2024高三考前测试A卷
英语试卷
注意事项
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名，考号填写在答题卡上
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目涂黑. 回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效.
3．考试结束后只交答题卡.
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30分）
第一节 （共 5题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍
1．How did the woman go home last night
A．By taxi. B．By car. C．By bike
2．When can the man watch the show
A．In 20 minutes. B．In 40 minutes. C．In an hour.
3．What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Mom and son. B．Doctor and patient. C．Teacher and student.
4．Who joined the swimming club
A．Tom. B．Tina. C．Dave.
5．What will the woman do on Friday
A．Go to a meeting. B．Pick up her mother. C．Pay a visit to London.
第二节 （共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题
6．What is Molly
A．A patient. B．A nurse. C．A mother
7．How does the woman feel now
A．Surprised. B．Amused. C．Encouraged.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．What color did the man choose
A．White. B．Black. C．Red.
9．How much did the man pay for the T-shirt
A．9 pounds. B．10 pounds. C．11 pounds.
听第8段材料，回答第9至12题
10．What didn’t the woman put in the handbag
A．Her wallet. B．Her mobile phone. C．Some papers for work.
11．Where did the woman go first after lunch
A．To her friend’s office B．To a clothing store. C．To a police station.
12．What will the woman do
A．Go back to the restaurant.
B．Call her friend again.
C．Look for the handbag in her car.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．Why did the man refuse the invitation
A．To have a picnic. B．To write a report. C．To design a truck.
14．What are the trucks designed for
A．Cleaning the street. B．Doing the housework. C．Transporting the rubbish.
15．What does the man say about the trucks
A．They can work all day. B．They can run very fast. C．They can recognize traffic lights.
16．What day is it today
A．It’s Wednesday. B．It’s Thursday. C．It’s Friday.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．Who is the speaker talking to
A．Patients. B．Athletes. C．Students.
18．What should people do before the long-run exercise
A．Eat a bit of food. B．Take a short walk. C．Go and see a doctor.
19．What does the speaker advise people to do
A．Avoid doing hard exercise.
B．Do other exercise besides running.
C．Increase the running distance gradually.
20．What is the speaker talking about
A．How to run correctly. B．How to keep healthy. C．How to run quickly,
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
It should come as no surprise that England has some of the world’s most interesting attractions for literature lovers.
Bath
In England’s West County, not far from the border with Wales, the beautiful Georgian town of Bath is a must- visit for fans. Some of the country’s most celebrated authors have lived here, including Mary Shelley. However, the town’s best-known former resident is Jane Austen, who spent five miserable yeas in the town. The Jane Austen Centre and its Regency Tea Room are among Bath’s most-visited attractions, and there is a 10-day festival held every September that honors the writer and her works.
London
London has long been a favorite setting for English storytellers, and the capital city has appeared in countless stories and novels over the years. Sherlock Holmes had a flat on Baker Street in his crime-solving days. Charles Dickens is perhaps the best-known author of the lot, and there are dozens of Dickensian London tours available to literature lovers. Fleet Street makes an appearance in The Pickwick Papers and A Tale of Two Cities. Oliver Twist fans might remember that the Artful Dodger tricks young Oliver to reach Fagin’s den, located in Saffron Hill in Camden.
Stratford-upon-Avon
The birthplace of William Shakespeare, Stratford-upon-Avon, has built an entire tourism industry around the Bard. Many of Shakespeare’s plays are set in faraway destinations such as Greece, Italy, Denmark and a make-believe island in the middle of the ocean. There are still plenty of attractions that fans won’t want to miss.
1. What takes place every September in Bath
A A movie show. B. A book exhibition.
C. A festival to honor Jane Austen. D. A tour to celebrate Mary Shelley’s birthday.
2. Which place may appeal to Oliver Twist fans most
A. Wales. B. London.
C. Bath. D. Stratford-upon-Avon.
3. Who are the text mainly intended for
A. Novel publishers. B. Film producers. C. History researchers. D. Literature fans.
B
What does it take to become an astronaut It’s a question that’s been asked since the start of the Space Age in the 1960s. In those days, pilots were considered the most well-trained professionals, so military fliers were first in line to go to space. More recently, people from a wide range of professional backgrounds - doctors, scientists, and even teachers- have trained to live and work in near-Earth orbit. Even so, those selected to go to space must meet high standards.
People who want to become astronauts must be in top physical condition. Each country’s space program has health requirements for its space travelers. They usually assess a candidate’s fitness to withstand some pretty tough conditions. For example, a good candidate must have the ability to endure the rigors of lift-off and to function in weightlessness. All astronauts must have good visual acuity and normal blood pressure. Beyond that, there is no age limit. Most astronaut trainees are between the ages of 25 and 46, although older people have also flown to space later in their careers.
People who go to space are usually self-confident, risk-takers, adept at stress management and multitasking. They also need to be able to work as part of a team for any given assignment. On Earth, astronauts are usually required to perform various public relations duties. such as speaking to the public, working with other professionals, and sometimes even testifying before government officials. So, astronauts who can relate well to many different kinds of people are seen as valuable team members.
Often, astronauts have a background as scientists and many have high-level degrees, like Ph. Ds. Others have military training or space industry expertise. Regardless of their background, once an astronaut is accepted into a country’s space program, he or she goes through rigorous training to actually live and work in space.
4. Which of the following is of least importance to an astronaut
A. Normal blood pressure. B. Good eyesight.
C. Tough body. D. Young age
5. According to the passage an astronaut is one who
A. is strong and healthy. B. has self-confidence
C. can work under great pressure D. All of the above.
6. Why are astronauts asked to perform public duties
A. To make them famous among people.
B. To relieve their feeling of tension.
C. To raise their awareness of teamwork.
D. To promote public interest in the aerospace.
7. What could be the best title for the passage
A. Everyone Can be an Astronaut
B. The Professional Qualities of an Astronaut
C Training Astronauts is Much Easier Nowadays
D. It’s not Mysterious to be an Astronaut
C
When kids melt down in the middle of a crowded store or at a holiday dinner with extended family, it can be extremely frustrating. But parents can help kids learn self-control and teach them how to respond without just acting on impulse (冲动).
Teaching self-control is one of the most important things that parents can do for their kids because these skills are some of the most important for success later in life. By learning self-control, kids can make appropriate decisions and respond to stressful situations in ways that can yield positive outcomes. For example, if you say that you’re not serving ice cream until after dinner, your child may cry, plead, or even scream in the hopes that you will give in. But with self-control, your child can understand that a temper tantrum (发脾气) means you’ll take away the ice cream for good and that it’s wiser to wait patiently.
Difficult as it may be, resist the urge to yell when you’re disciplining your kids. Instead, be persistent and matter of fact. During a child’s meltdown, stay calm and explain that yelling, throwing a tantrum, and slamming doors are unacceptable behaviors that have consequences. Your actions will show that tantrums won’t get kids the upper hand. For example, if your child gets, upset in the grocery store after you’ve explained why you won’t buy candy, don’t give in – thus demonstrating that the tantrum was both unacceptable and ineffective. Also, consider speaking to your child’s teachers about classroom settings and appropriate behavior expectations. Ask if problem-solving is taught or demonstrated in school.
