2024年新七年级下册英语期末复习之动词、连词(人教版2024)
动词
动词就是表示动作或状态的词。按照动词的意思及其在句子中的作用来划分,可以分为系动词(小学阶段主要是指be动词)、行为动词(实义动词)、助动词和情态动词等。
系动词,也称连系动词,通常用于连接主语与表语,说明主语的状态、性质、特征等。小学阶段学习的系动词主要指的是 be动词。
(1) be动词的一般现在时的形式是 am, is, are;过去形式单数用 was,复数用 were。这几个单词一般都表示“是”,在句子中充当谓语。
(2)在一般现在时态中, be 动词 am, is, are的运用根据主语的人称和数的不同有所区别。
如: Who am I Guess. 我是谁 猜一猜。
Are you cleaning your room, Mike 迈克,你正在打扫你的房间吗
The water is green. 水是绿色的。
He was a student last year. 去年他是一名学生。
Were there any trees around your house five years ago 五年前你家周围有树吗
(2023淮安淮安区)单项选择。
( ) ________ the boys ________ in the music room now
A. Is;singing B. Are;singing C. Does;sing
思路点拨:由 now 可知此句需用现在进行时,这是一般疑问句,句式为“be动词+主语+doing+其他 ”, the boys是复数形式, be动词要用 are。 答案 B
行为动词一般指实义动词,即表示具有一定意义的动作的词。如:skate, swim, listen,clean。行为动词
有及物动词与不及物动词之分。
常见的容易混淆的行为动词辨析:
①look, see, watch 和 read
a. look意为“看”,是不及物动词,后面接名词时,要加上介词at。如:
look at the bird 看那只鸟
b. see意为“看见,看到”,表示看的结果,不能用于现在进行时。如:
see a man 看见一个男人
c. watch意为“观看,注视”,表示专注地看某项节目或活动。如:
watch TV 看电视
watch a football match 看一场足球比赛
d. read 意为“读,阅读”,表示看书刊类。如:
read a book 看书
read newspapers 看报纸
②say, speak, talk 和 tell
a. say意为“说”。如:
say to sb 对某人说(后跟引语)
say it again 再说一遍
b. speak意为“讲,发言”。如:
speak at the meeting 在会上发言
learn to speak学会说
speak English 讲英语
c. talk意为“谈话”(不及物动词)。如:
talk about sth 谈论某事
talk with sb 与某人交谈
d. tell意为“告诉,讲”(及物动词)。如:
tell sb to do sth/tell sb not to do sth告诉某人做/不做某事
tell sb about sth 告诉某人某事
tell a story 讲一个故事
③put on, wear和 dress
a. put on 意为“穿上”(强调动作)。如:
It's cold outside. Please put on your jacket. 外面很冷。请穿上你的夹克衫。
b. wear意为“穿着”(强调状态)。如:
Miss Li is wearing a blue dress today. 李老师今天穿了一条蓝色的连衣裙。
c. dress意为“打扮,给······穿衣服”;dress up意为“打扮,穿上盛装”。如:
They dress up in costumes on Halloween. 他们在万圣节穿上戏装。
(2023南通崇川区)单项选择。
( )—How can we ________ there —By ship.
A. get to B. get C. go to
思路点拨:there是副词,前面不加介词。 答案 B
助动词本身无词义或意义不完整,不能单独作谓语。它必须和主要动词连用,帮助构成各种时态、
语态、否定句和疑问句等结构。
常见助动词有三个,分别为:do, does和 did。do, does用于一般现在时;did 用于一般过去时。它们通
常用在疑问句和否定句中。其否定形式是: do not(don’t), does not(doesn't), did not(didn't)。如:
Do you have any grapes 你有一些葡萄吗
What do you usually do at weekends 你通常在周末做什么
My sister doesn't do shopping on the Internet.我的姐姐不在网上购物。
(淮安清江浦区)按要求完成句子。
He does well at home.(改为否定句)
He ________ ________well at home.
思路点拨:原句是以实义动词 do为谓语的一般现在时,变为否定句要借助助动词 don't/doesn't,且主语是第三人称单数,故要用 doesn't,实义动词does变成原形 do。 答案 doesn't do
(1)情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词。
(2)在小学阶段,我们接触的情态动词主要有:can(could), may(might), must, need, shall(should), will(would)。还有一些如:ought to,dare(dared)等。
(3)情态动词的常见考点:
①情态动词后面接动词原形,不受人称和数的变化影响。如:
He couldn't play basketball two years ago. 他两年前不会打篮球。
②在否定句和一般疑问句中的变化。
有情态动词的句子,改为否定句时,在情态动词后加 not 即可;
改为一般疑问句时,则将情态动词提前,首字母大写。如:
The light is red. You mustn't cross the road now. 是红灯。你现在不能过马路。
Shall we go to the zoo by bus 我们乘公共汽车去动物园好吗
(2023昆山)用所给单词的适当形式填空。
We must ________(help) the teacher carry it.
