剑桥中学2023—2024学年度第二学期高二4月月考
英语试卷
分值：120分 时间：100分钟
第一部分：听力（略）
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出最佳选项。
A
Sometimes accommodation can feel restricting when you’re traveling. If you’re in an unfamiliar country, it might be tempting (有吸引力的) just to go and stay in a hotel. It doesn’t hurt to step out of your comfort zone from time to time though, and there are plenty of accommodation options that aren’t hotels that are easily accessible and not too hard on the wallet.
Home Swap
There is a way to stay in a beautiful home for a minimal cost The hidden disadvantage A stranger is also staying in your home. Home swaps are increasing in popularity and there are sites dedicated to giving you peace of mind so that you can enjoy your holiday in the comfort that your home isn’t being messed up.
Houseboat
The perfect option for those who love the water, houseboats come in all levels of luxury, so you should be able to find one that suits your budget. It could be tough to get the hang of controlling your home if you’re unfamiliar with boats, but it a skill that you should pick up relatively quickly!
Igloo
Obviously not an option in anywhere warm, staying in an igloo for a night is actually a lot warmer than you think! Don’t worry about accommodation experience, there are plenty of igloos around the world that can provide services as varied as ice bars and hot bathtubs, so you can survive this odd experience in comfort and without freezing.
Cottage
A great way to provide freedom and a “home away from home” feeling is to rent a cottage on your holiday. A cottage can give authentic home y feel to a foreign country. Most can comfortably fit a family and give children plenty of space to play, so a cottage is a great option for the family holiday.
1. What is the advantage of home swap
A. It can make travelers relaxed. B. It has beautifully decorated rooms.
C. It provides good traditional cuisine. D. It can help you interact with a stranger.
2. What is probably the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in an igloo
A. Comfort. B. Diet. C. Location. D. Reservation.
3. Which accommodation best suits a big family with children
A. Home Swap. B. Houseboat. C. Cottage. D. Igloo.
B
Are you an “I person” or an “E person” These two personality labels in particular are widely discussed online. They are part of a popular personality test called the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, or MBTI. There are 16 personalities in all, of which “I” and “E” refer to “introverted” and “extroverted”, respectively.
Even if someone is typically quiet, many online discussions suggest that an “I person” can still act outgoing at times. For example, when an introverted person is with a group of introverted friends, they might become more social like an “E” person.
According to psychologists, this idea of temporarily switching personalities is called “masking”. That is hiding your true personality in specific situations. “Human beings want to feel they belong, and they might become people-pleasers to do so,” wrote the MasterClass website.
Thinking on this, I may actually be the kind of person that these people are discussing. Most times, I just wish to make the atmosphere more interesting and exciting and show people that I’m easy to get along with. But deep down, I mostly enjoy being alone and quiet.
Using the MBTI result to identify and describe someone’s personality seems fun. However, I went too far at one time. My sister was excitedly making a day-to-day travel plan when I remembered from an article that a “P person” doesn’t like to make or stick to plans, so I said to her, “You don’t seem like a ‘P person’”. “Why ” she asked back. “Since when do I need to follow what my personality test tells me to do ” It was then that I realized that I’d taken the result too seriously.
The MBTI personality test may show something you don’t know about yourself and can even be a fun ice-breaker question when meeting new friends. And that’s all it is—for fun. Knowing someone’s MBTI result doesn’t mean you really know this person.
4. An “I person” tends to ________.
A. reflect on problems alone B. enjoy gatherings with friends
C. be active in social situations D. try to chat with complete strangers
5. Why does an “I person” act like an “E person” sometimes
A. Because he/she wants to be like others.
B. Because he/she needs a sense of belonging.
C. Because he/she dislikes to embarrass others.
D. Because he/she is actually an “E person” deep inside.
6. What does the writer mean by saying “I went too far” in paragraph 5
A. She pushed her sister too much.
B. She failed to help her sister follow her plan.
C. She believed blindly the result of the personality test.
D. She discouraged her sister to make a detailed travel plan.
7. What does the writer think about the MBTI
A. It is supposed to be strictly followed.
B. It tells you everything about your personality.
C. It’s an interesting way to start a chat with a stranger.
D. It’s a reliable approach to telling what type of people a person belongs to.
C
When opening certain mobile apps, users often find disruptive (有干扰性的) open-app advertisements that impact their experience. Open-app advertisements are advertisements that appear in between contents or during transition screens, such as when an app is loading the next page. Some of these advertisements can redirect users to another app if the phone is shaken, causing a lot of frustration for consumers.
These open-app advertisements function as gateways and become more common during online shopping festivals redirecting users to shopping platforms such as Taobao and JD. Most smartphones have a gyroscope sensor (陀螺仪传感器) to detect shaking, leading to unintentional redirection. Many users not only find it annoying to find themselves on an advertisements page, but also have trouble disabling the gyroscope feature since sometimes their phones lack the choice to do so to avoid this issue.
In response, authorities have introduced detailed regulations on shaking advertisements gateways. A regulation published in December 2022 outlines specific rules for the design of “shake-to-open” advertisements. It says that these advertisements can only be “clicked through” if the phone’s rotation angle exceeds 35 degrees, with an action time longer than three seconds.
Additionally, in February, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology emphasized that pop-up or open-app advertisements should not disrupt users’ experiences. A regulation introduced in May states that advertisements must include a clear button for users to close them.
Government enforcement of these regulations presents challenges, as the number of apps and developers is great. However, this should not be an excuse for internet platforms to break the rules, as this behavior causes far more harm than good. A survey by the Jiangsu Consumer Council showed that over 90 percent of users strongly dislike open-app advertisements, feeling that their rights are being threatened.
While these advertisements might lead to more clicks, the fact is that the advertisements may harm the credibility of the platforms that the advertisements lead to and weaken the users’ willingness to use the platforms. Platforms can achieve a mutually beneficial (互惠互利) solution only if they respect users’ choices and provide suitable advertisements that users are willing to accept.
8. What does the first paragraph mainly talk about concerning open-app ads
A. The benefits of open-app ads for online shopping platforms.
B. The lack of regulations governing traditional advertising methods.
C. The effectiveness of open-app ads in increasing users’ engagement.
D. The negative impact of disruptive open-app ads on users’ experience.
9. What was regulated in December 2022 about “shake-to-open” ads
A. They can be clicked through without any restrictions.
B. They can only be clicked through on certain conditions.
C. They should have a clear button for users to close them.
D. They should appear for only three seconds on the screen.
10. How can platforms reach a win-win solution as mentioned in the last paragraph
A. By ignoring users’ choices.
B. By respecting users’ preferences.
C. By presenting more irrelevant ads.
D. By flooding users with more profitable ads.
11. What is the best title of the passage
A. The Preferences of Shopping Platforms.
B. The Challenges of Online Shopping Festivals.
C. The Role of Advertisements in Improving Users’ Experience.
D. The Battle against Disruptive Advertisements on Mobile Apps.
D
Whether you call them feral pigs, boar, swine, hogs, or even razorbacks, wild pigs are one of the most damaging invasive species on Earth, and they’re infamous for damaging agriculture and native wildlife.