And model good self-control yourself. If you’re in an annoyed situation in front of your kids, tell them why you’re frustrated and then discuss potential solutions to the problem. For example, if you’ve misplaced your keys, instead of getting upset, tell your kids the keys are missing and then search for them together. If they don’t turn up, take the next constructive step. Show that good emotional control and problem solving are the ways to deal with a difficult situation.
8. What is the main idea of paragraph 2
A. Impulsive responses lead to frustration.
B. Kids’ melting down is a common phenomenon.
C. Parents should help kids make decisions appropriately.
D. Teaching kids self-control is a must for their future success.
9. What is the parents’ best attitude towards a child’s meltdown
A. Firm and factual.
B. Calm and tolerant.
C. Cautious and objective.
D. Annoyed and disapproving.
10. Which of the following best explains the underlined part in paragraph 3
A. Emotional outburst is unexpected behaviors.
B. Kids shouldn’t be responsible for their behaviors alone.
C. Temper loss won’t give the kids a position of advantage.
D. Tantrums are ineffective in interpersonal communications.
11. What message is conveyed in the last paragraph
A. Slow and steady wins the race.
B. Good example is the best sermon.
C. Experience is the mother of wisdom.
D. Success comes from thorough self-control.
D
Scientists have proved the idea wrong that women are underrepresented in the science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) industries because of biological differences which affect their math skills. Girls and boys have similar brains and are equally able when it comes to understanding math, according to the study.
The research involved 104 children aged between 3 to 10 years old, 55 of whom were girls. The kids watched an educational video featuring math concepts such as counting and addition, while the scientists recorded their brain activity using an MRI scanner. The team then compared all the scan results. According to the data, there was no difference between the children’s brain functions or development. And the boys and girls appeared to be equally tuned into the videos. The team also looked at the results of a math ability test taken by 97 children aged between 3 and 8 years old, 50 of whom were girls. Both genders performed equally well, regardless of age.
Between 2015 and 2016, women made up only 35.5 percent of STEM students in the US, 32.6 percent of masters courses, and 33.7 percent at PhD level. Jessica Cantlon, professor of developmental neuroscience at Carnegie Mellon University and senior author of the paper, commented in a statement: “Science doesn’t align with folk beliefs. We see that children’s brains function similarly regardless of their gender so hopefully we can redefine expectations of what children can achieve in mathematics.”
Cantlon said: “Typical socialization can enlarge small differences between boys and girls that can snowball into how we treat them in science and math. We need to be aware of these origins to ensure we aren’t the ones causing the gender unfairness.”
Alyssa Kersey, postdoctoral scholar at the University of Chicago and first author on the paper, said in a statement: “I’s not just that boys and girls are using the math network in the same ways but that similarities are evident across the entire brain. This is an important reminder that humans are more similar to each other than we are different.”
12. How did the researchers know of the children’s brain functions
A. By using an MRI scanner. B. By asking them questions.
C. By testing their experiment abilities. D. By recording an educational video.
13. What does the underlined phrase “align with” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Vary with. B. Deal with. C. Fight with. D. Agree with.
14. What causes the gender gap in STEM field according to Cantlon
A. The different interests. B. The gender unfairness.
C The gender imbalance. D. The biological differences.
15. What does Alyssa Kersey think of the result of the study
A. Controversial. B. Significant. C. Unexpected. D. Absurd.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分；满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项
Problems are not terrible, and the key is how we face them. One day or another, you will have to stand up and say, “Problems, I don’t want you in my life.”
___16___ Problems with friends, parents, husbands and children — the list goes on. Apart from these, the inner conflicts within ourselves work, too. These keep adding to our problems. But good news is that all problems can be dealt with. Now read on to know how to solve your problems.
Talk. It really helps. What most of us think is that our problem can be understood only by us and that no talking is going to help. ___17___ Talking helps you move on and let go.
Write your problems. ___18___ When you write down your problems, you are setting free all the tension from your system. You can try throwing away the paper on which you wrote your problems. By doing this, imagine yourself throwing away problems from you life.
Don’t lose faith and hope. No matter what you lose in life, don’t lose faith and hope. Even if you lose all your money, family... you should still have faith. ___19___
Your problems aren’t the worst. No matter what problems you get in life, there are another one million people whose problems are huger than yours. ___20___ Your problems might just seem bigger and worse, but in reality they can be removed.
A. When we have a problem, how do we try and solve it
B. Of course, we’ve been fighting problems ever since we were born.
C. Tell yourself: when they can deal with them, why can’t I
D. With faith and hope, you can rebuild everything that you lose.
E. We can often overcome the problem and achieve the goal by making a direct attack.
F. Having a personal diary can also be of huge help if you don’t want a real person to talk with.
G. But the truth is that when you talk about it, you’re setting free the negative energies that have been gathered within you
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.
“What do you want to be when you grow up ” When I was a kid, I ___21___ the question. Adults always seemed terribly disappointed that I wasn’t dreaming of becoming something grand or ___22___, like an astronaut.
Now, as an organizational psychologist, my job is to fix other people’s jobs, and I’ve come to believe that asking youngsters that question does them ___23___.
My first complaint about the question is that it ___24___ kids to define themselves in terms of work. If we define ourselves by our jobs, our ___25___ depends on what we achieve. So when you are asked what you want to be, it’s not socially ___26___ to say “A father” or “A mother”, let alone “A person of integrity”.
The second ___27___ is the implication that there is one calling (职业) out there for everyone. Research shows that ___28___ one leaves students feeling lost and ___29___. After all, not everyone has that talent for grand jobs.
If you manage to ___30___ the above barriers, there is a third hurdle (难关) : careers rarely live up to your childhood ___31___. In one study, looking for a(n) ___32___ job left college seniors feeling more anxious and less satisfied with the ___33___. As Tim Urban writes, happiness is reality minus expectations. It’s clear how expectations ___34___ our perceived happiness. If you are looking for extreme happiness, you’re bound to be disappointed.
Asking kids what they want to be leads them to ___35___ a career identity they might never want to earn. Instead, invite them to think about the different things they might want to do.
21. A. considered B. feared C. explained D. recalled
22. A. average B. humble C. heroic D. romantic
23. A. harm B. good C. wrong D. honour
24. A. forces B. troubles C. commands D. forbids
25. A. status B. experience C. worth D. fame
26. A. rejected B. accurate C. confirmed D. acceptable
27. A. thought B. division C. assumption D. problem
28. A. picking up B. searching for C. praying for D. taking over
29. A. bored B. impatient C. intolerant D. confused
30. A. strengthen B. control C. build D. overcome
31. A. efforts B. struggles C. ambitions D. gains
32. A. ideal B. permanent C. ordinary D. specific
33. A. benefit B. outcome C. solution D. truth
34. A. boost B. contain C. guarantee D. affect
35. A. refuse B. claim C. keep D. ignore
第二节 （共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For months, people have told inspiring stories about their battle against COVID-19 in newspapers and videos. 65-year-old Zhao Wei ___36___ (complete) 65 eggshell painting works related to COVID-19 since January. She is willing ___37___ (donate) her creations to museums to let more people know the stories.
