Unit 10 单元综合复习课件（人教版英语八年级下册Unit 10 I've had this bike for three years.）

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Unit 10 单元综合复习
人教版八年级下册
Content
词汇、短语回顾
01
重点句子回顾
02
重点词句精讲
03
语法知识精讲
04
单元话题写作
05
能力提升训练
06
目录
词汇、短语回顾
yard n. 院子
sweet adj. & n. 甜的，糖果-----candies（同义词）
memory n. 记忆，记忆力，回忆-----memories（复数）-----memorize v. 记住
cent n. 分，分币
toy n. 玩具-----toys（复数）
bear n. 熊
maker n. 生产者，制造者
重点词汇及词汇拓展
scarf n. 围巾，披巾，头巾------scarves/scarfs (pl.)
soft adj. 柔软的-----hard adj. 硬的(反义词)
check n. & v. 餐馆账单;检查
board n. 板子，甲板
junior adj. 地位低下的-----senior adj. 高级的(对应词)
clear adj. 清晰的，清澈的-----clearly adv. 清楚地
bedroom n. 卧室
own adj. 属于自己的-----owner n.主人
railway n. 铁路，铁道
part n. 部分，零部件
certain adj. 某一，确定的，无疑的-----certainly adv. 当然
honest adj. 诚实的，正直的-----honesty n. 诚实-----dishonest adj. 不诚实的 ------- honestlyadv.诚实地
while conj. 当...时候，一段时间，一会儿
truthful adj. 诚实的，真实的-----true adj. 正确的 -----truth n.事实
hometown n. 家乡，故乡
search v. 搜索，搜查
among prep. 在其中…之一
crayon n. 彩色铅笔
shame n. 羞耻------shameful adj. 羞愧的
regard n. & v. 致敬，问候;将…视为
count n. & v. 计算，计数;有价值-------countable adj. 可数的------uncountable adj. 不可数的
nowadays adv. 现今，现在，目前
century n. 世纪，百年
according adv. 依照，按照
opposite prep. &adj. 在…对面，与…相对;对面的
especially adv. 特别，尤其
childhood n. 孩童时期------child n. 小孩------children (pl.)
consider v. 仔细考虑，思考，注视，
hold v. 拥有，抓住
一、根据句意及汉语或首字母提示完成单词。
即讲即练
1.She likes to eat something　______(甜的).
2.—How much is the small toy
—It's only 80 ______ (美分).
3.The silk dress feels ______ (柔软的).
sweet
cents
soft
4.Our hometown has left many soft and sweet __________(记忆) in our hearts.
5.For ______(某种) reasons I can't go abroad with you in May, 2020.
6.—The b______ games are good for the children.
—I agree with you.
7.—Why not get your mother a s________ on her birthday
—That's a good idea.
certain
oard
carf
memories
8.Tom is such an h________ person that we all trust him.
9.—The air pollution is still terrible in North China.
—It will be even worse if we don't take action to protect the e___________ around us.
10.A new shopping centre will be built o________ the city hall.
onest
nvironment
pposite
a bit 有点儿
bring back sweet memories 唤起甜蜜的回忆
give away 赠送;捐赠
people in need 需要帮助的人
give up 放弃
no longer 不再;不复
for a while 一会儿
重点短语
clear out 清理;丢掉
check out 察看;观察
at first 起初;起先
grow up 长大;成熟;成长
as for 至于;关于
junior high school 初级中学
part with 放弃、交出(尤指不舍得的东西)
to be honest 说实在
one of the oldest buildings 最古老的建筑之一
concert hall 音乐厅
search for work 找工作
at least 至少;不少于;起码
millions of 大量
regard ... with great interest 兴趣浓厚地看待……
used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
according to 依据;按照
look for 寻找;寻求
close to 几乎;接近
a symbol of ... … …的标志
across from 在……对面
in one’s opinion 依……看
即讲即练
I have ________ this bike ______ three years.
2. 他卖掉了他不再需要的书。
He _______ out the books he ________ ________ needed.
3. 在你扔掉这些废物之前请查看他们。
Please _______ _______these waste things before you throw them away.
一、根据汉语提示完成句子。
had for
check out
sold no longer
4. 怀特夫妇正考虑去美国度假。
Mrs.White and Mr.White are ___________ ________ to the USA for vacation.