A big reason they’re so harmful is that they uproot soil at vast scales, like tractors ploughing a field. Our new research, published recently, is the first to calculate the global extent of this and its effects on carbon emissions.
Our findings were horrible. We discovered the total area of soil uprooted by wild pigs is likely the same area as Switzerland. This releases 4.9 million tonnes of carbon dioxide each year the same as one million cars. The majority of these emissions occur in Oceania. A huge portion of Earth’s carbon is stored in soil, so releasing even a small part of this into the atmosphere can have a huge impact on climate change.
It’s estimated that wild pigs destroy more than US$74 million worth of crops and grass each year in Australia, and more than US $270 million in just 12 states in the USA. Wild pigs have also been found to directly threaten 672 vertebrates (脊椎动物) and plant species across 54 different countries. This includes Australian ground frogs, tree frogs and multiple orchid species which are imperiled, as pigs destroy their habitats and hunt them for food.
Their geographic range is expected to expand in the coming decades, suggesting their threats to food security and biodiversity will likely worsen. But here, let’s focus on their contribution to global emissions.
One such study was conducted for three years in hardwood forests of Switzerland. The researchers found wild pigs caused soil carbon emissions to increase by around 23% per year. Similarly, a study in the Jigong Mountains National Nature Reserve in China found soil emissions increased by more than 70% per year in places disturbed by wild pigs.
12. Why are wild pigs unpopular according to the text
A. For their threat to humans. B. For their damaging effects.
C. For their consuming too much food. D. For their bad effects on tractors.
13 What danger do wild pigs pose by uprooting soil
A. Leading to dry and acid soil.
B. Damaging the source of drinking water.
C. Increasing too much soil carbon emissions.
D. Reducing the area of agricultural land greatly.
14. Which can replace the underlined word “imperiled” in paragraph 4
A. In pain. B. In alarm. C. In chaos. D. In danger.
15. What may be the best title for the text
A. The threat of wild pigs
B. Wild pigs on a global scale
C. A new problem faced by farmers
D. The impact of emissions on climate change
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tai chi is a wellness practice that combines slow, gentle movements and postures with mindfulness. ____16____. As a traditional, slow-moving form of Chinese martial art, tai chi is known to increase flexibility and improve balance. Now, new research suggests it’s better than more vigorous aerobic exercises for lowering blood pressure in people with prehypertension (高血压前期) .
In the study, researchers in China randomly assigned 342 adults with prehypertension to one of two interventions. Roughly half the people participated in aerobic exercise, including jogging, climbing stairs and cycling. ____17____ Both groups got hourlong sessions four times a week.
After 12 months, those in the tai chi group saw bigger drops in their blood pressure than those in the aerobic exercise group. What’s more, nearly 22% of the people who practiced tai chi saw their blood pressure fall to within normal range. ____18____ And fewer patients in the tai chi group went on to develop high blood pressure.
____19____ The practice tends to elicit (引起) more of a response from the parasympathetic nervous system (副交感神经系统) that relaxes your body after periods of stress or danger, says Rut h Taylor-Piliae, a professor at the University of Arizona’s College of Nursing.
Tai chi is appealing as a form of exercise because it is low impact and requires little space or equipment. “I think the beauty of tai chi is that you don’t have to have a special gym membership or special clohing, “ Taylor-Piliae says. “Once you learn tai chi, you can do it anytime, anyplace, anywhere. ____20____”
A. It can help reduce anxiety.
B. The other half was trained to practice tai chi.
C It’s often called meditation (冥想) in motion.
D. So why does tai chi gain in popularity among people
E. So what is it about tai chi that helps lower blood pressure
F. By contrast, that number was 16% in the aerobic exercise group.
G. But you have to practice it consistently to gain the most benefit.
第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Anoushé Husain has packed more into her 35 years than most people manage in a lifetime. Born____21____her right arm below the elbow, Husain threw herself into____22____as a youngster. But hand surgery, then a two-year struggle with cancer, put an ____23____to that passion. “Surgery left me with moving____24____and strength issues,” she says. “I was sedentary (需要久坐的)for long. Then a friend told me to go rock climbing.”
The moment____25____everything. “I needed much balance and skill to do the same moves as her,” says Husain. “But by concentrating on it, I ____26____ my illness. I was just a climber. That____27____ made me confident. So after moving to London from Luxembourg in 2015, I started ____28____ in Finsbury Park. I didn’t meet any other disabled climbers in London, which seemed ____29____.Climbing with able-bodied people, I sometimes felt_____30_____ as a young woman with cancer.”
Eventually, Husain entered a _____31_____. “I got a coach and by 2016, I was ranked second in the UK, and later went to the IFSC Climbing World Cup,” she says. “_____32_____, I met many other disabled climbers who said it was a_____33_____ that we only met up for events. So in 2017, I set up a_____34_____for disabled climbers.” Within a week, she had over 50 members. That first year, she ran over 40 sessions. “It _____35_____my life,” she says.
21. A. missing B. moving C. testing D. exercising
22. A. work B. sport C. nature D. performance
23. A. end B. order C. idea D. agreement
24. A. guarantee B. energy C. training D. difficulty
25. A. formed B. proved C. changed D. discovered
26. A. recorded B. forgot C. rewarded D. collected
27. A. request B. action C. feeling D. opportunity
28. A. studying B. living C. walking D. climbing
29. A. primitive B. interesting C. incredible D. meaningful
30. A. lonely B. attractive C. angry D. satisfied
31. A. debate B. routine C. process D. competition
32. A. Generally B. Unexpectedly C. Hopefully D. Unluckily
33. A. shame B. wonder C. surprise D. pleasure
34. A. company B. club C. comment D. country
35. A. came across B. depended on C. took up D. brought about
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Recently ____36____ Internet slang word foxi has become popular, encouraging young people to remain calm and peaceful and avoid conflict as much as possible, ____37____ other words, to live with an “I don’ t care” attitude. The word ____38____ (create) in Japan in 2014 to describe young men who no longer bother to follow someone else’s life path. They prefer to stay in their own world without ____39____ (disturb) and care little about passion and success.
Now, Chinese internet users are pairing the word with other words to describe a similar mindset, for example, “foxi students” are those ____40____ study just the right amount—they don’t cut class, but they don’t burn the midnight oil, either. However, some feel ____41____ (worry) about it, for they say that foxi actually reflects the ____42____ (real) that young people are losing their will____43____ (fight). They are pretending to keep a healthy and wise attitude towards failure ____44____ (simple) because they’re unable to succeed.