___38___ a traditional Chinese folk art, painting on eggshells has a history of more than 2.000 years. When a baby is born, friends and relatives will send eggs ___39___ (color) red as good luck gifts. From a variety of egg options, she chose duck eggs and chicken eggs this time, ___40___ can offer her more space to describe stories.
Drawing on a curved surface is quite different from doing so on ___41___ flat piece of paper, " Zhao said, ___42___ (note) that the pigments (颜料 ) cannot be too dry nor too wet. Each of his paintings ___43___ (feature) vivid details. The wrinkles on doctors’ protective suits and naughty expressions in children’s eyes can be ___44___ (clear) seen on the painted eggshells. "Although I cannot go to the frontline and save ____45____ (life), I can tell the heroic stories through drawing and inspire more people to defeat the coronavirus,” said Zhao
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，今天早上去找来自美国的好友John，想邀请他这周末一起去观看京剧 (Peking Opera) 表演，但John不在家，请你给他写封邮件。内容包括
1．你到John家的目的；
2．简要介绍京剧；
3．请求告知是否有空。
Dear John
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 （满分25分）词数为150字左右
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I had never noticed her. She was not the kind of girl who could draw attention. She was not tall and just plain. In class, she liked sitting at the back, reading or taking notes. It was once I asked her to read aloud the text that I looked at her with new eyes when I heard her standard American pronunciation. Later on, the National College English Speech Contest would be held. I thought it over and filled in her name with a smile. I red-penciled her draft of speech, corrected her pronunciation, and even adjusted her body language.
However, I was always kind of worried because she was too introvert(内向的)and too quiet. Could she seize this rare opportunity
On the night of the contest, I told her to take it easy. Blushed(脸红的), she looked at me and said nothing.
My heart sank. It seemed that she did tense up. I pated her and let her go to draw lots(抽签). As a result, what she drew was No. 9 while No. 8 was recognized English master-hand(高手).
Sure enough, the English master-hand was fairly successful in the speech with his humor and highly personal style. The whole audience would make a warm applause almost every 30 seconds until she appeared on the stage, still talking over his speech with excitement.
My palms began to sweat. I sat there, with no courage to look at her. It was the first time that she went up the stage, so I couldn't blame her for any slips. But at that moment, I found I was so scared of her failure.
The strong spotlight made her so small and so insignificant that nobody seemed to notice she had been on the stage, I said to myself, no hope.
But the moment that shocked me occurred. I clearly heard a voice, a very loud voice, “Now, please focus on me.” She said this sentence three times in all, louder and louder.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150词左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The whole audience fell silent.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After her speech ended for a long while, a thunderous applause sounded in the whole audience.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2024高三考前测试A卷
英语试卷
注意事项
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名，考号填写在答题卡上
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目涂黑. 回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效.
3．考试结束后只交答题卡.
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30分）
第一节 （共 5题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍
1．How did the woman go home last night
A．By taxi. B．By car. C．By bike
2．When can the man watch the show
A．In 20 minutes. B．In 40 minutes. C．In an hour.
3．What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Mom and son. B．Doctor and patient. C．Teacher and student.
4．Who joined the swimming club
A．Tom. B．Tina. C．Dave.
5．What will the woman do on Friday
A．Go to a meeting. B．Pick up her mother. C．Pay a visit to London.
第二节 （共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题
6．What is Molly
A．A patient. B．A nurse. C．A mother
7．How does the woman feel now
A．Surprised. B．Amused. C．Encouraged.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．What color did the man choose
A．White. B．Black. C．Red.
9．How much did the man pay for the T-shirt
A．9 pounds. B．10 pounds. C．11 pounds.
听第8段材料，回答第9至12题
10．What didn’t the woman put in the handbag
A．Her wallet. B．Her mobile phone. C．Some papers for work.
11．Where did the woman go first after lunch
A．To her friend’s office. B．To a clothing store. C．To a police station.
12．What will the woman do
A．Go back to the restaurant.
B．Call her friend again.
C．Look for the handbag in her car.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．Why did the man refuse the invitation
A．To have a picnic. B．To write a report. C．To design a truck.
14．What are the trucks designed for
A．Cleaning the street. B．Doing the housework. C．Transporting the rubbish.
15．What does the man say about the trucks
A．They can work all day. B．They can run very fast. C．They can recognize traffic lights.
16．What day is it today
A．It’s Wednesday. B．It’s Thursday. C．It’s Friday.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．Who is the speaker talking to
A．Patients. B．Athletes. C．Students.
18．What should people do before the long-run exercise
A．Eat a bit of food. B．Take a short walk. C．Go and see a doctor.
19．What does the speaker advise people to do
A．Avoid doing hard exercise.
B．Do other exercise besides running.
C．Increase the running distance gradually.
20．What is the speaker talking about
A．How to run correctly. B．How to keep healthy. C．How to run quickly,
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
It should come as no surprise that England has some of the world’s most interesting attractions for literature lovers.
Bath
In England’s West County, not far from the border with Wales, the beautiful Georgian town of Bath is a must- visit for fans. Some of the country’s most celebrated authors have lived here, including Mary Shelley. However, the town’s best-known former resident is Jane Austen, who spent five miserable yeas in the town. The Jane Austen Centre and its Regency Tea Room are among Bath’s most-visited attractions, and there is a 10-day festival held every September that honors the writer and her works.
London
London has long been a favorite setting for English storytellers, and the capital city has appeared in countless stories and novels over the years. Sherlock Holmes had a flat on Baker Street in his crime-solving days. Charles Dickens is perhaps the best-known author of the lot, and there are dozens of Dickensian London tours available to literature lovers. Fleet Street makes an appearance in The Pickwick Papers and A Tale of Two Cities. Oliver Twist fans might remember that the Artful Dodger tricks young Oliver to reach Fagin’s den, located in Saffron Hill in Camden.
Stratford-upon-Avon
The birthplace of William Shakespeare, Stratford-upon-Avon, has built an entire tourism industry around the Bard. Many of Shakespeare’s plays are set in faraway destinations such as Greece, Italy, Denmark and a make-believe island in the middle of the ocean. There are still plenty of attractions that fans won’t want to miss.
