2024年中考英语热点与传统练习题
一、语法填空
A
“Lying down” (also known as tang ping), 1. （become） a hot word among young Chinese people these days. The idea of low material needs and being willing to accept whatever life gives them 2. （describe）as a “lying down” lifestyle.
Some young people complain that to raise a child needs too much money and they often get into a fight 3. their family. At the same time, the rising living costs including food and housing have pushed them so hard that they could hardly breathe. Some want to lie down because their tiring jobs, competition with peers, as well as personal relationships force them 4.
（run）away.
On the other hand, with the great 5. （improve）of living conditions, it is true that some Chinese youth today have lost the spirit of fighting hard for a better life. “I stay at home, sleep and watch TV series, and I’m pleased with what I have now. 6. （actual）, there are many people around me who value happiness and freedom most,” said Daisy, who left 7. （she）job two weeks ago. No wonder that some young people would choose to live 8. simple way instead of always following the good quality of fighting hard.
Interestingly, most young people, who are “big fans” of the “lying down” lifestyle, point out that they only accept a temporary (暂时的) lying down as a short rest. In fact, lying down is not totally comfortable for them. Most young people 9. lie down always regard it as a lack of ambition (抱负、夙愿) and feel ashamed (羞耻的) about it.
“Young people have both ambition and confusion (困惑) about their future, 10. most of us have refused to waste chances and challenges,” a college student said.
B
Have you ever heard of Ma Mian Qun or the horse-face skirt Recently, this traditional Chinese skirt has become surprisingly popular all around the world. They not only appear in some international events but are 1. (easy) seen on the streets of big cities and faraway villages.
2. is the secret behind its popularity Hu Xiao, 3. expert in Hanfu said, “Perhaps it is the cultural DNA that makes it loved worldwide.” The beauty of the Chinese Hanfu can date back to 4. (thousand) of years ago and is the symbol of the beauty of Chinese culture. Actually, Ma Mian Qun is a good example of traditional Chinese clothing styles 5. catch the eyes of the world. “New Chinese-style clothing” is 6. greatly welcomed that we have seen more international designers using the form of Chinese Hanfu in their clothing designs. It 7. (help) more foreigners to get a deeper understanding of the Chinese culture in the future.
“For most of the young people, 8. (wear) the skirt is not just for fashion.” said Mao, one of the Hanfu lovers. “It is a way that we remind 9. (we) of the value of the Chinese culture. We also want to tell the world how much we are proud 10. China.”
C
How long or far is sanshe in the idiom tuibisan-she
In ancient times, she 1. (be) a unit of distance (距离). One she is as far as 30 li. One li is 500 meters and 30 li is 15,000 meters. So sanshe is 45 2. (kilometer).
There is a story behind this idiom. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Prince Chong’er of the Jin State 3. (run) away from his home state. He wanted 4. (travel) to other states.
Once, he went to the State of Chu. The king, Chu Chengwang served 5. (he) a feast (盛宴). He asked Chong’er, “If you rule (统治) the State of Jin one day, how would you thank me ” “It 6. (seem) your state has everything you want. I have nothing that you like,” Chong’er said. However, Chengwang still asked for something. 7. (final), Chong’er said, “I would ask my army to retreat (撤退) sanshe if we ever fight.”
Later, Chong’er returned to his home the State of Jin and became its ruler called Wengong. Both of the two wanted to become 8. _ (strong) and get more land. They went to war with each other. Jin Wengong didn’t break his promise. He asked his army to retreat sanshe and stay in Chengpu. The Chu army 9. (think) that the Jin soldiers were afraid to fight, so they followed them. To their surprise, the Jin army surrounded (包围) them. In the end, Jin won the war. This was the famous Battle of Chengpu. After this war, people used tuibisan-she 10. (mean) retreating to avoid a conflict (冲突).
二、阅读理解
A
①Japan’s population is rapidly aging, with 28 percent of its people aged 65 or older. This means there aren’t enough young people doing jobs that need physical strength (力量) like building things and farming.
②To encourage older people to work on, technology companies in Japan have developed special suits called exoskeleton (外骨骼). These suits can make it easier to lift and carry heavy objects.
③“We have no choice, elderly people need to stay in the workplace,” says Daigo Orihara at Innophys. This company has made a suit called the Every Muscle Suit. It’s light, weighing less than 4 kg. It doesn’t need any batteries (电池) or motors (发动机). When users put it on like a backpack, they pump (抽气) air into it 30 times with a hand pump. Then, the suit can help them lift up to 25 kg easily. The suit costs about 1000 pounds and is used by food companies to help worker lift big boxes, by old people’s homes to help workers lift people in and out of bed, as well as by food factories and building companies.
④Another company, Panasonic, is also developing different exoskeleton suits. Its most important one—the Atoun Model Y—costs 4200 pounds. It uses motors instead of air to work and can last for 8 hours. It weighs 4.5 kg and can help users lift up to 10 kg.
⑤Similarly, Japanese company JTEKT, part of the Toyota group, also began selling an exoskeleton. It’s used to help older workers and also runs on a motor.
⑥As Japan is facing the problems of fewer and fewer workers, they may need to raise the age when people stop working. This means there will be even more need for exoskeleton to help older people keep working.
1．Why do Japanese technology companies develop exoskeleton
A．To take the place of humans with machines.
B．To compete with other countries in technology.
C．To encourage older people to stay in jobs for longer.
D．To help young workers move heavy objects more easily.
2．What can we know from the passage
A．The Every Muscle Suit needs electricity.
B．The Every Muscle Suit can help users lift up to 25 kg.
C．The Every Muscle Suit is heavier than the Atoun Model Y.
D．The Every Muscle Suit is more expensive than the Atoun Model Y.
3．Which is the best structure of this passage
(①=Para.1 ②=Para.2 ③=Para.3 ④=Para.4 ⑤=Para.5 ⑥= Para.6)
A． B． C． D．
4．What’s the best title for the passage
A．The Every Muscle Suit
B．Japan’s Technology Companies
C．Reasons for Japan’s Aging Challenge
D．Exoskeletons: to Solve Japan’s Aging Challenge
B
When do you become an adult (成年人) The answers are different from country to country. In modern China, adulthood for both boys and girls starts at the age of 18. By the time most people reach 18, they have finished high school and are ready for university. So a person’s 18th birthday often means a celebration of both adulthood and the start of college life.
Did children in ancient China become adults at 18 In fact, boys in ancient China became adults at 20 and girls at 15. And there was a ceremony to celebrate this time. After the ceremony, a young person could be called an “adult”.
For girls, the ceremony was called Ji Li. “Ji” is a kind of hairpin (发夹). In ancient times, only girls from rich families could have this ceremony. It was simple and didn’t take much time. Before the ceremony, a girl would tie her hair on the top of her head. At the ceremony, a woman in the family would put a hairpin on a girl’s hair. It meant she was now an adult. After the ceremony, she needed to learn a lot, like the right way to speak and dress.
For boys, the ceremony was called Guan Li. ▲ Before the ceremony, a boy’s family often chose a lucky day and invited many guests. On that day, the boy needed to dress up. The father would wash hands and put three hats on the boy’s head, one by one. Then the boy would change into another set of clothes to go with the color of the hats. After these steps, the boy would become a “man”.
5．When did a person become an adult in ancient China
A．At the age of 18 for both boys and girls. B．At the age of 18 for boys and 15 for girls.
C．At the age of 20 for boys and 18 for girls. D．At the age of 20 for boys and 15 for girls.
6．Which of the following can be put in ▲
A．It was usually in May. B．“Guan” is a kind of hat.
C．It is the same as Ji Li. D．After Guan Li, the boy would have a new name.
7．What can we infer (推测) from the passage
A．People saw a boy’s Guan Li as an important celebration.
B．On a boy’s Guan Li, the father put three hats on his son’s head.
C．All boys and girls had a ceremony to celebrate their being an adult.
D．People expected boys to speak and dress in a right way after they grew up.
8．In which part of a magazine can you most probably read this article
A．Life and health. B．History and culture. C．Business world. D．National news.
C
Awakening of Insects (惊蛰) fell on March 5 and ended on March 20 this year. Its date slightly changes each year because of the lunar calendar system. It shows that animals sleeping in winter are awakened by spring thunder and the earth begins to come back to life.
Spring thunder cracks the sky
An old Chinese saying goes, “If the first spring thunder crashes before the Awakening of Insects, there will be unusual weather that year.” Around the Awakening of Insects, the earth becomes humid (潮湿的) and the hot air near the surface rises. At the same time, the cold dry air from the north is strong and creates winds. When the two airflows (气流) come together, thunder forms during this time.
Spring ploughing (耕作)
The Awakening of Insects is important to farmers because they take it as the beginning of the busiest time for farm work. During this time, most areas of China see the quickest rise in temperatures, usually reaching above 10 degrees. There is also a big increase in sunshine, which provides good conditions for farming.
____▲______
Around the Awakening of Insects, some animals wake up, and so do fish. They swim from deep water to shallow water in search of food, ready to have babies. It is a perfect time for fishing. Fishing can help people relax in body and mind, especially for people living in the city. Driving to the countryside, fishing in a lake, bathing in the sunlight, enjoying the singing birds and beautiful flowers make a perfect weekend in spring.
Eating pears
Eating pears around the Awakening of Insects is a common practice in China. As the weather gets warmer and the air becomes drier, people will feel their mouths are dry, which can cause colds or coughs. Pears which are sweet, juicy and cold may stop a cough. So pears are highly recommended during the Awakening of Insects.
7．Thunder forms around the Awakening of Insects because _________.
A．the hot air near the surface goes up
B．animals sleeping in winter all wake up
C．the cold dry air from the south spreads
D．the hot humid air meets the cold dry air
8．The writer tells the importance of the Awakening of Insects to farmers by ________.
A．showing time B．giving examples
C．explaining reasons D．presenting numbers
9．Which of the following is the most suitable for ___▲_____
A．Going fishing
B．Swimming in deep water
C．Driving to the countryside
D．Enjoying beautiful flowers
10．Which sentence is TRUE according to the passage
A．Eating pears can cause colds or coughs.
B．People who live in cities may like fishing a lot.
C．Awakening of Insects begins on March 5 every year.
D．Temperature rises slowly during the Awakening of Insects.
D
Traditional Chinese Culture: Qin Qi Shu Hua
Chinese Folk Music Chinese folk music is connected with ancient Chinese stories. One of the classics, Shijing, included some folk songs from the West Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn Period. Traditional Chinese musical instruments such as guzheng, pipa, erhu, xiao are still played by artists today.
Weiqi Weiqi, also called yi in ancient China, is a smart board game between two players with a history of over 3,000 years. With the development of weiqi, people create different kinds of chess games. Now it even becomes an event in the international chess games.
Chinese Handwriting Chinese handwriting is a special art of Asian cultures. It is much loved around the world since many centuries ago. Wang Xizhi was very famous and he made a great achievement in brush handwriting. Many kids nowadays start to practice brush handwriting when they are very young.
Chinese Painting In ancient China, most of the Chinese paintings were done on paper or silk. Traditional Chinese painting includes mountains and water, flowers and birds, animals, figures (人物). The highest form of Chinese painting is mountains and water, but it takes time and efforts to learn and become good at it. Now we need more young people to pass it on.
