2023-2024学年第二学期高一年级期中考试题
英 语
第一部分 基础知识（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
单项选择 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
1. His injuries are so ________ that he can only stay in bed.
A. sensitive B. severe C. passive D. normal
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：他的伤势非常严重，只能躺在床上。A. sensitive敏感的； B. severe 严重的；C. passive被动的； D. normal正常的。由“His injuries”以及句意可知，这里表示伤势“严重”。故选B项。
2. Burning fossil fuel can ________ some greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide.
A. involve B. relieve C. release D. escape
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：燃烧化石燃料会释放出一些温室气体，比如二氧化碳。A.involve涉及；B. relieve缓解；C. release释放；D. escape逃跑。根据“such as carbon dioxide.”可知，释放出一些温室气体，比如二氧化碳。故选C项。
3. I like hiking very much because I can enjoy various ________ on the way.
A. routes B. landscapes C. destinations D. episodes
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我非常喜欢徒步旅行，因为我可以在途中欣赏各种风景。A. routes路线；B. landscapes风景；C. destinations目的地；D. episodes插曲。根据句中hiking，enjoy和on the way可推知，徒步旅行时，一路上有各种风景供人欣赏，所以此处表示我可以欣赏途中的风景，landscapes符合句意。故选B。
4. Mrs. White was glad to see the nurse ________ after her son and was pleased to see the boy well ________ care of in the nursery.
A. looked; taken B. looking; taken C. looked; took D. looking; taking
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：怀特夫人很高兴看到护士在照顾她儿子，也很高兴看到那个男孩在托儿所得到了很好的照顾。分析句子结构，两个空白处在句子中均做宾补，使用非谓语动词，第一个空白处与其逻辑主语the nurse之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，使用现在分词；第二个空白处与其逻辑主语the boy之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，使用过去分词，故选B项。
5. Professor Smith is very kind. You can turn to him for help as long as he is_________.
A. admirable B. adjustable C. available D. convenient
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：史密斯教授很和蔼。只要他有空，你就可以找他帮忙。A. admirable令人钦佩的；B. adjustable可调整的；C. available有空的；D. convenient方便的。根据上文“You can turn to him for help as long as he is”指有空就可以去找他帮忙。故填C。
6. Trump Tower, _____ as the headquarters for The Trump Organization, is a 58-story skyscraper_____in Midtown Manhattan.
A. serving; located B. served; located C. served; locating D. serving; locating
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：特朗普大厦是位于曼哈顿中城的一座58层摩天大楼，是特朗普集团的总部。 第一个空：Trump Tower与serve之间为主动关系，使用现在分词作状语；第二个空：a 58-story skyscraper与locate之间为被动关系，使用过去分词作后置定语。故选A。
7. __________ terrible, the medicine was thrown away by the boy.
A. Tasted B. To taste C. Tasting D. Being tasted
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尝起来很难喝，这个药被男孩扔掉了。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填非谓语动词，根据空格后形容词terrible可知，此处taste表示“尝起来”，为连系动词，无被动，所以应填tasting。故选C。
8. At the age of 84, Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine, ______her the first female Chinese scientist ______ the award.
A. making; to win B. to make; winning C. making; winning D. to make; to win
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查现在分词和动词不定式。句意：84岁的屠呦呦被授予诺贝尔医学奖，这使她成为第一位获得该奖项的中国女科学家。分析句子结构可知，该句的谓语是was awarded，且无连词，第一个空处应用非谓语动词，动词make与前面一句话是主动的关系，应用现在分词作结果状语。根据female Chinese scientist前有the first修饰，第二个空处应用动词不定式作后置定语。故选A项。
9. __________ Mary for many years, he couldn’t recognize her at the first sight in the street.
A. Not having seen B. Having not seen C. Seeing not D. Not seeing
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：由于多年未见玛丽，他在街上第一眼都没认出她来。本句中已有谓语couldn’t recognize，所以设空处为非谓语动词，和主语之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，并且发生在谓语之前，应用现在分词的完成式，根据句意可知是否定的，直接在前面加not，为not having seen，故选A。
10. _______in reading the novel, I even forgot to pick up my mother in the airport．
A. Absorbing B. Having absorbed C. Absorbed D. To absorb
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我全神贯注地看小说，甚至忘了去机场接我妈妈。be absorbed in全神贯注于，在句中作状语，表原因，所以用过去分词形式。故选C。
11. A city is the product of human hand and mind, ______ man’s intelligence and creativity.
A. reflects B. to reflect C. reflecting D. reflected
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：城市是人类的手和思想的产物，反映了人类的智慧和创造力。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语city与reflect之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故选C。
12. Tom hurried into the room, carrying a basin just from the grocery store.
A. bought B. buying C. having bought D. being bought
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：汤姆匆匆走进房间，手里拿着一个刚从杂货店买来的水盆。分析句子可知，空处在句中作后置定语修饰名词basin，动词buy与被修饰词basin构成逻辑上的被动关系，且由just可知，动作已经发生，故用过去分词形式。故选A项。
13. With dinner ________, my mother went on to water her vegetables.
A. had prepared B. prepared C. preparing D. to prepare
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：晚饭准备好后，妈妈开始给蔬菜浇水。空格处是with复合结构，dinner和prepare之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，此处过去分词既表被动也表完成，故选B。
14. Getting food, medicine and blankets to people in flood-stricken areas is the most urgent _______ .
A. tension B. profession C. priority D. indication
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为受灾地区的人们提供食物、药品和毯子是当务之急。A.tension紧张；B. profession专业；C. priority优先事项，最重要的事；C. indication指示，标示；象征。根据句意可知，为受灾地区的人们提供食物、药品和毯子是当务之急，即优先事项。故选C。
15. John ________ his job yesterday because he felt it was too stressful.
A. finished B. kept C. continued D. quit
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：约翰昨天辞职了，因为他觉得压力太大了。A. finished 完成；B. kept保持；C. continued继续；D. quit放弃。分析句子可知，此处应选择谓语动词，结合句意可知，约翰因为感觉压力大，所以就辞职了，quit意为“放弃”符合句意。故选D项。
16. The more we know about this lovely creature, the greater the chance it will________and keep its place in the natural world for a long time to come.
A. starve B. suffer C. satisfy D. survive
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们对这种可爱的生物了解得越多，它就越有可能存活下来，并在未来很长一段时间内保持在自然界的地位。A. starve（使）挨饿；B. suffer遭受；C. satisfy使满意；D. survive幸存，存活。根据句意可知，对于这种生物的了解越多，它就越有可能存活下来。故选D。
17. We can advise the manger, but in the end, it is he who has the ________ say.
A. female B. fond C. final D. full
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们可以给经理提建议，但最终还是他说了算。A. female女性的；B. fond喜爱的；C. final最后的；D. full满的。根据上文“in the end”可知，指最终还是他说了算。have the final say表示“拥有最终决定权”。故选C。
18. The government should take effective measures to prevent rare animals from ________.
A. turning out B. coming out C. making out D. dying out
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：政府应该采取有效措施防止珍稀动物灭绝。A. turning out结果是；B. coming out出版，出现；C. making out弄清，理解；D. dying out灭绝。结合句意，此处表示“灭绝”为die out，分析句子结构可知，此处应为动名词作宾语。故选D项。
19. Success will belong to those _______never say “impossible”.
A. whom B. that C. who D. which
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：成功将属于那些从不说“不可能”的人。先行词为those，作定语从句的主语，关系代词常为who。故选C项。
20. This is the best film _______ I have ever seen.
A. where B. which C. that D. whose
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是我看过的最好的电影。分析句子结构可知，本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是film，指物，且有形容词最高级best修饰，关系词代替先行词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that引导。故选C。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 50分）
第一节 阅读选择（共15小题，每小题2.5分，共37.5分）
阅读下列短文 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Humans sweat to keep cool. But did you know that besides them, only a small percentage of the world’s animals keep cool by sweating In fact, animals have a variety of ways to beat the cruel heat, some of which you might say are even a little bit strange.