But no matter what, there is one thing that “foxi youngsters”should keep in mind: Not only keep a calm mindset about failure, _____45_____ be positive about school, work and life.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 上周，你班就“双减”这一话题进行了讨论。请你根据下表提示，介绍讨论情况，并说明自己的观点。
赞成 1.作业、学习压力减小； 2.有更多的时间培养自己的兴趣爱好； 3.……
反对 1.业余时间多了，一些孩子可能会打游戏； 2.只有努力学习，才能打下更扎实的基础； 3.……
你的看法 ……
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：双减 double-lightening the burden
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When school was over, the students were informed that there was no school on Monday-the Labor Day. “Enjoy your extra day off,” said the teacher. An extra day of fun suited Flora just fine. She loved breaks and expected to go out to play with her friends. When the school bus dropped Flora off, she ran into the house happily.
“How was school, Flora ” asked her mom.
“It was great, Mom. I am excited about no school on Monday.”
“You just started back to school two weeks ago. Already in need of a break, huh ” asked Flora’s mom with a laugh.
Flora slept in the next morning. Saturday was her favorite day of the week. It rained most of the day, so Flora enjoyed playing video games inside. On Sunday, her friends came over and they played basketbal1 for several hours. Then it was Labor Day, you know, the extra day off that Flora was so looking forward to. But Flora was awakened early that morning by her dad. He told Flora that in honor of Labor Day, the family would be cleaning both inside and outside the house. Flora couldn’t believe it. This was a holiday, a day when she was supposed to be enjoying freshly squeezed lemonade while playing in her tree house. As Flora rubbed her eyes, she began to wonder if this was just a bad dream.
“Flora, your breakfast is ready. We have a lot of work to do today. Let’s get a move on,” said Flora’s mom. As she sat down at the kitchen table, Flora asked her parents, “Are you serious about working today Isn’t Labor Day a holiday ”
“Yes, Flora. It is,” replied her dad. “But your mom and I thought working hard today would make you appreciate why Labor Day was observed in the first place.”
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右;
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答．
Flora felt disappointed at her parents’ plan for the holiday.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Things began to change as she was doing the chores.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________剑桥中学2023—2024学年度第二学期高二4月月考
英语试卷
分值：120分 时间：100分钟
第一部分：听力（略）
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出最佳选项。
A
Sometimes accommodation can feel restricting when you’re traveling. If you’re in an unfamiliar country, it might be tempting (有吸引力) just to go and stay in a hotel. It doesn’t hurt to step out of your comfort zone from time to time though, and there are plenty of accommodation options that aren’t hotels that are easily accessible and not too hard on the wallet.
Home Swap
There is a way to stay in a beautiful home for a minimal cost. The hidden disadvantage A stranger is also staying in your home. Home swaps are increasing in popularity and there are sites dedicated to giving you peace of mind so that you can enjoy your holiday in the comfort that your home isn’t being messed up.
Houseboat
The perfect option for those who love the water, houseboats come in all levels of luxury, so you should be able to find one that suits your budget. It could be tough to get the hang of controlling your home if you’re unfamiliar with boats, but it a skill that you should pick up relatively quickly!
Igloo
Obviously not an option in anywhere warm, staying in an igloo for a night is actually a lot warmer than you think! Don’t worry about accommodation experience, there are plenty of igloos around the world that can provide services as varied as ice bars and hot bathtubs, so you can survive this odd experience in comfort and without freezing.
Cottage
A great way to provide freedom and a “home away from home” feeling is to rent a cottage on your holiday. A cottage can give authentic, home y feel to a foreign country. Most can comfortably fit a family and give children plenty of space to play, so a cottage is a great option for the family holiday.
1. What is the advantage of home swap
A. It can make travelers relaxed. B. It has beautifully decorated rooms.
C. It provides good traditional cuisine. D. It can help you interact with a stranger.
2. What is probably the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in an igloo
A. Comfort. B. Diet. C. Location. D. Reservation.
3. Which accommodation best suits a big family with children
A. Home Swap. B. Houseboat. C. Cottage. D. Igloo.
【答案】1. A 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了外出旅游时其他值得体验的住宿方式。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Home Swap 部分“Home swaps are increasing in popularity and there are sites dedicated to giving you peace of mind so that you can enjoy your holiday in the comfort that your home isn’t being messed up(房屋交换越来越受欢迎，有一些网站致力于让你安心，这样你就可以在舒适的环境中享受假期，你的家不会被弄乱)” 可知，房屋互换的优点是可以让旅行者放松下来。故选A。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据 Igloo 部分“Don’t worry about accommodation experience, there are plenty of igloos around the world that can provide services as varied as ice bars and hot bathtubs, so you can survive this odd experience in comfort and without freezing.(不要担心住宿体验，世界上有很多冰屋，可以提供各种服务，如冰吧和热浴缸，所以你可以舒适地度过这段奇怪的经历，而不会被冻)”推知，舒适度是人们住冰屋时最关注的问题。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Cottage 部分“Most can comfortably fit a family and give children plenty of space to play, so a cottage is a great option for the family holiday.(大多数小屋都能舒适地容纳一个家庭，并给孩子们足够的玩耍空间，所以小屋是家庭度假的绝佳选择)” 可知，小别墅适合一家人一起出游时居住。故选D。
B
Are you an “I person” or an “E person” These two personality labels in particular are widely discussed online. They are part of a popular personality test called the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, or MBTI. There are 16 personalities in all, of which “I” and “E” refer to “introverted” and “extroverted”, respectively.
Even if someone is typically quiet, many online discussions suggest that an “I person” can still act outgoing at times. For example, when an introverted person is with a group of introverted friends, they might become more social like an “E” person.
According to psychologists, this idea of temporarily switching personalities is called “masking”. That is hiding your true personality in specific situations. “Human beings want to feel they belong, and they might become people-pleasers to do so,” wrote the MasterClass website.
Thinking on this, I may actually be the kind of person that these people are discussing. Most times, I just wish to make the atmosphere more interesting and exciting and show people that I’m easy to get along with. But deep down, I mostly enjoy being alone and quiet.
Using the MBTI result to identify and describe someone’s personality seems fun. However, I went too far at one time. My sister was excitedly making a day-to-day travel plan when I remembered from an article that a “P person” doesn’t like to make or stick to plans, so I said to her, “You don’t seem like a ‘P person’”. “Why ” she asked back. “Since when do I need to follow what my personality test tells me to do ” It was then that I realized that I’d taken the result too seriously.
The MBTI personality test may show something you don’t know about yourself and can even be a fun ice-breaker question when meeting new friends. And that’s all it is—for fun. Knowing someone’s MBTI result doesn’t mean you really know this person.