11. How many kinds of traditional Chinese culture are mentioned in this passage
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six.
12. Which is the right Chinese word for Weiqi’s ancient name yi
A. 弈. B. 羿. C. 异. D. 翼.
13. What have we learned about Wang Xizhi from the passage
A. He was a great musician.
B. He was a great weiqi player.
C. He was good at Chinese painting.
D. He made a great achievement in Chinese handwriting.
14. What is the highest form of Chinese painting
A. Figures. B. Flowers and birds.
C. Mountains and water. D. Animals and plants.
15. How does the writer introduce Traditional Chinese Culture to us
①explaining its name ② telling its history
③showing today’s development ④ listing symbol(s) or types
①②③ B. ①②④ C. ②③④ D. ①②③④
E
Wukong, Tiangong, Tianwen… Do you know where the names of Chinese space programs come from
Wukong, the Dark Matter Explorer satellite (暗物质探测卫星), is named after the Chinese superhero, the Monkey King or Sun Wukong. According to journey to the west, the Monkey King has a pair of sharp eyes, which can easily tell differences between the good and the bad. The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as the Monkey King to help scientists search for the dark matter in space.
The name of the space station Tiangong means “Heaven Palace” in Chinese myths (神话), this is the home of Tian Di. Now Tiangong Space Station is home for Chinese astronauts in space. And China welcomes foreign astronauts to Tiangong so that they can work together.
Tianwen, Chinese Mars missions (任务), gets its name from the poem Tianwen by Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan is a well-known poet in ancient China. In Tianwen, he had the questions about the sky, stars, nature, myths and the real world, showing his hunger for the truth of the universe (宇宙). Perhaps the Tianwen missions will end up answering some of Qu Yuan’s questions.
If you look into more names of Chinese space programs, you will find that they all have beautiful meanings. We, almost all the Chinese people, have good hopes and expectations for our space dream. So, the naming of Chinese space programs is taken very seriously.
16. How does the writer begin the topic in Paragraph 1
A. By listing a number. B. By giving an example.
C. By asking a question. D. By answering a question.
17. What is the Wukong satellite used for
A. Answering some of Qu Yuan’s questions.
B. Finding the differences between the good and the bad.
C. Helping scientists search for dark matter in space.
D. Welcoming foreign astronauts to the space station.
18. Where is the name of China’s Mars missions from
A. Qu Yuan’s poem Tianwen. B. An ancient novel.
C. Ancient Chinese myths. D. Journey to the west.
19.Why do we take the naming of Chinese space programs seriously
A. Because we want to land on Mars.
B. Because we want to protect the earth.
C. Because we have the hunger for truth.
D. Because we have a hopeful dream for space.
20. Which can be the best title for the passage
A. What Beautiful Names B. What a hopeful Star
C. What Excellent Poems D. What a Long Journey
F
Bio-robots are robots that look like animals. They can fly like birds, swim like fish or move like insects. They are helping researchers learn more about how animals live.
● Bat (蝙蝠) robot
Bat flight is not simple. Its body parts fold and unfold with every wing beat. The force comes from its strong but thin wings. If you want to make a flying robot, said Science Focus, don’t copy bats.
But that’s what researchers did in the US. B2 is a robot made to understand bat flight. It has very thin wings. Can it fly like a bat Yes! B2 moves its wings and does sharp dives and turns, just like a real bat!
They hope to make even better robot bats in the future.
● Guppy (孔雀鱼) robot
Some people think fish are stupid, but there are still many things we can learn about them.
German researchers now use a robotic fish to better understand group behavior in guppies. The team put a 3D-printed guppy under the fish tank. It copied the speed and direction of a fish partner, who thought the printed guppy was real.
Researchers learned that swimming speed is important to guppies. When they swim faster, they swim better together.
● Cockroach (蟑螂) robot
It has four legs instead of six, but this 4.5-centimeter-long cockroach robot can walk and climb walls just like real cockroaches.
The 1.5-gram robot was made for Rolls-Royce. The engine-maker wants tiny robots to look around inside airplane engines (引擎) because humans can’t go there. To meet their needs, engineers thought about cockroaches’ sticky feet.
The robot uses electricity to stick to walls. Engineers tested it inside an airplane engine. It stuck on better than a real insect, according to Science Focus.
21. What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 1 refer to
A. Bio-robots. B. Birds. C. Fish. D. Insects.
22. Why is bat flight difficult to copy
A. Because robots can never fly. B. Because bats’ body parts can move.
C. Because bats’ wings are strong but thin. D. Because flying robots can not look like bats.
23. What is important to guppies according to the researches
A. Group behavior. B. Swimming speed.
C. Printed partners. D. Living condition.
24. Where do engineers want to use cockroach robot
A. On the wall. B. In the sky. C. Under the skin. D. Inside airplane engines.
25. What can be the best title of the text
A. Bio-robots—Researchers’ Helpers B. Bio-robots—Flying Experts
C. Bio-robots—Swimming Champions D. Bio-robots—Tiny Engineers
G
Lu Ban came up with the idea of the ruler when he was young. Benjamin Franklin invented swim flippers (蛙鞋) at the age of 12. And last year, the 6-year-old Kate Smith, published her invention for baby medical treatment. The stories of the young inventors remind people of children’s great creativity. Scientists agree that children are more creative than adults and they have the power to create and invent.
Every invention starts with curiosity (好奇心) and a heart to explore. Children are naturally curious and have a spirit of discovery, which drives them to ask questions, explore problems, and try to solve them. Lily Peterson, at the age of 9, created the ice cream stick just because she wanted to hold the frozen cream. But the simple invention has transformed the way we eat ice cream, making it easier and more enjoyable for people of all ages.
What’s more, children can learn quickly and like turning new knowledge into practice. They are not afraid to think differently and can challenge long-held ideas. They enjoy getting the sense of confidence and pride when they try out their ideas. It makes them take an active part in scientific experiments (实验) and create unexpected ideas.
Children’s ability to create is really valuable. Adults should encourage them and provide them with chances to explore the world. By doing so, children can help to make the world around them better.
31. How does the writer develop his idea in Paragraph 1
A. By asking questions. B. By listing numbers.
C. By giving examples. D. By comparing ideas.
32. What does the underlined word “transform” in Paragraph 2 mean
A. Prepare. B. Change. C. Discover. D. Study.
33. How do children feel when they try out their ideas
A. Happy. B. Surprised. C. Brave. D. Relaxed.
34.What is the structure (结构) of the passage
A. B. C. D.
35. What is the purpose of the passage
A. To tell stories about famous inventors. B. To explain children’s ability to invent.
C. To recommend some children’s inventions. D. To give advice on how to develop creativity.
H
There is no doubt that gasoline-burning vehicles(燃油车)are responsible for the climate crisis(危机). Many countries made a lot of policies to make electric vehicles (EVs)a priority(优先级) .But according to the survey, more than half of people don't want gasoline cars to be replaced. And teenagers have their own opinions about it.
Callaway Kershaw, 11
Windsor, Colorado
We should all have electric cars.This would decrease air pollution and allow us to breathe better. Cleaner air also means there will be fewer animals dying.Think of all the species we have lost by destroying our environment.
If the world could be a better, cleaner place,it would be worth buying electric cars. Some electric cars are more expensive,but they need less maintenance(保养)than gas-powered cars. So the costs start to even out.Also, do you know that electric cars can travel over 33 miles for about a dollar You can't say that for gas.All cars should be electric!
Alison Lee,9
Los Angeles,California
It's too early to go all-electric.True, electric cars help slow climate change.But batteries also affect the environment.Throwing them away can damage an ecosystem. And the materials that are used to make batteries are scarce(稀少的) .The lack of charging stations is an obstacle(障碍)too. There aren't enough of them.On a long-distance trip last year,my family's gas-powered car got us to our destination(目的地) in eight hours.It took another family longer,because they had to stop to charge their electric car. I'm not saying we should never go electric, just that now is not the time.
It seems that things are not always black-and-white. Both electric and gasoline cars hurt the planet. So what's your choice
36 . (新考法 · 跨学科试题)How far can electric cars travel for about two dollars
A.About 33 miles. B.About 56 miles. C.Over 66 miles. D.Over 100 miles.
37. According to Alison Lee, why did another family spend longer time on the trip
A.Because they were lost.
B.Because they needed to stop for charging.
C.Because they had a longer trip.
D.Because they needed to change batteries.
38. (新考法 · 文章结构)How is the text organized
(①=Paragraph 1,②=Paragraph 2...)
B. C.
39. What can be the best title for this text
A.Are electric cars friendly to the environment
B.Should all cars be electric
C.Which is responsible for the climate crisis, electric cars or gasoline cars
D.What can we do to protect the planet
I
The Dujiangyan Irrigation Project(水利工程)lies about 50 km northwest of Chengdu. It was built around 256 BC to provide irrigation water and control the Minjiang River.
Water running in the river from the Minshan Mountain destroyed houses and killed people.So an official in the Qin kingdom during the Warring States period named Li Bing decided to build the project in the river to control the flooding.It is said that he received money for the important project from King Zhao of Qin and employed tens of thousands of workers. King Zhao of Qin wanted to strengthen his kingdom and beat the kingdoms around his.
After it was completed, the Dujiangyan Irrigation Project avoided the flooding and gave the Sichuan area rich harvests.The area around Chengdu became one of the granaries(粮仓) of China. This project greatly made the Qin kingdom stronger because the developed farming output helped to support the kingdom's large army.Within a few decades, a Qin king called Qin Shi Huang became the first emperor of China.It was Qin Shi Huang who built the famous Terracotta Army in Xi'an that has surprised travelers from around the world and who directed the building of the Great Wall.
There are some main parts to this irrigation system.The first is a well-designed levee(防洪堤)named Yuzui. It stood in the middle of the river to control the amount of water that entered the two channels(水渠) .The second part is the channel of the irrigation system that was cut through a mountain by the method of heating the rock and then pouring water on it. The narrow opening to the irrigation system controlled the amount of water entering the system.It is called Baopingkou. It is said that the 20-meter-wide channel required 8 years to finish.The last part is a spillway(溢洪道)called Feishayan that was dug to let out water and silt(泥沙).
40.Li Bing decided to build the project to .
A.make money through the project
B.finish the task given by King Zhao
C.control the flooding
D.strengthen the Qin kingdom
41.Why did the Dujiangyan Irrigation Project make the Qin kingdom stronger
A.Because the people got lots of money from the project.
B.Because the project helped the Qin kingdom connect well with other kingdoms.
C.Because the good harvests supported the large army of the Qin kingdom.
D.Because other kingdoms gave much food and money to the Qin kingdom.
42.(新考法：代词指代】What does the underlined word“It”refer to in the last paragraph
A.The narrow opening.
B.The irrigation system.
C.The water.
D.The channel.
43.(新考法·推断文章后续发展)What might the writer continue to talk about
A.How the project helped Qin Shi Huang become the first emperor of China.
B.What Li Bing got from King Zhao.
C.How the project works for Chengdu people today.
D.What other places of interest Chengdu has.
J
After learning about the life of the master poet who lived about 1, 300 years ago in the historical documentary Li Bai on CCTV-9, many young Chinese viewers have taken to talking about pursuing (追求) their dreams on social media.
