专题20 状语从句
1. 引导时间状语从句的连词
从属连词 用法 例句
While "与……同时,在……期间",从句常用延续性动词或表示状态的词 Don’t talk loud while(as)others are working. 别人工作时,请勿大声说话。
When "当……时",表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生,从句的动词可用延续性动词,也可用非延续性动词 It was raining when we arrived. 我们到达时,天正下着雨。 when you read the poem a second time, the meaning will become clearer to you. 当你再读一遍这首诗,你就会更清楚它的含义。
As "正当,一边……一边,随着",表示两个动作同时发生或某事发生时,另一个动作发生了 As time went on, his theory proved to be correct. 随着时间的推移,他的理论被证明是正确的。
Till/Until 用于肯定句时,表示"直到……为止",主句必须为延续性动词;not...until/till表示"直到……才",主句常用短暂性动词 We shall wait until/till he comes back. 我们将一直等到他回来。 I didn’t leave until/till she finished her homework. 直到她完成作业我才离开。
Since "自……以来",主句用一般现在时或现在完成时,从句用一般过去时 I have heard lot of good things about you since I come back from abroad. 自从我从国外回来,我已经听许多好的事情。
Before 在……以前 He must finish all the work before he goes home. 回家之前他必须完成所有的工作。
After 在……之后 Let’s play football after school. 放学后我们打篮球吧。
2. when,while,as引导时间状语从句的区别
when,while,as显然都可以引导时间状语从句,但用法区别非常大。
① when可以和延续性动词连用,也可以和短暂性动词连用;而while和as只能和延续性动词连用。
② when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生;while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。
a. 从句动作在主句动作前发生,只用 when。
When he had finished his homework, he took a short rest. (finished先发生)
当他完成作业后,他休息了一会儿。
b. 从句动作和主句动作同时发生,且从句动作为延续性动词时,when,while,as都可使用。
①When / While / As we were dancing, a stranger came in. (dance为延续性动词)
当我们跳舞时,一位陌生人走了进来。
②When / While / As she was making a phonecall, I was writing a letter. (make为延续性动词)
当她在打电话时,我正在写信。
c. 当主句、从句动作同时进行,从句动作的时间概念淡化,而主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时,只能用 as。这时,as常表示"随着……" "一边……,一边……"之意。
As the time went on, the weather got worse. 随着时间的过去,天气变得更糟糕了。
d. 在将来时的从句中,常用when,且从句要用一般时代替将来时。
You shall borrow the book when I have finished reading it.
在我读完这本书后,你可以借阅。
③ when用于表示"一……就……"的句型中(指过去的事情)。
sb. had hardly(=scarcely)done sth. when. . . =Hardly / Scarcely had sb. done sth. when...
I had hardly / scarcely closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door.
=Hardly / Scarcely had I closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door.
我刚一闭上眼,就有人在敲门了。
I had hardly / scarcely entered my room when the telephone rang.
=Hardly / Scarcely had I entered my room when the telephone rang.
我刚一走进房门,电话就响了。
3. 比较until和till
此两个连词意义相同。肯定形式表示的意思是"做某事直至某时",动词必须是延续性的。否定形式表达的意思是"直至某时才做某事"。动词为延续性或非延续性都可以。正确使用这两个连词的关键之一就在于判断句中的动词该用肯定式还是否定式。
肯定句:I slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜时醒了。
Wait till I call you. 等着我叫你。
(在肯定句中可用before代替。例如:Let’s get in the wheat before the sun sets.)
否定句:She didn’t arrive until 6 o’clock. 她直到6点才到。
Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped. 公共汽车停稳后再下车。
I didn’t manage to do it until you had explained how. 直到你教我后,我才会做。
区别:
(1)until可用于句首,而till通常不用于句首。
Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened.
直到你告诉我以前,出了什么事我一点也不知道。
(2)until when 疑问句中,until要放在句首。
—Until when are you staying
—Until next Monday.
注意:否定句可用另外两种句式表示。
(3)Not until...在句首,主句用倒装。
Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is.
直到19 世纪初,人类才知道热为何物。
Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.
直到工作,才认识到我已蹉跎了许多岁月。
(4)It is not until... that...
It was not until I began to work that I realized how much time I had wasted.