5．自从2018世界杯开赛以来，真正的球迷非常关注赛况。
True lovers of soccer have __________ 2018 FIFA World Cup with great ________.
considering going
regarded
interest
重点句子回顾
1. Have long have you had that bike over there 那边的那辆自行车你买了多久了？
2. Amy has had her favorite book for three years . 艾米拥有她最喜欢的书3年了。
3. He has owned it since his fourth birthday. 自他四岁生日起，他拥有这个东西了。
4. Some people still live in their hometown. However, others may only see it once or twice a year. 有些人依然住在家乡，然而，另一些人可能一年只能回家乡一两次。
5. As for me ,I did not want to give up my football shirts,but to be honest, I have not played for a while now. 至于我，我不想放弃我的足球衣，但是，说实在的，我现在已经有一段时间没有踢球了。
6. Have you ever thought about having a yard sale to sell your things 你是否曾经想过要举办一个庭院拍卖会来出售东西？
7. What would you do with the money you raise
你会怎样处理你所筹集到得钱？
重点词句精讲
1. maker用法
maker是名词，意为“生产者；制造者”，是由“动词make + 后缀-r”构成的。英语中，表示职业或身份的名词小结：
(1) 以-ist结尾的有：
pianist钢琴家 chemist化学家 violinist小提琴家
(2) 以-er，-r或-or结尾的有：
teacher教师 painter画家 writer作家 singer歌唱家
visitor参观者 actor演员 engineer工程师 inventor发明家
(3) 以-man结尾的有：
postman邮递员 policeman警察
businessman商人 spaceman宇航员
fisherman渔夫 dustman清洁工
(4) 以-ian结尾的有：
musician音乐家 politician政治家
2. certain用法
certain作形容词，意为“某种；某事；某人”。
例如：
He decided to sell his certain books.他决定卖掉他的某些书籍。
certain作形容词，还可意为“确定的；无疑的”，相当于sure，对应的副词为certainly。
【拓展】
certain常用于以下结构中：
be certain / sure of sth. 对某事有把握
be certain / sure to do sth. 肯定做某事
be certain / sure + that从句 确信…… 例如：
They are certain / sure of success. 他们有把握成功。
I’m certain / sure that he will come. 我确信他会成功的。
3. a 46-year-old husband and father
46-year-old是复合形容词，这种形容词有两个特点：一是词与词之间要用连字符连接；二是数词之后的名词用单数形式。
例如：a three-meter-long line一条三米长的绳子
【拓展】岁数的表达方式小结：
(1) 基数词 + years old。
例如：He is 8 years old. 他八岁了。
(2) 基础词-year-old。例如：
Lucy is an eighteen-year-old girl. Lucy是一位18岁的女孩。
(3) 名词 + of + 基础词。例如：
Tom is a boy of 18. Tom是一位18岁的男孩。
(4) at the age of + 基数词。例如：
She is at the age of 18. 她18岁了。
4. shame用法
shame是不可数名词，意为“羞耻；羞愧；惭愧”。可与不定冠词a连用，表示“可耻的人或事；可惜（遗憾）的事”。例如：
He felt no shame for what he had done.
他对自己所做过的事不感到羞愧。
It’s a shame that you can’t stay for dinner.
你不能留下吃晚饭，真遗憾。
【拓展】shame常见的短语有：
feel shame at…因……而感到羞愧
in shame羞愧地
have no shame无羞耻心
with shame羞愧地
to one’s shame令某人感到羞愧的是
bring shame on使丢脸
5. regard用法
regard作及物动词，意为“注视；注意；认作”。常用短语regard…as…意为“将……视为……；把……当作……”，as为介词，其后可接名词或代词。例如：
I regard you as my best friend. 我把你当作我最好的朋友。
We regard him as our brother. 我们把他当成兄弟看待。
6. opposite用法
(1) opposite作介词，意为“在……对面”，相当于across from，常与名词一起构成介词短语，表方位。例如：
They live opposite the bank. 他们住在银行对面。
(2) opposite作形容词，意为“另一边的；对面的；相反的”。例如：
We live on the opposite side of the road. 我们住在马路对面。
(3) opposite作副词，意为“在对面”。例如：
There’s an old man living opposite. 有一个老人住在对面。
(4) opposite作名词，意为“相反的人或物；对立面”，常与介词of一起使用。
例如：“Tall” is the opposite of “short”. “高”是“矮”的反义词。
7. consider用法
consider作动词，意为“考虑、认为”，它的后面跟名词、动名词或者从句作宾语。
Please consider my suggestion. 请考虑我的建议。
Why don’t you consider visiting Qing Dao？你为什么不考虑去青岛参观？
I consider that he is a selfish man. 我认为他是一个自私的人。
【拓展】
后接动名词作宾语的动词及短语可参考以下归纳：
完成，实践，值得，忙（finish, practice, be worth, be busy）；
考虑，建议，不禁，想（consider, suggest, can’t help, feel like）；
错过，习惯，（别）放弃（miss, be used to, give up）；
继续，喜欢，（要）介意（keep on, enjoy, mind）。
8. How long have you had that bike over there
how long意为“多长时间”，询问某一动作或状态持续了多久，故句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词或