4. An “I person” tends to ________.
A. reflect on problems alone B. enjoy gatherings with friends
C. be active in social situations D. try to chat with complete strangers
5. Why does an “I person” act like an “E person” sometimes
A. Because he/she wants to be like others.
B. Because he/she needs a sense of belonging.
C. Because he/she dislikes to embarrass others.
D. Because he/she is actually an “E person” deep inside.
6. What does the writer mean by saying “I went too far” in paragraph 5
A She pushed her sister too much.
B. She failed to help her sister follow her plan.
C. She believed blindly the result of the personality test.
D. She discouraged her sister to make a detailed travel plan.
7. What does the writer think about the MBTI
A. It is supposed to be strictly followed.
B. It tells you everything about your personality.
C. It’s an interesting way to start a chat with a stranger.
D. It’s a reliable approach to telling what type of people a person belongs to.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了Myers-Briggs Type Indicator（MBTI）人格测试中的“I”（内向）和“E”（外向）两种类型。文章指出，尽管人们通常被归为某一类型，但在特定情况下可能会暂时表现出不同的性格特点，这被称为“掩饰”。作者反思自己可能也是这种会在不同场合表现出不同性格的人。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Even if someone is typically quiet, many online discussions suggest that an “I person” can still act outgoing at times.(即使某人是典型的沉默寡言，许多在线讨论表明，一个“I person”有时仍然可以表现得外向。)”可知，一个“I person”往往会自己一个人思考问题，故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“For example, when an introverted person is with a group of introverted friends, they might become more social like an “E” person.(例如，当一个内向的人和一群内向的朋友在一起时，他们可能会变得更像一个“E”型的人。)”和第三段“Human beings want to feel they belong, and they might become people-pleasers to do so(人类想要归属感，为此他们可能会成为取悦他人的人)”可知，“I person”有时候表现得像“E person”，因为他/她需要归属感。故选B。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第五段“Using the MBTI result to identify and describe someone’s personality seems fun.(用MBTI测试的结果来识别和描述一个人的性格似乎很有趣。)”和“It was then that I realized that I’d taken the result too seriously.(那时我才意识到我把结果看得太认真了。)”可知，作者在第5段说“I went too far”的意思是她盲目地相信了性格测试的结果。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The MBTI personality test may show something you don’t know about yourself and can even be a fun ice-breaker question when meeting new friends.(MBTI人格测试可能会显示出你对自己不了解的一些东西，甚至可以成为你结识新朋友时一个有趣的破冰问题。)”可知，作者认为MBTI是和陌生人开始聊天的有趣方式。故选C。
C
When opening certain mobile apps, users often find disruptive (有干扰性的) open-app advertisements that impact their experience. Open-app advertisements are advertisements that appear in between contents or during transition screens, such as when an app is loading the next page. Some of these advertisements can redirect users to another app if the phone is shaken, causing a lot of frustration for consumers.
These open-app advertisements function as gateways and become more common during online shopping festivals, redirecting users to shopping platforms such as Taobao and JD. Most smartphones have a gyroscope sensor (陀螺仪传感器) to detect shaking, leading to unintentional redirection. Many users not only find it annoying to find themselves on an advertisements page, but also have trouble disabling the gyroscope feature since sometimes their phones lack the choice to do so to avoid this issue.
In response, authorities have introduced detailed regulations on shaking advertisements gateways. A regulation published in December 2022 outlines specific rules for the design of “shake-to-open” advertisements. It says that these advertisements can only be “clicked through” if the phone’s rotation angle exceeds 35 degrees, with an action time longer than three seconds.
Additionally, in February, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology emphasized that pop-up or open-app advertisements should not disrupt users’ experiences. A regulation introduced in May states that advertisements must include a clear button for users to close them.
Government enforcement of these regulations presents challenges, as the number of apps and developers is great. However, this should not be an excuse for internet platforms to break the rules, as this behavior causes far more harm than good. A survey by the Jiangsu Consumer Council showed that over 90 percent of users strongly dislike open-app advertisements, feeling that their rights are being threatened.
While these advertisements might lead to more clicks, the fact is that the advertisements may harm the credibility of the platforms that the advertisements lead to and weaken the users’ willingness to use the platforms. Platforms can achieve a mutually beneficial (互惠互利) solution only if they respect users’ choices and provide suitable advertisements that users are willing to accept.
8. What does the first paragraph mainly talk about concerning open-app ads
A. The benefits of open-app ads for online shopping platforms.
B. The lack of regulations governing traditional advertising methods.
C. The effectiveness of open-app ads in increasing users’ engagement.
D. The negative impact of disruptive open-app ads on users’ experience.
9. What was regulated in December 2022 about “shake-to-open” ads
A. They can be clicked through without any restrictions.
B. They can only be clicked through on certain conditions.
C. They should have a clear button for users to close them.
D. They should appear for only three seconds on the screen.
10. How can platforms reach a win-win solution as mentioned in the last paragraph
A. By ignoring users’ choices.
B. By respecting users’ preferences.
C. By presenting more irrelevant ads.
D. By flooding users with more profitable ads.
11. What is the best title of the passage
A. The Preferences of Shopping Platforms.
B. The Challenges of Online Shopping Festivals.
C. The Role of Advertisements in Improving Users’ Experience.
D. The Battle against Disruptive Advertisements on Mobile Apps.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了用户打开某个手机应用程序时弹出的开屏广告问题、政府针对此问题出台的相关规定以及解决此问题的建议。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。文章第一段“When opening certain mobile apps, users often find disruptive (有干扰性的) open-app advertisements that impact their experience. Open-app advertisements are advertisements that appear in between contents or during transition screens, such as when an app is loading the next page. Some of these advertisements can redirect users to another app if the phone is shaken, causing a lot of frustration for consumers.(当打开某些移动应用程序时，用户经常会发现有干扰性的开屏广告会影响他们的体验。开屏广告是出现在内容之间或在过渡屏幕期间的广告，例如当应用程序加载下一页时。如果手机摇晃，其中一些广告会将用户重定向到另一个应用程序，给消费者带来很多挫败感。)”主要阐述打开某些应用程序时所出现的干扰性开屏广告影响用户的体验，给用户带来挫败感；由此可知，第一段主要阐述干扰性开屏广告对用户体验的负面影响。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“A regulation published in December 2022 outlines specific rules for the design of “shake-to-open” advertisements. It says that these advertisements can only be “clicked through” if the phone’s rotation angle exceeds 35 degrees, with an action time longer than three seconds.(2022年12月发布的一项规定概述了“摇一摇跳转”广告设计的具体规则。该规定表明，只有当手机的旋转角度超过35度，且操作时间超过3秒时，才能“点击触发”这些广告。)”可知，2022年12月所发布的针对“摇一摇跳转”广告的一项规定要求，只有在特定条件下“摇一摇跳转”广告才能触发，即只有当手机的旋转角度超过35度，且操作时间超过3秒时。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Platforms can achieve a mutually beneficial (互惠互利) solution only if they respect users’ choices and provide suitable advertisements that users are willing to accept.(平台只有尊重用户的选择，提供用户愿意接受的合适广告，才能实现互利共赢的解决方案。)”可知，最后一段提出，通过尊重用户的选择和喜好，平台才能实现双赢的解决方案。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。文章第一段中“When opening certain mobile apps, users often find disruptive (有干扰性的) open-app advertisements that impact their experience. (当打开某些移动应用程序时，用户经常会发现有干扰性的开屏广告会影响他们的体验。)”以及第二段指出打开某些移动应用程序时出现的干扰性开屏广告会影响用户的体验；下文中作者介绍了政府有关部门针对这些广告所出台的相关规定，并提出解决此问题的建议；由此可知，D选项“The Battle against Disruptive Advertisements on Mobile Apps.(与移动应用程序上干扰性的广告的斗争。)”能够概括文章主旨，适合作为最佳标题，故选D。
D
Whether you call them feral pigs, boar, swine, hogs, or even razorbacks, wild pigs are one of the most damaging invasive species on Earth, and they’re infamous for damaging agriculture and native wildlife.
