2024年高一英语复习之核心单词、短语、句型知识清单（译林版2020必修第三册）
Unit 1 Nature in the balance
一、重点单词识记
1. ________ n. 大量；团，块，堆；一大群 adj. 大批的，广泛的
2. ________ adj. 高大的；高耸的；出色的
3. ________ n. 影响，作用；撞击，冲撞 vt. & vi. 有影响，冲击
4. ________ n. 灭绝，绝种
5. ________ vt. & n. 损害，伤害，破坏，损坏
6. ________ n. 足迹，踪迹；小道；轨道；跑道；路线 vt. &vi. 跟踪，追踪
7. ________ vi. 反对，抗议 vt. 反对；坚持声称，申辩 n. 抗议，反对
8. ________ n. 利润，收益；好处 v. 获益，得到好处
9. ________ n. 过程，进程；步骤，流程 vt. 加工，处理
10. ________ vt. 回收利用，再利用
11. ________ adj. 昔日的，前任的；以前的，从前的
12. ________ adj. 更多的，更进一步的adv. 较远，更远；进一步 vt. 促进，增进
答案：1. mass 2. towering 3. impact 4. extinction 5. damage 6. track
7. protest 8. profit 9. process 10. recycle 11. former 12. further
二、核心词汇变形
1. ________ n. & vi. 损害；危害→________ adj. 有害的→________ adj. 无害的
2. ________ n. 地区，区域；行政区→________ adj. 地区的，区域的
3. ________ adj. 长的；冗长的→________ n. 长度；长→________ vt. 加长
4. ________ vi. 变化；变动→________ adj. 各种各样的→________ n. 变化；多样(化)；多变(性)
5. ________ vi. & vt. 幸存；幸免；生还→________ n. 幸免；幸存；生还→________ n. 幸存者；生还者
6. ________ v. 出现→________ n. 外貌，出现→________ v. 消失→________ n. 消失
7. ________ vt. 涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 vi. 申请；请求；使用→________ n. 申请→________ n. 申请人
8. ________ vt. 组织；成立→________ n. 组织者→________ adj. 有组织的→________ n. 组织
9. ________ adj. 绝对的，完全的→________ adv. 绝对地，完全地
10. ________ adj. 完全的，彻底的→________ adv. 完全地，全部地
11. ________ v. 防卫，保护→________ n. 辩护；防御
12. ________ n. 经济→________ adj. 经济的
13. ________ n. 官员adj. 公务的，正式的→________ adv. 官方地
14. ________ n. 毒药；毒害vt. 毒害；使中毒→________ adj. 有毒的
15. ________ n. 化学制品adj. 化学的→________ n. 化学→________ adv. 用化学，以化学方法
16. ________ adj. 作为结果的；随之发生的→________ n. 结果；后果；重要性→________ adv. 结果
答案：
1. harm, harmful, harmless 2. region, regional 3. long, length, lengthen 4. vary, various, variety
5. survive, survival, survivor 6. appear, appearance, disappear, disappearance
7. apply, application, applicant 8. organize, organizer, organized, organization 9. absolute, absolutely
10. entire, entirely 11. defend, defence 12. economy, economic 13. official, officially
14. poison, poisonous 15. chemical, chemistry, chemically 16. consequent, consequence, consequently
三、重点短语识记
1. ________________ 相应地，转而
2. ________________ 使分解(为)，使变化(成)
3. ________________ 给……带来起色，注入活力
4. ________________ 由于，因为
5. ________________ 逐渐增加，扩大
6. ________________ 想出，想到
7. ________________ (公开)要求，需要
8. ________________ 突然记起(或想到)
9. ________________ 摆脱，丢弃，扔掉
10. ________________ 使发生(或存在)
答案：
1. in turn 2. break down 3. breathe life into 4. due to 5. build up
6. come up with 7. call for 8. spring to mind 9. get rid of 10. give rise to
四、重点句型应用
1.倍数关系句型
With an area of around 6 million square kilometres, the Amazon rainforest is ________________________.
亚马孙雨林面积约600万平方千米,是中国国土面积的一半以上。
2. 完全倒装句
________________________ is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor.往上是阴暗森林地表厚实的落叶层。
3. judging from...根据……判断
What do you think this script is about ________________________
根据标题和图片,你认为这个节选讲了什么
4.独立主格结构
The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries, including Brazil and Peru, and one overseas region of France, ________________________.亚马孙雨林穿过包括巴西、秘鲁在内的八个国家,以及一块法国的海外领地,都位于南美洲大陆。
5. even though 引导的从句
We’ve been taking various measures, including the use of new technologies, to reduce pollution in the production process, ________________________.
我们一直在采取各种措施,包括使用新技术,以减少生产过程中的污染,尽管这些措施提高了我们的生产成本。
6. with复合结构
________________________, the Norgate Environmental Protection Committee is searching for ways to fight the problem.
鉴于污染程度不断加重,诺盖特市环境保护委员会正在设法应对这个问题。
答案：
1. more than half the size of China
2. Above that
3. judging from the title and pictures
4. all on the South American continent
5. even though these measures raise our production costs
6. With pollution levels on the rise
Unit 2 Natural disasters
一、重点单词识记
1. ________ n. 碰撞声，破裂声；碰撞；崩溃 vi. & vt. 碰撞，撞击；崩溃
2. ________ n. 信号，暗号；标志；信号灯 vi. & vt. 发信号，示意；标志
3. ________ adj. 奇怪的，怪异的；偶尔的；不成对的
4. ________ n. 会议，研讨会；讨论，商谈
5. ________ vt. 供应，供给，提供n. 补给，补给品；供应；供应量，储备
6. ________ n. 洪水，水灾；大量 vi. &vt. 淹没，泛滥；大量涌入；充满
7. ________ adv. 否则，不然，除此以外
8. ________ n. & vt. 救援，营救，抢救
答案：
1. crash 2. signal 3. odd 4. conference 5. supply 6. flood 7. otherwise 8. rescue
二、核心词汇变形
1. ________ v. 伤害→________ adj. 受伤的→________n. 伤害
2. ________ vi. 作出反应，回应→________ n. 反应；抗拒
3. ________ vt. 证实，确认；使确信，批准→________ n. 证实，确认，批准
4. ________ v.(________,________)发生，出现，存在于→________ n. 发生；发生的事情
5. ________ n. 宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济→________ vt. 减轻或解除(痛苦、困苦或忧虑等)→________ adj. 感到宽慰的，放心的
6. ________ v. 破坏→________ adj. 引起破坏(或毁灭)的，破坏(或毁灭)性的→________ n. 破坏
7. ________ vt. 了解，熟悉；通知→________ n. 信息→________ adj. 有学问的；有见识的
8. ________ vt. 使震惊 n. 震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动→________ adj. 令人震惊的→________ adj. 感到震惊的
9. ________ v. 惊吓，害怕n. 恐慌；惊吓→________ adj. 害怕的→________ adj. 恐怖的，吓人的
10. ________ n. 电力；权力；政权→________ adj. 强大的，强有力的→________ adj. 无力的
11. ________ v. 捐赠，赠送；献(血)→________ n. 捐赠，赠送
12. ________ adj. 好奇的，奇特的→________ n. 好奇→________ adv. 好奇地
13. ________ v. 爆发；突然发生→________ n. 爆发；喷发
14. ________ n. 港口；港口城市→________ v. 出口，输出 n. 出口产品→________ v. 进口；引进 n. 进口产品；输入的产品
15. ________ adj. 遥远的，久远的→________ n. 遥远，久远；距离；疏远；差异
16. ________ adj. 灵敏的，锋利的→________ adv. 急剧地，锋利地→________ v. 使锋利
17. ________ vt. 找出……的准确位置→________ n. 位置
18. ________ v. 退休→________ n. 退休
答案：
1. injure, injured, injury 2. react, reaction 3. confirm, confirmation 4. occur, occurred, occurred, occurrence
5. relief, relieve, relieved 6. destroy, destructive, destruction 7. inform, information, informed
8. shock, shocking, shocked 9. scare, scared, scary 10. power, powerful, powerless 11. donate, donation
12. curious, curiosity, curiously 13. erupt, eruption14. port, export, import 15. distant, distance
16. sharp, sharply, sharpen 17. locate, location 18. retire, retirement
三、重点短语识记
1. ________________ 整个，全部
2. ________________ 点名
3. ________________ 安然无恙的
4. ________________ 被想到，浮现在脑中
5. ________________ (在困境中)保持冷静
6. ________________ 用完，耗尽
7. ________________ 呈现……的形状，采取……的形式
8. ________________ 突然开始，爆发
9. ________________ 到处，各处
10. ________________ 抓紧，不放松
答案：
1. at large 2. roll call 3. safe and sound 4. occur to 5. keep one’s head 6. run out of
7. take the form of 8. break out 9. far and wide 10. hold on to
四、重点句型应用
1. be doing sth.when... 正在做某事就在这时……
Alice Brown, head teacher at Falmont Primary School, ________________________.弗尔蒙特小学校长艾丽斯·布朗正在上课,这时地板开始摇晃起来。
2. in case 引导目的状语从句
At the same time, Miss Brown quickly opened the classroom door, ________________________ and could not open.
同时布朗女士迅速打开了教室的门,以防门在摇晃中损坏而无法打开。
3. It occurred to sb. that... 某人突然想到……
________________________ these were signs of an approaching tsunami.
她立刻意识到这些是海啸来临的前兆。
4. might have done 本来可以做某事
Its ashy rocks, now dark, now light, told a story of past eruptions ________________________!火山岩忽明忽暗,讲述着几度喷发的往事,这本可以警告这座城市里的人们,即将到来的是什么!
5. as if 引导的状语从句,省略了主语和be动词
Its walls were fresh ________________________.