In BBC’s Du Fu: China’s Greatest Poet, a historian said, “Du’s poems are as important in Chinese literary history as Shakespeare is to people in Britain.” This remark can also be used for Li Bai’s. poems. Living in the Tang Dynasty during the “Golden Age of Chinese Poetry”, Li used his talent to push poetry to a new height.
“If Du Fu is the greatest poet in China, then Li Bai is the most talented poet in the history of Chinese poetry,” an expert in ancient Chinese literature told the Global Times.
Much of Li’s life is reflected in his poems: his romance, heroism, and freedom while traveling around the mountains and rivers of China, and his unvalued and tough career path. He saw the Tang Dynasty’s amazing prosperity (繁荣), and dreamed about being an excellent officer to serve the court, but experienced challenge after challenge until his death.
Li Bai has won great fame among Chinese netizens (网民). ★ .A young netizen asked a question, “What would we do if our dreams couldn’t be reached, just like Li’s ” Some netizens wrote that unlike Li, they might change to another dream in order not to give themselves too much pressure or unhappiness, while other netizens said they would choose to hold on straight to the end.
“Many people who like Li Bai’s poems actually like the spirit he expressed —the spirit of never giving up and dreaming about contributing (做贡献) to society, just like many young people who have the same dream in this era,” an expert in ancient Chinese literature said.
44. The writer mentioned Shakespeare in paragraph 2 in order to ____________.
A. praise Shakespeare’s popularity B. describe Li Bai’s life
C. show the importance of Li Bai’s poems D. explain Shakespeare’s poems
45. The underlined word “tough” in paragraph 4 means ____________.
A. strong B. difficult C. smooth D. unexpected
46. Which of the following can be put in ★ .
A. He has challenged their life B. They try to realize their dreams
C. His life has interested them D. They are interested in poetry
47. We know from the last paragraph that people like Li Bai’s poems because ____________.
A. he had a specific dream in his mind
B. he made great contribution to the society
C. he did well in serving the court
D. his spirit expressed in the poems inspired them
48. What would be the best title for the passage
A. Go on with Your Dream B. Try to Be a Happy Traveler
C. Learn More Li Bai’s Poems D. Contribute to Society
K
The Mogao Grottoes (莫高窟) were a center of Buddhist life and some of the world’s great cultures for hundreds of years. However, by the late Qing Dynasty they had been abandoned (废弃) and nearly forgotten and many of the caves had become damaged by the weather. Around 1900, with the discovery of a library of thousands of ancient documents, the caves received new interest from Chinese and foreign researchers. Unluckily, this resulted in tens of thousands of items from the caves being taken to foreign museums.
In the 1940s, many researchers and artists visited the area to study traditional Chinese art. Copies of some of the artwork painted by respected artists such as Zhang Daqian and Guan Shanyue helped people all over the country learn about Dunhuang. These artists were also inspired by the artwork they saw in the caves and it began to influence their painting styles. Others stayed in the desert for much longer. Chang Shuhong stayed for the rest of his life—struggling to record the cultural treasures and protect them from the weather. As a result of their efforts, the Dunhuang Academy was formed to protect and study the Mogao Grottoes.
In 1987, the Mogao Grottoes were named a UNESCO World Heritage Site. While the caves are open to the public, access (权限) is now limited in order to protect the artwork. However, the caves can be seen online in digital versions (数码版) so that people around the world can study and enjoy them.
Though it is remote, the Mogao Grottoes continue to draw visitors. And just as the sand and desert have survived largely unchanged through the centuries, this small art gallery in the desert has also survived largely unchanged providing an amazing look at a world long ago past.
49．When did the Mogao Grottoes gain the world’s attention again
A．Hundreds of years ago. B．In the late Qing Dynasty.
C．Around the beginning of the 20th century. D．In the late eighties of the 20th century.
50．Why does the writer mention the artists in the 1940s
A．To learn about their works. B．To show how hard they worked.
C．To compare their different styles. D．To praise their contributions.
51．When people can’t visit the caves, ________.
A．they can do researches online B．they can enjoy the digital versions
C．they can watch copies in art galleries D．they can study them in foreign museums
52．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text
A．The Mogao Grottoes—Center of Buddhist Life
B．The Mogao Grottoes—Art Gallery in the Desert
C．Respected artists—Protectors of the Mogao Grottoes
D．An Amazing Tourist Attraction—The Mogao Grottoes
L Pity the farmer by Li Shen(772-846) The farmer hoes grain in the noonday sun, With sweat dripping onto the field. Who realizes that the food on their plate— Every grain—comes from bitter（苦的）suffering
The rice farmer by Saoirse McCann The Sun is setting low, the red sky a welcoming sight; The farmer stand silently in the fading light. The fields are watered and planted, the buffaloes（水牛）are fed; The only thing he thinks of now is finding home and bed. A gentle wind is whispering of hope and dreams of life; Every grain of rice requires such effort and such strife. Remember, when you sit and eat with family or friends, All the many hours he works, as his fields he tends.
53．In the first poem, what does the last sentence want to tell us
A．The grain tastes bitter. B．The farmer hates his difficult life.
C．Everyone should learn how to hoe grains. D．Food comes from farmers’ hard work.
54．In the second poem, why is the farmer now thinking only of home and bed
A．Because he is tired after the farm work.
B．Because he feels cold when the gentle wind blows.
C．Because the red sky shows that it’s going to rain soon.
D．Because his family and friends are waiting for him at home.
55．Which word can best describe both farmers in the poems
A．Kind-hearted. B．Good-looking. C．Hard-working. D．Open-minded.
M
Confucianism （儒家思想） has been followed by Chinese people for more than two thousand years.
To help people understand how to behave towards others，Confucianism teaches the Five Constants(五常). These are ren，yi，li，zhi and xin. They are general virtues(美德)around the world. The most important two are ren and li.
Ren is the feeling of care and love we should have for others. Confucius explained ren could best be understood as loving others. He is famous for teaching people " What you do not want done to yourself，do not do to others". It is quite similar to what is known in the West as the Golden Rule （treat others as you wish to be treated）.
While the meaning of ren is easy to understand，li is a little harder to express. It can be thought of as duty or even respect.Generally, li is the way we should connect with people in our everyday life. In Confucian writings，discussions about li include the proper way to drink tea and how to remember ancestors(祖先). While ren is mostly about our opinions and feelings，li is about how we express our opinions and feelings towards others and towards the world around us.
Perhaps the most well-known Confucian virtue is xiao. This is the duty children have to their parents. Xiao means loving，respecting，obeying and taking care of one's parents in their old age. In Confucianism，xiao is important for a harmonious (和谐的)society：Without it，the whole world would fall into a mess.
56.Which are the most important of the Five Constants？ ______
A. Ren and yi. B. Ren and li. C. Li and xin. D. Yi and zhi.
57.What is the best Chinese for the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3？ ______
A. 博学于文，约之以礼。 B. 学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。
C. 己所不欲，勿施于人。 D. 君子和而不同，小人同而不和。
58. Which of the following is an example of li？ ______
A. Building a peaceful society. B. Taking care of one's children.
C. Obeying rules for drinking tea. D. Learning all through one's life.
59. What does the passage mainly tell us about Confucianism？ ______
A. Its general virtues. B. Its long history. C. Its new challenges. D. Its golden rules.
三、阅读填空
A
Minor Snow,or xiaoxue, is the 20th solar term(节气). 1. It falls on November 22 this year.
Festival celebration
The Uygur people in Xinjiang hold the White Snow Festival around the solar term when the first snow falls. 2. They also send “snow letters”.In this activity, friends will write a "snow letter" together,and choose one of them to send it to another friend's house. 3.
Eating tradition
4. For example, people in the north start to have hot pot and mutton(羊肉) more often,because they think these foods are good for winter.In many cities in southern China,there is still the tradition of eating ciba, which is made of sticky rice(糯米),during xiaozue.
When Minor Snow comes knocking at the door,pour out the good liquor(烈性酒).The Chinese have made liquor as early as the Xia Dynasty. Minor Snow Liquor is a special term(术语)for it is brewed(酿制)during Minor Snow. At this time,spring water is the clearest, so the liquor brewed is clear and tasteful. 5.
People eat,sing and dance together to wish for a good harvest in the coming year.
With a pot of hot liquor in cold winter,your stomach will be warmed.
So let's celebrate it together with our family members now.
It means temperatures drop and snow might be coming.
When the snow falls,Chinese people celebrate the coming of xiaoxue with many delicious foods.
In the letter,they ask the person to host an evening of entertainment(娱乐).
G
ChatGPT is back in the headlines! OpenAI, the company behind the popular chatbot, has now introduced a powerful new language: GPT-4.
Several months ago, GPT-4 showed the world how smarter it is than the previous (先前的) GPT-3.5. 1. For example, if you show a picture of a phone using the wrong charger, GPT-4 can tell why the picture looks strange or funny.
But GPT-4’s developments are far more than that. The new language model can code (用代码编写) classic games in only a few minutes, and it also can produce the code and layouts (布局) for a website with a hand-made drawing. 2. According to some scientists, GPT-4 did really well on a school test, with a score in the top 10 percent of test takers. ___3.__ _
GPT-4 will also be widely used in other apps and services. For example，the language learning app Duolingo plans to use GPT-4 in their Duolingo Max Function. 4. Another app, Be My Eyes, will have a digital assistant to help blind people understand the world around them.
5. GPT4 still can’t get completely correct answers sometimes, especially with newer information after September 2021. GPT-4 also sometimes “hallucinates (产生幻觉)”, it means that GPT-4 will think the wrong information is true.
A. GPT-4 is very popular to young people.
B. App users can learn language by talking with AI.
C. But GPT-3.5 only got a score in the bottom 10 percent.
D. There are still some problems with GPT-4, however.
E. You don’t need to pay anything when you use GPT-4.
F. One of its advantages is that it can understand pictures.
G. GPT-4 is also much better than the older GPT at taking tests.
完型填空
A
When we build a new house,we often buy something beautiful to decorate( 装 饰 )it.The painting is always the first 1. we want to buy.People from all over the world 2. like western paintings.But as a Chinese,I think Chinese paintings are the best.Chinese paintings are one of the oldest kinds of, 3. in the world.Chinese artists first started painting over two thousand years ago,and painters in China are still using many of the same ways today.
Chinese painters often paint 4. scenes,animals or people.We can only see buildings in Chinese paintings when they 5. a small part of a natural scene.
There are two kinds of 6. Chinese paintings.The first one is the gongbi style.People need a lot of time 7. this style of painting,because they paint everything in great details(细节) .This style often uses a lot of colour.Long ago,most painters in China. 8. the gongbi style.
The second style of Chinese painting is the ink-wash painting(水墨画).Painters usually finish ink-wash paintings very quickly,and they may not always have much colour.Ink-wash paintings have fewer details,because the painter is trying to show 9. with just a few brush strokes(笔画).
Most ink-wash artists do not work as painters.They paint as a hobby 10. a good ink-wash artist can still become famous.
