2024届山东省实验中学高三下学期5月第二次模拟考试英语试题（含答案）

山东省实验中学2024届高三第二次模拟考试
英语试题
（本试卷共10页，共三部分；全卷满分120分，考试用时100分钟）
注意事项：
1.答卷前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题纸上。
2.本试卷满分120分，分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
3.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
4.非选择题的作答：用0.5mm黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
On-campus Meal Plans
Our on-campus dining prides itself on providing nutritious food choices to meet the wide variety of dietary needs within our community. Our meal plans offer the highest quality food and create opportunities for students to engage in academic and lively discussions over meals with each munity is one of the great reasons why students in residence halls are required to have a meal plan. While students are automatically signed up in the Blue Plan, three meal plans are available to meet your needs.
Available plans
Three meal plans are available and our meal plans are made up of two components:
● Meal Credits: Any unused meal credits at the diníng halls will run out on Saturday at midnight each week and reset for the upcoming week. Meal credits can only be used by the meal plan holder.
● Flex Dollars: Flex dollars can be used to pay for anyone, such as family, friends, or guests.
Current Plan Upgrade Options
Plans Blue Plan Gold Plan Ultimate Plan
Meal Credits 12 meal credits per week 18 meal credits per week Unlimited meal credits per week
Flex Dollars 600 flex dollars 1,200 flex dollars 2,000 flex dollars
Cost Included in your Housing Contract + $ 350 per year + $ 950 per year
Upgrades and changes
Want more flexibility to meet your needs Upgrade and maximize your plan. Simply fill out the On-campus Meal Plan Change Form during the limited change period:
Fall: March 1 — September 14
Spring: December 2 — February 8
1. What is a benefit for students to have a meal plan
A. Simplifying dining process.
B. Boosting social connections.
C. Ensuring access to delicious food.
D. Maximizing profit for dining services.
2. How much do you pay to upgrade the Gold Plan
A. $ 350 per year. B. $ 600 per year. C. $ 950 per year. D. $ 1,200 per year.
3. When can students request changes to their meal plans
A. Jan. 24. B. Feb. 21. C. Sept. 18. D. Oct. 3.
B
I received my architectural training in Italy, earning a traditional degree that didn’t involve working with Computer - Aided Design （CAD）. However, my journey with computers began through my passion for music, using sound sampling systems, which catch the “sound reality” of an instrument, and also computer-assisted music composition systems. Little did I know that this exploration would greatly influence my approach to computer science and AI in the years to come.
Self-taught in computer science during my architectural studies, I sought opportunities to specialize further. Ultimately, my journey led me to a pioneering laboratory in Marseille, France, known for its groundbreaking work in computer science applied to architecture. Surrounded by a community of innovators, I improved my skills to explore the transformative power of technology in preserving cultural heritage.
In 2019, the world watched in horror as Notre Dame de Paris（巴黎圣母院） was consumed in flames. Determined to contribute to the restoration efforts, I took the lead in developing a digital ecosystem for the restoration operation. We developed groundbreaking AI tools generating 3D representations from photographs. By tracking the position and shape of voussoirs（拱石）, and digitizing them from photographs, we were able to use the fine geometric information of the voussoirs to reconstruct the arch, thus giving valuable information to the architects about the structure, the exact geometry, and especially about constructive details of the oldest areas of the church from the 13th century. Notably, AI played a pivotal role in the process.
As the restoration project progresses, the AI-driven preservation continues to advance. This knowledge will definitely serve as raw material to be used for AI systems, for example, for studies that can be extended to other buildings. Today, the restoration project is in an extremely advanced state. We hope to complete the restoration work before the 2024 Paris Olympics, so that this architectural masterpiece can regain its former glory.
4. What led the author to computer science initially
A. Composing music with CAD.
B. Exploring computers for music.
C. Studying for a degree in architecture.
D. Developing sound sampling systems.
5. What is the third paragraph mainly about
A. The application of AI in restoration.
B. The structure of Notre Dame de Paris.
C. The destruction of Notre Dame de Paris.
D. The development of AI digital ecosystem.
6. What does the underlined word “pivotal” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Secondary. B. Independent.
C. Discouraging. D. Crucial.
7. What is the author’s attitude towards the AI-drive n preservation
A. Indifferent. B. Skeptical. C. Optimistic. D. Objective.
C
Looking up at the sky during early spring, you may see groups of birds moving as they migrate（迁徙） north. But how do these creatures fly in such a cooperative and seemingly effortless fashion
“The answer lies in aerodynamics（空气动力学）,” reports a team of scientists from NewYork University （NYU） in a newly published study. They also found that the impact of aerodynamics depends on the size of the flying group — benefiting small groups and disturbing large ones.
