2024年高一英语复习之核心单词、短语、句型知识清单（译林版2020选择必修第一册）
Unit 1 Back to school
Unit 1 Food matters
一、重点单词识记
1. ________ n. 情绪， 心情； 气氛， 氛围
2. ________ n. 味， 味道； 特点， 特色 vt. 给……调味， 加味于
3. ________ n. (饭后)甜点， 甜食
4. ________ vt. 联系， 相关联； 把……连接起来 n. 联系， 连接； 关系， 纽带； 链接
5. ________ n. 情感， 强烈的感情， 激情， 情绪
6. ________ n. 出生于某国(或某地)的人； 本地人 adj. 出生地的； 本地的； 土著的； 土产的
7. ________ adj. 酸的， 有酸味的； 馊的 vi. & vt. (使)变坏； 变味， 酸腐
8. ________ n. 纽带， 联系； 连接， 结合
9. ________ vt. 产生， 引起
10. ________ vt. & vi. 消化； 领会， 理解 n. 摘要， 文摘
11. ________ vt. 降低， 减少； 把……放低， 使……降下 adj. 下面的； 在底部的； 低洼的
12. ________ n. 循环； 自行车， 摩托车 vi. 骑自行车
13. ________ vt. 提高， 增强
14. ________ vt. & vi. 用沸水煮； (使)沸腾
15. ________ vt. & vi. 油炸， 油煎
16. ________ n. 风景， 景色； 舞台布景
17. ________ n. 打赌， 赌注； 预计， 估计 vi. & vt. (bet, bet)下赌注， 打赌； 敢说
18. ________ n. 气氛， 氛围； 大气； 气体； 空气
19. ________ adj. 年纪较大的， 上了年纪的
20. ________ vt. & vi. 烘烤； 烤硬
21. ________ adj. 不浓的， 淡味的； 暖和的； 温和的； 不严重的
22. ________ adj. 味苦的； 激烈的； 令人难过的； 严寒的
23. ________ adj. 不受约束的； 未固定牢的； 零散的； 宽松的； 疏松的
24. ________ adj. 潮湿的， 湿气重的
25. ________ adj. 数量多的， 多样的
26. ________ adj. 朴素的， 简单的； 清楚的 n. 平原
27. ________ n. 薄片， 片； 部分， 份额 vt. 把……切成片； 切开， 割破
28. ________ n. 性质， 特性； 所有物， 财产； 不动产
29. ________ adj. 合适的
30. ________ vt. 估计， 估价 n. 估计； 估计的成本
31. ________ adj. 必不可少的； 本质的， 基本的
32. ________ n. 概念， 观念
33. ________ vt. 促进， 激发； 刺激， 使兴奋
34. ________ n. 食欲， 胃口； 强烈欲望
35. ________ adj. 精致的， 精细的， 精密的； 易损的， 易碎的， 脆弱的
36. ________ vt. & vi. 蒸； 散发蒸汽 n. 水蒸气； 蒸汽动力； 水汽
37. ________ n. 边， 边缘； 刀口
38. ________ adv. 成碎片； 分开； 相隔
答案：
1. mood 2. flavour 3. dessert 4. link 5. emotion 6. native 7. sour 8. bond 9. generate 10. digest
11. lower 12. cycle 13. enhance 14. boil 15 fry 16. scenery 17. bet 18. atmosphere 19. elderly
20. bake 21. mild 22. bitter 23. loose 24. damp 25. multiple 26. plain 27. slice 28. property
29. appropriate 30. estimate 31. essential 32. concept 33. stimulate 34. appetite 35. delicate
36. steam 37. edge 38. apart
二、核心词汇变形
1. ________ n. 结合体， 联合体； 联合， 混合→________ vt. & vi. 组合； (使)联合
2. ________ adj. 含奶油的； 像奶油的， 光滑细腻的； 淡黄色的
3. ________ n. 贪婪； 贪心→________ adj. 贪吃的； 贪婪的； 贪心的→________ adv. 贪婪地， 贪心地
4. ________ adj. 轻柔的→________ adv. 轻柔地， 温和地
5. ________ v. 联系， 联想→________ n. 联想， 联系； 协会， 社团； 联合， 交往
6. ________vi. (根据情况)变化， 变更； 相异， 不同 vt. 变更， 改变→________ n. (同一事物)不同种类； 多种样式→________ adj. 各种各样的； 多方面的
7. ________ n. 盐→________ adj. 咸的， 含盐的
8. ________ vt. 解除， 减轻； 缓和， 缓解→________ n. 解除， 减轻； 安慰
9. ________ adj. 安全的→________ n. 安全； 保护措施； 保安部门； 担保， 保证
10. ________ vt. & vi. 使钦佩， 给……留下深刻印象； 使意识到→________ n. 印象， 感想→________ adj. 给人深刻印象的
11. ________ v. 喜爱→________ adj. 可爱的， 讨人喜爱的
12. ________ n. 雾→________ adj. 有雾的， 雾茫茫的
13. ________ vt. & vi. 增加， 扩大； 扩展， 发展(业务)； 详谈， 详述→________ n. 膨胀
14. ________ v. 混合→________ n. 混合物； 混合， 结合
15. ________ v. 强调， 着重→________ n. (pl. ________) 强调， 重视； 重读
16. ________ v. 创造， 创新→________ n. 创造， 创新； 新思想， 新方法
答案：
1. combination, combine 2. creamy 3. greed, greedy, greedily 4. gentle, gently 5. associate, association
6. vary, variety, various 7. salt, salty 8. relieve, relief 9. secure, security 10. impress, impression, impressive
11. adore, adorable 12. fog, foggy 13. expand, expansion 14. mix, mixture
15. emphasize, emphasis, emphases 16. innovate, innovation
三、重点短语识记
1. ________________ 奏效， 起作用， 达到目的
2. ________________ 迫切需要
3. ________________ 投身于， 热衷于
4. ________________ 好(或美等)得不得了， 非凡， 呱呱叫
答案：
1. do the trick 2. cry out for 3. throw oneself into 4. out of this world
四、重点句型应用
1. no matter +疑问词引导的状语从句
________________________, that perfect combination is always enough to lift my spirits. 不管我的心情有多糟, 那种完美的结合总是足以让我振作起来。
2. Not only引导的部分倒装句
________________ is cooking at home cheaper, ________________ I can cook exactly what I want.
在家做饭不仅便宜, 而且我可以做我想做的菜。
3. sb. be believed to do sth. / to have done sth.
________________________ in the late Qing Dynasty as a way for boatmen on the Yangtze River to keep warm during the cold and wet winters.
人们相信, 它们(四川火锅)起源于清末, 当时是长江上的船夫在寒冷潮湿的冬天取暖的一种方式。
答案：
1. No matter how bad my mood is
2. Not only, but
3. They are believed to have started off
Unit 2 The universal language
一、重点单词识记
1. ________ n. 交响乐， 交响曲
2. ________ vt. 值得， 应得
3. ________ adj. 令人愉快的， 可喜的， 友好的， 和善的
4. ________ vi. & vt. 耳语， 低语； 私下说； 沙沙作响 n. 低语， 轻柔的声音； 传言
5. ________ adj. 激动人心的， 引人注目的； 突然的； 戏剧的； 夸张的
6. ________ vi. & vt. 哭泣， 流泪
7. ________ vt. 受到……的极大影响； 克服， 解决； 战胜
8. ________ n. 悲伤， 悲痛； 伤心事
9. ________ adv. 永远， 长久地； 老是
10. ________ adj. 民间的， 民俗的 n. 民间音乐； 人们； 各位； 家人
11. ________ n. 曲调， 曲子 vt. 调音； 调频道； 调整
12. ________ adj. 乡村的， 农村的
13. ________ vt. & n. 保证， 担保； 确保； 为(产品)提供保修； 保修单
14. ________ vi. & n. 流， 流动； 充满； 涨起； 连贯； 涨潮
15. ________ n. 录音， 视频； 录制； 记录， 记载
16. ________ vt. 盯着看， 注视， 凝视 n. 盯， 凝视
17. ________ vt. & vi. 吸引； 抓住； 赶紧， 抓紧
18. ________ vt. & vi. 席卷， 横扫； 打扫； 吹走； 清除 n. 打扫， 清扫
19. ________ adj. 复杂的， 难懂的
20. ________ vi. & vt. 鱼贯而行， 涌动； 流动 n. 小溪； (人)流； 车流
21. ________ adj. 大量的， 辽阔的， 巨大的
22. ________ n. 名誉， 名声
23. ________ adj. 聪颖的， 技艺高的； 巧妙的； 很成功的； 明亮的
24. ________ adj. 难过的， 失望的 vt. 使烦恼； 搅乱； 打翻
25. ________ vt. 中止， 放弃， 不再有； 抛弃； 舍弃
26. ________ adj. 令人振奋的， 鼓舞人心的
27. ________ n. 天赋， 天资； 天才
28. ________ n. 变奏， 变奏曲； 变化， 变更； 变体， 变种
29. ________ n. 合唱曲； 副歌； 合唱团
30. ________ adj. 宏大的， 宏伟的； 壮丽的， 堂皇的
答案：
1. symphony 2. deserve 3. pleasant 4. whisper 5. dramatic 6. weep 7. overcome 8. sorrow 9. forever
10. folk 11. tune 12. rural 13. guarantee 14. flow 15. recording 16. stare 17. grab 18. sweep
plicated 20. stream 21. vast 22. reputation 23. brilliant 24. upset 25. abandon 26. uplifting
27. genius 28. variation 29. chorus 30. grand
二、核心词汇变形
1. ________ vt. 作曲→________ n. 作曲家
2. ________ v. (使)融合， (使)结合， (使)混合； 兼作； 合并→________n n. (使)融合， (使)结合， (使)混合； 兼作； 合并
3. ________ v. 围绕着→________ adj. 周围的→________ n. 周围； 环境
4. ________ vt. 改编→________ adj. 适应能力非常强的→________ n. 改编本， 改写本； 适应
5. ________ v. 保护， 防御； 辩白 →________e n. 保护
6. ________ n. 评论→________ adj. 非凡的， 奇异的， 显著的， 引人注目的→________ adv. 显著地
7. ________ n. 天赋， 才能→________ adj. 有才华的， 有天赋的
8. ________ v. 预测， 预言→________ n. 预测， 预言
9. ________ vt. 使抑郁， 使沮丧； 使萧条， 使不景气→________ adj. 令人沮丧的→________ adj. 感到沮丧的→________ n. 抑郁症
10. ________ vt. 具有(特质)； 拥有； 支配， 控制→________ n. 财产
11. ________ 容易， 轻易； 舒适， 安逸→________ adj. 容易的
12. ________ adj. 平凡的→________ adj. 不寻常的， 非凡的； 意想不到的， 令人惊奇的
13. ________ adj. 绝望的； 不惜冒险的； 极其需要的； 极严重的 →________ adv. 绝望； 不惜冒险； 极其需要； 极严重
答案：
1. compose, composer 2. combine, combination 3. surround, surrounding, surroundings
4. adapt, adaptable, adaptation 5. defend, defense 6. remark, remarkable, remarkably 7. gift, gifted
8. predict, prediction 9. depress, depressing, depressed, depression 10. possess, possession
11. ease, easy 12. ordinary, extraordinary 13. desperate, desperately
三、重点短语识记
1. ________________ 使(关系密切的人)分离， 分开
2. ________________ 依赖， 依靠； 信任
3. ________________ 奉送， 额外赠送
4. ________________ 作为额外增添
5. ________________ 由……组成(或构成)
6. ________________ 开始做某事， 开始认真注意(或对待)某事
7. ________________ 突然， 猛地
答案：
1. tear apart 2. rely on 3. throw in 4. for good measure 5. consist of
6. get down to (doing) sth. 7. all of a sudden
四、重点句型应用
1. as if引导的省略了主语和be的状语从句
When the two lovers, Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai, first meet, the music is light and pleasant, ________________________.
