中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
小升初英语高频考点——4大时态
时态是表示行为动作和状态在不同时间条件下的动词形式。英语中用不同的时态来表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态。英语时态有多种，小学阶段常见的四种时态：一般现在时、现在进行时、一般将来时和一般过去时。
知识点一：一般现在时
一、一般现在时的概念
1. 一般现在时是表示经常或反复发生的动作。如：
I watch TV every day. 我每天看电视。
He always goes to work by bus. 他总是坐公交去工作。
Linda usually goes home at six in the afternoon. 琳达常常在下午六点回家。
2. 表示人或事物的特征、状态。如：
Mary is very thin. 玛丽非常瘦。
She is a teacher.她是一名教师。
3. 表示客观事实。如：
The earth goes around the sun. 地球围绕太阳转。
The sun rises (rise) in the east and sets (set) in the west. 太阳东升西落。
二、一般现在时的基本用法
一般现在时的构成及句式变化主要有含be动词和实义动词两种句型。
1. 含有be动词的一般现在时句型
(1) 肯定句：主语+be(am/is/are) +其他，如：
I am (be) a driver. 我是一名驾驶员。
He is (be) a good boy. 他是一个好孩子。
(2) 否定句：主语+be not+其他，如：
They are not (be not) farmers. They are (be) workers. 他们不是农民，他们是工人。
(3) 一般疑问句：Be+主语+其他
肯定回答：Yes，主语+be
否定回答：No，主语+be+not
例： I am from China.我来自中国。(改为一般疑问句并作回答)
—Are you from China 你是来自中国的吗？
—Yes, I am. 是的，我是来自中国。/—No, I am not.不是，我不是来自中国。
2. 含有实义动词的一般现在时句型。
(1) 肯定句： 主语+动词原形+其他。(主语为非第三人称单数时用)
主语+动词三单+其他。(主语为第三人称单数时用)
注：非第三人称单数为复数，I 和you；第三人称单数为除了I 和you 的所有单数。如：
I go (go) to the library every week. 我每周都去图书馆。
Lingling goes (be) to the bookshop every week. 玲玲每周都去书店。
(2) 否定句：主语+don’t/doesn’t+动词原形+其他。 如：
I don’t like (not like)swimming. 我不喜欢游泳。
She doesn’t like (not like)swimming. 她不喜欢游泳。
(3) 一般疑问句：Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他
肯定回答：Yes，主语+do/does.
否定回答：No，主语+don’t/doesn’t.
例：I live in Beijing. 我住在北京。(改为一般疑问句并作回答)
—Do you live in Beijing 你住在北京吗？
— Yes, I do. 是的，我住在北京。/— No, I don’t. 不是，我不住在北京。
例：My father lives in Beijing. 我的爸爸住在北京。(改为一般疑问句并作回答)
—Does your father live in Beijing 你爸爸住在北京吗？
— Yes, he does. 是的，他住在北京。/— No, he doesn’t. 不是，他不住在北京。
(4) 特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词+do+主语(非第三人称单数) +动词原形+其他
特殊疑问词+does+主语(第三人称单数) +动词原形+其他
What do you usually do after school 放学之后你通常做什么？
此类句子在练习中经常以就划线部分进行提问的形式进行考查（疑问代词的选择参考代词部分），如：
①I usually play basketball after school. （对划线部分进行提问）
When do you usually play basketball
②The woman works in a bookshop in Beijing. （对划线部分进行提问）
Where does the woman work in Beijing
三、一般现在时的时间标志词
always，sometimes，often，usually，every day/ week/ Sunday, never等。
四、动词原形变为动词第三人称单数变化规则
动词的第三人称单数形式的变化规则与可数名词单数变复数的规则大致一致。当主语是第三人称单数（he/she/it）或者名词单数时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
温馨提示: have的第三人称单数为 has
规 则 例 词
一般在动词词尾加-s play — plays like — likes read — reads
以s, x, sh, ch, o结尾的动词加-es go — goes wash — washeswatch —watches brush — brushes
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，把y改成i再加-es fly — flies cry — cries study — studies carry — carries
知识点二：现在进行时
一、现在进行时的概念
现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，或过去一段时间到现在持续发生的动作。
二、现在进行时的句式结构
主语+be动词(am, is, are) + 动词ing+ 其他
三、现在进行时的句式用法
1. 肯定句：主语+be+动词ing+其他。如：
I am reading (read) books now. 我现在正在看书。
2. 否定句：主语+be+not+动词ing+其他。如：
She isn’t flying (not fly) kites in the park. 她现在不在公园里放风筝。
3. 一般疑问句：Be+主语+动词ing+其他？
肯定回答：Yes, 主语+be.
否定回答：No, 主语+be not. 如：
例：I am doing my homework at home. (改为一般疑问句并作回答)
—Are you doing your homework at home
—Yes, I am./—No, I am not (或者No, I’m not)
4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+主语+动词ing+其他？如：
What are you doing, Daming 大明，你正在做什么？
例：My sister is playing the piano. （就划线部分进行提问）
What is your sister doing
四、现在进行时的时间标志词
now(现在) ，listen(听) ，look(看) ，at the moment(此时此刻) 。
五、动词原形变为动词ing形式的变化规则
1. 一般在动词的词尾直接加ing。
play—playing work—working do—doing
2. 以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e再加ing。
have—having write—writing make—making
3. 以辅元辅结尾的单音节的动词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ing。
swim—swimming run—running shop—shopping
put—putting cut—cutting get—getting drop—dropping
知识点三：一般将来时
一、一般将来时的概念
一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。如：
I am going to play football tomorrow.我明天打算去踢足球。
Amy will be 12 years old next year. 艾米明年计12岁了。
There will be a football match in our school next week.
