2024年高二英语译林版2020选择性必修第三册Unit1&Unit2复习
核心考点聚焦
1、第一和第二单元的重要单词讲解（单词词义、词性变形、用法搭配、例句展示和题目运用）
2、第一和第二单元的短语汇总（多半考察短语中的介词搭配）
3、第一和第二单元的基础运用（词汇适当形式填空、单句语法填空、选词填空、课文内容填空）
高考考点聚焦
常考考点 真题举例
限制性定语从句 2023全国甲卷 2022新高考全国I卷 2022年全国甲卷 2021全国卷乙卷 2021北京高考卷
非限制性定语从句 2022北京高考卷
主语从句 2023全国卷II 2022北京高考卷 2021新高考全国I卷 2021北京高考卷
一、第一单元的重要单词讲解
【单词讲解1】unfold v.(使)展开；打开；展示；透露
【变形】fold v.折叠
【例句】She unfolded her arms. 她张开双臂。
She unfolded her tale to us.她向我们倾吐了她的故事。
【题目应用】
（1）他迅速展开毯子，铺在床上。
____________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】He quickly unfolded the blankets and spread them on the bed.
（2）他打开地图，放在了地板上。
____________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】He unfolded the map and set it on the floor
【单词讲解2】distinct adj. 截然不同的，有区别的，不同种类的；清楚的，清晰的
【变形】distinction n. 区别；差别；特性 distinctive adj. 独特的
distinguish v. 区分 distinguished adj 卓越的，杰出的
【用法】be distinct from 与……不同 distinguish oneself 使某人自己与众不同
【题目应用】
（1）It was hard to distinguish one twin __________the other.很难分辨出一对孪生儿谁是谁。
【答案】from
（2）She has already distinguished __________(she) as an athlete.作为运动员她已享有盛名。
【答案】herself
（3）There's a lot of evidence that oily fish, as d___________from fatty meat, has a beneficial effect.有许多证据表明油性鱼，与高脂肪肉不同，对人体有益。
【答案】distinct
【单词讲解3】sample vt. 尝，品尝，体验；抽样检验
n. 样本，样品；取样
【用法】随机抽样a random sample 抽样调查a sample survey
【题目应用】
（1）They took__________ of my blood.他们取了我的血样。
【答案】samples
（2）血样要送往实验室进行分析。
_______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The blood samples are sent to the laboratory for analysis.
【单词讲解4】off the beaten track不落俗套，打破常规；远离闹市，偏远
track
n. 小路，小径；足迹
v. 追查，追踪
【用法】 循规蹈矩keep to the beaten track 重新步入正轨,恢复正常back on track
了解……的动态keep track of sb/sth 与……失去联系lose track of sb/sth.
【例句】He lives well off the beaten track.他在一个偏僻的地方过得很好。
【题目应用】
（1）This is a design which gets_________________________. 这是一个打破常规的设计。
【答案】off the beaten track
（2）With eleven thousand employees, it's very difficult to ____________________them all. 对于一支1.1万人的员工队伍，很难及时了解到所有有人的动态。
【答案】keep track of
【单词讲解5】come as no surprise不足为奇，毫不奇怪
【例句】So, it should come as no surprise that machine learning experts are in high demand.
所以，并不令人感到意外的是，机器学习专家非常抢手。
【题目应用】
当听到55%的员工承认工作效率低下的主因是使用智能手机，那就一点儿也不令人惊讶了。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】It should come as no surprise that 55% of employers say that cellphone use is the most common cause of productivity loss.
【单词讲解6】sustain vt. 使保持，使稳定持续；维持
【变形】adj. sustainable 可持续的 n. sustainability持续性
【例句】The teacher tried hard to sustain the children’s interest in his lessons.
There was no proof to sustain his views
【短语】遭受损失；受伤；遭到失败sustain damage/an injury/a defeat
可持续发展 sustainable development
【题目应用】
（1）The love and support of his family ___________him during his time in prison.
家人的关爱和支持帮助他度过了狱中的岁月。
【答案】sustained
（2）这一证据过于笼统，不足以证明他的论点。
____________________________________________________________________
【答案】The evidence is not detailed enough to sustain his argument.
【单词讲解7】make one’s way to去，前往
【其他way相关短语】
在路上 on the/one’s way to
朝…走去head one’s way to
屈服；退让；让步give way to sb. /sth.
【例句】Will you be able to make your own way to the airport 你能自己去机场吗？
We shouldn’t give way to the enemies. 我们不应该向敌人屈服。
【题目应用】
（1）She made her way ________the library to return some books. 她前往图书馆归还一些书籍。
（2）He ____________________the airport to catch his flight. 他前往机场赶飞机。
【答案】to; made his way to
【单词讲解8】resolution n. 决心，决定；决议；解决
【变形】resolve v. 解决；决定
【用法】make a resolution to do sth.下定决心做某事
resolve/ settle a problem/ issue解决问题
resolve to do决定做某事
【例句】She made a resolution to visit her relatives more often.她决定要多走走亲戚。
【题目应用】
（1）They made a resolution _________________（lose）all the weight gained during the Christmas period.
他们下定决心要减去圣诞期间增加的体重。
【答案】to lose
（2）我们必须及时找到解决这些问题的方法。
____________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】We must find a way to resolve these problems before it's too late...
【单词讲解9】possession n. 私人物品，个人财产；具有，拥有
【变形】possess v. 具有（特质）；拥有；支配，控制
【用法】占有，拥有sb. in possession of sth.
由……占有/拥有sth. be in the possession of sb.
占有，拥有，拿到take/have possession of
【例句】The possession of a passport is essential for foreign travel.出国旅行必须持有护照。
【题目应用】
（1）你得学会保管好自己的财物。
_____________________________________________________________________________
【答案】You have to learn to take care of your possessions.
（2）这座画廊藏有那位画家的一些早期作品。
______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The gallery possesses a number of the artist's early works.
【单词讲解10】blooming adj. 盛开的，开花的
【变形】bloom n.花 v 开花
【短语】be in (full) bloom鲜花盛开
【例句】Most roses will begin to bloom from late May.大多数玫瑰从五月末开始开花。
【题目应用】
（1）Roses are ___________full bloom.玫瑰花开得正旺。
【答案】in
（2）Spring is approaching when flowers are ________（bloom）and trees are turning green.花开了，树绿了，春天的脚步近了。
【答案】blooming
【单词讲解11】ethically adv.种族地
【变形】ethnic adj. 民族的；种族的
【例句】Mayors want local companies to behave ethically.市长们希望地方公司在经营方面要遵守职业道德。
【题目应用】
（1）I'm e___________ bound to protect their rights.从职业道德上来说我得要保护他们的权利。
【答案】ethically
（2）It is necessary to get the youth to have a high ______________concept.必须使青年具有高度的道德观念。
【答案】ethical
【单词讲解12】apart from 除了……外（还），此外
【同义词】in addition to; as well as； besides
【例句】Apart from their house in London, they also have a villa in Spain.
他们在伦敦有一座房子，此外在西班牙还有一座别墅。
What other sports do you like apart from football 除足球外你还喜欢哪些运动？
【题目应用】
（1）Nothing else matters to him__________ from his job.对他来说，除了工作以外，什么事都无关紧要
【答案】apart
（2）His fridge was bare ________________three very withered tomatoes除了三个蔫巴巴的西红柿，他的冰箱
里什么也没有。
【答案】apart from
【单词讲解13】urban adj. 城市的
【变形】rural adj.农村的
【例句】Thousands were forced to migrate from rural to urban areas in search of work. 成千上万的人为了寻找工作被迫从农村涌进城市。
【题目应用】
绝大多数城区附近都有公园。
__________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Most urban areas are close to a park.
【单词讲解14】minority n. 少数民族 少数派
【变形】minor adj. 较少的；次要的
majority n. 大多数、多数
major adj. 主要的
【短语】a minority of people 少数人 be in the ~ 占少数
a majority of people 大多数人 be in the ~ 占多数
【例句】These children are only a small minority.这些孩子只是很少的一部分。
Only a minority of the people voted.只有少数人投票了。
【题目应用】
The _________________was/were in favor of banning smoking .大多数人支持禁烟。
【答案】majority
【单词讲解15】depth n. 深度、最深处
【变形】deep adj. 深的 length n.-- long adj. width n.-- wide adj. height-- high
【短语】study sth. in depth 深入/全面地研究..
【例句】Many dolphins can dive to depths of 200 metres.许多海豚可潜到200米深。
【题目应用】
（1）We felt at home with her and were impressed with the ____________of her knowledge.
我们与她在一起很自在，而她渊博的知识令我们叹服。
【答案】depth
（2）I was in the _____________of despair when the baby was sick.孩子生病时我陷入了绝望的深渊之中。
【答案】depth
【单词讲解16】accommodation n. 住处
【变形】accommodate vt 给···提供膳宿 vi.适应
【短语】accommodate to……..适应……….
【例句】More and more travelers are looking for bed and breakfast accommodations in private homes.
愈来愈多的旅行者在寻找由私人住户提供住宿和早餐的服务
It was good accommodation for a hotel of this class.
就这种档次的旅馆来说，住宿条件算是不错了。
【题目应用】
（1）The school in Poldown was not big enough to __________all the children波尔登的学校不够大，容不下所有的孩子。
【答案】accommodate
（2）Your eyes will accommodate_________ the darkness after a while.过一会儿你的眼睛就能适应黑暗。
【答案】to
【单词讲解17】surrounding adj. 周围的、附近的
【变形】surroundings n.(周围的)环境 （复数形式）
surround vt 包围、环绕 ~ A with B
【例句】Small towns in South India serve as economic and cultural center for the surrounding villages.
印度南部的小城镇是周围村庄的经济文化中心。
【题目应用】
（1）She felt uneasy in the unfamiliar______________.她在陌生的环境中感到局促不安。
【答案】surroundings
（2）We searched the ______________neighborhood for the missing boy.我们在附近寻找失踪的男孩儿。
【答案】surrounding
【单词讲解18】harmony n. 和谐、和睦
【变形】harmonious adj. 和谐的
【短语】be in harmony with... 与···和谐相处 social harmony 社会和谐
【例句】We must try to live in peace and harmony with ourselves and those around us
我们必须努力和我们自己及周围的人和睦相处。
His ideas were no longer in harmony with ours. 他同我们的想法不再一致了。
【题目应用】
（1）The couple lives __________perfect harmony.这对夫妇和睦地生活着。
【答案】in
（2）Their_____________ relationship resulted in part from their similar goals他们关系融洽的部分原因是他们有着相似的目标。
【答案】harmonious
【单词讲解19】consumption n. 消耗、耗费、消费
【变形】consume vt 消耗、耗费、吃、喝
consumer n 消费者
【例句】The laws have led to a reduction in fuel consumption in the US.
这些法律已经使美国燃料消费量有所减少。
Many people are unaware of just how much food and drink they consume
许多人并不知道他们究竟消耗掉了多少食品和饮料。
【题目应用】
（1）There has been a slight increase in the ________________of meat.肉类消费量略有增长。
【答案】consumption
（2）The electricity industry __________large amounts of fossil fuels.电力工业消耗大量的矿物燃料。
【答案】consumes
【单词讲解20】elegant adj. 雅致的，精美的；优美的，文雅的
【变形】elegance n 高雅 精美
【例句】His mother was an elegant, cultivated woman.他的母亲是一位端庄文雅的女性。
Her elegance and style will always be remembered in film history.