Giraffes
We know that giraffes live in a particularly dry, hot environment, but they don’t sweat. How do they stay cool The answer lies in their beautiful skin pattern, which is like a large network with a very complex vascular (血管) system under each patch (斑块). A giraffe’s special blood flow can force heat out of its body. Because of their rather large skin surface, this is a more-than-effective way to escape the heat.
Elephants
As the largest land animal on earth, elephants rely on their huge pair of ears. Simply by tapping their ears, elephants can lower their body temperature by 12℃ or more. Moreover, elephants often open their ears when facing the wind to reach this cooling effect.
Dogs
The dog’s way of escaping the heat is probably the most common in our daily lives--sticking their tongues out. By breathing heavily, dogs quickly force the heat from their body and breathe cooler air in, which enters their lungs and cools their entire body.
Koalas
Koalas are well-known for their “laziness”, so it’s natural to see one lying on a branch and think it’s just being its lazy self, but that’s not the case. Researchers say that the koalas select their trees very carefully, looking in hot weather for tree bark that is cooler than the air temperature. By getting into the cool surface of the bark, koalas can stay relatively comfortable during Australia’s powerful heat waves.
21. How do dogs beat the heat
A. By choosing the suitable tree skin. B. By putting their tongues out.
C. By moving their ears. D. By flowing blood.
22. Which of the following animals uses their habitats to cool
A. Giraffe. B. Elephants. C. Dogs. D. Koalas.
23. What do four animals have in common
A. They live lazily. B. They don’t sweat.
C. They don’t stay cool. D. They live comfortably.
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了4种动物不同的战胜酷暑的方法。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。由文章Dogs部分第一句“The dog’s way of escaping the heat is probably the most common in our daily lives--sticking their tongues out.(狗狗逃避炎热的方式可能是我们日常生活中最常见的——伸出舌头)”可知狗通过伸出舌头来逃避炎热。故选B项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。由文章Koalas部分最后两句“Researchers say that the koalas select their trees very carefully, looking in hot weather for tree bark that is cooler than the air temperature. By getting into the cool surface of the bark, koalas can stay relatively comfortable during Australia’s powerful heat waves.(研究人员说，考拉选择树木非常仔细，在炎热的天气里寻找比气温低的树皮。通过进入凉爽的树皮表面，考拉可以在澳大利亚强大的热浪中保持相对舒适的状态)”可知通过进入凉爽的树皮表面，考拉可以在澳大利亚强大的热浪中保持相对舒适的状态。故选D项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。由文章Giraffes部分“A giraffe’s special blood flow can force heat out of its body.(长颈鹿特殊的血液流动可以迫使热量排出体外。)”可知长颈鹿通过特殊的血液流动散热；由文章Elephants部分“Simply by tapping their ears, elephants can lower their body temperature by 12℃ or more.(只要轻拍耳朵，大象就能将体温降低12℃甚至更多。)”可知大象通过拍耳朵散热；由文章Dogs部分“The dog’s way of escaping the heat is probably the most common in our daily lives--sticking their tongues out.(狗逃避炎热的方式可能是我们日常生活中最常见的——伸出舌头。)”可知狗通过伸出舌头来散热；由文章Koalas部分“Researchers say that the koalas select their trees very carefully, looking in hot weather for tree bark that is cooler than the air temperature. By getting into the cool surface of the bark, koalas can stay relatively comfortable during Australia’s powerful heat waves.(研究人员说，考拉选择树木非常仔细，在炎热的天气里寻找比气温低的树皮。通过进入凉爽的树皮表面，考拉可以在澳大利亚强大的热浪中保持相对舒适的状态。)”可知卡拉通过栖息地散热。由此四种动物都不流汗，都是通过其他方式散热。故选B项。
B
It was supposed to be a normal trip to the supermarket. My son was little, and it was getting close to nap time, so I was rushing. But when I went to start the car, I realized that I must have locked my keys in the trunk with my bag.
So I took my son and went back inside the store. I had to use their phone to call my husband for the spare key. After many calls and messages with no answer. I was getting upset. My son was tired and getting fussy. I was exhausted from a sleepless night that all moms go through when their kids are teething. When he went into full-on crying, I felt tears come down my face, too.
An employee at the store tapped me on the shoulder and asked me to come with her. I was fearful for a moment, thinking I was going to be scolded and thrown into the storage area to keep us quiet. The employee, whose name was Kelly, took me, to my surprise, to the Starbucks cafe inside the store. She bought me a coffee and settled down with us. As we talked, my son settled into a sound sleep. After about fifteen minutes, she said her break was over and if I couldn’t contact my husband, they would get the trunk open.
After I got home that day, I kept thinking about what Kelly had done for me and wanted to do something. So, Kelly from the Safeway in Delaware, these are the things that you have done because I was thinking of your kindness as I did them: bolding doors for people, letting someone ahead of me in line, hitting “yes” on the donation button at the checkout, and many others.
I am so glad I locked my keys in the car that day. Who would have thought a cup of coffee could have so much of an effect on a person
24. What does the underlined word “fussy” mean in paragraph 2
A. Hard to please. B. Frightened to death. C. Moved to tears. D. Easy to approach.
25 Why did Kelly tap the author on the shoulder
A. To scold her. B. To comfort her. C. To tell her a story. D. To keep her quiet.
26. What does the author want to show by listing what she did in paragraph 4
A. She led a very busy life. B. She was indeed a kind woman.
C. Kelly made her a better person. D. Kelly took pride in her kindness.
27. Which is the most suitable title for the text
A. A Cup of Coffee B. A Story of Lost Keys
C A Forgetful Mother D. A Responsible Employee
【答案】24. A 25. B 26. C 27. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在去超市的时候把车钥匙锁在了后备箱里，给丈夫打电话也没人接，而儿子因为累了也开始嚎啕大哭，这时一个店员为作者买了一杯咖啡，给了作者安慰。
【24题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“My son was tired and getting”后文“I was exhausted from a sleepless night that all moms go through when their kids are teething. When he went into full-on crying, I felt tears come down my face, too.”可知，儿子累了，变得很难以取悦。当孩子长牙的时候，所有的妈妈都会经历一个不眠之夜，这让作者精疲力竭。当他嚎啕大哭的时候，作者觉得自己的眼泪也流下来了。故画线词意思是“难以取悦”。故选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The employee, whose name was Kelly, took me, to my surprise, to the Starbucks cafe inside the store. She bought me a coffee and settled down with us. As we talked, my son settled into a sound sleep. After about fifteen minutes, she said her break was over and if I couldn’t contact my husband, they would get the trunk open.(让我惊讶的是，这名名叫Kelly的员工带我来到了店内的星巴克咖啡厅。她给我买了杯咖啡，和我们一起坐了下来。就在我们谈话的时候，我儿子进入了酣睡。大约十五分钟后，她说她的休息时间结束了，如果我联系不上我丈夫，他们就会打开后备箱)”可知，Kelly拍作者的肩膀是为了安慰她。故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“After I got home that day, I kept thinking about what Kelly had done for me and wanted to do something. So, Kelly from the Safeway in Delaware, these are the things that you have done because I was thinking of your kindness as I did them: bolding doors for people, letting someone ahead of me in line, hitting “yes” on the donation button at the checkout, and many others.(那天回家后，我一直在想Kelly为我做了什么，我想为她做点什么。所以，来自特拉华州西夫韦超市的Kelly，这些是你所做的事情，因为我在做这些事情的时候也想到了你的善良：为人们打开门，让别人排在我前面，在付款台的捐赠按钮上点击“是”，还有很多其他的事情)”可推知，作者想通过列举她在第四段中所做的事情来表明Kelly让她成为一个更好的人。故选C。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“I am so glad I locked my keys in the car that day. Who would have thought a cup of coffee could have so much of an effect on a person (我真庆幸那天我把钥匙锁在车里了。谁能想到一杯咖啡会对一个人产生如此大的影响呢？)”结合讲述了作者在去超市的时候把车钥匙锁在了后备箱里，给丈夫打电话也没人接，而儿子因为累了也开始嚎啕大哭，这时一个店员为作者买了一杯咖啡，给了作者安慰。可知，A选项“一杯咖啡”最符合文章标题。故选A。
C
People perform graceful moves, all while standing on a bamboo strip in the river. You may think it’s a scene from an art movie, but actually it is a form of intangible cultural heritage: bamboo drifting (独竹漂).