我们学校下周将举行一场足球比赛。
二、一般将来时的动词结构
①主语+be going to + 动词原形+其它。
②主语+will + 动词原形+其它。
三、一般将来时的句式结构
1. 含有be going to的句型
(1) 肯定句：主语+ be going to +动词原形+其他。如：
I'm going to have a picnic this afternoon. 今天下午我将要去野餐。
(2) 否定句：主语+be+ not going to +动词原形+其他。如：
I'm not going to have a picnic this afternoon. 今天下午我将不去野餐。
(3) 一般疑问句：Be +主语+ going to +动词原形+其他？
肯定回答：Yes, 主语+be.
否定回答：No, 主语+ be + not. 如：
例：I am going to have a picnic this afternoon. 我今天下午要去野餐。(改为一般疑问句并作回答)
—Are you going to have a picnic this afternoon 你今天下午将要去野餐吗？
—Yes, I am. 是的，我要去。/—No, I’m not. 不，我不去。
(4) 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？
What are you going to do tomorrow 你明天将要去做什么？
例：Sam is going to have a birthday party this Friday. （对划线部分进行提问）
What is Sam going to have this Friday
2. 含有will的句型
(1) 肯定句：主语+ will +动词原形+其他。如：
I will play (play) football tomorrow. 我明天将要去踢足球。
(2) 否定句：主语+ won’t +动词原形+其他。如：
I won’t play (not play) football tomorrow. 我明天将不去踢足球。
温馨提示：will和not的缩写是won’t而不是willn’t。
(3) 一般疑问句：Will +主语+动词原形+其他？
肯定回答：Yes, 主语+will.
否定回答：No, 主语+won’t. 如：
例：I will play football tomorrow. 我明天将要去踢足球。(改为一般疑问句并作回答)
—Will you play football tomorrow 你明天将要去踢球吗？
—Yes, I will. 是的，我会去。 /—No, I won’t. 不，我不去。
(4) 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？如：
What will you do tomorrow 你明天将要做什么？
例：Lingling will go to the park next Sunday. （对划线部分进行提问）
What will Lingling do next Sunday 玲玲下周日将要去做什么？
温馨提示：在句型转换中如遇到第一人称的陈述句变为疑问句时，要把第一人称变成第二人称。如：
I am going to go to the zoo tomorrow.
变成一般疑问句为： Are you going to go to the zoo tomorrow
四、一般将来时的时间标志词
tomorrow(明天) ，soon(不久) ，next week(下周) ，next weekend(下周末) ，next year (明年) ，in two days(在未来的两天内) ，in the future(在未来) ，the day after tomorrow(后天)，this afternoon/evening(今天下午/下午)
知识点四：一般过去时
一、一般过去时的概念
一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。如：
I saw him in the park yesterday. 我昨天在公园里见到他。
I was ten years old last year. 去年，我十岁。
二、一般过去时的结构
句式结构：主语+动词的过去式(动词+ed) +其他成分 如：
He did (do) his homework this morning. 他今天早上在做家庭作业。
三、一般过去时的用法
1. 含有be动词的一般过去时句型
(1) 肯定句：主语+was/were +其他 如：
They were (be) happy just now. 他们刚才非常的开心。
He was (be) born in 1998. 他出生于1998年。
(2) 否定句：主语+ wasn’t/weren’t +其他 如：
They weren’t happy just now. 他们刚才不是很开心。
(3) 一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+其他？
肯定回答：Yes, 主语+was/were.
否定回答：No, 主语+wasn’t/weren’t.
例：They were at home just now. (改为一般疑问句并作回答)
—Were they at home just now —Yes, they were. /—No, they weren’t.
2. 含有行为动词的一般过去时的句型
(1) 肯定句：主语+动词的过去式(动词+ed) +其他 如：
The old man lived in America last year. 这位老人去年居住在美国。
(2) 否定句：主语+didn’t +动词原形+其他 如：
The old man didn’t live (not live) in America last year. 这
位老人去年没有居住在美国。
(3) 一般疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形+其他
肯定回答：Yes, 主语+did.
否定回答：No, 主语+didn’t.
例：The old man lived in America last year. (改为一般疑问句并作回答)
—Did the old man live in America last year
—Yes, he did. /—No, he didn’t.
(4) 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他？ 如：
What did Lucy do last weekend 露西上周做了什么？
例：David went to the zoo last Saturday. （对划线部分进行提问）
What did David do last Saturday.
四、一般过去时的时间状语
yesterday(昨天), just now(刚刚), last week/night/month/year(上周/昨晚/上个月/去年), …ago (…以前)等。
五、动词过去式的变化规则
规 则 例 词
一般在动词词尾加-ed help — helped walk — walked work — worked talk—talked
以不发音e结尾的动词，直接加-d like — liked love — loved hope — hoped skate— skated
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，改y为i，再加-ed study — studied cry — cried carry — carried try — tried
以辅元辅结尾的单音节的动词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed plan — planned stop — stoppeddrop — dropped prefer — preferred
温馨提示：动词过去式的不规则变化可以参考如下表格。
原形 过去式 中文 原形 过去式 中文
am/is was 是 lose lost 失去
are were 是 make made 制作
become became 成为 meet met 遇见
begin began 开始 put put 放
bring brought 带来 read read 读
buy bought 买 ride rode 骑
can could 能；会 ring rang 铃响
come came 来 run ran 跑
do/does did 做 say said 说
draw drew 画画 see saw 看见
drink drank 喝 sell sold 卖
eat ate 吃 sit sat 坐
fall fell 落下 send sent 发送
feel felt 感觉 speak spoke 说
fly flew 飞 spend spent 花费；度过
forget forgot 忘记 swim swam 游泳
get got 得到 take took 带；拿
give gave 给 teach taught 教
go went 去 tell told 告诉
have/has had 有；吃 wear wore 写
hang hung 悬挂 will would 可能会
know knew 知道 win won 赢，获胜
learn learnt 学习 write wrote 写
练习
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
1.They （take） exercise in the park every morning.