1. What takes place every September in Bath
A. A movie show. B. A book exhibition.
C. A festival to honor Jane Austen. D. A tour to celebrate Mary Shelley’s birthday.
2. Which place may appeal to Oliver Twist fans most
A. Wales. B. London.
C. Bath. D. Stratford-upon-Avon.
3. Who are the text mainly intended for
A. Novel publishers. B. Film producers. C. History researchers. D. Literature fans.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了英国三个文学爱好者必去的旅游景点。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Bath部分中“The Jane Austen Centre and its Regency Tea Room are among Bath’s most-visited attractions, and there is a 10-day festival held every September that honors the writer and her works.(简·奥斯汀中心及其摄政茶室是巴斯最受游客欢迎的景点之一，每年9月还有一个为期10天的节日，纪念这位作家和她的作品)”可知，巴斯每年九月都会举行一个纪念简·奥斯汀的节日。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据London部分中“London has long been a favorite setting for English storytellers, and the capital city has appeared in countless stories and novels over the years.(长期以来，伦敦一直是英国小说家最喜欢的故事背景，多年来，这座首都城市出现在无数的故事和小说中)”和“Oliver Twist fans might remember that the Artful Dodger tricks young Oliver to reach Fagin’s den, located in Saffron Hill in Camden.(《雾都孤儿》的粉丝可能还记得，狡猾的神偷骗小奥利弗来到了费金位于卡姆登藏红花山的巢穴)”可知，伦敦是《雾都孤儿》的故事背景城市，所以它可能最吸引《雾都孤儿》的粉丝。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“It should come as no surprise that England has some of the world’s most interesting attractions for literature lovers.(对于文学爱好者来说，英国拥有一些世界上最有趣景点，这不足为奇)”和下文内容可知，文章介绍了3个对于文学爱好者来说最有趣的英国景点。由此可推知，这篇文章的目标读者是文学爱好者。故选D。
B
What does it take to become an astronaut It’s a question that’s been asked since the start of the Space Age in the 1960s. In those days, pilots were considered the most well-trained professionals, so military fliers were first in line to go to space. More recently, people from a wide range of professional backgrounds - doctors, scientists, and even teachers- have trained to live and work in near-Earth orbit. Even so, those selected to go to space must meet high standards.
People who want to become astronauts must be in top physical condition. Each country’s space program has health requirements for its space travelers. They usually assess a candidate’s fitness to withstand some pretty tough conditions. For example, a good candidate must have the ability to endure the rigors of lift-off and to function in weightlessness. All astronauts must have good visual acuity and normal blood pressure. Beyond that, there is no age limit. Most astronaut trainees are between the ages of 25 and 46, although older people have also flown to space later in their careers.
People who go to space are usually self-confident, risk-takers, adept at stress management and multitasking. They also need to be able to work as part of a team for any given assignment. On Earth, astronauts are usually required to perform various public relations duties. such as speaking to the public, working with other professionals, and sometimes even testifying before government officials. So, astronauts who can relate well to many different kinds of people are seen as valuable team members.
Often, astronauts have a background as scientists and many have high-level degrees, like Ph. Ds. Others have military training or space industry expertise. Regardless of their background, once an astronaut is accepted into a country’s space program, he or she goes through rigorous training to actually live and work in space.
4. Which of the following is of least importance to an astronaut
A. Normal blood pressure. B. Good eyesight.
C. Tough body. D. Young age
5. According to the passage, an astronaut is one who
A. is strong and healthy. B. has self-confidence
C. can work under great pressure D. All of the above.
6. Why are astronauts asked to perform public duties
A. To make them famous among people.
B. To relieve their feeling of tension.
C. To raise their awareness of teamwork.
D. To promote public interest in the aerospace.
7. What could be the best title for the passage
A. Everyone Can be an Astronaut
B. The Professional Qualities of an Astronaut
C. Training Astronauts is Much Easier Nowadays
D. It’s not Mysterious to be an Astronaut
【答案】4. D 5. D 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了成为一名宇航员需要具备的条件。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Beyond that, there is no age limit. Most astronaut trainees are between the ages of 25 and 46, although older people have also flown to space later in their careers.”(除此之外，没有年龄限制。大多数受训宇航员的年龄在25岁至46岁之间，尽管年纪较大的人也曾在职业生涯后期飞向太空。)可知，成为宇航员并没有严格的年龄限制，甚至有人在年龄较大的时候也飞向过太空，可知相比其他条件，年龄对于宇航员是最不重要的。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“People who want to become astronauts must be in top physical condition. Each country’s space program has health requirements for its space travelers. They usually assess a candidate’s fitness to withstand some pretty tough conditions.”(想成为宇航员的人必须有最好的身体条件。每个国家的太空计划都对太空旅行者有健康要求。他们通常会评估应聘者是否适合承受一些相当恶劣的条件。)可知，宇航员需要健康和强壮的身体；根据第三段“People who go to space are usually self-confident, risk-takers, adept at stress management and multitasking.”(去太空的人通常都很自信，敢于冒险，擅长压力管理和多任务处理。)可知，宇航员充满自信且能承受高压；综合以上信息，要选D项。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段|“They also need to be able to work as part of a team for any given assignment. On Earth, astronauts are usually required to perform various public relations duties. such as speaking to the public, working with other professionals, and sometimes even testifying before government officials. So, astronauts who can relate well to many different kinds of people are seen as valuable team members.|”(他们还需要能够作为团队的一员完成任何给定的任务。在地球上，宇航员通常需要履行各种公共关系的职责。比如向公众讲话，与其他专业人士合作，有时甚至在政府官员面前作证。所以，能与不同类型的人相处融洽的宇航员被视为有价值的团队成员。)可知，宇航员被要求履行公共职责是锻炼他们的团队合作能力，提高他们的团队合作意识，使他们成为团队中有价值的成员。故选C项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。文章第一句“What does it take to become an astronaut ”(怎样才能成为一名宇航员？)以设问的方式引起下文，是文章的主旨句，接下来具体分析了成为一名宇航员需要具备的专业素质，包括身体素质、心理素质、专业知识等，所以B选项“宇航员的职业素质”概括了文章内容，适合作为标题。故选B项。
C
When kids melt down in the middle of a crowded store or at a holiday dinner with extended family, it can be extremely frustrating. But parents can help kids learn self-control and teach them how to respond without just acting on impulse (冲动).
Teaching self-control is one of the most important things that parents can do for their kids because these skills are some of the most important for success later in life. By learning self-control, kids can make appropriate decisions and respond to stressful situations in ways that can yield positive outcomes. For example, if you say that you’re not serving ice cream until after dinner, your child may cry, plead, or even scream in the hopes that you will give in. But with self-control, your child can understand that a temper tantrum (发脾气) means you’ll take away the ice cream for good and that it’s wiser to wait patiently.
Difficult as it may be, resist the urge to yell when you’re disciplining your kids. Instead, be persistent and matter of fact. During a child’s meltdown, stay calm and explain that yelling, throwing a tantrum, and slamming doors are unacceptable behaviors that have consequences. Your actions will show that tantrums won’t get kids the upper hand. For example, if your child gets, upset in the grocery store after you’ve explained why you won’t buy candy, don’t give in – thus demonstrating that the tantrum was both unacceptable and ineffective. Also, consider speaking to your child’s teachers about classroom settings and appropriate behavior expectations. Ask if problem-solving is taught or demonstrated in school.