A big reason they’re so harmful is that they uproot soil at vast scales, like tractors ploughing a field. Our new research, published recently, is the first to calculate the global extent of this and its effects on carbon emissions.
Our findings were horrible. We discovered the total area of soil uprooted by wild pigs is likely the same area as Switzerland. This releases 4.9 million tonnes of carbon dioxide each year the same as one million cars. The majority of these emissions occur in Oceania. A huge portion of Earth’s carbon is stored in soil, so releasing even a small part of this into the atmosphere can have a huge impact on climate change.
It’s estimated that wild pigs destroy more than US$74 million worth of crops and grass each year in Australia, and more than US $270 million in just 12 states in the USA. Wild pigs have also been found to directly threaten 672 vertebrates (脊椎动物) and plant species across 54 different countries. This includes Australian ground frogs, tree frogs and multiple orchid species which are imperiled, as pigs destroy their habitats and hunt them for food.
Their geographic range is expected to expand in the coming decades, suggesting their threats to food security and biodiversity will likely worsen. But here, let’s focus on their contribution to global emissions.
One such study was conducted for three years in hardwood forests of Switzerland. The researchers found wild pigs caused soil carbon emissions to increase by around 23% per year. Similarly, a study in the Jigong Mountains National Nature Reserve in China found soil emissions increased by more than 70% per year in places disturbed by wild pigs.
12. Why are wild pigs unpopular according to the text
A. For their threat to humans. B. For their damaging effects.
C. For their consuming too much food. D. For their bad effects on tractors.
13. What danger do wild pigs pose by uprooting soil
A. Leading to dry and acid soil.
B. Damaging the source of drinking water.
C. Increasing too much soil carbon emissions.
D. Reducing the area of agricultural land greatly.
14. Which can replace the underlined word “imperiled” in paragraph 4
A. In pain. B. In alarm. C. In chaos. D. In danger.
15. What may be the best title for the text
A. The threat of wild pigs
B. Wild pigs on a global scale
C. A new problem faced by farmers
D. The impact of emissions on climate change
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍野猪给人类带来的危害和威胁。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Whether you call them feral pigs, boar, swine, hogs, or even razorbacks, wild pigs are one of the most damaging invasive species on Earth, and they’re infamous for damaging agriculture and native wildlife. (无论你称它们为野猪、野猪、猪、猪，甚至是剃刀背，野猪都是地球上最具破坏性的入侵物种之一，它们因破坏农业和当地野生动物而臭名昭著。)”可知，野猪不受欢迎是因为它对人类的破坏太严重。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“A big reason they’re so harmful is that they uproot soil at vast scales, like tractors ploughing a field. Our new research, published recently, is the first to calculate the global extent of this and its effects on carbon emissions. (它们如此有害的一个重要原因是，它们会大规模连根拔起土壤，就像拖拉机在犁地一样。我们最近发表的新研究首次计算了这种情况的全球范围及其对碳排放的影响。)”和第三段“Our findings were horrible. We discovered the total area of soil uprooted by wild pigs is likely the same area as Switzerland. This releases 4.9 million tonnes of carbon dioxide each year the same as one million cars. The majority of these emissions occur in Oceania. A huge portion of Earth’s carbon is stored in soil, so releasing even a small part of this into the atmosphere can have a huge impact on climate change. (我们的发现很可怕。我们发现，被野猪连根拔起的土壤总面积可能与瑞士相同。这每年释放490万吨二氧化碳，相当于100万辆汽车。这些排放的大部分发生在大洋洲。地球上很大一部分碳储存在土壤中，因此将其中的一小部分释放到大气中也会对气候变化产生巨大影响。)”可知，野猪连根拔起土壤对碳排放有很大的影响。故选C。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段“It’s estimated that wild pigs destroy more than US$74 million worth of crops and grass each year in Australia, and more than US $270 million in just 12 states in the USA. Wild pigs have also been found to directly threaten 672 vertebrates (脊椎动物) and plant species across 54 different countries. This includes Australian ground frogs, tree frogs and multiple orchid species which are imperiled, as pigs destroy their habitats and hunt them for food. (据估计，在澳大利亚，野猪每年破坏价值超过7400万美元的农作物和草地，在美国仅12个州就破坏了超过2.7亿美元。此外，还发现野猪直接威胁着54个不同国家的672种脊椎动物和植物物种。这包括澳大利亚的地蛙、树蛙和多种兰花物种，由于猪破坏了它们的栖息地并猎杀它们作为食物，它们受到了imperiled。)”可知，这一段主要介绍野猪对农作物、草地和其他物种造成的破坏和威胁，使得它们处于危险状态，所以imperiled的意思应该是“处于危险状态”，和选项D意思一致。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Whether you call them feral pigs, boar, swine, hogs, or even razorbacks, wild pigs are one of the most damaging invasive species on Earth, and they’re infamous for damaging agriculture and native wildlife. (无论你称它们为野猪、野猪、猪、猪，甚至是剃刀背，野猪都是地球上最具破坏性的入侵物种之一，它们因破坏农业和当地野生动物而臭名昭著。)”，第二段“A big reason they’re so harmful is that they uproot soil at vast scales, like tractors ploughing a field. Our new research, published recently, is the first to calculate the global extent of this and its effects on carbon emissions. (它们如此有害的一个重要原因是，它们会大规模连根拔起土壤，就像拖拉机在犁地一样。我们最近发表的新研究首次计算了这种情况的全球范围及其对碳排放的影响。)”和第四段“It’s estimated that wild pigs destroy more than US$74 million worth of crops and grass each year in Australia, and more than US $270 million in just 12 states in the USA. Wild pigs have also been found to directly threaten 672 vertebrates (脊椎动物) and plant species across 54 different countries. This includes Australian ground frogs, tree frogs and multiple orchid species which are imperiled, as pigs destroy their habitats and hunt them for food. (据估计，在澳大利亚，野猪每年破坏价值超过7400万美元的农作物和草地，在美国仅12个州就破坏了超过2.7亿美元。此外，还发现野猪直接威胁着54个不同国家的672种脊椎动物和植物物种。这包括澳大利亚的地蛙、树蛙和多种兰花物种，由于猪破坏了它们的栖息地并猎杀它们作为食物，它们受到了威胁。)”可知，这篇文章主要介绍野猪给人类带来的危害和威胁。故选A。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tai chi is a wellness practice that combines slow, gentle movements and postures with mindfulness. ____16____. As a traditional, slow-moving form of Chinese martial art, tai chi is known to increase flexibility and improve balance. Now, new research suggests it’s better than more vigorous aerobic exercises for lowering blood pressure in people with prehypertension (高血压前期) .