2.The lady usually （get） up at 6:30 in the morning.
3. the man often （go） to work by underground
4. they （take） exercise in the park every morning
5.The children （not sleep） in class.
6.My mother （not cook） every evening.
7. your parents (read) newspapers everyday
8. The girl (teach)us English on Sundays.
9. She and I (take) a walk to get here very evening.
10. There (be) some water in the bottle.
11. Mike (like)cooking.
12. They (have) the same hobby.
13. My aunt (look)after her baby carefully.
14. You always (do)your homework well.
15. I (be)ill.I’m staying in bed.
16. She (go) to school from Monday to Friday.
17. Liu Tao (do)not like PE.
18. The child often (watch) TV in the evening.
19. Su Hai and Su Yang (have) eight lessons this term.
20. －What day (be)it today
－ It’s Saturday.
二、单项选择
1. He very busy today, he free tomorrow.
A. will; is B. will be; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be
2. They a basketball match the day after tomorrow.
A.are going to watch B. watches C. are watching D. will watching
3. Jane here next month.
A. isn't working B. won't work C. isn't going to working D. doesn't working
4. The train at 8:00.
A. going to arrive B. will be arrive C. is arriving D. is going to
5. My friend ill yesterday.
A. is B. weren't C. wasn't D. aren't
6. your mother watch TV at home yesterday
A. Are B. Did C. Was D. Were
7. The twins in Dalian last year. They here now.
A. are; were B. were; are C. was; are D. were; was
8. Who was on duty last Friday .
A. I was B. I am C. Yes, I was D. No, I wasn' t
9．Mike ______ his grandpa tomorrow evening. ( )
A．visit B．visited C．is going to visit
10．Look! My mother is ______ to her friends. ( )
A．talk B．talks C．Talking
11．It _______ great fun next Friday. ( )
A．was B．will C．will be
12．Mr Wang and his students _______ a music class now. ( )
A．are having B．had C．have
13．We played games in the park ________. ( )
A．in a week B．tomorrow C．yesterday
14．What did you do ________ Sunday ( )
A．at B．in C．last
15．Mr Li ________ a teacher twenty years ago. ( )
A．is B．are C．was
16．—What did you do last Sunday ( )
—I ______ to the library.
A．go B．went C．am going
17．My father ______ me a present on my next birthday. ( )
A．gives B．will give C．will gives
18．Last Sunday her mum ________ a new dress. ( )
A．bought B．buy C．buying
19．Now my grandma is ________ English. ( )
A．learn B．learnt C．learning
20．We are going to ________ my grandma next week. ( )
A．visit B．visiting C．visits
三、对划线部分提问
21．It was foggy yesterday. (对划线部分提问)
_____________________________________
22．I was in the workshop yesterday. (对划线部分提问)
_____________________________________
23．He found the dog under the sofa. (就划线部分提问)
_____________________________________________
24．Linda was born in England. (对画线部分提问)
______ ______ Linda born
25．We played a baseball game yesterday. (对划线部分提问)
______ ______ you ______ yesterday
26．I visited my friends last Saturday. (就划线部分提问)
_____________________________________
27．We went fishing last Sunday. (对画线部分提问)
_____ _____ you _____ last Sunday
28．I went to a forest park on May Day. (对划线部分提问)
_______ _______ you _______ on May Day
29．We went camping last weekend. (对划线部分提问)
_______ _______ you _______ last weekend
30．The men showed the king his new clothes. (对画线部分提问)
_______ _______ the men show the king
31．Mr Zhang is good at teaching English. (对划线部分提问)
______is Mr Zhang ______ ______
32．There are two birds in the tree. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ in the tree
33．It’s in the bowl. （就划线部分提问）
_____________________________________
34．Because we can swim in summer.（对划线部分提问）
_______ do you _______ _______ best
35．The bag is behind the door. (对画线部分提问)
________________ the bag
36．The black cat is thinner than the white one. （改写同义句）
The white cat is _____________ ______________ the black one.
37．These are Ben’s toy motorbikes. (对划线部分提问)
_____________________________________
38．I visit my grandparents twice a year. (对划线部分提问)
_____________________________________
39．She is young and funny. (对划线部分提问)
_____________________________________________
40．Dad feels worried now. (就换线部分提问)
_____________________________________________
41．She's looking for shells. (对划线部分提问)
__________ she __________
42．I'm drawing a picture. (划线部分提问)
________________________________________
43．I’m cleaning my room. (对划线部分提问)
_______________________________________________
44．Yang Ling is washing the dishes. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ washing the dishes
Tom is watching TV in the living room. (对划线部分提问)
_________________________________________________________________
46．Lucy’s mother is cooking dinner in the kitchen. (改为一般疑问句)
_________________________________________________________________
47．She is playing volleyball. (改为复数句子)
____________________________
48．They have an English class. (改为现在进行时)
They __________ __________ an English class now.