它的墙壁焕然一新,仿佛昨天粉刷过一样。
6. The moment 引导时间状语从句
________________________, Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape.晃动一停止,布朗女士意识到这是全班逃生的最好时机。
答案：
1. was teaching when the floor began to shake
2. in case it became damaged during the shaking
3. It immediately occurred to her that
4. that might have warned the city what was to come
5. as if painted yesterday
6. The moment the shaking stopped
Unit 3 The world online
一、重点单词识记
1. ________ n. 连环漫画；喜剧演员 adj. 喜剧的；滑稽的
2. ________ n. 国界；边界；边缘； 尖端
3. ________ num. 十亿
4. ________ n. 按键；纽扣
5. ________ n. 程度；范围；限度
6. ________ n. 点击，单击；咔哒声 vi. & vt. 点击；使发出咔哒声；单击
7. ________ vt. 下载
8. ________ n. 事情；事件；公共事务，政治事务
9. ________ n. 地点；现场；站点，网站
10. ________ n. 评论，议论；指责；批评 vi. & vt. 表达意见
11. ________ adj. 可移动的，非固定的；行动方便的；流动的 n. 手机
12. ________ vt. & vi.(互联网上)冲浪；浏览；进行冲浪运动
13. ________ n. 指导方针；准则；参考
14. ________ vt. 要求，请求 n. 请求，要求；要求的事
15. ________ adv. 不知怎么地；以某种方式(或方法)
16. ________ vt. 删除；移走；开除
17. ________ n. 仪器；设备；手段；技巧
18. ________ vt. & vi. 离开；放弃；停止；戒掉
19. ________ n. 报纸，杂志；日记
20. ________ vt. 显出；透露；揭示；展示
答案：
1. comic 2. frontier 3. billion 4. button 5. extent 6. click 7. download 8. affair 9. site
ment11. mobile 12. surf 13. guideline 14. request 15. somehow 16. remove 17. device
18. quit 19. journal20. reveal
二、核心词汇变形
1. ________ adj. 明显的；显著的→________ adv. 显然，明显地
2. ________ n. 贸易；商业；商务→________ adj. 商业的；营利的 n. 广告
3. ________ vt. 传送；宣布；发表；递送→________ n. 交付；分娩；递送
4. ________ vt. 安排；整理→________ n. 布置；安排；约定；排列
5. ________ vt. 建立(关系或联系)，创立；确立；查实；确定；使得到认可→________ n. 确立，制定；公司
6. ________ adj. 立即的；立刻的；方便的→________ conj. 一……就……
7. ________ n. 机会，权利；入径，通道 vt. 到达，进入，使用→________ adj. 可达到的；易接近的；易懂的
8. ________ n. 技巧，技术；手法→________ adj. 专门技术的；专业的；技能的，技术的
9. ________ n. 对……入迷的人；瘾君子→________ adj. 沉溺于某种(尤其是不良的)嗜好的；入了迷的
10. ________v.(使)害怕；受惊吓；吓跑→________ adj.(事物)可怕的；恐怖的；吓人的
11. ________ vt. 欣赏；感激；领会；赏识→________ n. 欣赏，鉴别；感谢
12. ________ vt. 使快乐；款待，招待→________ n. 娱乐活动；招待，娱乐
13. ________ adj. 知道，意识到；察觉到，发觉；有……意识的→________ n. 认识，意识
答案：
1. obvious, obviously 2. commerce , commercial 3. deliver, delivery 4. arrange, arrangement
5. establish, establishment 6. instant, instantly 7. access, accessible 8. technique, technical
9. addict, addicted 10. scare, scary 11. appreciate, appreciation 12. entertain, entertainment
13. aware, awareness
三、重点短语识记
1. ________________ 起飞；脱下；突然大受欢迎，迅速流行
2. ________________ 在一定程度上
3. ________________ 掌握(信息)；熟悉、精通(知识等)，了如指掌
4. ________________ 使显示在计算机屏幕上，调出，提出
5. ________________ 最重要的是，尤其是
6. ________________ 属于，归……所有
7. ________________ 创建；建立
8. ________________ 全神贯注看着某物，离某物很近
9. ________________ 飞驰而过
10. ________________ 撞倒某人，使某人双脚离地
11. ________________ 全神贯注，沉浸于
12. ________________ 减少；削减
答案：
1. take off 2. to a certain extent 3. at one’s fingertips 4. bring up 5. above all else 6. belong to 7. set up
8. be glued to sth. 9. shoot past 10. knock sb. off one’s feet 11. be lost in 12. cut back on
四、重点句型应用
1. could have done表示与过去相反的虚拟语气
Sometimes I had the uncomfortable feeling that this little machine had taken up too much of my time, and that I ________________________ something more meaningful than just looking at a tiny screen all day.
有时我有一种不舒服的感觉,这个小机器占用了我太多的时间,我本可以做一些更有意义的事情,而不是整天只盯着一个小屏幕。
2.独立主格结构
________________________, I stepped into the road and a car shot past, nearly knocking me off my feet!
我低着头,眼睛盯着我的智能手机,走到路上,一辆汽车从我身边飞驰而过,差点把我撞倒!
3.形容词比较级的否定形式表示最高级意义
We ________________________ to each other.
我们从未感到彼此如此亲密过。
4. with复合结构
The Internet has also made our lives unbelievably convenient, ________________________ by electronic commerce, more commonly known as e-commerce.
互联网通过电子商务——也就是通常所说的电商——提供应有尽有的商品和服务,给我们的生活带来了难以置信的便利。
5.完全倒装句
________________________ of searching shop after shop for the perfect pair of boots.
为了买一双理想的靴子,一家店接一家店去找的日子已经一去不复返了。
6. only引导倒装句
________________________ the Internet be a place of discovery, wonder and inspiration for everyone.唯有如此,互联网才能成为每个人的发现之地、奇妙之所、灵感之源。
答案：
1. could have done
2. Head down, eyes on my smartphone
3. had never felt closer
4.with all sorts of goods and services provided
5. Gone are the days
6. Only in this way can
Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world
一、重点单词识记
1. ________ n. 共和国；共和政体
2. ________ adj. 致命的；非常的；十足的；彻底的
3. ________ n. 省，省份
4. ________ n. 实验，试验；尝试 vi. 尝试；做试验；进行实验
5. ________ n. 试验；审讯；考验 vi. & vt. 试验，测试
6. ________ adj. 家庭的，家用的；家喻户晓的 n. 一家人，家庭
7. ________ vt. 延期；延迟
8. ________ adj. 足够的；充足的
9. ________ vt. 阐明，举例说明；加插图于
10. ________ n. 金属
11. ________ n. 数据，资料，材料
12. ________ n. 事故；意外； 意外事件，偶然的事
13. ________ n. 政治家，政客；投机钻营者
14. ________ n. 电；电能
15. ________ adj. 杰出的；出色的 n. 突出的人(或物)
16. ________ n. 学说，论；原理；看法，意见
17. ________ n. 信用；学分；信任；认可 vt. 存入金额；把……归于
18. ________ adj. 道德的 n. 品行
19. ________ vt. 否定；取消，使无效
20. ________ n. 权威；权力；当局
21. ________ vt. & vi. 充电；收费；控告；谴责；使……承担责任；使充满 n. 收费；控告；谴责；掌管
22. ________ vt. 出版；发表；公布
23. ________ adj. 电的，发电的，电动的
答案：
1. republic 2. deadly 3. province 4. experiment 5. trial 6. household 7. postpone 8. sufficient
9. illustrate 10. metal 11. data 12. accident 13. politician 14. electricity 15. standout 16. theory
17. credit 18. moral 19. negate 20. authority 21. charge 22. publish 23. electric
二、核心词汇变形
1. ________ vt. 幸存；生还；幸免于→________ n. 幸存，残存物；生存→________ n. 幸存者；生还者；残存物
2. ________ adj. 宽的，辽阔的→________ vi. 扩大，变阔；变宽 vt. 使扩大；使变宽
3. ________ vi. 参考；涉及；提到；查阅→________ n. 参考，参照；涉及，提及
4. ________ n. 利益，好处vt. 有益于→________ adj. 有益的，有用的
5. ________ adj. 智能的；聪明的→________ n. 智力；理解力；才智，智慧
6. ________ n. 偏爱；赞同，帮助 vt. 赞成；较喜欢；有助于→________ adj. 有利的；良好的；赞成的
7. ________ vt. 包含；牵涉；使陷于；潜心于→________ n. 参与；牵连；包含
8. ________ vt. &vi. 申请；涂，敷；应用→________ n. 应用；申请；应用程序；敷
9. ________ vt. 驳回诉讼；忽视；不理睬→________ adj. 无知的；愚昧的→________ n. 无知，愚昧；不知
10. ________ vi. & vt. 许可；允许 n. 许可证，执照→________ n. 允许，许可
11. ________ adj. 负责的，可靠的→________ n. 责任，职责；义务
12. ________ vt. &vi. 想要，计划；意指→________ adj. 预期的，计划的，打算的→________ n. 打算，计划，目的
13. ________ vt. &n. 限制，限定；界限，限度 →________ adj. 有限的→________ n. 限制，局限
14. ________ vt. 包含；容纳；克制→________ n. 容器；集装箱，货柜
15. ________ adj. 明智的，英明的，充满智慧的→________ n. 智慧，知识，学问；才智；明智→________
adv. 明智地，英明地
16. ________ vt. &vi. 组织，实施；指挥；引导；举止→________ n. 指挥；售票员；导体
17. ________ vt. 围绕，环绕；包围；与……紧密相关→________ adj. 周围的→________ n. 周围的事物；环境
18. ________ adj. 自由的；免费的→________ n. 自由→________ adv. 自由地；畅通地
19. ________ vt. 表明，宣称；公布，宣布；申报→________ n. 表明，宣称；公布，宣布
20. ________ n. 国家；民族→________ adj. 国家的；民族的→________ n. 国籍；民族
21. ________ vi. &vt. 结婚；嫁；娶；把……嫁给→________ n. 结婚，婚姻；已婚状态
答案：
1. survive, survival, survivor 2. broad, broaden 3. refer, reference 4. benefit, beneficial
5. intelligent, intelligence 6. favour, favourable 7. involve, involvement 8. apply, application
9. ignore, ignorant, ignorance 10. permit, permission 11. responsible, responsibility
12. intend, intended, intention 13. limit, limited, limitation 14. contain, container
15. wise, wisdom, wisely 16. conduct, conductor 17. surround, surrounding, surroundings
18. free, freedom, freely 19. declare, declaration 20. nation, national, nationality 21. marry, marriage
三、重点短语识记
1. ________________ 参考；查阅；涉及；指的是
2. ________________ (使)加速
3. ________________ 成功；奏效；达到目的
4. ________________ 反复试验
5. ________________ 偶然；意外地
6. ________________ 很成功；引人注意；有强烈影响
7. ________________ 使某人失望
8. ________________ 至于；关于
9. ________________ 想当然地认为；认为……是理所当然
10. ________________ 提出；提议；建议
答案：
1. refer to 2. speed up 3. pay off 4. through trial and error 5. by accident
6. with a bang 7. let sb. down 8. as to 9. take it for granted 10. put forward
四、重点句型应用
1.序数词后不定式作定语
Tu Youyou has become ________________________, awarded for her contribution to the fight against malaria, one of the deadliest diseases in human history.