Bamboo drifting dated back to over 2,000 years ago in the Chishui River area of Guizhou. During the Qin Dynasty, the Bozhou district of Zunyi city was known for its high-quality nanmu. It was in great demand by the royal court more than 2,000 kilometers to the north. With no transportation along the Chishui River, people had to stand on one log (原木) to drift down the river. Later, local people began to compete along the way and the game of wood drifting was born. In the Qing Dynasty, wood drifting became bamboo drifting because of bamboo's lower price.
Now, communities in Guizhou hold bamboo drifting competitions every year during Dragon Boat Festival. Due to the great strength and balance it takes for one to master this act, bamboo drifting was included in the national intangible cultural heritage list.
Yang Liu, 24, is an inheritor of bamboo drifting. Yang said the most difficult part of bamboo drifting was keeping one’s balance. “I fell in the water several times when I was practicing.” she told.
“Usually, the bamboo under your feet is about 9 meters long, and the bamboo in your hands is about 5 meters. If the length or diameter of the bamboo is not long enough, it will not be buoyant (有浮力的）enough to float. So we should fight against the water flow by continuously changing the angle (角度).” Yang added.
But the love for the ancient skill keeps Yang going. In the past 17 years, she has drifted all year round, in winter cold and summer heat.
Yang also produces new ideas when spreading the culture of bamboo drifting. For example, she connects dance with bamboo drifting to make it more graceful and wears hanfu when performing, creating a beautiful feel. In 2020. Yang registered on social media platforms and posted her videos. “I want to spread it to other countries so that more people around the world will like Chinese culture.” she told China Daily.
28. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2
A. The use of bamboo drifting. B. The birthplace of bamboo drifting.
C. The acting skills for bamboo drifting D. The historical development of bamboo drifting.
29. Why was bamboo drifting listed into the national intangible cultural heritage
A. It spreads Chinese culture to the world
B. It enjoys great popularity among Guizhou people.
C. It’s physically and technically demanding for performers.
D. It’s an important activity during the Dragon Boat Festival.
30. What is the most challenging for bamboo drifting
A. Keeping one’s balance. B. Performing graceful moves.
C. Choosing bamboos of proper size. D. Continuously changing the angle
31. Which of the following best describes Yang Liu
A. Responsible and brave. B. Creative and determined.
C. Hard-working and outgoing. D. Knowledgeable and competitive.
【答案】28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了非物质文化遗产:独竹漂。
【28题详解】
主旨大意题。由文章第二段第一句“Bamboo drifting dated back to over 2,000 years ago in the Chishui River area of Guizhou. （2000多年前，贵州赤水河流域出现了大量的独竹漂现象）”，第二句“During the Qin Dynasty, the Bozhou district of Zunyi city was known for its high-quality nanmu. （在秦朝，遵义市的亳州区以其优质的楠木而闻名）”，还有最后一句“ In the Qing Dynasty, wood drifting became bamboo drifting because of bamboo’s lower price.（到了清代，由于竹子价格较低，木材漂流变成了独竹漂）”可知，本段讲述了从秦朝到清朝，独竹漂的演变史。故选D。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段最后一句“Due to the great strength and balance it takes for one to master this act, bamboo drifting was included in the national intangible cultural heritage list.（由于掌握这一动作需要巨大的力量和平衡，独竹漂流被列入国家非物质文化遗产名录）”可知，是因为表演者需要巨大的力量和平衡才能掌握这一动作，所以它才被列入了国家非物质文化遗产名录。故选C。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第四段第二句“Yang said the most difficult part of bamboo drifting was keeping one's balance.（竹子漂流最困难的部分是保持身体平衡）”可知，独竹漂最具有挑战性的是保持身体平衡。故选A。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段第二句“For example, she connects dance with bamboo drifting to make it more graceful and wears hanfu when performing, creating a beautiful feel. （例如，她将舞蹈与独竹漂相结合，使之更加优雅，表演时穿着汉服，营造出一种优美的感觉）”可知她具有创造性。由倒数第二段“But the love for the ancient skill keeps Yang going. In the past 17 years, she has drifted all year round, in winter cold and summer heat.（但对这项古老技艺的热爱让杨继续前行。在过去的17年里，无论寒冷的冬天，还是炎热的夏天，她一年到头都在练习独竹漂）”可知她非常坚定。故选B。
D
In Shakespeare’s HAMLET, Polonius asks the prince, “What are you reading, my Lord ” Hamlet replies, “Words, words, words.” Either, as is likely, Hamlet wasn’t interested in what he was reading, or, less likely, he didn’t understand the words he was reading. In this case, Polonius should have lent Hamlet a good dictionary.
Dictionaries are essential tools for people who like to read. There are so many words in English that even the most educated person will sometimes meet an unfamiliar word and have to look it up. Languages keep changing, too, with new words constantly being added and new meanings being applied to old words. For example, the 12th edition of Xinhua Dictionary, the most popular dictionary in China, has added new words such as “chu xin” “fen si” “er wei ma” etc. As for new meanings, “girl” once meant “a small child of either sex”. And “naughty” didn’t mean you were “enjoying playing tricks”; it meant you were poor.
A printed dictionary can’t keep pace with all the changes, which is why most dictionaries have websites and apps to help you keep up-to-date. However, I still prefer printed dictionaries because they give you more definitions and more examples of how a word is used. Even a simple word, such as “set”, has 430 meanings (the most of English words) but an online dictionary would only offer two or three. A printed dictionary also gives you the opportunity to discover new words as you run your finger down the page looking for the word you want.
There is no “official” English dictionary, but the Oxford English Dictionary is considered to be the best. For English language learners, however, I would recommend the Collins COBUILD Dictionary for Advanced Learners. Hamlet, by the way, was Danish and a college student. He would have appreciated the Collins Dictionary to help himself with his words, words, words. This dictionary has over 40,000 words and gives you full-sentence definitions with good examples of how words are used.