49．I'm washing my face. (改为一般疑问句)
________________________________________
50．We’re cleaning the classroom. (改为一般疑问句)
________ you ________ the classroom
51．I’m going to buy some books this weekend. (对划线部分提问)
______ are you going to ______ this weekend
52．I am going to take a trip by train. (就划线部分提问)
__________ __________ you going to take a trip
53．I will make a birthday card for my mother. (对画线部分提问)
______________________________________________
54．We will go to pick grapes. (对画线部分提问)
______________________________________________
55．She’ll get to the station at nine o’clock. (对划线部分提问)
_______ _______ She get to the station
56．Nancy will go to Beijing by train. (对画线部分提问)
_______ will Nancy _______ to Beijing
57．We’re going to draw pictures in the park. (对画线部分提问)
_______ are you going to _______ in the park
58．We are going to play football at four.(对划线部分提问)
_______________________________________________
59．Alice is going to the market. (对划线部分提问)
_______________________________________________
60．The temperature will be twenty-one degrees tomorrow. (对划线部分提问)
_______________________________________________
答案
一、1.take 2.gets 3.Does go 4.Do take 5.don't sleep 6.doesn't cook 7. Do;read 8. teaches 9. take 10. is 11. likes 12. have 13. looks
14. do 15.am 16. goes 17. does 18. watches 19. have 20. is
二、
DABCC BBACC
CACCC BBACA
三、
21．How was the weather yesterday / What was the weather like yesterday
【解析】
句意：昨天有雾。划线部分是形容词有雾的，所以问句是询问“昨天天气怎么样？”询问天气的句型有：How's the weather 或者what's the weather like 根据答句可知时间状语yesterday（昨天）是一般过去时态，所以is要改成was。故答案为How was the weather yesterday 或者What was the weather like yesterday
22．Where were you yesterday
【解析】
句意：昨天我在工作室。划线部分是在工作室，地点状语，疑问词用where，where 后要用一般疑问句，原句中有be动词was，主语是第一人称，变成疑问句主语换成第二人称you，be动词was也要换成were，故一般疑问句用were引导，故答案为Where were you yesterday
23．Where did he find the dog
【解析】
原句句意：他在沙发下找到了那只狗。划线部分是地点，用where提问，句子结构为：Where+助动词+主语+动词原形+其他？句子是一般过去时，助动词用did，found原形是find，故答案为Where did he find the dog
24． Where was
【解析】
句意：琳达出生在英国。该句时态为一般过去时，询问地点，应用疑问词where来引导，意为在那里，主语Linda为单数第三人称，其对应的be应用is的过去式was，故答案为Where；was。
25． What did do
【解析】
句意：昨天我们打了一场棒球赛。划线部分played a baseball game打了一场棒球赛是做的事情，用What提问。句子结构为What+助动词+主语+动词原形+其他？句子为一般过去时态，助动词用did，划线部分做的事情用do替代，故答案为What；did；do。
26．When did you visit your friends
【解析】
原句句意：上周六我拜访了我的朋友。分析该句，是含实义动词的肯定句，时态为一般过去时。划线部分为时间，对时间提问用when，其句型结构为：When+did+主语+动词原形+其他？动词visited改为原形visit，I在问句中改为you，my改为your，故答案为When did you visit your friends
27． What did do
【解析】
原句句意：上星期日我们去钓鱼了。画线部分是went fishing，故用what什么提问，问句结构为：What+助动词+主语+动词原形+其他？将we改为you，went是过去式，故助动词用did，即上周日你们做什么了？What did you do last Sunday 故答案为What；did；do。
28． Where did go
【解析】
句意：五一劳动节那天我去了一个森林公园。划线部分是去的地方，用Where哪里提问。句子结构为：Where+助动词+主语+动词原形+其他？句子为一般过去时，助动词用过去式did，went的动词原形为go。故答案为Where；did；go。
29． What did do
【解析】
句意：上周末我们去露营了。划线部分went camping去露营，是做的事情，用What提问。句子结构为What+助动词+主语+动词原形+其他？句子为一般过去时，助动词用过去式did，做的事情应动词原形do替代。故答案为What；did；do。
30． What did
【解析】
原句句意：那两个男人让国王看了新衣服。画线部分是his new clothes，用what提问，问句结构为：What+助动词+主语+动词原形+其他？句子是一般过去时，助动词用did，showed变原形show，故答案为What；show。
31． What good at
【解析】
句意：张先生擅长教英语。题干中划线部分为teaching English教英语，是动名词词组，有名词特征，故对其提问用特殊疑问词what，放在句首大写首字母。其它不变。故答案为What；good；at。
32． What is
【解析】
句意：树上有两只鸟。根据划线部分two birds两只鸟可知是对事物提问，故特殊疑问词要用what，疑问词做主语，be动词用is，故答案为What；is。
33．Where is it
【解析】
画线部分是地点，对地点提问用where。故答案为Where is it
34． Why like summer
【解析】
句意为“因为夏天我们可以游泳。”划线部分是because，故用why提问，你为什么最喜欢夏天？故答案为Why；like；summer。
35．Where is
【解析】
原句意思为书包在门后。划线部分是在门后，是地点，故用特殊疑问词where提问，特殊疑问词+一般疑问句，故答案为Where is。
36． fatter than
【解析】
原句意思为“黑色的猫比白色的瘦。”该句还可以表达为“白色的猫比黑色的胖。” The white cat is fatter than the black one. 故答案为fatter；than。
37．Whose toy motorbikes are these
【解析】
句意：这些是本的玩具摩托车。划线部分是本的，因此问句询问“这些是谁的摩托车？”用疑问代词whose引导，句型为：Whose + 名词 + 一般疑问句 故答案为Whose toy motorbikes are these