And model good self-control yourself. If you’re in an annoyed situation in front of your kids, tell them why you’re frustrated and then discuss potential solutions to the problem. For example, if you’ve misplaced your keys, instead of getting upset, tell your kids the keys are missing and then search for them together. If they don’t turn up, take the next constructive step. Show that good emotional control and problem solving are the ways to deal with a difficult situation.
8. What is the main idea of paragraph 2
A. Impulsive responses lead to frustration.
B. Kids’ melting down is a common phenomenon.
C. Parents should help kids make decisions appropriately.
D. Teaching kids self-control is a must for their future success.
9. What is the parents’ best attitude towards a child’s meltdown
A. Firm and factual.
B. Calm and tolerant.
C. Cautious and objective.
D. Annoyed and disapproving.
10. Which of the following best explains the underlined part in paragraph 3
A. Emotional outburst is unexpected behaviors.
B. Kids shouldn’t be responsible for their behaviors alone.
C. Temper loss won’t give the kids a position of advantage.
D. Tantrums are ineffective in interpersonal communications.
11. What message is conveyed in the last paragraph
A. Slow and steady wins the race.
B. Good example is the best sermon.
C. Experience is the mother of wisdom.
D. Success comes from thorough self-control.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲了对孩子而言培养自控力的重要性以及身为家长应该怎么做。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段的主要内容，尤其“Teaching self-control is one of the most important things that parents can do for their kids because these skills are some of the most important for success later in life.”(教导自我控制是父母可以为孩子做的最重要的事情之一，因为这些技能对于以后的生活取得成功是最重要的)可知，本段主要讲述自控力对于孩子来说会对他们未来的成功很重要，故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Instead, be persistent and matter of fact. During a child’s meltdown, stay calm and explain that yelling, throwing a tantrum, and slamming doors are unacceptable behaviors that have consequences.”(相反，要坚持不懈，实事求是。在孩子崩溃期间，保持冷静并解释大喊大叫、发脾气和摔门是不可接受的行为，这些行为会产生后果)可知，家长需要坚持，持续不断的教育孩子自控的重要性，此外，家长需要就事论事，从实际角度考虑，故选A。
【10题详解】
猜测句意题。根据文章第三段，“Instead, be persistent and matter of fact. During a child’s meltdown, stay calm and explain that yelling, throwing a tantrum, and slamming doors are unacceptable behaviors that have consequences.”(相反，要坚持不懈，实事求是。在孩子崩溃期间，保持冷静并解释大喊大叫、发脾气和摔门是不可接受的行为，这些行为会产生后果。)以及“if your child gets, upset in the grocery store after you’ve explained why you won't buy candy, don’t give in – thus demonstrating that the tantrum was both unacceptable and ineffective.”(例如，如果你的孩子在你解释了你不买糖果的原因后在杂货店生气，不要屈服——这表明发脾气既不可接受又无效)可知，我们想要孩子知道的是，发脾气不被外人接受，也对你手头的事情没有任何的帮助。由此猜测，划线句子意为“发脾气对孩子没有好处”。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段，“And model good self-control yourself.”（塑造你自己的自控力）可知，这一段在讲作为家长，我们也需要塑造自己的自控力，在孩子面前做好榜样，即好榜样是最好的说教。故选B。
D
Scientists have proved the idea wrong that women are underrepresented in the science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) industries because of biological differences which affect their math skills. Girls and boys have similar brains and are equally able when it comes to understanding math, according to the study.
The research involved 104 children aged between 3 to 10 years old, 55 of whom were girls. The kids watched an educational video featuring math concepts such as counting and addition, while the scientists recorded their brain activity using an MRI scanner. The team then compared all the scan results. According to the data, there was no difference between the children’s brain functions or development. And the boys and girls appeared to be equally tuned into the videos. The team also looked at the results of a math ability test taken by 97 children aged between 3 and 8 years old, 50 of whom were girls. Both genders performed equally well, regardless of age.
Between 2015 and 2016, women made up only 35.5 percent of STEM students in the US, 32.6 percent of masters courses, and 33.7 percent at PhD level. Jessica Cantlon, professor of developmental neuroscience at Carnegie Mellon University and senior author of the paper, commented in a statement: “Science doesn’t align with folk beliefs. We see that children’s brains function similarly regardless of their gender so hopefully we can redefine expectations of what children can achieve in mathematics.”
Cantlon said: “Typical socialization can enlarge small differences between boys and girls that can snowball into how we treat them in science and math. We need to be aware of these origins to ensure we aren’t the ones causing the gender unfairness.”
Alyssa Kersey, postdoctoral scholar at the University of Chicago and first author on the paper, said in a statement: “I’s not just that boys and girls are using the math network in the same ways but that similarities are evident across the entire brain. This is an important reminder that humans are more similar to each other than we are different.”
12. How did the researchers know of the children’s brain functions
A. By using an MRI scanner. B. By asking them questions.
C. By testing their experiment abilities. D. By recording an educational video.
13. What does the underlined phrase “align with” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Vary with. B. Deal with. C. Fight with. D. Agree with.
14. What causes the gender gap in STEM field according to Cantlon
A. The different interests. B. The gender unfairness.
C. The gender imbalance. D. The biological differences.
15. What does Alyssa Kersey think of the result of the study
A. Controversial. B. Significant. C. Unexpected. D. Absurd.
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。科学家们已经证明了一个错误观点，即女性在科学、技术、工程和数学行业中的代表性不足是因为生物差异影响了她们的数学技能。研究显示，女孩和男孩的大脑相似，在理解数学方面能力相同。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“The kids watched an educational video featuring math concepts such as counting and addition, while the scientists recorded their brain activity using an MRI scanner.（孩子们观看了一段教育视频，内容包括数学概念，如计数和加法，而科学家们则用核磁共振扫描仪记录了他们的大脑活动。）”可知，研究人员是通过使用核磁共振扫描仪来知道孩子们的大脑功能的。A. 通过使用核磁共振扫描仪；B. 向他们提问；C. 测试他们的实验能力；D. 录制教育视频。故选A。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线短语所在句子的下一句的前半句“We see that children's brains function similarly regardless of their gender（我们发现，无论男女，儿童的大脑功能都是相似的）”可知，科学与民间信仰不一致。所以，划线短语的意思是“与某人（某观点）一致”。A. 随……变化；B. 处理，对付；C. 与……争斗；D. 与某人（某观点）一致。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段第一句坎特伦所说“Typical socialization can enlarge small differences between boys and girls that can snowball into how we treat them in science and math. We need to be aware of these origins to ensure we aren't the ones causing the gender unfairness.（典型的社会化会扩大男孩和女孩之间的微小差异，这些差异会滚雪球般地转化为我们在科学和数学方面对待他们的方式。我们需要意识到这些根源，以确保我们不是造成性别不公平的人。）”可知，坎特伦认为是性别不公平导致了STEM领域的性别差异。A. 不同的兴趣；B. 性别不公平；C. 性别失衡；D. 生理学上的差异。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最最后一段艾莉莎·克西所说的最后一句 “This is an important reminder that humans are more similar to each other than we are different.（这是一个重要的提醒，人类彼此更相似，而不是我们不同。）”可知，艾莉莎·克西认为这项研究是有重大意义的。A. 有争议的；B. 有重大意义的；C.意外的；D. 荒谬的。故选B。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分；满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项
Problems are not terrible, and the key is how we face them. One day or another, you will have to stand up and say, “Problems, I don’t want you in my life.”
