第九章　非谓语动词 课件 2024年中考英语二轮专题复习（26张ppt）

(共26张PPT)
第九章　非谓语动词
第二部分　语法强化
1.动词不定式的构成:肯定句:to+动词原形　　否定句:not to+动词原形
　　所谓非谓语动词,是指动词不定式、动名词和分词,在句中不能作谓语。
2.常见的后面接不定式作宾语的及物动词有want,like,love,hate,decide,hope,wish,need,agree,begin,learn,forget,help,manage,plan,prefer,pretend,try,wait,afford,start,would like等。
如:I want to go abroad for visiting.我想出国旅游。
We all agree to put off the basketball match.我们都同意推迟篮球比赛。
The little boy pretended to be sleeping when his mother came in.
当那个小男孩的妈妈进来的时候,他假装在睡觉。
3.某些动词在其宾语之后还可以接不定式构成宾语补足语,如want,like,wish,ask,tell,get,teach,invite,warn,allow,encourage 等。
如:I wish you to enjoy a happy life.我希望你生活愉快。
They invited us to attend their wedding.他们邀请我们参加他们的婚礼。
My teacher encouraged me to realize my dream.我的老师鼓励我实现我的梦想。
注意: “hope sb.to do sth.”是错误的表达,“hope that+句子”和“hope to do sth.”才是正确的。
4.一些使役动词(如make,have,let)以及表示感官的动词(如see,watch,notice,look at,hear,listen to)后面接不带to 的不定式构成宾语补足语。
如:My mother made me learn another foreign language.我妈妈让我再学一门外语。
I heard them sing in the next room.我听到他们在隔壁唱歌。
注意: 当这些动词变成被动语态时就要用带to 的不定式。
如:I was made to behave well in school.我被要求在学校要好好表现。
　　除此之外,初中阶段所学的后面接不带to 的不定式的习惯用法还有had better do,why not do,“would rather do sth.than do sth.”,“would you please do”;help 后面接的不定式可带to,也可不带to。
5.动词不定式作主语或宾语时,经常用it作形式主语或形式宾语,再将to do放于句尾,常见的句型有:
(1)It’s+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.
如:It’s difficult for me to read your writing.你的笔迹让我难以辨认。
(2)It’s +adj.+of sb.+to do sth.
如:It’s kind of you to invite me.你能邀请我真好。
(3)think / find it +adj.+to do sth.
如:I find it boring to read the same book several times.我发现同一本书读几遍很乏味。
(4)It takes / costs sb.+some time / some money+to do sth.
如:It took me two days to finish reading this book.我花了两天读完这本书。
(5)It’s too +adj.+to do sth.
如:It’s too dangerous to travel alone.孤身旅行太危险。
(6)It’s+adj./ adv. enough+to do sth.
如:It’s exciting enough to travel alone.独自旅行很令人激动。
(7)疑问词+to do sth.
what to do sth./ how to do sth./ when to do sth./ where to do sth./ why to do sth.