38．How often do you visit your grandparents
【解析】
原句句意：我每年去看望我的祖父母两次。划线部分是频率，用how often提问，句子结构为：How often+助动词+主语+动词原形+其他？I变you，my变your，句子是一般现在时，助动词用do，故答案为How often do you visit your grandparents
39．What's she like
【解析】
原句句意：她年轻又风趣。划线部分是young and funny，是人物特征，可知要询问什么样，用What提问。询问某人怎么样的句型为：What+be+sb+like 主语She是第三人称单数，所以be动词用is，what is=what's。故答案为What's she like
40．How does dad feel now
【解析】
原句句意：爸爸现在感到担心。划线部分是担心的形容词，故疑问词用how，原句中谓语动词是feels第三人称单数形式，故how后的一般疑问句用does+主语+动词原形feel+其它，故答案为How does dad feel now
41． What's doing
【解析】
句意：她正在找贝壳。划线部分looking for shells找贝壳，是正在做的事情，用what提问。句子为现在进行时态，句子结构为：What+be动词+主语+动词的现在分词？根据原句，可知be动词是is，what is可以缩写为what’s。做的事情用动词do替代，现在分词为doing。故答案为What’s；doing。
42．What are you doing
【解析】
句意：我在画一幅画。句中划线部分为drawing a picture，可知是对在做什么提问，要用特殊疑问词what，首字母大写。句子时态为现在进行时，其构成为be+doing，句中主语为I，问句中改用you，be动词am改用are，将are提到主语you之前，故答案为What are you doing
43．What are you doing
【解析】
句意：我正在打扫房间。划线部分是动词短语，句子时态为现在进行时，问的是正在做的事情，所以用what提问，I变成you，故答案为What are you doing
44． Who is
【解析】
句意：杨玲正在洗碗。句子为现在进行时态，划线部分Yang Ling是人，用Who谁提问。句子结构为Who+be动词+动词的现在分词+其他？根据陈述句，可知be动词是is。故答案为Who；is。
45．What is Tom doing in the living room
【解析】
句意：汤姆正在客厅里看电视。划线部分is watching TV正在看电视，是正在做的事情，用What提问。句子结构为：What+be动词+主语+动词的现在分词+其他？句子为现在进行时态，主语Tom是第三人称单数，be动词用is。划线部分用do替代，现在分词为doing。故答案为What is Tom doing in the living room
46．Is Lucy’s mother cooking dinner in the kitchen
【解析】
原句句意：露西的妈妈正在厨房做饭。该句是陈述句，时态是现在进行时。句中含有be动词is，改为一般疑问句，直接把is提到主语Lucy’s mother的前面，把句号变成问号。故答案为Is Lucy’s mother cooking dinner in the kitchen
47．They are playing volleyball.
【解析】
句意：她正在打排球。题干要求改为复数句子，she复数为they，is复数为are，playing volleyball不变，故答案为They are playing volleyball.
48． are having
【解析】
句意：他们有一节英语课。改为现在进行时态，句子结构为：主语+be动词+动词的现在分词+其他。主语They是第三人称复数，be动词用are，have的现在分词为having。故答案为are；having。
49．Are you washing your face
【解析】
原句句意：我在洗脸。句子是现在进行时，改为一般疑问句，要将系动词提前。原句主语I，问句中主语改用you，系动词改用are，提到句首为Are，原句中my要改用your，其他部分语序不变，故答案为Are you washing your face
50． Are cleaning
【解析】
句意：我们正在打扫教室。根据句意，可知句子是现在进行时，题干要求改为一般疑问句，问句也是现在进行时，结构为be+现在分词，原句主语为we，问句主语可以用人称代词you代替，you是第二人称，be动词用are，放句首开头大写，现在分词为cleaning，故答案为Are；cleaning。
51． What buy
【解析】
句意：这个周末我打算去买一些书。划线部分some books是买的东西，用What提问。句子结构为：What+be动词+主语+going to+动词原形+其他？动词原形为buy。故答案为What；buy。
52． How are
【解析】
句意：我打算坐火车去旅行。划线部分是交通方式，用疑问词How提问，其余部分变为一般疑问句，第一人称I变为第二人称you，am变为are放在疑问词后面，故答案为How；are。
53．What will you do for your mother
【解析】
句意：我要给我妈妈做张生日卡。询问什么，应用疑问词what来引导，该句时态为一般将来时，主语I应变为you，助动词应用will来帮忙，其后接动词原形do，意为做，故答案为What will you do for your mother
54．What will you do
【解析】
句意：我们将去摘葡萄。划线部分是摘葡萄，提问用疑问词What，句子结构是：What+助动词+主语+动词原形 助动词是will，第一人称We改为第二人称you，动词原形是do，故答案为What will you do
55． When will
【解析】
句意：她将在九点钟到达车站。划线部分是时间，可以用疑问副词when提问，特殊疑问句句子结构为：When+助动词+主语+动词原形+其他？原句助动词为will，问句助动词也是will，故答案为When；will。
56． How go
【解析】
原句句意：南希将乘火车去北京。画线部分是by train，用how提问，问句结构为：How+助动词+主语+动词原形+其他？故答案为How；go。
57． What do
【解析】
原句句意：我们将要在公园里画画。划线部分为画画，可知要问：你们将要在公园里干什么？要用what什么，来提问，句首大写为What；划线部分用实义动词do来代替，故答案为What；do。
58．When are you going to play football
【解析】
句意：我们准备4点踢足球。划线部分时间，所以用when提问，后加一般疑问句，句子是一般将来时，we变成you，故答案为When are you going to play football
59．Where is Alice going
【解析】
句意：爱丽丝准备去市场。划线部分是地点，所以用where提问，句子是一般将来时，故答案为Where is Alice going 故答案为Where is Alice going
60．What will the temperature be tomorrow
【解析】
句意：明天气温将是21度。划线部分是温度，用疑问代词what提问，特殊疑问句句子结构为：What +助动词+主语+动词原形+其他？句子是一般将来时，主语为the temperature，助动词用will，will后面接动词原形be，时间状语为tomorrow，故答案为What will the temperature be tomorrow
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小升初英语语法知识点复习专题
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般将来时
现在进行时
小学英语小升初专项
一般现在时专项
时态概括
01
具体运用
02
动词变化
03
专项练习
04
目录
01 时态概括
past
now
future
过去进行时
现在进行时
将来进行时
现在完成时
一般过去时
一般现在时
一般将来时
1.我每天游泳。
I swim every day.
2.我正在游泳。
I am swimming now.
3.我昨天游泳。
I swam yesterday.