To mimic（模仿） the flying patterns of birds, in which they line up one directly behind the other, the researchers created mechanized wings. They were 3D-printed from plastic and driven by motors to move in water, which showed how air flows around bird wings and how they interact during flight. For smaller groups, the researchers discovered an effect by which each member gets help from the aerodynamics in holding its position relative to its neighbors. For larger groups, however, these flying interactions cause later members to be thrown out of position, causing a breakdown of the flying patterns due to crashes among members.
The researchers then used mathematical modeling to better understand the underlying forces. It indicates that the interactions between neighbors are spring-like forces. However, these “springs” act in only one direction — a lead bird can apply force on its followers, but not the other way around. “The spring-like forces move the members back and forth and then travel down the group and increase in intensity, causing later members to crash together,” explains Leif Ristroph, an associate professor at New York University.
“This area of research is important since animals are known to take advantage of the flows to save on the energy or to reduce drag or resistance,” explains Leif Ristroph. “Our work may also have applications in transportation — like efficient speeding through air or water — and energy, such as more effectively harvesting power from wind or waves.”
8. What is the major focus of the NYU researchers’ study on birds
A. The migration patterns of birds.
B. The flying routes in early spring.
C. The benefits of smaller bird grouping.
D. The aerodynamic effects on bird groups.
9. How do flying interactions affect smaller groups of birds
A. They lead to a breakdown.
B. They disturb the formation.
C. They help each member in position.
D. They cause crashes among members.
10. Why does the author mention “springs” in paragraph 4
A. To make a contrast. B. To explain a principle.
C. To put forward a theory. D. To present new evidence.
11. According to Leif Ristroph, what might be a potential application of this research
A’. Relieving public traffic jams. B. Improving harvest of solar energy.
C. Changing migration routes of birds. D. Decreasing air resistance of planes.
D
The ban on cigarette advertising in the early 1970s in the United States serves as a fascinating case study in the field of public health campaigns and their unintended consequences. Despite the government’s intention to discourage smoking and reduce related health risks, the ban led to an unexpected outcome: an increase in cigarette sales for the major tobacco companies,
The reason for this unexpected outcome can be traced to the principles of game theory, particularly the prisoner’s dilemma paradox（悖论）. Just as in the prisoner’s dilemma, where cooperation leads to the best outcome for both parties, the tobacco companies would benefit collectively if none of them advertised. This action would create fairness in competition, ensuring that no individual company gains an edge by advertising.
However, the dilemma arises when considering the potential actions of competitors. If one tobacco company decides to ignore the ban and advertise its products, it stands to gain a significant market share and increased sales compared to its non-advertising competitors. This creates a situation where each company faces the urge to advertise, fearing that their competitors may do the same and leave them at a disadvantage.
In the end, most tobacco companies decided to play it safe and invested in advertising, despite the ban, to avoid being left behind in the competitive landscape. This strategic decision reflects the uncertainty and strategic considerations that shape business decisions, even in the face of regulations aimed at public health goals.
This application of game theory provides valuable insight into the complexities of influencing human behavior through policy interventions. While well-intended efforts such as advertising bans may seem straightforward in theory, the realities of strategic decision-making and competitive dynamics often lead to unforeseen outcomes. As such, understanding the complexities of game theory can provide valuable insight for policymakers seeking to design more effective interventions and address complex societal challenges.
12. What is a direct result of the ban in the 1970s
A. Cut in tax income.
B. Rise in tobacco sales.
C. Reduction in health risks.
D. Cooperation of companies.
13. It benefits all competitors in the prisoner’s dilemma if they ______.
A. trust each other and follow the regulations
B. act independently and pursue their own interests
C. increase their market share at the expense of others
D. ignore competition and focus on their own strategies
14. Why do most tobacco companies finally choose to advertise
A. To avoid intense competition.
B. To achieve public health goals.
C. To gain a competitive advantage.
D. To shape better business images.
15. What can be a suitable title for the passage
A. A Failed Prison Break B. A Ban with Good Intention
C. A Policy to Boost Public Health D. A Cigarette Ban Ends in Smoke
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Short-form videos, also known as Shorts, have gained great popularity, particularly on platforms like TikTok and Instagram Reels. 16 However, there’s a growing concern that watching too many Shorts can affect children’s brains.
