深圳明德实验学校(集团)高级中学2023-2024学年第二学期
第二次质量检测 高一英语试题考试
时间:8:00-10:00 命题人:高二英语组
一、单项选择(15 小题，满分 15 分)
They showed great __________ in the face of difficulty.
A.insurance B. atmosphere C.misadventure D.perseverance
2. John is very ________if he promises to do something he'll do it.
A.Independent B.Confident C. reliable D. flexible
3. To overcome a ______ of medical staff, 10 doctors have been employed from overseas.
A.majority B.storage C. shortage D. minority
4. An intelligent walking house is _________ of using GPS technology to travel to different places, with computing technology controlling its “legs”.
A. frank B. generous C.capable D. temporary
5. Usually, a good business adviser can suggest practical ________ to save a failing company.
A. jokes B. difficulties C.factors D. strategies
As a working mother, I'd like to have _________ working hours so that I can look after my children and family.
A.generous B.shallow C.emergent D. flexible
7. The normal typhoon season _______ from December to April.
A. extends B. stages C.stresses D.circulates
8. People say that 18 marks a new chapter in our lives, and that we should become more _______.
A. influential B. convincing C. emotional D. independent
9. More and more teaching _______ are being developed across the globe, which are sure to _______ to make classtoom teaching more lively and interesting.
A. aids;help B. assistance; help C. aids; assist D. helps; aid
10. Sometimes _________ is a useful way of getting rid of nervousness, especially when waiting for a test to begin.
A. letting off steam B. taking a deep breath
C. breaking into tears D. pulling your weigh
11. _________ in the book, he didn't notice my coming.
A. Absorbed B. Absorbing C. to absorb D. Being absorbed
12. In the past few years, great changes _________ in my hometown.
A. have taken place B. took place
C. have been taken place D. were taken place
13. It can be hard for you to imagine what trouble have had ________ the problems _________ in the meeting _________ last week.
A. to deal with; referring to; held B. dealing with; referred to, held
C. to deal with; referred to; being held D, dealing with; referring to, being held
14. _________ in the north to the junction of Yanlong Avenue and Aixin Road, Longgang Children's Park covers an area of about 320,000 square meters, ________ three parts: powered amusement part, unpowered amusement part and recreational part.
A. Locating; consisting of B. Located; consisting of
C. Locating; consists of D. Located; consists of
15. We could barely believe our eyes when seeing a lady ________ as a princess _______ in the studio.
A. dressed; seated B. dressing herself up; seating
C. be dressed; sitting D. dress; sat
二、阅读理解(共两部分，满分50分)
第一部分(共15小题，37.5分)
A
Beyond the famous historic cities and world-famous sights, you'll find the real Italy tucked away. Meet some of Italy’s lesser-known regions and get to know the real Italy.
Cilento
Located just south of Naples, the walking paths and coastal roads of Cilento will reward you with inspiring sea views, highland backdrops and beautiful harbor(港) towns. The waterside restaurants offer the best buffalo mozzarella, a type of cheese, in Italy! You'll find many hundred-year-old people living here thanks to their healthy diet.
Umbria
Landlocked Umbria is a truly corner of Italy and is a feast for the senses with its museums, galleries, Romanesque churches and cathedrals. Wander through the narrow streets of historic Perugia, take a guided tour of the impressive Etruscan caves at Orvieto, or admire the frescoes(湿壁画) of the Basilica di San Francesco and the tomb of St, Francis of Assisi.
Piedmont
While the region is full of green-gold vineyard (葡萄园), Piedmont is also a hotbed of culinary excellence, with its focus on local production and food origin. The small town of Bra and its parish, Pollenzo, is the birthplace of the international Slow Food movement, and home to the University of Gastronomic Sciences.
Basilicata
Basilicata is filled with historic hilltop towns that look out across the mountainous landscapes of the Lucanian Dolomites. As a region that remains relatively unexplored, it is a fascinating corner off the beaten path that is attractive for its historical presence, It’s home to neighbourhoods of prehistoric houses believed by many to be the place where Italy's first settlers arrived over 9,000 years ago.
16. Which region has a number oflong-lived people
A. Cilento.
B. Umbria.
C. Piedmont
D. Basilicata.
17. What can we learn about Umbria
A. It is famous for grapes paintings.
B. It is a narrow place where few people live.
C. People can enjoy the best cheese in Italy.
D. People can be impressed by its galleries and museums.
18. What is special about Basilicata
A. It attracts food lovers.
B. It is a less visited historic place.
C. It was once attacked by Italian.
D. It's fascinating to walk on the path.
B
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has greatly sped up how long it takes to sort, label and analyze(分析) animal sounds ---as well as to figure out which aspects of those sounds might carry meaning. One day we’ll be able to use AI to build a chat box that translates complex(复杂的) animal sounds into human language. Project CETI is just one organization working toward this goal
“Al could eventually get us to the point where we understand animals, but that’s hard to deal with and long-term,” says Karen Bakker, a researcher at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada, “Some species have been on the planet longer than humans. Some species could go extinct before we figure out their language,” Bakker adds. “Besides, the idea of walking around with an animal translator may seem cool, but many animals might not be interested in chatting.”
“Why would a bat want to speak to you ”, she asks, What interests her is what we can learn from how bats and other creatures talk amongst each other, “We should listen to nature and ask the animals’ requirements in order to better protect them.” she argues, For example, a system set up to record whales or elephants can also track their locations. This can help our boats avoid whales or protect elephants from poachers(偷猎者).