思路点拨:must是情态动词,情态动词后跟动词原形。 答案 help
ask for请求; 询问 agree with同意
clean the house 打扫房屋 clean the floor 扫地
collect stamps 集邮 come back回来
come from 来自······ come here 来这里
come in 进来 come on 过来; 加油
come down落下来 come along 随同
dig a hole 挖坑; 挖洞 do housework 做家务
do sports 做运动 do morning exercises 晨练
do some reading 读书 do one’s homework 做作业
draw a picture 画画 drive a car驾车
drink some water 喝些水 fall down落下
get off下车 get on 上车
get to 到达 get up起床
get out of 走出 (……之外) grow up长大
go and have a look 去看一看 go back 回去
go boating去划船 go fishing去钓鱼
go for a walk去散步 go home 回家
go on a diet节食 go out出去
go shopping 去购物 go skating 去滑冰
go skiing 去滑雪 go straight on 直走
go swimming去游泳 go to bed去睡觉
go to school去上学 go to the cinema 去看电影
go to work去上班 have a bath 洗澡
hurry up 快点 had better 最好……
have a Chinese lesson 上语文课 have a cold感冒
have a fever发烧 have a headache 头痛
have a look 看一看 have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得开心
have a toothache 牙痛 have a rest休息
have a picnic 举行野餐活动 have a try试一试
have a trip 去旅游 have a stomachache 胃痛
have lunch吃午饭 have breakfast吃早餐
have some Coke 喝些可乐 have time 有时间
have fun 玩得开心 have a look=take a look 看
have supper/dinner吃晚饭 hold up举起
keep on (doing sth.)继续(反复)做某事 keep a diary记日记
listen to music 听音乐 listen to the CDs 听CD
listen to the radio 听收首机 laugh at 嘲笑
look for 寻找 let me see 让我想一想; 让我看一看
look at=have a look at 看 look after=take care of 照顾
look around=look about 环顾四周 look out=be careful 当心; 小心
look up 向上看; (在词典中) 查阅 make friends 交朋友
make clothes 做衣服 make the bed 整理床铺
make money 赚钱 make a noise 吵闹
make a face 做鬼脸 make trouble 惹麻烦
make friends with sb. 与某人做朋友 make a mistake 犯错误
be made in 由(某产地) 制造 be made(up) of 由······组成(构成)
pick up 捡起 plant trees 种树
play basketball 打篮球 play badminton 打羽毛球
play cards 打牌 play football 踢足球
play games 玩游戏 play tennis 打网球
play the guitar 弹吉他 play table tennis 打乒乓球
play the piano 弹钢琴 put away 放好; 收起来
put down 放下;扑灭; 平息 put into 添加; 投资; 输入; 使进入
put off延期 put on 穿(衣); 戴(帽)
put on performances 演出 put up 挂起; 张贴; 举起; 抬起; 建造
ride a bike 骑自行车 see a film 看电影
take a message传递信息 take exercise 进行锻炼
take medicine 服药 take photos照相
talk with 与······谈话 think of 认为; 想起
turn down 关小; 调低 take away 拿走
take a taxi 乘出租车 take part in 参加; 参与
take back 带回; 收回 take down 拿下
take a look(at)看一下 take off脱下; 起飞
take…out把……拿出来 turn to转到; 翻到
turn... into...把······变成······ turn off关上(灯、收音机、煤气、自来水等)
turn on 开; 旋开 (电灯、无线电等) wait a moment稍等一下 wait for等候
wash clothes 洗衣服 wash dishes洗碟子
watch TV 看电视 watch a football match 看足球赛
water the flower 浇花 water the tree 浇树
write a letter 写信
单项选择。
( )1. My aunt ________ her baby carefully.
A. looks out B. looks at C. looks after
( )2. He often goes to the playground and ________ games.
A. plays B. looks C. makes
思路点拨:1.本题要结合句子提供的情景和所给动词短语的意思来思考。look out 表示“当心; 小心; 朝外看”, look at表示“看”, look after 表示“照顾”。由baby 和 carefully可推断出用 looks after恰当。 2.本题要结合句子提供的情景和所给动词的意思来思考。由goes to the playground 和 games 可知到操场上是去做游戏, 所以用动词 plays。 答案1. C 2. A
连词
连词的特点是不能独立担任句子成分,它只能起连接词与词、短语与短语、句与句以及引导从句的作用。
并列连词用来连接平行的单词、词组和句子,这种关系是对等关系。
(1)并列关系
①and意为“和”,表示并列。如:
I've got a fever and a headache. 我发烧并且头疼。
②or意为“或者”,表示选择的含义。如:
Whose bike is newer, yours or mine 谁的自行车更新,你的还是我的
(2)转折关系
but 意为“但是”,表示转折。如:
The man is short, but he's very strong. 这位男士个子矮,但他很强壮。
单项选择。
( )I can sing, ________ I can't dance.
A. and B. but C. with
思路点拨:and意为“和”;but 意为“但是”;with 是介词, 意为“和 一起”,后面不能接句子。根据句意可知,前后两句是转折关系。故选 B。 答案 B
从属连词用于引导复合句中的从句,起连接主句与从句的作用。
(1) after意为“……之后”。如:
He started the job soon after he left the university.
他大学毕业之后就开始做这份工作。
(2) before意为“……之前”。如:
Turn off the lights before you leave.
在你离开之前请关灯。
(3) because 意为“因为”。如:
—Why is the baby crying 那个婴儿为什么哭
—Because she’s hungry now.因为她现在饿了。
(4) so意为“所以”。如:
It rained all day yesterday, so we couldn't go camping.
昨天一整天都在下雨,所以我们不能去露营。
(2023湖北襄阳)单项选择。
( ) I like spring ________ it's warm and flowers are everywhere.
A. so B. after C. because
思路点拨:根据句意可知,“我”喜欢春天,是因为春天很温暖,到处都是花儿。so意为“所以”, after意为“ 之后”, because意为“因为”。故选 C。 答案C
1.______ Mike ______ TV last night ( )
A.Did, watch B.Does, watch C.Did, watched
【答案】A
【详解】句意:迈克昨晚看了电视吗?本题考查助动词和动词的形式。由题干中的last night昨晚,可知句子是一般过去时,需要用助动词did来构成一般疑问句,排除选项B,did后面要接动词用原形,排除C,故选A。
2.I like summer best because I ______ go water skiing. ( )
A.can B.can’t C.do
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我最喜欢夏天,因为我可以去滑水。本题考查情态动词。A可以,B不可以,C做,选项A符合句意,故选A。
3.—_________ you ride a bike two years ago ( )
—No, I _________.
A.Can; can’t B.Could; could C.Could; couldn’t
【答案】C
【详解】句意:—两年前你会骑自行车吗?—不,我不会。本题考查情态动词和一般疑问句的答语。two years ago两年前,是一般过去时的标志词,问句横线处填can的过去式could,could引导的一般疑问句,否定回答是No,主语+couldn’t. 故选C。
4.Helen Keller ______ see or hear, but she wrote a book about herself. ( )
A.couldn’t B.can C.could
【答案】A
【详解】句意:海伦·凯勒看不见也听不见,但她写了一本关于自己的书。本题考查情态动词。A不能,B能,C能,根据常识,couldn’t符合句意,故选A。
5.I _____ short before, but now I _____ tall. ( )
A.am; was B.was; was C.was; am
【答案】C
【详解】句意:以前我很矮,但是现在我很高。本题考查be动词,before是一般过去时的标志,be动词用
过去式,I是第一人称,be动词用was;now是一般现在时的标志,be动词用am,故选C。
6._____ you happy at the party yesterday ( )
A.Are B.Were C.Did
【答案】B
【详解】句意:昨天的派对你玩得开心吗?本题考查be动词。主语是you,be动词用are,题干是一般过去时,are过去式是were,故选B。
7.—______ those signs interesting ( )
—No, I______ think so.