In the study, researchers in China randomly assigned 342 adults with prehypertension to one of two interventions. Roughly half the people participated in aerobic exercise, including jogging, climbing stairs and cycling. ____17____ Both groups got hourlong sessions four times a week.
After 12 months, those in the tai chi group saw bigger drops in their blood pressure than those in the aerobic exercise group. What’s more, nearly 22% of the people who practiced tai chi saw their blood pressure fall to within normal range. ____18____ And fewer patients in the tai chi group went on to develop high blood pressure.
____19____ The practice tends to elicit (引起) more of a response from the parasympathetic nervous system (副交感神经系统) that relaxes your body after periods of stress or danger says Rut h Taylor-Piliae, a professor at the University of Arizona’s College of Nursing.
Tai chi is appealing as a form of exercise because it is low impact and requires little space or equipment. “I think the beauty of tai chi is that you don’t have to have a special gym membership or special clohing, “ Taylor-Piliae says. “Once you learn tai chi, you can do it anytime, anyplace, anywhere. ____20____”
A. It can help reduce anxiety.
B. The other half was trained to practice tai chi.
C. It’s often called meditation (冥想) in motion.
D. So why does tai chi gain in popularity among people
E. So what is it about tai chi that helps lower blood pressure
F. By contrast, that number was 16% in the aerobic exercise group.
G. But you have to practice it consistently to gain the most benefit.
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. F 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章首先介绍了太极拳的基本特点及其对身心健康的益处，然后通过一项新的研究进一步说明太极拳对降低高血压前期人群血压的积极作用。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Tai chi is a wellness practice that combines slow, gentle movements and postures with mindfulness.(太极拳是一种健康练习，它结合了缓慢、温和的动作和姿势以及正念。)”可知，上文描述了太极拳的特点，即结合了缓慢、轻柔的动作和姿势与专注力。接下来的句子应该是对太极拳这一特点的进一步解释或补充。C项：It’s often called meditation (冥想) in motion.(它通常被称为运动冥想。)符合语境。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据上文“In the study, researchers in China randomly assigned 342 adults with prehypertension to one of two interventions. Roughly half the people participated in aerobic exercise, including jogging, climbing stairs and cycling.(在这项研究中，中国的研究人员随机将342名患有高血压前期的成年人分为两组。大约一半的人参加了有氧运动，包括慢跑、爬楼梯和骑自行车。)”可知，空处指出另一半参加研究的人的干预方式，并且与太极拳有关。B项：The other half was trained to practice tai chi.(另一半被训练去练太极。)符合语境。故选B。
【18题详解】
根据上文“After 12 months, those in the tai chi group saw bigger drops in their blood pressure than those in the aerobic exercise group. What’s more, nearly 22% of the people who practiced tai chi saw their blood pressure fall to within normal range.(12个月后，太极拳组血压下降幅度大于有氧运动组。更重要的是，近22%的练太极的人血压降到了正常范围内。)”可知，空处承接上文，指出有氧运动组的结果。F项：By contrast, that number was 16% in the aerobic exercise group.(相比之下，有氧运动组的这个数字是16%。)符合语境。故选F。
【19题详解】
空处是段落主旨句。根据下文“The practice tends to elicit (引起) more of a response from the parasympathetic nervous system (副交感神经系统) that relaxes your body after periods of stress or danger, says Rut h Taylor-Piliae, a professor at the University of Arizona’s College of Nursing.(亚利桑那大学护理学院教授拉特·泰勒-皮利亚说，这种做法往往会引起副交感神经系统的更多反应，在经历了一段时间的压力或危险后，这种反应会放松你的身体。)”可知，本段主要讲述了太极拳如何帮助降低血压。E项：So what is it about tai chi that helps lower blood pressure (那么，太极拳到底是怎么帮助降低血压的呢？)符合语境。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Tai chi is appealing as a form of exercise because it is low impact and requires little space or equipment. “I think the beauty of tai chi is that you don’t have to have a special gym membership or special clohing, “ Taylor-Piliae says. “Once you learn tai chi, you can do it anytime, anyplace, anywhere.(太极拳作为一种运动形式很有吸引力，因为它的冲击力小，需要的空间和设备也很少。泰勒-皮利亚说:“我认为太极拳的美妙之处在于，你不需要有特殊的健身房会员资格或特殊的服装。”“一旦你学会了太极，你就可以在任何时间、任何地点、任何地方练习。)”可知，最后一段强调了太极拳作为锻炼形式的吸引力，提到了其低影响和无需特殊设备或空间的特点。G项：But you have to practice it consistently to gain the most benefit.(但是你必须坚持练习才能获得最大的好处。)是对这一点的补充，强调了持续练习的重要性，符合语境。故选G。
第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Anoushé Husain has packed more into her 35 years than most people manage in a lifetime. Born____21____her right arm below the elbow, Husain threw herself into____22____as a youngster. But hand surgery, then a two-year struggle with cancer, put an ____23____to that passion. “Surgery left me with moving____24____and strength issues,” she says. “I was sedentary (需要久坐的)for long. Then a friend told me to go rock climbing.”
The moment____25____everything. “I needed much balance and skill to do the same moves as her,” says Husain. “But by concentrating on it, I ____26____ my illness. I was just a climber. That____27____ made me confident. So after moving to London from Luxembourg in 2015, I started ____28____ in Finsbury Park. I didn’t meet any other disabled climbers in London, which seemed ____29____.Climbing with able-bodied people, I sometimes felt_____30_____ as a young woman with cancer.”
Eventually, Husain entered a _____31_____. “I got a coach and by 2016, I was ranked second in the UK, and later went to the IFSC Climbing World Cup,” she says. “_____32_____, I met many other disabled climbers who said it was a_____33_____ that we only met up for events. So in 2017, I set up a_____34_____for disabled climbers.” Within a week, she had over 50 members. That first year, she ran over 40 sessions. “It _____35_____my life,” she says.
