2023-2024学年中考专项复习专题16：现在进行时（含解析）

考点十六 现在进行时
一、现在进行时的定义
现在进行时主要用于表示目前正在进行的动作，有时也可表示现阶段在进行的动作。
The teacher is giving us an English lesson. 老师正在给我们上英语课。
The farmers are getting in their crops. 农民们正在收割庄稼。
We are making preparations for the conference. 我们一直在为会议作准备。
二、现在进行时的构成
现在进行时由＂be+现在分词（v-ing）＂构成。be应为助动词，一定不要漏掉！它应与主语的人称和数保持一致，即：I am/he/she/it 包括单数名词和不可数名词用is，you/we/they 包括复数名词用are。
1. 现在分词变化规则如下：
a. 动词后直接+- ing（例：sleep+-ing→sleeping）
b. 去掉不发音的e+-ing（例：bite-e+-ing→biting）
c. 重读闭音节，且末尾只有1个辅音字母，双写辅音字母+-ing（例：sitting，beginning，getting，putting，running，stopping，cutting ）
d. 特殊变化：die→dying，lie→lying，tie→tying
2. 句式构成如下：
肯定句式：主语+be（am，is，are）+现在分词+其他。
They are having an English class. 他们在上英语课。
否定句式：主语+be（am，is，are）+not +现在分词+其他。
They aren’t having an English class. 他们不在上英语课。
一般疑问句：Be（am，is，are）+主语+现在分词+其他？
Are they having an English class 他们在上英语课吗
特殊疑问句：疑问词+be（am，is，are）+主语+现在分词+其他？
What are you doing now 你现在在做什么？
助动词变化口诀：变疑问，往前提，句后问号莫丢弃；变否定，更容易，be后not 莫忘记。
三、现在进行时的应用
A表示现在（ 指说话人说话时）正在发生的事情。
We are waiting for you.
B. 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。
Mr. Green is writing another novel.（说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。）
She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.
C. 已经确定或安排好的将来活动。
I’m leaving for a trek in Nepal next week.（已经安排了）
We’re flying to Paris tomorrow.（票已经拿到了）
在实际运用时，现在进行时常用以下几种情况：
（1）当句子中有now时，常表示动作正在进行，这时要用现在进行时。
They are playing basketball now. 现在他们正在打篮球。
（2）以look，listen开头的句子，提示我们动作正进行，这时要用现在进行时。
Listen! She is singing an English song. 听，她正在唱英语歌。
（3）表示当前一段时间或现阶段正在进行的动作，且此时有this week，these days等时间状语，这时常用现在进行时。
We are making model planes these days. 这些天我们在做飞机模型。
（4）描述图片中的人物的动作，也为了表达更生动。此时也常用现在进行时。
Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park. 看这幅图，那些孩子正在公园放风筝。
四、现在进行时与一般现在时的区别
(1) 现在进行时强调目前正在进行的动作，而一般现在时强调经常性或习惯性的动作。如：
I’m reading a story now. 我在看一个故事。(目前正在干的事情)
I read stories in my spare time. 我有空时看故事。(经常性的行为)
(2) 现在进行时强调现阶段一直在进行的动作，而一般现在时只表动作的重复，而不表示动作的持续。
What are you doing these days 这几天你在干什么？
They are learning English in the summer holiday. 他们暑假在学英语。
They read English every day. 他们每天读英语。
They play volleyball every Sunday. 他们每周星期天都打排球。
(3) 表示短促动作的动词(如 jump, knock, beat, pick, skip等)的进行时，表示动作的重复。
The girls are jumping over there. 女孩子们在那边跳。
His heart is beating fast. 他的心脏跳得很快。
(5) 某些表示希望或想法的动词(如hope, wonder, want等)的进行时可以表示委婉客气。
I’m wondering whether you can help us now. 我不知道你现在能否给我们帮一个忙。
I’m hoping that you will succeed. 我正在希望你成功呢。
四类动词不用进行时
英语中有四类动词一般不用进行时(不用现在进行时和过去进行时)
1. 表心理状态、情感的动词，如love, hate, like, care, respect, please, prefer, know等，若用进行时则词义改变。
2. 表存在、状态的动词，如appear, exist, lie, remain, stand, seem等
3. 表感觉的动词，如see, hear, feel, smell, sound, taste等
4. 表一时性的动词，如accept, allow, admit, decide, end, refuse, permit, promise等。
五、现在进行时的特殊用法
1. 现在进行时表暂时
现在进行时可用来表示不会长期发生的动作或情况，或被认为在短期内正在进行的动作或存在的状况。
—What’s your daughter doing these days 你女儿现在在干什么
—She’s studying English at Durham University. 她在达勒姆大学学习英语。
这种情况不一定在说话时发生：
Don’t take that ladder away. Your father’s using it .