当梁山伯和祝英台这对相爱的人见面时, 音乐轻松悦耳, 仿佛在向观众耳语。
2. 形容词作状语
________________________, Liang falls sick and dies.
又愤怒又悲伤, 梁山伯病倒去世了。
3. as. . . as一样
Life in Nashville is ________________________ I thought it would be. . .
纳什维尔的生活和我想象的一样有趣。
4. It turns out that . . . . 原来……
________________________ country music became popular right here in the south of America in the 1940s and then spread across the nation.
原来乡村音乐在20世纪40年代就在美国南部这里流行起来然后传遍全国。
5. By the time引导时间状语从句
________________________, he had already enjoyed a reputation as a wonderful young musician.
他少年时就已被誉为一名出色的年轻音乐家。
6. 现在分词短语作状语
The music moves through technically difficult sections with ease, ________________________ as a composer.
这首乐曲将技术上棘手的部分处理得轻松自如, 显示出他作为作曲家的天赋。
7. it作形式主语
Although Beethoven was able to continue composing music, ________________________.
作曲还可以继续, 但公开演出对于贝多芬而言越来越艰难了。
答案：
1. as if whispering to the audience
2. Angry and sad
3. as interesting as
4. It turns out that
5. By the time he was a teenager
6. showing his genius
7. it became increasingly difficult for him to perform in public
Unit 3 The art of painting
一、重点单词识记
1. ________ vi. & vt. 闲逛， 漫步； 走失； 走神； 蜿蜒曲折
2. ________ adj. 想法相同的， 志趣相投的
3. ________ vt. & vi. 在……中具有最重要(或明显)的特色； 支配， 控制； 占有优势； 俯视
4. ________ adj. 鲜明的， 耀眼的； 生动的
5. ________ vt. 陈列， 展出； 显示， 表现 n. 陈列， 展览； 表现； 展示
6. ________ adj. 值得(或应得)……的； 值得尊敬的， 值得注意的
7. ________ n. 阴影部分； 色度； 阴凉处
8. ________ vt. 开始， 发动 n. (通常指按周领的)工资， 工钱
9. ________ n. 建筑设计， 建筑风格； 建筑学
10. ________ n. 吐司， 烤面包片； 干杯， 祝酒 vt. 为……干杯； 烤； 取暖
11. ________ adj. 未经加工的， 自然状态的； 生的， 未烹制的
12. ________ n. 洞悉， 了解； 洞察力， 领悟
13. ________ vi. & vt. (wound, wound)蜿蜒， 迂回； 上发条； 缠绕
14. ________ vi. & vt. (乘船)航行； 起航； 驾驶(船只)； 飘， 掠n. 帆； 乘船航行
15. ________ n. 平民， 老百姓， 庶民
16. ________ n. 建筑物， 结构， 构造； 精心组织
17. ________ adj. 全面的， 综合的 adv. 全部， 总计； 一般来说， 大体上
18. ________ n. (pl. crises)危机， 危急关头； 危难时刻， 病危期
19. ________ n. 衰退， 衰落， 减少， 下降 vi. & vt. 减少， 下降， 衰退， 衰落； 谢绝
20. ________ vt. (overthrew, overthrown)推翻， 打倒n. 推翻， 打倒
21. ________ adj. 优秀的， 杰出的； 突出的， 明显的
22. ________ adj. 稀少的， 罕见的； 稀罕的， 珍贵的
答案：
1. wander 2. like-minded 3. dominate 4. vivid 5. display 6. worthy 7. shade 8. wage 9. architecture
10. toast 11. raw 12. insight 13. wind 14. sail 15. civilian 16. structure 17. overall 18. crisis
19. decline 20. overthrow 21. outstanding 22. rare
二、核心词汇变形
1. ________ n. 历史；历史学→________ adj. 历史上著名的；有史时期的→________ adj. 历史的；历史学的
2. ________ vt. &n. 展览，展出；显示；展览品→________ n. 展览，展出
3. ________ n. 解放，摆脱 →________ v. 解放， 使自由， 释放
4. ________ vt. & vi. (________, ________)突然想到；撞，碰；打；突击；罢工；划(火柴) n. 罢工；袭击；击，打→________ adj. 醒目的， 打击的， 惊人的
5. ________ adj. 截然不同的；强烈反对的→________ v. 反对， 使对抗， 使对立→________ n. 反对， 相反， 敌对
6. ________ vt. 运用，使用；雇用→________ n. 雇用， 工作， 职业
7. ________ adj. 真的，真正的→________ adv. 真地，真正地 →________ n. 真实，现实→________ adj. 逼真的，栩栩如生的；现实的，实际的；明智的
8. ________ n. 本质，精髓；香精，精油→________ adj. 必要的，本质的，重要的→________ adv. 实质上，本来
9. ________ n. 洗澡，沐浴 →________e vt. 以(光线)洒满，覆盖，使沐浴(在光线里)；用水清洗
10. ________ vt. & vi. 整理，布置；安排，筹备→________ n. 安排； 约定， 非正式协议； 准备工作； 调停
11. ________ adj. 显而易见，明白易懂，显然→________ adv. 显而易见
12. ________ adj. 细致的，精细的；准确的，精确的；恰好的→________ adv. 细致地，精确地
13. ________ adj. 宏大的，艰巨的；有野心的，有雄心的→________ n. 抱负
14. ________ adj. 巨大的，庞大的→________ adv. 巨大地，庞大地
15. ________ adj. 全面的，详尽的；综合性的→________ adv. 完全地，彻底地→________ n. 理解，包含
16. ________ n. 批评家，评论家；批评者，挑剔的人
→________ v. 批评； 苛求； 批判→________ adj. 批评的， 危险的， 决定性的； 临界的→________ adv. 批判性地
17. ________v. 检查； 检阅； 审查； 视察 →________ n. 检查，查看，审视；视察
18. ________ vt. 揭露，揭穿；暴露，显露；使遭受；使接触→________ n. 暴露， 揭露， 揭发
19. ________ n. 政治→________ adj. 政治的，政府的，政权的，政党的，党派的→________ adv. 政治上的→________ n. 政客，政治家
答案：
1. history, historic, historical 2. exhibit, exhibition 3. liberation, liberate 4. strike, struck, struck, striking
5. opposed, oppose, opposition 6. employ, employment 7. real, really, reality, realistic
8. essence, essential, essentially 9. bath, bathe 10. arrange, arrangement 11. apparent, apparently
12. precise, precisely 13. ambitious, ambition 14. enormous, enormously
prehensive, comprehensively, comprehension 16. critic, criticize, critical, critically
17. inspect, inspection 18. expose, exposure 19. politics, political, politically, politician
三、重点短语识记
1. ________________ (表示对比)而，相对于
2. ________________ 各行各业，社会各界
3. ________________ 忙于做某事，继续做某事
4. ________________ 由……引起(或造成)
5. ________________ 凭自身的资格(或努力)
6. ________________ 充分说明，清楚表明
答案：
1. as opposed to 2. all walks of life 3. go about sth. 4. be down to
5. in one’s own right 6. speak volumes about
四、重点句型应用
1. even though引导的让步状语从句
________________________, nothing could have prepared me for the wonder I felt when I finally laid eyes on the real thing.
尽管我曾在电脑屏幕上无数次地欣赏过它们, 但当我最终看到真正的东西时, 我所感受到的惊奇之情是无法阻止的。
2. every time 引导的时间状语从句
It is amazing that ________________________, he brought the pond’s beauty to the canvas in a unique way.
令人惊奇的是, 每次莫奈研究这个简单的场景时, 他都以一种独特的方式把池塘的美带到了画布上。
3. It is believed that. . .
________________________ (present-day Kaifeng), the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty.
人们通常认为, 画中描绘的城市是汴京(今天的开封), 即北宋的都城。
4. 现在分词作伴随状语
The first section presents a peaceful scene of rural life near Bianjing, ________________________.
第一部分展现了汴京城外平静的乡村生活场景, 重点描绘了农田、蜿蜒而过的河流和辛勤劳作的农民。
5. see的宾语补足语
Here, hundreds of people from all walks of life, including butchers, hairdressers and government officials, ________________________.
在这里, 我们能看到数以百计各行各业的人都在忙着各自的营生, 有肉贩、有理发师、还有官差。
6. such放在句首的倒装句
________________________ several later emperors even asked the most talented artists of their day to make copies of the scroll.