___16___ Problems with friends, parents, husbands and children — the list goes on. Apart from these, the inner conflicts within ourselves work, too. These keep adding to our problems. But good news is that all problems can be dealt with. Now read on to know how to solve your problems.
Talk. It really helps. What most of us think is that our problem can be understood only by us and that no talking is going to help. ___17___ Talking helps you move on and let go.
Write your problems. ___18___ When you write down your problems, you are setting free all the tension from your system. You can try throwing away the paper on which you wrote your problems. By doing this, imagine yourself throwing away problems from you life.
Don’t lose faith and hope. No matter what you lose in life, don’t lose faith and hope. Even if you lose all your money, family... you should still have faith. ___19___
Your problems aren’t the worst. No matter what problems you get in life, there are another one million people whose problems are huger than yours. ___20___ Your problems might just seem bigger and worse, but in reality they can be removed.
A. When we have a problem, how do we try and solve it
B. Of course, we’ve been fighting problems ever since we were born.
C. Tell yourself: when they can deal with them, why can’t I
D. With faith and hope, you can rebuild everything that you lose.
E. We can often overcome the problem and achieve the goal by making a direct attack.
F. Having a personal diary can also be of huge help if you don’t want a real person to talk with.
G. But the truth is that when you talk about it, you’re setting free the negative energies that have been gathered within you
【答案】16. B 17. G 18. F 19. D 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了解决生活中问题的方法。
【16题详解】
下文“Problems with friends, parents, husbands and children — the list goes on. (与朋友、父母、丈夫和孩子之间的问题——这样的问题不胜枚举)”列举了生活中的问题，说明问题伴随一个人的一生，是对B项“Of course, we’ve been fighting problems ever since we were born.(当然，我们从出生起就一直在与问题作斗争)”观点的诠释，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。
【17题详解】
上文“What most of us think is that our problem can be understood only by us and that no talking is going to help.(我们大多数人的想法是，我们的问题只能由我们自己来理解，说出来也没有用)”指出大多数人都会认为，自己的问题只有自己能够解决，说出来也没有用，与本段主题“Talk. It really helps.(说出来。这真的很有帮助)”不一致，故G项“But the truth is that when you talk about it, you’re setting free the negative energies that have been gathered within you(但事实是，当你谈论它时，你正在释放积聚在你内心的负面能量)”与上文构成转折关系，纠正了人们的普遍观点，顺接下文“Talking helps you move on and let go. (交谈有助于你继续前进并放手)”，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。
【18题详解】
上一段建议有问题要说出来。根据本段主题句“Write your problems. (写出你的问题)”可知，本段建议把问题写下来。F项“Having a personal diary can also be of huge help if you don’t want a real person to talk with.(如果你不想和一个真正的人交谈，写个人日记也会有很大的帮助)”承上启下，提出如果确实不想说出来，可以写下来，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。
【19题详解】
上文“Don’t lose faith and hope. No matter what you lose in life, don’t lose faith and hope. Even if you lose all your money, family... you should still have faith. (不要失去信心和希望。无论你在生活中失去什么，都不要失去信念和希望。即使你失去了所有的钱、家人……，你还是要有信心)”可知，本段强调的是无论何时都不要失去信念和希望，D项“With faith and hope, you can rebuild everything that you lose.(有了信念和希望，你可以重建你失去的一切)”解释了拥有信念和希望的重要性，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。
【20题详解】
上文“Your problems aren’t the worst. No matter what problems you get in life, there are another one million people whose problems are huger than yours. (你的问题不是最严重的。不管你在生活中遇到什么问题，还有一百万个人的问题比你更严重)”提出有人很多遇到的问题比你的更严重，C项“Tell yourself: when they can deal with them, why can’t I (告诉自己：他们都能搞定，为什么我不能 )”点明告知上文事实的意义：别人能解决更严重的问题，我也能。句中代词“they”指代上文中“another one million people”。故选C项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.
“What do you want to be when you grow up ” When I was a kid, I ___21___ the question. Adults always seemed terribly disappointed that I wasn’t dreaming of becoming something grand or ___22___, like an astronaut.
Now, as an organizational psychologist, my job is to fix other people’s jobs, and I’ve come to believe that asking youngsters that question does them ___23___.
My first complaint about the question is that it ___24___ kids to define themselves in terms of work. If we define ourselves by our jobs, our ___25___ depends on what we achieve. So when you are asked what you want to be, it’s not socially ___26___ to say “A father” or “A mother”, let alone “A person of integrity”.
The second ___27___ is the implication that there is one calling (职业) out there for everyone. Research shows that ___28___ one leaves students feeling lost and ___29___. After all, not everyone has that talent for grand jobs.
If you manage to ___30___ the above barriers, there is a third hurdle (难关) : careers rarely live up to your childhood ___31___. In one study, looking for a(n) ___32___ job left college seniors feeling more anxious and less satisfied with the ___33___. As Tim Urban writes, happiness is reality minus expectations. It’s clear how expectations ___34___ our perceived happiness. If you are looking for extreme happiness, you’re bound to be disappointed.
Asking kids what they want to be leads them to ___35___ a career identity they might never want to earn. Instead, invite them to think about the different things they might want to do.
