2023-2024学年中考专项复习专题6:介词和介词短语(含解析)

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名称 2023-2024学年中考专项复习专题6:介词和介词短语(含解析)
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更新时间 2024-06-03 15:49:18

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命题趋势:
介词是历年各省市中考必考知识点。从考查形式看,一般有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用等。所占分值通常为2~4分。从命题意图看,侧重考查考生的具体语言环境中使用介词的能力。
中考考查重点:
1. 介词辨析;
2. 介词短语辨析。
介词是一种虚词,它不能单独担任句子成分,必须与名词或代词或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句构成介词短语,才能担任句子成分。
考向一:时间介词
表示"时间"的介词如下:
① 表示年、月、日、时刻等用at, in, on
② 表示时间的前后用before, after
③ 表示期限等用by, until, till
④ 表示期间等用for, during, through
⑤ 表示时间的起点等用from, since
⑥ 表示时间的经过等用in, within, at, on, in
at:用于表示时刻、时间的某一点
at lunch在午饭时 at breakfast早餐时 at noon正午时 at night在夜间
at that time那时 at the moment此刻,目前 at the same time同时 at times偶尔,有时
at nine在九点钟 at first开始的时候,起初 at last最后
We usually have lunch at noon/ at twelve. 我们通常中午吃午饭(十二点吃午饭)。
注意:表示时间的名词前有this, last, next, every等修饰时,其前面不加介词。
this morning今天早上 last Monday上周一 every week每周
on用于表示某天,某一天的上、下午(指具体的某一时,一律用on)
on Monday 在周一 on Monday evening 在周一晚上
on Tuesday morning 在周二早上 on June 6在6月6日
on May 4,2016 在2016年5月4日 on a cold night在一个寒冷的夜晚
on that day在那天 on Christmas Day在圣诞节那天
on time准时 on the night of July(the)first 在七月一日的夜晚
We didn’ t listen to the lecture on Wednesday afternoon.周三下午我们没去听演讲。
in用于表示周、月、 季节、年和泛指的上午、下午、晚上(指在一段时间内)。
in the week在这周 in the holiday在假期中
in May 在五月 in 1995在1995年
in summer在夏季 in Spring在春季
in autumn在秋季 in winter在冬季
in September, 1995 在1995年9月 in the morning 在上午
in the afternoon 在下午 in the evening在晚上
in the 21st century在二十一世纪 in time及时
in an hour一个小时后 in a minute一会儿,立刻
The plane took off on time.飞机准时起飞了。
People go skating in winter.人们冬天去滑冰。
Do they work in the day time or at night 他们是白天工作还是夜里工作?
before, after(注:两个既可以作介词又可以作连词)
before在……之前
Wash your hands before dinner.(before作介词)吃饭前请洗手。
He will call me before he leaves here/before ten o’ clock.(前一个before作连词;后一个before作介词)他离开这儿之前/十点之前,将给我打电话。
after在……之后
Let’ s sing some songs after school.(after作介词)放学后咱们唱歌吧!
Please close the door after you leave the room.(after作连词)离开房间后请关门。
by, until/till
by 在……前(时间);截止(到)……
How many English books had you read by the end of last year 到去年年底以前你看过多少本英文书?