如:Do you know how to make a card 　你知道怎样制作卡片吗
I’ve no idea when and where to meet.我不知道见面的时间和地点。
1.动名词作主语
如:Reading aloud is very helpful.大声朗读是非常有益处的。
Collecting stamps is interesting.集邮是有趣的。
注意:当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语,再将动名词放在句尾。
如:It’s no use crying.哭是没用的。
2.动名词作表语
如:In the ants’ city, the queen’s job is laying eggs.在蚂蚁的城池中,蚁后的工作就是产卵。
3.有些动词及短语后面常接动名词作宾语,如enjoy,finish,suggest,avoid,excuse,imagine,keep,miss,consider,admit,deny,mind,practise,be busy(in),be worth, feel like, can’t help, think of, dream of, be interested in, prevent…from, keep…from, stop…from, protect…from, spend… (in), succeed in, be good at, do well in, give up, be used to, look forward to, pay attention to等。
如:I don’t mind being alone at home at weekends.我不介意周末的时候独自在家。
Nobody can avoid making mistakes.人人都会犯错。
4.动名词作定语
如:He can’t walk without a walking stick.离开手杖,他无法行走。
Is there a swimming pool in your school 　你们学校有游泳池吗
分词在句中可以作定语、状语、表语和补语。
1.过去分词通常指 “感觉……”,现在分词通常指 “令人……”,如interested / interesting, excited / exciting, surprised / surprising, bored / boring, amazed / amazing, amused / amusing, developed / developing等。
如:The film is so exciting that I feel excited.这部电影是如此的令人兴奋,我感到很激动。
I am very interested in the interesting book.我对这本有趣的书很感兴趣。
2.现在分词和过去分词作定语时在时间上有差别,现在分词表示正在进行的动作,过去分词表示已经完成的动作。
如:a developing country 发展中国家　 a developed country 发达国家
the falling leaves 正在飘落的树叶 the fallen leaves 落叶 (已经掉落)
3.表示知觉的动词(如see,watch,notice,hear,feel)的后面也可以接现在分词作补语,表示动作正在进行着,试比较以下句子:
I saw the little boy cross the street.(看到小男孩过马路的全过程)
I saw the little boy crossing the street.(看到小男孩正穿过马路)
I heard them sing next door.(听到他们唱歌的全过程)
I heard them singing next door.(唱歌这个动作正在进行)
有些词后面既可以接动词不定式又可以接动名词,但意义有区别。这样的词有:
　　remember doing sth.记住做了某事 　remember to do sth.记得要去做某事
　　forget doing sth.忘记做了某事　 　 forget to do sth.忘记要去做某事
　　stop doing sth.停止正在做的事　　 stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事
　　go on doing sth.继续正在做的事　 go on to do sth.继续去做另外一件事
如:Tom looked quite tired.His teacher asked him to stop running.
汤姆看起来相当累。他的老师让他不要跑了。
He stopped to drink some water.他停下来去喝点儿水。
would rather do A than do B.宁愿做A也不愿做B
do A. rather than doing B.做A而不是做B
prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
即学即练
用括号里所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.(2023·岳阳市中考改编)My grandfather used 　 　 (watch)TV at home after dinner,but now he is used to 　 　 (go) out for a walk.
2.(2023·自贡市中考改编)— Would you like 　 　 (eat) some fried chicken
— No,thanks.I think it tastes delicious but is unhealthy.
3.(2023·天津市中考改编)David learnt 　 　 (swim) when he was five.
4.(2023·云南省中考改编)Today is Father’s Day,and I plan 　 _
(prepare) a dinner for my father.
　to prepare
　to swim / swimming　
　to eat　
　going　
　to watch　
5.(2023·泸州市中考改编)— What are you going to do this summer vacation
— I plan 　 　 (see) Hua Hua,a nearly 3-year-old lovely panda in Chengdu.
6.(2023·达州市中考改编)— Yeah,the book is fantastic and I am looking forward to 　 　 (read) it again.
7.(2023·自贡市中考改编)— Mike,we are told not 　 　 (answer) the phone while crossing the street.
— I am sorry.I won’t do it again.
　to answer　
　reading　
　to see　
8.(2023·达州市中考改编)The teachers used 　 　 (write) key points on the blackboard,but now they are getting used to 　 _
(show) them through PPTs.
9.(2023·扬州市中考改编)Science is my favourite subject,so I have prepared 　 　 (join) the STEAM Club.
　to join　
　showing
　to write　
10.(2023·怀化市中考改编)Many people enjoy 　 　 (make) zongzi by themselves on the Dragon Boat Festival.
11.(2023·天水市中考)You’re expected 　 　 (shake) hands when meeting people for the first time in China.
12.(2023·永州市中考)I’ve decided 　 　(stay)away from fried food and soft drinks since I had my medical exam.