A.Do; didn’t B.Is; don’t C.Are; don’t D.Does; didn’t
【答案】C
【详解】句意:—那些标志是有趣的吗?—不,我不这样认为。本题考查be动词和助动词。根据句子结构可知第一空缺少be动词,句子是一般现在时,主语是复数名词,所以be用are;答句中有实义动词,主语是I,需借助中动词do not表示否定,可以缩写成don’t,故选C。
8.—______ your brother ______ a film last weekend ( )
—Yes, he did.
A.Did; saw B.Did; see C.Does; see
【答案】B
【详解】句意:—你哥哥上周末看电影了吗?—是的,他看了。本题考查助动词和动词的形式。根据答语中的“Yes, he did.”可知问句是由did引导的一般疑问句,did后跟动词原形。故选B。
9.—Why ____ they so hungry ( )
—Because they ____ have their dinner.
A.are; didn’t B.do; didn’t C.were; don’t D.are; don’t
【答案】A
【详解】句意:—他们为什么如此的饿?—因为他们没有吃晚饭。本题考查be动词和助动词。hungry是形容词,饿的,形容词和be动词连用,时态是一般现在时态,主语是they,be动词是are。第二句是陈述句的否定形式,时态是一般过去时态,have是实意动词吃,否定句在动词前加didn’t,动词用原形,A符合题意,故选A。
10.I ______ like winter before. Now I like winter. ( )
A.don’t B.doesn’t C.didn’t
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我以前不喜欢冬天。现在我喜欢冬天。本题考查时态辨析和助动词,A用于一般现在时,B用于一般现在时,C用于一般过去时,根据before可知第一句时态为一般过去时,didn’t符合题意,故选C。
11.I can ______ a boat in the West Lake. ( )
A.row B.rowed C.rows
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我可以在西湖划船。本题考查动词的形式。A是动词原形,B是动词的过去式,C是动词的第三人称单数形式,can是情态动词,后接动词原形,故选A。
12.—Will you _____ noodles for breakfast tomorrow morning ( )
—No, I won’t.
A.have B.has C.having
【答案】A
【详解】句意:—你明天早上早餐会吃面条吗?—不,我不会。本题考查动词的形式。A是动词原形;B是动词的第三人称单数形式;Cs现在分词或动名词。情态动词will后面跟动词原形,故选A。
13.I want _____ buy a gift for my mother. ( )
A./ B.to be C.to
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我想要买一个礼物给我的妈妈。本题考查动词不定式,want to do sth.想要做某事,buy是动词原形,故选C。
14.Sarah ________ some delicious fruits last night. ( )
A.eats B.eating C.ate
【答案】C
【详解】句意:萨拉昨晚吃了一些美味的水果。本题考查动词的形式,A是动词的第三人称单数,B是动词的现在分词或动名词,C是动词的过去式。根据last night可知时态为一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式,故选C。
15.Whose is thinner, Lucy _____ Amy ( )
A.is B.and C.or
【答案】C
【详解】句意:谁更瘦,露西或埃米?本题考查并列连词。A是,B和,C还是。and用于肯定句中,or用于疑问句中表示选择,该句是选择疑问句,用or连接,故选C。
16.—How was your holiday ( )
—It was a bad day ______ also a good day.
A.so B.but C./
【答案】B
【详解】句意:—你的假期过得怎么样?—是糟糕的一天但也是美好的一天。本题考查转折关系的连词。A所以,B但是,C不填。根据句意该空应是转折关系,用but,故选B。
17.—Why are you wearing raincoat ( )
—________ it’s going to rain soon.
A.Because B.So C.But
【答案】A
【详解】句意:—你为什么穿着雨衣?—因为快要下雨了。本题考查从属连词。A因为,B因此,C但是,why提问用because回答,故选A。
18.He made a video of space, ______ lots of people watched the video. ( )
A.but B.or C.and
【答案】C
【详解】句意:他制作了一个太空视频,很多人观看了这个视频。本题考查并列连词。A但是,B或,C和,横线前后是并列关系,句子是肯定句,用并列连词and,故选C。
19.He is riding a bike, ______ it starts to rain. ( )
A.and B.but C.with
【答案】B
【详解】句意:他正在骑自行车,_______天开始下雨。本题考查表转折关系的连词。A和,B但是,C和。题干横线两侧的两个句子是转折关系,故选B。
20.______ eat ______ drink too much. It’s bad for your health. ( )
A.Don’t; and B.Don’t; but C.Don’t; or
【答案】C
【详解】句意:不要吃太多或喝太多。这对你的健康是不好的。本题考查连词辨析。根据句意可知句子是祈使句的否定形式,根据句意应用表并列关系的连词,否定句中用or表示“和”,故选C。
21.I like to go swimming, __________ he doesn’t. ( )
A.and B.or C.but
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我喜欢去游泳,但他不喜欢。本题考查的是转折连词的用法。在这个句子中,I like to go swimming和he doesn’t是两个对立的观点,所以应该使用表示转折关系的连词but。A选项and表示并列关系,B选项or表示选择关系,都不符合句意。故选C。
22.Do you like this ball _______ that ball ( )
A.or B.to C.for
【答案】A
【详解】句意:你喜欢这个球还是那个球?本题考查并列连词。A或者,B到,C为了,根据句意,故选A。
23.There will not be blue sky ______ fresh air. ( )
A.with B.or C.so
【答案】B
【详解】句意:不会有蓝天或新鲜空气。本题考查表并列关系的连词。A和,介词;B或,并列连词;C所以,从属连词。横线前后是并列关系,句子是否定句,用并列连词or连接,故选B。
24.—______ are you late again ( )
—______ I missed (错过) the bus.