屠呦呦成为中华人民共和国首位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家,她获奖是因为她在抗击人类历史上最致命的疾病之一——疟疾方面做出的贡献。
2.过去分词短语作状语
________________________ an over 1,600-year-old text about preparing qinghao extract with cold water, Tu redesigned the experiments and tried extracting the herb at a low temperature in order not to damage its effective part.据一本1 600多年前的古籍记载,古人通过冷水制备青蒿提取物,受此启发,屠呦呦重新设计了实验,为了不破坏其有效成分,她尝试在低温下提取这种草药。
3. It is/was+adj.+to do
However, ________________________ enough qinghao extract for large trials because research resources were limited.
然而,由于研究资源有限,很难制造出足够的青蒿提取物用于大规模试验。
4. find+宾语+宾语补足语
The story goes like this: Franklin ________________________ for years, believing it was actually electricity.故事是这样的:多年来,富兰克林发现闪电很有趣,他认为它实际上是电。
5. be of +名词
The first way in which science ________________________ is familiar to everyone: scientific knowledge enables us to do and make all kinds of things.
科学体现价值的第一种方式对每个人而言都耳熟能详:科学知识让我们能做各种各样的事,造不同种类的东西。
6. it充当形式宾语
Now, we scientists ________________________ it is perfectly possible to live and not know.
如今,我们科学家理所当然地认为,(人类)生而有所不知是完全有可能的。
答案：
1. the first female scientist of the People’s Republic of China to receive a Nobel Prize
2. Inspired by
3. it was hard to produce
4. had found lightning interesting
5. is of value
6. take it for granted that
一、根据汉语意思或者首字母提示填写单词
1. The books will be ________(供给) to the children of the disaster-stricken area.
2. In the ________(过程) of writing the novel, she discussed every stage with him.
3. Some products can be ________(回收利用) at the end of their life.
4. Keeping animals at zoos has had a little positive i________ on the status of most endangered species.
5. A survey of retired people ________(表明) that most live an independent and joyful life.
6. Did you ________ to make a gesture or sound to send a message before you turned right
7. He decided to ________ the expedition until the following day because of the terrible weather.
8. You’re a nice girl, Lettie, and your kind heart does you ________.
9. The doctors take turns at participating in the ________(移动的) medical team.
10. She interviewed six women who have reached positions of great ________ and influence.
答案:1. supplied 2. process 3. recycled 4. impact 5.indicates
6. signal 7. postpone 8.credit 9. mobile 10. power
二、单句语法填空
1.(2023-2024学年高一下·江苏扬州·期中)The burning plastic gives off poisonous gases, which are ________(harm) to our health.
【答案】harmful
【详解】考查形容词。句意：燃烧的塑料释放出有毒气体，这对我们的健康有害。空处作定语从句表语，用形容词，结合The burning plastic gives off poisonous gases可知，这对健康有害，harmful意思为：有害处的，符合题意。故填harmful。
2.(2023-2024学年高一上·广东广州·期末)We need different ________(vary) of foods to keep a balanced diet.
【答案】varieties
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们需要不同种类的食物来保持均衡的饮食。varieties of意为“各种各样的”，为固定短语。故填varieties。
3. As witnesses to the accident, we were asked to provide a written ________(declare) of what we had seen.
【答案】declaration
【详解】考查名词。句意：作为事故的目击者，我们被要求提供一份书面声明，陈述看到的一切。由空前的written可知，空处应该用名词declaration，冠词a提示用单数。故填declaration。
4. There are ________(limit) possibilities if you keep an open mind.
【答案】limitless
【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果你保持开放的心态，就会有无限的可能性。根据句意和所给单词，此句修饰名词possibilities要用形容词。limit做动词表示“限制”，形容词分别是limited(有限的)和limitless(无限的)，根据“ if you keep an open mind”，limitless更加符合句意。故填limitless。
5. Conservation ________(organize) put out pollinatorfriendliness guidelines for home gardens, businesses, schools, cities — and now there are guidelines for solar farms.
【答案】organizations
【详解】考查名词。句意：保护组织为家庭花园、企业、学校、城市制定了促进授粉者友好性的指南——现在也有了针对太阳能农场的指南。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做主语，使用名词，organize为动词，其名词为：organization，因此处表示的是数目不确定的名词，使用复数，故填organizations。
6. It is obvious ________ he is fond of riding a bike to work.
【答案】that
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：很明显，他喜欢骑自行车去上班。it is obvious that“明显……”，其中it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句是真正的主语。故填that。
7.(2023-2024学年高一上·广东惠州·期中)________(obvious), the exercise will improve your strength and endurance.
【答案】Obviously
【详解】考查副词。句意：显然，这项运动会提高你的力量和耐力。此处应用副词obviously作状语，修饰整个句子，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填Obviously。
8.(2023-2024学年高一下·江苏无锡·期中)Computers should be made readily ________(access) to teachers and pupils on campus, which function as a reliable source of information.
【答案】accessible
【详解】考查形容词。句意：校园里的教师和学生应该能够方便地使用计算机，使其成为可靠的信息来源。此处作主语补足语，且有副词readily修饰，应用形容词accessible意为“可使用的”。故填accessible。
9. The cute little animals were scared ________ by the loud noise.
【答案】away
【详解】考查副词。句意：这些可爱的小动物被巨大的噪音吓跑了。scare sb./sth. away意为“把……吓跑”。故填away。
10.(2023-2024学年高一下·江苏扬州·期中)The ________(apply) should be flexible, creative, and be able to work in a team atmosphere.
【答案】applicant
【详解】考查名词。句意：申请人应灵活，有创造力，并能在团队氛围中工作。空处作主语，结合空后句子可知，此处应填一个表示人的名词，applicant“申请人”，可数名词，此处表单数意义，故填applicant。
三、重点短语完成句子
break out, take the form of, run out of, put forward, refer to
speed up, pay off, in favor of, by accident, as to
1. The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without ________ his notes.
2. If everything about him is ________, is he going to age faster
3. His efforts ________ when the girl finally accepted his proposal.
4. I found the key to the door ________ when I was cleaning the room.
5. Those who are________ the project, please raise your hands.
6. He is very uncertain ________ whether it’s the right job for him.
7. Jack ________ some great ideas at the meeting, but none of them were accepted.
8. A quarrel ________ between the husband and wife while they were having dinner.
9. This communication effort will ________ emails, overview presentations, and end user training.
10. At the end of the trip, I had almost ________ the money.
答案：1. referring to 2. sped up 3. paid off 4. by accident
5. in favor of 6. as to 7. put forward 8. broke out 9. take the form of 10. run out of
应用文写作和读后续写高级句式填空
1.(活动介绍)我们中的一些人负责摘苹果，而另一些人将它们打包。(while 引导让步状语从句)
Some of us were responsible for picking apples, ________________.
2.(影评)这部短片讲述了我们学校的发展。现在，我们新学校的面积是10年前的三倍大。(倍数＋as＋adj./adv.原级＋as)
The short film tells about the development of our school. Now our new school is ________________ what it was ten years ago.
3.(读后续写之情感描写)听到家乡发生水灾的消息，玛丽吓得僵住了，好像被定在了地上。(as if )
Hearing the news that her hometown was hit by the flood，Mary froze with shock, ________________.
4.(活动介绍)如果你能抽出时间对我的演讲内容提出一些建议，我将不胜感激。(形式宾语it)
I ________________________________ some suggestions about the contents of my speech.
5.(建议信)只有以这种方式，我们才能体会到劳动的乐趣。(only+介词短语放在句首的倒装句)
Only in this way ________________________________.
答案：
1.while the others packed them
2. three times as large as
3. as if rooted to the ground
4. I would appreciate it if you could spare some time to offer me
5. can we experience the pleasure of working
一、阅读理解
A
(23-24高一下·浙江·期中)Flowers, candies, and hidden eggs are all traditions humans look forward to during Easter. But they can also ruin the day pretty quickly if your dog or cat happens to get into them.