其价值之高, 以至于后世有多位皇帝命令当朝最有才华的画家临摹这幅长卷。
答案：
1. Even though I had admired them hundreds of times on my computer screen
2. every time Monet studied this simple scene
3. It is commonly believed that the city described in the painting is Bianjing
4. featuring crop fields, a river winding through the landscape, and farmers hard at work
5. can be seen going about their daily business
6. Such is its worth that
Unit 4 Exploring poetry
一、重点单词识记
1. ________ vt. 含有……的意思，暗示，暗指
2. ________ n. 方面，侧面； 规模，程度； 维
3. ________ n. 理解，领会； 抓紧，握紧，控制； 能力所及vt. 抓紧； 领会，理解
4. ________ n. 押韵词，押韵vt. 使押韵 vi. 和……同韵
5. ________ adj. 复杂的，难懂的 n. 建筑群； 复合体； 情结
6. ________ n. 线索，提示； 迹象
7. ________ vt. 把(动物)关在笼中n. 笼子
8. ________ adv. 到旁边，在旁边； 留，存； 除……以外
9. ________ adj. 偏远的，偏僻的； 遥远的，久远的； 远亲的
10. ________ vt. 奖励，奖赏 n. 奖励，回报； 悬赏金
11. ________ adj. 内心的，隐藏的； 里面的，内部的
12. ________ vt. 注意到，意识到，将……理解为，将……视为
13. ________ n. 理想； 典范 adj. 完美的，理想的
14. ________ adj. 死板的，僵硬的； 固执的，僵化的
15. ________ vt. (underwent, undergone)经历，经受
16. ________ vt. 拥护，支持，提倡 n. 拥护者，支持者； 辩护律师
17. ________ n. 区，行政区； 地区，区域
18. ________ vi. & vt. (bent， bent)(使)拐弯，弯曲n. 拐弯，弯道
19. ________ n. 声明，宣称； 所有权； 索赔 vt. 宣称，声称，要求； 索取； 获得
20. ________ adv. 因此，由此
21. ________ vi. & vt. 敢于，胆敢； 激(某人做某事)
22. ________ adj. 众多的，许多的
23. ________ vt. 偶然碰到，意外地遇见； 遭遇，碰到n. 相遇，遭遇，冲突
24. ________ vt. 培养，助长； 抚养，滋养
25. ________ n. (贸易和经济活动的)激增，繁荣 vi. 迅速发展，激增，繁荣昌盛
26. ________ n. 生命力，活力，热情
27. ________ vt. & vi. 成为……的特征，使有别于； 区分，辨别； 认出； 使出众
28. ________ vt. (cast, cast)投射； 向……投以(视线、笑容等)； 投，抛； 选派角色n. 全体演员； 投，抛
29. ________ vt. 欠(情)； 欠(债)
30. ________ n. 人情债，情义，恩情； 借款，欠款，债务
31. ________ vt. (usually passive)给……命名； 使享有权利，使符合资格
32. ________ vt. 把……归咎于，责怪，指责 n. 责任，责备，指责
33. ________ n. 津贴，补助； 限额； 零花钱
答案：
1. imply 2. dimension 3. grasp 4. rhyme 5. complex 6. clue 7. cage 8. aside 9. remote 10. reward
11. inner 12. perceive 13. ideal 14. rigid 15. undergo 16. advocate 17. district 18. bend 19. claim
20. hence 21. dare 22. numerous 23. encounter 24. nourish 25. boom 26. vitality 27. distinguish
28. cast 29. owe 30. debt 31. entitle 32. blame 33. allowance
二、核心词汇变形
1. ________ v. 冰冻；(使)冻结，结冰；(使)冻住，冻堵；严寒→________ adj. 结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的；冻僵的→________ adj. 极冷的；冰冻的；冰点以下的
2. ________ vt. 发现，查明，侦察出→________ n. 探测器；检测器
3. ________ v. 反驳；驳斥；批驳；相矛盾；相抵触；相反→________ adj. 互相矛盾的，对立的
4. ________ vt. 解释，阐释；把……理解为，领会；演绎 vi. 口译→________ n. 口译工作者；口译译员
5. ________ adj. 耐心的 n. 患者→________ n. 耐心，忍耐力
6. ________ adj. 不断的；连续发生的→________ adv. 始终，一直
7. ________ n. 逻辑；逻辑学；思维方式→________ adj. 符合逻辑的；必然的，合乎情理的→________ adv. 逻辑上；合乎逻辑地
8. ________ adj. 真正的；真实的；真的；实际存在的→________ n. 现实，实际情况；事实，实际经历
9. ________ n. 薄雾，水汽→________ adj. 模糊的；多雾的；不明晰的
10. ________ n. 小说→________n. 小说家
11. ________ n. 工业→________ adj. 工业的→________ v. (使)工业化→________ n. 工业化
12. ________ n. 看法，信念；信仰；相信，信心→________ v. 相信
13. ________ vt. &vi. 突然想到；撞，碰；打；突击；罢工；划(火柴)n. 罢工；袭击；击；打→________ adj. 引人注目的，显著的；妩媚动人的，标致的
答案：
1. freeze, frozen, freezing 2. detect, detector 3. contradict, contradictory 4. interpret, interpreter
5. patient, patience 6. constant, constantly 7. logic, logical, logically 8. real, reality 9. mist, misty
10. novel, novelist 11. industry, industrial, industrialize, industrialization 12. belief, believe 13. strike, striking
三、重点短语识记
1. ________________ 发现，搜集，查明
2. ________________ 把……放一边；留出
3. ________________ 与某事终止关联，破除
4. ________________ 体谅；考虑到，估计到
答案：
1. dig up 2. set sth. aside 3. break with sth. 4. make allowance for
四、重点句型应用
1. even if引导状语从句
________________________, you can always say something about how the poem sounds when you read it aloud.
即使你无法理解诗歌的真正含义, 也总可以说出这首诗在朗读时听起来如何。
2. as long as引导状语从句
________________________________________________, it will have been worth your effort.
只要读诗之旅能让你有所感悟, 或者让你领悟到另一层含义, 你的努力就是值得的。
3. Given. . . 考虑到……
________________________, it is only natural to see that the majority of Li Bai’s poems are characterized by the romantic style.
鉴于他的个人经历和历史背景, 李白多数作品皆富浪漫主义色彩就不足为奇了。
4. 完全倒装句
________________________ Li Bai’s free expression of strong feelings, which breathes vitality into the lifeless objects he describes, and which distinguishes him from other landscape poets.
同样让人印象深刻的是李白强烈情感的自由抒发, 这为他笔下的无生命物体注入了生机, 也让他有别于其他山水诗人。
答案：
1. Even if its true meaning appears to be beyond your grasp
2. As long as the journey of poetry reading makes you feel something or lets you perceive another level of meaning
3. Given his personal experiences and the historical background
4. Equally impressive is
一、根据汉语意思或者首字母提示填写单词
1. The decision was based on ________(情感) rather than rational thought.
2. The medical team sent to the disaster-stricken area c________ of hundreds of doctors and nurses.
3. Charles, ________(受到……极大影响) with tiredness, slept in his clothes, sitting in an armchair with his head dropped.
4. I can give you a rough e________(估计) of the amount of wood you will need.
5. The pill was so b________ that the boy spat it out immediately.
6. I was ________(闲逛) through the streets when I caught sight of a tailor’s shop.
7. Traditional works of art from different provinces are being ________(展览) at the culture show of the Shanghai World Expo.
8. Don’t b________ the boy for the mistake. He is only 8 years old after all.
9. New employees of the company have been u________ training in recent weeks.
10. Winning the match was just a r________ for the effort the team had made.
答案:1. emotion 2. consisted 3. overcome 4. estimate 5. bitter
6.wandering 7. displayed 8.blame 9. undergoing 10.reward
二、单句语法填空
1. When the food was served, the hungry boy ate it ________(greedy).
【答案】greedily
【详解】考查副词。句意：食物端上来时，饥饿的男孩贪婪地吃了起来。空处修饰动词ate，应用副词形式。故填greedily。
2. The little girl aged six left a deep impression ________ me.
【答案】on
【详解】考查介词。句意：这个六岁的小女孩给我留下了深刻的印象。固定短语leave a deep impression on sb.“给某人留下深刻印象”。故填on。
3. The book on Chinese cuisine was published in ________(associate) with a local company.
【答案】association
【详解】考查名词。句意：这本关于中国菜的书是与当地一家公司联合出版的。提示词作宾语，用名词association；in association with...“与……联系/合作”。故填association。
4. His being crazy about playing basketball is associated ________ his father’s influence when he was a child.
【答案】with
【详解】考查介词。句意：他对打篮球的狂热与他小时候受父亲的影响有关。结合句意可知，表示“与……有关”应该用短语be associated with。故填with。
5.(2023-2024学年广东省麻涌，塘厦，七中，济川四校高一下学期5月期中联考)When he woke up in the hospital, he found himself ________(surround) by doctors and nurses.
【答案】surrounded
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当他在医院醒来时，他发现周围都是医生和护士。这里是“find+宾语+宾补”结构，himself和surround之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作宾补，故填surrounded。
6.(2023-2024学年高一下·福建三明·期中)Surrounded by a lot of green trees and flowers, the village has beautiful ________(surround).
【答案】surroundings
【详解】考查名词。句意：被许多绿树和鲜花所环绕，村子有很美的环境。分析可知，所填应是名词，作动词“has”的宾语。“surround”，动词，意为“包围，围绕”，其名词形式为“surrounding (周围环境)”，通常用复数形式“surroundings”。故填surroundings。
7.(2023-2024学年高一上·广东茂名·期末)Being used to working in a difficult condition helps him adapt ________ different kinds of weather.
【答案】to
【详解】考查介词。句意：习惯于在艰苦的条件下工作有助于他适应不同的天气。结合句意“适应”可知短语为adapt to。故填to。
8. As I know, he would not be suited ________ the job.
【答案】to/for
【详解】考查介词。句意：据我所知，他不适合这项工作。根据“be suited”和“the job”可推知，此处用固定短语be suited to或be suited for表示“适合于”。故填to/for。
9. If you are enthusiastic about literature and eager to share your views on literary works, then our club is ________(suit) for you.
【答案】suitable
【详解】考查形容词。句意:如果你对文学充满热情并渴望分享你对文学作品的看法，那么我们的俱乐部适合你。本空在句中作表语，且意义为“适合的”，故应用形容词形式suitable。固定搭配be suitable for意为“适合……”。故填suitable。
10. Ludwig van Beethoven is regarded as one of the greatest ________(compose) in the history of music.
【答案】composers
【详解】考查名词。句意：路德维希·范·贝多芬被认为是音乐史上最伟大的作曲家之一。“one of +the +形容词的最高级+可数名词的复数”表示“最……之一”，所以空处需要名词的复数形式。根据句意可知，路德维希·范·贝多芬是作曲家。compose为动词形式，composer为名词“作曲家”。故填composers。
三、重点短语完成句子
rely on, tear apart, get down to, do the trick, cry out for,
go about take off, speak volumes about, as opposed to, stick to
1. From my experience, ten to twenty hours’ practice can probably ________.
2. As far as I’m concerned, your teacher is someone that you can ________.
3. Most businesses are not willing to ________ last year’s model of success and build a new one.
4. I won’t put up with any more of your nonsense—now ________ work.
5. The city has been seriously destroyed and is ________ money to be rebuilt.
6. His business began to ________ after he had put many new products into the market.
7. Green ________ red means safety; it is the color of free passage in road traffic.
8. Every day he is ________ his business; in other words, he is busy every day.
9. The sad truth is that most of us have been brought up to eat certain junk food and we ________ them all our lives.
10. Your behavior will ________ your ambition and character.
答案：
1. do the trick
2. rely on
3. tear apart
4. get down to
5. crying out for
6. take off
7. as opposed to
8. going about
9. stick to
10. speak volumes about
应用文写作和读后续写高级句式填空
1.(演讲稿)事实上，这意味着如果你真的下定决心要做某事，不管有多难，永远不要放弃。(no matter +疑问词引导的状语从句)
In fact，it means that if you are really resolved to do something, ________________________, never give up.
2.(读后续写之环境描写)刺骨的寒风如狼一般怒吼，使得黑暗更加令人窒息(suffocating) (现在分词作状语)
The bone-chilling wind howled like a wolf, ________________________.
3.(读后续写之情感细节描写)我坚定而自豪地拿出自己的钱递给爸爸。(形容词短语作状语)
________________________, I took out my own money and handed it to Dad.
4.(读后续写之心理描写)当我看到拖拉机开向高速公路时，我的心都僵在胸口了。我拼命地跑，但没能赶上。(see 的宾语补足语)
My heart froze in my chest as I ________________________ the motorway.I ran desperately but failed to catch up.