13.(2023·天水市中考)Let me 　 　 (tell) you about my favorite book.
14.(2023·达州市中考)The old saying “A fall into a pit,a gain in your wit.” means we should learn from mistakes and avoid 　 　 (make) the same mistakes again.
15.(2022·天津市中考改编)The painting is really valuable to him.He will never agree 　 　 (sell) it.
　to sell　
　making　
　tell　
　to stay　
　to shake　
　making　
16.(2022·昆明市中考改编)Boys and girls,good luck and wish you
　 　 (get) good grades on your new journey!
17.(2022·云南省中考改编)If you want 　 　 (improve) your pronunciation,keep on practising every day.
18.(2022·重庆市中考改编)Mr Brown told his son not 　 　 (touch) the paintings in the museum.
19.(2022·岳阳市中考改编)Many students practise 　 　 (run) in the morning because of the PE exam.
20.(2022·重庆市中考改编)The new year is coming.Teachers encourage us
　 　 (develop) new hobbies.
　to develop　
　running　
　to touch　
　to improve　
　to get　
21.(2022·宿迁市中考改编)— Miss Li,can you tell me how to improve my writing skills
— Certainly.I advise you 　 　 (keep) a diary in English every day.
22.(2022·达州市中考改编)— Exercising is good for our health.
— You’re right.So I’d rather 　 　 (take) an hour’s walk than
　 　 (sit) in front of the computer.
23.(2022·泸州市中考改编)As teenagers,we are not allowed
　 　 (bring) mobile phones into school so that we can focus on our schoolwork.
　to bring　
　sit　
　take　
　to keep　
24.(2022·遂宁市中考改编)— The art festival is coming.It’s a good chance to show ourselves.
— You are very good at 　 　 (sing).And you will be the most popular star.
25.(2021·乐山市中考改编)— Do you always get up so early
— Yes,　 　 (catch) the first bus.My home is far away from school.
　to catch　
　singing　
26.(2021·岳阳市中考改编)The socialist new countryside (社会主义新农村) makes farmers 　 　 (improve) their living conditions.
27.(2021·天津市中考改编)When I was young,my parents taught me
　 　 (treat) older people kindly.
28.(2021·盐城市中考改编)Last September,Thunderstorm was shown
　 　 (remember) Cao Yu,one of China’s greatest playwrights.
29.(2021·自贡市中考改编)— Would you mind not 　 　 (play) football in the hallway
— Sorry,I won’t.
　playing　
　to remember　
　to treat　
　improve　
30.(2021·泸州市中考改编)A group of elephants in Yunnan Province have trouble 　 　 (find) a proper living place.We should help them.
31.(2023·苏州市中考改编)The doctors and nurses managed 　 _
(save) the lives of patients,though they didn’t have enough medicine.
32.(2022·甘孜州中考改编)He felt tired,so he stopped 　 　 (have) a rest under the tree.
33.(2022·重庆市B卷中考改编)We’d better 　 　 (follow) the seven-step hand-washing method 　 　 (keep) healthy.
　to keep　
　follow　
　to have　
　to save
　finding　
34.Mrs Green refuses 　 　 (eat) sweet food.She doesn’t want to get fat.
35.Yunnan Museum is such an interesting place that many kids have fun
　 　 (visit) it.
36.— Why were you angry with your daughter
— She was busy 　 　 (text) and taking selfies (自拍) when I was talking to her.
37.Hong Kong Disneyland is well worth 　 　 (visit).
　visiting　
　texting　
　visiting　
　to eat　
38.— I tried to make Alice 　 　 (change) her mind but I found it difficult.
— Well,I saw you 　 　 (do) that when I went past.
39.Businessmen prefer 　 　 (write) emails to communicate with each other rather than 　 　 (make) phone calls.
40.I like the TV programme The Reader best.I think we should spend as much time as we can 　 　 (read) in our spare time.
　reading　
　make　
　to write　
　doing　
　change　
谢 谢 观 看