第十章 动词的语态 课件(共17张PPT) 2024年中考英语二轮专题复习（广东专版）

(共17张PPT)
第十章　动词的时态和语态
第二节　动词的语态
第二部分　语法强化
各种时态的主动和被动语态一览表
时态 主动语态构成 被动语态构成 主动语态例句 被动语态例句
一般 现在时 do / does is / am / are +done I close the door. The door is closed.
一般 过去时 did was / were +done Tim made the paper bag. The paper bag was made by Tim.
一般 将来时 be going to / will / shall+do be going to / will / shall+be done They will build a new library in our school. A new library will be built in our school.
现在 进行时 am / is / are +doing am / is / are +being done They are cleaning the room. The room is being cleaned by them.
(续表)
时态 主动语态构成 被动语态构成 主动语态例句 被动语态例句
现在 完成时 have / has +done have / has +been done I haven’t found my purse. My purse hasn’t been found.
过去 进行时 was / were +doing was / were+ being done Kim was cleaning the room. The room was being cleaned by Kim.
过去 完成时 had+ done had+ been done They had written two books by the end of last month. Two books had been written by the end of last month.
过去 将来时 would / should +do would / should +be done He said they would hold a party. He said a party would be held.
含情态 动词 can / may / must+ do can / may / must+ be done We can finish this project. This project can be finished by us.
1.当不知道或者没有必要提到动作的执行者时,常使用被动语态。
如:Some expensive watches were stolen last night.昨晚一些昂贵的手表被盗了。
2.当需要强调和突出动作的承受者时,常使用被动语态。
如:English is spoken widely in the world.英语在世界上被广泛地使用。
3.在使用被动语态的句子中,句子的主语是动作的承受者。
如:Much soil was washed away by the heavy rain.大量泥土被大雨冲走。
4.说话或者发表意见时,为了显得公正客观,常用以下结构:
It is said that… 据说……　　　　　 It is hoped that… 希望……
It is believed that… 大家相信…… It is reported that… 据报道……
即学即练
用括号里所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.(2023·河北省中考改编)Breakfast 　 　 (provide) every day for people aged over 60 for free in this village.
2.(2023·凉山彝族自治州中考改编)— Becky,we’re leaving in several minutes.Are you ready
— No,I 　 　 (pack) my clothes yet.
3.(2023·岳阳市中考改编)The panda Ya Ya 　 　 (bring) back to China on April 27th,2023.
　was brought　
　haven’t packed　
　is provided　
4.(2023·滨州市中考改编)— Can he get the first prize in the race
— He 　 　 (expect) to do so,but he has just hurt his leg.It’s impossible now.
5.(2023·扬州市中考改编)Sand turns to glass when it 　 　 (hit) by lightning.
6.(2023·凉山彝族自治州中考改编)— I saw your light still on at 11:30 last night.
— Oh,I 　 　 (read) an exciting book at that time.I lost myself in the story.
　was reading　
　is hit　
　was expected　
7.(2023·怀化市中考改编)The cake 　 　 (eat) by the hungry students quickly yesterday.
8.(2023·天津市中考改编)Some photos of the moon
　 　 (show) in the Space Club next week.
9.(2023·江西省中考改编)Hou Yi 　 　 (give) magic medicine for shooting down the nine suns,then Pang Meng tried to steal it.
10.(2023·安徽省中考改编)Computers have had a great influence on learning methods since they 　 　 (introduce) into schools.
　were introduced　
　was given　
　will be shown　
　was eaten　
11.(2023·连云港市中考改编)To make the environment much better,more trees 　 　 (plant) next year.
12.(2023·泸州市中考改编)— Which teacher will you miss the most after graduation
— Mrs.Chen.She encouraged me a lot when I 　 　 (fail) the English exam.
13.(2023·达州市中考改编)— Would you mind telling me if he
　 　 (attend) the meeting in two days
— He won’t,unless he 　 　 (invite).
　is invited　
　will attend　
　failed　
　will be planted　
14.(2023·凉山彝族自治州中考改编)— We’re so proud that China is getting stronger and stronger.