Most pet owners know that chocolate can be very dangerous to cats and dogs. Calls to the Pet Poison Helpline rise sharply due to suspected chocolate ingestion around Easter. In fact, the calls concerning dogs that have been poisoned by chocolate increased by nearly 200% during the week of Easter. So it’s as vital as ever to keep Easter baskets and candy bunnies away from pets.
“A common flower that veterinarians(兽医) warn cat owners against is lilies. Even eating a small amount of this flower can cause deadly kidney failure in cats,” Certified veterinarian Amanda Takiguchi, DVM, said in a statement. According to the Pet Poison Helpline, lilies are the most common toxin(毒素) to cats, making up 12.3% of all calls to the hotline.
“Many species of lilies are toxic to cats, so it’s best to avoid lilies altogether. Owners need to be especially cautious around Easter when these flowers are more popular.”Amanda Takiguchi, DVM said.
Egg hunts are fun for everyone but could cause trouble for curious pets. Depending on the type of eggs you use, however, curious pets may get themselves hurt trying to partake in the fun.
Hard-boiled eggs are generally okay for cats and dogs, but the paint used to decorate the shells should not be consumed. If you use plastic eggs and hide treasures inside, it is especially important to ensure all of the eggs have been found by the end of your hunt so your pets don’t discover them later down the road. It’s also important to ensure they don’t have access to the eggs or the treats hidden inside during the hunt.
“Curious cats and dogs could put themselves in danger by chewing or even accidentally eating these decorations,” veterinarian Rebecca MacMillan told TrustedHousesitters. “Fragile egg-shaped baubles could easily shatter, and small fluffy toy chicks are just the right size to be swallowed. This is why you should always keep any decorations out of reach from your pets.”
1. Who is the passage intended for
A. Veterinarians. B. Pet trainers. C. Pet owners. D. Animal experts.
2. What will easily cause kidney failure in cats
A. Swallowing the Easter eggs. B. Eating a small amount of lily.
C. Playing with fluffy toy chicks. D. Consuming a certain amount of chocolates.
3. What will Rebecca MacMillan probably agree with
A. It’s common to feed dogs hard-boiled eggs.
B. It’s impossible to keep pets away from Easter eggs.
C. It’s better not to put up any decorations during Easter.
D. It’s unsafe to keep Easter decorations within pets’ easy reach.
4. Which of the following is a suitable title
A. Easter pet safety. B. An unsafe Easter.
C. Proper pet food. D. Furry family members.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是复活节期间保证宠物安全的一些注意事项。
1. 推理判断题。根据第一段“But they can also ruin the day pretty quickly if your dog or cat happens to get into them.(但如果你的狗或猫碰巧喜欢它们，它们也会很快破坏这一天。)”可知，本文是给宠物主人写的，故选C。
2. 细节理解题。根据第三段“A common flower that veterinarians warn cat owners against is lilies. Even eating a small amount of this flower can cause deadly kidney failure in cats(兽医经常警告猫主人不要有百合花。即使吃少量的这种花也会导致猫致命的肾衰竭)”可知，吃少量的百合容易引起猫的肾衰竭。故选B。
3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Curious cats and dogs could put themselves in danger by chewing or even accidentally eating these decorations(好奇的猫和狗可能会因为咀嚼甚至不小心吃到这些装饰品而把自己置于危险之中)”和“This is why you should always keep any decorations out of reach from your pets.(这就是为什么你应该把装饰品放在宠物够不到的地方。)”可知，根据Rebecca MacMillan的观点，把复活节装饰品放在宠物够得着的地方是不安全的。故选D。
4. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“So it’s as vital as ever to keep Easter baskets and candy bunnies away from pets.(因此，让宠物远离复活节篮子和糖果兔和以往一样重要。)”、第三段“A common flower that veterinarians warn cat owners against is lilies.(兽医经常警告猫主人不要有百合花。)”、倒数第三段“Egg hunts are fun for everyone but could cause trouble for curious pets.(找蛋对每个人来说都很有趣，但可能会给好奇的宠物带来麻烦。)”、倒数第二段“Hard-boiled eggs are generally okay for cats and dogs, but the paint used to decorate the shells should not be consumed.(对于猫和狗来说，煮熟的鸡蛋通常是可以的，但用来装饰蛋壳的油漆不应该被吃掉。)”和最后一段“Curious cats and dogs could put themselves in danger by chewing or even accidentally eating these decorations(好奇的猫和狗可能会因为咀嚼甚至不小心吃到这些装饰品而把自己置于危险之中)”可知，本文主要讲的是复活节期间保证宠物安全的一些注意事项，因此最好的题目是A选项“Easter pet safety.(复活节宠物安全。)”。故选A。
B
(23-24高一下·江苏连云港·期中)Two and a half months before the 2024 Atlantic hurricane season officially begins, and almost six months before it enters its peak(高峰), weathermen are already predicting(预测) that it could be particularly active.
Officially, hurricane season begins from June 1 and runs through November. One reason is that sea surface temperatures in the tropical(热带的) Atlantic are already at record highs.
Meanwhile, another significant potential factor in this year’s hurricane season is taking shape thousands of miles away in the Pacific. Over periods ranging from three to seven years, the waters of the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean warm and cool in turn as a result of a repeating climate pattern called the El Ni o-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). El Ni o makes Atlantic hurricanes less likely to form but La Ni a does.
During the 2023 season, ENSO was in an El Ni o period. However, by the time the 2024 season starts, it will have changed into a “neutral(中立)” period, but that by the peak months, it is likely to have changed fully into a La Ni a.
“How quickly that change occurs can affect everything as well,” says DaSilva, a lead hurricane weatherman. “There’s a lag time. So, while we expect the change to occur in mid-summer, it may not be until late summer or fall where we really see those effects across the Atlantic basin.” As a result, he says, this year’s hurricane season could remain particularly active deep into November.
Of course, no report can predict when individual storms will come or the paths they will take, but DaSilva warns that those who live in areas likely to suffer hurricanes, especially around the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico, should prepare. “If a tropical storm system comes into this area, it could rapidly strengthen, potentially close to land,” he also warns. “And that’s why people need to be careful and have their hurricane plans ready. Because any system with these kinds of conditions can explode very quickly. That’s what we’re concerned about.”
5. What is the function of Paragraph 1
A. To give advice. B. To explain the season.
C. To introduce the topic. D. To inform a weather report.
6. What is a reason for this year’s hurricane season
A. The hurricane season has entered its peak.
B. A repeating climate has changed weather in summer.
C. The sea surface temperatures are the highest of all time.
D. El Ni o makes Atlantic hurricanes more likely to form.
7. What do the underlined words “a lag time” in Paragraph 5 probably mean
A. A time delay. B. A time in a zone.
C. A time waste. D. A time in advance.
8. What does DaSilva agree with about this year’s hurricane season
A. It can be exactly predicted ahead of time.
B. People needn’t worry about hurricane season.
C. It may be eventually controlled by weathermen.
D. People can’t be more careful about hurricane season.
【答案】5. C 6. C 7. A 8. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了气象专家预测2024年大西洋飓风季将异常活跃，受创纪录海温及拉尼娜现象影响，高峰期可能延长至11月，提醒居民提前准备。
5. 推理判断题。结合全文及文章第一段“Two and a half months before the 2024 Atlantic hurricane season officially begins, and almost six months before it enters its peak (高峰), weathermen are already predicting that it could be particularly active.(虽然距离2024年大西洋飓风季节正式开始还有两个半月，离高峰期更是有近六个月的时间，气象专家们已预测这可能是一个特别活跃的飓风季。)”可知，第一段的功能是引出文章的话题。故选C项。
6. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Officially, hurricane season begins from June 1 and runs through November. One reason is that sea surface temperatures in the tropical Atlantic are already at record highs.(官方上，飓风季节从6月1日开始，持续至11月。原因之一是热带大西洋的海表温度已达到创纪录的高水平。)”可知，海面温度是有史以来最高是是今年飓风季节的原因之一。故选C项。
7. 词义猜测题。根据文章第五段划线后“So, while we expect the change to occur in mid-summer, it may not be until late summer or fall where we really see those effects across the Atlantic basin.(因此，尽管我们预计变化将在仲夏时节发生，但直到晚夏或秋季，大西洋盆地才可能真正感受到这些影响。)”可推知，存在一个滞后时间，故划线词与A项“时间延迟”意义相近。故选A项。
8. 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段““If a tropical storm system comes into this area, it could rapidly strengthen, potentially close to land,” he also warns. “And that’s why people need to be careful and have their hurricane plans ready. Because any system with these kinds of conditions can explode very quickly. That’s what we’re concerned about.” (“如果一个热带风暴系统进入这个区域，它可能会在接近陆地时迅速加强，”他还警告说，“这就是为什么人们需要小心并准备好飓风应对计划。因为在这些条件下，任何系统都可能迅速增强。这是我们所担心的”)”可知，人们对于飓风季节的警惕性再怎么高也不为过。故选D项。
二、完形填空
Last year I ruined my summer vacation by bringing along a modern convenience: the iPad.
Instead of looking at nature, I 1 my e-mail. Instead of reading great novels, I stuck to reading 2 newspapers each morning. And that was the problem: I was acting as if I were still in the office. My body was on vacation but my 3 wasn’t.
So this year I made up my mind to try something 4 : getting away from the Internet. I knew it wouldn’t be easy, 5 I’m not good at self-control. But I was 6 . I started by handing the iPad to my wife. Then, a stroke of luck: The mobile phone 7 at our cabin was worse than in the past. I was trapped, forced to carry out my plan. Largely 8 from e-mail and my favourite newspaper websites, I had little way to 9 the world. I had no 10 but to do what I had planned to do all along: read books.
With determination and the strong support of my wife, I succeeded in my vacation struggle against the Internet. I finally 11 that it was me, of course, not the iPad, that was the 12 .