5.(人物介绍)每次我在学习或生活中遇到一些问题，她总是鼓励我勇敢地克服这些困难。(every time)
________________________ in my study or life, she always encourages me to overcome the difficulties bravely.
6.(人物介绍)正是在她好心的帮助和耐心的指导下，我提高了我的英语水平。(强调句)
________________________ I improved my English.
7.(应用文之倡议书)我们相信，通过我们的共同努力，我们会创造一个更美丽的世界。(It＋be＋过去分词＋that...)
________________________ we can create a more beautiful world.
答案：
1. no matter how/however difficult it might be
2. making the darkness even more suffocating
3. Determined and proud
4. saw the tractor heading towards
5. Every time I come across some problems
6. It was with her kind help and patient guidance that
7. It is believed that with our joint efforts
一、阅读理解
A
(23-24高一下·河南郑州·阶段练习)A broken heart and a sad ending to a long friendship. That’s something most of us have experienced, or probably will. After all, it’s part of human life. But the experience can be hard to get over.
But research shows there are pathways through the heartache. Listening to sad music is a major one. It can help you begin to feel joy and hopefulness about your life again. It can arouse(激起) the desire to connect with others.
Sad music can help heal(治愈) and uplift you from your broken heart. A recent study from Germany found the emotional influence of listening to sad music is an arousal of feelings of empathy(同情), and a desire for positive connection with others. That, itself, is psychologically healing. It draws you away from concentration on yourself, and possibly towards helping others in need of comfort.
Another experiment, from the University of Kent, found that when people were experiencing sadness, listening to music that was “beautiful but sad” improved their mood. In fact, it did so when the person first consciously accept the situation causing their sadness, and then began listening to the sad music. That is, when they intended that the sad music might help, they found that it did.
These findings link with other studies that show accepting your sad situation emotionally leads to healing and growth beyond it. It seems unbelievable but it does make sense. For example, research from Cornell University found that accepting discomfort about a life experience or new situation, and viewing it as a step towards growth and change, encourages people to find a pathway through it, beyond it. As Churchill famously said, “If you’re going through hell, keep going.” That discomfort points you towards creating a plan, a new action. It brings hope.
1. What can we learn from Paragraph 3& amp;4
A. Sad music can make people help others.
B. Sad music can make sad people feel better.
C. Sad music can make people believe in themselves.
D. Sad music can make people concentrate on themselves.
2. What does the phrase underlined in the last paragraph mean
A. Hearing a swear word used by enemies. B. Avoiding a place to go after death.
C. Getting an extremely pleasant time. D. Having an unbearable experience.
3. How does the author develop this article
A. By listing figures. B. By giving directions.
C. By presenting research findings. D. By comparing examples.
4. Which of the following can be the best title for the article
A. How to Find Pathways through Heartaches
B. How We React to a Broken Heart Matters a Lot
C. What We Can Do to Overcome Discomfort in Life
D. Why Listening to Sad Music Heals Your Broken Heart
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了听悲伤的音乐在治愈心灵创伤中的作用，相关研究表明，听悲伤的音乐可以帮助人们重新感受到生活的快乐和希望，唤起同理心，并激发与他人建立积极联系的欲望。
1. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Sad music can help heal (治愈) and uplift you from your broken heart. (悲伤的音乐可以帮助你从破碎的心灵中治愈和振作起来)”和第四段中“Another experiment, from the University of Kent, found that when people were experiencing sadness, listening to music that was “beautiful but sad” improved their mood. (肯特大学的另一项实验发现，当人们感到悲伤时，听“美丽但悲伤”的音乐可以改善他们的情绪)”可知，悲伤的音乐对让悲伤的人而言有治愈作用，能改善他们的情绪，即可以让他们感觉好一些。故选B项。
2. 词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文“That discomfort points you towards creating a plan, a new action. It brings hope. (这种不适会让你制定一个计划，一个新的行动。它带来了希望)”可推知，此处描述的一种不适的、糟糕的经历。结合选项内容可知，画线短语意思应该是“有难以忍受的经历”。故选D项。
3. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“A recent study from Germany found the emotional influence of listening to sad music is an arousal of feelings of empathy (同情), and a desire for positive connection with others. (德国最近的一项研究发现，听悲伤的音乐对情绪的影响是一种同理心的唤起，以及与他人建立积极联系的渴望)”、第四段中“Another experiment, from the University of Kent, found that when people were experiencing sadness, listening to music that was “beautiful but sad” improved their mood. (肯特大学的另一项实验发现，当人们感到悲伤时，听“美丽但悲伤”的音乐可以改善他们的情绪)”和最后一段中“For example, research from Cornell University found that accepting discomfort about a life experience or new situation, and viewing it as a step towards growth and change, encourages people to find a pathway through it, beyond it. (例如，康奈尔大学的研究发现，接受对生活经历或新情况的不适，并将其视为迈向成长和改变的一步，会鼓励人们找到克服和超越它的途径)”可知，文章呈现了多个研究结果，来表明听悲伤音乐的积极作用。故选C项。
4. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中“But research shows there are pathways through the heartache. Listening to sad music is a major one. (但研究表明，心痛是有缓解途径的。听悲伤的音乐是主要的一种途径)”可知，文章主要介绍了听悲伤的音乐在治愈心灵创伤中的作用，这些作用包括帮助人们重新感受到生活的快乐和希望，唤起同理心，并激发与他人建立积极联系的欲望等。因此，D项“为什么听悲伤的音乐能治愈你破碎的心”契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选D项。
B
(23-24高一下·重庆·期中)Where is the line between art and advertising A large painting in Conway, New Hampshire, has led to a zoning(分区) conflict, a First Amendment legal action and a local vote.
It started with a high school art project to paint a picture on a building in the town. The building houses a store called Leavitt’s Country Bakery. The picture shows the sun shining over mountains of cakes found in bakeries.
This leads to the town zoning board getting involved. It decided that the painting was more advertising than art. Officials said that, as an advertisement, the sign was too big. Its size broke town rules. The board ordered the
sign be removed or changed. Bakery owner Sean Young faced possible fines if he did not follow the order. So, he decided to fight it in court. Young’s legal action charges the town of Conway of violating his right to free speech, guaranteed in the U. S. Constitution(宪法).
“They said it would be art elsewhere,” Young told The Associated Press. “It’s just not art here.”
Many, including the zoning board members, liked the students’ work. But they said rules must be followed. At about 8.6 square meters, the mural(壁画) is four times bigger than zoning rules permit for advertising signs.
Then, last week, residents voted against changes to the rules. The lawsuit(诉讼) argues that the town’s definition of “sign” is very general and its zoning rules do not include the word “mural”.
Board member Luigi Bartolomeo said he thinks the painting at the bakery is art, not advertising. “I think it’s a very badly written piece of code here,” said Bartolomeo. But Board Chairperson John Colbath said the board has to work with the rule, which was approved by voters. He argues that the mural would likely be seen-as art, and not advertising, if its subject did not represent the products found at Leavitt’s.
5. Why did the zoning board view the picture as an advertisement
A. It was bigger than the permitted size in the town rules.
B. The shining sun made it more eye-catching in the town.
C. Cakes sold in the store were painted on the large sign.
D. The Bakery owner desired it would help him earn money.
6. What led Young to take legal action
A. He was seeking financial freedom. B. He wanted to bring attention to a larger issue.
C. He was personally threatened by the town’s actions. D. He believed his rights had been unfairly denied.
7. What can you infer from John Colbath’s words
A. The mural is an advertisement rather than art.
B. The mural should be displayed regardless of the rule.
C. The subject didn’t show the products at Leavitt’s.
D. The piece of code here is badly written.
8. What is the suitable title for the text
A. Will the Court Regard the Picture as Art B. Is the Picture Mural Art or Advertising
C. Should the Right to Freedom Violate Rules D. How to Solve the Conflict between Art and Ads
【答案】5. A 6. D 7. A 8. B
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，主要说明了新罕布什尔州康威市的一幅巨幅油画引发了分区冲突、宪法第一修正案的法律诉讼和地方投票。
5. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Officials said that, as an advertisement, the sign was too big. Its size broke town rules. (官员们表示，作为广告，这个标志太大了。它的规模打破了城镇规则。)”可知，照片比城镇规定允许的面积大导致分区委员会认为这张照片是广告。故选A。
6. 细节理解题。根据第三段“So, he decided to fight it in court. Young’s legal action charges the town of Conway of violating his right to free speech, guaranteed in the U. S. Constitution (宪法). (所以，他决定在法庭上抗争。杨的
诉讼指控康威镇侵犯了美国宪法保障的他的言论自由权。)”可知，杨认为他的权利被不公平地剥夺了，这促使杨采取法律行动。故选D。
7. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“But Board Chairperson John Colbath said the board has to work with the rule, which was approved by voters. He argues that the mural would likely be seen-as art, and not advertising, if its subject did not represent the products found at Leavitt’s. (但董事会主席约翰·科尔巴斯表示，董事会必须遵守这项由选民批准的规定。他认为，如果壁画的主题不代表在莱维特店发现的产品，那么壁画很可能被视为艺术，而不是广告。)”可知，约翰·科尔巴斯的观点和董事会成员Luigi Bartolomeo的观点相反，他认为，这幅壁画与其说是艺术，不如说是广告。故选A。
8. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Where is the line between art and advertising A large painting in Conway, New Hampshire, has led to a zoning (分区) conflict, a First Amendment legal action and a local vote. (艺术和广告的界限在哪里？新罕布什尔州康威市的一幅巨幅油画引发了分区冲突、宪法第一修正案的法律诉讼和地方投票。)”结合文章主要说明了这一案件的具体起因经过以及人们对此的不同看法，可知，B选项“这幅画是壁画还是广告？”最符合文章标题。故选B。
二、完形填空
(23-24高一下·浙江杭州·期中)Since the age of three, Chelsie Hill had dreamed of becoming a dancer. That ambition 1 ended one night in 2010. Hill, then a 17-year-old high school senior was in a car accident that put her in the 2 for 51 days and left her paralyzed(瘫痪的) from the waist down. For most people, that would have killed any hope of a dancing career. For Hill, however, it was the 3 . “I wanted to prove that I was still ‘ 4 ,’” she said. That word for her meant dancing, so Hill did it in her 5 . “I have to move with my hands. It definitely took much learning and 6 .”
After graduation, Hill wanted to expand her dance network to 7 women like her. She met people who had suffered disabilities but 8 her determination, and she invited them to dance with her. In 2014 Hill formed a team of dancers with disabilities she calls the Rollettes. “I want to 9 the stereotype(成见) of wheelchair users and show that dance is dance, whether you’re walking or you’re 10 .” she said. Dancing on wheels can be just as artful and fulfilling. In disabled dance competitions, they’re 11 , and as the audiences’ excited reactions indicate, the happiness is contagious(传染的).
Hill is a real 12 . She has achieved her childhood 13 . Every year she holds a dance camp for wheelchair users. For many, it was the first time they’d felt they 14 . A girl once told her it was the most 15 thing when she rolled into a room and everyone was at eye level.