4.我明天将要游泳。
I will swim tomorrow.
主语
谓语
其它
时态变化
所有时态都是通过
动词
变化来表现的
一般现在时
结构：（1）主语＋be动词（am/is/are）＋其他
（2）主语＋实义动词原形/第三人称单数形式＋其他
标志词：常见的时间标志词包含 often， sometimes， usually， always， on Sundays， every day/week/month/year 等。
表示通常性、规律性、习惯性的状态或者动作
（有时间规律发生的事件）的一种时间状态。
02 具体运用
具体运用
用法一：表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用。
always；usually；every+时间；often；sometimes；twice aweek；seldom；once a month；on Sundays。
e.g. I leave home for school at 7:00 every morning.
我每天早上7点离家去学校。
I get up at six in the morning.
我早上6点起床。
具体运用
用法二：表示客观事实和普遍真理。
e.g The earth moves around the sun.
地球绕着太阳转。
Shanghai lies in the east of China.
上海位于中国的东方。
用法三：表示格言或警句中。
e.g Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。
具体运用
一般现在时有三种形式
1. 谓语是be（am/is/are）的一般现在时。
①肯定形式：主语+be+表语（形容词、名词充当表语）
I am hungry. 我饿了。
You are beautiful.你很漂亮。
He is a doctor.他是一名医生。
②否定形式：主语+be+not+表语（形容词、名词充当表语）
I am not hungry.我不饿。
You aren't beautiful.你不漂亮。
He isn't a doctor.他不是一名医生。
③一般疑问句形式：
Be+主语+表语（形容词、名词充当表语）
肯定回答：Yes,主语+be.
否定回答：No, 主语+ be+not.
—Are you hungry
—Yes，I am./No,I'm not.
—Is he a doctor
—Yes, he is./No, he isn’t.
④特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词+Be开头的一般疑问句
—What is he
—He is a doctor.
注意：be要随着主语变。
1.Be 的用法：
I用 am， you用are，
is用于他(he)、她(she) 、它(it)，
复数(we,you,they)全部都用are.
2. 谓语动词是实义动词（及物动词或不及物动词）的一般现在时。
①肯定形式：
“主语+及物动词+宾语”或“主语+不及物动词”。
She has a little brother.她有一个弟弟。
The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。
②否定形式：
“主语+don't/doesn't+及物动词+宾语”
或“主语+don't/doesn't+不及物动词”。
She doesn't have a little brother.她没有弟弟。
I don't eat every morning.我每天早晨都不吃饭。
第一人称：I ,we
第二人称：you
第三人称：he，she，it，其它所有
考点：动词的第三人称单数
③一般疑问句形式：
“Do/Does+主语+及物动词原形+宾语”
或“Do/Does+主语+不及物动词原形”。
肯定回答：Yes,主语+do/does.
否定回答：No, 主语+ don't/doesn't.
—Do you eat every morning
—Yes, I do./No, I don't.
—Does she have a little brother
—Yes, she does./No, she doesn't.
④特殊疑问句：
特殊疑问词+do/does开头的一般疑问句？
What do you like
When do you go to school
注意：根据主语确定用do还是does。
3. 谓语是情态动词can/may...+动词原形的一般现在时。
①肯定形式：主语+情态动词can/may.....+动词原形+宾语。
I can finish my homework.
我能完成我的家庭作业。
②否定形式：主语+情态动词can/may.....+not+动词原形+宾语。
I can't finish my homework.
我不能完成我的家庭作业。
③一般疑问句形式：
情态动词Can/May.....+主语+动词原形+主语+宾语。
肯定回答是：Yes,主语+情态动词.
否定回答是：No, 主语+ 情态动词+not.
—Can you finish your homework
—Yes，I can./No, I can't.
④特殊疑问句形式：
特殊疑问词+情态动词can/may.....开头的一般疑问句？
—What can you do
—I can do my homework.
注意：情态动词can/may.....+动词原形。
03 动词变化
1、一般动词，在词尾加 s ; 如：
work--works, live--lives, play--plays, sing-- sings.
eg: She lives in Ningbo.她住在宁波。
2、以字母s,x,sh,ch,o结尾的动词，词尾加 -es;如：
teach------ teaches, wash----- washes.
eg: My mother washes the coat.我母亲洗了大衣。
行为动词do一般现在时第三人称单数的构成规则：
动词变化规律
3、以辅音字母+Y 结尾的，改y为i，再加es; 如：
study--studies, carry--carries,
He studies very hard.
4、特殊情况： have-has
动词变化规律
04 专项练习
一. 写出下列词的三单形式：
look; go; give; fly; have
watch ; wash； do; carry; play
looks; goes; gives; flies; has
watches ; washes； does; carries; plays
二.根据所给词的适当形式填空。
1.Tom often_____( get ) up at six in the morning
2. The earth ______ ( go) around the sun .
3.Mary’s parent ______(live ) in Beijing .
4. She _______ (draw) very well.
gets
goes
lives
draws
三.单选题
1.My cousin _______ Beijing every year. ( )
A．visit B．visited C．visits
2．Five years ago, we ______ in a small house. Now we ______ in a big house. ( )
A．live; lived B．lived; live C．lived; lived
3．—Is it a cat ( )
—________
A．No, it is. B．Yes, it's green. C．Yes, it is.
4．This ________ my school. ( )
A．is B．are C．/
5．—__________ there many yellow flowers in the garden ( )
—Yes, there are.
A．ls B．Are C．Am
6．—Is this the art room ( )
—______
A．Yes, it is. B．Yes, it isn’t. C．No, it is.
7．_________ you have a comic book ( )
A．Are B．Do
8．What _________ your mother do ( )
A．do B．does
9．—Nancy doesn't go to school today. What's wrong with her ( )
—Her leg _________. She _________ stay in bed.