21. A. missing B. moving C. testing D. exercising
22. A. work B. sport C. nature D. performance
23. A. end B. order C. idea D. agreement
24. A. guarantee B. energy C. training D. difficulty
25. A. formed B. proved C. changed D. discovered
26. A. recorded B. forgot C. rewarded D. collected
27. A. request B. action C. feeling D. opportunity
28. A. studying B. living C. walking D. climbing
29. A. primitive B. interesting C. incredible D. meaningful
30. A. lonely B. attractive C. angry D. satisfied
31. A. debate B. routine C. process D. competition
32. A. Generally B. Unexpectedly C. Hopefully D. Unluckily
33. A. shame B. wonder C. surprise D. pleasure
34. A. company B. club C. comment D. country
35. A. came across B. depended on C. took up D. brought about
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。Anoushé Husain天生残疾，但她凭着自己的努力，在攀岩上取得了巨大成就。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：侯赛因出生时缺少右臂肘部以下，但是年轻时她却投身于体育运动。A. missing错过，思念；B. moving移动；C. testing测试；D. exercising锻炼。根据下文中的“I didn’t meet any other disabled climbers in London”可知，侯赛因是一位残疾人，由此可猜测，此处指的是天生“失去”右臂肘部以下。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：侯赛因出生时缺少右臂肘部以下，但是年轻时她却投身于体育运动。A. work工作；B. sport体育；C. nature自然；D. performance表现。根据下文中的“Then a friend told me to go rock climbing.”可知，此处指的是她投身于体育运动之中。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但手部手术，以及随后两年与癌症的抗争，终结了这种激情。A. end结束；B. order命令；C. idea想法；D. agreement协议。根据上文中的“But hand surgery, then a two-year struggle with cancer”可知，手部手术以及与癌症抗争“结束”了她的激情，put an end to意为“结束”符合语境。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“手术给我带来了行动困难和力量问题，”她说。A. guarantee保证；B. energy能量；C. training培训；D. difficulty困难。根据“Surgery”可知，此处指的是手术造成的结果是行动“困难”。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一刻改变了一切。A. formed形成；B. proved证明；C. changed改变；D. discovered发现。根据上文中的“Then a friend told me to go rock climbing.”以及下文语境可知，此处指的朋友提议的那一刻，“改变”了她的一切。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但由于专注于它，我忘记了我的病。A. recorded记录；B. forgot忘记；C. rewarded奖励；D. collected收集。根据上文中的“But by concentrating on it”可知，由于专注而“忘记”自己的病痛。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种感觉让我充满信心。A. request请求；B. action行动；C. feeling感受；D. opportunity机会。根据上文中的“I was just a climber.”可知，作为攀岩者的“感受”使得她增加信心。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以2015年从卢森堡搬到伦敦后，我开始在芬斯伯里公园攀岩。A. studying学习；B. living居住；C. walking散步；D. climbing攀爬。根据上文中的“I was just a climber.”可知，作为一名攀岩者，应该是开始“训练”。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在伦敦，我没有遇到其他残疾攀岩者，这似乎令人难以置信。”A. primitive原始的；B. interesting有趣的；C. incredible难以置信的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据上文中的“I didn’t meet any other disabled climbers in London”可知，侯赛因在训练时没有遇到其他的残疾攀岩者，这让她觉得有些不可思议。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一名身患癌症的年轻女性，我有时会感到孤独。A. lonely孤独的；B. attractive吸引人的；C. angry愤怒的；D. satisfied满意的。根据上文中的“I didn’t meet any other disabled climbers in London”以及下文中的“as a young woman with cancer.”可知，作为一位年轻的女癌症患者与一些身体健康的人训练，这使得侯赛因有时觉得“孤独”。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终，侯赛因参加了一场比赛。A. debate辩论；B. routine路线；C. process过程；D. competition比赛。根据下文中的““I got a coach and by 2016, I was ranked second in the UK, and later went to the IFSC Climbing World Cup,” she says.”可知，此处指的是她参加了一场“比赛”。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，我遇到了许多其他残疾攀岩者，他们说我们只在活动中见面很遗憾。A. Generally一般地；B. Unexpectedly出乎意料的；C. Hopefully满怀希望的；D. Unluckily不幸地。根据上文中的“I didn’t meet any other disabled climbers in London”以及下文中的“I met many other disabled climbers”可知，从她没有遇到任何残疾攀岩者到现在遇到很多其他攀岩的残疾人者，这有些“出乎意料”。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，我遇到了许多其他残疾攀岩者，他们说我们只在活动中见面很遗憾。A. shame愧疚；B. wonder奇观；C. surprise惊讶；D. pleasure快乐。根据下文中的“that we only met up for events.”可知，残疾攀岩者认为他们只能在比赛时见面，应该是感觉很“遗憾”。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以在2017年，我为残疾攀岩者成立了一个俱乐部。A. company陪伴；B. club俱乐部；C. comment评论；D. country国家。根据上文中的“that we only met up for events.”以及下文中的“Within a week, she had over 50 members.”可知，此处指的是建立的“俱乐部”，现在俱乐部成员有50多人。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：“它占据了我的生活，”她说。A. came across偶遇；B. depended on依赖；C. took up从事，占据；D. brought about带来。根据上文中的“Within a week, she had over 50 members. That first year, she ran over 40 sessions.”可知，建立俱乐部后，会员增多，活动增多，所以俱乐部“占据”了她的生活。故选C项。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Recently ____36____ Internet slang word foxi has become popular, encouraging young people to remain calm and peaceful and avoid conflict as much as possible, ____37____ other words, to live with an “I don’ t care” attitude. The word ____38____ (create) in Japan in 2014 to describe young men who no longer bother to follow someone else’s life path. They prefer to stay in their own world without ____39____ (disturb) and care little about passion and success.
Now, Chinese internet users are pairing the word with other words to describe a similar mindset, for example, “foxi students” are those ____40____ study just the right amount—they don’t cut class, but they don’t burn the midnight oil, either. However, some feel ____41____ (worry) about it, for they say that foxi actually reflects the ____42____ (real) that young people are losing their will____43____ (fight). They are pretending to keep a healthy and wise attitude towards failure ____44____ (simple) because they’re unable to succeed.
But no matter what, there is one thing that “foxi youngsters”should keep in mind: Not only keep a calm mindset about failure, _____45_____ be positive about school, work and life.