— Yes.As you can see,Chinese 　 　 (learn) by more and more foreigners.
15.(2023·成都市中考改编)A great number of beautiful flowers
　 　 (plant) on the second ring road in Chengdu these days.
16.(2023·天水市中考改编)ChatGPT,an AI chatbot,　 _
(develop) by OpenAI and met the public in November,2022.
17.(2023·扬州市中考改编)The artists 　 　 (encourage) to tell good Chinese stories in their favorite art forms.
　are encouraged　
　was developed
　are planted　
　is learned　
18.(2022·天津市中考改编)A lot of birds 　 　 (protect) in nature parks every year.
19.(2022·重庆市中考改编)His guitar 　 　 (buy) as a gift for him last week.
20.(2022·武汉市中考改编)During the Tang Dynasty (唐朝),nearly everything produced in the world could 　 　 (find) on the streets of Chang’an.
21.(2022·昆明市中考改编)The tea in Yunnan is so famous that it
　 　 (send) to more places across the world in the future.
22.(2022·重庆市中考改编)Last year,a new old people’s home
　 　 (build) in our community.
　was built　
　will be sent　
　be found　
　was bought　
　are protected　
23.(2022·乐山市中考改编)— Jane,I called you last night but nobody answered.
— Oh,my parents and I 　 　 (take) a walk in the park at that time.
24.(2022·天津市中考改编)We hope there 　 　 (be) a computer on every student’s desk in the future.
25.(2022·昆明市中考改编)— China’s high-speed railway technology
　 　 (lead) the world now.
— That’s true.It has developed rapidly over the past years.
26.(2022·营口市中考真题)A speech on robots 　 　 (give)in the school hall next Friday afternoon.
　will be given　
　is leading　
　will be　
　were taking　
27.(2021·青海省中考改编)— Students begin to pay more attention to subjects of art education.
— That’s true.They 　 　 (test) in senior high school entrance examination.
28.(2021·菏泽市中考改编)— Do you think it necessary for teenagers to learn cooking at home
— Sure.Cooking 　 　 (regard) as an important part of education in China.
29.(2021·武汉市中考改编)— Did you notice the students 　 　 (ask) a few why questions in Mr Zhang’s class
— Yes,I think he wanted to train their abilities of deep thinking.
30.(2021·十堰市中考改编)Fishing 　 　 (not allow) in order to protect the ecosystem of Hanjiang River.
　isn’t allowed　
　were asked　
　is regarded　
　will be tested　
1.不及物动词不适用于被动语态的句子中,如happen 和take place,无被动语态。
2.有些表示状态、特征的系动词和某些表示主语内在品质或性能的动词,通常不用被动语态,如sound,seem,smell,taste,look,feel,open,lock,read,
clean,cut,drive,sell,suit,wash,wear,write等。
如:The song sounds beautiful.这首歌听起来很美。
These books sell well.这些书很畅销。
This pen writes well.这支钢笔很好写。
1.下列动词在主动句中省略to,被动句中应还原to,如see,hear,let,make,
watch,notice,feel等。这些使役动词和感官动词在主动语态中与省略to的动词不定式连用,但变成被动语态以后,要把省略的to还原。
如:She made me do the housework.→ I was made to do the housework by her.
I saw him enter the room just now.→ He was seen to enter the room just now.
2.由“不及物动词+介词或副词”形成的被动语态,后面的介词或副词应保留,不能忽略。
如:We laughed at him.→ He was laughed at (by us).
People take good care of the old men in China.→ The old men in China are taken good care of (by people).
1.动词不定式在某些形容词之后且与主语有动宾关系,用主动语态表示被动。
如:The question is easy to answer.这个问题很容易回答。
The mountain is difficult to climb.这座山很难爬。
2.“have / get+宾语+过去分词”这个结构也表示一种被动的意思。
如:He had his hair cut the other day.前几天他去理发了。
3.在need doing和be worth doing 中,动名词虽为主动形式,但在这些结构中也表示被动意义。
如:The flowers need watering.这些花需要浇水。
These books are worth reading.这些书值得一读。
谢 谢 观 看