I knew I had 13 when we passed a Starbucks and my wife asked if I wanted to stop to use the Wi-Fi. “Don’t need it,” I said. 14 , as we return to work, a test begins: Can I survive when I’m back at work I don’t plan to 15 my iPad completely. But I hope to resist the temptation (抵抗诱惑) to use it every five minutes.
1. A. received B. selected C. checked D. removed
2. A. online B. informal C. local D. traditional
3. A. opinion B. mind C. identity D. curiosity
4. A. attractive B. logical C. magical D. different
5. A. since B. unless C. though D. so
6. A. excited B. shocked C. frightened D. determined
7. A. quality B. design C. signal D. technology
8. A. taken out B. pulled down C. cut off D. carried away
9. A. rely on B. connect to C. help with D. look at
10. A. method B. goal C. trick D. choice
11. A. expected B. realised C. permitted D. suggested
12. A. puzzle B. sign C. evidence D. problem
13. A. won B. forgotten C. suffered D. recovered
14. A. Somehow B. Anyway C. However D. Therefore
15. A. take apart B. give up C. turn to D. care about
【答案】
1. C 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. A 6. D 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. D
11. B 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者为了抵制网络诱惑，在度假时尝试彻底远离网络的经历。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有去欣赏大自然，而是查看我的电子邮件。A. received收到；B. selected挑选；C. checked查看；D. removed移走。根据前文“I ruined my summer vacation by bringing along a modern convenience: the iPad.”及后文“my e-mail”可知，作者在平板上查看邮件。故选C项。
2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我每天早上都坚持看网络报纸，而不是读好看的小说。A. online在线上；
B. informal非正式的；C. local当地的；D. traditional传统的。根据前文“bringing along a modern convenience: the iPad”可知，作者在iPad上看网上在线报纸。故选A项。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的身体在度假，但我的思想却没有。A. opinion观点；B. mind思维；C. identity身份；D. curiosity好奇心。根据前文“I were still in the office”和“My body was on vacation”以及“but”的转折可知，作者的思维仍处于工作状态。故选B项。
4. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以今年我决定尝试一些不同的东西：远离互联网。A. attractive有吸引力的；B. logical合乎逻辑的；C. magical有魔力的；D. different不同的。根据前文“Last year I ruined my summer vacation by bringing along a modern convenience: the iPad.”可知，作者决定尝试不同的度假方式。故选D项。
5. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：我知道这并不容易，因为我不善于自我控制。A. since因为；B. unless除非；C. though尽管；D. so所以。根据前文“it wouldn’t be easy”和后文“I’m not good at self-control”可知，前后是因果关系。故选A项。
6. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我下定了决心。A. excited兴奋的；B. shocked震惊的；C. frightened害怕的；D. determined下定决心的。根据后文“I started by handing the iPad to my wife.”可知，作者下定了决心不看平板。故选D项。
7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，幸运的是：我们小屋的手机信号比过去更差。A. quality质量；B. design设计；C. signal信号；D. technology技术。根据语境和后文“Largely 8 from e-mail and my favourite newspaper websites”可知，手机信号很差。故选C项。
8. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在很大程度上与电子邮件和我最喜欢的报纸网站隔绝，我几乎没有办法与世界联系。A. taken out拿出；B. pulled down拆毁；C. cut off切断；D. carried away搬走。根据前文“I started by handing the iPad to my wife. Then, a stroke of luck: The mobile phone 7 at our cabin was worse than in the past.”可知，作者与网络隔绝(切断)。故选C项。
9. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. rely on依赖；B. connect to联系；C. help with帮助；D. look at看。根据前文“Largely 8 from e-mail and my favourite newspaper websites”可知，作者无法与外界联系。故选B项。
10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我别无选择，只能做我一直计划做的事：读书。A. method方法；B. goal目标；C. trick技巧；D. choice选择。根据前文“Largely 8 from e-mail and my favourite newspaper websites, I had little way to 9 the world.”可知，作者别无选择。故选D项。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我终于意识到问题出在我自己，而不是iPad。A. expected期望；B. realised意识到；C. permitted批准；D. suggested建议。根据语境和后文“it was me, of course, not the iPad, that was the 12 ”可知，作者意识到问题所在。故选B项。
12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. puzzle谜；B. sign记号；C. evidence证据；D. problem问题。根据前文“it was me, of course, not the iPad”可知，作者意识到自身才是问题所在。故选D项。
13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们经过一家星巴克时，我知道我赢了，我妻子问我是否想停下来使用Wi-Fi。A. won赢；B. forgotten忘记；C. suffered遭受；D. recovered恢复。根据前文“I succeeded in my vacation struggle
against the Internet”和后文“when we passed a Starbucks and my wife asked if I wanted to stop to use the Wi-Fi. ‘Don’t need it,’ I said.”“”可知，作者赢了这场战斗。故选A项。
14. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我们回到工作岗位时，一个考验开始了：当我回到工作岗位时，我能活下来吗？A. Somehow不知怎地；B. Anyway不管怎样；C. However然而；D. Therefore因此。后文“Can I survive when I’m back at work ”和前文之间是转折关系。故选C项。
15. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我不打算完全放弃我的iPad。A. take apart拆开；B. give up放弃；C. turn to转向；D. care about关心。根据后文“I hope to resist the temptation (抵抗诱惑) to use it every five minutes.”可知，作者不是完全放弃使用电脑，而是有所控制的使用。故选B项。
三、语篇语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(23-24高一下·河北保定·期中)
Tu Youyou, 1 (commit) and patient, is one of the greatest scientists in the world. She was born in Ningbo, China on 30 December 1930, 2 (graduate) from Peking University Medical School in 1955 and after that, she worked at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing. In 1967, she 3 (choose) by the Chinese government to discover a new treatment for malaria. In 1969 she became the head of the project in Beijing.
However, the discovery of artemisinin wasn’t easy. From then on, she and her team examined 2,000 old medical texts and 4 (evaluate) 280,000 plants. From their research, they discovered and tested 380distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments. Step by step, with determination, using a lower temperature to draw out the extract, Tu Youyou found 5 substance that worked. Tu Youyou and her team failed more than 190 times, and at last they succeeded in 1971.
She was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine on 6 October 2015 for the discovery of artemisinin, which could be thought 6 (save) hundreds of thousands of lives and lead to improved health for millions of people. Upon 7 (hear) that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, 8 she thought should belong to her team and all the people of her country. 9 (apparent), it’s an honour for China’s scientific research 10 Chinese medicine.
【答案】
1. committed 2. graduating 3. was chosen 4. evaluated 5. a 6. to save 7. hearing 8. which 9. Apparently 10. and
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述的是屠呦呦的生平、发现青蒿素的过程，以及她因此获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的经历和感受。
1. 考查形容词。句意：屠呦呦，执着而耐心，是世界上最伟大的科学家之一。空格处用形容词作状语，commit的形容词是committed，意为“尽心尽力的，忠诚的”，故填committed。
2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：她于1930年12月30日出生于中国宁波，1955年毕业于北京大学医学院，之后在北京的中国中医研究院工作。句中谓语是was born，空格处用非谓语动词，she和graduate之间是主谓
关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填graduating。
3. 考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：1967年，她被中国政府选中，发现一种治疗疟疾的新方法。由by可知，句子用被动语态，由In 1967可知，句子描述过去的事情，因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语she是单数，因此空格处是was chosen，故填was chosen。
4. 考查时态。句意：从那时起，她和她的团队检查了2000份古老的医学文献，评估了28万株植物。and前后时态一致，由examined可知，句子时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填evaluated。
5. 考查冠词。句意：经过一步一步的测定，屠呦呦用较低的温度提取出提取物，找到了一种有效的物质。substance是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，substance是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。
6. 考查不定式。句意：2015年10月6日，她因发现青蒿素被授予诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，青蒿素被认为可以挽救数十万人的生命，改善数百万人的健康。sb./sb. be thought to do是固定短语，意为“某人/某物被认为做某事”，因此空格处用不定式to save。故填to save。
7. 考查动名词。句意：当听到她被授予诺贝尔奖时，她认为这应该属于她的团队和她的国家的所有人民。upon doing是固定短语，意为“一……就……”，因此空格处用动名词hearing作宾语，故填hearing。
8. 考查定语从句。句意：当听到她被授予诺贝尔奖时，她认为这应该属于她的团队和她的国家的所有人民。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词Nobel Prize是物，因此空格处用关系代词which，故填which。
9. 考查副词。句意：显然，这是对中国科学研究和中医药的荣誉。空格处用副词apparently作状语，apparently意为“显然”，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Apparently。
10. 考查连词。句意：显然，这是对中国科学研究和中医药的荣誉。China’s scientific research和Chinese medicine之间是并列关系，句子是肯定句，因此空格处用and表并列，故填and。2024年高一英语复习之核心单词、短语、句型知识清单（译林版2020必修第三册）
Unit 1 Nature in the balance
一、重点单词识记
1. ________ n. 大量；团，块，堆；一大群 adj. 大批的，广泛的
2. ________ adj. 高大的；高耸的；出色的
3. ________ n. 影响，作用；撞击，冲撞 vt. & vi. 有影响，冲击
4. ________ n. 灭绝，绝种
5. ________ vt. & n. 损害，伤害，破坏，损坏
6. ________ n. 足迹，踪迹；小道；轨道；跑道；路线 vt. &vi. 跟踪，追踪
7. ________ vi. 反对，抗议 vt. 反对；坚持声称，申辩 n. 抗议，反对
8. ________ n. 利润，收益；好处 v. 获益，得到好处
9. ________ n. 过程，进程；步骤，流程 vt. 加工，处理
10. ________ vt. 回收利用，再利用
11. ________ adj. 昔日的，前任的；以前的，从前的
12. ________ adj. 更多的，更进一步的adv. 较远，更远；进一步 vt. 促进，增进
二、核心词汇变形
1. ________ n. & vi. 损害；危害→________ adj. 有害的→________ adj. 无害的
2. ________ n. 地区，区域；行政区→________ adj. 地区的，区域的
3. ________ adj. 长的；冗长的→________ n. 长度；长→________ vt. 加长
4. ________ vi. 变化；变动→________ adj. 各种各样的→________ n. 变化；多样(化)；多变(性)
5. ________ vi. & vt. 幸存；幸免；生还→________ n. 幸免；幸存；生还→________ n. 幸存者；生还者
6. ________ v. 出现→________ n. 外貌，出现→________ v. 消失→________ n. 消失
7. ________ vt. 涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 vi. 申请；请求；使用→________ n. 申请→________ n. 申请人
8. ________ vt. 组织；成立→________ n. 组织者→________ adj. 有组织的→________ n. 组织
9. ________ adj. 绝对的，完全的→________ adv. 绝对地，完全地
10. ________ adj. 完全的，彻底的→________ adv. 完全地，全部地
11. ________ v. 防卫，保护→________ n. 辩护；防御
12. ________ n. 经济→________ adj. 经济的
13. ________ n. 官员adj. 公务的，正式的→________ adv. 官方地
14. ________ n. 毒药；毒害vt. 毒害；使中毒→________ adj. 有毒的
15. ________ n. 化学制品adj. 化学的→________ n. 化学→________ adv. 用化学，以化学方法
16. ________ adj. 作为结果的；随之发生的→________ n. 结果；后果；重要性→________ adv. 结果
三、重点短语识记
1. ________________ 相应地，转而
2. ________________ 使分解(为)，使变化(成)
3. ________________ 给……带来起色，注入活力
4. ________________ 由于，因为
5. ________________ 逐渐增加，扩大
6. ________________ 想出，想到
7. ________________ (公开)要求，需要
8. ________________ 突然记起(或想到)
9. ________________ 摆脱，丢弃，扔掉
10. ________________ 使发生(或存在)
四、重点句型应用
1.倍数关系句型
With an area of around 6 million square kilometres, the Amazon rainforest is ________________________.