1. A. finally B. nearly C. gradually D. merely
2. A. church B. theatre C. school D. hospital
3. A. beginning B. peak C. warning D. lesson
4. A. strong B. healthy C. normal D. talented
5. A. mind B. wheelchair C. bed D. studio
6. A. grace B. luck C. patience D. passion
7. A. include B. save C. honor D. protect
8. A. lost B. shared C. needed D. hid
9. A. get through B. pass on C. break down D. stick to
10. A. crawling B. running C. dancing D. rolling
11. A. having fun B. seeking help C. making an effort D. taking a risk
12. A. chief B. coach C. dancer D. director
13. A. record B. standard C. victory D. dream
14. A. understood B. belonged C. succeeded D. grew
15. A. empowering B. interesting C. disappointing D. embarrassing
【答案】
1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. D
11. A 12. C 13. D 14. B 14. A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个梦想成为舞蹈家的女孩Chelsie Hill在遭遇车祸残疾后不仅没有放弃自己的梦想，而是创办了一个特殊的舞蹈团体，坐在轮椅上追逐自己的梦想。文章告诉我们在困难面前只有敢于挑战自我，战胜自我，最终才能成就自我。
1. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：2010年的一个晚上，这种雄心壮志几乎结束了。A. finally最终；B. nearly几乎；C. gradually逐渐地；D. merely仅仅。根据下文“left her paralyzed from the waist down.”可知，她的雄心壮志几乎结束了。故选B。
2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：希尔当时是一名17岁的高中生，在一场车祸中，她住进了医院51天，腰部以下瘫痪。A. church教堂；B. theatre剧院；C. school学校；D. hospital医院。根据上文“in a car accident”可知，她住进了医院51天。故选D。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，对希尔来说，那场事故成了她舞蹈生涯的开始。A. beginning开始；B. peak顶峰；C. warning警告；D. lesson课程，教训。根据下文““I wanted to prove that I was still ‘___4___,’” she said. That word for her meant dancing, so Hill did it in her ___5___.”可知，那场事故成了希尔舞蹈生涯的开始。故选A。
4. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我想证明我仍然是‘正常’的，”她说。A. strong强壮的；B. healthy健康的；C. normal正常的；D. talented有天赋的。根据下文“That word for her meant dancing”可知，她想要证明自己是正常的。故选C。
5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个词对她意味着跳舞，所以希尔坐在轮椅上跳舞。A. mind思想；B. wheelchair轮椅；C. bed床；D. studio工作室。根据上文“left her paralyzed from the waist down.”可知，希尔是坐在轮椅上跳舞。故选B。
6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我必须用手移动，这绝对需要很多学习和耐心。”A. grace优雅；B. luck运气；C. patience耐心；D. passion激情。根据上文“I have to move with my hands.”可知，这需要很多的学习和耐心。故选C。
7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：毕业后，希尔希望扩大她的舞蹈网络，包括像她这样的女性。A. include包括；B. save拯救，节省；C. honor尊敬；D. protect保护。根据下文“She met people who had suffered disabilities but
___8___ her determination, and she invited them to dance with her.”可知，希尔希望扩大她的舞蹈网络去包括像她这样有残疾的女性。故选A。
8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她遇到了一些遭受残疾但共享她决心的人，她邀请他们一起跳舞。A. lost失去；B. shared分享；C. needed需要；D. hid隐藏。根据下文“and she invited them to dance with her.”可知，她遇到了一些遭受残疾但跟她有相同的决心的人。故选B。
9. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：“我想消除对轮椅使用者的刻板印象，展示无论是走路还是滚动，舞蹈就是舞蹈。”她说。A. get through度过，完成；B. pass on传递；C. break down消除，发生故障；D. stick to坚持。根据下文“the stereotype of wheelchair users and show that dance is dance,”可知，希尔想消除对轮椅使用者的刻板印象。故选C。
10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我想打破对轮椅使用者的刻板印象，展示无论是走路还是滚动(轮椅)，舞蹈就是舞蹈。”她说。A. crawling爬行；B. running跑步；C. dancing跳舞；D. rolling滚动。根据上文“wheelchair users”可知，轮椅使用者需要滚动轮椅。故选D。
11. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在残疾人舞蹈比赛中，他们玩得很开心，正如观众兴奋的反应所表明的那样，这种快乐是会传染的。A. having fun玩得开心；B. seeking help寻求帮助；C. making an effort努力；D. taking a risk冒险。根据下文“as the audiences’ excited reactions indicate, the happiness is contagious.”可知，在残疾人舞蹈比赛中，他们玩得很开心。故选A。
12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：希尔是一个真正的舞者。A. chief首领；B. coach教练；C. dancer舞者；D. director导演，指导者。根据下文“She has achieved her childhood ___13___. ”可知，希尔实现了童年的梦想，现在是一个真正的舞者。故选C。
13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她实现了童年的梦想。A. record记录；B. standard标准；C. victory胜利；D. dream梦想。根据上文“Since the age of three, Chelsie Hill had dreamed of becoming a dancer.”可知，希尔实现了她童年的梦想。故选D。
14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每年，她都会为轮椅使用者举办舞蹈营，对许多人来说，这是他们第一次感觉自己有归属感。A. understood理解；B. belonged属于；C. succeeded成功；D. grew成长。根据上文“Every year she holds a dance camp for wheelchair users.”可知，这是那些残疾人第一次感觉属于某个地方。故选B。
15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有个女孩曾经告诉她，当她滚动轮椅进房间，大家都处于同一视线水平时，那是最增强自信的事情。A. empowering赋予权力的，增强自信的；B. interesting有趣的；C. disappointing令人失望的；D. embarrassing尴尬的。根据下文“when she rolled into a room and everyone was at eye level.”可知，对于坐轮椅的人来说，大家都处于同一视线水平时，那是最增强自信的事情。故选A。
三、七选五
(23-24高一下·湖北武汉·期中)Poetry plays with sounds, words and grammar. 1 . Poetry uses colors, feelings, experiences, and images to paint a picture in your mind.
In Chinese classical poetry, the form is very important: the correct number of lines and the number of
characters in each line. Poetry often follows special patterns of rhythm and rhyme. However, modern poets began to reject traditional structures for poetry in the 20th century. 2
During the Tang Dynasty, poems by Li Bai and Du Fu became very popular. Li Bai wrote poems celebrating things such as friendship, nature, and wine while Du’s most famous poems reflect on the effects of war on the people.
3 Americans were first introduced to classical Chinese poetry by American poet Ezra Pound (1885-1973). He translated 18 classical Chinese poems, mainly by Li Bai, into English. 4 From around 1910 onwards, European literature came to China when some famous writers began to translate both poetry and novels into Chinese.
Just like readers in the West, Chinese readers admire Shakespeare, John Milton and many others for their fine English poetry. The nature poems by William Wordsworth, Ode to the West Wind by Percy Bysshe Shelley, George Gordon Byron’s Isles of Greece, and long poems by John Keats have long been favourites.
Today, many Chinese people are becoming more interested in reading poems, no matter in what language they are written. 5 No matter how well a poem is translated, something of the spirit of the original work is lost.
A. Consequently, modern poems are totally different in styles and structures.
B. Translations can be good, but reading in the original language is better.
C. At about the same time, Chinese writers started reading more foreign poetry.
D. Outside of Asia, the study of Chinese introduced the West to Chinese poetry.
E. That makes poetry difficult to write but interesting to read.
F. So only reading in the original language can really help to get the works’ spirit.
G. As a result, most poetry today is written more freely, with lines of varying length.
【答案】1. E 2. G 3. D 4. C 5. B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了诗歌的历史以及传播。
1. 根据上文“Poetry plays with sounds, words and grammar.(诗歌运用声音、词汇和语法)”以及后文“Poetry uses colors, feelings, experiences, and images to paint a picture in your mind.(诗歌用色彩、感情、经历和形象在你的脑海中描绘出一幅图画)”可知，本句承接上文，说明诗歌的特点，故E选项“这使得诗歌很难写，但读起来很有趣”符合语境，故选E。
2. 根据上文“In Chinese classical poetry, the form is very important: the correct number of lines and the number of characters in each line. Poetry often follows special patterns of rhythm and rhyme. However, modern poets began to reject traditional structures for poetry in the 20th century.(在中国古典诗歌中，形式是非常重要的：正确的行数和每行的字符数。诗歌通常遵循特殊的节奏和韵律模式。然而，现代诗人在20世纪开始拒绝传统的诗歌结构)”可知，本句与上文构成因果关系，上文提到拒绝传统诗歌结构，说明结构发生了变化。故G选项“因此，今天的大多数诗歌写得更加自由，诗句长短不一”符合语境，故选G。