(5)表示"一……就……"的结构
hardly/scarcely... when/before, no sooner... than 和as soon as都可以表示"一……就……"的意思。
I had hardly / scarcely got home when it began to rain. 刚回家,就下起雨来了。
I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.
As soon as I got home, it began to rain.
注意:如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首,句子必须用倒装结构。
Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.
No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.
II、引导目的状语从句的连词
英语里可以用to,in order to,so as to,so that,in order that来表示目的。
1. to,in order to,so as to引导目的状语短语,构成简单句。
He has to earn lots of money in order to/to/so as to raise his family.
他赚很多钱是为了养家糊口。
2. so that,in order that引导目的状语从句,构成复合句,并且从句中谓语动词常与can,could,may,might等情态动词连用。
Speak clearly so that/in order to everybody can understand you.
(
such...that...
so
...that...
)请说清楚一点,这样每个人都能听得懂。
(
结果状语从句
) (
so
that
) 目的状语从句
结果状语从句
3. so that
so that既可以引导目的状语从句又可以引导结果状语从句。引导目的状语从句时译为"为了",引导结果状语从句时可译为"以便"。
He workedn hard at his lessons so that he could gain high grades in the exams.
他努力学习功课,争取考试能获得好的成绩。
so that引导目的状语从句时,表示"以便,为了",从句中常使用can,could,may,might,will,would,should等情态动词或助动词;引导结果状语从句时,从句中一般不用can和may等词。
He has to earn so lots of muney so that he can buy his children nice food and clothes.
他必须赚很多钱才能给他的孩子提供好的饮食和衣服。
4. such...that...
在such...that...句型中,such修饰名词,意思是"如此……以至于……",such...that...引导四种不同的句子结构。
(1)such+a(n)+形容词+单数名词+that从句
This is such a good book that all of us like it very much.
这是一本很好的书,我们大家都喜欢读它。
(2)such+形容词+复数名词+that从句
They are such good students that the teacher likes them.
他们都是很好的学生,老师喜欢他们。
(3)such+(形容词)+不可数名词+that从句
It was such fime weather yesterday that we went swimming.
昨天天气很好,我们去游泳了。
(4)one(no,any,all,many,some,several等)+such+可数名词+that从句
There are many such good books that I can’t decide which one to choose.
有这么多的好书,我无法决定选择哪一本。
5. so...that...
so...that...句型中的so是副词,常用来修饰形容词或副词,意思是"如此/这么……以至于……"。
(1)常用句型:主语+谓语+so+adj./adv.+that从句
The boy ran so fast that I couldn’t catch him.
这个男孩跑得太快了以至于我追不上他。
(2)so+形容词+ a(n)+单数名词+that从句
She made so good a meal that we all ate far too much.
她做的饭菜那么好吃,结果我们都吃得太多了。
(3)so+many/much few/little(少)+名词+that从句
当名词前有many、much、few、little(少)等词修饰时,句子中要用so...that...而不能用such...that...。
There was so little water in the jar that it was not enough for all of us.
缸里的水太少了,不够我们这些人用。
注意:当little的意思是"小"时,仍用such...that...。
6. 用in order that引导:in order that的意思是"为了"。
He is working hard in order to pass the examination.
=He is working hard in order that he can pass the examination.
7. 用in case引导:in case此时的意思是"以防""以备"。
I always keep a bottle of wine by in case friends call round.
我平时总存着一瓶酒以备朋友来时喝。
注意:in case引导目的状语从句与引导条件状语从句时的意思不一样。
8. 在目的状语从句中也有这样一个引导词——in order that,容易与它混淆的词组是in order to,后者并不能引导状语从句。下面看一下两者有哪些具体差别。
首先要注意的是,in order that与in order to译文相同,都译作"为了……",不同之处在于:in order that+从句;in order to+动词原形。
in order that+从句构成目的状语从句,表明主句行为目的;in order to+动词原形构成目的状语,不成从句。
I get up early in order to catch the early bus.
为了能赶上早班车,我很早就起床了。
He works hard in order that he can obtain a higher position.
另外,目的状语从句还有一个特点:
由于目的都是未来的行为,所以从句中一般用表示未来可能性时态,当然还可以用will,would,can等。
He studies English very hard in order that he will go abroad one day.