The phenomenon known as “TikTok Brain” arises from the app’s short and addictive videos. Similar to candy, these videos generate rapid dopamine（多巴胺） releases, stimulating the brain’s pleasure center. A study was conducted to investigate the impact of Shorts on the teenage brains. 17 They stimulated the brain’s reward centers more intensely than random videos.
Our brains process visual information faster than text, which explains why videos tend to outperform text-based content online. Due to their underdeveloped reading skills, children are more easily to become addicted to visual stimuli. Remarkably, social media platforms can do a lot harm to the development of reading habits among younger users. 18
According to Jessica Griffin, a professor of child psychology, Shorts affect the developing brains of children and teenagers. The prefrontal cortex（前额叶皮质） is responsible for attention, self-control, memory, and learning flexibility. 19 This delayed development makes young individuals more easily influenced by Shorts.
In conclusion, the constant exposure to fast-paced and stimulating content in Shorts can impact children’s attention. To address this issue, parents can have open conversations with their children about the potential risks. 20 Furthermore, encouraging physical activities and outdoor experiences is also crucial to develop a balance d lifestyle.
A. Some even do not include text at all.
B. TikTok’s feed is created addictive by design.
C. But it does not fully mature until around the age of 25.
D. It is helpful to use screen time management tools for Shorts.
E. Short-term memory and the ability to concentrate are affected.
F. It revealed that these videos are personalized, selected and fed to users.
G. They’re brief attention-grabbing videos that can be entertaining and addictive.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In a world filled with misconceptions about happiness, I was one of those people who 21 that happiness lay in big things, like a big house, a fancy car, a steady career and so on. But life had a 22 in store for me.
One weekend, my husband, Alex, 23 me to make some creme brulee（焦糖布丁）. Excited by the idea, I 24 and set out to create the delicious dessert. As we sat down for dinner, I 25 served the creamy masterpiece I had prepared. To my surprise, Alex reached into his pocket and magically 26 a delicate spoon with a small bear on it, which is my 27 decoration — I have a lot of bear things around the house. With a twinkle in his eyes, he handed the spoon to me, 28 it as my special spoon for creme brulee — just for me.
During the dinner, I was happy. And he, after 29 the creme brulee, was also happy. In that moment, I realized that the truest form of happiness lies in the 30 moments and contentment.
We started to appreciate the simple joys in life. We took 31 in parks, cooked meals together, and shared laughter in face of challenges. As time went on, the bear spoon became a 32 of our love. It reminded us to 33 the everyday moments and to appreciate the beauty of 34 . True happiness isn’t a destination to be 35 but a state of mind to be cultivated.
21. A. doubted B. believed C. proved D. imagined
22. A. joke B. story C. surprise D. challenge
23. A. asked B. instructed C. ordered D. persuaded
24. A. hesitated B. complained C. refused D. agreed
25. A. cautiously B. proudly C. shyly D. finally
26. A. made up B. picked out C. pulled out D. put away
27. A. unique B. charming C. priceless D. favorite
28. A. regarding B. claiming C. insisting D. promoting
29. A. finishing B. preparing C. serving D. watching
30. A. breathtaking B. significant C. grand D. small
31. A. walks B. chances C. notes D. risks
32. A. record B. signal C. symbol D. reward
33. A. avoid B. treasure C. dismiss D. encounter
34. A. nature B. diversity C. kindness D. simplicity
35. A. chosen B. reached C. discovered D. judged
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The city of Tianshui, in Northwest China’s Gansu Province, is experiencing a tourism boom 36 （fuel） by its signature dish, the malatang hotpot. 37 （feature） a mix of vegetables, meats and seafood boiled in a peppery soup, it has become an unexpected Internet hit, drawing visitors from across China. Tianshui 38 （welcome） 7.54 million tourists since the start of last month, generating tourism profit of 4.37 billion yuan.
A photo of a 39 （visible） exhausted Haiying Malatang staff member went viral online, causing a heated discussion 40 increasing its popularity. According to Ha Haiying, the owner of the restaurant, it is the flavor and affordability 41 contribute to Tianshui malatang’s success.
However, the 42 （spice） delight isn’t the only draw. The increase in malatang 43 （consume） has led to a corresponding rise in visitors to Tianshui’s key attractions,including the Maijishan Grottoes （石窟）, 44 UNESCO World Heritage Site, and a temple dedicated to Fuxi.