1.A.clothes B.vegetable C.thing D.prize
2.A.mostly B.probably C.nearly D.politely
3.A.buildings B.presents C.projects D.paintings
4.A.natural B.private C.valuable D.wild
5.A.make into B.make up C.make from D.make of
6.A.proper B.social C.traditional D.peaceful
7.A.to pass B.to send C.to perform D.to make
8.A.used B.reviewed C.burnt D.recycled
9.A.anything B.something C.somebody D.nothing
10.A.However B.And C.But D.So
B
Lian Po and Lin Xiangru were two important people in the State of Zhao. Lian was a brave _1._, and Lin was an excellent advisor. Lian was famous for winning battles (战役) and making his 2. scared. He once led the Zhao army to victory against the State of Qi. Everyone 3.___him for his bravery. Lin, on the other hand, was clever and knew how to use ___4.___ to solve problems. He once saved the Heshibi 5. the King of Zhao and became a trusted advisor.
But there was a problem. Lian felt worried after Lin got a 6. position than him. He thought he should be given greater honor because of his achievements on the battlefield, 7.__Lin achieved success just through his skills in speaking and debating (辩论). Sometimes, Lian even spoke ill of Lin behind his back.
Lin didn’t want any trouble, so he 8. meeting Lian. He didn’t want to argue or fight. Lian thought he was winning because it 9. that Lin was scared of him. Lin’s friends, however, were _10._about this. They thought Lin was too kind and weak. But Lin explained that he didn’t have 11. to fight Lian because it would harm their country. He believed that if they 12._ together, the State of Zhao would become powerful.
When Lian heard this, he felt ashamed. He realized he was being foolish and ___13.___ caused trouble for their country. So he said sorry to Lin, and they became good friends. They worked together to serve the State of Zhao and 14. personal problems. Lian and Lin showed us that even if we have differences, we can still put aside our pride and 15. great things when we pay full attention to what’s best for the greater good as friends.
1. A. banker B. doctor C. king D. general
2. A. friends B. kids C. parents D. enemies
3. A. admired B. interviewed C. noticed D. understood
4. A. guns B. knives C. pictures D. words
5. A. as B. for C. from D. with
6. A. higher B. lower C. larger D. smaller
7. A. since B. until C. unless D. while
8. A. avoided B. continued C. remembered D. started
9. A. found B. appeared C. mentioned D. reported
10. A. quiet B. surprised C. excited D. upset
11. A. plans B. powers C. reasons D. places
12. A. mixed B. pulled C. got D. lived
13. A. ever B. also C. almost D. still
14. A. helped with B. dealt with C. forgot about D. cared for
15. A. achieve B. prevent C. miss D. accept2024年中考英语热点与传统练习题
一、语法填空
A
“Lying down” (also known as tang ping), 1.has become a hot word among young Chinese people these days. The idea of low material needs and being willing to accept whatever life gives them 2.is described as a “lying down” lifestyle.
Some young people complain that to raise a child needs too much money and they often get into a fight 3.with their family. At the same time, the rising living costs including food and housing have pushed them so hard that they could hardly breathe. Some want to lie down because their tiring jobs, competition with peers, as well as personal relationships force them 4. to run away.
On the other hand, with the great 5. improvement of living conditions, it is true that some Chinese youth today have lost the spirit of fighting hard for a better life. “I stay at home, sleep and watch TV series, and I’m pleased with what I have now. 6.Actually, there are many people around me who value happiness and freedom most,” said Daisy, who left 7.her job two weeks ago. No wonder that some young people would choose to live 8. a simple way instead of always following the good quality of fighting hard.
Interestingly, most young people, who are “big fans” of the “lying down” lifestyle, point out that they only accept a temporary (暂时的) lying down as a short rest. In fact, lying down is not totally comfortable for them. Most young people 9. who lie down always regard it as a lack of ambition (抱负、夙愿) and feel ashamed (羞耻的) about it.
“Young people have both ambition and confusion (困惑) about their future, 10.but most of us have refused to waste chances and challenges,” a college student said.
B
Have you ever heard of Ma Mian Qun or the horse-face skirt Recently, this traditional Chinese skirt has become surprisingly popular all around the world. They not only appear in some international events but are 1. (easy) seen on the streets of big cities and faraway villages.
2. is the secret behind its popularity Hu Xiao, 3. expert in Hanfu said, “Perhaps it is the cultural DNA that makes it loved worldwide.” The beauty of the Chinese Hanfu can date back to 4. (thousand) of years ago and is the symbol of the beauty of Chinese culture. Actually, Ma Mian Qun is a good example of traditional Chinese clothing styles 5. catch the eyes of the world. “New Chinese-style clothing” is 6. . greatly welcomed that we have seen more international designers using the form of Chinese Hanfu in their clothing designs. It 7. (help) more foreigners to get a deeper understanding of the Chinese culture in the future.
“For most of the young people, 8. (wear) the skirt is not just for fashion.” said Mao, one of the Hanfu lovers. “It is a way that we remind 9. (we) of the value of the Chinese culture. We also want to tell the world how much we are proud 10. China.”
参考答案：1.easily； 2. What ；3. an ；4. thousands ；5. that/which
6. so ；7. will help ；8. wearing ；9. ourselves ；10. of
C
How long or far is sanshe in the idiom tuibisan-she
In ancient times, she 1. (be) a unit of distance (距离). One she is as far as 30 li. One li is 500 meters and 30 li is 15,000 meters. So sanshe is 45 2. (kilometer).
There is a story behind this idiom. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Prince Chong’er of the Jin State 3. (run) away from his home state. He wanted 4. (travel) to other states.
Once, he went to the State of Chu. The king, Chu Chengwang served 5. (he) a feast (盛宴). He asked Chong’er, “If you rule (统治) the State of Jin one day, how would you thank me ” “It 6. (seem) your state has everything you want. I have nothing that you like,” Chong’er said. However, Chengwang still asked for something. 7. (final), Chong’er said, “I would ask my army to retreat (撤退) sanshe if we ever fight.”
Later, Chong’er returned to his home the State of Jin and became its ruler called Wengong. Both of the two wanted to become 8. _ (strong) and get more land. They went to war with each other. Jin Wengong didn’t break his promise. He asked his army to retreat sanshe and stay in Chengpu. The Chu army 9. (think) that the Jin soldiers were afraid to fight, so they followed them. To their surprise, the Jin army surrounded (包围) them. In the end, Jin won the war. This was the famous Battle of Chengpu. After this war, people used tuibisan-she 10. (mean) retreating to avoid a conflict (冲突).
参考答案：1. was ；2. kilometers；3. ran；4. to travel；5. him；
6. seems；7. Finally；8. stronger；9. thought；10. to mean
二、阅读理解
A
①Japan’s population is rapidly aging, with 28 percent of its people aged 65 or older. This means there aren’t enough young people doing jobs that need physical strength (力量) like building things and farming.
②To encourage older people to work on, technology companies in Japan have developed special suits called exoskeleton (外骨骼). These suits can make it easier to lift and carry heavy objects.
③“We have no choice, elderly people need to stay in the workplace,” says Daigo Orihara at Innophys. This company has made a suit called the Every Muscle Suit. It’s light, weighing less than 4 kg. It doesn’t need any batteries (电池) or motors (发动机). When users put it on like a backpack, they pump (抽气) air into it 30 times with a hand pump. Then, the suit can help them lift up to 25 kg easily. The suit costs about 1000 pounds and is used by food companies to help worker lift big boxes, by old people’s homes to help workers lift people in and out of bed, as well as by food factories and building companies.
④Another company, Panasonic, is also developing different exoskeleton suits. Its most important one—the Atoun Model Y—costs 4200 pounds. It uses motors instead of air to work and can last for 8 hours. It weighs 4.5 kg and can help users lift up to 10 kg.
⑤Similarly, Japanese company JTEKT, part of the Toyota group, also began selling an exoskeleton. It’s used to help older workers and also runs on a motor.
⑥As Japan is facing the problems of fewer and fewer workers, they may need to raise the age when people stop working. This means there will be even more need for exoskeleton to help older people keep working.
1．Why do Japanese technology companies develop exoskeleton
A．To take the place of humans with machines.
B．To compete with other countries in technology.
C．To encourage older people to stay in jobs for longer.
D．To help young workers move heavy objects more easily.
2．What can we know from the passage
A．The Every Muscle Suit needs electricity.
B．The Every Muscle Suit can help users lift up to 25 kg.
C．The Every Muscle Suit is heavier than the Atoun Model Y.
D．The Every Muscle Suit is more expensive than the Atoun Model Y.
3．Which is the best structure of this passage
(①=Para.1 ②=Para.2 ③=Para.3 ④=Para.4 ⑤=Para.5 ⑥= Para.6)
A． B． C． D．
4．What’s the best title for the passage
A．The Every Muscle Suit
B．Japan’s Technology Companies
C．Reasons for Japan’s Aging Challenge
D．Exoskeletons: to Solve Japan’s Aging Challenge
【导语】本文本主要讲了日本一些科技公司开发了一些特殊套装来解决日本的老龄化挑战。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“To encourage older people to work on, technology companies in Japan have developed special suits called exoskeleton. ”可知，为了鼓励老年人继续工作，日本科技公司开发了一种名为外骨骼的特殊套装。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“When users put it on like a backpack, they pump (抽气) air into it 30 times with a hand pump. Then, the suit can help them lift up to 25 kg easily.”可知，当用户像背包一样背上它时，他们用手泵向其中抽气30次。然后，这套衣服可以帮助他们轻松举起25公斤。故选B。
【3题详解】
篇章结构题。第一段主要讲了日本的老龄化现象日益加剧，导致没有足够的年轻人做一些力量型的工作；第二段介绍了一些技术公司为老人继续从事工作而研发的特殊套装；第三、四、五分别介绍了三个不同公司研制的特殊套装的特点和功能；第六段总结了日本的老人需要这些特殊套装来辅助工作。故选A。
【4题详解】
最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲了日本一些科技公司开发了一些特殊套装来解决日本的老龄化挑战。故最佳标题为：外骨骼套装：解决日本的老龄化挑战。故选D。
B
When do you become an adult (成年人) The answers are different from country to country. In modern China, adulthood for both boys and girls starts at the age of 18. By the time most people reach 18, they have finished high school and are ready for university. So a person’s 18th birthday often means a celebration of both adulthood and the start of college life.
Did children in ancient China become adults at 18 In fact, boys in ancient China became adults at 20 and girls at 15. And there was a ceremony to celebrate this time. After the ceremony, a young person could be called an “adult”.
For girls, the ceremony was called Ji Li. “Ji” is a kind of hairpin (发夹). In ancient times, only girls from rich families could have this ceremony. It was simple and didn’t take much time. Before the ceremony, a girl would tie her hair on the top of her head. At the ceremony, a woman in the family would put a hairpin on a girl’s hair. It meant she was now an adult. After the ceremony, she needed to learn a lot, like the right way to speak and dress.
For boys, the ceremony was called Guan Li. ▲ Before the ceremony, a boy’s family often chose a lucky day and invited many guests. On that day, the boy needed to dress up. The father would wash hands and put three hats on the boy’s head, one by one. Then the boy would change into another set of clothes to go with the color of the hats. After these steps, the boy would become a “man”.
5．When did a person become an adult in ancient China
A．At the age of 18 for both boys and girls. B．At the age of 18 for boys and 15 for girls.
C．At the age of 20 for boys and 18 for girls. D．At the age of 20 for boys and 15 for girls.
6．Which of the following can be put in ▲
A．It was usually in May. B．“Guan” is a kind of hat.