She had left by the time I arrived.我到时(之前)她已经走了。
by the end of在……底(之前) by then 到那时 by the time+从句 在……之前
until/till知道……为止(时间)
We didn’ t begin to watch TV until/till nine o’ clock.一直到九点,我们才开始看电视。(begin是点动词,所以用否定式)
I will wait for him until he comes here.我将在这儿一直等到他来。
for, during, through
for 达……之久(表示经过了多少时间),可以和一般现在时、过去时、将来时连用,但经常和完成时连用。
during 在……期间
through 一直……(从开始到结束)
He has lived here for 20 years.他在这儿已经住了二十年了。
We will stay in the city for two days.我们要在这座城市呆两天。
They are going to have a good rest during the summer holidays.暑假中他们打算好好休息一下。
They played the cards through the night.他们打了一整夜的牌。
He stayed in London through the winter.他整个冬天都待在伦敦。
【注意】for和during。for之后大多跟表示时间、具体天数等的数字名词。而during后决不能跟表数字的名词。
from, since
from从……起(时间)
表示"从……开始"时,一般都是用词组from...to...,而单纯表示确切的"从几点开始"时用at。
The meeting will be held from eight to ten.这个会议将从8点开到10点。
The meeting will be held at eight. 会议将从八点钟开始。
since自从……以来(表示从以前某时一直到现在仍在继续)
I have been sick since yesterday.我从昨天起就病了。(强调一直病到现在)
The doctor has saved a lot of lives since he became a doctor.(since作连词,引导时间状语从句)这个医生自从当医生以来已经拯救了许多人的生命。
in, within
in过……后(未来时间)大多用在将来时(一般将来时和过去将来时)。
in an hour一小时之后 in a week or so大约一星期之后
He will be back in five hours.他五小时之后回来。
They said they would arrive here in a week.他们说他们一周后到达。
within不超过……的范围
within 3 hours 3小时之内 within a week一周之内
I must finish painting the cat within five minutes.我必须在五分钟之内画好这只猫。
比较:within和in。within强调"在……时间之内",没有时态的限制。in是以现在为基础,in an hour是指从现在起一小时之后,所以in一般只用于将来时。
考向二:表示场所、方向的介词
(1) 表示场所的介词:at, in, on, under, by, near, between, around, opposite
(2) 表示方向的介词:into, out of, along, across, through, up, past
①at, in
at在某地(表示比较狭窄的场所)
at school上学 at home在家
stand at the door站在门边 at a factory在一家工厂
at the bottom of在……下面 at the party在聚会上
at the end of在……末尾 at the table在桌旁
at the station在火车站 at the crossroads在十字路口
at work在上班 at the bus stop在公共汽车站
I’ ll meet him at the Beijing railway station.我将去北京站接他。
in在某地(表示比较宽敞的场所)
in Beijing在北京 in the world在世界上 in the house在房子里
His brother is in prison and was arrested 2 years ago. 他哥哥两年前被捕现在在监狱中服刑。
She was born in China.她是在中国出生的。
②on, above, over, under, below
on在……上面,有接触面。
on the desk在桌子上面;on the map在地图上。
on在……靠近……的地方
on the right在右边 on the screen在屏幕上 on the river在河边 on the farm在农场
on the floor在地板上 on the island/beach在岛上/海滨 on the pavement在人行道上
above在……上方
Our plane flew above the clouds.我们的飞机在云端上飞行。
over在……正上方,是under的反义词
There is a light over Li Ming.李明的正上方有一盏灯。
A few birds were flying over the sea.有几只鸟在海上飞。
under在……下面;在……之内
under the table桌子下面 under the jacket在夹克内
The dog is under the table.这只狗在桌子下面。
below在……下方(不一定是正下方) 正下方是under,below是above的反义词。
There are a lot of fishes below the surface of the water.水面下有许多各式各样的鱼。
③near, by
near近的,不远的
near=not far,是far的反义词。near还可以指时间。
in the near future在不久的将来
Is there a bus stop near here 这儿附近有公共汽车站吗?
by在……旁边,距离比near要近
by the window在窗户旁边 by me在我旁边
The boy is standing by the window.这个男孩正站在窗户旁边。
④ between, among, around
between在两者之间
My teacher is sitting between Tom and Mike.我们的老师正坐在汤姆和迈克之间。
What’ s the difference between A and B A和B之间有什么区别?
among在三者或更多的之中
There is a beautiful house among the trees.在树林之中有一间漂亮的房子。
He is very popular among the students.他在学生之中很受欢迎(很出名)。
around环绕,在……周围,在……四周
We sat around the table.我们在桌子四周坐下来。
The earth moves around the sun.地球围绕太阳转。
⑤ in front of,behind,opposite
in front of早……的前面;在……的前部
There is a tree in front of the house.