32. What’s the function of paragraph 1
A. To introduce the topic.
B. To let the readers know more about HAMLET.
C. To arouse readers’ interest in Shakespeare.
D. To explain when it’s necessary to use a dictionary.
33. Why does the author mention “girl” in paragraph 2
A. To show how powerful Xinhua Dictionary is.
B. To support the idea: languages keep changing.
C. To prove new words are being added to dictionaries.
D. To imply “girl” also means “boy” in some cases.
34. What’s the author’s attitude to printed dictionaries
A. Favorable. B. Ambiguous. C. Negative. D. Critical.
35. What’s the author’s purpose of writing the last paragraph
A. To introduce the history of dictionaries.
B. To call on learners to use dictionaries.
C. To recommend Collins Dictionary.
D. To explain why Hamlet likes Collins.
【答案】32. A 33. B 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了词典的重要作用以及作者偏爱纸质词典的原因。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文尤其是第一段最后一句“In this case, Polonius should have lent Hamlet a good dictionary.( 在这种情况下，普罗尼尔斯应该借给哈姆雷特一本好词典。)”可知，作者在第一段通过引用《哈姆雷特》中的一段对话引出了文章的主题——“dictionary”。故选A。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第三句“Languages keep changing, too, with new words constantly being added and new meanings being applied to old words. (语言也在不断变化，新词不断被添加，旧词被赋予新的含义。)”可知，随着新词不断出现，旧词的新义不断增加，语言也一直在变化。由此可推知，作者提及“girl”这个旧词的新义是为了支撑“语言在不断变化”这个论点。故选B。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。通读第三段尤其是第二句中的“However, I still prefer printed dictionaries(然而，我还是更喜欢纸质词典)”可知，作者更喜欢使用纸质词典。故选A。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。通读最后一段尤其是第二句“For English language learners, however, I would recommend the Collins COBUILD Dictionary for Advanced Learners. (然而，对于英语学习者，我推荐柯林斯高阶英语词典。)”可知，作者写最后一段的目的是向读者推荐柯林斯高阶英语词典。故选C。
第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选项中有两项为多余选项．
Mars is truly a fascinating planet for those of us here on Earth. ____36____ It is about half as big as Earth and is often referred to as the Red Planet because of its red surface.
The Red Planet has the largest volcano in the solar system-Olympus Mons. ____37____ That’s about three times the height of Mount Qomolangma.
Mars also has an atmosphere, but it is very thin and made up mostly of carbon dioxide. Because of its thin atmosphere and greater distance from the Sun, Mars is much colder than Earth. ____38____ The dust storms of Mars can grow so big that sometimes they blanket the entire planet and last for months. The poles on Mars are a lot like Antarctica, capped by ice, but much of Mars’s ice is made from carbon dioxide, not water.
Scientists believe that studying Mars can help answer some of the key questions about our planet Earth, or even the universe.
____39____ Since 1960, more than half of all attempted Mars missions have failed. The USA, Russia, the European Space Agency, and several other countries have lost many spacecraft in their quest to explore the Red Planet. Nevertheless, they will still continue their explorations. Chinese experts are confident about their plan to explore Mars, in spite of the many challenges. The first Mars unmanned spacecraft was launched from Wenchang around 2020. But it is only the beginning of deep voyages into outer space. ____40____
A. It is roughly 27 kilometres high.
B. Missions to Mars have never been easy.
C. Mars, however, today has no active volcanoes.
D. The temperature at the planet’s surface varies widely.
E. However, Mars does have weather, with clouds and winds.
F. China will continue to explore the mysteries of the universe.
G. It is one of the few planets that we can see with our own eyes.
【答案】36. G 37. A 38. E 39. B 40. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了火星的自然环境以及火星任务的实施难度。
【36题详解】
根据上文“Mars is truly a fascinating planet for those of us here on Earth.(对于我们地球上的人来说，火星确实是一个迷人的星球)”以及后文“It is about half as big as Earth and is often referred to as the Red Planet because of its red surface.(它大约有地球的一半大，经常被称为红色星球，因为它的表面是红色的)”可知，本句与后文并列，都是在介绍火星，G选项中it指代Mars。故G选项“它是少数几个我们能用肉眼看到的行星之一”符合语境，故选G。
【37题详解】
根据上文“The Red Planet has the largest volcano in the solar system-Olympus Mons.(这颗红色星球上有太阳系中最大的火山——奥林匹斯山)”以及后文“That’s about three times the height of Mount Qomolangma.(这大约是珠穆朗玛峰高度的三倍)”可知，本句是在说明奥林匹斯山的高度。故A选项“大约27千米高”符合语境，故选A。
【38题详解】
根据上文“Mars also has an atmosphere, but it is very thin and made up mostly of carbon dioxide. Because of its thin atmosphere and greater distance from the Sun, Mars is much colder than Earth.(火星也有大气层，但大气层很薄，主要由二氧化碳组成。由于火星大气层稀薄，距离太阳更远，所以它比地球冷得多)”以及后文“The dust storms of Mars can grow so big that sometimes they blanket the entire planet and last for months. The poles on Mars are a lot like Antarctica, capped by ice, but much of Mars’s ice is made from carbon dioxide, not water.(火星上的沙尘暴会变得非常大，有时会覆盖整个星球，持续数月之久火星的两极很像南极洲，被冰覆盖，但火星的大部分冰是由二氧化碳而不是水构成的)”可知，本句是在说明火星上的气候，后文提到了沙尘暴，可见火星上有风，故E选项“然而，火星确实有天气，有云和风”符合语境，故选E。
【39题详解】
根据后文“Since 1960, more than half of all attempted Mars missions have failed.(自1960年以来，超过一半的火星任务都失败了)”可知，后文提到很多火星任务都失败了，可见火星任务并不容易实施。故B选项“火星任务从来都不容易”符合语境，故选B。
【40题详解】
根据上文“Chinese experts are confident about their plan to explore Mars, in spite of the many challenges. The first Mars unmanned spacecraft was launched from Wenchang around 2020. But it is only the beginning of deep voyages into outer space.(尽管面临诸多挑战，中国专家对他们的火星探测计划充满信心。第一艘火星无人飞船于2020年前后在文昌发射升空。但这只是外太空深度航行的开始)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文继续说明中国对宇宙的探索方向，故F选项“中国将继续探索宇宙的奥秘”符合语境，故选F。
第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分50分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分， 满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
We had just completed a unit on heroes, and I had given my kindergarten class a task to ____41____ their favorite hero. Each child was ____42____ with the task, creating colorful masterpieces.
However, one little boy was having ____43____ with the task. Cameron was with autism, but that didn’t matter to me or his classmates. We all ____44____ him just the way he was. I sat and watched as Austin, a precocious little boy, ____45____ with Cameron. Within a few minutes, Cameron quickly began drawing and then coloring his paper.
Finally, it was time for everybody to share their pictures. I listened as each student ____46____ stood in front of the class, picture held high, and ____47____ his or her hero. It was finally Cameron’s ____48____. He stood up and anxiously placed his drawing in front of his ____49____ to avoid eye contact. We all fixed our eyes on the picture.____50____ to know who it was. He then said it was a picture of me. He added that I helped him learn things and then ____51____ sat down. Tears began to form in my eyes, but nothing could have ____52____ me for what happened next.
When Austin stood up, he proudly held up a picture of Cameron. Austin shared that Cameron was his hero because Cameron had this ____53____ that made it really hard to learn, but he was like Superman and was really smart.
Cameron immediately stood up, and put his arms up in the air as if he were going to ____54____, yelling out, “I’m Superman!” The entire class began striking Superman poses, too. Within minutes, we were all laughing as though we had truly discovered the secret of becoming ____55____.