为了将来有一天能够出国,他很努力地学习英语。
in order that与in order to只是结构相似,含义相同,但两者用法却有较大差异,不能够互换使用,因为后者不能引导目的状语从句,只能跟动词原形构成目的状语。
31.(2023·天津和平·统考三模)Read the text aloud ________ the whole class can hear you clearly.
A.so that B.if C.when D.although
32.(2023·四川广元·统考模拟预测)It is ________ fine weather that we all want to go to the park.
A.so B.such C.such a D.a so
33.(2023·安徽亳州·统考二模)It’s hard to say goodbye to our middle school ________ we all have many happy days to remember.
A.because B.before C.until D.unless
34.(2023·安徽合肥·校联考三模)Everyone should try to protect the environment ________ we can have a better life.
A.even though B.as if C.so that D.as long as
35.(2023·安徽滁州·统考三模)According to the expert, this kind of medicine can harm your heart ________ you take it long.
A.if B.unless C.until D.though
36.(2023·天津南开·统考二模)Lucy hasn’t called her parents ________ she went to London.
A.so B.since C.before D.as soon as
37.(2023·天津东丽·统考二模)He sits next to the teacher’s desk he can listen to the teacher more clearly.
A.even though B.as soon as C.so that D.while
38.(2023·安徽合肥·统考二模)—________ you have your health, nothing else matters.
— I can’t agree with you more.
A.As long as B.Although C.Until D.As soon as
39.(2023·河北邢台·统考二模)_________ you are crazy about computer games, you will fall behind others.
A.Before B.If C.Though D.Unless
40.(2023·广西贺州·统考二模)The teacher held the flag high and waved it hard ________ the students could find her.
A.because B.so that C.even though
41.(2023·安徽合肥·统考二模)It’s always a good idea to tour around Hongcun Village ________ you’d like to enjoy traditional Hui culture.
A.until B.if C.so D.before
42.(2023·安徽合肥·统考一模)—Mr. Wang asked us to pull together ________ we could win the match.
—He is right. As the saying goes, “Many hands make light work”.
A.even though B.so that C.as long as D.now that
43.(2023·安徽滁州·统考一模)Some students are spending more time at school, ________ schools are doing after-hours caretaking services.
A.because B.and C.so D.but
44.(2023·安徽滁州·统考一模)We won’t get support from people ________ we work hard to serve them.
A.if B.but C.because D.unless
45.(2023·广西柳州·统考二模)—Is the old man who is running over there your grandpa
—Yes. ________ my grandpa is more than seventy years old, he keeps exercising every day.
A.And B.Although C.But
46.(2023·四川成都·统考二模)My brother and I never hurt the little animals on the street ________ they are our friends.
A.unless B.because C.or
47.(2023·辽宁沈阳·统考三模)The boy was so quiet that often no one would notice ________ he came in the room.
A.because B.unless C.while D.when
48.(2023·河北衡水·衡水市第三中学校考二模)You won’t fully experience the culture of a foreign country ______ you go there in person.
A.since B.if C.because D.unless
49.(2023·安徽蚌埠·统考三模)Many animals and plants will be gone ________ we stop climate change.
A.if B.when C.since D.unless
50.(2023·福建南平·统考二模)ChatGPT has influenced people’s life a lot since it ________.
A.is developed B.was developed C.will be developed
51.(2023·江西上饶·校联考一模)You may never really understand a person ________ you consider things from his point.
A.until B.while C.because D.but
52.(2023·江西上饶·校联考二模)—If you master more than 3, 000 words, you ________ most of the articles in English tests.
—Really Then I’ll try harder to remember new words.
A.understood B.were understanding
C.have understood D.will understand
53.(2023·云南昭通·统考三模)— I think I’m the shyest in my class. What should I do
— Be more active in class ________ you can get over your shyness to be more outgoing.
A.until B.unless C.although D.so that
54.(2023·吉林延边·统考一模)In my family, my father will be allowed to drive ________ he gives up drinking.
A.unless B.since C.if
55.(2023·湖南岳阳·统考三模)We’re not very close friends _________ we’ve known each other for a long time.
A.so B.though C.as
56.(2023·福建漳州·统考二模)It is said that Zhang Sanfeng created tai chi(太极) ________ he had watched a fight between snake and a bird.