There is a big desk for the teacher in the front of the classroom. 在教室的前部有一张大讲桌。
behind在……后面 behind是in front of的反义词
There is a tree behind my house. 我家房子后面有一颗树。
There is a tree at the back of my house.我家房子后面有一棵树。
opposite在……对面
Our school is opposite a university,我们学校在一所大学的对面。
He stood opposite me.他站在我对面。
⑥ in, into, out of, up
in在……之内,用于表示静止的位置
The students are in the classroom.学生们在教室里。
into进入用于表有特定终点的运动的方向。通常用于表示动作的动词之后,如go, come, walk, run等。
The students run into the classroom.学生们跑进教室。
He jumped into the water.他跳入水中。
out of和into一样,也表示有一定的运动方向
The students rushed out of the room.学生们冲出房间。
【重点】out of的基本含义:从……到外面,离开;在……范围之外;从(某个数)之中 up移动
The children climbed up the tree.孩子们爬上了树。
⑦ along, across, past, through
along沿着
I was walking along the river when it began to rain.我正沿着河边散步,突然下起雨来了。
across横过
I often swim across the river.我常游泳横渡这条河。
past经过
Every day he runs past the city hall.他每天跑步经过市政府。
through贯穿,通过
The sun shone through the clouds.阳光穿过云层照射下来。
The river was through the city.这条河穿过这个城市。
⑧ to, from, for
单词 含义 例句
to 到达……地点(目的地)或方向 He came to Japan in 1980.他1980年来到日本。
from 从……地点起 leaver for动身去…… start for出发去…… I will leave for America next week.下周我将动身去美国。
for 表示目的地,"向……" for表目的时,一般都是和固定动词搭配。 It’ s about ten minutes’ walk from here to the cinema. 从这儿到电影院大约需步行十分钟。
考向三: 其他介词(介词除了可以表示"时间"、"场所"以外,有些也可以表示"手段""材料"等。)
(1)表示手段和材料的介词with, in, by
①with和……在一起
Will you please go with me 你和我一起去好吗?
with具有、带有
He was a handsome boy with large bright eyes.他是有着一双明亮大眼睛的英俊男孩。
with用某种工具或办法
Li Li cut her hand with a knife.莉莉用刀把手指弄破了。
He wrote the letter with a new pen.他用一只新钢笔写这封信。
with one’ s help在某人的帮助下
With the teacher’ s help I have made progress.在老师的帮助下,我取得了进步。
②in表示用什么材料(如用墨水,铅笔等),或用什么语言,或者表示衣着、声调特点时,不用with,而用in。
she wrote a letter in black ink.她用黑色的墨水写信。
Don’ t write it in pencil but in ink.别用铅笔写,用钢笔(水)写。
Can you speak in English 你能用英语说吗?
③by通过……方法、手段
"by+交通工具"的词组:
by bicycle骑自行车 by train坐火车
by plane/by air坐飞机 by taxi坐出租车
by car坐小汽车 by ship坐船 by bus坐公共汽车
(2)of, from
①of(属于)……的;表示……的数量或种类
This is a map of china.这是一幅中国地图。
Will you please give me a cup of tea 请您给我一杯茶好吗?