Protection is one goal driving Project CETI, “If we understand sperm whales better, we will be better at understanding what’s troubling them,” says Ga per Begu , a linguist at the University of California, Berkeley, Learning that a species has something very similar to language or culture could also inspire people to work harder to protect it.
When we protect an animal that has some version of language or culture, we’re not simply protecting nature and we’re also saving a way of life. Marine biologist Denise Herzing says that animals are supposed to have a healthy environment so that their cultures can develop well.
19. What can we infer from Paragraph 1
A. We can tell the complex animal behavior.
B. We will find ways to talk with animals.
C. We can share our language with animals.
D. We need conduct more research on animals.
20. Bakker thinks that understanding animals’ language fully is ________.
A.difficult. B. costly. C. harmful. D. worthless
21. How can we protect the animals effectively according to Paragraph 3
A. By learning about their needs.
B. By setting up shelters for them.
C. By mapping out their locations.
D. By living peacefully with them.
22. Which statement does Herzing probably agree with
A. Animals’ culture should be given up.
B. Saving nature means saving ourselves.
C. Short-term and long-term goals need to be set.
D. Animals should be in a healthy natural world.
C
An injured hiker was rescued earlier this month after a train passenger spotted her from the window. She was crazily waving on the other side of a river, having just spent two days trapped in the wilderness with a broken leg.
The rider told the train crew, who then reported it to the train inspector, Henry Smith, who was in a motor car behind them. Henry was able to stop and communicate with the woman on the opposite bank of the river, which was freezing cold and moving quickly.
The hiker, a woman in her twenties, had been missing for two days. She said she’d intended to go on a day hike, but ended up falling 90 feet down a cliff face while trying to take pictures. She reportedly told rescuers that she lost consciousness for an unknown amount of time. Despite a badly broken leg, she struggled to pull herself to the bank of the river to try to flag down trains. She had no emergency supplies with her, or suitable clothing to spend the night outdoors. There had been a cold attack while the woman was trapped in the wilderness. The hiker described spending daylight hours trying to get the attention of passing trains and, at night, would roll herself into a nearby cliff face in an attempt to stay warm.
Henry called to request help for search and rescue. The operator who received the emergency call said the hiker’s family had been looking for her. While they were waiting for the rescue team, Nick and Kylah, an engineer and a fireman on the next train passing by the location, came to help. 327 passengers on the train waited on the track as they crossed the river to examine the woman’s injuries and bring emergency supplies, blankets and a radio for communication. Eventually, a helicopter was sent to locate and rescue the hiker and she was transported safely to the hospital.
23. Who first noticed the injured hiker
A. A train rider. B. Henry Smith. C. The train crew. D. Nick and Kylah.
24. What do we know about the woman hiker
A. She fell down the cliff face accidentally.
B. She spent day and night waving for help.
C. She had planned a two-day hike schedule.
D. She always stayed conscious in the wildernes
25. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. The hiker's family had been against her going hiking.
B. Henry sent a helicopter to locate and rescue the hiker.
C. Nick and Kylah were sent by the police to the rescue.
D. People on the next train also contributed to thee work.
26. Which of following words best describe the hiker
A. Energetic and generous.
B. Responsible and admirable.
C. Perseverant and humorous.
D. Adaptable and strong-willed
D
The increase in primate(灵长类动物) ecotourism is causing stress-related behaviors in monkeys, according to a new study.
The study, led by the University of Portsmouth, looked at the impact of a single engine motor boat approaching a community of proboscis monkeys(长鼻猴). Those monkeys are unusual with their very long noses, which makes them appealing to tourists. And many of the boats carrying the tourists approach the primates quickly and loudly, often reaching the river banks just a few meters away from the wildlife.
The researchers conducted the experiment by approaching the monkeys in a motor boat with different speeds and travel distances ---fast-close(approaching the monkeys for 10 seconds when 40 meters away at a speed of 14.4km/hr), slow-close(approaching the monkey for 40 seconds when 40 meters away at a speed of 3.6 km/hr), and slow-far conditions(approaching the monkeys for 20 seconds when 100 meters away, at a speed of 3.6 km/hr).
The results showed that the monkeys displayed stress-related behaviors for longer in the fast-close and slow-close conditions and also reduced feeding as a result of the boat approaching in the fast-close condition. Once the boat started to approach, the proboscis monkeys showed repeated scratching(挠) and often moved quickly backwards to hide in the trees. This could potentially cause the monkeys to leave their safe sleeping sites and to go deep into the forest as it gets dark, where they could face a higher risk of predation (捕食行为). “Collectively, our findings suggest that the approach of a single motor boat led to stress in proboscis monkeys when they were approached as closely as 60 meters from the other side of the river, regardless of the speed of approach,” said Dr Marina Davila-Ross, lead author of the study.
The researchers thus propose that guidelines for primate tourism in the river side areas should include an approach speed of no more than 4 km/hr within 100 meters of the proboscis monkeys. They suggest it is also important to keep a distance preferably no closer than 60 meters away from the monkeys.“Such information might be helpful for tourists, allowing them to modify(修改) their behaviors when visiting the primates and when encouraging guides to follow the guidelines,” Dr Davila-Ross added.