她的优雅与气质将永远被铭记在电影史册之上。
【题目应用】
（1）The lady wears an ___________pink suit.那位女士穿着一身雅致的粉红色套装。
【答案】elegant
（2）Everyone admired her ____________and her beauty.人人都羡慕她的优雅和美丽。
【答案】elegance
【单词讲解21】contrast vi. 形成对比；对比，对照
n. 差异，差别；对照物
【短语】~ A with B
by/in ~ 相比之下 the ~ between A and B
【例句】The boy's room is a complete contrast to the guest room.这个男孩的房间和客房截然不同。
【题目应用】
（1）Their experiences contrast sharply ____________those of other children.他们的经历和其他孩子的形成鲜
明的对比。
【答案】with
（2）It is interesting to ____________the British legal system with the American one.把英国的法制与美国的加以对比很有意思。
【答案】contrast
【单词讲解22】starve v. 挨饿 饿死
【变形】starvation n. 饥饿、饿死
【短语】starve to death 饿死
【例句】She's starving herself to try to lose weight.她试图通过节食来减肥。
Drought has left more than two million people close to starvation干旱让两百多万人濒临饿死。
【题目应用】
（1）The animals were left to starve _________death.那些动物只能等着饿死。
【答案】to
（2）After three days without food, the men were close to___________.三天没吃东西，这些人都快饿死了。
【答案】starvation
【单词讲解23】departure n. 离开、启程、出发
【变形】depart v离开、离去
【短语】departure from 离开………..
【例句】They had received no news of him since his departure from the island.
自从他离开这座岛后，他们再没得到过他的消息。
Flights should be confirmed 48 hours before departure.
航班应在起飞前48小时予以确认。
【题目应用】
（1）This decision represents a significant departure___________ previous policy.这个决定意味着在很大程度上脱离了原先的政策。
【答案】from
（2）______________from her usual routine, she took the bus to work.她一反常态乘公共汽车上班了。
【答案】Departing
【单词讲解24】dot n. 点、小圆点
v. 星罗密布于、遍布
【短语】be dotted with 被…..遍布
【例句】Suzhou is dotted with rivers.苏州遍布河流。
There are countless small ski areas dotted about the province.该省内遍布着许多小型滑雪场。
【题目应用】
(1) The countryside was dotted___________ small villages.乡间有星罗棋布的小村庄。
【答案】with
(2)The helicopters appeared as two black _________ on the horizon.直升机像两个小黑点出现在地平线上。
【答案】dots
【单词讲解25】delicacy n. 娇嫩、脆弱
【变形】delicate a 脆弱的、易损的 =fragile
【短语】a delicate child 虚弱的、瘦弱的 delicate hands精美的 小巧玲珑的
【例句】She handled the situation with great sensitivity and delicacy.她慎重而周到地处理了这个情况。
【题目应用】
（1）She handled the situation with great sensitivity and______________.她慎重而周到地处理了这个情况。
【答案】delicacy
（2）The eye is one of the most ________________organs of the body.眼睛是人体最娇贵的器官之一。
【答案】delicate
二、第一单元的短语汇总
1. win the heart of sb.深受某人喜欢
2. be home to...是……的栖息地
3. a huge variety of wildlife种类繁多的野生动物
4. wander the remote forests漫步于偏远的森林
5. unique scenic spot 独特的景点
6. the ethnic variety 种族多元化
7. cultural diversity 文化多元性
8. a dynamic city一个活力四射的城市
9. dance to fiddle tunes随着小提琴的曲调起舞
10. be exposed to diverse cultures接触不同的文化
11. feel transported through time and space感觉穿越时空
12. the towering mountain peaks 巍峨的山峰
13. the depth of the forests 森林深处
14. geographical wonders 地理奇观
15. be ranked as... 被列为/评为……
16. unfold with breathtaking beauty and richness 绽放出惊人的美丽与丰富
17. make a resolution to do下决心去做
18. set off出发；引起；动身；使爆炸
19. contrast strikingly with对比明显
20. fall on投射到，落在
21. with the approach of随着……的来临/临近
22. wander over漫步
23. be alive with充满，活跃的
24. a bunch of一群；一束；一堆
三、第一单元的基础运用
1）单词填空
1．Why does the media present such a negative view of this ___________(极佳的) city
2．Today，as the world's ___________(城市的) population explodes, cities become more crowded.
3．His contribution to the boy's ____________(幸福) is to equip him for the world in which he lives.
4．For individual travelers, hotel ______________(住处), air tickets, travel insurance are required.
5．Vegetation patterns changed when ____________(山羊) were introduced to the island.
6．In order to live in___________ (和睦), sometimes you need to make compromises.
7．It's bad manners (礼貌) to burst into one's room without knocking.
8．Although the lady looks __________(文雅的), actually she is hard to get along with.
9．Apart from several __________(停车) tickets, the driver was also fined for speeding on the highway, which is likely to contribute to his driving license being cancelled.
10．Approaching the city centre, we saw a stone (雕像) ____________of about 10 meters in height.
【答案】
splendid; urban; welfare; accommodation; goats; harmony; elegant; parking; statue
2）词形变换
1．The reason why I was very unsatisfied is that I was ____________in the village for the first time that was small and desperately in need of proper____________．(accommodate)
2．After three days without food, the men were close to_________．If we had come later, they would have ____________to death.(starve)
3．With his business going on well, he at first ___________big houses and cars; and later he took ___________of stocks of different companies. Eventually, he found that everything he dreamed of was in his___________．(possess)
4．A DNA analysis of skin samples from the live fish suggests that walking sharks broke away from their original
population and became a distinct species about nine million years ago. It seems easy to make a __________(distinct) between the walking shark and other sharks.
5．As we all know，there are varieties of resources at the__________ of the ocean. The diver was ____________struck by the beauty.(deep)
6．The famous star was enjoying the pleasant ____________when he was recognized and was _____________by a crowd of fans.(surround)
7．Gas and oil ___________always increases in cold weather. Many __________expressed great concern about prices.(consume)
8. The first thing the local government did was provide _____________(accommodate) for the homeless families.
9.Philosophers did not use to make a _____________(distinct) between arts and science.
10. That weekend，we went to a ___________(surround) neighborhood and gave them to the people there free of charge.
11.We felt at home with her and were impressed with the__________ (deep) of her knowledge.
12. The Chinese used the bean directly for human ______________(consume) in a variety of foods.
13.The car ran slowly on the _________(mud) countryside street.
14. Music is a kind of abstract art form, is also a kind of ____________(elegance) art behavior.
【答案】
accommodated; accommodation starvation; starved possessed; possession; possession
distinction depth ; deeply surroundings; surrounded
consumption; consumers accommodations distinction
surrounding; depth; consumption; muddy; elegant
3）单句填空
1．The audience watched as the story __________(fold) before their eyes.
2．It came as_____ surprise that she left the company ahead of schedule.
3．I think that it comes down _________the fact that people do feel very dependent on their automobiles.
4．She made her way _________the kitchen, hoping to find someone preparing dinner.
5．Activities there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and __________(accommodate) aim to have a low impact on the natural environment.
6．The other side of the coin is equally a deprivation: for health and wellbeing，as well as lost opportunities (机会) for children to get to know their local ____________(surround).
7. Just before and an hour after each workout，the scientists took additional __________(sample) of the men's blood and fat tissue.
8. All customers travelling on TransLink services must be in _____________(possess) of a valid ticket before boarding.
9. You also need to judge the quality and ____________(deep) of your motivation. This is quite important，because it is directly related to your commitment.
10.According to the World Bank，China accounts for about 30 percent of total global fertilizer___________ (consume).
【答案】
unfolded no to to accommodations
surroundings samples possession depth consumption
4）选词填空
apart from, off the beaten track, come as no surprise, be home to, make one's way to,
beat down, make up, come down to
1．The findings would _________________to some social scientists — and indeed working mothers.
2．_____________ their house in London, they also have one in Spain.
3．What it _____________________is, either I get more money or I leave.
4．Pakaya says he fears the death toll will rise as rescue teams __________________the disaster zone.
5．China is the world's most populous country with a population of 1.1 billion, which _________approximately a quarter of the world population.
6．Even in the winter with the rain_________________, it's nice and cosy in there.
7．The workers of the shop went_________________ and designed a newtype grinder.
8．The great land _______________many different kinds of animals.
【答案】
come as no surprise Apart from comes down to make their way to
makes up beating down off the beaten track is home to
一、第二单元的重要单词讲解
【单词讲解1】absence n. 缺乏，不存在；缺席
【变形】absent adj.缺席的 absentee n. 缺席
【短语】
某人不在的时候in/during one’s absence
缺席be absent from
心不在焉的；健忘的absent-minded
【题目应用】
（1）The decision was made _________my absence.这个决定是我不在的时候作出的。
【答案】in
（2）There has been much gossip about the possible reasons for his__________.关于他缺席的原因有很多传言。
【答案】absence
【单词讲解2】bother vt. 使烦恼，使担心；花费时间精力（做某事）；打扰
vi. 花费时间精力（做某事）
n. 麻烦，困难
【短语】
费心地/麻烦地做某事bother doing/to do sth.
麻烦某人某事bother sb. with sth.
干某事使某人烦恼/担心It bothers sb. to do sth.
没关系，不费事It’s no bother.
【例句】I don't want to bother her with my problems at the moment. 我此刻不想让她为我的事操心。
It bothers me to think of her alone in that big house.
想到她孤零零地待在那所大房子里，我便坐立不安。
【题目应用】
（1）Why bother_______(ask) if you're not really interested 如果你不是真的感兴趣，干吗费口舌打听呢？
【答案】asking
（2）It's not worth bothering __________an umbrella ─ the car's just outside.不必打伞——汽车就停在外面。
【答案】with
【单词讲解3】occupy vt. 占用，使用；居住；占领，侵占；使忙于
【变形】n. occupation 职业；占有，占领；占用
【短语】
使某人忙于某事occupy sb. with sth.
使某人忙于做某事occupy sb. (in) doing sth.
忙于某事be occupied with sth.
忙于做某事be occupied (in) doing sth.
被……占领be occupied by
在占领中under occupation
【例句】Problems at work continued to occupy his mind for some time.工
作上的问题继续在他的脑海中萦绕了一段时间。
Only half her time is occupied with politics.她只用自己一半的时间从事政治活动。
【题目应用】
（1）During the war their lands ___________by the enemy.战争期间他们的土地被敌人占据了。
【答案】were occupied
（2）He's fully occupied ________looking after three small children.照顾三个小孩把他忙得不可开交。
【答案】in
【单词讲解4】cast new light on (使……)进一步了解
【变形】cast-cast-cast
【短语】
对……产生怀疑cast doubt on
使……蒙上阴影cast/throw a shadow on/over
回顾；回想cast one’s mind back (to sth)
【例句】His words cast a new light on the problem.他的话题使人们对这个问题有了新的认识。
【题目应用】
（1）His diary cast light on life in England in the seventeenth century他的日记使人了解17世纪英格兰的生活情况。
【答案】on
（2）这篇文章阐明了美国初等教育的问题。
_______________________________________________________________________
【答案】The article has cast light on the problems of primary education in the US.
【单词讲解5】exposure n. 面临，遭受；揭露；报道
【变形】v. expose揭露，揭穿；暴露，显露；使遭受；使接触
【短语】
暴露于……；遭受……exposure to sth.