②from来自(某地、某人);以……起始(时间或地点)
I’ m from Nanjing.我是南京人。
We work from Monday to Friday.我们从星期一到星期五上班。
(3)without, like, as
①without没有,是with的反义词。
Man can’ t live without air and water.人类没有空气和水不能生存。
Please give me a cup of coffee with(without)milk.请给我一杯(不)加牛奶的咖啡。
②like像……一样
Nancy is just like her mother.南希和她的妈妈一样。
Nancy looks like her mother.(南希和她妈妈长得一样。)用look时,强调外表。
③as作为
He is famous as a scientist here.他在此地作为一个科学家而闻名。
The room is dirty as usual.这房间像平时一样脏。
(4)against, about
①against反对;靠着
He is against the plan(Li Ming).他反对这个计划。(他反对李明)
The teacher is standing against the blackboard.老师正靠着黑板站着。
②about 关于;各处;身旁
Tell me something about your life.告诉我你的生活情况。
I have no money about/with me.我身上没带钱。
about 询问某人/某物的情况或提出建议
What about your sister 你姐姐情况如何?
How about going to the park 去公园怎么样?
考向四:介词短语
1 at once 立刻 2 at last 最后
3 at first 起先,首先 4 at the age of... 在……岁时
5 at the end of...在……之末 6 at the beginning of... 在……之初
7 at the foot of... 在……脚下 8 at the same time 同时
9 at night/noon 在夜里/中午 10 with one’ s help 在某人的帮助下,由于某人的帮助
11 with the help of ... 在……的帮助下 12 with a smile 面带笑容
13 with one’ s own eyes 亲眼看见 14 after a while 过了一会儿
15 from now on 从现在起 16 from then on 从那时起
17 for example 例如 18 far away from 远离
19 from morning till night 从早到晚 20 by and by 不久
21 by air mail 寄航空邮件 22 by bike/air/train/bus 骑自行车/乘飞机/火车/汽车
23 by ordinary mail 寄平信 24 by the way 顺便说
25 by the window 在窗边 26 by the end of... 到……底为止
27 little by little 逐渐地 28 in all 总共 29 in fact 事实上
30 in one’ s twenties 在某人二十几岁时 31 in a hurry 匆忙
32 in the middle of 在……中间 33 in no time (in a minute) 立刻,很快
34 in time (on time) 及时 35 in public 公众,公开地
36 in order to 为了…… 37 in front of 在……前面
38 in the sun 在阳光下 39 in the end 最后,终于
40 in surprise 惊奇地 41 in turn 依次
42 of course 当然 43 a bit (of) 有一点儿
44 a lot of 许多 45 a little 一点儿
46 on one’ s way to 某人在去……的路上 47 on foot 步行,走路
48 a talk on space 一个关于太空的报告 49 on the other hand 另一方面
50 at/on the weekend 在周末 51 on the left (right) 在左(右)边
52 on the other side of 在……另一边 53 on the radio 通过收音机(无线电广播)
54 to one’ s joy 使……高兴的是 55 to one’ s surprise 使……惊讶的是
1. The foreigners arrived __________ Shanghai __________ night.
A. at; at B. in; at C. in; in D. at; in
2. Wushu is becoming more and more popular __________ westerners.
A. among B. between C. in D.within
3. __________ the help of the teachers, we decorated. Our classroom __________ lanterns, flowers and pictures yesterday.
A. Under; without B. Under; among C. With; with D.With;between
4. The cakes __________ the shape of a round moon is called mooncakes.
A. like B. look like C. as D. likes
5. Smoking and drinking are not good _______ your health.
A. for B. to C. of D. at
6. It was clever __________ the boy to work __________ the maths problems in less than ten minutes.
A. for; out B. of; out C. for; on D. of; on
7. My aunt Jane tried her best to reduce her weight ________ 6 kg.
A. about B. at C. to D. by
8. In my opinion, I agree __________ you __________ that.
A. to; with B. with; to C. with; with D. with; on
9. I am familiar__________ this school since I have worked here for more than fifteen years.
A. with B. to C. about D. of
10. Would you please look __________ my baby girl __________ my absence
A. after; during B. for; during C. after; in D. to; in
1. Don’ t stay inside _________ such a sunny morning. Let’s go out to enjoy the gentle wind and the sweet flowers.
A. on B. in C. from D. at
2. In the picture, he sits _________ me, looking very happy.
A. beside B. among C. up D. through
3. —Who is the space scientist from Beijing
—The man _________ white over there. He’s of medium height.