41. A. draw B. choose C. interview D. write
42. A. angry B. busy C. bored D. satisfied
43. A. patience B. fun C. difficulty D. connection
44. A. judged B. admired C. ignored D. loved
45. A. fought B. argued C. agreed D. worked
46. A. proudly B. instantly C. shyly D. frequently
47. A. preferred B. described C. followed D. compared
48. A. fault B. duty C. turn D. point
49. A. back B. chest C. stomach D. face
50. A. curious B. certain C. surprised D. disappointed
51. A. unwillingly B. bravely C. quickly D. impolitely
52. A. asked B. prepared C. accounted D. excused
53. A. preference B. habit C. sickness D. hobby
54. A. set off B. back off C. show off D. take off
55. A. masters B. superheroes C. figures D. leaders
【答案】41. A 42. B 43. C 44. D 45. D 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. A 51. C 52. B 53. C 54. D 55. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者的班上一个名为卡梅隆的男孩患有自闭症，在作者布置绘画最喜欢的英雄任务中，卡梅隆画了作者，而和他一起画画的男孩奥斯汀说卡梅隆是他心目中的英雄，因为卡梅隆得了这种病，很难学习，但他就像超人一样聪明。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们刚刚完成了一个关于英雄的单元，我给幼儿园的班级布置了一个任务，画出他们最喜欢的英雄。A. draw绘画；B. choose选择；C. interview采访；D. write写。根据后文“creating colorful masterpieces”可知布置的是绘画任务。故选A。
42题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个孩子都忙着完成任务，创造出五颜六色的杰作。A. angry生气的；B. busy忙碌的；C. bored厌倦的；D. satisfied满意的。根据后文“with the task, creating colorful masterpieces”可知孩子们都忙着完成绘画，故选B。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，一个小男孩在这项任务中遇到了困难。A. patience耐心；B. fun乐趣；C. difficulty困难；D. connection连接。根据后文“Cameron was with autism, but that didn’t matter to me or his classmates.(卡梅隆患有自闭症，但这对我和他的同学来说都不重要)”可知，卡梅隆患有自闭症，完成任务遇到了困难。故选C。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们都爱他本来的样子。A. judged判断；B. admired钦佩；C. ignored忽视；D. loved爱。根据后文“him just the way he was”可知，老师们都喜欢卡梅隆本来的样子。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坐在那里看着奥斯汀，一个早熟的小男孩，和卡梅隆一起工作。A. fought战斗；B. argued争论；C. agreed同意；D. worked工作。根据下文“Within a few minutes, Cameron quickly began drawing and then coloring his paper.”推知，奥斯汀和卡梅隆一起工作，完成绘画。故选D。
【46题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我听着每个学生骄傲地站在全班面前，举着图画，描述他或她心目中的英雄。A. proudly骄傲地；B. instantly立刻；C. shyly害羞地；D. frequently频繁地。根据后文“picture held high”可知是骄傲地高举着自己的绘画，故选A。
47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我听着每个学生骄傲地站在全班面前，举着图画，描述他或她心目中的英雄。A. preferred偏爱；B. described描述；C. followed跟随；D. compared比较。根据后文“his or her hero”可知孩子们在描述他们的英雄。故选B。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后轮到卡梅隆了。A. fault错误；B. duty义务；C. turn轮次；D. point关键点。根据上文“It was finally Cameron’s”指轮到卡梅隆展示绘画，应用it be one’s turn。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他站起来，不安地把自己的画放在面前，以避免目光接触。A. back后背；B. chest胸；C. stomach胃；D. face脸。根据后文“to avoid eye contact”可知为了避免目光接触，他把画放在面前。故选D。
【50题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们都好奇地盯着那幅画，想知道那是谁。A. curious好奇的；B. certain必然的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. disappointed失望的。根据后文“to know who it was”可知好奇地盯着画，想知道画的是谁。故选A。
【51题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他补充说，我帮助他学习东西，然后很快坐了下来。A. unwillingly不情愿地；B. bravely勇敢地；C. quickly快速地；D. impolitely不礼貌地。根据上文“He then said it was a picture of me. He added that I helped him learn things and then”可知，卡梅隆因为害羞只是简短地描述了原因，就快速坐下了。故选C。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：泪水开始在我的眼睛里打转，但我没有料到接下来会发生什么。A. asked询问；B. prepared准备；C. accounted说明；D. excused赦免。根据后文“me for what happened next”指对接下来发生的事情没有准备，故选B。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：奥斯汀说卡梅隆是他心目中的英雄，因为卡梅隆得了这种病，很难学习，但他就像超人一样聪明。A. preference偏爱；B. habit习惯；C. sickness疾病；D. hobby爱好。对应上文“Cameron was with autism”指患了自闭症。故选C。
【54题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：卡梅伦立刻站了起来，举起双臂，好像要起飞一样，大声喊道：“我是超人!”A. set off出发；B. back off后退；C. show off炫耀；D. take off起飞。根据上文“put his arms up in the air as if he were going to”指举起双臂好像要起飞，故选D。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：几分钟之内，我们都笑了，好像我们真的发现了成为超级英雄的秘密。A. masters大师；B. superheroes超级英雄；C. figures人物；D. leaders领导。根据上文“The entire class began striking Superman poses, too.”此处指发现成为超级英雄的秘密。故选B。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在题后空白处填入适当的内容（每空一词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
“I came to Xi’an when I was 18 years old,” said Sema, a woman from Turkey, ____56____ is fluent in Chinese and she gives herself a Chinese name, Nv Zi.
____57____ (live) in Xi’an for eight years makes her very familiar with Xi an cuisine. Her husband is from Xi’an, and their son is 11 months old. Nv Zi is ____58____ (current) a postgraduate studying comparative education at Shanxi Normal University. In her spare time, she is interested in food and hopes to become a food blogger. Nv Zi has a food workshop at her home, ____59____ all kinds of kitchen tools, as well as ____60____ (equip) for shooting food videos, such as special lights, cameras and tripods. Nv Zi opened a Douyin account ____61____ (introduce) and recommend the cuisine of her hometown to Chinese netizens. Regularly, she____62____ (perform) Chinese food to Turks. During gatherings, she often cooks Xi an food, such as biangbiang noodles, spicy soup, and paomo. Although she ____63____ (be) to many places in China and tried ____64____ wide variety of food, her favorite is Xi’an cuisine. In her view, the food of Xi’an is like____65____ (it) people — simple and enthusiastic.
“As a Turk, I like Xi’an’s food, history and culture”.
【答案】56. who
57. Living##Having lived
58. currently
59. with 60. equipment
61. to introduce
62. performs
63. has been
64. a 65. its
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了来自土耳其的女性Sema，丈夫是西安人，她喜爱中国食物，也在社交平台上经常向中国网友介绍家乡食物。
【56题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：“我18岁的时候来到西安，”来自土耳其的Sema说，她说的中文很流利，她给自己起了一个中文名字Nv Zi。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是woman，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用who引导。故填who。
【57题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在西安生活了八年，她对西安美食非常熟悉。空处作主语，应用动名词，也可用动名词的完成式，指live表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前，句首单词的首字母应大写。故填Living/Having lived。
【58题详解】
考查副词。句意：Nv Zi目前是山西师范大学比较教育学研究生。空处作状语，应用副词形式。故填currently。
【59题详解】
考查介词。句意：Nv Zi在家里开了一个美食工作室，里面有各种各样的厨房工具，以及拍摄美食视频的设备，比如特制的灯、相机和三脚架。结合句意可知，此处表示“具有”，应用介词with，故填with。
【60题详解】
考查名词。句意：Nv Zi在家里开了一个美食工作室，里面有各种各样的厨房工具，以及拍摄美食视频的设备，比如特制的灯、相机和三脚架。as well as连接并列成分，空处和tools并列，应用名词，equipment设备，不可数名词。故填equipment。
【61题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：Nv Zi开了一个抖音账号，向中国网友介绍和推荐她家乡的美食。结合句意可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to introduce。
【62题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：她经常向土耳其人表演中国菜。根据Regularly可知，句子应用一般现在时，主语是she，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填performs。
【63题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：虽然她去过中国的很多地方，吃过各种各样的食物，但她最喜欢的还是西安菜。此处表示“去过某地”，应用现在完成时have/has been to，主语是she，助动词用has，故填has been。
【64题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：虽然她去过中国的很多地方，吃过各种各样的食物，但她最喜欢的还是西安菜。a variety of各种各样的，固定短语。故填a。
【65题详解】
考查代词。句意：在她看来，西安的食物和当地人一样——简单而热情。空处应填形容词性物主代词its，修饰名词people，故填its。
第三节 补全语篇（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）从方框中选择合适的表达，填入短文的空格中，并在答题卡对应位置填写字母，使短文完整连贯。每个选项只能使用一次,有一个多余选项。
选词填空
A. ticks all the right boxes B. put on C. lives up to D. get across E. make an impact on F. makes a comment on G. are not familiar with H. Dating back to I. thanks to J. on the edge of your seat K. fall in love with
Cantonese opera is one of the oldest forms of traditional Chinese opera, whose art form will keep you _______66_______ with its explosive effects. It certainly ________67________ its reputation (名声) with appealing performances. ________68________ the 12th century, Cantonese opera has developed a unique performance style since the Ming Dynasty. Wearing their colorful costumes and makeup, artists effortlessly ________69________ dramatic stories to the audiences. All too often, it ________70________ various social aspects. This cultural heritage continues to ________71________ audiences with its musical and theatrical qualities. All in all, Cantonese Opera ________72________ for a cultural experience; when it is________73________, its wide range of performance forms, including singing, recitation, acrobatics, fighting, and dancing amaze audiences. With the great interest in traditional art, young audiences who ________74________ this opera are now showing a strong passion for learning it. Besides, more and more international friends ___________75___________ it due to its popularity worldwide.