21. A. considered B. feared C. explained D. recalled
22. A. average B. humble C. heroic D. romantic
23. A. harm B. good C. wrong D. honour
24. A. forces B. troubles C. commands D. forbids
25. A. status B. experience C. worth D. fame
26. A. rejected B. accurate C. confirmed D. acceptable
27. A. thought B. division C. assumption D. problem
28. A. picking up B. searching for C. praying for D. taking over
29. A. bored B. impatient C. intolerant D. confused
30. A. strengthen B. control C. build D. overcome
31. A. efforts B. struggles C. ambitions D. gains
32. A. ideal B. permanent C. ordinary D. specific
33. A. benefit B. outcome C. solution D. truth
34. A. boost B. contain C. guarantee D. affect
35. A. refuse B. claim C. keep D. ignore
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. D 28. B 29. D 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。询问孩子长大之后想成为什么对孩子有害。文章论述了三方面的害处。作者建议，邀请孩子想想他们可能想做的其他事情。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我是个孩子时，我害怕这个问题。A. considered考虑；B. feared害怕；C. explained解释；D. recalled回想起。根据下文中的“Adults always seemed terribly disappointed that I wasn’t dreaming of becoming something grand or 2 , like an astronaut.”可知，成年人对作者的回答总是感到失望。所以作者很害怕被问到这个问题。他的回答让成年人不满意。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大人们似乎总是非常失望，因为我没有梦想成为伟大或英雄人物，比如宇航员。A. average平均的；B. humble谦虚的；C. heroic英雄的；D. romantic浪漫的。根据下文中的“like an astronaut”可知，宇航员属于伟大的或英雄般的人物。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，现在，作为一名组织心理学家，我工作是修复其他人的工作，我开始相信，向年轻人提出这个问题对他们有害。A. harm伤害；B. good益处；C. wrong坏事；D. honor荣誉。根据下文中的“My first complaint about the question”可知，作者对这个问题心存抱怨。由此推知，这个问题对孩子们来说并不好，对他们会造成伤害。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我对这个问题的第一个抱怨是，它迫使孩子们用工作来定义自己。A. forces迫使；B. troubles使烦恼；C. commands命令；D. forbids禁止。结和上一题的解析和空前的“My first complaint about the question”可知，这个问题对孩子们有害。当问孩子们长大之后的梦想的时候，孩子们就被迫从工作角度来定义自己。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们用工作来定义自己，那么我们的价值就取决于我们的成就。A. status地位；B. experience经历，经验；C. worth价值；D. fame名声。根据上文“If we define ourselves by our jobs”可以推知，如果我们用工作来定义自己，那么，我们在工作中取得的成就决定了我们个人价值。工作好，成就高，个人价值就高。反之，工作不好，成就低，个人价值就低。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以当你被问到你想成为什么样的人时，说“一个父亲”或“一个母亲”是不被社会接受的，更不用说“一个正直的人”了。A. rejected被拒绝的；B. accurate精确的；C. confirmed坚定的，被证实的；D. acceptable可接受的。根据上文“it 4 kids to define themselves in terms of work. If we define ourselves by our jobs, our 5 depends on what we achieve.”可知，当用工作来定义一个人的时候，个人价值取决于个人成就。所以，诸如“成为一个父亲”、“成为一个母亲”、或“成为一个正直的人”这样和工作毫无关系的回答显然是不符合期望，不被接受的。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二个问题是，这暗示着每个人都有一个使命。A. thought想法，思想；B. division除法，分配；C. assumption假设，认为；D. problem问题。结合上文中的“My first complaint about the question”和下文中的“If you manage to 10 the above barriers, there is a third hurdle”可知，第二、三、四段探讨的都是问孩子长大后要成为什么人产生的害处。因此，该空应该选择一个贬义词，表示询问孩子这个问题产生的问题或害处。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：研究表明，寻找一个使命让学生感到迷失和困惑。A. picking up捡起；B. searching for寻找，搜寻；C. praying for祈求，恳求；D. taking over接管。根据下文中的“not everyone has that talent for grand jobs”可知，对伟大使命的寻求会让学生感到迷惑。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，寻找一个使命让学生感到迷失和困惑。A. bored厌烦的；B. impatient不耐烦的；C. intolerant无法忍受的；D. confused困惑的。该空和lost并列，意思应该和lost接近。结合上题解析，可知，对伟大使命的寻求让学生迷失和困惑。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你成功克服了上述障碍，还有第三个障碍：职业生涯很少能达到你童年时的理想。A. strengthen增强；B. control控制；C. build建造；D. overcome克服。根据空前的“manage to”和后面的“there is a third hurdle”可知，该处应该指即使你可以克服前面提到的两个障碍，还有一个障碍你无法克服。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你成功克服了上述障碍，还有第三个障碍：职业生涯很少能达到你童年时的理想。A. efforts努力；B. struggles奋斗，难事；C. ambitions野心，雄心；D. gains收益。根据前文提到的问题“What do you want to be when you grow up ”可知，孩子们小时候经常被问到自己长大后的理想。但是长大之后做的职业很难实现童年地理想，即童年的雄心壮志。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一项研究中，寻找一份理想的工作让大四学生对这个结果感到更加焦虑和不太满意。 A. ideal理想的；B. permanent永久的；C. ordinary普通的； D. specific特定的，明确的。根据后面的“left college seniors feeling more anxious and less satisfied”可知，大四学生都想找一份理想的工作。但是找理想的工作不容易，所以他们焦虑，不满意。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一项研究中，寻找一份理想的工作让大四学生对这个结果感到更加焦虑和不太满意。A. benefit益处，好处；B. outcome结果；C. solution解决办法； D. truth真相，事实。根据前文的“careers rarely live up to your childhood 11 ”可知，大四学生找不到理想工作，无法实现童年的梦想，学生们对这样的结果感到焦虑，不满意。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：很明显，期望会影响我们的幸福感。A. boost推动，使增长；B. contain包含，抑制；C. guarantee保证，确保；D. affect影响。根据上文中的“happiness is reality minus expectations”可知，现实总是和期望有差距的。因此，期望值过高，实现不了，就会影响幸福感。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：问孩子他们想成为什么，会让他们获得一种他们可能永远都不想获得的职业身份。A. refuse拒绝；B. claim获得，声称，索要；C. keep保持；D. ignore忽略，忽视。上文介绍了问“孩子他们想成为什么”这个问题所产生的的三方面的危害。由此推知，问孩子这个问题会导致孩子获得一种他们可能永远都不想获得的职业身份。该空和后面的earn一致。故选B。
第二节 （共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For months, people have told inspiring stories about their battle against COVID-19 in newspapers and videos. 65-year-old Zhao Wei ___36___ (complete) 65 eggshell painting works related to COVID-19 since January. She is willing ___37___ (donate) her creations to museums to let more people know the stories.
___38___ a traditional Chinese folk art, painting on eggshells has a history of more than 2.000 years. When a baby is born, friends and relatives will send eggs ___39___ (color) red as good luck gifts. From a variety of egg options, she chose duck eggs and chicken eggs this time, ___40___ can offer her more space to describe stories.
Drawing on a curved surface is quite different from doing so on ___41___ flat piece of paper, " Zhao said, ___42___ (note) that the pigments (颜料 ) cannot be too dry nor too wet. Each of his paintings ___43___ (feature) vivid details. The wrinkles on doctors’ protective suits and naughty expressions in children’s eyes can be ___44___ (clear) seen on the painted eggshells. "Although I cannot go to the frontline and save ____45____ (life), I can tell the heroic stories through drawing and inspire more people to defeat the coronavirus,” said Zhao
【答案】36. has completed
37. to donate
38. As 39. colored
40. which 41. a
42. noting 43. features
44. clearly
45. lives
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了自今年1月以来，65岁的赵玮已经完成了65幅与新冠病毒有关的蛋壳绘画作品。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意：自今年1月以来，65岁的赵玮已经完成了65幅与新冠病毒有关的蛋壳绘画作品。根据since January可知这是表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在并且已经完成或可能持续下去，用现在完成时，所以填has completed。
【37题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：她愿意把自己的作品捐给博物馆，让更多的人知道这些故事。be willing to do乐意做某事，该句型是固定句型，所以填to donate。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：作为一种传统的中国民间艺术，蛋壳画已有2000多年的历史。文中表示“作为……”，句子第一个单词的首字母大写，所以填As。
【39题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：当婴儿出生时，朋友和亲戚会送着色为红色的鸡蛋作为好运礼物。“鸡蛋”和“着色”之间是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，所以填colored.