A. with B. in C. or D. for
4.More and more people in Qingdao go to work _________ subway now.
A. with B. on C. in D. by
5. I’ve ordered some flowers for grandma and they will arrive _________ two hours.
A. in B. after C. over D. for
6.I always play basketball to relax myself _________ Saturdays.
A. on B. in C. at D. by
7. —Bill, did you see Tom
—Yes, he just parked his car here and then hurried _________ the street.
A. through B. over C. past D. across
8. —Excuse me, is there a computer room in your school
—Yes. It’s _________ the fifth floor.
A. on B. in C. at D. to
9. The earth goes _________ the sun.
A. around B. through C. between D. across
10. The program I’ m a singer is quite popular _________ students these days. They often talk about it between classes.
A. for B. with C. in
11. We won! The honor belongs _________ all the member of our team.
A. by B. of C. at D. to
12.Shirley is still waiting for her flight to New York City _________ the airport.
A. at B. under C. on D. with
13.Nora opened the box. To her surprise, _________ was a gold watch
A. outside B. inside C. beside D. behind
14.—Do you know the student _________ David and Jack
—Yeah. It’s Jim.
A. Among B. in C. between D. around
15. —Do you have anything else to say for being late again
—No, nothing _________ sorry.
A. above B. behind C. from D. but
16. Your gloves should be made _________ leather, for they feel soft and smooth.
A. in B. on C. for D. of
17. When you’ re invited to have dinner at home by an American friend, you should be _________ or a little later. It’s different from our Chinese custom.
A. on time B. on business C. on show
18. Who is better _________ playing basketball, you or your brother
A. at B. in C. on
19. — Hello, may I speak _________ Mike
—This is Mike speaking.
A. at B. to C. in D. on
20. To my pleasure, my family is always _________ me whatever I decide to do.
A. above B. behind C. from D. through
21. —Which is your new English teacher
—The young lady _________ red over there.
A. with B. in C. on D. for
22. A woman stood _________ the window, watching the children playing games in the garden.
A. past B. through C. across D. by
23. —_________, there must be life on other planets though none has been discovered.
—I agree with you. The universe is so large after all.
A. To my surprise B. To be honest C. In my opinion D. Again and again
24. I can’t see Lucy because she is _________ the tree.
A. in front of B. behind C. next to
1.Uncle Wang knows a lot about the world _________ watching TV.
A. by B. at C. to D. for
2. —I will go to visit Sanya this summer holiday.
—Really Sanya is famous _________ its beautiful beaches. Be sure to go to the beaches.
A. to B. for C. as D. with
3. Both teachers and students are busy _________ June.
A. with B. in C. on D. at
4. Can you see the cat hiding _________ the tree
A. on B. under C. over D. in
5. The litter bin _________ the corner of the room is a present from my brother.
A. at B. on C. in D. among
6. Harry’ s mom looks young and beautiful. It’s hard to imagine she is already _________ her _________.
A. in; fifty B. in; fifties C. on; fifties D. in; fiftieth
7. Pony Ma, the Chairman of Tencent Company, has made much money _________ the Internet.
A. along B. across C. towards D. through
8. Thank you _________ inviting me to your part.
A. for B. of C. with D. to
9. Everybody rose and clapped their hands _________ the end of the concert.
A. by B. in C. at D. for
10. Benjamin was born in Boston _________ the morning of January 17, 1907.
A. in B. on C. at D. by
11. Michael Jordan is known _________ an excellent basketball player and he is popular _________ the basketball fans.
A. for;to B. as;among C. to;with D. for;with
12. G20 Summit last year was held in Hangzhou _________ September 4th to September 5th .
A. on B. in C. at D. from
13. —What does your father do
—He is a doctor and he works _________ a hospital.