把……暴露于……，使……遭受……expose...to...
（被）暴露于，遭受…be exposed to
显露/暴露自己expose oneself
【例句】He had been deafened by prolonged exposure to the noise of the guns firing.
长时间听着枪声使他双耳失聪。
Also, skin doctors warn people to be careful with sun exposure.
另外，皮肤科医生也警告人们要小心太阳暴晒。
【题目应用】
（1）Workers at the nuclear plant were exposed_______ high doses of radiation.核电站的工作人员受到大量辐射。
【答案】to
（2）他不想向任何人显露他的恐惧与不安。
_______________________________________________________________________
【答案】He did not want to expose his fears and insecurity to anyone.
【单词讲解6】visible adj. 看得见的；明显的
【变形】adv. visibly 可见，明显地 adj. invisible不可见的
【短语】be visible to… 为……所能看得见的
【例句】She made a visible effort to control her anger.看得出她竭力控制自己不发火。
【题目应用】
（1）Most stars are not visible_________ the naked eye.大多数星星肉眼看不见。
【答案】to
（2）The rain had stopped and a star or two was _______________over the mountains雨停了，山顶上有一两颗星星在闪烁。
【答案】visible
【单词讲解7】in view of =in terms of 就…而言 鉴于，考虑到
【用法】
在某人看来，依照个人的见解in one’s view
从某人的角度/观点出发from one’s point of view
把……看作……view…as…
【例句】In view of this, the decision may not be easy.考虑到这点，可能很难作出决定。
Why can't you ever see my point of view 你怎么老不明白我的观点呢？
【题目应用】
（1）基于目前这种情况，我们不得不修改原来的计划。
_________________________________________________________________________
【答案】In view of the present situation, we'll have to revise our original plan.
（2）_________________, it was a waste of time.依我看，这是浪费时间。
【答案】In my view
【单词讲解8】vital adj. 必不可少的，对……极重要的；维持生命所必需的
【用法】
极其重要的be of vital importance
在……中发挥着重要的作用play a vital role in
做某事是极重要的It is vital to do sth./ It is vital that从句（用虚拟语气should）
【例句】
Spending some time in the gym is of vital importance to astronauts’ health.
It is vital that you (should) keep accurate records when you are self-employed.
【题目应用】
（1）Reading is ___________vital importance in language learning.阅读在语言学习中至关重要。
【答案】of
（2）The police_________________________ our society.警察在我们的社会中起着极其重要的作用。
【答案】play a vital role in
（3）__________was vital to show that he was not afraid.最重要的是要表现出他毫无畏惧。
【答案】It
【单词讲解9】crucial adj. 至关重要的，关键性的
【变形】adv. crucially 至关重要地，关键性地
【用法】
对……是至关重要的be crucial to/for…
在……中发挥着重要的作用play a crucial role in
做某事是极重要的It is crucial that从句（用虚拟语气should可省略）
【例句】Winning this contract is crucial to the success of the company.
赢得这份合同对这家公司的成败至关重要。
It is crucial that we get this right.我们把这个问题弄明白是极其重要的。
Parents play a crucial role in preparing their child for school.
父母对孩子做好上学的准备起着至关重要的作用。
【题目应用】
（1）Certainly, the early years are crucial __________a child's development.毫无疑问，幼年对儿童的成长至关重要。
【答案】to
（2）____________________all documents presented are authentic and easily verifiable.
所有提交的文件必须真实且易于查证，这一点很关键。
【答案】It is crucial that
【单词讲解10】foundation n. 基础，根据；地基；创办；基金会
【变形】v. found创立，建立；创办
【用法】
为……打下基础lay/provide the foundation(s) for
坚实的基础a solid/firm foundation
【例句】This provided a solid foundation for their marriage.这为他们的婚姻提供了坚实的基础。
This laid the foundations for later modern economic growth.这为后来的现代经济发展奠定了基础。
【题目应用】
（1）The town was ____________in 1610.这个镇建于 1610 年。
【答案】founded
（2）Their marriage _______________on love and mutual respect.他们的婚姻建立在爱情和互相尊重的基础上。
【答案】was founded
【单词讲解11】origin n. 起源，起因；出身
【变形】adj./n. original adj. 原始的，最早的；独创的，新颖的
adv. originally 最初
v. originate vi. 起源，发生
【用法】
起源于……have one’s origin in sth.
起源于，来自 originate in sth.
【例句】This particular custom has its origins in Wales.这一特殊风俗起源于威尔士。
It is one of the most original works of imagination in the language.
这是用该语言写成的最具独创性和想象力的作品之一。
【题目应用】
（1）Thomas has not forgotten his humble_____________.托马斯没有忘记自己卑微的出身。
【答案】origins
（2）Many of them are descendants of the____________ settlers.他们中许多人都是早期移民的后裔。
【答案】original
【单词讲解12】frequency n. 发生率，出现率；频繁；频率
【变形】adj./v. frequent adj. 频繁的，经常发生的
adv. frequently频繁地，经常
【用法】高/低发生率；高/低频率high/low frequency
【例句】The frequency of Kara's phone calls increased rapidly...卡拉的电话飞速增多。
There is a frequent bus service into the centre of town. 公共汽车有很多班次开往市中心区。
【题目应用】
（1）You can't hear waves of such___________________.如此高频率的声波是无法听到的。
【答案】a high frequency
（2）She's a _______________to the US.她经常去美国。
【答案】frequent visitor
【单词讲解13】shelter n. 居所，住处；庇护 庇护处，避难处 [c]；收容所 [c]
vt. 保护，掩蔽 vi. 躲避
【用法】
庇护某人give sb. shelter
躲避……；保护……不受shelter (...) from...
【例句】They provided food and shelter for the poor.他们为贫困者提供食物和住所。
The tree affords some shelter from the sun. 这棵树可以挡一挡太阳。
【题目应用】
（1）There was no shelter __________the fury of the storm.那时没有地方可以躲避狂风暴雨。
【答案】from
（2）There aren't enough tents to ____________them all.没有足够的帐篷供他们容身。
【答案】shelter
【单词讲解14】evaluate vt. 评估，估计，评价
【变形】evaluation n.评价；评估
【单词讲解15】luxury n. 不常有的乐趣（或享受）；奢侈品
【变形】luxurious adj.奢侈的
【单词讲解16】furthermore adv. 此外，再者
【例句】I don't want to go there, furthermore, I have no time to do so.我不想去那里，而且我也没时间去。
【题目应用】
He said he had not discussed the matter with her.______________, he had not even contacted her.
他说他没有和她讨论过这个问题。而且，他甚至没有和她联系过。
【答案】Furthermore
【单词讲解17】discipline vt. 严格要求（自己）；惩罚；训练
n. 训练，纪律；行为准则；自制力
【单词讲解18】permanent adj. 永久的，永恒的
【变形】permanence n.永恒；永久
【单词讲解19】merely adv. 仅仅，只不过
【变形】mere adj.仅仅的
【例句】It is not merely a job, but a way of life.这不仅仅是一份工作，而且是一种生活方式。
【题目应用】
（1）They agreed to go __________because they were getting paid for it.他们同意去只是因为他们会得到酬劳。
【答案】merely
（2）I judged by actions, ______________by words.我根据行动，而不是只根据语言进行判断。
【答案】not merely
【单词讲解20】investment n. 投资；投入
【变形】invest v.投资
【例句】This country needs investment in education.这个国家需要对教育进行投资。
The project has demanded considerable investment of time and effort.
该项目已让我们投入了相当多的时间和精力。
【题目应用】
为了适应国家未来的需要，必须现在就投资医院建设。
________________________________________________________________
【答案】Investment hospitals is needed now to match the future needs of the country.
【单词讲解21】calculate vt. 计算，核算；预测
【变形】calculator n.计算器 calculation n.计算
【单词讲解22】assistant n. 助理；售货员；助教
adj. 助理的，副的
【变形】assist v.帮助 assistance n.帮助
【例句】My assistant will stand in for me while I'm away.我不在期间，由我的助手代替我。
We will assist you in finding somewhere to live. 们将帮你找个住的地方。
【题目应用】
（1）Julia was assisting him_________________ his speech朱莉娅正在帮他准备讲演稿。
【答案】to prepare
（2）他要我们帮助他实施他们的计划。
____________________________________________________________________
【答案】He asked us to assist him in carrying through their plan.
【单词讲解23】incredibly adv. 极其，极端地；令人难以置信
【变形】incredible adj. 不可相信的，难以置信的
【单词讲解24】constant adj. 固定的，不变的；连续发生的，重复的
二、第二单元的短语汇总
1.conduct scientific research做科学研究
2.carry out experiments进行实验
3.in the circumstances在这种情况下
4.exposure to the cold and radiation暴露在寒冷和辐射中
5.in view of鉴于，考虑到
6.a significant amount of 大量的……
7.expand our understanding拓展我们的理解
8.enhance the quality of our lives提高生活质量
9.long to do渴望做……
10.be fascinated by 被……吸引；对……着迷
11.address fundamental questions 回答/解决基本问题
12.mass-produce批量生产
13.thirst for knowledge对知识的渴望；求知欲
三、第二单元的基础运用
Living in space is a challenging but magical adventure. People would love to know _1____ daily life is like in space and how it differs from that on the Earth.Due to the near _2_______ (absent) of gravity in space,the astronauts have to attach themselves so that they don’t float around. Their main task is to conduct scientific research and with the space station _3_______ (need) a lot of maintenance, hey _4_______ (constant) check support systems and do some cleaning. The most _5________ (challenge) work is to perform tasks outside the space station and in the circumstances,it's time for a spacewalk. _6______ view of the low-gravity environment, eating is also different in space with most food dried or freeze-dried and they must drink water through _7_______ thin tube of plastic from a bag Exercise is of vital importance to their health and they have to be tied onto special exercise equipment _8_______(stop)themselves from floating around. During _9________ (they) leisure time,they like to sit back with the rest of the crew and watch the Earth go by,_10________ (take) pictures for their family and friends.
【答案】
1. what 2. absence 3. needing 4. constantly 5. challenging
6. In 7. a 8. to stop 9. their 10. taking
Space exploration is extremely difficult and dangerous, can take a very long time and _1_____ (cost) a huge amount of money. Why do we continue to explore space then That's because it is in our nature _2_______ (explore). From the very early days of human life on the Earth, our curiosity about _3_______ unknown has kept us _4_________ (adventure) into new places. We even desire to explore the furthest frontier of all-space, because we are curious _5_______ what makes the universe exist and wonder whether there is life on other _6_______ (planet). By exploring space, we can solve some of the big problems facing mankind, _7________ (make) our lives
safer and easier. Although space exploration demands huge _8________ (invest),the space industry can actually bring great economic value. Moreover, the _9_________ (amaze) work people do can provide education and inspiration for the next generation, _10_______ may be the biggest reason for humanity to explore space.
【答案】
1. costs 2. to explore 3. the 4. adventuring 5. about
6. planets 7. making 8. investment 9. amazing 10. which
课文语法填空
Not only _1_______ (be) Canada a broad and beautiful country stretching from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean, but it is also one of the most ethnically diverse nations in the world.