别把梯子拿走，你父亲在用呢。(即不一定现在在用。)
She’s at her best when she’s making big decisions. 当做出最大决定时，她处于最佳状态。
暂时发生的事情也可以是在说话时正在进行着：
The river is flowing very fast after last night’s rain. 昨夜下过雨后，河水流速很快。
现在进行时也用来表示当前的动向：
People are becoming less tolerant of smoking these days. 如今人们对吸烟较为难以忍受了。
2. 现在进行时表将来
意为：意图、打算、安排、常用于人。常用词为come, go, start, arrive, leave, stay等。
I’m leaving tomorrow.
Are you staying here till next week
现在进行时巧记口诀 look, listen是标志，现在进行正发生； 有时now在句中现，＂be＋v-ing＂时态成。 若问be用何形式，须看主语数、人称。 he/she is, I am，we, you, they后are紧跟。 v-ing形式更好记，三种构成要分清。 一般问句be提前，be后加not否定成！
用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. —What’s your mother doing
—She ______________ (cook).
2. ______________ they ______________ (shop) in the supermarket
3. Lucy’s father and mother often ______________ (take) a walk after super.
4. Look! He ______________ (play) basketball.
5. Listen! Who ______________ (sing) in the next room
6. My father usually ______________ (watch) TV at night.
7. Please be quiet. My grandma ______________ (sleep).
8. It’s ______________ (sun) today in Shanghai.
9. —How is it ______________ (go), Tom
—Not bad. Thank you.
10. Look at the boy. He ______________ (study).
11. Sounds like you ______________ (have) a good time now.
1. —I can’t find Jimmy. Where is he
—He ______________ in the garden at the moment.
A. works B. will work C. is working
2. More and more foreign students begin to learn Chinese, and many of them ______________ Chinese better and better now.
A. are spoken B. spoke C. has spoken D. are speaking
3.Please don’t make so much noise. The baby ______________ now.
A. sleeps B. slept C. will sleep D. is sleeping
4.—Hurry up! We ______________ for you at the gate.
—I’m sorry. I’m coming soon.
A. wait B. will wait C. have been waited D. are waiting
5. The winter holiday is coming, so the twins as well as Alex ______________ to Sanya for vacation.
A. go B. goes C. are going D. is going
6.Everyone wants to reach the top of the mountain, but all the happiness happens while you ______________ it.
A. climb B. climbed C. are climbing D. have climbed
7.—Where are you going, Bob
—To go hiking. Eric ______________ for me at the school gate!
A. was waiting B. waits C. waited D. is waiting
8.—Today’s young people can’t live without smart phones.
—They keep their hands on the phones wherever they go, even while they ______________ meals.
A. have B. are having C. were having D. will have
9.Alice, please turn down the music, I ______________ an important phone now.
A. answer B. answered C. have answered D. am answering
10.—May I speak to Mrs. Black
— Sorry, mum can’t come to the phone now. She ______________ a shower.
A. has B. had C. is having D. was having
1.Listen! Someone ______________ at the door. Please go and answer it.
A. knocks B. is knocking
C. has knocked D. was knocking
2.No noise, please. Your brother ______________ his homework in the next room.
A. does B. is doing C. did D. has done
3.There are a group of people over there. What do you think ______________
A. to happen B. is happened
C. will happen D. is happening
4. —What’s John doing right now
—He ______________ soccer. He ______________ soccer every Saturday.
A. is playing; is playing B. plays; plays
C. is playing; plays D. plays; is playing
5. Look, so many people ______________ games in the park! They look very happy!
A. play B. is playing C. are playing
6.—Where is Grace
—She with her brother ______________ playing basketball at school.
A. is practice B. is practicing
C. are practicing D. are practice
7. Jack will go to Australia for further study tomorrow, so he ______________ his luggage at present.
A. has packed B. is packing C. packs D. will pack
8.Bob ______________ with his post in his office at the moment.
A. deals B. dealt C. is dealing D. has dealt
9.—Sorry, but I have something important to talk to your mother. Is she in right now
—e in, please. She ______________ some cleaning in the kitchen.
A. is doing B. does C. did D. was doing
10.—It’s quite noisy in the classroom.
—So it is. All the students ______________ happily because of the coming party.
A. talk and laugh B. are talking and laughing
C. talked and laughed D. were talking and laughing
11. The teacher said,＂Jerry, I hope you ______________ more careful next time.＂
A. will be B. are C. were D. would be
12. Britain ______________ to leave European Union last year. David Cameron, former Prime Minister ______________ since then.