Tianshui’s local government is taking steps to solidify its position 45 a tourist destination, such as producing convenient seasoning packets so that visitors can recreate the genuine Tianshui malatang at home.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
为庆祝世界旅游日，让世界了解中国，你校英文报将以“中国魅力城市”为主题，举办征文比赛，请你选择一个中国旅游城市并写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：
1.推荐城市；
2.推荐理由。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Charming Tourist City in China
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On a sunny Friday morning, Mr. Stone, the Grade 4 head teacher, walked into the classroom with a new student following him. She was a lively girl from Mexico, and her red mushroom haircut immediately drew everyone’s eyes. With a welcoming smile, Mr. Stone gestured for her to sit beside Mike, a student known for teasing others.
During break time, Mike couldn’t help but laugh when he caught sight of his new deskmate. Sara’s distinctive hairstyle seemed like an open invitation for him to make fun of her. Leaning in towards Sara, he playfully suggested, “Hey, Sara. Ever thought about changing your name to Dora You look just like Dora the Explorer!” His words caused laughter and cheers from the others in the classroom.
Sara’s eyes filled with tears, her cheeks turning red with embarrassment. Feeling hurt and upset, she stood up suddenly, rushing to the teacher’s office to seek support from Mr. Stone. After hearing her story, Mr. Stone offered her gentle comfort, saying, “Sara, your hairstyle is truly pretty. Remember, everyone has their own sense of beauty.”
Mr. Stone then directed his attention to Mike, expressing his disappointment and urging Mike to apologize to Sara. “Mike,” he continued, “your actions were unkind. We must treat everyone with empathy （同情）. Laughing at Sara’s hair has deeply hurt her.”
This conflict was temporarily settled, but Mr. Stone found himself lost in thought. Reflecting on his own childhood, Mr. Stone recalled how he had been teased for being overweight. The pain caused by hurtful words was like wrinkles on a crumpled（压皱的） ball of paper. Even if you smoothed them out, the wrinkles stayed.
He wanted to teach an important lesson to Mike, the troublemaker. Then, a unique strategy came to mind. He contacted Mike’s mother, explaining the situation and discussing a plan with her to develop empathy in her son. They agreed that over the weekend, Mike’s mother would arrange for Mike to have his hair cut extremely short.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
On Monday morning, Mike unwillingly approached the classroom.At that moment, Mr. Stone walked into the classroom with a ball of paper.
山东省实验中学2024届高三第二次模拟考试
英语试题
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
1-3 BBA 4-7 BADC 8-11DCBD 12-15 BACD 16-20 GFACD
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
21-25 BCADB 26-30CDBAD 31-35 ACBDB
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
36. fueled/fuelled 37. Featuring 38. has welcomed 39. visibly 40. and
41. that 42. spicy 43. consumption 44. a 45. as
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
[参考范文]
A Charming Tourist City in China
To celebrate the World Tourism Day and let the world know China, I am thrilled to introduce one of China’s most charming tourist cities — Jinan.
Located in Shandong Province and known as the “City of Springs”, Jinan has over 70 springs, which create serene lakes and streams. The Qianfo Mountain rises above the city, its ancient temples witnessing centuries of heritage, while the Baotu Spring Park features traditional Chinese gardens with delicate pavilions and bridges. What truly makes Jinan a charming destination, though, is the warmth and kindness of the local people.
With its harmonious mix of natural beauty, cultural heritage, and hospitality, Jinan stands out as a truly attractive city worth discovering.
第二节（满分25分）
[参考范文]
On Monday morning, Mike unwillingly approached the classroom. Feeling nervous and embarrassed, his heart was heavy with worry that his classmates would tease him. His hair had been cut so short that the skin under the hair was nearly visible. As he stepped through the door, the room erupted in giggles, nicknaming him “Baldy.” A few curious boys came up and attempted to touch his newly shaved head. Overwhelmed by shame and anger, Mike shouted out, “You are mean!” Tears welled up in his eyes as Mike stood up and ran towards the door.
At that moment, Mr. Stone walked into the classroom with a ball of paper. With a gentle pat on Mike’s shoulder, he guided him back to his seat. As Mr. Stone made his way to the platform, the room fell silent. Holding up the crumpled ball of paper, he began to smooth out its wrinkles. “Each fold represented a scar of hurtful words. Even when we try to apologize,” Mr. Stone explained softly, “the wounds remain. Let us always speak with kindness and warmth.” From that day on, Mike learned a valuable lesson: the importance of kindness and empathy.