A.Why; So B.When; Because C.Why; Because
【答案】C
【详解】句意:—你为什么又迟到了?—因为我错过了公共汽车。本题考查疑问词和从属连词。A为什么;因此,B什么时候;因为,C为什么;因为。根据句意可知问句问为什么,why提问用because回答,故选C。
25.I couldn’t run fast, _____ I didn’t like PE class very much. ( )
A.but B.so C.or
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我跑得不快。因此我很不喜欢体育课。本题考查从属连词,A但是,表转折;B因此,表示因果关系;C或者,否则。跑不快和不喜欢体育课之间是因果关系,故选B。
真题感知
1.(2022·江苏南京·小升初真题)—________ the water clean ( )
—Yes, the water was clean.
A.Does B.Is C.Was
【答案】C
【详解】句意:—水干净吗?—是的,水很干净。本题考查系动词引导的一般疑问句及其回答,答语有was回答,所以用was提问,句子首字母要大写,故选C。
2.(2022·浙江宁波·小升初真题)There ______ some juice and fruits in the fridge. ( )
A.is B.am C.are D.be
【答案】A
【详解】句意:冰箱里有一些果汁和水果。本题考查系动词be,这是there be句型,be动词遵循就近原则,离be动词最近的主语是不可数名词juice,所以系动词be用第三人称单数is,故选A。
3.(2022·广东惠州·小升初真题)I ______ shorter than you last year, but now I ______ taller than you. ( )
A.am; am B.was; am C.am; was
【答案】B
【详解】句意:去年我比你矮,但是现在我比你高。本题考查系动词be,last year是一般过去时的标志词,
主语是I,用am的过去式,后边的句子是一般现在时,主语是I,系动词用am,故选B。
4.(2023·浙江温州·小升初真题)—Does John ______ in Canberra ( )
—No. He ______ in Beijing now.
A.live; lives B.lives; lives C.live; lived
【答案】A
【详解】句意:—约翰住在堪培拉吗?—不。他现在住在北京。本题考查动词的形式,助动词引导的一般疑问句中动词恢复原形,排除B;句子为一般现在时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式lives。故选A。
5.(2023·浙江杭州·小升初真题)The yogurt ______ good with the ice cream. ( )
A.taste B.tasting C.tastes D.is tasted
【答案】C
【详解】
句意:酸奶和冰淇淋搭配,尝起来很好吃。本题考查动词的形式。A是动词原形,B是动名词或现在分词,C是动词的第三人称单数),D表达错误。主语是the yogurt,谓语用第三人称单数,故选C。
6.(2023·湖南怀化·小升初真题)It will _____ tomorrow in Huaihua. ( )
A.raining B.rains C.rain
【答案】C
【详解】句意:怀化明天要下雨。本题考查动词的形式,A动词的现在分词或动名词,B动词的第三人称单数形式,C动词原形,该句是将来时态,will后应跟动词原形,故选C。
7.(2023·江西吉安·小升初真题)Mike likes _____ basketball very much. ( )
A.play B.plays C.playing
【答案】C
【详解】句意:迈克非常喜欢打篮球。本题考查动词的形式,A是动词原形,B是动词的第三人称单数,C是动名词/动词的现在分词,like doing sth喜欢做某事,故选C。
8.(2023·海南三亚·小升初真题)The doctor often tells him ________ more exercise. ( )
A.to take B.takes C.talking
【答案】A
【详解】句意:医生经常告诉他要多做锻炼。本题考查动词形式,A动词不定式,B动词第三人称单数形式,C动词现在分词。tell sb to do sth告诉某人做某事,故选A。
9.(2023·江西吉安·小升初真题)_________ you _________ TV last weekend ( )
A.Did; watched B.Does; watch C.Did; watch
【答案】C
【详解】句意:你上周看电视了吗?根据last weekend可知本题考查一般过去时,助动词用did,后面的实义动词用原形watch,故选C。
10.(2022·江苏南京·小升初真题)My grandpa ________ strong. Now he is weak. ( )
A.is B.does C.was
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我的爷爷过去强壮。现在他很虚弱。形容词strong放在系词后面作表语,排除选项B,后面是一般现在时,根据句意得知前面是一般过去时,be动词的过去式是was,故选C。
11.(2022·江苏南京·小升初真题)—What are you doing ( )
—I am ________ a card.
A.makes B.making C.make
【答案】B
【详解】句意:—你正在做什么?—我正在制作卡片。本题考查动词的形式。A第三人称单数,B动名词或者现在分词。C动词原形。问句是现在进行时态,答语也是现在进行时态,结构是be+现在分词,故选B。
12.(2022·江苏南京·小升初真题)Yesterday we ________ a pair of runners and a T-shirt for Li Ming. ( )
A.buy B.bought C.is buying
【答案】B
【详解】句意:昨天我们为李明买了一双跑鞋和一件T恤。本题考查动词的形式。A动词原形,B动词的过去式和过去分词,C现在进行时态。由yesterday可知时态是一般过去时态,动词应该是过去式。故选B。
13.(2022·广东中山·小升初真题)The teacher told us ______ some photos to the class. ( )
A.bring B.bringing C.to bring D.brought
【答案】C
【详解】句意:老师告诉我们带一些照片来课堂上。本题考查动词形式。A动词原形,B动名词/动词的现在分词,C动词不定式,D动词的过去式。tell sb to do sth告诉某人做某事,该空应填动词不定式,故选C。
14.(2022·浙江宁波·小升初真题)Five years ago,Tim was short, but he _______ play basketball well. ( )
A.couldn’t B.could C.can
【答案】B
【详解】句意:五年前,蒂姆很矮,但是他篮球打得很好。本题考查情态动词,根据句意及时间状语Five years ago可知,句子为一般过去时,动词用过去式,情态动词can的过去式为could,排除选项C,句中but表示转折,说明他篮球打得好,用情态动词的肯定形式,选项A排除,故选B。
15.(2022·浙江宁波·小升初真题)Sarah and I ______ a film next Sunday. We ______ horses last Sunday. ( )
A.am going to see; rode B.are going to see; rode C.will see; ride
【答案】B
【详解】句意:莎拉和我下周日要去看电影。上周日我们骑马了。本题考查动词形式,根据next Sunday下个周日可知,时态可用一般将来时。主语为Sarah and I,谓语需用are going to do 或will do,A排除。再根据last Sunday上个周日可知,时态为一般过去时。主语we后需要用动词ride的过去式rode作谓语,C排除。故选B。
16.(2022·河北廊坊·小升初真题)My mother wants me ______ my little sister with her English. ( )
A.help B.to help C.helps D.helping
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我妈妈想让我帮助我妹妹学习英语。本题考查动词的形式,A动词原形,B动词不定式,C动词第三人称单数形式,D动名词/现在分词,want to do sth.想要去做某事,故选B。
17.(2022·山东滨州·小升初真题)She ________ go cycling before. But now she can ________ a bike well. ( )
A.can’t; ride B.couldn’t; riding C.couldn’t; ride
【答案】C
【详解】句意:以前她不会骑自行车。但是现在她能骑自行车骑得很好。本题考查情态动词和动词的形式,第一句根据before可知句子是一般过去时,could为can的过去式,couldn’t为其否定形式,符合句意。情态动词can其后加动词原形,ride是动词原形,riding是动名词/现在分词,故选C。
18.(2022·江苏南通·小升初真题)—Mum, can I watch TV ( )
—No, you can’t. It’s too late. You ______ go to bed.
