的与众不同，故G项“学习第二语言也可以帮助你以新的眼光看待事物”符合题意，其中G项的also 是关键词。
38. B 上文谈到“you were frightened by communication issues（你被沟通问题吓坏了）”可知frightened和 B项的fear是近义词，B项“学习第二语言可以消除这种恐惧”符合语境。
39. C 根据下文“That means…”可推知本句作为段首句应该是阐述一个事实，根据下文的意思“这意味着美国的公司需要更多会说第二语言的员工。”可推知这是和经济发展有关系，故 C项“经济比以往任何时候都更加全球化”符合逻辑关系。
40. D 本段谈到学习第二语言的人能增强记忆。上文谈到学习第二语言的很大一部分是记忆。下文谈到“other items and events（其他项目和事件）”可推知和D项的“a subject foreign to your mind（一个让你的思想感到陌生的学科）”呼应，故选D项。
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了王彦明为改变家乡的恶劣自然环境，自发植树造林，带动身边人一起为环保贡献力量并成功改善家乡自然环境的感人事迹。
41. D 考查名词。reach one’s full potential 充分发挥某人的潜力。此处指每一棵树都能健康充分地生长结果，即发挥出全部的潜力。
42.C 考查名词。根据上文信息及本句句意可知，此处是指树林的位置，本句中“this forest”等于上文的“orchard”。
43. D 考查名词。根据上文信息“…of this forest was once a dump”和本句句意可知，此处是指王彦明老人帮助清理垃圾场的垃圾。
44.B 考查形容词。根据句意可知，强风刮起的沙粒和小石子吹在人的手上和脸上很疼，这种情况是在刮风的天气才会出现。
45. A 考查动词。根据本句中“strong wind turn sand particles and tiny rocks into arrows”可知,此处是指沙粒和小石子被风刮起如同小飞箭一般刺痛人的手和脸。
46. C 考查副词。根据上文信息“In ________ days, strong wind turn sand particles and tiny rocks into arrows that ________ our hands and faces.”和本句句意可知，王彦明老人想尽办法要改善居住地的自然环境。
47. B 考查名词。根据句意可知，王彦明老人立志改变自然环境的态度和行动都是坚决的，上文“…determined to ensure every single tree reaches its full ________”也有提示。
48. C 考查动词。根据句意可知，此处是指在王彦明老人的行动带动下，更多人加入这个行动中来。follow the example效仿。
49. C 考查动词。根据句意可知，经过几十年的努力，王彦明老人在戈壁荒漠之中把一块不毛之地改造成了一片绿洲。
50. B 考查形容词。根据上文信息和句意可知，王彦明老人为荒漠变成绿洲做出了贡献，这片园地以他的名字来命名是顺理成章的事情。
51. D 考查名词。根据句意和下文“Young men and women often come to listen to stories told…”可知，此地已成为一个非正式的青年教育中心，年轻人经常来听故事以接受教育。
52.C 考查名词。根据句意可知，此处是指王彦明老人和队友们向年轻人讲述过往植树造林所遇到的各种困难。
53. A 考查副词。根据句意可知，此处是王彦明老人对自己的评价，结合全文信息可知，王彦明成功使荒漠变成了绿洲，此处应填successfully。
54. C 考查动词。根据上文“Inspired by his ________, workers from nearby factories ________ the example"可
知，此处是指王彦明老人的行动带动了其他人也参加到改善自然环境的行动中。
55. B 考查动词短语。根据句意和语境可知，此处是指王彦明老人希望这种社区精神得以代代相传，让家园和精神都能永葆长青，一语双关。
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的赵州桥（标志性景点）。
56. existing 考查形容词。句意：赵州桥是中国现存最古老的桥，约建于公元605年的中国隋朝时期。分析句子结构可知，此处需要形容词修饰名词bridge，故此处填existing。
57. construction 考查名词。句意：中国隋朝时的建筑师李春主管其修建。分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词性物主代词,设空处应填名词，故填 construction。
58. a 考查冠词。句意：隋朝时期，赵州作为一个主要的交通中心，连接南北。分析句子结构可知，centre为单数可数名词，泛指，且为辅音音素开头，故此处填不定冠词a。
59. breaking 考查非谓语动词。句意：由于汶河阻断了南北交通，迫切需要修建一座桥。分析句子结构可知，本句有谓语动词，此处为 with+名词/代词+V-ing 结构，故填breaking。
60. badly 考查副词。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知，此处需要副词修饰 needed 以表达迫切的程度，故填badly（非常，很）。
61.and 考查连词。句意：所有的拱门都是圆形的，且用石头来建造。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，此处表示并列，需用连词衔接，故填 and。
62. Compared 考查非谓语动词。句意：相较于实心拱桥，单拱开孔桥最大限度地减少水流的冲击，并增加流速，特别是汶河发水时。分析句子结构可知，本句有谓语动词，故此处需用非谓语动词，本句主语与compare为动宾关系，且为句首，故填Compared。
63. when/if/as/while 考查状语从句。该从句意为“特别是当（如果）汶河发生洪水的时候”。
64. was shouldered 考查时态和语态。句意：此外，由于桥为单拱桥，桥和桥上通行的人、车的重量由两个拱桥底座承担，使得压力都集中于两个桥墩上。分析句子结构可知，shoulder 为本句谓语动词，与单数主语“the weight of the whole bridge and traffic on it”为动宾关系，时态为一般过去时态，故填 was shouldered。
65.than 考查介词。句意：赵州桥是世界上最早的单拱桥，比欧洲的单拱桥早了700年。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，此处是将赵州桥与欧洲单拱桥的历史进行比较，句中缺少表示比较的介词，故填than。
66. cheating/having cheated 67. precisely 68. embarrassed 69. to sail 70. reference
71. whether 72. unless 73. whose 74. when 75. that 76. subscribe to 77. pretended to be 78. be bound to 79. was fond of 80. take advantage of
第四节
One possible version:
However, I wasn’t completely sure whether it was worthwhile. “I appreciate your kind efforts, but don’t you think your time could be better spent And 99% of these turtles don’t have kind people like you to help them clean off their shells, are your efforts really making an impact ” The lady laughed out loud, then looked up at me and said, “Dear, if this little one could speak, he’d gladly tell you that my care towards him makes a big difference in the world.” Her words made me understand one important lesson in life. Every little act of kindness counts.