27. What did the researchers’ experiment show about proboscis monkeys
A. They found the slow-close condition most stressfull.
B. They tended to go hunting when faced with danger.
C. They lost their sense of safety at the sound of motorboats.
D. They lost their way very easily at the sight of motorboats
28. What do the researchers advise tourists to do
A. To approach proboscis monkeys less frequently.
B. To avoid getting too close to proboscis monkeys.
C. To ask guides for more information about proboscis monkeys.
D. To behave themselves while trying to feed proboscis monkeys.
29. Which of the following may be the writer’s attitude towards primate ecotourism
A.Concerns. B.Confidence. C. Disapproval. D. Disinterest..
30. What can be the best title ofthe text
A. Primate Ecotourism: a better understanding of primates
B. Primate Ecotourism: getting close to the primates
C. Primate Ecotourism: the conservation of primates
D. Primate Ecotourism: a negative effect on primate behavior
第二部分七选五(5小题，满分12.5分)
The benefits of cooking games for children
Various cooking games for children that are available online are more than just a fun pastime activity. 31 Here are some information on how encouraging children to play online cooking games may educate them and contribute to their sense of independence and freedom.
32 Free online cooking games encourage kids to try new things and think outside the box by letting them experiment with ingredients, recipes, and preparation methods. Such games can help kids develop a growth mindset, creativity, and the freedom to make their own choices .
Online cooking games promote math and reading skills. The act of cooking, whether virtual or in the real world, requires a lot of counting and measuring, which promotes the development of fundamental mathematical abilities. Additionally, many free cooking games online require kids to read the recipes or lists of ingredients and then follow the directions. 33
Cooking games boost confidence and independence. When kids finish a task actively, they feel good about themselves and proud of what they’ve done. For example, some creative games allow kids to experiment with a chef’s role. 34 When kids have trust in their own skills, they are more likely to grow up with a feeling of confidence, responsibility, and independence.
Cooking games improve social skills. Playing multiplayer games allows children to interact with others, solve problems in cooperation, and so on. 35 Online games can help them develop self-esteem and practice their communication skills, so they eventually feel more confident making friends in real life.
A. Cooking games enhance creativity.
B. Cooking games stimulate children’s interest.
C. So it’s advisable to play such online games with your friends
D. Thus kids can be taught to read and improve their vocabulary.
E. Kids can master their cooking skills in the world of imagination.
F. They provide a number of developmental and educational benefits as well.
G. This is especially convenient for those kids lacking interpersonal skills in the real world.
三、完形填空(15小题，满分15分)
Katie Whetsell has been enjoying Disney movies from an early age and would often watch them with her mom, Karen. Confident about herself, Katie knew she 36 would be a performer in the future.
When Katie was nine years old, her family were shocked by an unexpected 37 . Katie’s mother was diagnosed (诊断) with cancer. When the doctor told the Whetsell family that Karen’s disease was serious, and that she was 38 to get well again, they made a(n) 39 . Disney World had been a longtime dream for Karen. So the family headed to Disney World for a trip that none of them would ever 40 .
While they were watching a light show, a performer put her hands on Karen’s shoulder. They exchanged smiles and, to this day, Katie still remembers how 41 her mom looked. This was the day Katie decided she wanted to 42 for Disney. Sadly, Katie’s mom Karen lost her 43 . Her family members 44 her every day and often think of that Disney vacation.
Katie went on to pursue (追求) performing for a living. She 45 for years,working as a waitress and trying to make it as a(n) 46 . Her effort finally 47 when she was hired as a performer in Disney.
Katie says she could help other families get away from the 48 in their lives, whether it’s a battle with cancer or simply helping adults feel like kids again. “Everything we do at the parks 49 . We give people an opportunity to 50 with their childhood.”
36. A. fortunately B. surely C. normally D. hardly
37. A. proposal B. target C. turning point D. detail
38. A.unnecessary B. unusual C. unwise D. unlikely
39. A.decision B. rule C. judgment D. option
40. A. expect B. imagine C.enjoy D. forget
41. A. surprised B. delighted C. calm D. brave
42. A. answer B. wait C. rate D. work
43. A. battle B. confidence C. balance D. anger
44. A. concern B. encourage C. remember D. comfort
45.A. struggled B. rented C. survived D. pressed
46. A. director B. performer C. star D. operator
47. A. paid for B. paid of f C. paid out D. paid back
48. A. tension B. failure C. suffering D. loss
49. A. makes a difference B. sets an example
C. keeps a record D. reaches an agreement
50. A. agree B. compare C. live D. Reconnect
四.补全语篇(在方框内选择合适的词汇11选10;共10空，满分20分)
Urban Trees Are Threatened by Climate Change
A. replace B. warmer C. extremes D. experiencing E. decreasing
F. basis G. survive H. reserved I. judge J. cover K. continued
By 2050, about three-quarters of the species will be at risk as a result of climate change, a study has found. Critics around the world may need to start planting different types of trees and shrubs that can tolerate 51______ and drier conditions.
“By ‘at risk’, we mean these species might be 52______ stressful climatic conditions” says Manuel Esperon-Rodriguez at Western Sydney University in Australia, “Those trees are likely to die.”
City trees have many benefits, from making urban spaces look beautiful and providing a refuge for wildlife to keeping places up to 12°C cooler than they would otherwise be in summer. Losing tree 53______ would lead to cities becoming even hotter as the planet heats up.
To 54______ the threat, Esperon Rodriguez and his colleagues used database called the Global Urban Tree Inventory to work out the conditions required by 3100 tree and shrub species currently grown in 164 cities worldwide. The researchers then looked at how these conditions would be affected by climate change under medium-emissions scenario known as RCP6.0.
By 2050, 76 percent of these species will be at risk from rising temperatures and 70 percent from 55______ rainfall, the team concludes.