A．hurts; has to B．hurt: should C．hurts; shouldn't
10．—What does your brother usually do on his birthday ( )
—He usually _________ a party at home and _________ many presents.
A．has; get B．has: gets C．have; get
11．The silkworms _______ big and fat now. But they ______ small and thin yesterday. ( )
A．are; was B．were; are C．are; were
12．Everyone _____ to be a good student. ( )
A. want B.wants
小学英语小升初专项
一般过去时专项
时态概括
01
具体运用
02
动词变化
03
专项练习
04
目录
01 时态概括
一般过去时
1.表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
02 具体运用
I ___ 12 years old this year.
我去年11岁.
I ____ 11 years old last year.
Please look at the sentences
我今年12岁.
am
was
他们今天在中国。
They ____ in China today.
are
他们昨天在中国。
They ____ in China today.
were
They watch TV in the evening.
They _________ TV last night.
watched
She plays basketball after school.
She _________ basketball after school yesterday.
played
一般过去时结构：
主语+动词过去式（V-ed)+其它
一般过去时标志词
at that moment, at that time,
yesterday, yesterday morning (afternoon, evening…)
last +night /week/month/year,
several days/ three years…+ ago,
in +年份/月份 （in 1990/in July)
just now
before
一般过去时的句型转化
否定句：主语+was/were + not+其他
They weren’t at home yesterday.
一般疑问句: Was/were +主语+其他
肯定回答：Yes, 主语+was/were.
否定回答：No, 主语+wasn’t/weren’t .
Were they at home yesterday
特殊疑问句：疑问词+ was/were +主语+其他
Where were they yesterday
Be动词
am/is →was→ wasn’t
are → were→ weren’t
一般过去时的句型转化
行为动词
否定句：didn’t + 动词原形 如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday.
一般疑问句：
Did +主语+动词原形+其他 如：Did you sleep well last night
肯定回答：Yes, 主语+did. 否定回答：No, 主语+didn’t .
特殊疑问句：
1.疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如: What did Jim do yesterday
2.疑问词+动词过去式？ 如：Who went to home yesterday？
do/does→ did→ didn’t do
03 动词变化
规则变化
1.一般情况下，加ed
2.以e结尾加d
3.辅音元辅结尾的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加ed .
work —
worked
stop —
stopped
4.以辅音字母加y 结尾的词,先改 y为 i,再加ed
study —
studied
like —
liked
原形 过去式 原形 过去式
am/is/are 是 was/was/were eat 吃 ate
become 变成 became fall 摔倒 fell
bring带来 brought feel 感觉 felt
buy 买 bought fly 飞 flew
can 能够 could get 得到 got
come 来 came give 给 gave
cut 切，砍 cut have/has 有，患病 had
do/does 做 did hurt 受伤 hurt
draw 画画 drew keep 保持 kept
drive 驾驶 drove make 制作 made
不规则变化表
原形 过去式 原形 过去式
put 放 put go 去 went
read 阅读 read ride 骑 rode
say 说 said take 拍照，拿 took
see 看见 saw write 写 wrote
sing 唱歌 sang think 想 thought
sleep 睡觉 slept will 将 would
wear 穿 wore
不规则变化表
读音规则
规则读音
特殊
读音
清清,浊浊, 即在清辅音后加ed读清辅音/t/。
在浊辅音及元音后加ed读浊辅音/d/ 。
在/t/ /d/ 之后念 /id/ ,
即 ed 在 /t/ /d/ 音后面念 /id/
Eg: asked /a:skt/, passed /pa:st/,
cooked /kukt/
Eg: started /sta:tid/, wanted /wantid/,
needed /`ni:did/
04 专项练习
一.选择合适的词填空。
1. It _____(was/were) cold yesterday.
2. I _____(was/were) a teacher two years ago.
3. Helen _____(was/were) sick yesterday.
4. _____(Was/Were) you a teacher
No, I ______(wasn’t/weren’t).
was
was
was
Were
wasn’t
It was exciting.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
2. All the students were very excited.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
It wasn’t exciting.
Was it exciting
Yes, it was; No, it wasn’t
All the students weren’t very excited.
Were all the students very excited
Yes, they were; No, they weren’t.
三.单选题
1．Mum ______ a new dress ______ me yesterday. ( )
A．buy; for B．bought; to C．bought; for
2．He ______ thin then. ( )
A．is B．was C．were
3．—What did you do last Sunday ( )
—______.
A．I play football B．I played football C．I am playing football
4．Jenny and I ___________ to Beijing last week. ( )
A．go B．went C．from D．arrive
5．I ________ music with my sister yesterday. ( )
A．listened B．listened to C．listen to
6．My dad ________ a book ________ food yesterday evening. ( )
A．reads; of B．read; about C．reads; about
小学英语小升初专项
一般将来时专项
时态概括
01
具体运用
02
易错点分析
03
专项练习
04
目录
01 时态概括
一般将来时
一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
句中一般有以下时间状语：
next day(week, month, year…), soon,
the day after tomorrow（后天）
this evening, tomorrow (morning /afternoon/evening), in a few minutes (in+一段时间) 等。
02 具体运用
基本结构：
①主语+be going to + 动词原形+其他；
②主语+shall/will+ 动词原形+其他.
同义句：be going to = will
shall一般只用于第一人称
I am going to go swimming tomorrow.
= I will go swimming tomorrow.
will/shall+动词原形
“ will/shall+动词原形”表示一个将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
在书面语中，主语是第一人称I或we时，常用shall，也可用will。
在口语中，will可用于各种人称，而shall一般只用于第一人称。
如：
Which book shall I read first？
我先读哪一本书呢？
Will you be at home at seven this evening？
今晚7点你会在家吗？
will/shall+动词原形
肯定句形式： 主语 + will/shall + do sth.
I shall/will go to Beijing.