C．It is the same as Ji Li. D．After Guan Li, the boy would have a new name.
7．What can we infer (推测) from the passage
A．People saw a boy’s Guan Li as an important celebration.
B．On a boy’s Guan Li, the father put three hats on his son’s head.
C．All boys and girls had a ceremony to celebrate their being an adult.
D．People expected boys to speak and dress in a right way after they grew up.
8．In which part of a magazine can you most probably read this article
A．Life and health. B．History and culture. C．Business world. D．National news.
【导语】本文主要介绍了古代的笄礼和冠礼。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“In fact, boys in ancient China became adults at 20 and girls at 15.”可知中国古代的男孩在20岁时成年，女孩在15岁时成年。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“For boys, the ceremony was called Guan Li.”以及“The father would wash hands and put three hats on the boy’s head, one by one. Then the boy would change into another set of clothes to go with the color of the hats.”可知此处应介绍“冠”是什么，选项B“ ‘冠’是一种帽子。”符合语境，可放在此空处。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Before the ceremony, a boy’s family often chose a lucky day and invited many guests. On that day, the boy needed to dress up.”可知，在仪式之前，一个男孩的家人经常选择一个幸运的日子并邀请客人、男孩精心打扮。由此可推知人们把一个男孩的冠礼看作是一个重要的庆典。故选A。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。本文主要介绍了古代的笄礼和冠礼。故文章可能出现在杂志有关历史和文化专栏。故选B。
C
Awakening of Insects (惊蛰) fell on March 5 and ended on March 20 this year. Its date slightly changes each year because of the lunar calendar system. It shows that animals sleeping in winter are awakened by spring thunder and the earth begins to come back to life.
Spring thunder cracks the sky
An old Chinese saying goes, “If the first spring thunder crashes before the Awakening of Insects, there will be unusual weather that year.” Around the Awakening of Insects, the earth becomes humid (潮湿的) and the hot air near the surface rises. At the same time, the cold dry air from the north is strong and creates winds. When the two airflows (气流) come together, thunder forms during this time.
Spring ploughing (耕作)
The Awakening of Insects is important to farmers because they take it as the beginning of the busiest time for farm work. During this time, most areas of China see the quickest rise in temperatures, usually reaching above 10 degrees. There is also a big increase in sunshine, which provides good conditions for farming.
____▲______
Around the Awakening of Insects, some animals wake up, and so do fish. They swim from deep water to shallow water in search of food, ready to have babies. It is a perfect time for fishing. Fishing can help people relax in body and mind, especially for people living in the city. Driving to the countryside, fishing in a lake, bathing in the sunlight, enjoying the singing birds and beautiful flowers make a perfect weekend in spring.
Eating pears
Eating pears around the Awakening of Insects is a common practice in China. As the weather gets warmer and the air becomes drier, people will feel their mouths are dry, which can cause colds or coughs. Pears which are sweet, juicy and cold may stop a cough. So pears are highly recommended during the Awakening of Insects.
7．Thunder forms around the Awakening of Insects because _________.
A．the hot air near the surface goes up
B．animals sleeping in winter all wake up
C．the cold dry air from the south spreads
D．the hot humid air meets the cold dry air
8．The writer tells the importance of the Awakening of Insects to farmers by ________.
A．showing time B．giving examples
C．explaining reasons D．presenting numbers
9．Which of the following is the most suitable for ___▲_____
A．Going fishing
B．Swimming in deep water
C．Driving to the countryside
D．Enjoying beautiful flowers
10．Which sentence is TRUE according to the passage
A．Eating pears can cause colds or coughs.
B．People who live in cities may like fishing a lot.
C．Awakening of Insects begins on March 5 every year.
D．Temperature rises slowly during the Awakening of Insects.
【导语】本文主要介绍了二十四节气中的惊蛰的相关知识。
7．细节理解题。根据“Around the Awakening of Insects, the earth becomes humid (潮湿的) and the hot air near the surface rises. At the same time, the cold dry air from the north is strong and creates winds. When the two airflows (气流) come together, thunder forms during this time.”可知，在惊蛰前后，打雷是因为湿热的空气与干冷的空气相遇造成的，故选D。
8．推理判断题。根据“....because they take it as the beginning of the busiest time for farm work. During this time, most areas of China see the quickest rise in temperatures, usually reaching above 10 degrees. There is also a big increase in sunshine, which provides good conditions for farming.”可知，是通过解释原因来讲述了惊蛰对农民的重要性，故选C。
9．推理判断题。根据“Around the Awakening of Insects, some animals wake up, and so do fish....Fishing can help people relax in body and mind, especially for people living in the city. ”可知，这里说的是钓鱼，A项“去钓鱼”符合语境，故选A。
10．推理判断题。根据“Fishing can help people relax in body and mind, especially for people living in the city”可知，住在城市里的人可能很喜欢钓鱼。故选B。
D
Traditional Chinese Culture: Qin Qi Shu Hua
Chinese Folk Music Chinese folk music is connected with ancient Chinese stories. One of the classics, Shijing, included some folk songs from the West Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn Period. Traditional Chinese musical instruments such as guzheng, pipa, erhu, xiao are still played by artists today.
Weiqi Weiqi, also called yi in ancient China, is a smart board game between two players with a history of over 3,000 years. With the development of weiqi, people create different kinds of chess games. Now it even becomes an event in the international chess games.
Chinese Handwriting Chinese handwriting is a special art of Asian cultures. It is much loved around the world since many centuries ago. Wang Xizhi was very famous and he made a great achievement in brush handwriting. Many kids nowadays start to practice brush handwriting when they are very young.
Chinese Painting In ancient China, most of the Chinese paintings were done on paper or silk. Traditional Chinese painting includes mountains and water, flowers and birds, animals, figures (人物). The highest form of Chinese painting is mountains and water, but it takes time and efforts to learn and become good at it. Now we need more young people to pass it on.
11. How many kinds of traditional Chinese culture are mentioned in this passage
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six.
12. Which is the right Chinese word for Weiqi’s ancient name yi
A. 弈. B. 羿. C. 异. D. 翼.
13. What have we learned about Wang Xizhi from the passage
A. He was a great musician.
B. He was a great weiqi player.
C. He was good at Chinese painting.
D. He made a great achievement in Chinese handwriting.
14. What is the highest form of Chinese painting
A. Figures. B. Flowers and birds.
C. Mountains and water. D. Animals and plants.
15. How does the writer introduce Traditional Chinese Culture to us
①explaining its name ② telling its history
③showing today’s development ④ listing symbol(s) or types
①②③ B. ①②④ C. ②③④ D. ①②③④
【导语】本文主要介绍中国的“琴棋书画”。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Traditional Chinese Culture: Qin Qi Shu Hua”可知，提到了四种，故选B。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“Weiqi, also called yi in ancient China, is a smart board game between two players with a history of over 3,000 years.”可知，围棋是两方玩家之间技术的博弈，所以“yi”对应词应是“弈”，故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据“ Wang Xizhi was very famous and he made a great achievement in brush handwriting.”可知王羲之在中国书法中获得伟大成就，故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The highest form of Chinese painting is mountains and water”可知，最高形式的中国画是山水画，故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Traditional Chinese musical instruments such as guzheng, pipa, erhu, xiao are still played by artists today.”可知，列出了乐器的种类；根据“Weiqi, also called yi in ancient China, is a smart board game between two players with a history of over 3,000 years. With the development of weiqi, people create different kinds of chess games. Now it even becomes an event in the international chess games.”可知，解释了围棋的名字及现在的发展情况；根据“In ancient China, most of the Chinese paintings were done on paper or silk. Traditional Chinese painting includes mountains and water, flowers and birds, animals, figures (人物). ”可知，讲到了国画的历史；四种方法都用到了，故选D。
E
Wukong, Tiangong, Tianwen… Do you know where the names of Chinese space programs come from
Wukong, the Dark Matter Explorer satellite (暗物质探测卫星), is named after the Chinese superhero, the Monkey King or Sun Wukong. According to journey to the west, the Monkey King has a pair of sharp eyes, which can easily tell differences between the good and the bad. The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as the Monkey King to help scientists search for the dark matter in space.
The name of the space station Tiangong means “Heaven Palace” in Chinese myths (神话), this is the home of Tian Di. Now Tiangong Space Station is home for Chinese astronauts in space. And China welcomes foreign astronauts to Tiangong so that they can work together.
Tianwen, Chinese Mars missions (任务), gets its name from the poem Tianwen by Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan is a well-known poet in ancient China. In Tianwen, he had the questions about the sky, stars, nature, myths and the real world, showing his hunger for the truth of the universe (宇宙). Perhaps the Tianwen missions will end up answering some of Qu Yuan’s questions.
If you look into more names of Chinese space programs, you will find that they all have beautiful meanings. We, almost all the Chinese people, have good hopes and expectations for our space dream. So, the naming of Chinese space programs is taken very seriously.
16. How does the writer begin the topic in Paragraph 1
A. By listing a number. B. By giving an example.
C. By asking a question. D. By answering a question.
17. What is the Wukong satellite used for
A. Answering some of Qu Yuan’s questions.
B. Finding the differences between the good and the bad.
C. Helping scientists search for dark matter in space.
D. Welcoming foreign astronauts to the space station.
18. Where is the name of China’s Mars missions from
A. Qu Yuan’s poem Tianwen. B. An ancient novel.
C. Ancient Chinese myths. D. Journey to the west.
19.Why do we take the naming of Chinese space programs seriously
A. Because we want to land on Mars.
B. Because we want to protect the earth.
C. Because we have the hunger for truth.
D. Because we have a hopeful dream for space.
20. Which can be the best title for the passage
A. What Beautiful Names B. What a hopeful Star
C. What Excellent Poems D. What a Long Journey
【导语】本文介绍了中国太空项目各个名字的由来。
【16题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Wukong, Tiangong, Tianwen… Do you know where the names of Chinese space programs come from ”可知，本文是通过提出问题来开始的，故选C。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as the Monkey King to help scientists search for the dark matter in space.”可知，“悟空”卫星帮助科学家在太空中搜索暗物质，故选C。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Tianwen, China’s Mars missions (任务), gets its name from the poem Tianwen by Qu Yuan.”可知，是来自屈原的诗《天问》，故选A。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据“We, almost all the Chinese people, have good hopes and expectations for our space dream. So, the naming of Chinese space programs is taken very seriously.”可知，是因为我们所有人都对太空梦抱有美好的希望和期待，所以中国航天项目的命名是非常重要的，故选D。
【20题详解】
最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了太空项目命名的由来，A选项“多么优美的名字”符合本文标题，故选A。
F
Bio-robots are robots that look like animals. They can fly like birds, swim like fish or move like insects. They are helping researchers learn more about how animals live.
● Bat (蝙蝠) robot
Bat flight is not simple. Its body parts fold and unfold with every wing beat. The force comes from its strong but thin wings. If you want to make a flying robot, said Science Focus, don’t copy bats.
But that’s what researchers did in the US. B2 is a robot made to understand bat flight. It has very thin wings. Can it fly like a bat Yes! B2 moves its wings and does sharp dives and turns, just like a real bat!
They hope to make even better robot bats in the future.
● Guppy (孔雀鱼) robot
Some people think fish are stupid, but there are still many things we can learn about them.