The study doesn't consider 56______ urban growth, which could warm cities even faster. Nor does it consider greater weather 57______ caused by climate change, or the effects of pests and diseases. Warmer conditions are allowing more pests, such as bark beetles, to 58______ winters as well as to reproduce faster in summer, greatly increasing their impact.
“Our estimates(评估) have scientific 59______,” says Esperon-Rodriguez. There are some things that can be done to help trees face the climate change effectively. The best strategy is to choose tough species to 60______ relatively delicate trees or planting new ones, the team concludes.
五，语法填空(10空，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Every April, people of the Dai ethnic group in Yunnan Province celebrate their biggest festival of the year---the Water Splashing Festival(泼水节). This marks the official New Year celebration for the Dai people 61 live in China, mainly in Xishuangbanna and Dehong of Yunnan. 62 (general) starts in mid-April and lasts for three days.
On the first two days of the festival, people clean their houses, have their haircut, and take baths.A 63 (vary) of activities are also staged. Many send 64 (burn) lanterns into the air, dance in the streets, 65 watch colorful dragon boat races on the Lancang River. The third day of the festival marks the first day of the New Year on the Dai calendar. In the morning, people often visit a temple 66 (hold) a ceremony. After that, the mass water splashing 67 (begin). people use anything at hand to splash water on each other, from friends and neighbors to 68 (stranger) in the streets, as 69 expression of their wishes for good luck and prosperity for whoever is on the receiving end.
The Water Splashing Festival of the Dai people 70 (include) in China's National List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2006.
六、词汇(10小题，满分10分)
71.The goverenment is pressing for an early r__________(解决)to the problem.
72.He was a little __________(breath) and his heartbeat was fast.
73.The company must reduce costs to compete e__________(有效的).
74.I was r__________(放松,宽慰) to find that my problems were due to a genuine disorder.
75.They had a large __________(major) over their nearest competitors.
76. He would have played but for a knee i__________(受伤).
77. I have left most of the organization of these conferences to my __________(assist).
78. Such tapes are __________(scientific) designed to help you reset your brain and calm down.
79. Their military c__________(能力) has gone down because their air force has proved not to be a good force.
80.Long hours of reading set the stage of his being a f__________(小说家).
七、书信写作(25分)
81.假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信说他寒假痴迷于刷短视频(shortvideos)，对学习失去了兴趣，感到很苦恼。请你给他写一封邮件，
内容包括:1.理解和安慰;2.你的建议;3.表达祝愿。
注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Peter,
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely.
Li Hua大鹏高一英语二段考答案详解：
单项选择
1．D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们在困难面前表现出极大的毅力。A. insurance保险；B. atmosphere气氛；C. misadventure厄运；D. perseverance毅力，韧性。根据前后文可知，他们在困难面前表现出毅力。故选D。
2．C
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：约翰很可靠，如果他答应做什么事，他一定会做的。A. independent独立的；B. confident自信的；C. reliable可信赖的，可靠的；D. flexible灵活的。根据后句“if he promises to do something he'll do it.”可知，他是“可靠的，可信赖的”。故选C。
3．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了克服缺乏受过训练的医务人员，已从海外聘请10名医生。A. majority大多数；B. storage存储；C. shortage短缺；D. minority少数。根据“10 doctors have been employed from overseas”可知，受过训练的医务人员是短缺的，故选C。
4．C
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个智能步行房屋能够利用GPS技术前往不同的地方，计算技术控制它的“腿”。A. frank坦白的；B. generous慷慨的；C. capable有能力的；D. temporary短暂的。根据下文“using GPS technology to travel to different places(利用GPS技术前往不同的地方)”可推理出空白处应填表示“有能力的”含义的形容词，故选C项。
5．D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：通常，一个好的商业顾问可以提出实用的策略来挽救一家濒临倒闭的公司。A. jokes笑话；B. difficulties困难；C. factors因素；D. strategies策略。根据“to save a failing company.”可知，用实用的策略来挽救一家濒临倒闭的公司。故选D。
6．D
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一名职业母亲，我希望有灵活的工作时间，这样我就可以照顾我的孩子和家人。A. generous大方的；慷慨的；B. shallow浅的；C. emergent紧急的；D. flexible灵活的。根据下文“so that I can look after my children and family.(这样我就可以照顾我的孩子和家人)”可推理出空白处应填表示“灵活的”含义的形容词，故选D项。
7．A