否定句形式：主语 + shall/will + not + do sth.
(will not 缩写为 won’t)
They will not（won't） go to the cinema.
疑问句形式： Shall/Will + 主语 + do sth.？
Will you go to Beijing.
Yes，I will.
No，I won't.
be going to +动词原形
be going to + 动词原形构成一般将来时，表示计划或根据某些现象或征兆预测不久即将发生的事情。含有“打算”之意。
It is going to rain. (表预测不能用will）
马上就要下雨了。
I am going to see a film this weekend.
这周末我要去看电影。
be going to +动词原形
肯定句形式：主语 + be going to + do sth.
He is going to see a film tomorrow.
否定句形式：主语 + be + not +going to + do sth.
He is not going to see a film tomorrow.
疑问句形式： be +主语 + going to + do sth.？
Is he going to see a film tomorrow？
Yes，he is.
No，he isn't.
一般疑问句要点：
be动词（am, is, are）+主语+going to + 动词原形+其他
Will+主语+动词原形+其他
be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。
03 易错点分析
一般将来时易混句式
1. “shall/will+动词原形”
a.指对将来事物近期或远期的预见，表达个人主观意图以及征求对方意见或表示客气的邀请。
b.在书面语中，shall多用于第一人称；在口语中，will可以用于任何人称。
2. “be going to+动词原形”结构
a.用来表示按照主观意图打算或按计划、安排将要做的事，有“打算，就要”的意思。
也常用于表示从迹象上表明将要发生的事情，多指个人主观臆断的推测。
There be句型的一般将来时
肯定句： There will be +名词+其他成份
There will be a shop at the corner in the future.
在拐角处将来会有家商店。
否定句：There will not(won’t) be +名词+其他成份
一般疑问句：Will there be+名词+其他成份
There will not (won’t) be a shop at the corner in the future.
在拐角处将来不会有家商店。
Will there be a shop at the corner in the future.
在拐角处将来会有家商店吗？
Yes, there will. / No, there won’t.
There be句型的一般将来时
肯定句： There is/are going to be +名词+其他成份
There is not（isn't） going to be a film this evening.
今晚没有一场电影。
否定句：There is/are going to be +名词+其他成份
一般疑问句：Is/Are going to be+名词+其他成份
There is going to be a film this evening.
今晚有一场电影。
Is there going to be a film this evening.
今晚有一场电影吗？
当there be句型用be going to do形式表示将来，
意为“将有……”时，
构成There is / are going to be...，
这里的be不能错用成have。
There is going to be a sports meeting in our school.√
There is going to have a sports meeting in our school.×
一般将来时总结
主语+shall(第一人称）/will +动词原形+其它
主语+am/is/are going to +动词原形+其它
时间状语：
tomorrow 明天 ； next +时间 下一...
the day after tomorrow 后天 ；
in the future 在将来 ；
in+一段时间 多久之后才...
04 专项练习
一.将下列句子变成否定句。
I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.
→ ________________________________________
I will go to Beijing next year.
→ ________________________________________
I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.
I will not go to Beijing next year.
二.变为一般疑问句并做回答
We are going to go on a picnic this weekend.
→ ________________________________________
________________________________________
My father will go hiking next Sunday.
→ ________________________________________
________________________________________
Are you going to go on a picnic this weekend
Yes, we are. / No, we aren’t.
Will your father go hiking next Sunday
Yes, he will. / No, he won't.
三. 对划线部分提问：
1.I’m going to New York soon.
→ ________________________________________
2.My father is going to read books with me this afternoon.
→ ______________________________________________
Who’s going to New York soon？
What is your father going to do with you this afternoon？
3. She’s going to go to bed at ten.
→ ____________________________________
4. I’m going to New York tomorrow.
→ ____________________________________
5. She is going to Shanghai by train.
→ ____________________________________
When is she going to bed
Where are you going tomorrow (不加to)
How is she going to Shanghai
小学英语小升初专项
现在进行时专项
时态概括
01
具体运用
02
动词变化
03
专项练习
04
目录
01 时态概括
现在进行时
表示现在进行的动作或存在的状态。
在英语时态中，“时”指动作发生的时间，“态”指动作的样子和状态。
现在进行时表示动作发生的时间是“现在”，动作目前的状态是“正在进行中”。
02 具体运用
I
read
am
ing
now.
We
do our homework
are
ing
now.
You
hav a class
are
ing
now.
He
play football
is
ing
now.
Listen!
The bird
is
sing
ing.
Look!
The duck
is
danc
ing
They
swim
are
ming
now.
现在进行时
结构：主语+am/is/are +v-ing+其它
时间状语：
now, look, at the moment（此刻）, listen等连用。
be动词随主语变化
现在进行时记忆口诀
现在进行时正在发生事，
Look, Listen, now是标志，
Be+v-ing不分离。
两个错误要回避，
一是掉be,二是掉ing.
03 动词变化
动词-ing形式的构成
一般在动词原形后+ing do ask doing
asking
以不发音的e结尾的，去e，+ing write take dance writing
taking
dancing
重读闭音节以一个辅音字母结尾的，双写这一字母+ing get run swim put getting
running
swimming
putting
注意：die(死亡）——dying(奄奄一息）；tie(系）——tying
lie(躺着）——lying
04 专项练习
一、单选题
1．—What are you doing ( )
—___________.
A．I am listen to music B．I’m doing homework
C．I’m a student
2．I’m _____ my teeth. ( )
A．brush B．brushing
3．He is _______ an email to his friend. ( )
A．send B．sends C．sending
4．Listen! She is _________ me. ( )
A．call B．calls C．calling
5．Kate is ______ in the park. ( )
A．sing B．running C．runing
6．Look! Jill _________ some paper now. ( )
A．cuts B．cut C．is cutting
Thank you!
谢谢
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