表示状态的连系动词。例如：
How long do you watch TV 你看电视多长时间了？
How long can I keep the book 这本书我可以借多久？
【拓展】how long; how often; how soon的辨析
how long 表示“多长时间”，主要对时间段提问
例如：—How long is he staying 他打算待多久？
—He’s staying for a week. 他打算待一个星期。
how often 表示“多久一次”，主要对频率进行提问
例如：—How often do you watch TV 你多久看一次电视？
—Twice a week. 一周两次。
how soon 意为“还要多久”，多用在一般将来时中。
例如：—How soon will he be back 他要多久才回来？
—In an hour. 一小时以后。
9. Because I don’t read it any more.
not…any more意为“不再”。not常位于be动词、情态动词或助动词之后，any more常位于句末，相当于no more。no more常位于句中，放在be动词之后，实义动词之前，两者经常可以互换。例如：
He doesn’t live here any more. = He no more lives here.
他不再住在这里了。
【拓展】not…any longer或no longer。
二者的区别在于：
(1) not…any more = no more，表示数量或程度上的“不再”增加，通常修饰终止性动词。例如：
The baby isn’t crying any more. = The baby is no more crying.
这个婴儿不再哭了。
(2) no longer = not…any longer表示时间或距离上的“不再”延长，通常修饰延续性的动词。例如：
I can’t stand it any longer. 我对此再也不能忍受下去了。
10. Amy thinks it’s hard to sell her old things.
It is/was + adj. + to do sth. 意为“做某事是……的”，to do sth.为句子的真正的主语，而it为形式主语，形式主语不能用别的词来代替，句中可在形容词后加for sb.，意为“对于某人来说，做某事是……的”。例如：
It’s important for us to learn a foreign language.
对我们来说，学习一门外语是相当重要的。
It’s necessary for us to eat more fruit and vegetables.
对我们来说，多吃蔬菜和水果是必要的。
【拓展】这个句型中的for sb.有时也可以用of sb. 二者意义有区别：
(1) 在It’s + adj. + for sb. to do sth. 中，for sb.意为“对某人来说”，句中的形容词是用来说明to do sth.的，形式主语只能用it。例如：
It’s necessary for the students to do some housework.
对于学生们来说，做些家务是十分必要的。
(2) 在It’s + adj. + of sb. to do sth. 中of sb. 意为“某人……”，句中形容词可与逻辑主语sb. 构成系表结构，即形容词是用来说明或形容sb.（某人）的。例如：
It’s very kind of you to help us. 你能帮助我们真是太好了。
11. Jim has been inJapanfor three days.
(1) been是be动词的过去分词形式。
(2) have been in 是be in的现在完成时形式，一般与段时间状语连用。例如：He has been in hospital for two months. 他住院已经有两个月了。
【拓展】have been to; have been in 与have gone to
(1) “have/ has been to + 地点”表示“去过某地”，现在已经回来了。例如：I’ve been to Beijing twice. 我已去过北京两次。
(2) “have/has been in + 地点”表示“在某地待了一段时间”。例如：
He’s been in this school for two years. 他在这所学校待了两年了。
(3)“ have/has gone to + 地点”表示“到某事去了”，现在还没有回来，可能在去的途中，也可能在那里或返回的途中。例如：
— Where’s Wei Hua 魏华在哪里？
— She has gone to the zoo. 她到动物园去了。
12. But he also thinks some things will never change, and his hometown is still the place that holds all his childhood memories.
这是一个复合句，some things至句末为宾语从句，作thinks的宾语。在该宾语从句中包含由and连接的
两个分句，在第二个分句中，“that holds all his childhood memories”是定语从句，修饰先行词place。
关系代词that在定语从句中作主语。当定语从句的先行词指物时，关系代词可用that或which，当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，关系代词that或which也可省略。
例如：I like clothes that/which are unusual. 我喜欢与众不同的衣服。
Pass me the book(that/which) you bought for me yesterday. 把你昨天给我买的那本书递给我。
语法知识精讲
for与since都能与现在完成时连用，但区别较大：
（1）for后须接“时间段”
e.g. He has studied English for five years.他学英语5年了。
（2）since后须接“时间点”
e.g. He has studied English since 1999.他从1999年开始学英语。
for 和 since 在现在完成时中的应用
（3）二者可以转换 for + 一段时间 = since + 一段时间 + ago
e.g. He has been here for five weeks.
= He has been here since five weeks ago.
他到这儿已经有五个星期了。
（4）since能引导时间状语从句（主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时），而for则不能。
e.g. He has taught here since he came to China.