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些传播虚假新闻的人应该遭到谴责。A. circulate 传播，散布； B. stage 筹划，举办； C. stress 强调；D. extend 延申，扩展。由句意可知，主语those指代的这类人应该被谴责，who引导的定语从句补充说明这些人所做的应该被谴责的事情。circulate false news意思是“散布虚假新闻”，符合语境。故选A。
8．D
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们说18岁标志着我们人生的新篇章，我们应该变得更加独立。A. influential有影响力的；B. convincing令人信服的；C. emotional情感的；D. independent独立的。分析句意可知，18岁应该是变得更加“独立”，所以此处用形容词independent作表语表示“独立的”。故选D项。
9．A
【详解】考查名词和动词词义辨析。句意：世界各地越来越多的教具正在被发展，这能确保使课堂教学更有趣和充满活力。A.aids辅助；help帮助； B.assistance帮助；help帮助； C. aids辅助；assist帮助（后面跟介词in）；D. helps帮助；aid辅助。“教具”是teaching aid，“帮助做某事”是help to do。故选A。
10．B
11．A
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：他全神贯注地看书，没有注意到我的到来。短语be absorbed in，意为“全神贯注于， 专心致志于”，本句已有谓语，所以用过去分词作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故选A。
12．A
【详解】考查语态。句意：过去几年，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。根据In the past few years可知用完成时；take place是不及物动词动词，无被动语态。故选A。
13．B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你很难想象我在处理上周会议上提到的问题时遇到了多大的麻烦。第一空是固定搭配have trouble (in) doing sth.“做某事有麻烦”，应用动名词形式作宾语；第二空作problems的后置定语，动词短语refer to与problems是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词形式，表被动、完成；第三空作meeting的后置定语，动词hold与meeting是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词，表被动、完成。故选B。
14．B
【详解】考查非谓语。句意：龙岗儿童乐园位于盐龙大道与爱新路交汇处北侧，占地面积约32万平方米，由动力游乐部分、非动力游乐部分和游乐部分三部分组成。空处为非谓语动词，be located in“位于”为固定短语，本句为过去分词作状语。第二个空也为非谓语动词，Longgang Children’s Park 一consist of为主动关系，用现在分词作定语。故选B项。
15．A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我们看到一位打扮成公主的女士坐在工作室里时，我们简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。a lady和dress之间是动宾关系，所以应用过去分词作后置定语。dress sb. up意为“装扮”，但不能说一个正在装扮成公主的女士，所以B项可排除。“see+宾语+宾补”为固定结构，第二个空作宾补。seat“使就座”为及物动词，sit“坐”为不及物动词。逻辑主语a lady和seat之间是动宾关系，和sit之间是主谓关系，所以此空可用seated或sitting。故选A。
阅读理解
16．A 17．D 18．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了意大利一些不太为人所知的地区，为读者提供了关于这些地区的特点、风景、美食和历史等方面的信息，旨在吸引读者对这些地区的兴趣，并鼓励他们去探索这些地方。
61．细节理解题。根据文章Cilento部分中的“You’ll find many hundred-year-old people living here thanks to their healthy diet.(你会发现许多百岁老人因为他们健康的饮食而生活在这里。)”可知，Cilento地区的人们因为健康的饮食而长寿，有很多百岁老人居住在这里。因此， Cilento是拥有许多长寿人的地区。故选A。
17．细节理解题。根据文章Umbria部分中的“Landlocked Umbria is a truly corner of Italy and is a feast for the senses with its museums, galleries, Romanesque churches and cathedrals. Wander through the narrow streets of historic Perugia, take a guided tour of the impressive Etruscan caves at Orvieto, or admire the frescoes (湿壁画) of the Basilica di San Francesco and the tomb of St. Francis of Assisi.( 内陆的翁布里亚是意大利真正的一个角落，是一个感官盛宴，拥有博物馆、画廊、罗马式教堂和大教堂。在历史悠久的佩鲁贾的狭窄街道上漫步，在奥维耶托参观令人印象深刻的伊特鲁里亚洞穴，或者欣赏圣弗朗西斯科大教堂的湿壁画和圣方济各·亚西西的陵墓。)”可知，Umbria地区有博物馆、画廊、罗马式教堂和大教堂，因此Umbria的画廊和博物馆会给人们留下了深刻印象。故选D。
18．细节理解题。根据文章Basilicata部分中的“As a region that remains relatively unexplored, it is a fascinating corner off the beaten path that is attractive for its historical presence.(作为一个相对未被开发的地区，它是一个迷人的角落，远离人迹罕至的道路，以其历史的存在而吸引人。)”可知，Basilicata是一个历史悠久但游客较少的地方。故选B。
19．B 20．A 21．A 22．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人工智能可能会找到人类与动物交谈的方法。但是专家表示我们应该了解动物的需求来有效地保护动物。
19．推理判断题。文章第一段讲到“One day we’ll be able to use AI to build a chat box that translates complex(复杂的) animal sounds into human language. (有一天我们将能够使用AI构建一个聊天框，将复杂的动物声音翻译成人类语言。)”可知，从第一段我们可以推断出我们将找到与动物交谈的方法。故选B。
20．细节理解题。文章第二段讲到“I could eventually get us to the point where we understand animals, but that’s hard to deal with and long-term (人工智能最终可能会让我们了解动物，但这是很难处理和长期的)”可知，Bakke认为完全理解动物的语言是很难的。故选A。
21．细节理解题。文章第三段讲到“We should listen to nature and ask the animals’ requirements in order to better protect them (我们应该倾听大自然的声音，询问动物的需求，以便更好地保护它们)”可知，我们通过了解他们的需求来有效地保护动物。故选A。
22．推理判断题。文章最后一段讲到“Marine biologist Denise Herzing says that animals are supposed to have a healthy environment so that their cultures can develop well (海洋生物学家Denise Herzing表示，动物应该有一个健康的环境，这样它们的文化才能健康发展)”可知，Herzing认为动物应该生活在健康的自然世界里。故选D。
23．A 24．A 25．D 26．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述一名受伤的徒步旅行者被一名火车乘客从窗口发现后获救。
23．细节理解题。根据第一段“An injured hiker was rescued earlier this month after a train passenger spotted her from the window.(本月早些时候，一名受伤的徒步旅行者被一名火车乘客从窗口发现后获救。)”和第二段“The rider told the train crew, who then reported it to the train inspector, Henry Smith, who was in a motor car behind them.(这名乘客告诉了列车员，列车员随后向坐在他们后面一辆汽车里的列车员亨利·史密斯报告了这件事。)”可知，火车乘客首先注意到受伤的徒步旅行者。故选A。