A. On B. in C. of D. to
14. —Why was Mary _________ such a hurry this morning
—Because her grandma was hurt by a car and sent to the hospital.
A. to B. for C. at D. in
15. _________ our joy, our class came first in this year’ s school football match.
A. In B. At C. To D. For
【跟踪训练】
2. A【解析】在……之中有两种表达。in(在物体内);among(在人群中间)。其实最大的干扰项为between,between(两者之间)/among(至者以上)。westerners西方人。故选A。
3. C【解析】在……的帮助下,英语的正确表达为with the help of而不是under the help of。"用……来装饰"的正确表达为decorate… with。故选C。
4. A【解析】like可以用作介词,表示"像……";as用作介词时表示"作为"、"好像(某人)"强调身份。look like表示"看上去像……",它是一个动词短语。而likes表示"喜欢",它是第三人称单数的形式。句意:像月亮的那种糕饼叫作月饼。句中少的是介词而不是动词,选A。
5. A【解析】句意:烟、酒对你的身体不利。be good for"对……有好处";be bad for和be harmful to意思为"对……有害处";而be good at是"擅长"的意思。be not good for"对……没有好处",显然与句意相符,所以答案是A。
6. B【解析】It is/was+ adj.+for sb. to do sth.这一结构只是用for sb. to do sth.作不定式的逻辑主语。work out意为"作出、算出、制定出"。work on意为"(对某人/某事)产生预期的结果或作用"。根据本句的意思只有答案B是正确的。
7. D【解析】有关reduce的两个短语为reduce…to(减到),reduce… by(减去)。作为一个成年人,6公斤的体重是不可能的。唯一可能的是减去了6公斤的体重。所以答案D是正确的。
8. D【解析】agree这个动词后可以+介词with/to/on。agree with sb.表示同意,赞成;agree to sth.同意,愿意,答应(某事物);agree with sb. about/on sth.(与某人)意见一致。故选D。
9. A【解析】be familiar with sth.意为"对某事物熟悉,通晓";be familiar to sb.意为"为(某人)所熟知的,经常见到或听到的";而be familiar with sb.意思为"友好的,不拘礼节的,过分亲密,冒失的"。因为在一个地方工作了15年,应该对这个地方非常的熟悉,所以答案A是正确的。
10.A【解析】look after照顾,look for寻找。during和in在表示一段时间时可以互换。但during后面必须有the,而in后面有the表示特指,没有的话就是泛指。如in summer指每年的夏天;而in the summer则为那年的夏天。during指"在整个过程中",更强调时间的延续。这时谓语动词表示延续性状态或习惯性动作。"in"则纯粹指一段时间,在那段时间里发生些什么。句意:在我不在期间你能帮我照看一下我的孩子吗?故选A。
【真题再现】
2. A【解析】句意:在这张照片中,他坐在我的旁边,看上去非常高兴。本题考查介词。A. beside在……旁边;B. among在……中;C. up向上;D. through穿过。根据句意可知选A。
3. B【解析】句意:——谁是来自北京的太空科学家?——在那边穿白色衣服的那个人。他中等身材。考查介词辨析题。in+颜色词,表示" 穿着某某颜色的衣服" ,习惯用法;根据句意语境,可知选B。
4. D【解析】句意:现在越来越多的青岛人乘地铁去上班。A. with 用;B. on 在……上;C. in 在……里;D. by乘。根据on/in+the+交通工具,by+交通工具;故选D。
5. A【解析】句意:我已经给奶奶点了一些鲜花,它们会两个小时后会到的。"in+一段时间" 表示" 一段时间以后" ,通常与一般将来时连用,这里是说买的花两个小时后就会到,选项B" after + 一段时间" 也可表示" 在…以后" ,但通常不与一般将来时共同使用,通常与一般过去时连用,选项C