There is great diversity in geography in Canada. To the east of the Pacific coast rise the grand Rocky Mountains, _2________ are home to high peaks and deep valleys. One truly unique scenic spot in Canada is the mighty Niagara Falls with water _3________ (rush) over its edge. Besides its geographical diversity, Canada's many rural areas and urban centers reflect the diversity of _4______ (it)residents. It is thought _5_______ some of Canadas earliest settlers crossed the Bering Strait by means of a land bridge. The first Europeans also started _6_______ (settle)in some of the eastern provinces centuries ago. About one out of five people in Canada's population is foreign-born. Therefore, this ethnic variety brings about _7_________(culture) diversity. You can participate _8________ the celebrations of the Chinese New Year, or you may take tea in the Dr Sun Yat-Sen Classical Chinese Garden in Vancouver. As you are exposed to diverse cultures, you may feel transported through time and space.
From the towering mountain peaks to the depths of the forests to the urban centers, Canada's geographical _9_________ (wonder)，ethnic groups and their cultures make it _10_____ unique place to live and visit.
【答案】
1. is 2. which 3. rushing 4. its 5. that
6. to settle / settling 7. cultural 8. in 9. wonders 10. a
My parents and I had finally arrived at Merzouga. The unending sand dunes that marked the _1______(begin) of the Sahara stretched before us. The wind _2________ (blow) grains of sand from the tops of the _3________ (dune),and the sun was beating down hard and bright. There was not a plant to be seen.
_4________ (eventual), we arrived at our desert camp.
3 July, Kenya
A few days after our departure, our car was well and truly stuck _5________ the mud. Fortunately,two tall slim local people realized that we were totally _6______(help)and wandered over and pushed _7________ (we) free.
We found a parking space next to our hut. There were five similar huts, all lined up _8_____ (face) Mount
Kilimanjaro. Tall grasses and trees dotted the plains, _9________ were alive with the African wildlife we had come to see.
We got out of the car, and I placed some foods on a small wooden table, It was then _10________ I noticed a small grey monkey sitting on a tree a few metres away and eating a banana.
【答案】
1. beginning 2. was blowing 3. dunes 4. Eventually 5. in
6. helpless 7. us 8. facing 9. which 10. that
Canada—a land of diversity
Canada, which impresses people with its breathtaking beauty, richness and distinct cultures,(1)___________(be)a huge and beautiful country.Canada(2)___________(make) up of ten provinces and three territories with(3)__________(diverse)in geography, among(4)___________there are Rocky Mountains, ancient glaciers,national parks, Niagara Falls and so on.
Besides its(5)___________(geography) diversity, Canada also reflects the diversity of its residents and a vast(6)___________(combine) of ethnic groups today. And cultural diversity comes(7)___________turn with this ethnic variety. For example, you can(8)
(celebration) the Chinese New Year in Vancouver, enjoy the(9)___________(origin) French-style architecture in Montreal(10)___________appreciate the cultures and traditions of Celtic settlers in Nova Scotia.(11)___________(expose) to these cultural differences, you may feel going through time and space.(12)___________(give) these differences, it is not
___________(surprise) that Canada has been celebrating Multiculturalism Day since 2002.
(14)___________makes Canada a unique place is its geographical wonders, ethnic groups and their cultures. Indeed, the UN has ranked it (15)___________one of the best countries to live in.
【答案】
(1) is (2) is made (3) diversity (4) which (5) geographical (6) combination
(7) in (8) celebrate (9) original (10) and (11) Exposed (12) Given (13) surprising (14) What (15) as
An adventure in Africa
After my parents and I(1)___________( drive) from Marrakesh to Merzouga, we saw the
unending sand dunes(2)___________( stretch) before us, marking the beginning of the Sahara.(3)___________( see) the yellow roadside sign which reminded us of a“ fragile natural environment ” here, I made a resolution to respect and(4)___________( protect) the unique landscape. With sand dunes towering high above, wind(5)___________( blow) violently, the sun beating down and the sky being a deep shade of blue,I(6)___________ (lose) in the wild beauty. Without any plant to be seen, the desert appeared(7)___________(complete) empty. In sight were only dunes, the colours of which contrasted strikingly(8)___________the blue sky. Eventually, we arrived at the camp, the night(9)___________(approach).
On our way to the camp in Amboseli National Park located on the border of Kenya, due to my(10)___________(father) carelessness, our car(11)___________(stick) in the mud. Luckily, with the help of two
local people we soon got out of(12)___________(embarrass) and waved them goodbye.
At the (13)___________(park) space next to our hut, we were(14)___________(amaze) by the grand beauty of the plains, which seemed to come(15)___________(live) with its grand surroundings as well as the African wild life.
【答案】
(1) had driven (2) stretching (3) Seeing (4) protect (5) blowing (6)was lost
(7) completely (8) with (9) approaching (10) father's (11) was stuck
(12) embarrassment (13) parking (14) amazed (15) alive
真题感知
1.（2023年新高考I卷）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, ____36____ (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether ____37____ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), ____38____ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. Shanghai may be the ____39____ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace. There you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed ____40____ hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____41____ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of ____42____ (they) contents. The meat should be fresh with ____43____ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.
No matter where I buy them, one steamer is ____44____ (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left _____45_____ (want) more next time.
【答案】
36. tasty 37. to bite 38. or 39. recognized 40. by
41. to be lifted 42. their 43. a 44. rarely 45. wanting
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国美食——小笼包，讲述了小笼包美味，发源地以及制作方法等等。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：小笼包(汤包)，那些精致的饺子皮，包裹着热腾腾的美味汤和甜甜的鲜肉，是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。形容词需修饰后面的名词soup(汤)，故空格需用tasty“美味的”作定语，故填tasty。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放
进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语，空处与后面to put并列作宾语，故填to bite。
【38题详解】
考查连词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。whether...or... “是……还是……”，固定搭配，根据句意，故填or。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡，但美食历史学家会告诉你，邻近的运河小镇南翔才是小笼包的发源地。空格在名词home前面作定语，recognize与home是逻辑上动宾关系，需填过去分词recognized作定语，recognized“被公认的”也可以看作是形容词作定语。故填recognized。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：在那里，你会发现它们的制作方式不同——更多汤包，更少的汤，包子皮是用手压的，而不是擀出来的。by hand“用手”是固定搭配，根据句意，故填by。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，补足语lift out与宾语them（指代小笼包）是逻辑上的动宾关系，空格需填动词不定式的被动式to be lifted。故填to be lifted。
【42题详解】
考查代词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。修饰后面的名词contents(东西)需用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：肉应该是新鲜的，有一点甜味，汤应该是热的，清澈的，美味的。a touch of “一点点；稍许”，常用搭配，touch“轻微；稍许”常用作单数。故填a。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。修饰形容词用副词作状语，rarely“少有”，故填rarely。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。分析句子可知，此处考查“leave sb+宾语补足语”，本句是被动语态，want是主语补足语，根据句意，I与want之间是主动的逻辑关系，用现在分词wanting。故填wanting。
2.（2023年全国甲卷）
根据短 内容, 从短 后的选项中选出能填 空 处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tricks To Becoming A More Patient Person
Here's a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common There's one answer: 1 .
In the Digital Age, we're used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we'd be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.
● Practice gratitude (感激) Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic. 2 . "Showing thankfulness can foster self-control," said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.
● Make yourself wait Instant gratification (满 ) may seem like the most "feel good" option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. 3 . Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You'll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations.
● 4
So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself, " 5 ." You'll then gradually become more patient.
A. Find your causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncomfortable
D. All this adds up to a state of hurry
E. It can also help us practice more patience
F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G. They're all situations where we could use a little extra patience
【答案】GEBCF
【解析】
(1) G 这是 篇说明 。主要介绍了培养耐 的三种 法。 逻辑线索。上 问：交通堵塞、排 队和等待假期开始有什么共同之处；下 research suggests that if we practiced patience, we'd be a whole lot better off.（我们练习更有耐 能过得更好。），可知上 述三种情况的共同点就是要有耐 。选项G. 这些都是我们需要 点额外耐 的情况，符合语境。故选G。
(2) E逻辑线索。根据上 Thankfulness has a lot of benefits（感恩有很多好处）以及下 "Showing thankfulness can foster self-control," said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California（加利 福尼亚 学的研究员叶丽（ 译）说："表达感激可以培养 我控制能 "）可知, 这 主要讲的是感恩的好 处。E选项“它也可以帮助我们练习更多的耐 ”是感恩的第 个好处，符合语境。其中also也与前 Thankfulness
has a lot of benefit形成意思上的并列关系。故选E。
(3) B逻辑线索。上 讲的是： 远看来，等待实际上会让我们更快乐，养成等待习惯的唯 法就是练习；下 举了两个练习等待的例 。故选项B. 从 任务开始，起到承上启下的作 ，符合语境。故选B。
(4) C逻辑线索。本空是 标题, 观察其他 标题不难发现都是以动词开头, 因此AC为备选项。根据下 ：我们中 的许多 都认为舒适是我们唯 能容忍的状态, 当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时, 我们会对环境失去耐 。可 知, 本段主要讲在舒适区之外的感受。选项C.接受不舒服（的事），能够总结段落，符合语境。故选C。
(5) F语境衔接题。根据上 ：当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对环境失去耐 ；下 You'll then gradually become more patient（然后你会逐渐变得更有耐 ），F选项“这只是让 不舒服, 不是 法忍受”可以承上启下，符合语境。故选F。
3.（2023年全国乙卷）
你校英 报社正在组织以“Learning a New Skill”为主题的征稿，请你以投稿的 式， 英语讲述假期 学习 项新技能的经历。
请包括以下要点：（1）学习到的新技能； （2）描述你的体验和感受。
注意： （1）词数100左右； （2）题 已为你写好。
Learning a New Skill ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Learning a New Skill
I learned to drive this summer holiday. It was so exciting to drive. 【描述学习到的新技能】
After passing the theoretical knowledge test, I started the basic practice of driving with the instructor, including right turn, left turn, straight, pulling over and so on. At first, I thought driving was easy, but when
sitting in the driving seat (时间状语从句), holding the steering wheel, I felt that everything was different from what I had imagined (宾语从句)．I was so nervous that I could not even tell the direction of right from the direction of left. 【描述你的体验】
With the encouragement of my coach, I practiced hard and finally mastered the essentials of driving. What a really rewarding experience!（感叹句）【表达感受】
【解析】本篇书 表达属于记叙 ，请以向学校英 报投稿的 式， 英语描述学习 项新技能的经历，及从中 获得的体验和感受。
提升专练
阅读理解
A
Recreational activities on Crown land
Canadian residents
Camp for free up to 21 days on any one site in a calendar year. This ensures sites are available to others and helps reduce environmental impacts.
Non-residents, 18 years and up
You will need a non-resident camping permit to camp on Crown land north of the French and Mattawa rivers, unless otherwise prohibited.
Camp up to 21 days on any one site in a calendar year.
Check if camping is allowed on the Crown land where you are planning to camp.
You do not need a permit if you:
● rent a camping unit from a person who conducts business in Ontario.
● own property in Ontario.
● carry out duties as part of employment in Canada.
● are a charitable or non-profit group that is authorized by the Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry(MNRF)to camp.
Buy a camping permit
Non-residents who need a permit can buy one online or through participating ServiceOntario centres and authorized licence issuers in Northern Ontario.
Cost=$9.35+ tax $10.57 (child under 12 without tax) per person, each night.
Fish while camping on Crown land
You need a valid fishing licence before you can fish.
Campfires
Before starting a campfire, check local fire warnings and restrictions in the area. In some cases, camp fires may be prohibited altogether due to seasonal conditions.