亚马孙雨林面积约600万平方千米,是中国国土面积的一半以上。
2. 完全倒装句
________________________ is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor.往上是阴暗森林地表厚实的落叶层。
3. judging from...根据……判断
What do you think this script is about ________________________
根据标题和图片,你认为这个节选讲了什么
4.独立主格结构
The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries, including Brazil and Peru, and one overseas region of France, ________________________.亚马孙雨林穿过包括巴西、秘鲁在内的八个国家,以及一块法国的海外领地,都位于南美洲大陆。
5. even though 引导的从句
We’ve been taking various measures, including the use of new technologies, to reduce pollution in the production process, ________________________.
我们一直在采取各种措施,包括使用新技术,以减少生产过程中的污染,尽管这些措施提高了我们的生产成本。
6. with复合结构
________________________, the Norgate Environmental Protection Committee is searching for ways to fight the problem.
鉴于污染程度不断加重,诺盖特市环境保护委员会正在设法应对这个问题。
Unit 2 Natural disasters
一、重点单词识记
1. ________ n. 碰撞声，破裂声；碰撞；崩溃 vi. & vt. 碰撞，撞击；崩溃
2. ________ n. 信号，暗号；标志；信号灯 vi. & vt. 发信号，示意；标志
3. ________ adj. 奇怪的，怪异的；偶尔的；不成对的
4. ________ n. 会议，研讨会；讨论，商谈
5. ________ vt. 供应，供给，提供n. 补给，补给品；供应；供应量，储备
6. ________ n. 洪水，水灾；大量 vi. &vt. 淹没，泛滥；大量涌入；充满
7. ________ adv. 否则，不然，除此以外
8. ________ n. & vt. 救援，营救，抢救
二、核心词汇变形
1. ________ v. 伤害→________ adj. 受伤的→________n. 伤害
2. ________ vi. 作出反应，回应→________ n. 反应；抗拒
3. ________ vt. 证实，确认；使确信，批准→________ n. 证实，确认，批准
4. ________ v.(________,________)发生，出现，存在于→________ n. 发生；发生的事情
5. ________ n. 宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济→________ vt. 减轻或解除(痛苦、困苦或忧虑等)→________ adj. 感到宽慰的，放心的
6. ________ v. 破坏→________ adj. 引起破坏(或毁灭)的，破坏(或毁灭)性的→________ n. 破坏
7. ________ vt. 了解，熟悉；通知→________ n. 信息→________ adj. 有学问的；有见识的
8. ________ vt. 使震惊 n. 震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动→________ adj. 令人震惊的→________ adj. 感到震惊的
9. ________ v. 惊吓，害怕n. 恐慌；惊吓→________ adj. 害怕的→________ adj. 恐怖的，吓人的
10. ________ n. 电力；权力；政权→________ adj. 强大的，强有力的→________ adj. 无力的
11. ________ v. 捐赠，赠送；献(血)→________ n. 捐赠，赠送
12. ________ adj. 好奇的，奇特的→________ n. 好奇→________ adv. 好奇地
13. ________ v. 爆发；突然发生→________ n. 爆发；喷发
14. ________ n. 港口；港口城市→________ v. 出口，输出 n. 出口产品→________ v. 进口；引进 n. 进口产品；输入的产品
15. ________ adj. 遥远的，久远的→________ n. 遥远，久远；距离；疏远；差异
16. ________ adj. 灵敏的，锋利的→________ adv. 急剧地，锋利地→________ v. 使锋利
17. ________ vt. 找出……的准确位置→________ n. 位置
18. ________ v. 退休→________ n. 退休
三、重点短语识记
1. ________________ 整个，全部
2. ________________ 点名
3. ________________ 安然无恙的
4. ________________ 被想到，浮现在脑中
5. ________________ (在困境中)保持冷静
6. ________________ 用完，耗尽
7. ________________ 呈现……的形状，采取……的形式
8. ________________ 突然开始，爆发
9. ________________ 到处，各处
10. ________________ 抓紧，不放松
四、重点句型应用
1. be doing sth.when... 正在做某事就在这时……
Alice Brown, head teacher at Falmont Primary School, ________________________.弗尔蒙特小学校长艾丽斯·布朗正在上课,这时地板开始摇晃起来。
2. in case 引导目的状语从句
At the same time, Miss Brown quickly opened the classroom door, ________________________ and could not open.
同时布朗女士迅速打开了教室的门,以防门在摇晃中损坏而无法打开。
3. It occurred to sb. that... 某人突然想到……
________________________ these were signs of an approaching tsunami.
她立刻意识到这些是海啸来临的前兆。
4. might have done 本来可以做某事
Its ashy rocks, now dark, now light, told a story of past eruptions ________________________!火山岩忽明忽暗,讲述着几度喷发的往事,这本可以警告这座城市里的人们,即将到来的是什么!
5. as if 引导的状语从句,省略了主语和be动词
Its walls were fresh ________________________.
它的墙壁焕然一新,仿佛昨天粉刷过一样。
6. The moment 引导时间状语从句
________________________, Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape.晃动一停止,布朗女士意识到这是全班逃生的最好时机。
Unit 3 The world online
一、重点单词识记
1. ________ n. 连环漫画；喜剧演员 adj. 喜剧的；滑稽的
2. ________ n. 国界；边界；边缘； 尖端
3. ________ num. 十亿
4. ________ n. 按键；纽扣
5. ________ n. 程度；范围；限度
6. ________ n. 点击，单击；咔哒声 vi. & vt. 点击；使发出咔哒声；单击
7. ________ vt. 下载
8. ________ n. 事情；事件；公共事务，政治事务
9. ________ n. 地点；现场；站点，网站
10. ________ n. 评论，议论；指责；批评 vi. & vt. 表达意见
11. ________ adj. 可移动的，非固定的；行动方便的；流动的 n. 手机
12. ________ vt. & vi.(互联网上)冲浪；浏览；进行冲浪运动
13. ________ n. 指导方针；准则；参考
14. ________ vt. 要求，请求 n. 请求，要求；要求的事
15. ________ adv. 不知怎么地；以某种方式(或方法)
16. ________ vt. 删除；移走；开除
17. ________ n. 仪器；设备；手段；技巧
18. ________ vt. & vi. 离开；放弃；停止；戒掉
19. ________ n. 报纸，杂志；日记
20. ________ vt. 显出；透露；揭示；展示
二、核心词汇变形
1. ________ adj. 明显的；显著的→________ adv. 显然，明显地
2. ________ n. 贸易；商业；商务→________ adj. 商业的；营利的 n. 广告
3. ________ vt. 传送；宣布；发表；递送→________ n. 交付；分娩；递送
4. ________ vt. 安排；整理→________ n. 布置；安排；约定；排列
5. ________ vt. 建立(关系或联系)，创立；确立；查实；确定；使得到认可→________ n. 确立，制定；公司
6. ________ adj. 立即的；立刻的；方便的→________ conj. 一……就……
7. ________ n. 机会，权利；入径，通道 vt. 到达，进入，使用→________ adj. 可达到的；易接近的；易懂的
8. ________ n. 技巧，技术；手法→________ adj. 专门技术的；专业的；技能的，技术的
9. ________ n. 对……入迷的人；瘾君子→________ adj. 沉溺于某种(尤其是不良的)嗜好的；入了迷的
10. ________v.(使)害怕；受惊吓；吓跑→________ adj.(事物)可怕的；恐怖的；吓人的
11. ________ vt. 欣赏；感激；领会；赏识→________ n. 欣赏，鉴别；感谢
12. ________ vt. 使快乐；款待，招待→________ n. 娱乐活动；招待，娱乐
13. ________ adj. 知道，意识到；察觉到，发觉；有……意识的→________ n. 认识，意识
三、重点短语识记
1. ________________ 起飞；脱下；突然大受欢迎，迅速流行
2. ________________ 在一定程度上
3. ________________ 掌握(信息)；熟悉、精通(知识等)，了如指掌
4. ________________ 使显示在计算机屏幕上，调出，提出
5. ________________ 最重要的是，尤其是
6. ________________ 属于，归……所有
7. ________________ 创建；建立
8. ________________ 全神贯注看着某物，离某物很近
9. ________________ 飞驰而过
10. ________________ 撞倒某人，使某人双脚离地
11. ________________ 全神贯注，沉浸于
12. ________________ 减少；削减
四、重点句型应用
1. could have done表示与过去相反的虚拟语气
Sometimes I had the uncomfortable feeling that this little machine had taken up too much of my time, and that I ________________________ something more meaningful than just looking at a tiny screen all day.