3. 根据后文“Americans were first introduced to classical Chinese poetry by American poet Ezra Pound (1885-1973). He translated 18 classical Chinese poems, mainly by Li Bai, into English.(美国人最早接触中国古典
诗歌是由美国诗人庞德(1885-1973)。他把18首中国古诗，主要是李白的诗翻译成英文)”可知，后文主要说明了中国诗歌传播到西方。故D选项“在亚洲之外，汉语的研究将中国诗歌介绍给了西方”符合语境，故选D。
4. 根据后文“From around 1910 onwards, European literature came to China when some famous writers began to translate both poetry and novels into Chinese.(大约从1910年开始，欧洲文学进入中国，一些著名作家开始把诗歌和小说翻译成中文)”可知，后文提到欧洲文学进入中国，说明中国也开始阅读外国诗歌。故C选项“大约在同一时间，中国作家开始阅读更多的外国诗歌”符合语境，故选C。
5. 根据后文“No matter how well a poem is translated, something of the spirit of the original work is lost.(无论一首诗翻译得多么好，它的某些精神都会丧失)”可知，后文提到翻译导致诗歌精神丧失，推测应该阅读原文，B选项中Translations对应后文translated。故B选项“翻译可以很好，但阅读原文更好”符合语境，故选B。2024年高一英语复习之核心单词、短语、句型知识清单（译林版2020选择必修第一册）
Unit 1 Back to school
Unit 1 Food matters
一、重点单词识记
1. ________ n. 情绪， 心情； 气氛， 氛围
2. ________ n. 味， 味道； 特点， 特色 vt. 给……调味， 加味于
3. ________ n. (饭后)甜点， 甜食
4. ________ vt. 联系， 相关联； 把……连接起来 n. 联系， 连接； 关系， 纽带； 链接
5. ________ n. 情感， 强烈的感情， 激情， 情绪
6. ________ n. 出生于某国(或某地)的人； 本地人 adj. 出生地的； 本地的； 土著的； 土产的
7. ________ adj. 酸的， 有酸味的； 馊的 vi. & vt. (使)变坏； 变味， 酸腐
8. ________ n. 纽带， 联系； 连接， 结合
9. ________ vt. 产生， 引起
10. ________ vt. & vi. 消化； 领会， 理解 n. 摘要， 文摘
11. ________ vt. 降低， 减少； 把……放低， 使……降下 adj. 下面的； 在底部的； 低洼的
12. ________ n. 循环； 自行车， 摩托车 vi. 骑自行车
13. ________ vt. 提高， 增强
14. ________ vt. & vi. 用沸水煮； (使)沸腾
15. ________ vt. & vi. 油炸， 油煎
16. ________ n. 风景， 景色； 舞台布景
17. ________ n. 打赌， 赌注； 预计， 估计 vi. & vt. (bet, bet)下赌注， 打赌； 敢说
18. ________ n. 气氛， 氛围； 大气； 气体； 空气
19. ________ adj. 年纪较大的， 上了年纪的
20. ________ vt. & vi. 烘烤； 烤硬
21. ________ adj. 不浓的， 淡味的； 暖和的； 温和的； 不严重的
22. ________ adj. 味苦的； 激烈的； 令人难过的； 严寒的
23. ________ adj. 不受约束的； 未固定牢的； 零散的； 宽松的； 疏松的
24. ________ adj. 潮湿的， 湿气重的
25. ________ adj. 数量多的， 多样的
26. ________ adj. 朴素的， 简单的； 清楚的 n. 平原
27. ________ n. 薄片， 片； 部分， 份额 vt. 把……切成片； 切开， 割破
28. ________ n. 性质， 特性； 所有物， 财产； 不动产
29. ________ adj. 合适的
30. ________ vt. 估计， 估价 n. 估计； 估计的成本
31. ________ adj. 必不可少的； 本质的， 基本的
32. ________ n. 概念， 观念
33. ________ vt. 促进， 激发； 刺激， 使兴奋
34. ________ n. 食欲， 胃口； 强烈欲望
35. ________ adj. 精致的， 精细的， 精密的； 易损的， 易碎的， 脆弱的
36. ________ vt. & vi. 蒸； 散发蒸汽 n. 水蒸气； 蒸汽动力； 水汽
37. ________ n. 边， 边缘； 刀口
38. ________ adv. 成碎片； 分开； 相隔
二、核心词汇变形
1. ________ n. 结合体， 联合体； 联合， 混合→________ vt. & vi. 组合； (使)联合
2. ________ adj. 含奶油的； 像奶油的， 光滑细腻的； 淡黄色的
3. ________ n. 贪婪； 贪心→________ adj. 贪吃的； 贪婪的； 贪心的→________ adv. 贪婪地， 贪心地
4. ________ adj. 轻柔的→________ adv. 轻柔地， 温和地
5. ________ v. 联系， 联想→________ n. 联想， 联系； 协会， 社团； 联合， 交往
6. ________vi. (根据情况)变化， 变更； 相异， 不同 vt. 变更， 改变→________ n. (同一事物)不同种类； 多种样式→________ adj. 各种各样的； 多方面的
7. ________ n. 盐→________ adj. 咸的， 含盐的
8. ________ vt. 解除， 减轻； 缓和， 缓解→________ n. 解除， 减轻； 安慰
9. ________ adj. 安全的→________ n. 安全； 保护措施； 保安部门； 担保， 保证
10. ________ vt. & vi. 使钦佩， 给……留下深刻印象； 使意识到→________ n. 印象， 感想→________ adj. 给人深刻印象的
11. ________ v. 喜爱→________ adj. 可爱的， 讨人喜爱的
12. ________ n. 雾→________ adj. 有雾的， 雾茫茫的
13. ________ vt. & vi. 增加， 扩大； 扩展， 发展(业务)； 详谈， 详述→________ n. 膨胀
14. ________ v. 混合→________ n. 混合物； 混合， 结合
15. ________ v. 强调， 着重→________ n. (pl. ________) 强调， 重视； 重读
16. ________ v. 创造， 创新→________ n. 创造， 创新； 新思想， 新方法
三、重点短语识记
1. ________________ 奏效， 起作用， 达到目的
2. ________________ 迫切需要
3. ________________ 投身于， 热衷于
4. ________________ 好(或美等)得不得了， 非凡， 呱呱叫
四、重点句型应用
1. no matter +疑问词引导的状语从句
________________________, that perfect combination is always enough to lift my spirits. 不管我的心情有多糟, 那种完美的结合总是足以让我振作起来。
2. Not only引导的部分倒装句
________________ is cooking at home cheaper, ________________ I can cook exactly what I want.
在家做饭不仅便宜, 而且我可以做我想做的菜。
3. sb. be believed to do sth. / to have done sth.
________________________ in the late Qing Dynasty as a way for boatmen on the Yangtze River to keep warm during the cold and wet winters.
人们相信, 它们(四川火锅)起源于清末, 当时是长江上的船夫在寒冷潮湿的冬天取暖的一种方式。
Unit 2 The universal language
一、重点单词识记
1. ________ n. 交响乐， 交响曲
2. ________ vt. 值得， 应得
3. ________ adj. 令人愉快的， 可喜的， 友好的， 和善的
4. ________ vi. & vt. 耳语， 低语； 私下说； 沙沙作响 n. 低语， 轻柔的声音； 传言
5. ________ adj. 激动人心的， 引人注目的； 突然的； 戏剧的； 夸张的
6. ________ vi. & vt. 哭泣， 流泪
7. ________ vt. 受到……的极大影响； 克服， 解决； 战胜
8. ________ n. 悲伤， 悲痛； 伤心事
9. ________ adv. 永远， 长久地； 老是
10. ________ adj. 民间的， 民俗的 n. 民间音乐； 人们； 各位； 家人
11. ________ n. 曲调， 曲子 vt. 调音； 调频道； 调整
12. ________ adj. 乡村的， 农村的
13. ________ vt. & n. 保证， 担保； 确保； 为(产品)提供保修； 保修单
14. ________ vi. & n. 流， 流动； 充满； 涨起； 连贯； 涨潮
15. ________ n. 录音， 视频； 录制； 记录， 记载
16. ________ vt. 盯着看， 注视， 凝视 n. 盯， 凝视
17. ________ vt. & vi. 吸引； 抓住； 赶紧， 抓紧
18. ________ vt. & vi. 席卷， 横扫； 打扫； 吹走； 清除 n. 打扫， 清扫
19. ________ adj. 复杂的， 难懂的
20. ________ vi. & vt. 鱼贯而行， 涌动； 流动 n. 小溪； (人)流； 车流
21. ________ adj. 大量的， 辽阔的， 巨大的
22. ________ n. 名誉， 名声
23. ________ adj. 聪颖的， 技艺高的； 巧妙的； 很成功的； 明亮的
24. ________ adj. 难过的， 失望的 vt. 使烦恼； 搅乱； 打翻
25. ________ vt. 中止， 放弃， 不再有； 抛弃； 舍弃
26. ________ adj. 令人振奋的， 鼓舞人心的
27. ________ n. 天赋， 天资； 天才
28. ________ n. 变奏， 变奏曲； 变化， 变更； 变体， 变种
29. ________ n. 合唱曲； 副歌； 合唱团
30. ________ adj. 宏大的， 宏伟的； 壮丽的， 堂皇的
二、核心词汇变形
1. ________ vt. 作曲→________ n. 作曲家
2. ________ v. (使)融合， (使)结合， (使)混合； 兼作； 合并→________n n. (使)融合， (使)结合， (使)混合； 兼作； 合并
3. ________ v. 围绕着→________ adj. 周围的→________ n. 周围； 环境
4. ________ vt. 改编→________ adj. 适应能力非常强的→________ n. 改编本， 改写本； 适应
5. ________ v. 保护， 防御； 辩白 →________e n. 保护
6. ________ n. 评论→________ adj. 非凡的， 奇异的， 显著的， 引人注目的→________ adv. 显著地
7. ________ n. 天赋， 才能→________ adj. 有才华的， 有天赋的
8. ________ v. 预测， 预言→________ n. 预测， 预言
9. ________ vt. 使抑郁， 使沮丧； 使萧条， 使不景气→________ adj. 令人沮丧的→________ adj. 感到沮丧的→________ n. 抑郁症
10. ________ vt. 具有(特质)； 拥有； 支配， 控制→________ n. 财产
11. ________ 容易， 轻易； 舒适， 安逸→________ adj. 容易的
12. ________ adj. 平凡的→________ adj. 不寻常的， 非凡的； 意想不到的， 令人惊奇的
13. ________ adj. 绝望的； 不惜冒险的； 极其需要的； 极严重的 →________ adv. 绝望； 不惜冒险； 极其需要； 极严重
三、重点短语识记
1. ________________ 使(关系密切的人)分离， 分开
2. ________________ 依赖， 依靠； 信任
3. ________________ 奉送， 额外赠送
4. ________________ 作为额外增添
5. ________________ 由……组成(或构成)
6. ________________ 开始做某事， 开始认真注意(或对待)某事
7. ________________ 突然， 猛地
四、重点句型应用
1. as if引导的省略了主语和be的状语从句
When the two lovers, Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai, first meet, the music is light and pleasant, ________________________.
当梁山伯和祝英台这对相爱的人见面时, 音乐轻松悦耳, 仿佛在向观众耳语。
2. 形容词作状语
________________________, Liang falls sick and dies.
又愤怒又悲伤, 梁山伯病倒去世了。
3. as. . . as一样
Life in Nashville is ________________________ I thought it would be. . .
纳什维尔的生活和我想象的一样有趣。
4. It turns out that . . . . 原来……
________________________ country music became popular right here in the south of America in the 1940s and then spread across the nation.
原来乡村音乐在20世纪40年代就在美国南部这里流行起来然后传遍全国。
5. By the time引导时间状语从句
________________________, he had already enjoyed a reputation as a wonderful young musician.
他少年时就已被誉为一名出色的年轻音乐家。
6. 现在分词短语作状语
The music moves through technically difficult sections with ease, ________________________ as a composer.
这首乐曲将技术上棘手的部分处理得轻松自如, 显示出他作为作曲家的天赋。
7. it作形式主语
Although Beethoven was able to continue composing music, ________________________.