A.until B.after C.when
57.(2023·北京东城·统考二模)While I ________ home yesterday afternoon, it began to rain.
A.walk B.will walk C.was walking D.am walking
58.(2023·北京朝阳·统考二模)I ________ you an email as soon as I receive the photos.
A.send B.sent C.will send D.have sent
59.(2023·山东菏泽·统考三模)—It is said that Wu Jing’s new movie will be on.
—I’m sure that his fans will be very happy ________ the news is true.
A.if B.unless C.so
60.(2023·广西钦州·统考二模)I love singing the songs ________ I am running.
A.until B.so C.while
61.(2023·江苏南京·统考二模)Nanjing Forest Music Festival is worth attending ________ it mixes traditional Chinese music and modern Western music.
A.while B.until C.whenever D.because
62.(2023·河北石家庄·校联考二模)We are supposed to take the rest of the food home ________ we can’t finish what we order.
A.if B.so C.unless D.until
63.(2023·江苏常州·统考一模)Nothing will change unless much attention ________ to the situation.
A.pays B.will be paid C.is paid D.paid
64.(2023·湖北恩施·统考一模)My grandpa does exercise in the park every day________ the weather stops him.
A.unless B.while C.if
65.(2023·江苏苏州·苏州高新区实验初级中学统考二模)________ you try doing something beyond what you have already mastered, you will never grow.
A.Since B.If C.Although D.Unless
31.A
【详解】句意:大声朗读课文,使全班同学都能听得清楚。
考查从属连词辨析。so that以便;if如果;when当……时;although虽然。根据“Read the text aloud”可知大声朗读的目的是为了全班听清楚,应用so that引导目的状语从句。故选A。
32.B
【详解】句意:天气这么好,我们都想去公园。
考查such…that引导的结果状语从句。so+形容词/副词+that+从句;such+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+that+从句;such++adj+不可数名词/可数名词复数+that+从句都是固定用法,weather是不可数名词,空处应填such,故选B。
33.A
【详解】句意:很难和我们的中学说再见,因为我们都有许多记得的快乐日子。
考查连词辨析。because因为;before在……之前;until直到;unless除非。根据“It’s hard to say goodbye to our middle school …we all have many happy days to remember.”可知,因为度过了许多快乐的日子,所以很难和我们的中学说再见,用because引导原因状语从句,故选A。
34.C
【详解】句意:每个人都应该努力保护环境,这样我们才能有更好的生活。
考查连词辨析。even though即使;as if似乎;so that以便;as long as只要。根据“Everyone should try to protect the environment … we can have a better life”可知,努力保护环境的目的是为了能有更好的生活,用so that引导目的状语从句,故选C。
35.A
【详解】句意:根据专家的说法,如果你长期服用这种药会伤害你的心脏。
考查连词。if如果;unless除非;until直到;though尽管。根据“According to the expert, this kind of medicine can harm your heart...you take it long.”可知,本句为条件状语从句,用if引导,意为如果你长期服用这种药会伤害你的心脏,故选A。
36.B
【详解】句意:露西自从去了伦敦就没给她父母打过电话。
考查连词辨析。so因此;since自从;before在……之前;as soon as一……就……。根据“Lucy hasn’t called her parents”可知,主句是现在完成时,从句用since引导的一般过去时的句子。故选B。
37.C
【详解】句意:他坐在老师的桌子旁边,因此他可以更清楚地听老师讲课。