1．How much might you pay for two days’ bike-hiring in Mountain-biking
A． 15. B． 20.
C． 30. D． 374.
2．What will you do in Camping
A．Hunt for animals. B．Enjoy challenging camping.
C．Visit traditional stone walls. D．Climb an across-country mountain.
3．Where can you find coastal B&Bs
A．At bandbullapool. co. uk. B．At aurora .
C．At . D．At .
【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种户外体验活动，在活动中你可以欣赏美景，呼吸新鲜的空气。
1．细节理解题。由题干中的关键词“Mountain-biking”可定位到第二个体验活动中，由此部分最后一段的信息“Bike hire from around 15 a day.” 可知，租一天自行车大约 15 英镑起，因此两天需要的花费有可能是 30 英镑。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。由题干中的关键词“Camping”可定位到第三个体验活动中，由此部分第一段中的“Walkers are in heaven here, hiking among the limestone hills filled with traditional stone walls.”可知，这里是步行者的天堂，步行者可以在布满传统石墙的石灰岩山间徒步旅行，与C项切题。A、D两项都不属于Camping中的活动，B项无中生有，文中没有提到该活动是有挑战性的。故选C项。
3．细节理解题。由题干中的关键词“coastal”, “B&B”可把信息锁定在最后一个体验活动中，由最后一段“Accommodation along the trail is reasonable including B&B in a double room at Torran in Ullapool from 70 a night. See bandbullapool. co. uk.”可知，可以在bandbullapool.co.uk 网站中获得更多的信息。故选A项。
B
The other day a big,ugly,black bat found its way to the bathroom of my house and hung, upside down, over the toilet bowl. As "the man of the house", I was asked to rid the house of the awful creature. I grabbed a pillow and held the broom.I quickly opened the bathroom door and threw the pillow at the bat. It didn't move. Then that old feeling started to come over me. It was the same feeling I experienced when I was sent down the stairs in the middle of the night to see what made a noise.The feeling can be summed up in one word-trapped.
All men, I think, sometimes have had that feeling of being trapped in some male role. It may be something as simple as having to carve the chicken before it is served,or having to pretend that you know something about car engines when the car won't start.However,women nowadays seem to have the freedom to be themselves.They can repair cars or be fire fighters.Yet men appear to be more afraid to do something different. It's as if being a man is not what you are,but what you do and the way you do it.
As I came towards the fierce and frightening bat, I wondered what would happen if I had simply told my wife that I won't do it-that she could get it out, or else call someone in the morning. But I couldn't do that! I am the man! I slowly opened the window and closed the toilet bowl cover. I then, carefully, lifted the broom over my head and
swept the bat out the window. Just like that, it was gone.
My wife was so pleased and in the morning,my son thought I was a hero. They asked me how I had got rid of the bat. I started to tell them-but then stopped.A man doesn't talk of such things.
1．Why does the author mention the old feeling in Paragraph 1
A．To recall the old days. B．To show his fear of darkness.
C．To predict his fight with the bat. D．To highlight the situation of being trapped.
2．What does the author mean by mentioning women’s freedom in Paragraph 2
A．Men are forced to bear household burdens.
B．Men have to live up to social expectations.
C．Women are free to choose their jobs.
D．Women are equal to men in workplaces.
3．The last sentence of the passage implies that the author________.
A．believes silence is gold B．feels proud of himself
C．will do what he has to do D．will be what he wants to be
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章由作者去驱赶飞到厕所里的一只蝙蝠为起因，让作者反思男人有时候会感觉被困住，因为男人必须满足社会的期望，就好像做男人不在于你是什么，而在于你做什么，以及你做人的方式。作者最后驱赶了蝙蝠，妻子非常高兴，儿子把他当做英雄。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“The feeling can be summed up in one word-trapped.(这种感觉可以用一个词来概括——被困住的)”以及第二段中“All men, I think, sometimes have had that feeling of being trapped in some male role.(我想，所有的男人，有时都会有被困在某个男性角色中的感觉)”由此可推知，作者在第一段提及旧的感觉是为了强调被困住的情景，从而更好地展开第二段的论述。故选D。
2．推理判断题。根据第二段“All men, I think, sometimes have had that feeling of being trapped in some male role. It may be something as simple as having to carve the chicken before it is served, or having to pretend that you know something about car engines when the car won’t start. However, women nowadays seem to have the freedom to be themselves. They can repair cars or be fire fighters. Yet men appear to be more afraid to do something different. It’s as if being a man is not what you are, but what you do and the way you do it.(我想，所有的男人，有时都有被困在某种男性角色中的感觉。这可能是一些简单的事情，比如在上桌前必须切开鸡肉，或者在汽车发动不起来时必须假装你知道一些关于汽车发动机的知识。然而，如今的女性似乎有做自己的自由。她们可以修车或当消防员。然而，男性似乎更害怕做不同的事情。就好像成为一个男人不是你是什么，而是你做了什么和你做这件事的方式)”可知，男性要在意做了什么和做事的方式。由此推知，作者在第二段提到妇女的自由，是为了表明男人必须满足社会的期望。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知，作者成功把蝙蝠驱逐出去妻子因此非常高兴，儿子以他为英雄。再结合第二段最后一句“It’s as if being a man is not what you are, but what you do and the way you do it.(就好像做男人不在于你是什么，而在于你做什么，以及你做人的方式)”提到的男人必须满足社会的期望。由
此推知“A man doesn’t talk of such things.(一个男人是不会说这样的话的)”暗示作者会做他必须做的事。故选C。2024年高二英语译林版2020选择性必修第三册Unit1&Unit2复习
核心考点聚焦
1、第一和第二单元的重要单词讲解（单词词义、词性变形、用法搭配、例句展示和题目运用）
2、第一和第二单元的短语汇总（多半考察短语中的介词搭配）
3、第一和第二单元的基础运用（词汇适当形式填空、单句语法填空、选词填空、课文内容填空）
高考考点聚焦
常考考点 真题举例
限制性定语从句 2023全国甲卷 2022新高考全国I卷 2022年全国甲卷 2021全国卷乙卷 2021北京高考卷
非限制性定语从句 2022北京高考卷
主语从句 2023全国卷II 2022北京高考卷 2021新高考全国I卷 2021北京高考卷
一、第一单元的重要单词讲解
【单词讲解1】unfold v.(使)展开；打开；展示；透露
【变形】fold v.折叠
【例句】She unfolded her arms. 她张开双臂。
She unfolded her tale to us.她向我们倾吐了她的故事。
【题目应用】
（1）他迅速展开毯子，铺在床上。
____________________________________________________________________________________
（2）他打开地图，放在了地板上。
____________________________________________________________________________________
【单词讲解2】distinct adj. 截然不同的，有区别的，不同种类的；清楚的，清晰的
【变形】distinction n. 区别；差别；特性 distinctive adj. 独特的
distinguish v. 区分 distinguished adj 卓越的，杰出的
【用法】be distinct from 与……不同 distinguish oneself 使某人自己与众不同
【题目应用】
（1）It was hard to distinguish one twin __________the other.很难分辨出一对孪生儿谁是谁。
（2）She has already distinguished __________(she) as an athlete.作为运动员她已享有盛名。
（3）There's a lot of evidence that oily fish, as d___________from fatty meat, has a beneficial effect.有许多证据表明油性鱼，与高脂肪肉不同，对人体有益。
【单词讲解3】sample vt. 尝，品尝，体验；抽样检验
n. 样本，样品；取样
【用法】随机抽样a random sample 抽样调查a sample survey
【题目应用】
（1）They took__________ of my blood.他们取了我的血样。
（2）血样要送往实验室进行分析。
_______________________________________________________________________________
【单词讲解4】off the beaten track不落俗套，打破常规；远离闹市，偏远
track
n. 小路，小径；足迹
v. 追查，追踪
【用法】 循规蹈矩keep to the beaten track 重新步入正轨,恢复正常back on track
了解……的动态keep track of sb/sth 与……失去联系lose track of sb/sth.
【例句】He lives well off the beaten track.他在一个偏僻的地方过得很好。
【题目应用】
（1）This is a design which gets_________________________. 这是一个打破常规的设计。
（2）With eleven thousand employees, it's very difficult to ____________________them all. 对于一支1.1万人的员工队伍，很难及时了解到所有有人的动态。
【单词讲解5】come as no surprise不足为奇，毫不奇怪
【例句】So, it should come as no surprise that machine learning experts are in high demand.
所以，并不令人感到意外的是，机器学习专家非常抢手。
【题目应用】
当听到55%的员工承认工作效率低下的主因是使用智能手机，那就一点儿也不令人惊讶了。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
【单词讲解6】sustain vt. 使保持，使稳定持续；维持
【变形】adj. sustainable 可持续的 n. sustainability持续性
【例句】The teacher tried hard to sustain the children’s interest in his lessons.
There was no proof to sustain his views
【短语】遭受损失；受伤；遭到失败sustain damage/an injury/a defeat
可持续发展 sustainable development
【题目应用】
（1）The love and support of his family ___________him during his time in prison.
家人的关爱和支持帮助他度过了狱中的岁月。
（2）这一证据过于笼统，不足以证明他的论点。
____________________________________________________________________
【单词讲解7】make one’s way to去，前往
【其他way相关短语】
在路上 on the/one’s way to
朝…走去head one’s way to
屈服；退让；让步give way to sb. /sth.
【例句】Will you be able to make your own way to the airport 你能自己去机场吗？
We shouldn’t give way to the enemies. 我们不应该向敌人屈服。
【题目应用】
（1）She made her way ________the library to return some books. 她前往图书馆归还一些书籍。
（2）He ____________________the airport to catch his flight. 他前往机场赶飞机。
【单词讲解8】resolution n. 决心，决定；决议；解决
【变形】resolve v. 解决；决定
【用法】make a resolution to do sth.下定决心做某事
resolve/ settle a problem/ issue解决问题
resolve to do决定做某事
【例句】She made a resolution to visit her relatives more often.她决定要多走走亲戚。
【题目应用】
（1）They made a resolution _________________（lose）all the weight gained during the Christmas period.
他们下定决心要减去圣诞期间增加的体重。
（2）我们必须及时找到解决这些问题的方法。
____________________________________________________________________________________
【单词讲解9】possession n. 私人物品，个人财产；具有，拥有
【变形】possess v. 具有（特质）；拥有；支配，控制
【用法】占有，拥有sb. in possession of sth.
由……占有/拥有sth. be in the possession of sb.
占有，拥有，拿到take/have possession of
【例句】The possession of a passport is essential for foreign travel.出国旅行必须持有护照。
【题目应用】
（1）你得学会保管好自己的财物。
_____________________________________________________________________________
（2）这座画廊藏有那位画家的一些早期作品。
______________________________________________________________________________
【单词讲解10】blooming adj. 盛开的，开花的
【变形】bloom n.花 v 开花
【短语】be in (full) bloom鲜花盛开
【例句】Most roses will begin to bloom from late May.大多数玫瑰从五月末开始开花。
【题目应用】
（1）Roses are ___________full bloom.玫瑰花开得正旺。
（2）Spring is approaching when flowers are ________（bloom）and trees are turning green.花开了，树绿了，春天的脚步近了。
【单词讲解11】ethically adv.种族地
【变形】ethnic adj. 民族的；种族的
【例句】Mayors want local companies to behave ethically.市长们希望地方公司在经营方面要遵守职业道德。
【题目应用】
（1）I'm e___________ bound to protect their rights.从职业道德上来说我得要保护他们的权利。
（2）It is necessary to get the youth to have a high ______________concept.必须使青年具有高度的道德观念。
【单词讲解12】apart from 除了……外（还），此外
【同义词】in addition to; as well as； besides
【例句】Apart from their house in London, they also have a villa in Spain.