【答案】66. J 67. C
68. H 69. D
70. F 71. E
72. A 73. B
74. G 75. K
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了中国传统戏曲中最古老的形式之一——粤剧。
【66题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：粤剧是中国最古老的传统戏剧形式之一，其艺术形式将以其爆炸性的效果让你异常兴奋。根据“with its explosive effects”可知，此处指“其艺术形式将以其爆炸性的效果让你异常兴奋”，J项on the edge of your seat“异常兴奋，极为激动”符合语境，故选J。
【67题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：它极具吸引力的表演确实名不虚传。结合“with appealing performances”可知，此处指“它极具吸引力的表演确实名不虚传”，C项lives up to“不辜负，符合”符合语境，故选C。
【68题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：粤剧可以追溯到12世纪，自明代以来已经发展出独特的表演风格。结合空后的“the 12th century”以及“Cantonese opera has developed a unique performance style since the Ming Dynasty”可知，此处是描述粤剧的历史，指“粤剧可以追溯到12世纪”，H项Dating back to“追溯至”符合语境，故选H。
【69题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：身着五颜六色的服装和妆容，艺术家们毫不费力地将戏剧性的故事传达给观众。结合“dramatic stories to the audiences”可知，此处指“艺术家们毫不费力地将戏剧性的故事传达给观众”，D项get across“被传达，使……被理解”符合语境，故选D。
【70题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：它经常对社会的各个方面发表评论。结合空后的“various social aspects”可知，此处指“它经常对社会的各个方面发表评论”，F项makes a comment on“对……发表评论”符合语境，故选F。
【71题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：这一文化遗产以其音乐和戏剧的特质继续对观众产生影响。结合“with its musical and theatrical qualities”可知，此处指“这一文化遗产以其音乐和戏剧的特质继续对观众产生影响”，E项make an impact on“对……产生影响”符合语境，故选E。
【72题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：总而言之，粤剧满足了文化体验的所有要求；当它上演时，它广泛的表演形式，包括唱歌、朗诵、杂技、打斗和舞蹈，让观众惊叹不已。结合下文“its wide range of performance forms, including singing, recitation, acrobatics, fighting, and dancing amaze audiences”可知，此处指“粤剧满足了文化体验的所有要求”，A项ticks all the right boxes“满足所有条件”符合语境，故选A。
【73题详解】
考查动词短语。句意同上。结合“its wide range of performance forms, including singing, recitation, acrobatics, fighting, and dancing amaze audiences”可知，此处指“当粤剧上演时”，B项put on“上演”符合语境，故选B。
【74题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：随着人们对传统艺术的浓厚兴趣，原本不熟悉该歌剧的年轻观众也表现出了学习该歌剧的强烈热情。结合“young audiences”以及“are now showing a strong passion for learning it”可知，此处指“原本不熟悉该歌剧的年轻观众也表现出了学习该歌剧的强烈热情”，G项are not familiar with“对……不熟悉”符合语境，故选G。
【75题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：此外，由于它在世界范围内的流行，越来越多的国际朋友爱上了它。结合“due to its popularity worldwide”可知，此处指“越来越多的国际朋友爱上了它”，K项fall in love with“爱上”符合语境，故选K。
第四部分 应用文写作 (满分20分)
76. 你校英语墙报正在征集以“保护环境，从我做起”为主题的稿件。请你写一篇短文投稿。内容:
(1)简要介绍保护环境的原因；
(2)提出切实可行的建议；
(3)简述这些建议的理由。
注意：(1)词数80左右;
(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
What can I do for our environment
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
What can I do for our environment
We have just one Earth. But now, its health is becoming worse and worse and we are facing more and more natural disasters, such as floods and droughts. Therefore, it’s time that we did something to protect our Earth. Actually, there are lots of things that we can do for it. We can simply turn off the lights and air conditioners before we leave to save electricity. We can avoid using single-use chopsticks and paper cups to save forests. All these simple activities will make a big difference!
I strongly believe that if we take good care of our Earth today, it will take better care of us tomorrow.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你校英语墙报正在征集以“保护环境，从我做起”为主题的稿件。请你写一篇短文投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
自然灾难：natural disaster→ecocatastrophe
保护：protect→preserve
关闭：turn off→switch off
照顾：take care of→look after
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：All these simple activities will make a big difference!
拓展句：Although these activities are simple, they will make a big difference!
【点睛】[高分句型1] We can simply turn off the lights and air conditioners before we leave to save electricity. (运用了before引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] I strongly believe that if we take good care of our Earth today, it will take better care of us tomorrow. (运用了if引导条件状语从句)2023-2024学年第二学期高一年级期中考试题
英 语
第一部分 基础知识（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
单项选择 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
1. His injuries are so ________ that he can only stay in bed.
A. sensitive B. severe C. passive D. normal
2. Burning fossil fuel can ________ some greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide.
A. involve B. relieve C. release D. escape
3. I like hiking very much because I can enjoy various ________ on the way.
A. routes B. landscapes C. destinations D. episodes
4. Mrs. White was glad to see the nurse ________ after her son and was pleased to see the boy well ________ care of in the nursery.
A. looked; taken B. looking; taken C. looked; took D. looking; taking
5. Professor Smith is very kind. You can turn to him for help as long as he is_________.
A. admirable B. adjustable C. available D. convenient
6. Trump Tower, _____ as the headquarters for The Trump Organization, is a 58-story skyscraper_____in Midtown Manhattan.
A. serving; located B. served; located C. served; locating D. serving; locating
7. __________ terrible, the medicine was thrown away by the boy.
A. Tasted B. To taste C. Tasting D. Being tasted
8. At the age of 84, Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine, ______her the first female Chinese scientist ______ the award.
A. making; to win B. to make; winning C. making; winning D. to make; to win
9. __________ Mary for many years, he couldn’t recognize her at the first sight in the street.
A. Not having seen B. Having not seen C. Seeing not D. Not seeing
10. _______in reading the novel I even forgot to pick up my mother in the airport．
A. Absorbing B. Having absorbed C. Absorbed D. To absorb
11. A city is the product of human hand and mind, ______ man’s intelligence and creativity.
A. reflects B. to reflect C. reflecting D. reflected
12. Tom hurried into the room, carrying a basin just from the grocery store.
A. bought B. buying C. having bought D. being bought
13. With dinner ________, my mother went on to water her vegetables.
A. had prepared B. prepared C. preparing D. to prepare
14. Getting food, medicine and blankets to people in flood-stricken areas is the most urgent _______ .
A. tension B. profession C. priority D. indication
15. John ________ his job yesterday because he felt it was too stressful.
A. finished B. kept C. continued D. quit
16. The more we know about this lovely creature, the greater the chance it will________and keep its place in the natural world for a long time to come.