有时我有一种不舒服的感觉,这个小机器占用了我太多的时间,我本可以做一些更有意义的事情,而不是整天只盯着一个小屏幕。
2.独立主格结构
________________________, I stepped into the road and a car shot past, nearly knocking me off my feet!
我低着头,眼睛盯着我的智能手机,走到路上,一辆汽车从我身边飞驰而过,差点把我撞倒!
3.形容词比较级的否定形式表示最高级意义
We ________________________ to each other.
我们从未感到彼此如此亲密过。
4. with复合结构
The Internet has also made our lives unbelievably convenient, ________________________ by electronic commerce, more commonly known as e-commerce.
互联网通过电子商务——也就是通常所说的电商——提供应有尽有的商品和服务,给我们的生活带来了难以置信的便利。
5.完全倒装句
________________________ of searching shop after shop for the perfect pair of boots.
为了买一双理想的靴子,一家店接一家店去找的日子已经一去不复返了。
6. only引导倒装句
________________________ the Internet be a place of discovery, wonder and inspiration for everyone.唯有如此,互联网才能成为每个人的发现之地、奇妙之所、灵感之源。
Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world
一、重点单词识记
1. ________ n. 共和国；共和政体
2. ________ adj. 致命的；非常的；十足的；彻底的
3. ________ n. 省，省份
4. ________ n. 实验，试验；尝试 vi. 尝试；做试验；进行实验
5. ________ n. 试验；审讯；考验 vi. & vt. 试验，测试
6. ________ adj. 家庭的，家用的；家喻户晓的 n. 一家人，家庭
7. ________ vt. 延期；延迟
8. ________ adj. 足够的；充足的
9. ________ vt. 阐明，举例说明；加插图于
10. ________ n. 金属
11. ________ n. 数据，资料，材料
12. ________ n. 事故；意外； 意外事件，偶然的事
13. ________ n. 政治家，政客；投机钻营者
14. ________ n. 电；电能
15. ________ adj. 杰出的；出色的 n. 突出的人(或物)
16. ________ n. 学说，论；原理；看法，意见
17. ________ n. 信用；学分；信任；认可 vt. 存入金额；把……归于
18. ________ adj. 道德的 n. 品行
19. ________ vt. 否定；取消，使无效
20. ________ n. 权威；权力；当局
21. ________ vt. & vi. 充电；收费；控告；谴责；使……承担责任；使充满 n. 收费；控告；谴责；掌管
22. ________ vt. 出版；发表；公布
23. ________ adj. 电的，发电的，电动的
二、核心词汇变形
1. ________ vt. 幸存；生还；幸免于→________ n. 幸存，残存物；生存→________ n. 幸存者；生还者；残存物
2. ________ adj. 宽的，辽阔的→________ vi. 扩大，变阔；变宽 vt. 使扩大；使变宽
3. ________ vi. 参考；涉及；提到；查阅→________ n. 参考，参照；涉及，提及
4. ________ n. 利益，好处vt. 有益于→________ adj. 有益的，有用的
5. ________ adj. 智能的；聪明的→________ n. 智力；理解力；才智，智慧
6. ________ n. 偏爱；赞同，帮助 vt. 赞成；较喜欢；有助于→________ adj. 有利的；良好的；赞成的
7. ________ vt. 包含；牵涉；使陷于；潜心于→________ n. 参与；牵连；包含
8. ________ vt. &vi. 申请；涂，敷；应用→________ n. 应用；申请；应用程序；敷
9. ________ vt. 驳回诉讼；忽视；不理睬→________ adj. 无知的；愚昧的→________ n. 无知，愚昧；不知
10. ________ vi. & vt. 许可；允许 n. 许可证，执照→________ n. 允许，许可
11. ________ adj. 负责的，可靠的→________ n. 责任，职责；义务
12. ________ vt. &vi. 想要，计划；意指→________ adj. 预期的，计划的，打算的→________ n. 打算，计划，目的
13. ________ vt. &n. 限制，限定；界限，限度 →________ adj. 有限的→________ n. 限制，局限
14. ________ vt. 包含；容纳；克制→________ n. 容器；集装箱，货柜
15. ________ adj. 明智的，英明的，充满智慧的→________ n. 智慧，知识，学问；才智；明智→________ adv. 明智地，英明地
16. ________ vt. &vi. 组织，实施；指挥；引导；举止→________ n. 指挥；售票员；导体
17. ________ vt. 围绕，环绕；包围；与……紧密相关→________ adj. 周围的→________ n. 周围的事物；环境
18. ________ adj. 自由的；免费的→________ n. 自由→________ adv. 自由地；畅通地
19. ________ vt. 表明，宣称；公布，宣布；申报→________ n. 表明，宣称；公布，宣布
20. ________ n. 国家；民族→________ adj. 国家的；民族的→________ n. 国籍；民族
21. ________ vi. &vt. 结婚；嫁；娶；把……嫁给→________ n. 结婚，婚姻；已婚状态
三、重点短语识记
1. ________________ 参考；查阅；涉及；指的是
2. ________________ (使)加速
3. ________________ 成功；奏效；达到目的
4. ________________ 反复试验
5. ________________ 偶然；意外地
6. ________________ 很成功；引人注意；有强烈影响
7. ________________ 使某人失望
8. ________________ 至于；关于
9. ________________ 想当然地认为；认为……是理所当然
10. ________________ 提出；提议；建议
四、重点句型应用
1.序数词后不定式作定语
Tu Youyou has become ________________________, awarded for her contribution to the fight against malaria, one of the deadliest diseases in human history.
屠呦呦成为中华人民共和国首位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家,她获奖是因为她在抗击人类历史上最致命的疾病之一——疟疾方面做出的贡献。
2.过去分词短语作状语
________________________ an over 1,600-year-old text about preparing qinghao extract with cold water, Tu redesigned the experiments and tried extracting the herb at a low temperature in order not to damage its effective part.据一本1 600多年前的古籍记载,古人通过冷水制备青蒿提取物,受此启发,屠呦呦重新设计了实验,为了不破坏其有效成分,她尝试在低温下提取这种草药。
3. It is/was+adj.+to do
However, ________________________ enough qinghao extract for large trials because research resources were limited.
然而,由于研究资源有限,很难制造出足够的青蒿提取物用于大规模试验。
4. find+宾语+宾语补足语
The story goes like this: Franklin ________________________ for years, believing it was actually electricity.故事是这样的:多年来,富兰克林发现闪电很有趣,他认为它实际上是电。
5. be of +名词
The first way in which science ________________________ is familiar to everyone: scientific knowledge enables us to do and make all kinds of things.
科学体现价值的第一种方式对每个人而言都耳熟能详:科学知识让我们能做各种各样的事,造不同种类的东西。
6. it充当形式宾语
Now, we scientists ________________________ it is perfectly possible to live and not know.
如今,我们科学家理所当然地认为,(人类)生而有所不知是完全有可能的。
一、根据汉语意思或者首字母提示填写单词
1. The books will be ________(供给) to the children of the disaster-stricken area.
2. In the ________(过程) of writing the novel, she discussed every stage with him.
3. Some products can be ________(回收利用) at the end of their life.
4. Keeping animals at zoos has had a little positive i________ on the status of most endangered species.
5. A survey of retired people ________(表明) that most live an independent and joyful life.
6. Did you ________ to make a gesture or sound to send a message before you turned right
7. He decided to ________ the expedition until the following day because of the terrible weather.
8. You’re a nice girl, Lettie, and your kind heart does you ________.
9. The doctors take turns at participating in the ________(移动的) medical team.
10. She interviewed six women who have reached positions of great ________ and influence.
二、单句语法填空
1.(2023-2024学年高一下·江苏扬州·期中)The burning plastic gives off poisonous gases, which are ________(harm) to our health.
2.(2023-2024学年高一上·广东广州·期末)We need different ________(vary) of foods to keep a balanced diet.
3. As witnesses to the accident, we were asked to provide a written ________(declare) of what we had seen.
4. There are ________(limit) possibilities if you keep an open mind.
5. Conservation ________(organize) put out pollinatorfriendliness guidelines for home gardens, businesses, schools, cities — and now there are guidelines for solar farms.
6. It is obvious ________ he is fond of riding a bike to work.
7.(2023-2024学年高一上·广东惠州·期中)________(obvious), the exercise will improve your strength and endurance.
8.(2023-2024学年高一下·江苏无锡·期中)Computers should be made readily ________(access) to teachers and pupils on campus, which function as a reliable source of information.
9. The cute little animals were scared ________ by the loud noise.
10.(2023-2024学年高一下·江苏扬州·期中)The ________(apply) should be flexible, creative, and be able to work in a team atmosphere.