作曲还可以继续, 但公开演出对于贝多芬而言越来越艰难了。
Unit 3 The art of painting
一、重点单词识记
1. ________ vi. & vt. 闲逛， 漫步； 走失； 走神； 蜿蜒曲折
2. ________ adj. 想法相同的， 志趣相投的
3. ________ vt. & vi. 在……中具有最重要(或明显)的特色； 支配， 控制； 占有优势； 俯视
4. ________ adj. 鲜明的， 耀眼的； 生动的
5. ________ vt. 陈列， 展出； 显示， 表现 n. 陈列， 展览； 表现； 展示
6. ________ adj. 值得(或应得)……的； 值得尊敬的， 值得注意的
7. ________ n. 阴影部分； 色度； 阴凉处
8. ________ vt. 开始， 发动 n. (通常指按周领的)工资， 工钱
9. ________ n. 建筑设计， 建筑风格； 建筑学
10. ________ n. 吐司， 烤面包片； 干杯， 祝酒 vt. 为……干杯； 烤； 取暖
11. ________ adj. 未经加工的， 自然状态的； 生的， 未烹制的
12. ________ n. 洞悉， 了解； 洞察力， 领悟
13. ________ vi. & vt. (wound, wound)蜿蜒， 迂回； 上发条； 缠绕
14. ________ vi. & vt. (乘船)航行； 起航； 驾驶(船只)； 飘， 掠n. 帆； 乘船航行
15. ________ n. 平民， 老百姓， 庶民
16. ________ n. 建筑物， 结构， 构造； 精心组织
17. ________ adj. 全面的， 综合的 adv. 全部， 总计； 一般来说， 大体上
18. ________ n. (pl. crises)危机， 危急关头； 危难时刻， 病危期
19. ________ n. 衰退， 衰落， 减少， 下降 vi. & vt. 减少， 下降， 衰退， 衰落； 谢绝
20. ________ vt. (overthrew, overthrown)推翻， 打倒n. 推翻， 打倒
21. ________ adj. 优秀的， 杰出的； 突出的， 明显的
22. ________ adj. 稀少的， 罕见的； 稀罕的， 珍贵的
二、核心词汇变形
1. ________ n. 历史；历史学→________ adj. 历史上著名的；有史时期的→________ adj. 历史的；历史学的
2. ________ vt. &n. 展览，展出；显示；展览品→________ n. 展览，展出
3. ________ n. 解放，摆脱 →________ v. 解放， 使自由， 释放
4. ________ vt. & vi. (________, ________)突然想到；撞，碰；打；突击；罢工；划(火柴) n. 罢工；袭击；击，打→________ adj. 醒目的， 打击的， 惊人的
5. ________ adj. 截然不同的；强烈反对的→________ v. 反对， 使对抗， 使对立→________ n. 反对， 相反， 敌对
6. ________ vt. 运用，使用；雇用→________ n. 雇用， 工作， 职业
7. ________ adj. 真的，真正的→________ adv. 真地，真正地 →________ n. 真实，现实→________ adj. 逼真的，栩栩如生的；现实的，实际的；明智的
8. ________ n. 本质，精髓；香精，精油→________ adj. 必要的，本质的，重要的→________ adv. 实质上，本来
9. ________ n. 洗澡，沐浴 →________e vt. 以(光线)洒满，覆盖，使沐浴(在光线里)；用水清洗
10. ________ vt. & vi. 整理，布置；安排，筹备→________ n. 安排； 约定， 非正式协议； 准备工作； 调停
11. ________ adj. 显而易见，明白易懂，显然→________ adv. 显而易见
12. ________ adj. 细致的，精细的；准确的，精确的；恰好的→________ adv. 细致地，精确地
13. ________ adj. 宏大的，艰巨的；有野心的，有雄心的→________ n. 抱负
14. ________ adj. 巨大的，庞大的→________ adv. 巨大地，庞大地
15. ________ adj. 全面的，详尽的；综合性的→________ adv. 完全地，彻底地→________ n. 理解，包含
16. ________ n. 批评家，评论家；批评者，挑剔的人
→________ v. 批评； 苛求； 批判→________ adj. 批评的， 危险的， 决定性的； 临界的→________ adv. 批判性地
17. ________v. 检查； 检阅； 审查； 视察 →________ n. 检查，查看，审视；视察
18. ________ vt. 揭露，揭穿；暴露，显露；使遭受；使接触→________ n. 暴露， 揭露， 揭发
19. ________ n. 政治→________ adj. 政治的，政府的，政权的，政党的，党派的→________ adv. 政治上的→________ n. 政客，政治家
三、重点短语识记
1. ________________ (表示对比)而，相对于
2. ________________ 各行各业，社会各界
3. ________________ 忙于做某事，继续做某事
4. ________________ 由……引起(或造成)
5. ________________ 凭自身的资格(或努力)
6. ________________ 充分说明，清楚表明
四、重点句型应用
1. even though引导的让步状语从句
________________________, nothing could have prepared me for the wonder I felt when I finally laid eyes on the real thing.
尽管我曾在电脑屏幕上无数次地欣赏过它们, 但当我最终看到真正的东西时, 我所感受到的惊奇之情是无法阻止的。
2. every time 引导的时间状语从句
It is amazing that ________________________, he brought the pond’s beauty to the canvas in a unique way.
令人惊奇的是, 每次莫奈研究这个简单的场景时, 他都以一种独特的方式把池塘的美带到了画布上。
3. It is believed that. . .
________________________ (present-day Kaifeng), the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty.
人们通常认为, 画中描绘的城市是汴京(今天的开封), 即北宋的都城。
4. 现在分词作伴随状语
The first section presents a peaceful scene of rural life near Bianjing, ________________________.
第一部分展现了汴京城外平静的乡村生活场景, 重点描绘了农田、蜿蜒而过的河流和辛勤劳作的农民。
5. see的宾语补足语
Here, hundreds of people from all walks of life, including butchers, hairdressers and government officials, ________________________.
在这里, 我们能看到数以百计各行各业的人都在忙着各自的营生, 有肉贩、有理发师、还有官差。
6. such放在句首的倒装句
________________________ several later emperors even asked the most talented artists of their day to make copies of the scroll.
其价值之高, 以至于后世有多位皇帝命令当朝最有才华的画家临摹这幅长卷。
Unit 4 Exploring poetry
一、重点单词识记
1. ________ vt. 含有……的意思，暗示，暗指
2. ________ n. 方面，侧面； 规模，程度； 维
3. ________ n. 理解，领会； 抓紧，握紧，控制； 能力所及vt. 抓紧； 领会，理解
4. ________ n. 押韵词，押韵vt. 使押韵 vi. 和……同韵
5. ________ adj. 复杂的，难懂的 n. 建筑群； 复合体； 情结
6. ________ n. 线索，提示； 迹象
7. ________ vt. 把(动物)关在笼中n. 笼子
8. ________ adv. 到旁边，在旁边； 留，存； 除……以外
9. ________ adj. 偏远的，偏僻的； 遥远的，久远的； 远亲的
10. ________ vt. 奖励，奖赏 n. 奖励，回报； 悬赏金
11. ________ adj. 内心的，隐藏的； 里面的，内部的
12. ________ vt. 注意到，意识到，将……理解为，将……视为
13. ________ n. 理想； 典范 adj. 完美的，理想的
14. ________ adj. 死板的，僵硬的； 固执的，僵化的
15. ________ vt. (underwent, undergone)经历，经受
16. ________ vt. 拥护，支持，提倡 n. 拥护者，支持者； 辩护律师
17. ________ n. 区，行政区； 地区，区域
18. ________ vi. & vt. (bent， bent)(使)拐弯，弯曲n. 拐弯，弯道
19. ________ n. 声明，宣称； 所有权； 索赔 vt. 宣称，声称，要求； 索取； 获得
20. ________ adv. 因此，由此
21. ________ vi. & vt. 敢于，胆敢； 激(某人做某事)
22. ________ adj. 众多的，许多的
23. ________ vt. 偶然碰到，意外地遇见； 遭遇，碰到n. 相遇，遭遇，冲突
24. ________ vt. 培养，助长； 抚养，滋养
25. ________ n. (贸易和经济活动的)激增，繁荣 vi. 迅速发展，激增，繁荣昌盛
26. ________ n. 生命力，活力，热情
27. ________ vt. & vi. 成为……的特征，使有别于； 区分，辨别； 认出； 使出众
28. ________ vt. (cast, cast)投射； 向……投以(视线、笑容等)； 投，抛； 选派角色n. 全体演员； 投，抛
29. ________ vt. 欠(情)； 欠(债)
30. ________ n. 人情债，情义，恩情； 借款，欠款，债务
31. ________ vt. (usually passive)给……命名； 使享有权利，使符合资格
32. ________ vt. 把……归咎于，责怪，指责 n. 责任，责备，指责
33. ________ n. 津贴，补助； 限额； 零花钱
二、核心词汇变形
1. ________ v. 冰冻；(使)冻结，结冰；(使)冻住，冻堵；严寒→________ adj. 结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的；冻僵的→________ adj. 极冷的；冰冻的；冰点以下的
2. ________ vt. 发现，查明，侦察出→________ n. 探测器；检测器
3. ________ v. 反驳；驳斥；批驳；相矛盾；相抵触；相反→________ adj. 互相矛盾的，对立的
4. ________ vt. 解释，阐释；把……理解为，领会；演绎 vi. 口译→________ n. 口译工作者；口译译员
5. ________ adj. 耐心的 n. 患者→________ n. 耐心，忍耐力
6. ________ adj. 不断的；连续发生的→________ adv. 始终，一直
7. ________ n. 逻辑；逻辑学；思维方式→________ adj. 符合逻辑的；必然的，合乎情理的→________ adv. 逻辑上；合乎逻辑地
8. ________ adj. 真正的；真实的；真的；实际存在的→________ n. 现实，实际情况；事实，实际经历
9. ________ n. 薄雾，水汽→________ adj. 模糊的；多雾的；不明晰的
10. ________ n. 小说→________n. 小说家
11. ________ n. 工业→________ adj. 工业的→________ v. (使)工业化→________ n. 工业化
12. ________ n. 看法，信念；信仰；相信，信心→________ v. 相信
13. ________ vt. &vi. 突然想到；撞，碰；打；突击；罢工；划(火柴)n. 罢工；袭击；击；打→________ adj. 引人注目的，显著的；妩媚动人的，标致的
三、重点短语识记
1. ________________ 发现，搜集，查明
2. ________________ 把……放一边；留出
3. ________________ 与某事终止关联，破除
4. ________________ 体谅；考虑到，估计到
四、重点句型应用
1. even if引导状语从句
________________________, you can always say something about how the poem sounds when you read it aloud.
即使你无法理解诗歌的真正含义, 也总可以说出这首诗在朗读时听起来如何。
2. as long as引导状语从句
________________________________________________, it will have been worth your effort.
只要读诗之旅能让你有所感悟, 或者让你领悟到另一层含义, 你的努力就是值得的。
3. Given. . . 考虑到……
________________________, it is only natural to see that the majority of Li Bai’s poems are characterized by the romantic style.
鉴于他的个人经历和历史背景, 李白多数作品皆富浪漫主义色彩就不足为奇了。
4. 完全倒装句
________________________ Li Bai’s free expression of strong feelings, which breathes vitality into the lifeless objects he describes, and which distinguishes him from other landscape poets.
同样让人印象深刻的是李白强烈情感的自由抒发, 这为他笔下的无生命物体注入了生机, 也让他有别于其他山水诗人。
一、根据汉语意思或者首字母提示填写单词
1. The decision was based on ________(情感) rather than rational thought.
2. The medical team sent to the disaster-stricken area c________ of hundreds of doctors and nurses.
3. Charles, ________(受到……极大影响) with tiredness, slept in his clothes, sitting in an armchair with his head dropped.
4. I can give you a rough e________(估计) of the amount of wood you will need.
5. The pill was so b________ that the boy spat it out immediately.
6. I was ________(闲逛) through the streets when I caught sight of a tailor’s shop.
7. Traditional works of art from different provinces are being ________(展览) at the culture show of the Shanghai World Expo.
8. Don’t b________ the boy for the mistake. He is only 8 years old after all.
9. New employees of the company have been u________ training in recent weeks.
10. Winning the match was just a r________ for the effort the team had made.
二、单句语法填空
1. When the food was served, the hungry boy ate it ________(greedy).
2. The little girl aged six left a deep impression ________ me.
3. The book on Chinese cuisine was published in ________(associate) with a local company.
4. His being crazy about playing basketball is associated ________ his father’s influence when he was a child.
5.(2023-2024学年广东省麻涌，塘厦，七中，济川四校高一下学期5月期中联考)When he woke up in the hospital, he found himself ________(surround) by doctors and nurses.