24．细节理解题。根据第三段“She said she’d intended to go on a day hike, but ended up falling 90 feet down a cliff face while trying to take pictures. (她说，她原本打算进行一天的徒步旅行，但在试图拍照时从90英尺高的悬崖上掉了下来。)”可知，女徒步旅行者不小心从悬崖上掉了下来。故选A。
25．推理判断题。根据最后一段“While they were waiting for the rescue team, Nick and Kylah, an engineer and a fireman on the next train passing by the location, came to help. 327 passengers on the train waited on the track as they crossed the river to examine the woman’s injuries and bring emergency supplies, blankets and a radio for communication. (当他们在等待救援队的时候，尼克和凯拉，一名工程师和一名消防员，在经过这个地点的下一辆火车上，过来帮忙。火车上的327名乘客在铁轨上等待，他们过河检查该女子的伤势，并带上应急用品、毯子和一台无线电通信设备。)”可推断，下一班火车上的人也为救援工作做出了贡献。故选D。
26．推理判断题。根据第三段“Despite a badly broken leg, she struggled to pull herself to the bank of the river to try to flag down trains. She had no emergency supplies with her, or suitable clothing to spend the night outdoors. There had been a cold attack while the woman was trapped in the wilderness. The hiker described spending daylight hours trying to get the attention of passing trains and, at night, would roll herself into a nearby cliff face in an attempt to stay warm. (尽管她的腿严重骨折，她还是挣扎着把自己拉到河岸，试图让火车停下。她身上没有应急用品，也没有适合在户外过夜的衣服。当那个女人被困在荒野时，有一场寒冷袭击。这位徒步旅行者描述说，白天的时候，她会试图引起过往火车的注意，晚上，她会把自己滚到附近的悬崖上，以保持温暖。)”可推断，这位女徒步旅行者适应能力强，并且意志坚强。故选D。
27．C 27．B 29．A 30．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文，新的研究表明，灵长类动物生态旅游的增加会导致长鼻猴的压力应激行为。
27．推理判断题。根据第四段中“The results showed that the monkeys displayed stress-related behaviors for longer in the fast-close and slow-close conditions and also reduced feeding as a result of the boat approaching in the fast-close condition. Once the boat started to approach, the proboscis monkeys showed repeated scratching ( 挠 ) and often moved quickly backwards to hide in the trees.This could potentially cause the monkeys to leave their safe sleeping sites and to go deep into the forest as it gets dark, where they could face a higher risk of predation (捕食行为).(结果表明，在快近和慢近条件下，猴子表现出与压力相关的行为的时间更长，并且在快近条件下，由于船只接近而减少进食。一旦船开始靠近，长鼻猴就会反复抓挠，并经常迅速后退，躲到树上。这可能会导致猴子在天黑时离开它们安全的睡觉地点，进入森林深处，在那里它们可能面临更高的捕食风险。)”可知，摩托艇的声音会使长鼻猴丧失安全感，故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“They suggest it is also important to keep a distance, preferably no closer than 60 meters away, from the monkeys.(他们建议，与猴子保持距离也很重要，最好不超过60米)”可知，研究者们建议游客要避免距离长鼻猴太近，故选B。
29．推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第四段中“This could potentially cause the monkeys to leave their safe sleeping sites and to go deep into the forest as it gets dark, where they could face a higher risk of predation (捕食行为).(这可能会导致猴子在天黑时离开它们安全的睡觉地点，进入森林深处，在那里它们可能面临更高的被捕食风险)”和第五段中“our findings suggest that the approach of a single motor boat led to stress in proboscis monkeys when they were approached as closely as 60 meters from the other side of the river, regardless of the speed of approach(我们的研究结果表明，当一艘摩托艇接近长鼻猴时，无论其接近的速度如何，它们在距离河对岸60米的地方都会感到压力)”可知，作者客观描述该研究，担忧灵长类动物生态旅游给长鼻猴带来的压力，故选A。
30．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“The increase in primate (灵长类动物) ecotourism is causing stress-related behaviors in monkeys, according to a new study.(根据一项新的研究，灵长类动物生态旅游的增加正在导致猴子的压力相关行为)”可知，本文主要介绍了灵长类动物生态旅游的增加对于长鼻猴的负面影响，D项“灵长类动物生态旅游：对灵长类动物行为的负面影响”为最佳标题，故选D。
31．F 32．A 33．D 34．E 35．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了网络儿童烹饪游戏对于儿童的发展和教育方面的一些好处。
31．前文“Various cooking games for children that are available online are more than just a fun pastime activity.（网上提供的各种儿童烹饪游戏不仅仅是一种有趣的消遣活动。）”提出网络儿童烹饪游戏不仅是消遣活动，后文“Here are some information on how encouraging children to play online cooking games may educate them and contribute to their sense of independence and freedom.（这里有一些关于如何鼓励孩子玩在线烹饪游戏可以教育他们，并有助于他们的独立和自由感的信息。）”说明在线烹饪游戏有教育、培养独立自由感的功能，F项“They provide a number of developmental and educational benefits as well.（它们也提供了许多发展和教育上的好处。）”符合语境，说明网络烹饪游戏有发展和教育上的好处，承上启下，从前文的消遣功能延伸到发展和教育功能，引出后文具体的功能说明，其中的They指代前文的Various cooking games for children that are available online。故选F。
32．空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，需统领段落内容。后文“Free online cooking games encourage kids to try new things and think outside the box by letting them experiment with ingredients, recipes, and preparation methods. Such games can help kids develop a growth mindset, creativity, and the freedom to make their own choices.（免费的在线烹饪游戏鼓励孩子们尝试新事物，并通过让他们尝试食材、食谱和准备方法来跳出常规思维。这样的游戏可以帮助孩子们培养成长的心态、创造力和做出自己选择的自由。）”具体说明在线烹饪游戏让孩子跳出常规思维，培养他们的创造力和自由，A项“Cooking games enhance creativity.（烹饪游戏可以提高创造力。）”符合语境，点明烹饪游戏在创造力上的功能，可以统领后文。故选A。