A.can B.has to C.must
【答案】C
【详解】句意:—妈妈,我可以看电视吗?—不,你不能。太晚了。你______去睡觉。本题考查情态动词,A可以,B不得不,C必须。根据句意可知你必须去睡觉,排除A,主语you是第二人称,has是第三人称的单数形式,排除B,故选C。
19.(2022·江苏南通·小升初真题)—_____ I watch TV ( )
—No. It’s too late. You _____ go to bed now.
A.Can; must B.May; mustn’t C.Can; can’t
【答案】A
【详解】句意:—我能看电视吗?—不行,太晚了。你现在必须去睡觉。本题考查情态动词。问能不能做什么用can提问,由句意可知第二空用must必须,A项符合题意,故选A。
20.(2022·山东青岛·小升初真题)When I ________ born, I ________ talk. ( )
A.am; can’t B.were; could C.was; can D.was; couldn’t
【答案】D
【详解】句意:出生的时候我不会说话。本题考查时态。根据句意可知本题是一般过去时态,主语是I ,be动词用was,不会用couldn’t,故选D。
21.(2022·河北廊坊·小升初真题)Li Ming ______ a T-shirt tomorrow. ( )
A.buys B.bought C.buy D.will buy
【答案】D
【详解】句意:李明明天将买一件T恤。本题考查动词的形式,A动词第三人称单数形式,B动词过去式,C动词原形,Dwill+动词原形,根据tomorrow可知句子为一般将来时,句型结构:主语+will+动词原形+其他,故选D。
22.(2022·吉林白山·小升初真题)I like ________ stories. ( )
A.watching B.reading C.read
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我喜欢读故事。本题考查动名词和动词辨析。A观看,B读,C读,读故事应用read story表示,watch表示观看,由like doing sth喜欢做某事可知,动词read应用动名词形式reading,故选B。
23.(2022·吉林白山·小升初真题)They ________ on that Saturday morning. ( )
A.see a film B.watches TV C.read a book D.go to the park
【答案】C
【详解】句意:在那个周六的早上他们_____。本题考查动词短语和动词的形式,A看电影,B看电视,C读书,D去公园。根据on that Saturday morning在那个周六的早上,可知句子的时态是一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式。see是动词原形,watches是第三人称单数形式,read的原形与过去式都是read,go是动词原形。故选C。
24.(2022·吉林白山·小升初真题)He ________ by subway yesterday. ( )
A.went to work B.going
C.goes to work
【答案】A
【详解】句意:他昨天乘坐地铁去上班。本题考查动词的形式。由句意可知句子时态为一般过去时,因此动词go应用其过去式went,A项符合题意,故选A。
25.(2022·山东滨州·小升初真题)There ________ no dining hall in my school twenty years ago. ( )
A.is B.was C.were D.are
【答案】B
【详解】句意:二十年前我们学校没有食堂。本题考查There be句型,dining hall食堂,是单数,前面be用单数is,根据twenty years ago可知句子是一般过去时,动词用过去式,is的过去式是was,故选B。
26.(2022·山东潍坊·小升初真题)—Did you ______ my sweater ( )
—No, I didn’t.
A.washed B.wash C.washing D.washes
【答案】B
【详解】句意:—你昨天洗我的毛衣了吗?—不,我没有。本题考查动词的形式。A动词过去式,B动词原形,C动名词/现在分词,D动词的第三人称单数形式。一般疑问句的一般现在时结构:Did+主语+动词原形+其他?Did为助动词,疑问句中动词用原形wash。故选B。
27.(2022·山东潍坊·小升初真题)Will it ______ in New York tomorrow ( )
A.windy B.be windy C.winding
【答案】B
【详解】句意:明天纽约会刮风吗?本题考查动词原形和形容词的用法。will将要,是情态动词,其后接动词原形,be windy表示多云。故选B。
28.(2022·山东潍坊·小升初真题)Look! The balloons ______ away! ( )
A.flies B.flew C.are flying
【答案】C
【详解】句意:看!气球飞走了!本题考查动词形式。根据句意可知句子是现在进行时,其基本结构为:主语+be+动词现在分词+其他,动词fly应用其现在分词形式flying,故选C。
29.(2022·广东惠州·小升初真题)My dad is a driver. He ______ a taxi everyday. ( )
A.drive B.drives C.driver
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我的爸爸是一名司机。他每天开出租车。本题考查动词的形式,A动词原形,B动词第三人称单数,C司机,every day是一般现在时的标志词,句子主语My dad 是第三人称单数,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式,故选B。
30.(2022·湖北十堰·小升初真题)I can _______ apples in autumn. ( )
A.pick B.picks C.picked D.picking
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我可以在秋天摘苹果。本题考查动词的形式,A是动词原形,B是动词的第三人称单数,C是动词过去式,D是动词现在分词。can后跟动词原形,故选A。
提升专练
1.They sat on the chair and _________ a chat. ( )
A.had B.have C.got D.met
【答案】A
【详解】句意:他们坐在椅子上聊天了。本题考查动词短语和动词的形式。have a chat聊天,and连接的动词形式要一致,sat是过去式,横线处也填have的过去式had,故选A。
2.—______ Zhang Peng do word puzzles every day ( )
—Yes. He likes ______ word puzzles very much.