6.(2023-2024学年高一下·福建三明·期中)Surrounded by a lot of green trees and flowers, the village has beautiful ________(surround).
7.(2023-2024学年高一上·广东茂名·期末)Being used to working in a difficult condition helps him adapt ________ different kinds of weather.
8. As I know, he would not be suited ________ the job.
9. If you are enthusiastic about literature and eager to share your views on literary works, then our club is ________(suit) for you.
10. Ludwig van Beethoven is regarded as one of the greatest ________(compose) in the history of music.
三、重点短语完成句子
rely on, tear apart, get down to, do the trick, cry out for,
go about take off, speak volumes about, as opposed to, stick to
1. From my experience, ten to twenty hours’ practice can probably ________.
2. As far as I’m concerned, your teacher is someone that you can ________.
3. Most businesses are not willing to ________ last year’s model of success and build a new one.
4. I won’t put up with any more of your nonsense—now ________ work.
5. The city has been seriously destroyed and is ________ money to be rebuilt.
6. His business began to ________ after he had put many new products into the market.
7. Green ________ red means safety; it is the color of free passage in road traffic.
8. Every day he is ________ his business; in other words, he is busy every day.
9. The sad truth is that most of us have been brought up to eat certain junk food and we ________ them all our lives.
10. Your behavior will ________ your ambition and character.
应用文写作和读后续写高级句式填空
1.(演讲稿)事实上，这意味着如果你真的下定决心要做某事，不管有多难，永远不要放弃。(no matter +疑问
词引导的状语从句)
In fact，it means that if you are really resolved to do something, ________________________, never give up.
2.(读后续写之环境描写)刺骨的寒风如狼一般怒吼，使得黑暗更加令人窒息(suffocating) (现在分词作状语)
The bone-chilling wind howled like a wolf, ________________________.
3.(读后续写之情感细节描写)我坚定而自豪地拿出自己的钱递给爸爸。(形容词短语作状语)
________________________, I took out my own money and handed it to Dad.
4.(读后续写之心理描写)当我看到拖拉机开向高速公路时，我的心都僵在胸口了。我拼命地跑，但没能赶上。(see 的宾语补足语)
My heart froze in my chest as I ________________________ the motorway.I ran desperately but failed to catch up.
5.(人物介绍)每次我在学习或生活中遇到一些问题，她总是鼓励我勇敢地克服这些困难。(every time)
________________________ in my study or life, she always encourages me to overcome the difficulties bravely.
6.(人物介绍)正是在她好心的帮助和耐心的指导下，我提高了我的英语水平。(强调句)
________________________ I improved my English.
7.(应用文之倡议书)我们相信，通过我们的共同努力，我们会创造一个更美丽的世界。(It＋be＋过去分词＋that...)
________________________ we can create a more beautiful world.
一、阅读理解
A
(23-24高一下·河南郑州·阶段练习)A broken heart and a sad ending to a long friendship. That’s something most of us have experienced, or probably will. After all, it’s part of human life. But the experience can be hard to get over.
But research shows there are pathways through the heartache. Listening to sad music is a major one. It can help you begin to feel joy and hopefulness about your life again. It can arouse(激起) the desire to connect with others.
Sad music can help heal(治愈) and uplift you from your broken heart. A recent study from Germany found the emotional influence of listening to sad music is an arousal of feelings of empathy(同情), and a desire for positive connection with others. That, itself, is psychologically healing. It draws you away from concentration on yourself, and possibly towards helping others in need of comfort.
Another experiment, from the University of Kent, found that when people were experiencing sadness, listening to music that was “beautiful but sad” improved their mood. In fact, it did so when the person first consciously accept the situation causing their sadness, and then began listening to the sad music. That is, when they intended that the sad music might help, they found that it did.
These findings link with other studies that show accepting your sad situation emotionally leads to healing and growth beyond it. It seems unbelievable but it does make sense. For example, research from Cornell University
found that accepting discomfort about a life experience or new situation, and viewing it as a step towards growth and change, encourages people to find a pathway through it, beyond it. As Churchill famously said, “If you’re going through hell, keep going.” That discomfort points you towards creating a plan, a new action. It brings hope.
1. What can we learn from Paragraph 3& amp;4
A. Sad music can make people help others.
B. Sad music can make sad people feel better.
C. Sad music can make people believe in themselves.
D. Sad music can make people concentrate on themselves.
2. What does the phrase underlined in the last paragraph mean
A. Hearing a swear word used by enemies. B. Avoiding a place to go after death.
C. Getting an extremely pleasant time. D. Having an unbearable experience.
3. How does the author develop this article
A. By listing figures. B. By giving directions.
C. By presenting research findings. D. By comparing examples.
4. Which of the following can be the best title for the article
A. How to Find Pathways through Heartaches
B. How We React to a Broken Heart Matters a Lot
C. What We Can Do to Overcome Discomfort in Life
D. Why Listening to Sad Music Heals Your Broken Heart
B
(23-24高一下·重庆·期中)Where is the line between art and advertising A large painting in Conway, New Hampshire, has led to a zoning(分区) conflict, a First Amendment legal action and a local vote.
It started with a high school art project to paint a picture on a building in the town. The building houses a store called Leavitt’s Country Bakery. The picture shows the sun shining over mountains of cakes found in bakeries.
This leads to the town zoning board getting involved. It decided that the painting was more advertising than art. Officials said that, as an advertisement, the sign was too big. Its size broke town rules. The board ordered the sign be removed or changed. Bakery owner Sean Young faced possible fines if he did not follow the order. So, he decided to fight it in court. Young’s legal action charges the town of Conway of violating his right to free speech, guaranteed in the U. S. Constitution(宪法).
“They said it would be art elsewhere,” Young told The Associated Press. “It’s just not art here.”
Many, including the zoning board members, liked the students’ work. But they said rules must be followed. At about 8.6 square meters, the mural(壁画) is four times bigger than zoning rules permit for advertising signs.
Then, last week, residents voted against changes to the rules. The lawsuit(诉讼) argues that the town’s definition of “sign” is very general and its zoning rules do not include the word “mural”.
Board member Luigi Bartolomeo said he thinks the painting at the bakery is art, not advertising. “I think it’s a very badly written piece of code here,” said Bartolomeo. But Board Chairperson John Colbath said the board has
to work with the rule, which was approved by voters. He argues that the mural would likely be seen-as art, and not advertising, if its subject did not represent the products found at Leavitt’s.
5. Why did the zoning board view the picture as an advertisement
A. It was bigger than the permitted size in the town rules.
B. The shining sun made it more eye-catching in the town.
C. Cakes sold in the store were painted on the large sign.
D. The Bakery owner desired it would help him earn money.
6. What led Young to take legal action
A. He was seeking financial freedom. B. He wanted to bring attention to a larger issue.
C. He was personally threatened by the town’s actions. D. He believed his rights had been unfairly denied.
7. What can you infer from John Colbath’s words
A. The mural is an advertisement rather than art.
B. The mural should be displayed regardless of the rule.
C. The subject didn’t show the products at Leavitt’s.
D. The piece of code here is badly written.
8. What is the suitable title for the text
A. Will the Court Regard the Picture as Art B. Is the Picture Mural Art or Advertising
C. Should the Right to Freedom Violate Rules D. How to Solve the Conflict between Art and Ads
二、完形填空
(23-24高一下·浙江杭州·期中)Since the age of three, Chelsie Hill had dreamed of becoming a dancer. That ambition 1 ended one night in 2010. Hill, then a 17-year-old high school senior was in a car accident that put her in the 2 for 51 days and left her paralyzed(瘫痪的) from the waist down. For most people, that would have killed any hope of a dancing career. For Hill, however, it was the 3 . “I wanted to prove that I was still ‘ 4 ,’” she said. That word for her meant dancing, so Hill did it in her 5 . “I have to move with my hands. It definitely took much learning and 6 .”
After graduation, Hill wanted to expand her dance network to 7 women like her. She met people who had suffered disabilities but 8 her determination, and she invited them to dance with her. In 2014 Hill formed a team of dancers with disabilities she calls the Rollettes. “I want to 9 the stereotype(成见) of wheelchair users and show that dance is dance, whether you’re walking or you’re 10 .” she said. Dancing on wheels can be just as artful and fulfilling. In disabled dance competitions, they’re 11 , and as the audiences’ excited reactions indicate, the happiness is contagious(传染的).
Hill is a real 12 . She has achieved her childhood 13 . Every year she holds a dance camp for wheelchair users. For many, it was the first time they’d felt they 14 . A girl once told her it was the most 15 thing when she rolled into a room and everyone was at eye level.
1. A. finally B. nearly C. gradually D. merely
2. A. church B. theatre C. school D. hospital
3. A. beginning B. peak C. warning D. lesson
4. A. strong B. healthy C. normal D. talented
5. A. mind B. wheelchair C. bed D. studio
6. A. grace B. luck C. patience D. passion
7. A. include B. save C. honor D. protect
8. A. lost B. shared C. needed D. hid
9. A. get through B. pass on C. break down D. stick to
10. A. crawling B. running C. dancing D. rolling
11. A. having fun B. seeking help C. making an effort D. taking a risk
12. A. chief B. coach C. dancer D. director
13. A. record B. standard C. victory D. dream
14. A. understood B. belonged C. succeeded D. grew
15. A. empowering B. interesting C. disappointing D. embarrassing
三、七选五
(23-24高一下·湖北武汉·期中)Poetry plays with sounds, words and grammar. 1 . Poetry uses colors, feelings, experiences, and images to paint a picture in your mind.
In Chinese classical poetry, the form is very important: the correct number of lines and the number of characters in each line. Poetry often follows special patterns of rhythm and rhyme. However, modern poets began to reject traditional structures for poetry in the 20th century. 2
During the Tang Dynasty, poems by Li Bai and Du Fu became very popular. Li Bai wrote poems celebrating things such as friendship, nature, and wine while Du’s most famous poems reflect on the effects of war on the people.
3 Americans were first introduced to classical Chinese poetry by American poet Ezra Pound (1885-1973). He translated 18 classical Chinese poems, mainly by Li Bai, into English. 4 From around 1910 onwards, European literature came to China when some famous writers began to translate both poetry and novels into Chinese.
Just like readers in the West, Chinese readers admire Shakespeare, John Milton and many others for their fine English poetry. The nature poems by William Wordsworth, Ode to the West Wind by Percy Bysshe Shelley, George Gordon Byron’s Isles of Greece, and long poems by John Keats have long been favourites.
Today, many Chinese people are becoming more interested in reading poems, no matter in what language they are written. 5 No matter how well a poem is translated, something of the spirit of the original work is lost.
A. Consequently, modern poems are totally different in styles and structures.
B. Translations can be good, but reading in the original language is better.
C. At about the same time, Chinese writers started reading more foreign poetry.
D. Outside of Asia, the study of Chinese introduced the West to Chinese poetry.
E. That makes poetry difficult to write but interesting to read.
F. So only reading in the original language can really help to get the works’ spirit.
G. As a result, most poetry today is written more freely, with lines of varying length.