“Can I help you clean the turtles ” I asked the lady. “Of course, you can,” she nodded and said with pleasure. She taught me patiently and told me how to make the turtles clean again. “You should rub the shell of them gently, otherwise you will hurt them,” she reminded me. I picked up a little turtle, trying to imitate her and using the sponge brush to clean the shell. With the algae and scum got rid of, the turtle looked relaxed and joyful. The old woman and I smiled at each other.
听力部分录音材料
（Text 1）
M: I’m sorry about the broken chair, Kate. I didn’t mean it.
W: Never mind. You were not on purpose. I’m glad you didn’t get hurt. We’ll get some new ones at the furniture store this Sunday. So don’t worry about it.
（Text 2）
M: This term, I’m going to join Drama Club of our school and it’s great.
W: How many members will there be I remembered there were only 10 last term.
M: To begin with, 15 students signed up. But three of them dropped out of it yesterday.
（Text 3）
W: You have to finish your dinner before you leave the table.
M: But, Mum, I can’t eat anymore. I’m full.
W: What’s the matter It doesn’t taste good
M: It’s not that I don’t like your cooking, but I ate some cookies before we have dinner.
（Text 4）
W: I’ll do anything as long as it means getting out of this place.
M: Well, I don’t think changing your environment will make things better. You should learn to be content with the place where you are first.
（Text 5）
W: Excuse me, sir. When will the train for New York arrive
M: It’ll be at 9: 15. But the announce r said it would be delayed by 25 minutes and leave at 9: 45.
（Text 6）
M: Good morning, Sue! How is your holiday Did you enjoy it
W: Yes, I had a great time. I went to Inner Mongolia with some of my friends. We went mountain climbing near Baotou, and we stayed in a tent at night and cooked meals over an open fire.
M: What an interesting experience! I am already looking forward to a trip there.
W: We can go together next summer vacation. There are still a lot of things to explore.
M: Sounds great. Now we have to approach Mr. Smith for advice on our graduation papers.
（Text 7）
M: Let’s go over our monthly budget, Mandy. We’ve been spending too much money. We should figure out which things we don’t really need.
W: Oh, I hate doing this!
M: Don’t worry. It won’t take a long time.
W: OK. But how can we spend less
M: If we cut down on eating out at restaurants, for example, we could save a bunch of money.
W: Sounds hard for me. Well, do I have to give up my morning coffee
M: No, but it would be much cheaper if you made the coffee at home and brought it with you to work.
W: I can do that, Paul.
M: Good! And I’m going to stop taking taxis to work as usual.
（Text 8）
M: Where did you learn to sail a boat You handle it like a professional.
W: I first started sailing with my father. He taught me so much. My uncle used to take me on the rivers and I also got a lot of advice from him.
M: Well, they certainly taught you well. You seem very confident.
W: Actually, 90% of my sailing knowledge comes from my own experience. I do know my limits, though. On rivers and canals I’m fine. I wouldn’t risk going out to sea.
M: I like your boat. How could you afford to buy one like this Or do you rent it
W: It would take lots of money to buy a new one, so many people choose to rent one. But actually, this was a gift from my dad for my 21st birthday.
（Text 9）
W: Don’t you find the weather can affect your mood Yesterday it was foggy and dark. I felt sad and negative. Now today it is sunny and I feel so excited. I am looking forward to going to school.
M: Yes, most people feel happier when it’s sunny. And the good news is that the sunny weather is going to last.
W: The forecast said there would be rain—but only tomorrow. The rest of the week will be fine. M: I was confused when they mentioned rain, but it won’t last too long. Do you think sunshine affects your schoolwork
W: Certainly. History and geography feel a lot easier when it’s sunny. But the biggest difference is in art. I feel so creative when the sun shines.
M: Sunshine has the same effect on your mother, and it was the same for Grandma and Grandpa. It must run in the family.
W: I’m sure you are the same. It’s a very common thing.
M: Yes. So, you are going to enjoy school. Let’s hope I enjoy my work.
（Text 10）
W: Hello, ladies and gentlemen! Today on “Talks of America”, we have a very special guest coming to the stage. Her name is Claire, and she’s here to talk to us about how she was able to overcome her difficult childhood. Claire’s father was killed in a car accident when she was six. Her mother had to go back to work, leaving Claire in charge of her three brothers. Claire was making meals, washing clothes, and cleaning the house all on her own. When Claire was eight, she went to live with her aunt and uncle to work on their farm. She had to get up early every morning to milk the cows and collect the eggs for breakfast, but she loved being outside and being around animals. In the evenings, she studied at a local school for farm workers, and she eventually received her high school degree just before her eighteenth birthday. Because of her hard work, the farm earned more money than it ever had, and Claire was able to save up enough money to get an apartment in the city. She started attending college, graduating with a degree in biology and eventually a Ph. D. in engineering. Finally, she bought her mother the house of her dreams. Today, we’re going to hear more about her amazing story. Please welcome Claire to the stage!