A. starve B. suffer C. satisfy D. survive
17. We can advise the manger, but in the end, it is he who has the ________ say.
A. female B. fond C. final D. full
18. The government should take effective measures to prevent rare animals from ________.
A. turning out B. coming out C. making out D. dying out
19. Success will belong to those _______never say “impossible”.
A. whom B. that C. who D. which
20. This is the best film _______ I have ever seen.
A. where B. which C. that D. whose
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 50分）
第一节 阅读选择（共15小题，每小题2.5分，共37.5分）
阅读下列短文 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Humans sweat to keep cool. But did you know that besides them, only a small percentage of the world’s animals keep cool by sweating In fact, animals have a variety of ways to beat the cruel heat, some of which you might say are even a little bit strange.
Giraffes
We know that giraffes live in a particularly dry, hot environment, but they don’t sweat. How do they stay cool The answer lies in their beautiful skin pattern, which is like a large network with a very complex vascular (血管) system under each patch (斑块). A giraffe’s special blood flow can force heat out of its body. Because of their rather large skin surface, this is a more-than-effective way to escape the heat.
Elephants
As the largest land animal on earth, elephants rely on their huge pair of ears. Simply by tapping their ears, elephants can lower their body temperature by 12℃ or more. Moreover, elephants often open their ears when facing the wind to reach this cooling effect.
Dogs
The dog’s way of escaping the heat is probably the most common in our daily lives--sticking their tongues out. By breathing heavily, dogs quickly force the heat from their body and breathe cooler air in, which enters their lungs and cools their entire body.
Koalas
Koalas are well-known for their “laziness”, so it’s natural to see one lying on a branch and think it’s just being its lazy self, but that’s not the case. Researchers say that the koalas select their trees very carefully, looking in hot weather for tree bark that is cooler than the air temperature. By getting into the cool surface of the bark, koalas can stay relatively comfortable during Australia’s powerful heat waves.
21. How do dogs beat the heat
A. By choosing the suitable tree skin. B. By putting their tongues out.
C. By moving their ears. D. By flowing blood.
22. Which of the following animals uses their habitats to cool
A Giraffe. B. Elephants. C. Dogs. D. Koalas.
23. What do four animals have in common
A. They live lazily. B. They don’t sweat.
C. They don’t stay cool. D. They live comfortably.
B
It was supposed to be a normal trip to the supermarket. My son was little, and it was getting close to nap time, so I was rushing. But when I went to start the car, I realized that I must have locked my keys in the trunk with my bag.
So I took my son and went back inside the store. I had to use their phone to call my husband for the spare key. After many calls and messages with no answer. I was getting upset. My son was tired and getting fussy. I was exhausted from a sleepless night that all moms go through when their kids are teething. When he went into full-on crying, I felt tears come down my face, too.
An employee at the store tapped me on the shoulder and asked me to come with her. I was fearful for a moment, thinking I was going to be scolded and thrown into the storage area to keep us quiet. The employee, whose name was Kelly, took me, to my surprise, to the Starbucks cafe inside the store. She bought me a coffee and settled down with us. As we talked, my son settled into a sound sleep. After about fifteen minutes, she said her break was over and if I couldn’t contact my husband, they would get the trunk open.
After I got home that day, I kept thinking about what Kelly had done for me and wanted to do something. So, Kelly from the Safeway in Delaware, these are the things that you have done because I was thinking of your kindness as I did them: bolding doors for people, letting someone ahead of me in line, hitting “yes” on the donation button at the checkout, and many others.
I am so glad I locked my keys in the car that day. Who would have thought a cup of coffee could have so much of an effect on a person
24. What does the underlined word “fussy” mean in paragraph 2
A. Hard to please. B. Frightened to death. C. Moved to tears. D. Easy to approach.
25. Why did Kelly tap the author on the shoulder
A. To scold her. B. To comfort her. C. To tell her a story. D. To keep her quiet.
26. What does the author want to show by listing what she did in paragraph 4
A. She led a very busy life. B. She was indeed a kind woman.
C. Kelly made her a better person. D. Kelly took pride in her kindness.
27. Which is the most suitable title for the text
A. A Cup of Coffee B. A Story of Lost Keys
C. A Forgetful Mother D. A Responsible Employee
C
People perform graceful moves, all while standing on a bamboo strip in the river. You may think it’s a scene from an art movie, but actually it is a form of intangible cultural heritage: bamboo drifting (独竹漂).
Bamboo drifting dated back to over 2,000 years ago in the Chishui River area of Guizhou. During the Qin Dynasty, the Bozhou district of Zunyi city was known for its high-quality nanmu. It was in great demand by the royal court more than 2,000 kilometers to the north. With no transportation along the Chishui River, people had to stand on one log (原木) to drift down the river. Later, local people began to compete along the way and the game of wood drifting was born. In the Qing Dynasty, wood drifting became bamboo drifting because of bamboo's lower price.
Now, communities in Guizhou hold bamboo drifting competitions every year during Dragon Boat Festival. Due to the great strength and balance it takes for one to master this act, bamboo drifting was included in the national intangible cultural heritage list.
Yang Liu, 24, is an inheritor of bamboo drifting. Yang said the most difficult part of bamboo drifting was keeping one’s balance. “I fell in the water several times when I was practicing.” she told.
“Usually, the bamboo under your feet is about 9 meters long, and the bamboo in your hands is about 5 meters. If the length or diameter of the bamboo is not long enough, it will not be buoyant (有浮力的）enough to float. So we should fight against the water flow by continuously changing the angle (角度).” Yang added.
But the love for the ancient skill keeps Yang going. In the past 17 years, she has drifted all year round, in winter cold and summer heat.
Yang also produces new ideas when spreading the culture of bamboo drifting. For example, she connects dance with bamboo drifting to make it more graceful and wears hanfu when performing, creating a beautiful feel. In 2020. Yang registered on social media platforms and posted her videos. “I want to spread it to other countries so that more people around the world will like Chinese culture.” she told China Daily.
28 What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2
A. The use of bamboo drifting. B. The birthplace of bamboo drifting.
C. The acting skills for bamboo drifting D. The historical development of bamboo drifting.
29. Why was bamboo drifting listed into the national intangible cultural heritage
A. It spreads Chinese culture to the world
B. It enjoys great popularity among Guizhou people.
C. It’s physically and technically demanding for performers.
D. It’s an important activity during the Dragon Boat Festival.
30. What is the most challenging for bamboo drifting
A. Keeping one’s balance. B. Performing graceful moves.
C. Choosing bamboos of proper size. D. Continuously changing the angle
31. Which of the following best describes Yang Liu
A. Responsible and brave. B. Creative and determined.
C. Hard-working and outgoing. D. Knowledgeable and competitive.
D
In Shakespeare’s HAMLET, Polonius asks the prince, “What are you reading, my Lord ” Hamlet replies, “Words, words, words.” Either, as is likely, Hamlet wasn’t interested in what he was reading, or, less likely, he didn’t understand the words he was reading. In this case, Polonius should have lent Hamlet a good dictionary.
Dictionaries are essential tools for people who like to read. There are so many words in English that even the most educated person will sometimes meet an unfamiliar word and have to look it up. Languages keep changing, too, with new words constantly being added and new meanings being applied to old words. For example, the 12th edition of Xinhua Dictionary, the most popular dictionary in China, has added new words such as “chu xin” “fen si” “er wei ma” etc. As for new meanings, “girl” once meant “a small child of either sex”. And “naughty” didn’t mean you were “enjoying playing tricks”; it meant you were poor.
A printed dictionary can’t keep pace with all the changes, which is why most dictionaries have websites and apps to help you keep up-to-date. However, I still prefer printed dictionaries because they give you more definitions and more examples of how a word is used. Even a simple word, such as “set”, has 430 meanings (the most of English words) but an online dictionary would only offer two or three. A printed dictionary also gives you the opportunity to discover new words as you run your finger down the page looking for the word you want.