33．段落主旨句“Online cooking games promote math and reading skills.（在线烹饪游戏可以提高数学和阅读能力。）”点明烹饪游戏在数学和阅读能力上的功能，前文“Additionally, many free cooking games online require kids to read the recipes or lists of ingredients and then follow the directions.（此外，许多免费的在线烹饪游戏要求孩子们阅读食谱或配料表，然后按照指示操作。）”具体描述烹饪游戏对孩子阅读方面的要求，D项“Thus kids can be taught to read and improve their vocabulary.（因此，孩子们可以被教导阅读和提高他们的词汇量。）”符合语境，总结孩子可以在阅读上获益，是前文阅读方面的要求的好处，呼应段落主旨句中的promote reading skills。故选D。
34．前文“For example, some creative games allow kids to experiment with a chef’s role.（例如，一些创意游戏允许孩子们尝试扮演厨师的角色。）”引出孩子扮演厨师的角色，后文“When kids have trust in their own skills, they are more likely to grow up with a feeling of confidence, responsibility, and independence.（当孩子们对自己的技能有信心时，他们更有可能带着自信、责任和独立的感觉长大。）”总结孩子对技能有信心的好处，E项“Kids can master their cooking skills in the world of imagination.（孩子们可以在想象的世界里掌握自己的烹饪技巧。）”符合语境，说明孩子可以掌握烹饪技巧，承上启下，承接前文扮演厨师的角色，引出后文掌握技巧后的好处，其中的skills和后文的skills是同词复现。故选E。
35．前文“Playing multiplayer games allows children to interact with others, solve problems in cooperation, and so on.（玩多人游戏可以让孩子与他人互动，合作解决问题，等等。）”说明多人烹饪游戏中的社交活动，后文“Online games can help them develop self-esteem and practice their communication skills, so they eventually feel more confident making friends in real life.（网络游戏可以帮助他们培养自尊，锻炼他们的沟通技巧，所以他们最终会在现实生活中更自信地交朋友。）”总结网络游戏带来的社交上的好处，G项“This is especially convenient for those kids lacking interpersonal skills in the real world.（这对那些在现实世界中缺乏人际交往能力的孩子来说尤其方便。）”符合语境，强调对缺乏人际交往能力的孩子更有益，承上启下，其中的This指代前文的to interact with others, solve problems in cooperation, and so on，后文的them指其中的those kids lacking interpersonal skills in the real world。故选G。
36．B 37．C 38．D 39．A 40．D 41．B 42．D 43．A 44．C 45．A 46．B 47．B 48．C 49．A 50．D
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Katie Whetsell从小梦想成为迪斯尼乐园的表演者，陪同身患绝症的妈妈一起去迪斯尼乐园的旅行坚定了她要为迪斯尼工作，并给人们带来快乐的决心，奋斗数年，终成现实的故事。
36．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Katie对自己很有信心，她知道自己将来一定会成为一名表演者。A. fortunately幸运地；B. surely确定地；C. normally正常地；D. hardly几乎不。根据前文“Confident about herself”可知，Katie很有信心，所以确信自己一定能成功。故选B项。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当Katie九岁的时候，她的家人被一个意想不到的变故震惊了。A. proposal方案；B. target目标；C. turn转变，变化；D. detail细节。根据后文“Katie’s mother was diagnosed(诊断）with cancer.”可知，妈妈得了癌症，所以对家人来说，是大的变故。故选C项。
38．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当医生告诉Whetsell一家Karen的病很严重，她不可能再好起来时，他们做出了一个决定。A. unnecessary不必要的；B. unusual不寻常的；C. unwise不明智的；D. unlikely不可能的。根据前文“the doctor told the Whetsell family that Karen's disease was serious”可知，她不可能好转了。故选D项。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当医生告诉Whetsell一家Karen的病很严重，她不可能再好起来时，他们做出了一个决定。A. decision决定；B. rule规则；C. judgment判断；D. option选择。根据后文“Disney World had been a longtime dream for Karen. So the family headed to Disney World for a trip that none of them would ever 5 .”，可知，他们做出了去迪斯尼乐园旅行的决定。故选A项。
40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，他们一家前往迪斯尼乐园进行一次他们都不会忘记的旅行。A. expect期望；B. imagine想象；C. enjoy喜欢，欣赏；D. forget忘记。根据前文“Karen's disease was serious”和“Disney World had been a longtime dream for Karen.”可知，妈妈病得很严重，为了实现她的梦想，大家去迪斯尼乐园是为了进行一次值得留念的旅行，即不会忘记的旅行。故选D项。
41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们交换了微笑，直到今天，Katie仍然记得她妈妈看起来是多么高兴。A. surprised吃惊的；B. delighted高兴的；C. calm冷静的；D. brave勇敢的。根据前文“They exchanged smiles”可知，妈妈看起来很高兴。故选B项。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那天Katie决定要为迪斯尼工作。A. answer回答；B.wait等待；C. rate估价；D. work工作。根据前文“Confident about herself, Katie knew she 1 would be a performer in the future.”以及“They exchanged smiles and, to this day, Katie still remembers how 6 her mom looked.”可知，Katie原本就有要做迪斯尼乐园表演者的想法，当看到迪斯尼表演者给妈妈带来微笑的时候，便决心要为迪斯尼工作。故选D项。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：可悲的是，Katie的妈妈Karen输了。A. battle战斗；B. confidence信心；C. balance平衡；D. anger愤怒。根据后文“Her family members 9 her every day and often think of that Disney vacation.”可以推知，妈妈去世了，所以说，妈妈输掉了对病魔的战斗（抗争）。后文“a battle with cancer”可以验证。故选A项。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的家人每天都想念她，经常想起那次迪斯尼度假。A. concern担心；B. encourage鼓励；C. remember记住，想起；D. comfort安慰。根据语境以及后文“often think of that Disney vacation”可知，她的家人都想念她。故选C项。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她奋斗了好几年，当了一名女招待，并试图成为一名表演者。A. struggled斗争，奋斗；B. rented租用；C. survived生存；D. pressed按压。根据前文“Katie went on to pursue(追求）performing for a living.”和后文“working as a waitress and trying to make it”信息可知，她努力拼搏，奋斗了好几年。故选A项。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她当了一名女招待，奋斗了好几年，并努力成为一名表演者。A. director导演；B. performer表演者；C. star明星；D. operator操作员。根据前文“Katie went on to pursue(追求）performing for a living.”以及后文“Her effort finally 12 when she was hired as a performer in Disney.”可知，她努力成为一名表演者。故选B项。