他们在伦敦有一座房子，此外在西班牙还有一座别墅。
What other sports do you like apart from football 除足球外你还喜欢哪些运动？
【题目应用】
（1）Nothing else matters to him__________ from his job.对他来说，除了工作以外，什么事都无关紧要
（2）His fridge was bare ________________three very withered tomatoes除了三个蔫巴巴的西红柿，他的冰箱里什么也没有。
【单词讲解13】urban adj. 城市的
【变形】rural adj.农村的
【例句】Thousands were forced to migrate from rural to urban areas in search of work. 成千上万的人为了寻找工作被迫从农村涌进城市。
【题目应用】
绝大多数城区附近都有公园。
__________________________________________________________________________________
【单词讲解14】minority n. 少数民族 少数派
【变形】minor adj. 较少的；次要的
majority n. 大多数、多数
major adj. 主要的
【短语】a minority of people 少数人 be in the ~ 占少数
a majority of people 大多数人 be in the ~ 占多数
【例句】These children are only a small minority.这些孩子只是很少的一部分。
Only a minority of the people voted.只有少数人投票了。
【题目应用】
The _________________was/were in favor of banning smoking .大多数人支持禁烟。
【单词讲解15】depth n. 深度、最深处
【变形】deep adj. 深的 length n.-- long adj. width n.-- wide adj. height-- high
【短语】study sth. in depth 深入/全面地研究..
【例句】Many dolphins can dive to depths of 200 metres.许多海豚可潜到200米深。
【题目应用】
（1）We felt at home with her and were impressed with the ____________of her knowledge.
我们与她在一起很自在，而她渊博的知识令我们叹服。
（2）I was in the _____________of despair when the baby was sick.孩子生病时我陷入了绝望的深渊之中。
【单词讲解16】accommodation n. 住处
【变形】accommodate vt 给···提供膳宿 vi.适应
【短语】accommodate to……..适应……….
【例句】More and more travelers are looking for bed and breakfast accommodations in private homes.
愈来愈多的旅行者在寻找由私人住户提供住宿和早餐的服务
It was good accommodation for a hotel of this class.
就这种档次的旅馆来说，住宿条件算是不错了。
【题目应用】
（1）The school in Poldown was not big enough to __________all the children波尔登的学校不够大，容不下所有的孩子。
（2）Your eyes will accommodate_________ the darkness after a while.过一会儿你的眼睛就能适应黑暗。
【单词讲解17】surrounding adj. 周围的、附近的
【变形】surroundings n.(周围的)环境 （复数形式）
surround vt 包围、环绕 ~ A with B
【例句】Small towns in South India serve as economic and cultural center for the surrounding villages.
印度南部的小城镇是周围村庄的经济文化中心。
【题目应用】
（1）She felt uneasy in the unfamiliar______________.她在陌生的环境中感到局促不安。
（2）We searched the ______________neighborhood for the missing boy.我们在附近寻找失踪的男孩儿。
【单词讲解18】harmony n. 和谐、和睦
【变形】harmonious adj. 和谐的
【短语】be in harmony with... 与···和谐相处 social harmony 社会和谐
【例句】We must try to live in peace and harmony with ourselves and those around us
我们必须努力和我们自己及周围的人和睦相处。
His ideas were no longer in harmony with ours. 他同我们的想法不再一致了。
【题目应用】
（1）The couple lives __________perfect harmony.这对夫妇和睦地生活着。
（2）Their_____________ relationship resulted in part from their similar goals他们关系融洽的部分原因是他们有着相似的目标。
【单词讲解19】consumption n. 消耗、耗费、消费
【变形】consume vt 消耗、耗费、吃、喝
consumer n 消费者
【例句】The laws have led to a reduction in fuel consumption in the US.
这些法律已经使美国燃料消费量有所减少。
Many people are unaware of just how much food and drink they consume
许多人并不知道他们究竟消耗掉了多少食品和饮料。
【题目应用】
（1）There has been a slight increase in the ________________of meat.肉类消费量略有增长。
（2）The electricity industry __________large amounts of fossil fuels.电力工业消耗大量的矿物燃料。
【单词讲解20】elegant adj. 雅致的，精美的；优美的，文雅的
【变形】elegance n 高雅 精美
【例句】His mother was an elegant, cultivated woman.他的母亲是一位端庄文雅的女性。
Her elegance and style will always be remembered in film history.
她的优雅与气质将永远被铭记在电影史册之上。
【题目应用】
（1）The lady wears an ___________pink suit.那位女士穿着一身雅致的粉红色套装。
（2）Everyone admired her ____________and her beauty.人人都羡慕她的优雅和美丽。
【单词讲解21】contrast vi. 形成对比；对比，对照
n. 差异，差别；对照物
【短语】~ A with B
by/in ~ 相比之下 the ~ between A and B
【例句】The boy's room is a complete contrast to the guest room.这个男孩的房间和客房截然不同。
【题目应用】
（1）Their experiences contrast sharply ____________those of other children.他们的经历和其他孩子的形成鲜明的对比。
（2）It is interesting to ____________the British legal system with the American one.把英国的法制与美国的加以对比很有意思。
【单词讲解22】starve v. 挨饿 饿死
【变形】starvation n. 饥饿、饿死
【短语】starve to death 饿死
【例句】She's starving herself to try to lose weight.她试图通过节食来减肥。
Drought has left more than two million people close to starvation干旱让两百多万人濒临饿死。
【题目应用】
（1）The animals were left to starve _________death.那些动物只能等着饿死。
（2）After three days without food, the men were close to___________.三天没吃东西，这些人都快饿死了。
【单词讲解23】departure n. 离开、启程、出发
【变形】depart v离开、离去
【短语】departure from 离开………..
【例句】They had received no news of him since his departure from the island.
自从他离开这座岛后，他们再没得到过他的消息。
Flights should be confirmed 48 hours before departure.
航班应在起飞前48小时予以确认。
【题目应用】
（1）This decision represents a significant departure___________ previous policy.这个决定意味着在很大程度上脱离了原先的政策。
（2）______________from her usual routine, she took the bus to work.她一反常态乘公共汽车上班了。
【单词讲解24】dot n. 点、小圆点
v. 星罗密布于、遍布
【短语】be dotted with 被…..遍布
【例句】Suzhou is dotted with rivers.苏州遍布河流。
There are countless small ski areas dotted about the province.该省内遍布着许多小型滑雪场。
【题目应用】
(1) The countryside was dotted___________ small villages.乡间有星罗棋布的小村庄。
(2)The helicopters appeared as two black _________ on the horizon.直升机像两个小黑点出现在地平线上。
【单词讲解25】delicacy n. 娇嫩、脆弱
【变形】delicate a 脆弱的、易损的 =fragile
【短语】a delicate child 虚弱的、瘦弱的 delicate hands精美的 小巧玲珑的
【例句】She handled the situation with great sensitivity and delicacy.她慎重而周到地处理了这个情况。
【题目应用】
（1）She handled the situation with great sensitivity and______________.她慎重而周到地处理了这个情况。
（2）The eye is one of the most ________________organs of the body.眼睛是人体最娇贵的器官之一。
二、第一单元的短语汇总
1. win the heart of sb.深受某人喜欢
2. be home to...是……的栖息地
3. a huge variety of wildlife种类繁多的野生动物
4. wander the remote forests漫步于偏远的森林
5. unique scenic spot 独特的景点
6. the ethnic variety 种族多元化
7. cultural diversity 文化多元性
8. a dynamic city一个活力四射的城市
9. dance to fiddle tunes随着小提琴的曲调起舞
10. be exposed to diverse cultures接触不同的文化
11. feel transported through time and space感觉穿越时空
12. the towering mountain peaks 巍峨的山峰
13. the depth of the forests 森林深处
14. geographical wonders 地理奇观
15. be ranked as... 被列为/评为……
16. unfold with breathtaking beauty and richness 绽放出惊人的美丽与丰富
17. make a resolution to do下决心去做
18. set off出发；引起；动身；使爆炸
19. contrast strikingly with对比明显
20. fall on投射到，落在
21. with the approach of随着……的来临/临近
22. wander over漫步
23. be alive with充满，活跃的
24. a bunch of一群；一束；一堆
三、第一单元的基础运用
1）单词填空
1．Why does the media present such a negative view of this ___________(极佳的) city
2．Today，as the world's ___________(城市的) population explodes, cities become more crowded.
3．His contribution to the boy's ____________(幸福) is to equip him for the world in which he lives.
4．For individual travelers, hotel ______________(住处), air tickets, travel insurance are required.
5．Vegetation patterns changed when ____________(山羊) were introduced to the island.
6．In order to live in___________ (和睦), sometimes you need to make compromises.
7．It's bad manners (礼貌) to burst into one's room without knocking.
8．Although the lady looks __________(文雅的), actually she is hard to get along with.
9．Apart from several __________(停车) tickets, the driver was also fined for speeding on the highway, which is likely to contribute to his driving license being cancelled.
10．Approaching the city centre, we saw a stone (雕像) ____________of about 10 meters in height.
2）词形变换
1．The reason why I was very unsatisfied is that I was ____________in the village for the first time that was small and desperately in need of proper____________．(accommodate)
2．After three days without food, the men were close to_________．If we had come later, they would have ____________to death.(starve)
3．With his business going on well, he at first ___________big houses and cars; and later he took ___________of stocks of different companies. Eventually, he found that everything he dreamed of was in his___________．(possess)
4．A DNA analysis of skin samples from the live fish suggests that walking sharks broke away from their original population and became a distinct species about nine million years ago. It seems easy to make a __________(distinct) between the walking shark and other sharks.
5．As we all know，there are varieties of resources at the__________ of the ocean. The diver was ____________struck by the beauty.(deep)
6．The famous star was enjoying the pleasant ____________when he was recognized and was _____________by a crowd of fans.(surround)
7．Gas and oil ___________always increases in cold weather. Many __________expressed great concern about prices.(consume)
8. The first thing the local government did was provide _____________(accommodate) for the homeless families.
9.Philosophers did not use to make a _____________(distinct) between arts and science.
10. That weekend，we went to a ___________(surround) neighborhood and gave them to the people there free of charge.
11.We felt at home with her and were impressed with the__________ (deep) of her knowledge.
12. The Chinese used the bean directly for human ______________(consume) in a variety of foods.
13.The car ran slowly on the _________(mud) countryside street.
14. Music is a kind of abstract art form, is also a kind of ____________(elegance) art behavior.
3）单句填空
1．The audience watched as the story __________(fold) before their eyes.
2．It came as_____ surprise that she left the company ahead of schedule.
3．I think that it comes down _________the fact that people do feel very dependent on their automobiles.
4．She made her way _________the kitchen, hoping to find someone preparing dinner.
5．Activities there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and __________(accommodate) aim to have a low impact on the natural environment.
6．The other side of the coin is equally a deprivation: for health and wellbeing，as well as lost opportunities (机会) for children to get to know their local ____________(surround).
7. Just before and an hour after each workout，the scientists took additional __________(sample) of the men's blood and fat tissue.