自从他来到中国就在这儿教书。
（5）现在完成时常用句型：
①It is (has been) +时间段+ since +时间状语或从句 e.g.
It is four days since last Friday.
从上周五到现在已经四天了。
It has been two years since Jim came to Beijing.
吉姆来北京已经两年了。
②This is the first (second…) time that + 从句
句型中的that从句通常使用现在完成时。
e.g. This is the first time that Jenny and Danny have been to China.这是珍妮和丹妮第一次来中国。
This is the third time that I have seen Karen.
这是我第三次见到凯伦。
（6）均须与延续性动词连用，也可以与非延
续性动词的否定式连用。e.g.
I have had this computer since four years ago.我从四年前就有了这台电脑。
I haven’t bought anything for two months.我已经两个月没买东西了。
I haven’t heard from him for 3 weeks. 我已经三个星期没有他的消息了。
（7）二者引出的时间状语往往用 how long提问。
e.g.
— How long have you had this book 这本书你买多久了
— For a week./Since a week ago. 买一周了。
单元话题写作
单元话题写作
单元写作目标
此单元主要围绕 “生活环境”这一话题谈论私人物品的来历、持有的时间及喜欢的原因等;或者谈论所居住的城市或家乡的特色建筑、周围环境及其变化,凸显现在与过去的对比,并适当对近年来的发展和变化表达自己的感受。
素材积累
开头句
1. My favorite thing from childhood is…/ The thing I like most from
childhood is…
2. I’ve had it for/since…
3. I got it from…/…gave it to me as a present on…
中间句
1. It’s special to me because…
2. In fact, I like…so much because…
3. It has special meaning to me because it makes me…
结尾句
1. …has given me many memories. I remember when…
2. …can always bring back many memories.
3. …has left many soft and sweet memories in my heart.
范例
从小到大,每个人都有陪伴自己成长的玩具。记忆中你最喜欢的玩具是什么 请你根据以下信息写一篇80词左右的英语短文，与我们分享它背后的故事。
审题
1. 文体:记叙文
2. 时态:一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时
3. 人称:第一、三人称
4. 要点提取:如何得到玩具、关于它的回忆以及它对你的特殊意义
My favorite thing from childhood is my teddy bear. I’ve had it since I was five years old. My grandmother gave it to me on my eighth birthday. I have had it for nearly seven years.
I like the teddy bear very much. It’s very lovely and it’s dressed in my favorite color. It’s special to me because my grandmother made it for me. When I see it, my heart is full of love and joy. I remember when I was young and I was scared at night, I held my teddy bear to feel safe.
The teddy bear has given me many good memories. I think I will keep it forever to remind me of my grandmother’s love.
能力提升训练
一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Jack can have this book for 75 _________ (cent).
2. Lucy has had these _________ (toy) since she was a baby.
3. In winter, people are warmly dressed in coats and ___________ (scarf).
4. The old pictures can bring back many od _________ (memory).
5. If you want to have healthy sleep, you can use an alarm with _____
(soft) and lower sounds.
cents
toys
scarfs/scarves
memories
softer
6. We all like to be with Tina because she is a _________ (truth) and kind girl.
7. It has been a year since we __________ (part) with each other last time.
8. My parents are really _______________ (understand) and they always encourage me to do what I love.
truthful
parted
understanding
二、根据括号内的要求完成下列各题，每空一词。
1. Nick has had the bag for two years. (改为一般疑问句)
_______ Nick ______ the bag for two years
2. The man came here two days ago. (改为同义句)
The man has ________ _______ for two days.
3. I think you are right. (改为同义句)
_________ ________ _________, you are right.
Has had
been here
In my opinion
4. I have been here for two years. (对画线部分提问)
_________ _______ have you been here
5. I bought the bike two days ago. (改为同义句)
I________ ______ the bike for two days.
How long
have had
三、书面表达
家乡是每个人生长的地方，每个人对家乡都有着难以割舍的情结。为此，你校英语报开展主题为“家乡的变化”征文，请你向校英语报投稿。
要求：1. 语句通顺，符合逻辑；
2. 包含要点，可适当发挥；
3. 词数：80左右；开头已给出，不计入总词数。
过去 现在
房子矮、旧 有很多新的高楼
市里只有一个小公园 有很多又大又漂亮的公园
道路脏、窄(narrow) 道路变得干净宽敞
…… ……
My hometown has changed a lot in recent years. In the past, there weren’t so many tall buildings in the city, and the buildings were old. But now, many new and tall buildings have appeared. In my memory, there was only one small park in the city. People hardly went there for fun. Now I can find big and beautiful parks in different areas of the city. The roads were dirty and narrow in the past, but now they have become clean and wide. I think such developments are good, and I hope the future of my hometown will be better and better.
【参考范文】
谢谢
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