考查连词。even though即使;as soon as一……就……;so that以便,因此;while然而“He sits next to the teacher’s desk”的目的是“he can listen to the teacher more clearly”,用so that引导目的状语从句。故选C。
38.A
【详解】句意:——只要你有健康,其他都不重要。——我非常同意你的观点。
考查连词辨析。As long as只要;Although虽然;Until直到;As soon as一……就……。其他事情都不重要,前提是你拥有健康,用as long as引导条件状语从句。故选A。
39.B
【详解】句意:假如你沉迷于玩电脑游戏,你将落后于其他人。
考查连词辨析。before在……之前;if 如果;though虽然;unless除非。分析“you are crazy about computer games”和“you will fall behind others” 可知,为条件关系,用if。故选B。
40.B
【详解】句意:老师高举旗帜,用力挥舞着,以便学生们可以找到她。
考查状语从句。because因为;so that以便;even though即使。老师为了让学生找到她,高举旗帜,用力挥舞着。所以用so that引导目的状语从句。故选B。
41.B
【详解】句意:如果你想欣赏徽派传统文化,游览宏村是个不错的主意。
考查连词辨析。until直到;if如果;so因此;before在……之前。根据“It’s always a good idea to tour around Hongcun Village”和“you’d like to enjoy traditional Hui culture”可知,空处考查if引导的条件状语从句,后句是前句的条件,故选B。
42.B
【详解】句意:——王老师要我们齐心协力,这样我们才能赢得比赛。——他是对的。俗话说:“众人拾柴火焰高”。
考查状语从句。even though尽管;so that以便;as long as只要;now that由于。根据句意,前一句表示王老师让我们齐心协力,后一句表示我们能赢得比赛,因此用so that引导目的状语从句,故选B。
43.A
【详解】句意:一些学生花更多的时间在学校,因为学校提供课后照顾服务。
考查连词辨析。because因为;and和;so因此;but但是。根据“Some students are spending more time at school”和“schools are doing after-hours caretaking services”可知,一些学生在学校停留的时间更长,是因为学校提供了课后照顾服务;前后句为因果关系,前果后因,应用because连接。故选A。
44.D
【详解】句意:如果我们不努力为人民服务,就得不到人民的支持。
考查连词辨析。if如果;but但是;because因为;unless如果不、除非。根据“…we work hard to serve them”可知空处填“如果不、除非”符合语境,表示否定的条件。故选D。
45.B
【详解】句意:——那边跑步的老人是你爷爷吗?——是的。虽然爷爷已经七十多岁了,但他每天都在锻炼。
考查连词辨析。and和;although虽然;but但是。根据“my grandpa is more than seventy years old, he keeps exercising every day.”可知前后为转折让步关系,前半句为事实,后半句是转折,而but后应接表示转折的句子,此处应用although连接,表示让步状语从句。故选B。
46.B
【详解】句意:我哥哥和我从不伤害街上的小动物,因为它们是我们的朋友。
考查词义辨析。 unless除非;because因为;or否则。根据“they are our friends”可知,后句是前句的理由,此处为because引导原因状语从句。故选B。
47.D
【详解】句意:这个男孩非常安静,所以当他走进房间时,通常没有人会注意到。
考查时间状语从句。because因为;unless除非;while当……时,后面的动词必须是延续性动词;when当……时,后面的动词可以是延续性动词或非延续性动词。根据“The boy was so quiet”可知男孩非常安静,所以当他走进房间时没人注意到,空处填“当……时”符合句意,且空后的动词“came”为非延续性动词,故填when引导时间状语从句。故选D。
48.D
【详解】句意:除非你亲自去那里,否则你不会完全体验外国的文化。
考查连词辨析。since自从;if如果;because因为;unless除非,如果不。根据题干,“you go there in person”是“You won’t fully experience the culture of a foreign country”的否定条件,用unless引导条件状语从句。故选D。
49.D
【详解】句意:除非我们阻止气候变化,否则许多动物和植物将会消失。
考查连词辨析。if如果;when当……时候;since自从;unless除非,如果不。根据“Many animals and plants will be gone...we stop climate change.”可知前句是后句的否定条件,应用unless引导条件状语从句,故选D。
50.B
【详解】句意:自从ChatGPT被研发出来,它对人们的生活产生了很大的影响。
考查被动语态。根据“ChatGPT has influenced people’s life a lot since it ...”可知,主句时态为现在完成时,since从句要用一般过去时;主语“it”与动词develop是被动关系,故应用一般过去时的被动语态,结构为was/were done。故选B。