German researchers now use a robotic fish to better understand group behavior in guppies. The team put a 3D-printed guppy under the fish tank. It copied the speed and direction of a fish partner, who thought the printed guppy was real.
Researchers learned that swimming speed is important to guppies. When they swim faster, they swim better together.
● Cockroach (蟑螂) robot
It has four legs instead of six, but this 4.5-centimeter-long cockroach robot can walk and climb walls just like real cockroaches.
The 1.5-gram robot was made for Rolls-Royce. The engine-maker wants tiny robots to look around inside airplane engines (引擎) because humans can’t go there. To meet their needs, engineers thought about cockroaches’ sticky feet.
The robot uses electricity to stick to walls. Engineers tested it inside an airplane engine. It stuck on better than a real insect, according to Science Focus.
21. What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 1 refer to
A. Bio-robots. B. Birds. C. Fish. D. Insects.
22. Why is bat flight difficult to copy
A. Because robots can never fly. B. Because bats’ body parts can move.
C. Because bats’ wings are strong but thin. D. Because flying robots can not look like bats.
23. What is important to guppies according to the researches
A. Group behavior. B. Swimming speed.
C. Printed partners. D. Living condition.
24. Where do engineers want to use cockroach robot
A. On the wall. B. In the sky. C. Under the skin. D. Inside airplane engines.
25. What can be the best title of the text
A. Bio-robots—Researchers’ Helpers B. Bio-robots—Flying Experts
C. Bio-robots—Swimming Champions D. Bio-robots—Tiny Engineers
【导语】本文主要向我们介绍了三种仿生机器人。
【21题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“Bio-robots are robots that look like animals. They can fly...They are... ”可知，本段中的两个“They”均指的是“Bio-robots”。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The force comes from its strong but thin wings. ”可知，制作蝙蝠状飞行机器人的难点是它们薄却强壮的翅膀。故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Researchers learned that swimming speed is important to guppies.”可知，研究人员了解到游泳速度对于孔雀鱼很重要。故选B。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The engine-maker wants tiny robots to look around inside airplane engines because humans can’t go there. ”可知，工程师们想要蟑螂机器人到达飞机发动机的内部。故选D。
【25题详解】
最佳标题题。根据第一段中“Bio-robots are robots...They are helping researchers learn more about how animals live.”和本文后续内容可知，仿生机器人可以进入一些到人类不能到达的地方，是研究人员的好帮手。故选A。
G
Lu Ban came up with the idea of the ruler when he was young. Benjamin Franklin invented swim flippers (蛙鞋) at the age of 12. And last year, the 6-year-old Kate Smith, published her invention for baby medical treatment. The stories of the young inventors remind people of children’s great creativity. Scientists agree that children are more creative than adults and they have the power to create and invent.
Every invention starts with curiosity (好奇心) and a heart to explore. Children are naturally curious and have a spirit of discovery, which drives them to ask questions, explore problems, and try to solve them. Lily Peterson, at the age of 9, created the ice cream stick just because she wanted to hold the frozen cream. But the simple invention has transformed the way we eat ice cream, making it easier and more enjoyable for people of all ages.
What’s more, children can learn quickly and like turning new knowledge into practice. They are not afraid to think differently and can challenge long-held ideas. They enjoy getting the sense of confidence and pride when they try out their ideas. It makes them take an active part in scientific experiments (实验) and create unexpected ideas.
Children’s ability to create is really valuable. Adults should encourage them and provide them with chances to explore the world. By doing so, children can help to make the world around them better.
31. How does the writer develop his idea in Paragraph 1
A. By asking questions. B. By listing numbers.
C. By giving examples. D. By comparing ideas.
32. What does the underlined word “transform” in Paragraph 2 mean
A. Prepare. B. Change. C. Discover. D. Study.
33. How do children feel when they try out their ideas
A. Happy. B. Surprised. C. Brave. D. Relaxed.
34.What is the structure (结构) of the passage
A. B. C. D.
35. What is the purpose of the passage
A. To tell stories about famous inventors. B. To explain children’s ability to invent.
C. To recommend some children’s inventions. D. To give advice on how to develop creativity.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要解释了孩子为什么有能力创造发明。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Lu Ban came up with the idea of the ruler when he was young. Benjamin Franklin invented swim flippers (蛙鞋) at the age of 12...The stories of the young inventors remind people of children’s great creativity.”可知，该段是通过介绍年轻发明家的故事来开展话题，C选项“通过举例”符合文意，故选C。
【32题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“the way we eat ice cream”及“making it easier and more enjoyable for people of all ages.”可知，此处应为改变了我们吃冰淇淋的方式，让吃冰淇淋变得更简单更享受，故划线单词表示“改变”，与B选项意思相同，故选B。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据“They are not afraid to think differently and can challenge long-held ideas. They enjoy getting the sense of confidence and pride when they try out their ideas.”可知，他们并不害怕有不同的想法，在尝试自己的想法的时候会享受得到的自信和自豪感，故可推测出他们是开心的，故选A。
【34题详解】
篇章结构题。根据第一段“ Scientists agree that children are more creative than adults and they have the power to create and invent.”可知，该段是引起话题“孩子为什么更有创造力”；根据第二段“Every invention starts with curiosity and a heart to explore.”可知，该段主要讲好奇心可以促使孩子去探索去发现；第三段“What’s more, children can learn quickly and like turning new knowledge into practice.”可知，该段主要讲孩子敢于把想法付诸于实践；第四段“Adults should encourage them and provide them with chances to explore the world.”可知，该段主要讲要给孩子提供机会去探索世界，因此本文是总-分-总的结构，故选A。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Scientists agree that children are more creative than adults and they have the power to create and invent.”可知，文章主要是解释了孩子为什么有创造发明的能力，B选项“解释孩子的发明能力”符合文意，故选B。
H
There is no doubt that gasoline-burning vehicles(燃油车)are responsible for the climate crisis(危机). Many countries made a lot of policies to make electric vehicles (EVs)a priority(优先级) .But according to the survey, more than half of people don't want gasoline cars to be replaced. And teenagers have their own opinions about it.
Callaway Kershaw, 11
Windsor, Colorado
We should all have electric cars.This would decrease air pollution and allow us to breathe better. Cleaner air also means there will be fewer animals dying.Think of all the species we have lost by destroying our environment.
If the world could be a better, cleaner place,it would be worth buying electric cars. Some electric cars are more expensive,but they need less maintenance(保养)than gas-powered cars. So the costs start to even out.Also, do you know that electric cars can travel over 33 miles for about a dollar You can't say that for gas.All cars should be electric!
Alison Lee,9
Los Angeles,California
It's too early to go all-electric.True, electric cars help slow climate change.But batteries also affect the environment.Throwing them away can damage an ecosystem. And the materials that are used to make batteries are scarce(稀少的) .The lack of charging stations is an obstacle(障碍)too. There aren't enough of them.On a long-distance trip last year,my family's gas-powered car got us to our destination(目的地) in eight hours.It took another family longer,because they had to stop to charge their electric car. I'm not saying we should never go electric, just that now is not the time.
It seems that things are not always black-and-white. Both electric and gasoline cars hurt the planet. So what's your choice
36 . (新考法 · 跨学科试题)How far can electric cars travel for about two dollars
A.About 33 miles. B.About 56 miles. C.Over 66 miles. D.Over 100 miles.
37. According to Alison Lee, why did another family spend longer time on the trip
A.Because they were lost.
B.Because they needed to stop for charging.
C.Because they had a longer trip.
D.Because they needed to change batteries.
38. (新考法 · 文章结构)How is the text organized
(①=Paragraph 1,②=Paragraph 2...)
B. C.
39. What can be the best title for this text
A.Are electric cars friendly to the environment
B.Should all cars be electric
C.Which is responsible for the climate crisis, electric cars or gasoline cars
D.What can we do to protect the planet
参考答案：36-39 CBAB
I
The Dujiangyan Irrigation Project(水利工程)lies about 50 km northwest of Chengdu. It was built around 256 BC to provide irrigation water and control the Minjiang River.
Water running in the river from the Minshan Mountain destroyed houses and killed people.So an official in the Qin kingdom during the Warring States period named Li Bing decided to build the project in the river to control the flooding.It is said that he received money for the important project from King Zhao of Qin and employed tens of thousands of workers. King Zhao of Qin wanted to strengthen his kingdom and beat the kingdoms around his.
After it was completed, the Dujiangyan Irrigation Project avoided the flooding and gave the Sichuan area rich harvests.The area around Chengdu became one of the granaries(粮仓) of China. This project greatly made the Qin kingdom stronger because the developed farming output helped to support the kingdom's large army.Within a few decades, a Qin king called Qin Shi Huang became the first emperor of China.It was Qin Shi Huang who built the famous Terracotta Army in Xi'an that has surprised travelers from around the world and who directed the building of the Great Wall.
There are some main parts to this irrigation system.The first is a well-designed levee(防洪堤)named Yuzui. It stood in the middle of the river to control the amount of water that entered the two channels(水渠) .The second part is the channel of the irrigation system that was cut through a mountain by the method of heating the rock and then pouring water on it. The narrow opening to the irrigation system controlled the amount of water entering the system.It is called Baopingkou. It is said that the 20-meter-wide channel required 8 years to finish.The last part is a spillway(溢洪道)called Feishayan that was dug to let out water and silt(泥沙).
40.Li Bing decided to build the project to .
A.make money through the project
B.finish the task given by King Zhao
C.control the flooding
D.strengthen the Qin kingdom
41.Why did the Dujiangyan Irrigation Project make the Qin kingdom stronger
A.Because the people got lots of money from the project.
B.Because the project helped the Qin kingdom connect well with other kingdoms.
C.Because the good harvests supported the large army of the Qin kingdom.
D.Because other kingdoms gave much food and money to the Qin kingdom.
42.(新考法：代词指代】What does the underlined word“It”refer to in the last paragraph
A.The narrow opening.
B.The irrigation system.
C.The water.
D.The channel.
43.(新考法·推断文章后续发展)What might the writer continue to talk about
A.How the project helped Qin Shi Huang become the first emperor of China.
B.What Li Bing got from King Zhao.
C.How the project works for Chengdu people today.
D.What other places of interest Chengdu has.
参考答案：40-43 CCAC
J
After learning about the life of the master poet who lived about 1, 300 years ago in the historical documentary Li Bai on CCTV-9, many young Chinese viewers have taken to talking about pursuing (追求) their dreams on social media.
In BBC’s Du Fu: China’s Greatest Poet, a historian said, “Du’s poems are as important in Chinese literary history as Shakespeare is to people in Britain.” This remark can also be used for Li Bai’s. poems. Living in the Tang Dynasty during the “Golden Age of Chinese Poetry”, Li used his talent to push poetry to a new height.
“If Du Fu is the greatest poet in China, then Li Bai is the most talented poet in the history of Chinese poetry,” an expert in ancient Chinese literature told the Global Times.
Much of Li’s life is reflected in his poems: his romance, heroism, and freedom while traveling around the mountains and rivers of China, and his unvalued and tough career path. He saw the Tang Dynasty’s amazing prosperity (繁荣), and dreamed about being an excellent officer to serve the court, but experienced challenge after challenge until his death.