A.Do; doing B.Does; do C.Does; doing
【答案】C
【详解】句意:—张鹏每天都做字谜游戏吗?—是的,他非常喜欢做字谜游戏。本题考查助动词和动词的形式。问句是由助动词引导的一般疑问句,主语Zhang Peng是第三人称单数,助动词用Does;like doing sth喜欢做某事,故第二空用动名词形式doing。故选C。
3.It was Mike’s birthday yesterday. His mother ______ many gifts for him. ( )
A.buy B.buys C.bought
【答案】C
【详解】句意:昨天是迈克的生日。他的妈妈给他买了很多礼物。本题考查动词的形式,根据句意可知迈克的生日是昨天,横线处要用一般过去时,A动词原形,B动词的第三人称单数形式,C动词的过去式,故选C。
4.I _______ lots of people in the park yesterday afternoon. ( )
A.saw B.see C.am seeing
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我昨天下午在公园里看见了很多人。本题考查时态辨析和动词的形式。yesterday afternoon昨天下午,是一般过去时的标志词,谓语动词用过去式,saw是see的过去式,故选A。
5.—Your mother ________ very young. ( )
—Thank you.
A.looks at B.looks C.looks like D.look
【答案】B
【详解】句意:—你的妈妈看起来很年轻。—谢谢你。本题考查动词的形式。A看,表示看的动作;B看起来,动词的第三人称单数;C看起来像;D看起来,动词原形。根据句意排除AC;句子是一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,动词用第三人称单数,排除D。故选B。
6.I ________ go to school now. It’s 7:30. Class will begin at 8:00. ( )
A.can B.may C.must D.would
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我_______去上学了。七点半了。八点开始上课。本题考查情态动词。A能,B可以,C必须,C会,根据句意可知此处指必须去上学了,故选C。
7.Mike usually _______ up at six thirty in the morning, but he _______ up at seven this morning. He was late for school. ( )
A.got; got B.got; gets C.gets; gets D.gets; got
【答案】D
【详解】句意:迈克通常六点半起床,但是他今早上七点起床。他上学迟到了。本题考查动词的形式,gets是动词的第三人称单数,got动词过去式,根据usually可知第一空时态为一般现在时,主语Mike是第三人称单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数gets,排除选项AB;第二空根据this morning可知句子时态为一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式got,故选D。
8.Look! Here’s the _______ man. We _______ walk now. ( )
A.green; mustn’t B.red; must C.red; mustn’t D.yellow; must
【答案】C
【详解】句意:看!这是__________人。我们现在_________走。本题考查形容词辨析和情态动词。A绿色的;禁止。B红色的;必须。C红色的;禁止。D黄色的;必须。根据生活常识,红灯停,绿灯行,黄灯等待。C符合题意,故选C。
9.Mr Li went to the library and ________ back some books. ( )
A.bring B.brought C.bringing
【答案】B
【详解】句意:李先生去了图书馆,带回了一些书。本题考查动词的形式。A是动词原形,B是动词过去式,C是动词的ing形式,went是动词过去式,and连接的动词形式要一致,故选B。
10.Look! There are a lot of clouds in the sky. It is going to _______ soon. ( )
A.rains B.rainy C.be raining D.be rainy
【答案】D
【详解】看!空中有很多云。很快要下雨了。本题考查动词的形式。A是动词的第三人称单数,be going to后跟动词原形,排除A;B是形容词,不符合句子结构,排除B;C是一种状态,不符合句意,排除C;D下雨,be+形容词构成系表结构,符合句意,故选D。
11.__________ an environment protection worker, I will protect nature from now on. ( )
A.Being B.Become C.To be D.Be
【答案】C
【详解】句意:为了成为一名环境保护工作者,我将从现在开始保护自然。本题考查动词的形式。A是动名词或者动词的现在分词,B是动词原形,C是动词不定式,D是动词原形。本题是动词不定式表目的,C符合题意,故选C。
12.—Our library is bright and beautiful. ( )
—Yes. Will you __________ us __________ it
A.shows; to B.show; around
C.shows; around D.show; to
【答案】B
【详解】句意:—我们的图书馆明亮而美丽。—是的。你能带着我们参观它吗?本题考查动词短语和动词的形式。show sb around带领某人参观,will后面加动词原形,构成一般将来时,故选B。
13.—What did you do last night
—I did my homework and ________ TV. ( )
A.watch B.watched C.am watching
【答案】B
【详解】句意:—昨晚你做什么了?—我做作业和看电视了。本题考查动词的形式,A动词原形,B动词过去式,C动词现在分词,这是一般过去时的句子,用动词过去式,故选B。
14.—Where __________ Lily and her sister yesterday evening ( )
—In the park.
A.was B.were C.are D.did
【答案】B
【详解】句意:—昨天晚上莉莉和她姐姐在哪里?—在公园里。本题考查be动词。问句没有实义动词,故不能用助动词did,由yesterday evening可知句子是一般过去时,be动词用过去式,主语Lily and her sister是复数,be动词用were。故选B。
15.The cat ______ angry with the mouse. ( )
A.does B.are C.do D.is
【答案】D
【详解】句意:猫生老鼠的气。本题考查固定搭配和be动词。be angry with生气,主语The cat是第三人称单数,be用is,故选D。
16.Now David _____ very active in class. ( )
A.is B.was C.are
【答案】A
【详解】句意:现在大卫在课堂上非常活跃。本题考查be动词和时态辨析。根据now可知句子是一般现在时,主语David是第三人称单数,be动词用is,故选A。
17.Oliver _____ go cycling when he was six years old. ( )
A.can’t B.couldn’t C.won’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意:奥利弗六岁的时候不会骑自行车。本题考查情态动词和一般过去时,A不会,一般现在时,B不会,一般过去时,C将不会,一般将来时,根据句意可知句子时态为一般过去时,故谓语动词用动词的过去式,故选B。
18.There isn’t enough water on the earth. We ______ save every drop of water. ( )
A.should B.shouldn’t C.can
【答案】A
【详解】句意:地球上没有足够的水。我们_____节约每一滴水。本题考查情态动词,A应该,B不应该,C可以。根据句意可知我们应该节约用水,故选A。
19.I didn’t like PE class before because I _________ run fast or play football well. ( )
A.can’t B.don’t C.couldn’t
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我以前不喜欢体育课因为我不能跑得快或踢足球踢得好。本题考查陈述句的否定句和情态动词,A不能,B不,助动词原形;C不能,情态动词过去式。before是一般过去时的标志词,助动词或情态动词要用过去式,排除选项AB,根据句意可知,选项C符合句意,故选C。
20.Look at the sign! We _____ have a picnic here. ( )
A.should B.must C.can
【答案】C
【详解】句意:看那个标志!我们_______在这里野餐。本题考查情态动词辨析,A应该,B一定,C可以,
根据句意可知,表示我们可以在这里野餐,故选C。
21.You _____ swim in the river. It’s dangerous. ( )
A.mustn’t B.don’t C.must
【答案】A
【详解】句意:你________在河里游泳。它太危险了。本题考查情态动词,A禁止,B不要,C必须。根据句意可知是禁止在河里游泳,故选A。
22.Tony is a helpful boy. He _______ cook food three years ago. ( )
A.can B.must C.could D.should
【答案】C
【详解】句意:托尼是一个勤劳的男孩子。他三年前会做饭。由句子中ago可知句子时态为一般过去时,can表示能力,过去式是could,must必须,should应该,所以C符合句意,故选C。
23.—What colour are your shorts ( )
—They are black ______ white.