"over+一段时间"表示" 在一段时间里" ,会与现在完成时连用,最后" for+一段时间" 表示"持续了……" ,通常作为时间状语与现在完成时连用,故选A。
【点睛】看到句子中的一般将来时,就要迅速回忆起相关的时间状语,最典型的通常会有"in+ 一段时间" 表示"一段时间以后",这样这种题也能迅速破解了。补充:1)in+一段时间,表示从说话人说话的时刻为起点一段时间以后,用于一般将来时。2)after+一段时间表示以过去的某一时间为起点," 过……之后" 。用于一般过去时。3)时间段+later指某一具体时间算起的" 以后" 、" 后来" ,可以指过去,也可指将来。
6. A【解析】句意:我总是在周六打篮球让自己放松下来。考查介词辨析题。on表示星期几或某一特定的日期;in泛指一般意义的上午、下午或晚上以及月或年等较长的时间;at表示时间的某一点、某一时刻或年龄;by和时间名词连用表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作,意思是" 到……时" 。Saturday星期六,需用介词on。根据句意语境,可知选A。
8. A【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:——打扰一下,你们学校有微机室吗?——有,在第五层。在第几层用介词on。故选A。
9. A【解析】句意:地球绕着太阳转。A. around围绕、环绕;B. through穿过,表示从事物内部穿过;C. between在……两者之间;D. across横穿,表示从事物外部一边到另一边。根据句意"地球绕着太阳转" 可知是around符合题意,故答案选A。
10. B【解析】句意:我现在是个歌手,这个节目很受学生欢迎。他们经常在课堂上谈论它。考查介词辨析题。be popular with在……中有声望/受好评,固定短语。根据句意语境,可知选B。
11. D【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:我们赢了!荣誉属于我们队的全体队员们。A. by通过,表方式;B. of ……的,表属性;C. at在……,表方位;D. to属于。belong to属于,归属,是固定搭配。故选D。
12. A【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:Shirley仍然在机场等待飞往纽约的航班。四个选项都是介词。A. at(表示位置)在……;B. under在……下面;C. on在……上面;D. with和……一起。at the airport在飞机场,是固定搭配。故选A。
13. B【解析】考查介词。句意:诺拉打开盒子。使她吃惊的是,在里面是一块金手表。A. outside在……外面;B. inside在……里面;C. beside在……旁边;D. behind在……后面。根据opened the box,所以是在盒子里面,故选B。
14. C【解析】考查介词的用法。句意:——你认识在戴维和杰克中间的学生吗?——是的。这里是吉姆。A. Among经过;处在……中;表示三者之间;B. in 在; C. between在……之间;表示在两者之间; D. around在附近。between在……之间。这里表示两者之间。故选C。
15. D【解析】考查介词的用法。句意:——你又迟到了,还有什么可说的吗?——不,只有抱歉。A. above在……上;B. behind在……下;C. from从……;D. but除了。根据上下文的意思,可知选D。
16. D【解析】考查介词用法。句意:你的手套应该是皮革做的,因为它们摸起来柔软光滑。make制作,be made 后面常跟两个介词,一是in,一是of。be made in在……制造,后接地点名词,如made in China,而be made of由……做成,后面跟的是材料名词。故选D。
18. A【解析】考查介词的用法。句意:谁更擅长打篮球,你还是你的哥哥?be good at擅长……,经常指长期某一方面表现好;be good in在……方面表现出色,往往表示某一次的效果。根据句意,可知在提问一种通常情况,而不是某一次的表现,故选A。
19. B【解析】考查介词。句意:——你好,可以让迈克接电话吗?——我就是迈克。这里是短语speak to sb.给某人说话。故选B。