Li Bai has won great fame among Chinese netizens (网民). ★ .A young netizen asked a question, “What would we do if our dreams couldn’t be reached, just like Li’s ” Some netizens wrote that unlike Li, they might change to another dream in order not to give themselves too much pressure or unhappiness, while other netizens said they would choose to hold on straight to the end.
“Many people who like Li Bai’s poems actually like the spirit he expressed —the spirit of never giving up and dreaming about contributing (做贡献) to society, just like many young people who have the same dream in this era,” an expert in ancient Chinese literature said.
44. The writer mentioned Shakespeare in paragraph 2 in order to ____________.
A. praise Shakespeare’s popularity B. describe Li Bai’s life
C. show the importance of Li Bai’s poems D. explain Shakespeare’s poems
45. The underlined word “tough” in paragraph 4 means ____________.
A. strong B. difficult C. smooth D. unexpected
46. Which of the following can be put in ★ .
A. He has challenged their life B. They try to realize their dreams
C. His life has interested them D. They are interested in poetry
47. We know from the last paragraph that people like Li Bai’s poems because ____________.
A. he had a specific dream in his mind
B. he made great contribution to the society
C. he did well in serving the court
D. his spirit expressed in the poems inspired them
48. What would be the best title for the passage
A. Go on with Your Dream B. Try to Be a Happy Traveler
C. Learn More Li Bai’s Poems D. Contribute to Society
参考答案：44-48 CBCDA
K
The Mogao Grottoes (莫高窟) were a center of Buddhist life and some of the world’s great cultures for hundreds of years. However, by the late Qing Dynasty they had been abandoned (废弃) and nearly forgotten and many of the caves had become damaged by the weather. Around 1900, with the discovery of a library of thousands of ancient documents, the caves received new interest from Chinese and foreign researchers. Unluckily, this resulted in tens of thousands of items from the caves being taken to foreign museums.
In the 1940s, many researchers and artists visited the area to study traditional Chinese art. Copies of some of the artwork painted by respected artists such as Zhang Daqian and Guan Shanyue helped people all over the country learn about Dunhuang. These artists were also inspired by the artwork they saw in the caves and it began to influence their painting styles. Others stayed in the desert for much longer. Chang Shuhong stayed for the rest of his life—struggling to record the cultural treasures and protect them from the weather. As a result of their efforts, the Dunhuang Academy was formed to protect and study the Mogao Grottoes.
In 1987, the Mogao Grottoes were named a UNESCO World Heritage Site. While the caves are open to the public, access (权限) is now limited in order to protect the artwork. However, the caves can be seen online in digital versions (数码版) so that people around the world can study and enjoy them.
Though it is remote, the Mogao Grottoes continue to draw visitors. And just as the sand and desert have survived largely unchanged through the centuries, this small art gallery in the desert has also survived largely unchanged providing an amazing look at a world long ago past.
49．When did the Mogao Grottoes gain the world’s attention again
A．Hundreds of years ago. B．In the late Qing Dynasty.
C．Around the beginning of the 20th century. D．In the late eighties of the 20th century.
50．Why does the writer mention the artists in the 1940s
A．To learn about their works. B．To show how hard they worked.
C．To compare their different styles. D．To praise their contributions.
51．When people can’t visit the caves, ________.
A．they can do researches online B．they can enjoy the digital versions
C．they can watch copies in art galleries D．they can study them in foreign museums
52．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text
A．The Mogao Grottoes—Center of Buddhist Life
B．The Mogao Grottoes—Art Gallery in the Desert
C．Respected artists—Protectors of the Mogao Grottoes
D．An Amazing Tourist Attraction—The Mogao Grottoes
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了莫高窟的概况、历史以及现状。
49．细节理解题。根据“Around 1900, with the discovery of a library of thousands of ancient documents, the caves received new interest from Chinese and foreign researchers.”可知，1900年左右，即20世纪初，随着一个藏有数千份古代文献的图书馆的发现，这些洞穴引起了中外研究人员的新兴趣。故选C。
50．推理判断题。根据“Copies of some of the artwork painted by respected artists such as Zhang Daqian and Guan Shanyue helped people all over the country learn about Dunhuang... Chang Shuhong stayed for the rest of his life—struggling to record the cultural treasures and protect them from the weather. As a result of their efforts, the Dunhuang Academy was formed to protect and study the Mogao Grottoes.”可知，张大千和关山月等受人尊敬的艺术家所画的一些艺术品的复制品帮助全国各地的人们了解敦煌，常书鸿在沙漠中度过了他的余生，他努力记录这些文化宝藏，并保护它们不受天气的影响，在他们的努力下，保护和研究莫高窟的敦煌研究院成立了。由此可见，作者提及20世纪40年代的艺术家们是为了赞赏他们在传承莫高窟文化上的贡献。故选D。
51．细节理解题。根据“While the caves are open to the public, access (权限) is now limited in order to protect the artwork. However, the caves can be seen online in digital versions (数码版) so that people around the world can study and enjoy them.”可知，为了保护艺术品，现在莫高窟被限制进入，然而，人们可以在网上以数字形式看到，研究和欣赏它们。故选B。
52．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，主要介绍了莫高窟的概况、历史以及莫高窟的艺术价值，因此选项B“莫高窟——沙漠中的美术馆”最适合作为标题。故选B。
L Pity the farmer by Li Shen(772-846) The farmer hoes grain in the noonday sun, With sweat dripping onto the field. Who realizes that the food on their plate— Every grain—comes from bitter（苦的）suffering
The rice farmer by Saoirse McCann The Sun is setting low, the red sky a welcoming sight; The farmer stand silently in the fading light. The fields are watered and planted, the buffaloes（水牛）are fed; The only thing he thinks of now is finding home and bed. A gentle wind is whispering of hope and dreams of life; Every grain of rice requires such effort and such strife. Remember, when you sit and eat with family or friends, All the many hours he works, as his fields he tends.
53．In the first poem, what does the last sentence want to tell us
A．The grain tastes bitter. B．The farmer hates his difficult life.
C．Everyone should learn how to hoe grains. D．Food comes from farmers’ hard work.
54．In the second poem, why is the farmer now thinking only of home and bed
A．Because he is tired after the farm work.
B．Because he feels cold when the gentle wind blows.
C．Because the red sky shows that it’s going to rain soon.
D．Because his family and friends are waiting for him at home.
55．Which word can best describe both farmers in the poems
A．Kind-hearted. B．Good-looking. C．Hard-working. D．Open-minded.
本文是两首诗歌。诗歌主要讲述了两位农夫农作的辛苦，提醒读者要爱惜粮食
53．推理判断题。第一首诗歌的最后一句话“Every grain—comes from bitter suffering ”对应李绅《悯农》中的“粒粒皆辛苦”，可推断这句话是想告诉我们食物来自农民的辛勤劳动。故选D。
54．推理判断题。根据第二首诗歌“The fields are watered and planted, the buffaloes are fed; The only thing he thinks of now is finding home and bed.”可知农夫辛勤农作结束后只想到了家和床铺，可推断他在农作后十分疲惫。选A。
55．推理判断题。根据第一首诗歌“Every grain—comes from bitter suffering ”和第二首诗歌“Every grain of rice requires such effort and such strife.”可以推断两首诗歌中的农夫都很勤勉辛劳。故选C。
M
Confucianism （儒家思想） has been followed by Chinese people for more than two thousand years.
To help people understand how to behave towards others，Confucianism teaches the Five Constants(五常). These are ren，yi，li，zhi and xin. They are general virtues(美德)around the world. The most important two are ren and li.
Ren is the feeling of care and love we should have for others. Confucius explained ren could best be understood as loving others. He is famous for teaching people " What you do not want done to yourself，do not do to others". It is quite similar to what is known in the West as the Golden Rule （treat others as you wish to be treated）.
While the meaning of ren is easy to understand，li is a little harder to express. It can be thought of as duty or even respect.Generally, li is the way we should connect with people in our everyday life. In Confucian writings，discussions about li include the proper way to drink tea and how to remember ancestors(祖先). While ren is mostly about our opinions and feelings，li is about how we express our opinions and feelings towards others and towards the world around us.
Perhaps the most well-known Confucian virtue is xiao. This is the duty children have to their parents. Xiao means loving，respecting，obeying and taking care of one's parents in their old age. In Confucianism，xiao is important for a harmonious (和谐的)society：Without it，the whole world would fall into a mess.
56.Which are the most important of the Five Constants？ ______
A. Ren and yi. B. Ren and li. C. Li and xin. D. Yi and zhi.
57.What is the best Chinese for the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3？ ______
A. 博学于文，约之以礼。 B. 学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。
C. 己所不欲，勿施于人。 D. 君子和而不同，小人同而不和。
58. Which of the following is an example of li？ ______
A. Building a peaceful society. B. Taking care of one's children.
C. Obeying rules for drinking tea. D. Learning all through one's life.
59. What does the passage mainly tell us about Confucianism？ ______
A. Its general virtues. B. Its long history. C. Its new challenges. D. Its golden rules.
本文主要介绍了儒家思想在中国已经流传了两千多年，并且儒家思想教导人们如何对待他人，其中包括五常：仁、义、礼、智、信。这五常是世界通用的美德，其中最重要的是仁和礼。
【解析】56 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句The most important two are ren and li.（最重要的两个是仁和礼。）可知，"五常"中最重要的是仁和礼，故选：B
57.句意猜测题。根据第三段划线句子What you do not want done to yourself，do not do to others（己所不欲，勿施于人）可知，第三段划线句子最好汉语是"己所不欲，勿施于人"，故选：C
58.细节理解题。根据第四段中的Generally, li is the way we should connect with people in our everyday life.In Confucian writings，discussions about li include the proper way to drink tea and how to remember ancestors.（一般来说，礼是我们在日常生活中与人联系的方式。在儒家著作中，关于礼的讨论包括正确的喝茶方式和如何纪念祖先。）可知，C选项"遵守饮茶规则"是礼的例子，故选：C
59.主旨大意题。
根据第一句Confucianism has been followed by Chinese people for more than two thousand years.（儒家思想被中国人遵循了两千多年。）以及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了儒家思想在中国已经流传了两千多年，并且儒家思想教导人们如何对待他人，其中包括五常：仁、义、礼、智、信。这五常是世界通用的美德，其中最重要的是仁和礼。因此这篇文章主要告诉我们关于儒家思想的优点，故选：A
三、阅读填空
A
Minor Snow,or xiaoxue, is the 20th solar term(节气). 1. It falls on November 22 this year.
Festival celebration
The Uygur people in Xinjiang hold the White Snow Festival around the solar term when the first snow falls. 2. They also send “snow letters”.In this activity, friends will write a "snow letter" together,and choose one of them to send it to another friend's house. 3.
Eating tradition
4. For example, people in the north start to have hot pot and mutton(羊肉) more often,because they think these foods are good for winter.In many cities in southern China,there is still the tradition of eating ciba, which is made of sticky rice(糯米),during xiaozue.
When Minor Snow comes knocking at the door,pour out the good liquor(烈性酒).The Chinese have made liquor as early as the Xia Dynasty. Minor Snow Liquor is a special term(术语)for it is brewed(酿制)during Minor Snow. At this time,spring water is the clearest, so the liquor brewed is clear and tasteful. 5.
People eat,sing and dance together to wish for a good harvest in the coming year.
With a pot of hot liquor in cold winter,your stomach will be warmed.