51.A
【详解】句意:直到你从他的角度考虑事情,你才能真正了解一个人。
考查从属连词。until直到;while在……期间;because因为;but但是。根据never和句意可知,此处是从属连词not until“直到……才”的变形。故选A。
52.D
【详解】句意:——如果你掌握了3000多个单词,你就会理解英语测试中的大部分文章。——真的吗?那我会更加努力地记住新单词。
考查时态辨析。分析对话中的第一句,可知这是“if”引导的条件状语从句,从句使用的是一般现在时,故遵循“主将从现”原则,主句使用一般将来时,故选D。
53.D
【详解】句意:——我觉得我是班上最害羞的。我该怎么办?——要在课堂上更加活跃,以便你克服害羞变得更外向。
考查连词辨析。until表示“直到……为止” ,引导时间状语从句;unless 表示“除非”,引导条件状语从句;although表示“尽管”,引导让步状语从句;so that表示“以便,为了”,引导目的状语从句。根据“Be more active in class”和“get over your shyness to be more outgoing”可知,此处“在课堂上更加活跃”的目的是“变得更加外向”。故选D。
54.C
【详解】句意:在我家,如果我父亲戒酒,他才被允许开车。
考查连词辨析。unless除非,如果不,表否定的条件;since自从;if如果。根据“he gives up drinking”可知,戒酒是能开车的条件,用if引导条件状语从句。故选C。
55.B
【详解】句意:虽然我们认识很长时间了,但我们不是很亲密的朋友。
考查连词。so因此;though虽然;as因为。根据“We’re not very close friends...we’ve known each other for a long time.”可知,though符合语境,引导让步状语从句。故选B。
56.B
【详解】句意:据说,张三丰在观看了蛇与鸟的搏斗后创造了太极拳。
考查连词辨析。until直到;after在之后;when当……时。根据“Zhang Sanfeng created tai chi(太极)…he had watched a fight between snake and a bird”可知,在观看了蛇与鸟的搏斗后创造了太极拳,故选B。
57.C
【详解】句意:当我昨天下午走路回家时,天开始下雨了。
考查过去进行时。根据“yesterday afternoon”可知时态是过去时,while后接进行时,故空处用过去进行时。故选C。
58.C
【详解】句意:我一收到照片就会给你发邮件。
考查时态。as soon as引导的时间状语从句,遵循主将从现原则,主句用一般将来时,will do结构。故选C。
59.A
【详解】句意:——据说吴京的新电影将要上映了。——如果消息是真实的,我确定他的粉丝将会非常高兴。
考查从属连词辨析。if如果,引导条件状语从句;unless除非,引导否定条件状语从句;so因此,表结果。根据“the news is true”可知,消息是真实的是粉丝高兴的条件。故选A。
60.C
【详解】句意:我喜欢边跑边唱歌。
考查连词辨析。until直到;so因此;while当……时。根据“I love singing the songs … I am running”可知,强调两个动作同时进行,边跑边唱歌,用while引导时间状语从句,故选C。
61.D
【详解】句意:南京森林音乐节是值得参加的,因为它融合了中国传统音乐和现代西方音乐。
考查连词辨析。while与……同时;until直到;whenever无论何时;because因为。根据“Nanjing Forest Music Festival is worth attending”和“it mixes traditional Chinese music and modern Western music”可知,前后句为因果关系,前果后因,应用because进行连接。故选D。
62.A
【详解】句意:如果我们没有吃完点的食物,我们应该把剩下的食物拿回家。
考查连词。if如果;so所以;unless除非;until直到。结合句意,此处表示我们把剩下的食物带回家,应是在点的食物,没有吃完的情况下,因此用if引导条件状语从句,故选A。
63.C
【详解】句意:除非对形势多加注意,否则什么也改变不了。
考查时态和语态。本句是unless引导的条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”原则,所以从句用一般现在时,主语attention与pay之间是动宾关系,所以用一般现在时的被动语态(am/is/are done),故选C。
64.A
【详解】句意:我爷爷每天都在公园锻炼,除非天气阻止他。
考查条件状语从句。unless“除非,如果不”,引导否定条件状语从句;while“当……时”,引导时间状语从句;if“如果”,引导肯定条件状语从句。根据 the weather stops him“天气阻止他”可知,此句是一种表达否定含义的条件。 故选A。
65.D
【详解】句意:除非你尝试做一些你已经掌握的以外的事情,否则你永远不会成长。
考查连词辨析。since自从;if如果;although尽管;unless除非,如果不。根据“you try doing something beyond what you have already mastered, you will never grow.”可知如果你不尝试做一些你已经掌握的以外的事情,你永远不会成长,前句是后句的否定条件,应用unless引导条件状语从句,故选D。