8. All customers travelling on TransLink services must be in _____________(possess) of a valid ticket before boarding.
9. You also need to judge the quality and ____________(deep) of your motivation. This is quite important，because it is directly related to your commitment.
10.According to the World Bank，China accounts for about 30 percent of total global fertilizer___________ (consume).
4）选词填空
apart from, off the beaten track, come as no surprise, be home to, make one's way to,
beat down, make up, come down to
1．The findings would _________________to some social scientists — and indeed working mothers.
2．_____________ their house in London, they also have one in Spain.
3．What it _____________________is, either I get more money or I leave.
4．Pakaya says he fears the death toll will rise as rescue teams __________________the disaster zone.
5．China is the world's most populous country with a population of 1.1 billion, which _________approximately a quarter of the world population.
6．Even in the winter with the rain_________________, it's nice and cosy in there.
7．The workers of the shop went_________________ and designed a newtype grinder.
8．The great land _______________many different kinds of animals.
一、第二单元的重要单词讲解
【单词讲解1】absence n. 缺乏，不存在；缺席
【变形】absent adj.缺席的 absentee n. 缺席
【短语】
某人不在的时候in/during one’s absence
缺席be absent from
心不在焉的；健忘的absent-minded
【题目应用】
（1）The decision was made _________my absence.这个决定是我不在的时候作出的。
（2）There has been much gossip about the possible reasons for his__________.关于他缺席的原因有很多传言。
【单词讲解2】bother vt. 使烦恼，使担心；花费时间精力（做某事）；打扰
vi. 花费时间精力（做某事）
n. 麻烦，困难
【短语】
费心地/麻烦地做某事bother doing/to do sth.
麻烦某人某事bother sb. with sth.
干某事使某人烦恼/担心It bothers sb. to do sth.
没关系，不费事It’s no bother.
【例句】I don't want to bother her with my problems at the moment. 我此刻不想让她为我的事操心。
It bothers me to think of her alone in that big house.
想到她孤零零地待在那所大房子里，我便坐立不安。
【题目应用】
（1）Why bother_______(ask) if you're not really interested 如果你不是真的感兴趣，干吗费口舌打听呢？
（2）It's not worth bothering __________an umbrella ─ the car's just outside.不必打伞——汽车就停在外面。
【单词讲解3】occupy vt. 占用，使用；居住；占领，侵占；使忙于
【变形】n. occupation 职业；占有，占领；占用
【短语】
使某人忙于某事occupy sb. with sth.
使某人忙于做某事occupy sb. (in) doing sth.
忙于某事be occupied with sth.
忙于做某事be occupied (in) doing sth.
被……占领be occupied by
在占领中under occupation
【例句】Problems at work continued to occupy his mind for some time.工
作上的问题继续在他的脑海中萦绕了一段时间。
Only half her time is occupied with politics.她只用自己一半的时间从事政治活动。
【题目应用】
（1）During the war their lands ___________by the enemy.战争期间他们的土地被敌人占据了。
（2）He's fully occupied ________looking after three small children.照顾三个小孩把他忙得不可开交。
【单词讲解4】cast new light on (使……)进一步了解
【变形】cast-cast-cast
【短语】
对……产生怀疑cast doubt on
使……蒙上阴影cast/throw a shadow on/over
回顾；回想cast one’s mind back (to sth)
【例句】His words cast a new light on the problem.他的话题使人们对这个问题有了新的认识。
【题目应用】
（1）His diary cast light on life in England in the seventeenth century他的日记使人了解17世纪英格兰的生活情况。
（2）这篇文章阐明了美国初等教育的问题。
_______________________________________________________________________
【单词讲解5】exposure n. 面临，遭受；揭露；报道
【变形】v. expose揭露，揭穿；暴露，显露；使遭受；使接触
【短语】
暴露于……；遭受……exposure to sth.
把……暴露于……，使……遭受……expose...to...
（被）暴露于，遭受…be exposed to
显露/暴露自己expose oneself
【例句】He had been deafened by prolonged exposure to the noise of the guns firing.
长时间听着枪声使他双耳失聪。
Also, skin doctors warn people to be careful with sun exposure.
另外，皮肤科医生也警告人们要小心太阳暴晒。
【题目应用】
（1）Workers at the nuclear plant were exposed_______ high doses of radiation.核电站的工作人员受到大量辐射。
（2）他不想向任何人显露他的恐惧与不安。
_______________________________________________________________________
【单词讲解6】visible adj. 看得见的；明显的
【变形】adv. visibly 可见，明显地 adj. invisible不可见的
【短语】be visible to… 为……所能看得见的
【例句】She made a visible effort to control her anger.看得出她竭力控制自己不发火。
【题目应用】
（1）Most stars are not visible_________ the naked eye.大多数星星肉眼看不见。
（2）The rain had stopped and a star or two was _______________over the mountains雨停了，山顶上有一两颗星星在闪烁。
【单词讲解7】in view of =in terms of 就…而言 鉴于，考虑到
【用法】
在某人看来，依照个人的见解in one’s view
从某人的角度/观点出发from one’s point of view
把……看作……view…as…
【例句】In view of this, the decision may not be easy.考虑到这点，可能很难作出决定。
Why can't you ever see my point of view 你怎么老不明白我的观点呢？
【题目应用】
（1）基于目前这种情况，我们不得不修改原来的计划。
_________________________________________________________________________
（2）_________________, it was a waste of time.依我看，这是浪费时间。
【单词讲解8】vital adj. 必不可少的，对……极重要的；维持生命所必需的
【用法】
极其重要的be of vital importance
在……中发挥着重要的作用play a vital role in
做某事是极重要的It is vital to do sth./ It is vital that从句（用虚拟语气should）
【例句】
Spending some time in the gym is of vital importance to astronauts’ health.
It is vital that you (should) keep accurate records when you are self-employed.
【题目应用】
（1）Reading is ___________vital importance in language learning.阅读在语言学习中至关重要。
（2）The police_________________________ our society.警察在我们的社会中起着极其重要的作用。
（3）__________was vital to show that he was not afraid.最重要的是要表现出他毫无畏惧。
【单词讲解9】crucial adj. 至关重要的，关键性的
【变形】adv. crucially 至关重要地，关键性地
【用法】
对……是至关重要的be crucial to/for…
在……中发挥着重要的作用play a crucial role in
做某事是极重要的It is crucial that从句（用虚拟语气should可省略）
【例句】Winning this contract is crucial to the success of the company.
赢得这份合同对这家公司的成败至关重要。
It is crucial that we get this right.我们把这个问题弄明白是极其重要的。
Parents play a crucial role in preparing their child for school.
父母对孩子做好上学的准备起着至关重要的作用。
【题目应用】
（1）Certainly, the early years are crucial __________a child's development.毫无疑问，幼年对儿童的成长至关重要。
（2）____________________all documents presented are authentic and easily verifiable.
所有提交的文件必须真实且易于查证，这一点很关键。
【单词讲解10】foundation n. 基础，根据；地基；创办；基金会
【变形】v. found创立，建立；创办
【用法】
为……打下基础lay/provide the foundation(s) for
坚实的基础a solid/firm foundation
【例句】This provided a solid foundation for their marriage.这为他们的婚姻提供了坚实的基础。
This laid the foundations for later modern economic growth.这为后来的现代经济发展奠定了基础。
【题目应用】
（1）The town was ____________in 1610.这个镇建于 1610 年。
（2）Their marriage _______________on love and mutual respect.他们的婚姻建立在爱情和互相尊重的基础上。
【单词讲解11】origin n. 起源，起因；出身
【变形】adj./n. original adj. 原始的，最早的；独创的，新颖的
adv. originally 最初
v. originate vi. 起源，发生
【用法】
起源于……have one’s origin in sth.
起源于，来自 originate in sth.
【例句】This particular custom has its origins in Wales.这一特殊风俗起源于威尔士。
It is one of the most original works of imagination in the language.
这是用该语言写成的最具独创性和想象力的作品之一。
【题目应用】
（1）Thomas has not forgotten his humble_____________.托马斯没有忘记自己卑微的出身。
（2）Many of them are descendants of the____________ settlers.他们中许多人都是早期移民的后裔。
【单词讲解12】frequency n. 发生率，出现率；频繁；频率
【变形】adj./v. frequent adj. 频繁的，经常发生的
adv. frequently频繁地，经常
【用法】高/低发生率；高/低频率high/low frequency
【例句】The frequency of Kara's phone calls increased rapidly...卡拉的电话飞速增多。
There is a frequent bus service into the centre of town. 公共汽车有很多班次开往市中心区。
【题目应用】
（1）You can't hear waves of such___________________.如此高频率的声波是无法听到的。
（2）She's a _______________to the US.她经常去美国。
【单词讲解13】shelter n. 居所，住处；庇护 庇护处，避难处 [c]；收容所 [c]
vt. 保护，掩蔽 vi. 躲避
【用法】
庇护某人give sb. shelter
躲避……；保护……不受shelter (...) from...
【例句】They provided food and shelter for the poor.他们为贫困者提供食物和住所。
The tree affords some shelter from the sun. 这棵树可以挡一挡太阳。
【题目应用】
（1）There was no shelter __________the fury of the storm.那时没有地方可以躲避狂风暴雨。
（2）There aren't enough tents to ____________them all.没有足够的帐篷供他们容身。
【单词讲解14】evaluate vt. 评估，估计，评价
【变形】evaluation n.评价；评估
【单词讲解15】luxury n. 不常有的乐趣（或享受）；奢侈品
【变形】luxurious adj.奢侈的
【单词讲解16】furthermore adv. 此外，再者
【例句】I don't want to go there, furthermore, I have no time to do so.我不想去那里，而且我也没时间去。
【题目应用】
He said he had not discussed the matter with her.______________, he had not even contacted her.
他说他没有和她讨论过这个问题。而且，他甚至没有和她联系过。
【单词讲解17】discipline vt. 严格要求（自己）；惩罚；训练
n. 训练，纪律；行为准则；自制力
【单词讲解18】permanent adj. 永久的，永恒的
【变形】permanence n.永恒；永久
【单词讲解19】merely adv. 仅仅，只不过
【变形】mere adj.仅仅的
【例句】It is not merely a job, but a way of life.这不仅仅是一份工作，而且是一种生活方式。
【题目应用】
（1）They agreed to go __________because they were getting paid for it.他们同意去只是因为他们会得到酬劳。
（2）I judged by actions, ______________by words.我根据行动，而不是只根据语言进行判断。
【单词讲解20】investment n. 投资；投入
【变形】invest v.投资
【例句】This country needs investment in education.这个国家需要对教育进行投资。
The project has demanded considerable investment of time and effort.