三、重点短语完成句子
break out, take the form of, run out of, put forward, refer to
speed up, pay off, in favor of, by accident, as to
1. The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without ________ his notes.
2. If everything about him is ________, is he going to age faster
3. His efforts ________ when the girl finally accepted his proposal.
4. I found the key to the door ________ when I was cleaning the room.
5. Those who are________ the project, please raise your hands.
6. He is very uncertain ________ whether it’s the right job for him.
7. Jack ________ some great ideas at the meeting, but none of them were accepted.
8. A quarrel ________ between the husband and wife while they were having dinner.
9. This communication effort will ________ emails, overview presentations, and end user training.
10. At the end of the trip, I had almost ________ the money.
应用文写作和读后续写高级句式填空
1.(活动介绍)我们中的一些人负责摘苹果，而另一些人将它们打包。(while 引导让步状语从句)
Some of us were responsible for picking apples, ________________.
2.(影评)这部短片讲述了我们学校的发展。现在，我们新学校的面积是10年前的三倍大。(倍数＋as＋adj./adv.原级＋as)
The short film tells about the development of our school. Now our new school is ________________ what it was ten years ago.
3.(读后续写之情感描写)听到家乡发生水灾的消息，玛丽吓得僵住了，好像被定在了地上。(as if )
Hearing the news that her hometown was hit by the flood，Mary froze with shock, ________________.
4.(活动介绍)如果你能抽出时间对我的演讲内容提出一些建议，我将不胜感激。(形式宾语it)
I ________________________________ some suggestions about the contents of my speech.
5.(建议信)只有以这种方式，我们才能体会到劳动的乐趣。(only+介词短语放在句首的倒装句)
Only in this way ________________________________.
一、阅读理解
A
(23-24高一下·浙江·期中)Flowers, candies, and hidden eggs are all traditions humans look forward to during Easter. But they can also ruin the day pretty quickly if your dog or cat happens to get into them.
Most pet owners know that chocolate can be very dangerous to cats and dogs. Calls to the Pet Poison Helpline rise sharply due to suspected chocolate ingestion around Easter. In fact, the calls concerning dogs that have been poisoned by chocolate increased by nearly 200% during the week of Easter. So it’s as vital as ever to keep Easter baskets and candy bunnies away from pets.
“A common flower that veterinarians(兽医) warn cat owners against is lilies. Even eating a small amount of this flower can cause deadly kidney failure in cats,” Certified veterinarian Amanda Takiguchi, DVM, said in a statement. According to the Pet Poison Helpline, lilies are the most common toxin(毒素) to cats, making up 12.3% of all calls to the hotline.
“Many species of lilies are toxic to cats, so it’s best to avoid lilies altogether. Owners need to be especially cautious around Easter when these flowers are more popular.”Amanda Takiguchi, DVM said.
Egg hunts are fun for everyone but could cause trouble for curious pets. Depending on the type of eggs you use, however, curious pets may get themselves hurt trying to partake in the fun.
Hard-boiled eggs are generally okay for cats and dogs, but the paint used to decorate the shells should not be consumed. If you use plastic eggs and hide treasures inside, it is especially important to ensure all of the eggs have been found by the end of your hunt so your pets don’t discover them later down the road. It’s also important to ensure they don’t have access to the eggs or the treats hidden inside during the hunt.
“Curious cats and dogs could put themselves in danger by chewing or even accidentally eating these decorations,” veterinarian Rebecca MacMillan told TrustedHousesitters. “Fragile egg-shaped baubles could easily shatter, and small fluffy toy chicks are just the right size to be swallowed. This is why you should always keep any decorations out of reach from your pets.”
1. Who is the passage intended for
A. Veterinarians. B. Pet trainers. C. Pet owners. D. Animal experts.
2. What will easily cause kidney failure in cats
A. Swallowing the Easter eggs. B. Eating a small amount of lily.
C. Playing with fluffy toy chicks. D. Consuming a certain amount of chocolates.
3. What will Rebecca MacMillan probably agree with
A. It’s common to feed dogs hard-boiled eggs.
B. It’s impossible to keep pets away from Easter eggs.
C. It’s better not to put up any decorations during Easter.
D. It’s unsafe to keep Easter decorations within pets’ easy reach.
4. Which of the following is a suitable title
A. Easter pet safety. B. An unsafe Easter.
C. Proper pet food. D. Furry family members.
B
(23-24高一下·江苏连云港·期中)Two and a half months before the 2024 Atlantic hurricane season officially begins, and almost six months before it enters its peak(高峰), weathermen are already predicting(预测) that it could be particularly active.
Officially, hurricane season begins from June 1 and runs through November. One reason is that sea surface temperatures in the tropical(热带的) Atlantic are already at record highs.
Meanwhile, another significant potential factor in this year’s hurricane season is taking shape thousands of miles away in the Pacific. Over periods ranging from three to seven years, the waters of the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean warm and cool in turn as a result of a repeating climate pattern called the El Ni o-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). El Ni o makes Atlantic hurricanes less likely to form but La Ni a does.
During the 2023 season, ENSO was in an El Ni o period. However, by the time the 2024 season starts, it will have changed into a “neutral(中立)” period, but that by the peak months, it is likely to have changed fully into a La Ni a.
“How quickly that change occurs can affect everything as well,” says DaSilva, a lead hurricane weatherman. “There’s a lag time. So, while we expect the change to occur in mid-summer, it may not be until late summer or fall where we really see those effects across the Atlantic basin.” As a result, he says, this year’s hurricane season could remain particularly active deep into November.
Of course, no report can predict when individual storms will come or the paths they will take, but DaSilva warns that those who live in areas likely to suffer hurricanes, especially around the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico, should prepare. “If a tropical storm system comes into this area, it could rapidly strengthen, potentially close to land,” he also warns. “And that’s why people need to be careful and have their hurricane plans ready. Because any system with these kinds of conditions can explode very quickly. That’s what we’re concerned about.”
5. What is the function of Paragraph 1
A. To give advice. B. To explain the season.
C. To introduce the topic. D. To inform a weather report.
6. What is a reason for this year’s hurricane season
A. The hurricane season has entered its peak.
B. A repeating climate has changed weather in summer.
C. The sea surface temperatures are the highest of all time.
D. El Ni o makes Atlantic hurricanes more likely to form.
7. What do the underlined words “a lag time” in Paragraph 5 probably mean
A. A time delay. B. A time in a zone.
C. A time waste. D. A time in advance.
8. What does DaSilva agree with about this year’s hurricane season
A. It can be exactly predicted ahead of time.
B. People needn’t worry about hurricane season.
C. It may be eventually controlled by weathermen.
D. People can’t be more careful about hurricane season.
二、完形填空
Last year I ruined my summer vacation by bringing along a modern convenience: the iPad.
Instead of looking at nature, I 1 my e-mail. Instead of reading great novels, I stuck to reading 2 newspapers each morning. And that was the problem: I was acting as if I were still in the office. My body was on vacation but my 3 wasn’t.
So this year I made up my mind to try something 4 : getting away from the Internet. I knew it wouldn’t be easy, 5 I’m not good at self-control. But I was 6 . I started by handing the iPad to my wife. Then, a stroke of luck: The mobile phone 7 at our cabin was worse than in the past. I was trapped, forced to carry out my plan. Largely 8 from e-mail and my favourite newspaper websites, I had little way to 9 the world. I had no 10 but to do what I had planned to do all along: read books.
With determination and the strong support of my wife, I succeeded in my vacation struggle against the Internet. I finally 11 that it was me, of course, not the iPad, that was the 12 .
I knew I had 13 when we passed a Starbucks and my wife asked if I wanted to stop to use the Wi-Fi. “Don’t need it,” I said. 14 , as we return to work, a test begins: Can I survive when I’m back at work I don’t plan to 15 my iPad completely. But I hope to resist the temptation (抵抗诱惑) to use it every five minutes.
1. A. received B. selected C. checked D. removed
2. A. online B. informal C. local D. traditional
3. A. opinion B. mind C. identity D. curiosity
4. A. attractive B. logical C. magical D. different
5. A. since B. unless C. though D. so
6. A. excited B. shocked C. frightened D. determined
7. A. quality B. design C. signal D. technology
8. A. taken out B. pulled down C. cut off D. carried away
9. A. rely on B. connect to C. help with D. look at
10. A. method B. goal C. trick D. choice
11. A. expected B. realised C. permitted D. suggested
12. A. puzzle B. sign C. evidence D. problem
13. A. won B. forgotten C. suffered D. recovered
14. A. Somehow B. Anyway C. However D. Therefore
15. A. take apart B. give up C. turn to D. care about
三、语篇语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(23-24高一下·河北保定·期中)
Tu Youyou, 1 (commit) and patient, is one of the greatest scientists in the world. She was born in Ningbo, China on 30 December 1930, 2 (graduate) from Peking University Medical School in 1955 and after that, she worked at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing. In 1967, she 3 (choose) by the Chinese government to discover a new treatment for malaria. In 1969 she became the head of the project in Beijing.
However, the discovery of artemisinin wasn’t easy. From then on, she and her team examined 2,000 old medical texts and 4 (evaluate) 280,000 plants. From their research, they discovered and tested 380distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments. Step by step, with determination, using a lower temperature to draw out the extract, Tu Youyou found 5 substance that worked. Tu Youyou and her team failed more than 190 times, and at last they succeeded in 1971.
She was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine on 6 October 2015 for the discovery of artemisinin, which could be thought 6 (save) hundreds of thousands of lives and lead to improved health for millions of people. Upon 7 (hear) that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, 8 she thought should belong to her team and all the people of her country. 9 (apparent), it’s an honour for China’s scientific research 10 Chinese medicine.