【答案】36. an 37. in
38. was created
39. being disturbed
40. who 41. worried
42. reality
43. to fight
44. simply 45. but
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个网络俚语Foxi（佛系）以及在中国人们对佛系青年的看法。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：近来，网络流行语“佛系”变得流行起来，鼓励年轻人保持冷静和平和，尽量避免冲突，换言之，就是以“我不在乎”的态度生活。Internet slang word意为“网络俚语”，这里泛指一个网络俚语且word为可数名词单数形式，应用不定冠词修饰，Internet为以元音音素开头的单词，故应用不定冠词an。故填an。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意同上。in other words为固定搭配，意为“换句话说”。故填in。
【38题详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这个词是2014年在日本诞生的，用来形容那些不再追随别人人生道路的年轻人。根据时间状语“in 2014”可知，此处使用一般过去时，The word和create为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用was。故填was created。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们喜欢呆在自己的世界里，不受打扰，不关心激情和成功。介词without后面需填动名词作宾语，they和disturb为逻辑动宾关系，需填动名词的被动语态。故填being disturbed。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：现在，中国网民正在将这个短语与其他词汇配对，去描述相似的心态，例如，foxi students（佛系学生）指那些学习量正好的学生，他们不缺课，但也不会熬夜学习。空处引导定语从句，先行词those，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who引导。故填who。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：然而，一些人在担心这种情况，他们说Foxi实际上反映了年轻人正在失去战斗意志的现实。feel为系动词，后面接形容词worried，作表语。故填worried。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意同上。空处需填名词reality，作宾语，表抽象概念，不可数。故填reality。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。will为名词，意为“意志”，其后跟动词不定式作后置定语。故填to fight。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：他们假装对失败保持健康和明智的态度，只是因为他们无法成功。空处需填副词simply，作状语，修饰后面的句子。故填simply。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：但无论如何，有一件事“佛系青年”应该牢记在心：不仅要对失败保持冷静的心态，还要积极地对待学校、工作和生活。not only…but (also)…为固定句型，意为“不仅……而且……”。故填but。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 上周，你班就“双减”这一话题进行了讨论。请你根据下表提示，介绍讨论情况，并说明自己的观点。
赞成 1.作业、学习压力减小； 2.有更多的时间培养自己的兴趣爱好； 3.……
反对 1.业余时间多了，一些孩子可能会打游戏； 2.只有努力学习，才能打下更扎实的基础； 3.……
你的看法 ……
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：双减 double-lightening the burden
【答案】 Last week, our class set off a heated discussion about the “double-lightening the burden” policy. Opinions vary among different persons.
Some give it a big clap, claiming that their heavy pressure will be decreased, thus ensuring them more time to pursue their own interests. Besides, it is good for their physical and mental health.
However, others argue against it. For one thing, some may fall into the bad habit of playing games. For another, diligence will help them lay a solid foundation for their ideal universities.
As for me, we’ll benefit a lot if our burden is lightened. However, we’ll have to learn to keep a balance between study and relaxation. Only in this way can we prepare for a better future.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生介绍班级里关于“双减”这一话题的不同观点并说明自己的观点。
【详解】1.词汇积累
压力：pressure→stress
此外：besides→what’s more
然而：however→nevertheless
为……做准备：prepare for→get ready for
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Last week, our class set off a heated discussion about the “double-lightening the burden” policy.
拓展句：Last week, our class set off a heated discussion whose topic is “double-lightening the burden” policy.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Some give it a big clap, claiming that their heavy pressure will be decreased, thus ensuring them more time to pursue their own interests.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】As for me, we’ll benefit a lot if our burden is lightened.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When school was over, the students were informed that there was no school on Monday-the Labor Day. “Enjoy your extra day off,” said the teacher. An extra day of fun suited Flora just fine. She loved breaks and expected to go out to play with her friends. When the school bus dropped Flora off, she ran into the house happily.
“How was school, Flora ” asked her mom.
“It was great, Mom. I am excited about no school on Monday.”
“You just started back to school two weeks ago. Already in need of a break, huh ” asked Flora’s mom with a laugh.
Flora slept in the next morning. Saturday was her favorite day of the week. It rained most of the day, so Flora enjoyed playing video games inside. On Sunday, her friends came over and they played basketbal1 for several hours. Then it was Labor Day, you know, the extra day off that Flora was so looking forward to. But Flora was awakened early that morning by her dad. He told Flora that in honor of Labor Day, the family would be cleaning both inside and outside the house. Flora couldn’t believe it. This was a holiday, a day when she was supposed to be enjoying freshly squeezed lemonade while playing in her tree house. As Flora rubbed her eyes, she began to wonder if this was just a bad dream.
“Flora, your breakfast is ready. We have a lot of work to do today. Let’s get a move on,” said Flora’s mom. As she sat down at the kitchen table, Flora asked her parents, “Are you serious about working today Isn’t Labor Day a holiday ”
“Yes, Flora. It is,” replied her dad. “But your mom and I thought working hard today would make you appreciate why Labor Day was observed in the first place.”
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右;
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答．
Flora felt disappointed at her parents’ plan for the holiday.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Things began to change as she was doing the chores.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
Flora felt disappointed at her parents’ plan for the holiday. Turning a deaf ear to what they said, she stormed back into her room, slammed the door and flung herself on to the bed. “A holiday is a holiday,” she grumbled. Suddenly, the door swung open. Her mom walked up to herbed and said in an amiable voice, “Involving yourself in family affairs shows your capability of managing your life. And your participation means a lot to us.” Reluctant as she was, Flora picked up the mop to join them under her mom’s intense gaze.
Things began to change as she was doing the chores. Not until she sorted out the groceries did she realize things could be so neatly arranged and that cleaning the house could also clear her mind. Sunshine casting a warm glow on the tidy room, the mounting grievance in the morning eroded; giving way to a sense of achievement and satisfaction. “I’m sorry,” she apologized to her parents, “Now I know holidays are not necessarily for fun or rest. Sweat streaming down her face, the exhausting but rewarding experience was deeply engraved in her mind, reminding her of the responsibility to the family.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要记叙了本来以为劳动节放假可以休息的Flora，早上被爸爸吵醒，告诉她为了庆祝劳动节，全家会打扫屋子内外。Flora不明白，不愿意做家务的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Flora对父母的假期计划感到失望。”可知，第一段可描写讲述Flora内心对这个计划的看法，她虽然反对，但是也别无选择。讲述了Flora做家务的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“随着她开始做家务，情况开始发生变化。”可知，第二段可描写Flora在做家务过程中的感受，她发现了做家务的乐趣，觉得做家务有意义。
2.续写线索：感到失望——生气回房间——母亲劝告——做家务过程——态度转变——发现乐趣——享受——道歉——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
意识到：realize/ be aware of
参与：involve oneself in/engage in
表明：show/demonstrate
情绪类
令人愉悦的：amiable /joyful/merry/pleasant
不愿意的：reluctant /unwilling
【点睛】[高分句型1] Not until she sorted out the groceries did she realize things could be so neatly arranged and that cleaning the house could also clear her mind. (运用了部分倒装,状语从句和宾语从句)
[高分句型2] Sweat streaming down her face, the exhausting but rewarding experience was deeply engraved in her mind, reminding her of the responsibility to the family. (运用了独立主格结构和现在分词作状语)