该项目已让我们投入了相当多的时间和精力。
【题目应用】
为了适应国家未来的需要，必须现在就投资医院建设。
________________________________________________________________
【单词讲解21】calculate vt. 计算，核算；预测
【变形】calculator n.计算器 calculation n.计算
【单词讲解22】assistant n. 助理；售货员；助教
adj. 助理的，副的
【变形】assist v.帮助 assistance n.帮助
【例句】My assistant will stand in for me while I'm away.我不在期间，由我的助手代替我。
We will assist you in finding somewhere to live. 们将帮你找个住的地方。
【题目应用】
（1）Julia was assisting him_________________ his speech朱莉娅正在帮他准备讲演稿。
（2）他要我们帮助他实施他们的计划。
____________________________________________________________________
【单词讲解23】incredibly adv. 极其，极端地；令人难以置信
【变形】incredible adj. 不可相信的，难以置信的
【单词讲解24】constant adj. 固定的，不变的；连续发生的，重复的
二、第二单元的短语汇总
1.conduct scientific research做科学研究
2.carry out experiments进行实验
3.in the circumstances在这种情况下
4.exposure to the cold and radiation暴露在寒冷和辐射中
5.in view of鉴于，考虑到
6.a significant amount of 大量的……
7.expand our understanding拓展我们的理解
8.enhance the quality of our lives提高生活质量
9.long to do渴望做……
10.be fascinated by 被……吸引；对……着迷
11.address fundamental questions 回答/解决基本问题
12.mass-produce批量生产
13.thirst for knowledge对知识的渴望；求知欲
三、第二单元的基础运用
Living in space is a challenging but magical adventure. People would love to know _1____ daily life is like in space and how it differs from that on the Earth.Due to the near _2_______ (absent) of gravity in space,the astronauts have to attach themselves so that they don’t float around. Their main task is to conduct scientific research and with the space station _3_______ (need) a lot of maintenance, hey _4_______ (constant) check support systems and do some cleaning. The most _5________ (challenge) work is to perform tasks outside the space station and in the circumstances,it's time for a spacewalk. _6______ view of the low-gravity environment, eating is also different in space with most food dried or freeze-dried and they must drink water through _7_______ thin tube of plastic from a bag Exercise is of vital importance to their health and they have to be tied onto special exercise equipment _8_______(stop)themselves from floating around. During _9________ (they) leisure time,they like to sit back with the rest of the crew and watch the Earth go by,_10________ (take) pictures for their family and friends.
Space exploration is extremely difficult and dangerous, can take a very long time and _1_____ (cost) a huge amount of money. Why do we continue to explore space then That's because it is in our nature _2_______ (explore). From the very early days of human life on the Earth, our curiosity about _3_______ unknown has kept us _4_________ (adventure) into new places. We even desire to explore the furthest frontier of all-space, because we are curious _5_______ what makes the universe exist and wonder whether there is life on other _6_______ (planet). By exploring space, we can solve some of the big problems facing mankind, _7________ (make) our lives safer and easier. Although space exploration demands huge _8________ (invest),the space industry can actually bring great economic value. Moreover, the _9_________ (amaze) work people do can provide education and inspiration for the next generation, _10_______ may be the biggest reason for humanity to explore space.
课文语法填空
Not only _1_______ (be) Canada a broad and beautiful country stretching from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean, but it is also one of the most ethnically diverse nations in the world.
There is great diversity in geography in Canada. To the east of the Pacific coast rise the grand Rocky Mountains, _2________ are home to high peaks and deep valleys. One truly unique scenic spot in Canada is the mighty Niagara Falls with water _3________ (rush) over its edge. Besides its geographical diversity, Canada's many rural areas and urban centers reflect the diversity of _4______ (it)residents. It is thought _5_______ some of Canadas earliest settlers crossed the Bering Strait by means of a land bridge. The first Europeans also started _6_______ (settle)in some of the eastern provinces centuries ago. About one out of five people in Canada's population is foreign-born. Therefore, this ethnic variety brings about _7_________(culture) diversity. You can participate _8________ the celebrations of the Chinese New Year, or you may take tea in the Dr Sun Yat-Sen Classical Chinese Garden in Vancouver. As you are exposed to diverse cultures, you may feel transported through time and space.
From the towering mountain peaks to the depths of the forests to the urban centers, Canada's geographical _9_________ (wonder)，ethnic groups and their cultures make it _10_____ unique place to live and visit.
My parents and I had finally arrived at Merzouga. The unending sand dunes that marked the _1______(begin) of the Sahara stretched before us. The wind _2________ (blow) grains of sand from the tops of the _3________ (dune),and the sun was beating down hard and bright. There was not a plant to be seen.
_4________ (eventual), we arrived at our desert camp.
3 July, Kenya
A few days after our departure, our car was well and truly stuck _5________ the mud. Fortunately,two tall slim local people realized that we were totally _6______(help)and wandered over and pushed _7________ (we) free.
We found a parking space next to our hut. There were five similar huts, all lined up _8_____ (face) Mount
Kilimanjaro. Tall grasses and trees dotted the plains, _9________ were alive with the African wildlife we had come to see.
We got out of the car, and I placed some foods on a small wooden table, It was then _10________ I noticed a small grey monkey sitting on a tree a few metres away and eating a banana.
Canada—a land of diversity
Canada, which impresses people with its breathtaking beauty, richness and distinct cultures,(1)___________(be)a huge and beautiful country.Canada(2)___________(make) up of ten provinces and three territories with(3)__________(diverse)in geography, among(4)___________there are Rocky Mountains, ancient glaciers,national parks, Niagara Falls and so on.
Besides its(5)___________(geography) diversity, Canada also reflects the diversity of its residents and a vast(6)___________(combine) of ethnic groups today. And cultural diversity comes(7)___________turn with this ethnic variety. For example, you can(8)
(celebration) the Chinese New Year in Vancouver, enjoy the(9)___________(origin) French-style architecture in Montreal(10)___________appreciate the cultures and traditions of Celtic settlers in Nova Scotia.(11)___________(expose) to these cultural differences, you may feel going through time and space.(12)___________(give) these differences, it is not
___________(surprise) that Canada has been celebrating Multiculturalism Day since 2002.
(14)___________makes Canada a unique place is its geographical wonders, ethnic groups and their cultures. Indeed, the UN has ranked it (15)___________one of the best countries to live in.
An adventure in Africa
After my parents and I(1)___________( drive) from Marrakesh to Merzouga, we saw the
unending sand dunes(2)___________( stretch) before us, marking the beginning of the Sahara.(3)___________( see) the yellow roadside sign which reminded us of a“ fragile natural environment ” here, I made a resolution to respect and(4)___________( protect) the unique landscape. With sand dunes towering high above, wind(5)___________( blow) violently, the sun beating down and the sky being a deep shade of blue,I(6)___________ (lose) in the wild beauty. Without any plant to be seen, the desert appeared(7)___________(complete) empty. In sight were only dunes, the colours of which contrasted strikingly(8)___________the blue sky. Eventually, we arrived at the camp, the night(9)___________(approach).
On our way to the camp in Amboseli National Park located on the border of Kenya, due to my(10)___________(father) carelessness, our car(11)___________(stick) in the mud. Luckily, with the help of two local people we soon got out of(12)___________(embarrass) and waved them goodbye.
At the (13)___________(park) space next to our hut, we were(14)___________(amaze) by the grand beauty of the plains, which seemed to come(15)___________(live) with its grand surroundings as well as the African wild life.
真题感知
1.（2023年新高考I卷）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, ____36____ (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether ____37____ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), ____38____ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. Shanghai may be the ____39____ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace. There you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed ____40____ hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____41____ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of ____42____ (they) contents. The meat should be fresh with ____43____ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.
No matter where I buy them, one steamer is ____44____ (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left _____45_____ (want) more next time.
2.（2023年全国甲卷）
根据短 内容, 从短 后的选项中选出能填 空 处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tricks To Becoming A More Patient Person
Here's a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common There's one answer: 1 .
In the Digital Age, we're used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we'd be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.
● Practice gratitude (感激) Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic. 2 . "Showing thankfulness can foster self-control," said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.
● Make yourself wait Instant gratification (满 ) may seem like the most "feel good" option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. 3 . Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You'll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations.
● 4
So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to
say to yourself, " 5 ." You'll then gradually become more patient.
A. Find your causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncomfortable
D. All this adds up to a state of hurry
E. It can also help us practice more patience
F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G. They're all situations where we could use a little extra patience
3.（2023年全国乙卷）
你校英 报社正在组织以“Learning a New Skill”为主题的征稿，请你以投稿的 式， 英语讲述假期 学习 项新技能的经历。
请包括以下要点：（1）学习到的新技能； （2）描述你的体验和感受。
注意： （1）词数100左右； （2）题 已为你写好。
Learning a New Skill ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
提升专练
阅读理解
A
Recreational activities on Crown land
Canadian residents
Camp for free up to 21 days on any one site in a calendar year. This ensures sites are available to others and helps reduce environmental impacts.
Non-residents, 18 years and up
You will need a non-resident camping permit to camp on Crown land north of the French and Mattawa rivers, unless otherwise prohibited.
Camp up to 21 days on any one site in a calendar year.
Check if camping is allowed on the Crown land where you are planning to camp.
You do not need a permit if you:
● rent a camping unit from a person who conducts business in Ontario.
● own property in Ontario.
● carry out duties as part of employment in Canada.
● are a charitable or non-profit group that is authorized by the Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry(MNRF)to camp.
Buy a camping permit
Non-residents who need a permit can buy one online or through participating ServiceOntario centres and authorized licence issuers in Northern Ontario.
Cost=$9.35+ tax $10.57 (child under 12 without tax) per person, each night.
Fish while camping on Crown land
You need a valid fishing licence before you can fish.
Campfires
Before starting a campfire, check local fire warnings and restrictions in the area. In some cases, camp fires may be prohibited altogether due to seasonal conditions.
1．How much might you pay for two days’ bike-hiring in Mountain-biking
A． 15. B． 20.
C． 30. D． 374.
2．What will you do in Camping
A．Hunt for animals. B．Enjoy challenging camping.
C．Visit traditional stone walls. D．Climb an across-country mountain.
3．Where can you find coastal B&Bs
A．At bandbullapool. co. uk. B．At aurora .
C．At . D．At .
B
The other day a big,ugly,black bat found its way to the bathroom of my house and hung, upside down, over the toilet bowl. As "the man of the house", I was asked to rid the house of the awful creature. I grabbed a pillow and held the broom.I quickly opened the bathroom door and threw the pillow at the bat. It didn't move. Then that old feeling started to come over me. It was the same feeling I experienced when I was sent down the stairs in the middle of the night to see what made a noise.The feeling can be summed up in one word-trapped.
All men, I think, sometimes have had that feeling of being trapped in some male role. It may be something as simple as having to carve the chicken before it is served,or having to pretend that you know something about car engines when the car won't start.However,women nowadays seem to have the freedom to be themselves.They can repair cars or be fire fighters.Yet men appear to be more afraid to do something different. It's as if being a man is
not what you are,but what you do and the way you do it.
As I came towards the fierce and frightening bat, I wondered what would happen if I had simply told my wife that I won't do it-that she could get it out, or else call someone in the morning. But I couldn't do that! I am the man! I slowly opened the window and closed the toilet bowl cover. I then, carefully, lifted the broom over my head and swept the bat out the window. Just like that, it was gone.
My wife was so pleased and in the morning,my son thought I was a hero. They asked me how I had got rid of the bat. I started to tell them-but then stopped.A man doesn't talk of such things.
1．Why does the author mention the old feeling in Paragraph 1
A．To recall the old days. B．To show his fear of darkness.
C．To predict his fight with the bat. D．To highlight the situation of being trapped.
2．What does the author mean by mentioning women’s freedom in Paragraph 2
A．Men are forced to bear household burdens.
B．Men have to live up to social expectations.
C．Women are free to choose their jobs.
D．Women are equal to men in workplaces.
3．The last sentence of the passage implies that the author________.
A．believes silence is gold B．feels proud of himself
C．will do what he has to do D．will be what he wants to be