20. B【解析】考查介词的用法。句意:令我愉快的是,无论我决定做什么,我的家庭总是支持我。A. above在……上;B. behind在……后面;C. from从……;D. through通过。be behind sb. 对某人支持或者赞同。结合句意,故选B。
21. B【解析】考查介词的用法。句意:——你们的新英语老师是哪个人?——那边穿着红衣服的那个年轻的女士。in +颜色,表示"穿着……颜色的衣服"。with表示"带有";on表示"在……上";for表示"为了,对于"。故选B。
22. D【解析】考查介词的用法。句意:一个女人站在窗户旁边,看着花园里玩游戏的孩子们。A. past经过,指从事物旁边经过; B. through 穿过,指从事物内部通过;C. across横穿,指从事物的一边到了另一边;D. by加地点名词,表示在……旁边。结合句意,故选D。
23. C【解析】考查介词短语的用法。句意:——依我看来,尽管没有人被发现但是在其他的行星上一定有生命。——我赞同你。毕竟宇宙那么大。A. To my surprise 令我吃惊的是;B. To be honest 老实说,说实在的;C. In my opinion 在我看来,依我看来;D. Again and again一次又一次。根据后文表示的是个人观点,故选C。
24. B【解析】考查介词的用法。句意:我不能看见露西因为她在树后。A. in front of 在……前面;B. behind在……后面;C. next to挨着。根据句意可知选B。
【模拟检测】
1. A【解析】句意:王叔叔通过看电视对世界了解很多。by通过……,表示方式,符合句意。
2. B【解析】句意:——今年暑假我要去三亚旅游。——真的吗?三亚因美丽的沙滩而著名。你一定要去海滩。be famous for因……而著名。根据句意可知选B。
3. B【解析】句意:在六月,教师和学生都很忙。在月、年和季节前要用介词in。故选B。
4. D【解析】你能看见躲在树上的猫吗?在树上有两种不同的表达:in the tree和on the tree。而on the tree这个介词短语强调的是本来长在树上的。in the tree是指外来物或躲在树上的。故选D。
6. B【解析】句意:哈利的妈妈看起来年轻、漂亮。很难想象她已经五十几岁了。in one’ s fifties某人五十几岁,故选B。
7. D【解析】句意:马化腾,腾讯公司的主席,通过互联网赚了很多钱。along沿着;across穿过;towards朝,向;through穿过,通过。根据句意可知,这里表示通过……方式,故应选D。
8. A【解析】句意:谢谢你邀请我参加你的聚会。for介词;thank you for…因……而感谢;for后跟感谢的原因,其它选项的介词没有此用法。故选A。
9. C【解析】句意:音乐会结束时,大家起立鼓掌。考查介词短语辨析。固定短语:at the end of…在……末尾/结尾;in the end:最终,最后,副词短语;by the end of到……为止。结合句意和语境可知选C。
10. B【解析】句意:本杰明于1907年1月17日上午出生在波士顿。考查介词在时间前的用法。表示时间的某一点、某一时刻或年龄或夜里等用 at。如,at six(在六点钟),在夜里(at night), at the age of 25(在25岁时);在一段时间里,一般用 in,特别泛指一般意义的上午、下午或晚上以及月或年等较长的时间段,in the evening(在晚上),in 1946。by+时间名词。意为:"到……时(已发生某事),此时谓语多用完成时;最晚、不迟于……,在……之前"。如:by now/then/this time/next Friday;在具体的某一天,或某一天的上午,下午或晚上用介词on。结合句意和语境可知选B。
11. B【解析】句意:Michael Jordan以作为一名优秀的篮球运动员而文明,他在篮球粉丝中很受欢迎。短语be known as…表示以作为……文明;among在……之间。根据题意,故选B。
12. D【解析】句意:去年20国集团峰会于9月4日至9月5日在杭州举行.。短语from…to…表示从……到……。根据题意,故选D。
15. C【解析】句意:令我们高兴的是,我们班在今年的学校足球比赛中获得了第一名。in在……里面;at在具体时刻;to到……;for为了,因为。to one’ s joy是固定短语,令某人高兴的是,故选C。