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在众多蛋中，这次她选择了鸭蛋和鸡蛋，这给了她更多的空间来描述故事。___5___ can offer her more space to describe stories.是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词duck eggs and chicken eggs，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，所以填which。
【41题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：在曲面上画画和在一张平的纸上画画是很不一样的。a piece of一张，该短语是固定短语，所以填a。
【42题详解】
考查现在分词。note与其逻辑主语Zhao之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，所以填noting。
【43题详解】
考查时态。句意：他每一幅画都突出了生动的细节。描述主语现在的状态，用一般现在时。主语Each of his paintings是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，所以填features。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：医生防护服上的皱褶，孩子们眼中的调皮表情，都可以在彩绘的蛋壳上被清晰地看到。该空修饰动词seen，用副词，所以填clearly。
【45题详解】
考查名词单复数。句意：虽然我不能去一线拯救生命，但我可以通过绘画讲述英雄故事，激励更多的人战胜冠状病毒。“拯救生命”是复数意义，用名词复数，所以填lives。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，今天早上去找来自美国的好友John，想邀请他这周末一起去观看京剧 (Peking Opera) 表演，但John不在家，请你给他写封邮件。内容包括
1．你到John家的目的；
2．简要介绍京剧；
3．请求告知是否有空。
Dear John
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear John
I hope this email finds you well. Learning you are interested in Chinese culture, I visited your home earlier this morning, but unfortunately, you were not there. So I am writing to invite you to watch Peking Opera this weekend.
I believe this is a good chance for you to gain insight into it. Regarded as one of the cultural treasures of China, Peking Opera is more than just music and singing; it also combines drama, dancing, and martial arts, which makes it one of the most varied art forms in the world. I can tell you more about it when we meet.
Please let me know if you are available and I will buy the tickets in advance.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给来自美国的好友John写封邮件，邀请他这周末一起去观看京剧表演。
【详解】1.词汇积累
机会：opportunity→chance
结合：associate→combine
多样的：various→varied
被看作：be regarded as→be considered as
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Learning you are interested in Chinese culture, I am writing to invite you to watch Peking Opera this weekend.
拓展句：Since you are interested in Chinese culture, I am writing to invite you to watch Peking Opera this weekend.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Learning you are interested in Chinese culture, I am writing to invite you to watch Peking Opera this weekend. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] Regarded as one of the cultural treasures of China, Peking Opera is more than just music and singing; it also combines drama, dancing, and martial arts, which makes it one of the most varied art forms in the world. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节 （满分25分）词数为150字左右
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I had never noticed her. She was not the kind of girl who could draw attention. She was not tall and just plain. In class, she liked sitting at the back, reading or taking notes. It was once I asked her to read aloud the text that I looked at her with new eyes when I heard her standard American pronunciation. Later on, the National College English Speech Contest would be held. I thought it over and filled in her name with a smile. I red-penciled her draft of speech, corrected her pronunciation, and even adjusted her body language.
However, I was always kind of worried because she was too introvert(内向的)and too quiet. Could she seize this rare opportunity
On the night of the contest, I told her to take it easy. Blushed(脸红的), she looked at me and said nothing.
My heart sank. It seemed that she did tense up. I pated her and let her go to draw lots(抽签). As a result, what she drew was No. 9 while No. 8 was recognized English master-hand(高手).
Sure enough, the English master-hand was fairly successful in the speech with his humor and highly personal style. The whole audience would make a warm applause almost every 30 seconds until she appeared on the stage, still talking over his speech with excitement.
My palms began to sweat. I sat there, with no courage to look at her. It was the first time that she went up the stage, so I couldn't blame her for any slips. But at that moment, I found I was so scared of her failure.
The strong spotlight made her so small and so insignificant that nobody seemed to notice she had been on the stage, I said to myself, no hope.
But the moment that shocked me occurred. I clearly heard a voice, a very loud voice, “Now, please focus on me.” She said this sentence three times in all, louder and louder.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150词左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The whole audience fell silent.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After her speech ended for a long while, a thunderous applause sounded in the whole audience.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 The whole audience fell silent. Small and thin as the girl appeared, the determined look on her face instantly caught everyone’s eyes. She glanced at the audience, took a deep breath and began her speech. Everything went smoothly－her voice was clear and influential and her speech was logical and well-organized. Words of power and grace flowed freely out of the girl like magic. She was usually soft-voiced and rarely drew attention in public before. It was like something in a dream!
After her speech ended for a long while, a thunderous applause sounded in the whole audience. When the competition was drawing to a close, still immersed in her stunning performance, all of us waited nervously for the winner’s name to be called. Tears of joy blurred my vision the moment the host announced that she won the first prize. Holding the trophy tightly, she gave me a brilliant smile. “You surely made yourself the most shining focus tonight!” I exclaimed, cheerfully pulling her into my arms. Yes, sometimes a tremendous energy originates from the silent accumulation.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者挑选班里一个口语标准但是性格内向的女孩参加全国英语演讲比赛。比赛的当天，作者现场督战，当看到对手强大，并赢得观众的阵阵掌声时，对自己的学生缺乏信心。然而，事实证明，这个看上去文静，内向怯弱的女孩却以惊人的气魄赢得了观众的支持，取得了成功。即沉默着发威的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“全场鸦雀无声。”可知，第一段可描写女孩在赛场上的表现，令人惊讶。描写的内容可以包括女孩的演讲语速、声音等等以及赛场外观众的反应。
②由第二段首句内容“她的演讲结束了好一会儿，全场响起了雷鸣般的掌声。”可知，第二段可描写女孩演讲后，观众们对女孩精彩表现的积极反应。同时可以描述女孩的获奖的心情以及作者的情绪反应。最后阐述通过该经历作者收获的宝贵经验。
2.续写线索：现场比赛——鸦雀无声——精彩表现——热烈反响——登台领奖——最终感悟
3.词汇激活行为类
①.吸引目光：catch one’s eyes/draw one’s attention
②.接近尾声：draw to a close/come to an end
③.模糊视线： blur one’s vision /be vague
情绪类
①.坚毅的表情：the determined look/the decisive look
②.高兴地： cheerfully/delightfully
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. When the competition was drawing to a close, still immersed in her stunning performance, all of us waited nervously for the winner’s name to be called. （使用when引导的时间状语从句，以及过去分词作伴随状语。）
[高分句型2]. Tears of joy blurred my vision the moment the host announced that she won the first prize.（the moment引导的时间状语从句以及that引导的宾语从句）