A.and B.with C.or
【答案】A
【详解】句意:—你的短裤是什么颜色的?—它们是黑白相间的。本题考查并列连词。black和white是并列关系,用并列连词and连接,故选A。
24.Whose hair is longer Amy’s ________ Sarah’s ( )
A.or B.and C.but
【答案】A
【详解】句意:谁的头发更长?艾米的还是莎拉的?本题考查连词辨析,A或者,B和,C但是,由句意可知这是一个选择疑问句,表示二者选其一,中间需用or连接,故选A。
25.I can’t run ______ play football on the road. ( )
A.and B.or C.with
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我不能在路上跑步或踢足球。A和,连词。B或,连词。C和……一起,介词。该空连接两个动词run和play,应填连词,排除C选项。and一般用在肯定句中,or一般用在否定句或疑问句。中。该句为否定句,故选B。
26.She's eating dinner, ______ her sister is eating dinner, too. ( )
A.or B.but C.and
【答案】C
【详解】句意:她正在吃晚饭,_____她姐姐/妹妹也在吃晚饭。A或者,B但是,C并且。结合选项和选项可知,此处应用并列连词and,意为前后两句意思并列,故选C。
27.You can _______ stay at home _______ go out to play. ( )
A.either; or B.so; that C.neither; and D.both; and
【答案】A
【详解】句意:你要么呆在家里要么出去玩。B选项如此……以致于……,不符合题意;C选项没有这种用法,neither一般与nor连用;D选项为并列连词,表示既……又……,不符合题意;A选项通常用于连接两个表示选择关系的词或句子,表示要么……要么 ……,符合题意。故选A。
【点睛】
28.Let's go _______ see the Christmas lights! ( )
A.with B.and C.for D.or
【答案】B
【详解】句意:让我们去看圣诞节灯。去看应该用go and see。和and前后连接两个并列的动词,故选B。
29.—Why is she wearing a dress ( )
—________ she’s going to the theatre.
A.And B.Because C.But
【答案】B
【详解】句意:—她为什么穿着裙子?—________她打算去剧院。本题考查从属连词,A和,表并列关系;B因为,表因果关系;C但是,表转折关系;根据句意可知此处表示因果关系,故选B。
30.It was raining hard ______ I got up this morning. ( )
A.if B.when C.after D.until
【答案】B
【详解】句意:雨正下得很大______我今天早上起床。本题考查从属连词辨析。A如果,B当……时,C在……之后,D直到。根据句意可知,是在我早上起床时,雨正下得很大,表示一个动作发生,另外一个动作正在进行时,用when。故选B。
31.It was only five minutes walk from here. _______ we didn’t take a taxi. ( )
A.and B.But C.So D.Or
【答案】C
【详解】句意:从这里步行只有5分钟。___我们没有必要打车。and和;But但是;So因此;Or或者;由句子可知路程很近,因此不要打车,故选C。
32.I like summer best ______ Children’s Day. ( )
A.because B.because of C.why
【答案】B
【详解】句意:______儿童节,我最喜欢夏天。why为什么位于本句中不符合句意;because因为,连词,后跟句子;because of因为,介词,后跟词或短语;故选B。
33.We can go to the post office, ________we send a post card. ( )
A.but B.then C.first D.when
【答案】B
【详解】句意去邮局“然后”邮寄信件,固选then.
34._______ you work harder, you will win the race. ( )
A.Because B.If C.So
【答案】B
【详解】句意:_______你更加努力,你会赢得这场比赛。本题考查从属连词,A因为,B如果,C因此,选项B符合句意,故选B。
35.They’re playing football, ________ it starts to rain. ( )
A.but B.and C.or
【答案】A
【详解】句意:他们正在踢足球,但开始下雨了。本题考查转折连词。A但是,B和,C或,横线前后是转折关系,用转折连词but连接,故选A。2024年新七年级下册英语期末复习之动词、连词(人教版2024)
动词
动词就是表示动作或状态的词。按照动词的意思及其在句子中的作用来划分,可以分为系动词(小学阶段主要是指be动词)、行为动词(实义动词)、助动词和情态动词等。
系动词,也称连系动词,通常用于连接主语与表语,说明主语的状态、性质、特征等。小学阶段学习的系动词主要指的是 be动词。
(1) be动词的一般现在时的形式是 am, is, are;过去形式单数用 was,复数用 were。这几个单词一般都表示“是”,在句子中充当谓语。
(2)在一般现在时态中, be 动词 am, is, are的运用根据主语的人称和数的不同有所区别。
如: Who am I Guess. 我是谁 猜一猜。
Are you cleaning your room, Mike 迈克,你正在打扫你的房间吗
The water is green. 水是绿色的。
He was a student last year. 去年他是一名学生。
Were there any trees around your house five years ago 五年前你家周围有树吗
(2023淮安淮安区)单项选择。
( ) ________ the boys ________ in the music room now
A. Is;singing B. Are;singing C. Does;sing
思路点拨:由 now 可知此句需用现在进行时,这是一般疑问句,句式为“be动词+主语+doing+其他 ”, the boys是复数形式, be动词要用 are。 答案 B
行为动词一般指实义动词,即表示具有一定意义的动作的词。如:skate, swim, listen,clean。行为动词
有及物动词与不及物动词之分。
常见的容易混淆的行为动词辨析:
①look, see, watch 和 read
a. look意为“看”,是不及物动词,后面接名词时,要加上介词at。如:
look at the bird 看那只鸟
b. see意为“看见,看到”,表示看的结果,不能用于现在进行时。如:
see a man 看见一个男人
c. watch意为“观看,注视”,表示专注地看某项节目或活动。如:
watch TV 看电视
watch a football match 看一场足球比赛
d. read 意为“读,阅读”,表示看书刊类。如:
read a book 看书
read newspapers 看报纸
②say, speak, talk 和 tell
a. say意为“说”。如:
say to sb 对某人说(后跟引语)
say it again 再说一遍
b. speak意为“讲,发言”。如:
speak at the meeting 在会上发言
learn to speak学会说
speak English 讲英语
c. talk意为“谈话”(不及物动词)。如:
talk about sth 谈论某事
talk with sb 与某人交谈
d. tell意为“告诉,讲”(及物动词)。如:
tell sb to do sth/tell sb not to do sth告诉某人做/不做某事
tell sb about sth 告诉某人某事
tell a story 讲一个故事
③put on, wear和 dress
a. put on 意为“穿上”(强调动作)。如:
It's cold outside. Please put on your jacket. 外面很冷。请穿上你的夹克衫。
b. wear意为“穿着”(强调状态)。如:
Miss Li is wearing a blue dress today. 李老师今天穿了一条蓝色的连衣裙。
c. dress意为“打扮,给······穿衣服”;dress up意为“打扮,穿上盛装”。如:
They dress up in costumes on Halloween. 他们在万圣节穿上戏装。
(2023南通崇川区)单项选择。
( )—How can we ________ there —By ship.