47．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当她被聘为迪斯尼的表演者时，她的努力终于得到了回报。A. paid for为……付款；B. paid off取得成功，得到好结果；C. paidout付出；D. paid back偿还。根据后文“when she was hired as a performer in Disney”可知，她成功了，所以说，她的努力得到好结果。故选B项。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Katie说，她可以帮助其他家庭摆脱生活中的痛苦，无论是与癌症作斗争，还是仅仅帮助成年人重新感觉自己是孩子。A. tension紧张；B. failure失败；C. suffering苦难；D. loss损失。根据后文“whether it's a battle with cancer or …”可知，此处指生活中的“苦难”。故选C项。
49．考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：我们在公园里做的每一件事都很有意义。A.make a difference有影响，有作用；B. sets anexample树立榜样；C. keeps a record保持记录；D. reaches an agreement达成协议。根据前文“Katie says she could help other families get away from the in their lives, whether it's a battle with cancer or simply helping adults feel like kids again.”以及后文“We give people an opportunity to with their childhood.”可知，Katie指他们做的事情很有意义，有作用，make a difference意为“有影响，有作用”，符合句意。故选A项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们给了人们一个重温童年的机会。A. agree同意；B. compare比较；C. live居住；D. reconnect重新连接。根据前文“or simply helping adults feel like kids again”可知，此处指给人们“重温（重新连接）”童年的机会。故选D项。
十一选十
B 52. D 53. J 54. I 55. E
K 57. C 58. G 59. F 60. A
语法填空
61．who/that 62．generally 63．variety 64．burning 65．and 66．to hold 67．begins 68．strangers 69．an 70．was included
词汇
71.The goverenment is pressing for an early resolution(解决）to the problem.
72.He was a little __breathless__________(breath) and his heartbeat was fast.
73.The company must reduce costs to compete effectively(有效的）.
74.I was relieved(放松,宽慰）to find that my problems were due to a genuine disorder.
75.They had a large __majority________(major) over their nearest competitors.
76. He would have played but for a knee injury(受伤）.
77. I have left most of the organization of these conferences to my _assistant_________(assist).
78. Such tapes are __scientifically__________(scientific) designed to help you reset your brain and calm down.
79. Their military capacity/capability(能力）has gone down because their air force has proved not to be a good force.
80.Long hours of reading set the stage of his being a fictionist(小说家).
作文范文：
Dear Peter,
I’m sorry to hear that you are addicted to short videos and lack interest in learning. I’m writing to offer you some suggestions.
Short videos do have some benefits. We can relax ourselves, share good times, and cherish memories. However, in my opinion, firstly, you should strike a balance between leisure activities and learning. Only on the premise of self-control can we benefit from modern technologies rather than being slaves of them. Focus on study, and don’t waste too much time on distractions. Secondly, for other forms of relaxation, you can join your friends in playing various sports activities, such as running, cycling or playing basketball.
I hope my suggestions will be helpful for you.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Peter写封信，对他沉迷刷短视频表示理解，并提出建议、表达祝愿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：suggestion→advice
集中精力于：focus on→concentrate on
各种各样的：various→a variety of
有帮助：be helpful→be of help
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Secondly, for other forms of relaxation, you can join your friends in playing various sports activities, such as running, cycling or playing basketball.
拓展句：Secondly, for other forms of relaxation, you can join your friends in playing various sports activities, which include running, cycling or playing basketball.
【点睛】【高分句式1】I’m sorry to hear that you are addicted to short videos and lack interest in learning.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)
【高分句式2】Only on the premise of self-control can we benefit from modern technologies rather than being slaves of them.(运用了only+状语位于句首，句子使用部分倒装的句式)
答案第1页，共2页
答案第1页，共2页