There is no “official” English dictionary, but the Oxford English Dictionary is considered to be the best. For English language learners, however, I would recommend the Collins COBUILD Dictionary for Advanced Learners. Hamlet, by the way, was Danish and a college student. He would have appreciated the Collins Dictionary to help himself with his words, words, words. This dictionary has over 40,000 words and gives you full-sentence definitions with good examples of how words are used.
32. What’s the function of paragraph 1
A. To introduce the topic.
B. To let the readers know more about HAMLET.
C. To arouse readers’ interest in Shakespeare.
D. To explain when it’s necessary to use a dictionary.
33. Why does the author mention “girl” in paragraph 2
A. To show how powerful Xinhua Dictionary is.
B. To support the idea: languages keep changing.
C. To prove new words are being added to dictionaries.
D. To imply “girl” also means “boy” in some cases.
34. What’s the author’s attitude to printed dictionaries
A. Favorable. B. Ambiguous. C. Negative. D. Critical.
35. What’s the author’s purpose of writing the last paragraph
A. To introduce the history of dictionaries.
B. To call on learners to use dictionaries.
C. To recommend Collins Dictionary.
D. To explain why Hamlet likes Collins.
第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选项中有两项为多余选项．
Mars is truly a fascinating planet for those of us here on Earth. ____36____ It is about half as big as Earth and is often referred to as the Red Planet because of its red surface.
The Red Planet has the largest volcano in the solar system-Olympus Mons. ____37____ That’s about three times the height of Mount Qomolangma.
Mars also has an atmosphere, but it is very thin and made up mostly of carbon dioxide. Because of its thin atmosphere and greater distance from the Sun, Mars is much colder than Earth. ____38____ The dust storms of Mars can grow so big that sometimes they blanket the entire planet and last for months. The poles on Mars are a lot like Antarctica, capped by ice, but much of Mars’s ice is made from carbon dioxide, not water.
Scientists believe that studying Mars can help answer some of the key questions about our planet Earth, or even the universe.
____39____ Since 1960, more than half of all attempted Mars missions have failed. The USA, Russia, the European Space Agency, and several other countries have lost many spacecraft in their quest to explore the Red Planet. Nevertheless, they will still continue their explorations. Chinese experts are confident about their plan to explore Mars, in spite of the many challenges. The first Mars unmanned spacecraft was launched from Wenchang around 2020. But it is only the beginning of deep voyages into outer space. ____40____
A. It is roughly 27 kilometres high.
B. Missions to Mars have never been easy.
C. Mars, however, today has no active volcanoes.
D. The temperature at the planet’s surface varies widely.
E. However, Mars does have weather, with clouds and winds.
F. China will continue to explore the mysteries of the universe.
G. It is one of the few planets that we can see with our own eyes.
第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分50分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分， 满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
We had just completed a unit on heroes, and I had given my kindergarten class a task to ____41____ their favorite hero. Each child was ____42____ with the task, creating colorful masterpieces.
However, one little boy was having ____43____ with the task. Cameron was with autism, but that didn’t matter to me or his classmates. We all ____44____ him just the way he was. I sat and watched as Austin, a precocious little boy, ____45____ with Cameron. Within a few minutes, Cameron quickly began drawing and then coloring his paper.
Finally, it was time for everybody to share their pictures. I listened as each student ____46____ stood in front of the class, picture held high, and ____47____ his or her hero. It was finally Cameron’s ____48____. He stood up and anxiously placed his drawing in front of his ____49____ to avoid eye contact. We all fixed our eyes on the picture.____50____ to know who it was. He then said it was a picture of me. He added that I helped him learn things and then ____51____ sat down. Tears began to form in my eyes, but nothing could have ____52____ me for what happened next.
When Austin stood up, he proudly held up a picture of Cameron. Austin shared that Cameron was his hero because Cameron had this ____53____ that made it really hard to learn, but he was like Superman and was really smart.
Cameron immediately stood up, and put his arms up in the air as if he were going to ____54____, yelling out, “I’m Superman!” The entire class began striking Superman poses, too. Within minutes, we were all laughing as though we had truly discovered the secret of becoming ____55____.
41. A. draw B. choose C. interview D. write
42. A. angry B. busy C. bored D. satisfied
43. A. patience B. fun C. difficulty D. connection
44. A. judged B. admired C. ignored D. loved
45. A. fought B. argued C. agreed D. worked
46. A. proudly B. instantly C. shyly D. frequently
47. A. preferred B. described C. followed D. compared
48. A. fault B. duty C. turn D. point
49. A. back B. chest C. stomach D. face
50. A. curious B. certain C. surprised D. disappointed
51. A. unwillingly B. bravely C. quickly D. impolitely
52. A. asked B. prepared C. accounted D. excused
53. A. preference B. habit C. sickness D. hobby
54. A. set off B. back off C. show off D. take off
55. A. masters B. superheroes C. figures D. leaders
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在题后空白处填入适当的内容（每空一词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
“I came to Xi’an when I was 18 years old,” said Sema, a woman from Turkey, ____56____ is fluent in Chinese and she gives herself a Chinese name, Nv Zi.
____57____ (live) in Xi’an for eight years makes her very familiar with Xi an cuisine. Her husband is from Xi’an, and their son is 11 months old. Nv Zi is ____58____ (current) a postgraduate studying comparative education at Shanxi Normal University. In her spare time, she is interested in food and hopes to become a food blogger. Nv Zi has a food workshop at her home, ____59____ all kinds of kitchen tools, as well as ____60____ (equip) for shooting food videos, such as special lights, cameras and tripods. Nv Zi opened a Douyin account ____61____ (introduce) and recommend the cuisine of her hometown to Chinese netizens. Regularly, she____62____ (perform) Chinese food to Turks. During gatherings, she often cooks Xi an food, such as biangbiang noodles, spicy soup, and paomo. Although she ____63____ (be) to many places in China and tried ____64____ wide variety of food, her favorite is Xi’an cuisine. In her view, the food of Xi’an is like____65____ (it) people — simple and enthusiastic.
“As a Turk, I like Xi’an’s food, history and culture”.
第三节 补全语篇（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）从方框中选择合适的表达，填入短文的空格中，并在答题卡对应位置填写字母，使短文完整连贯。每个选项只能使用一次,有一个多余选项。
选词填空
A. ticks all the right boxes B. put on C. lives up to D. get across E. make an impact on F. makes a comment on G. are not familiar with H. Dating back to I. thanks to J. on the edge of your seat K. fall in love with
Cantonese opera is one of the oldest forms of traditional Chinese opera, whose art form will keep you _______66_______ with its explosive effects. It certainly ________67________ its reputation (名声) with appealing performances. ________68________ the 12th century, Cantonese opera has developed a unique performance style since the Ming Dynasty. Wearing their colorful costumes and makeup, artists effortlessly ________69________ dramatic stories to the audiences. All too often, it ________70________ various social aspects. This cultural heritage continues to ________71________ audiences with its musical and theatrical qualities. All in all, Cantonese Opera ________72________ for a cultural experience; when it is________73________, its wide range of performance forms, including singing, recitation, acrobatics, fighting, and dancing amaze audiences. With the great interest in traditional art, young audiences who ________74________ this opera are now showing a strong passion for learning it. Besides, more and more international friends ___________75___________ it due to its popularity worldwide.
第四部分 应用文写作 (满分20分)
76. 你校英语墙报正在征集以“保护环境，从我做起”为主题的稿件。请你写一篇短文投稿。内容:
(1)简要介绍保护环境原因；
(2)提出切实可行的建议；
(3)简述这些建议的理由。
注意：(1)词数80左右;
(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
What can I do for our environment
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