So let's celebrate it together with our family members now.
It means temperatures drop and snow might be coming.
When the snow falls,Chinese people celebrate the coming of xiaoxue with many delicious foods.
In the letter,they ask the person to host an evening of entertainment(娱乐).
参考答案：1-5 DAFEB
G
ChatGPT is back in the headlines! OpenAI, the company behind the popular chatbot, has now introduced a powerful new language: GPT-4.
Several months ago, GPT-4 showed the world how smarter it is than the previous (先前的) GPT-3.5. 1. For example, if you show a picture of a phone using the wrong charger, GPT-4 can tell why the picture looks strange or funny.
But GPT-4’s developments are far more than that. The new language model can code (用代码编写) classic games in only a few minutes, and it also can produce the code and layouts (布局) for a website with a hand-made drawing. 2. According to some scientists, GPT-4 did really well on a school test, with a score in the top 10 percent of test takers. ___3.__ _
GPT-4 will also be widely used in other apps and services. For example，the language learning app Duolingo plans to use GPT-4 in their Duolingo Max Function. 4. Another app, Be My Eyes, will have a digital assistant to help blind people understand the world around them.
5. GPT4 still can’t get completely correct answers sometimes, especially with newer information after September 2021. GPT-4 also sometimes “hallucinates (产生幻觉)”, it means that GPT-4 will think the wrong information is true.
A. GPT-4 is very popular to young people.
B. App users can learn language by talking with AI.
C. But GPT-3.5 only got a score in the bottom 10 percent.
D. There are still some problems with GPT-4, however.
E. You don’t need to pay anything when you use GPT-4.
F. One of its advantages is that it can understand pictures.
G. GPT-4 is also much better than the older GPT at taking tests.
【导语】本文主要讲述了GPT-4的一些强大功能及仍然存在的问题。
【1题详解】
根据下文“For example, if you show a picture of a phone using the wrong charger, GPT-4 can tell why the picture looks strange or funny.”可知，举例说明了GPT-4可以分辨图片，选项F“它的优点之一是它可以理解图片。”符合语境，故选F。
【2题详解】
根据下文“According to some scientists, GPT-4 did really well on a school test, with a score in the top 10 percent of test takers.”可知，介绍了GPT-4在考试方面的运用，选项G“GPT-4在参加考试方面也比旧的GPT好得多。”符合语境，故选G。
【3题详解】
根据上文“According to some scientists, GPT-4 did really well on a school test, with a score in the top 10 percent of test takers.”可知，介绍了GPT-4在学校考试中的表现，选项C“但GPT-3.5的得分仅排在倒数10%左右。”符合语境，故选C。
【4题详解】
根据下文“Another app, Be My Eyes, will have a digital assistant to help blind people understand the world around them.”可知，举例说明了GPT-4在其他应用程序的应用，选项B“应用程序用户可以通过与AI交谈来学习语言。”符合语境，故选B。
【5题详解】
根据下文“GPT4 still can’t get completely correct answers sometimes, especially with newer information after September 2021.”可知，介绍了GPT-4的不足之处，选项D“然而，GPT-4仍然存在一些问题。”符合语境，故选D。
完型填空
A
When we build a new house,we often buy something beautiful to decorate( 装 饰 )it.The painting is always the first 1. we want to buy.People from all over the world 2. like western
paintings.But as a Chinese,I think Chinese paintings are the best.Chinese paintings are one of the oldest kinds of, 3. in the world.Chinese artists first started painting over two thousand years ago,and painters in China are still using many of the same ways today.
Chinese painters often paint 4. scenes,animals or people.We can only see buildings in Chinese paintings when they 5. a small part of a natural scene.
There are two kinds of 6. Chinese paintings.The first one is the gongbi style.People need a lot of time 7. this style of painting,because they paint everything in great details(细节) .This style often uses a lot of colour.Long ago,most painters in China. 8. the gongbi style.
The second style of Chinese painting is the ink-wash painting(水墨画).Painters usually finish ink-wash paintings very quickly,and they may not always have much colour.Ink-wash paintings have fewer details,because the painter is trying to show 9. with just a few brush strokes(笔画).
Most ink-wash artists do not work as painters.They paint as a hobby 10. a good ink-wash artist can still become famous.
1.A.clothes B.vegetable C.thing D.prize
2.A.mostly B.probably C.nearly D.politely
3.A.buildings B.presents C.projects D.paintings
4.A.natural B.private C.valuable D.wild
5.A.make into B.make up C.make from D.make of
6.A.proper B.social C.traditional D.peaceful
7.A.to pass B.to send C.to perform D.to make
8.A.used B.reviewed C.burnt D.recycled
9.A.anything B.something C.somebody D.nothing
10.A.However B.And C.But D.So
参考答案：1--2 CADAB 6-10CDABC
B
Lian Po and Lin Xiangru were two important people in the State of Zhao. Lian was a brave ____1.____, and Lin was an excellent advisor. Lian was famous for winning battles (战役) and making his 2. scared. He once led the Zhao army to victory against the State of Qi. Everyone 3.___him for his bravery. Lin, on the other hand, was clever and knew how to use ___4.___ to solve problems. He once saved the Heshibi 5. the King of Zhao and became a trusted advisor.
But there was a problem. Lian felt worried after Lin got a 6. position than him. He thought he should be given greater honor because of his achievements on the battlefield, 7.__Lin achieved success just through his skills in speaking and debating (辩论). Sometimes, Lian even spoke ill of Lin behind his back.
Lin didn’t want any trouble, so he ____8.____ meeting Lian. He didn’t want to argue or fight. Lian thought he was winning because it 9. that Lin was scared of him. Lin’s friends, however, were _ _10.___ about this. They thought Lin was too kind and weak. But Lin explained that he didn’t have 11. to fight Lian because it would harm their country. He believed that if they _12._ together, the State of Zhao would become powerful.
When Lian heard this, he felt ashamed. He realized he was being foolish and ___13.___ caused trouble for their country. So he said sorry to Lin, and they became good friends. They worked together to serve the State of Zhao and _14.____ personal problems. Lian and Lin showed us that even if we have differences, we can still put aside our pride and 15. great things when we pay full attention to what’s best for the greater good as friends.
1. A. banker B. doctor C. king D. general
2. A. friends B. kids C. parents D. enemies
3. A. admired B. interviewed C. noticed D. understood
4. A. guns B. knives C. pictures D. words
5. A. as B. for C. from D. with
6. A. higher B. lower C. larger D. smaller
7. A. since B. until C. unless D. while
8. A. avoided B. continued C. remembered D. started
9. A. found B. appeared C. mentioned D. reported
10. A. quiet B. surprised C. excited D. upset
11. A. plans B. powers C. reasons D. places
12. A. mixed B. pulled C. got D. lived
13. A. ever B. also C. almost D. still
14. A. helped with B. dealt with C. forgot about D. cared for
15. A. achieve B. prevent C. miss D. accept
【答案】1-5 D DADB 6-10 ADABD 11-15 CBBC A
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了赵国的两位重要人物廉颇和蔺相如的故事。廉颇是一位勇猛的将军，而蔺相如是一位聪明的顾问。他们最初因为地位问题产生了矛盾，但最终廉颇意识到自己的错误，两人和解并共同为赵国服务，展现了团结一致为国家利益着想的精神。
【1题】
句意：廉颇是一位勇敢的将军。
banker银行家；doctor医生；king国王；general将军。根据“Lian is famous for winning battles and ...”可知，他是一名骁勇善战的将军，故选D。
【2题】
句意：廉颇通过赢得战役使他的敌人感到害怕。
friends朋友；kids孩子们；parents父母；enemies敌人。根据“Lian was famous for winning battles and making his ... scared”，可知他打赢战争是使得敌人害怕，故选D。
【3题】
句意：每个人都因廉颇的勇敢而钦佩他。
admired钦佩；interviewed采访；noticed注意到；understood理解。admire sb for sth 因为某事而钦佩某人，这里是指钦佩他的勇敢，故选A。
【4题】
句意：蔺相如知道如何使用言辞来解决问题。
guns枪；knives刀；pictures图片；words言辞。根据后文“Lin achieved success just through his skills in speaking and debating”，可知蔺相如擅长演讲和辩论，使用言辞解决问题，故选D。
【5题】
句意：蔺相如曾经为赵王赢回何氏璧。
as作为；for为了；from从；with 与。根据“Lian Po and Lin Xiangru were two important people in the State of Zhao.”可知，蔺相如作为赵国重要人物，为赵王拿回和氏璧，故选B。
【6题】
句意：廉颇在蔺相如得到比他更高的位置后感到担忧。
higher更高的；lower更低的；larger更大的；smaller更小的。根据“Lian felt worried ”可知，蔺相如得到了比廉颇更高的职位才让廉颇担忧，higher position 固定搭配，故选A。
【7题】
句意：廉颇认为由于他在战场上的成就，他应该得到更大的荣誉，而蔺相如只是通过他的演讲和辩论技巧取得了成功。
since自从；until直到；unless除非；while然而。根据前后的逻辑关系可知，前后对比关系，while表示“然而”，故选D。
【8题】
句意：蔺相如不想引起任何麻烦，所以他避免与廉颇见面。
avoided避免；continued继续；remembered记得；started开始。根据“Lin didn’t want any trouble,”可知，不想引起麻烦的方式是避免见面，故选A。
【9题】
句意：廉颇认为他赢了，因为似乎蔺相如害怕他。
found发现；appeared似乎；mentioned提到；reported报告。it appeared表示不确定情况，“似乎，好像”，故选B。
【10题】
句意：蔺相如的朋友们对此感到不高兴。
quiet安静的；surprised惊讶的；excited兴奋的；upset不高兴的。根据“They thought Lin was too kind and weak.”可知，蔺相如的朋友们认为他太善良太软弱，对此感到不高兴，故选D。
【11题】
句意：但蔺相如解释说他没有理由与廉颇争斗，因为这会损害他们的国家。
plans计划；powers力量；reasons理由；places地方。根据“But Lin explained that he didn’t have ... to fight Lian because it would harm their country”，可知蔺相如解释了不去和廉颇争斗的“理由”，他顾全大局，不想损坏国家利益，故选C。
【12题】
句意：他相信如果他们一起工作，赵国就会变得强大。
mixed混合；pulled拉；got得到；lived生活。pull together 表示“齐心协力”，根据“the State of Zhao would become powerful.”可知，只有两位臣子齐心协力才会使得国家强大，故选B。
【13题】
句意：当廉颇听到这些时，他感到羞愧，他意识到自己愚蠢，也给国家制造了麻烦。
ever曾经；also也；almost几乎；still仍然。and前后表示并列关系，所以廉颇意识到自己行为的愚蠢，同时也给国家制造了麻烦，故选B。
【14题】
句意：他们共同努力为赵国服务，忘记了个人问题。
helped with帮助；dealt with处理；forgot about忘记；cared for关心。根据“They worked together to serve the State of Zhao and ...”可知，廉颇和蔺相如为了国家利益，放下个人恩怨。forgot about personal problems 忘记个人问题，故选C。
【15题】
句意：廉颇和蔺相如向我们展示即使我们有分歧，我们仍然可以放下骄傲并实现伟大的事情。
achieve实现；prevent阻止；miss错过；accept接受。achieve great things 实现伟大事情，故选A。