A. decided; retired B. decided; has been retired
C. has decided; retired D. has decided; has retired
13. The list ______________ 19 trillion data ______________ over nine years from 390 cities across 48 countries.
A. based on; collected B. based on; collecting
C. is based on; collected D. is based on; collecting
跟踪训练
1. is cooking 2. Are；shopping 3. take 4. is playing
5. is singing 6. watches 7. is sleeping 8. sunny
9. going 10. is studying 11. are having
真题再现
1. C【解析】句意：——我不能找到吉姆，他在哪儿？——此刻他在花园里工作。根据at the moment可知用现在进行时态；故选C。
3. D 【解析】考查现在进行时的用法。句意：请不要发出那么多噪音。那个婴儿现在正在睡觉。根据时间状语now可知此处用现在进行时is sleeping，故选D。
4. D 【解析】考查现在进行时的用法。句意：——赶快！我们在门口等你。——对不起，我很快就来。A. wait一般现在时态形式；B. will wait一般将来时态形式；C. have been waited现在完成时态的被动语态形式；D. are waiting现在进行时态形式。催促赶快，因为正在外面等，句子用现在进行时态。故选D。
5. C 【解析】考查现在进行时的用法。句意：寒假要来了，因此双胞胎和Alex要去三亚度假。A. go非第三人称单数的一般现在时态；B. goes第三人称单数的一般现在时态；C. are going现在进行时态；D. is going现在进行时态。描述寒假将要发生的动作，可以用现在进行时态表示将来，A、B错，句子的主语the twins是复数，谓语也要用复数形式。故选C。
6. C 【解析】考查现在进行时的用法。句意：每个人想要达到山顶，但是所有的快乐发生在爬山的过程中。while引导的时间状语从句用现在进行时，故选C。
7. D 【解析】考查现在进行时的用法。句意：——鲍勃，你要去哪里？——去徒步旅行。埃里克正在校门口等着我。根据Where are you going, Bob 可知他要出发了，因此埃里克正在等着他，因此用现在进行时is waiting，故选D。
9. D 【解析】考查现在进行时的用法。句意：爱丽丝，请把音乐关小点，我在接一个重要的电话。根据now可知该用现在进行时，所以选D。
10. C 【解析】考查现在进行时的用法。句意：——我可以和Mrs. Black通电话吗？——她不能来接电话因为她正在洗澡。这里表示说话的是某人正在做某事，所以应该现在进行时，故选C。
模拟检测
1. B 【解析】句意：听！有人在敲门。请去看一看。像Listen，look，now等表示现在时间，要用现在进行时态，现在进行时的构成：be doing；根据Listen!可知现在的时间，要用现在进行时态，结合句意和语境可知选B。
2. B 【解析】句意：请不要大声喧哗。你哥哥正在隔壁房间里写作业。结合语境可知本句描述的是现在正在进行的动作，故用现在进行时态。故选B。
3. D 【解析】句意：在那边有一群人，你认为发生什么了？根据前文There are a group of people over there.可知，这里是在问正在发生什么，这里用现在进行时，其结构是be doing的形式。故选D。
4. C 【解析】句意：——John现在正在做什么？——他正在踢足球，他每周六都踢足球。根据语境第一个空用现在进行时，其结构是be doing sth.，主语是单数，谓语动词用is；根据时间状语every Saturday可知第二个空用用一般现在时态，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词要变第三人称单数，故选C。
5. C 【解析】句意：看，那么多的人们在公园里做运动。他们显得非常开心。根据句意，人们在公园里做运动的动作现在能够被看到，说明是现在正在进行的动作。表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，句子用现在进行时态，现在进行时态由am/is/are+现在分词所构成。本题中people是复数名词，be动词用are，动词play直接加-ing。故选C。
6. B 【解析】句意：——格雷斯在哪里？——她正在和她哥哥在学校练习打篮球。be后跟现在分词，构成现在进行时态，此句的主语为she，with her brother作状语，be用is，故答案为B。
【名师点睛】主语为单数名词或代词，尽管后面跟有with，together with，along with，as well as，besides，except，but，like等介词或介词短语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：Mike with his father has been to England. 迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰。Mike, like his brother, enjoys playing football. 迈克像他的哥哥一样喜欢踢足球。
8. C 【解析】句意：现在鲍勃在他的办公室里处理他的邮件。At the moment表示＂现在，此刻＂，句子描述的是现在在办公室处理邮件，表示现在正在发生的动作，句子用现在进行时态。故选C。
9. A 【解析】句意：——对不起，但是我有一些重要的事情要和你的母亲交谈？她现在在家吗？——是的，请进，她正在厨房里打扫卫生。根据语境可知用现在进行时，其结构是be doing的形式，主语是第三人称单数，这里用is。故选A。
10. B 【解析】句意：——教室里太吵了。——确实是这样。所有的学生因为即将到来的聚会而正在大声说笑。此题是描述的一个场景，教室里很吵，是因为所有的学生正在大声说笑，故用现在进行时。故选B。
11. A【解析】句意：老师说：＂Jerry,我希望你下次更认真些。＂根据next time可知此处用一般将来时will+
动词原形。故选A。
12. B【解析】句意：英国去年决定退出欧盟。英国前首相戴维卡梅伦( David Cameron )从此退休。考查动词时态辨析题。last year去年，用于一般过去时，可排除CD两项。since then从那时起，用于现在完成时，可排除A项。根据句意语境，可知选B。
13. C【解析】句意：这份名单是基于48个国家的390个城市9年收集的19万亿数据。based on以……为基础，是非谓语动词形式；be based on以……为基础，是谓语动词形式；collected收集，过去分词；collecting现在分词。根据句子结构可知，第一个空是该句的谓语动词，应带be动词形式，排除A和B；第二个空是作后置定语，修饰前面的名词data，数据，他们之间构成被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故选C。