A. get to B. get C. go to
思路点拨:there是副词,前面不加介词。 答案 B
助动词本身无词义或意义不完整,不能单独作谓语。它必须和主要动词连用,帮助构成各种时态、
语态、否定句和疑问句等结构。
常见助动词有三个,分别为:do, does和 did。do, does用于一般现在时;did 用于一般过去时。它们通
常用在疑问句和否定句中。其否定形式是: do not(don’t), does not(doesn't), did not(didn't)。如:
Do you have any grapes 你有一些葡萄吗
What do you usually do at weekends 你通常在周末做什么
My sister doesn't do shopping on the Internet.我的姐姐不在网上购物。
(淮安清江浦区)按要求完成句子。
He does well at home.(改为否定句)
He ________ ________well at home.
思路点拨:原句是以实义动词 do为谓语的一般现在时,变为否定句要借助助动词 don't/doesn't,且主语是第三人称单数,故要用 doesn't,实义动词does变成原形 do。 答案 doesn't do
(1)情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词。
(2)在小学阶段,我们接触的情态动词主要有:can(could), may(might), must, need, shall(should), will(would)。还有一些如:ought to,dare(dared)等。
(3)情态动词的常见考点:
①情态动词后面接动词原形,不受人称和数的变化影响。如:
He couldn't play basketball two years ago. 他两年前不会打篮球。
②在否定句和一般疑问句中的变化。
有情态动词的句子,改为否定句时,在情态动词后加 not 即可;
改为一般疑问句时,则将情态动词提前,首字母大写。如:
The light is red. You mustn't cross the road now. 是红灯。你现在不能过马路。
Shall we go to the zoo by bus 我们乘公共汽车去动物园好吗
(2023昆山)用所给单词的适当形式填空。
We must ________(help) the teacher carry it.
思路点拨:must是情态动词,情态动词后跟动词原形。 答案 help
ask for请求; 询问 agree with同意
clean the house 打扫房屋 clean the floor 扫地
collect stamps 集邮 come back回来
come from 来自······ come here 来这里
come in 进来 come on 过来; 加油
come down落下来 come along 随同
dig a hole 挖坑; 挖洞 do housework 做家务
do sports 做运动 do morning exercises 晨练
do some reading 读书 do one’s homework 做作业
draw a picture 画画 drive a car驾车
drink some water 喝些水 fall down落下
get off下车 get on 上车
get to 到达 get up起床
get out of 走出 (……之外) grow up长大
go and have a look 去看一看 go back 回去
go boating去划船 go fishing去钓鱼
go for a walk去散步 go home 回家
go on a diet节食 go out出去
go shopping 去购物 go skating 去滑冰
go skiing 去滑雪 go straight on 直走
go swimming去游泳 go to bed去睡觉
go to school去上学 go to the cinema 去看电影
go to work去上班 have a bath 洗澡
hurry up 快点 had better 最好……
have a Chinese lesson 上语文课 have a cold感冒
have a fever发烧 have a headache 头痛
have a look 看一看 have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得开心
have a toothache 牙痛 have a rest休息
have a picnic 举行野餐活动 have a try试一试
have a trip 去旅游 have a stomachache 胃痛
have lunch吃午饭 have breakfast吃早餐
have some Coke 喝些可乐 have time 有时间
have fun 玩得开心 have a look=take a look 看
have supper/dinner吃晚饭 hold up举起
keep on (doing sth.)继续(反复)做某事 keep a diary记日记
listen to music 听音乐 listen to the CDs 听CD
listen to the radio 听收首机 laugh at 嘲笑
look for 寻找 let me see 让我想一想; 让我看一看
look at=have a look at 看 look after=take care of 照顾
look around=look about 环顾四周 look out=be careful 当心; 小心
look up 向上看; (在词典中) 查阅 make friends 交朋友
make clothes 做衣服 make the bed 整理床铺
make money 赚钱 make a noise 吵闹
make a face 做鬼脸 make trouble 惹麻烦
make friends with sb. 与某人做朋友 make a mistake 犯错误
be made in 由(某产地) 制造 be made(up) of 由······组成(构成)
pick up 捡起 plant trees 种树
play basketball 打篮球 play badminton 打羽毛球
play cards 打牌 play football 踢足球
play games 玩游戏 play tennis 打网球
play the guitar 弹吉他 play table tennis 打乒乓球
play the piano 弹钢琴 put away 放好; 收起来
put down 放下;扑灭; 平息 put into 添加; 投资; 输入; 使进入
put off延期 put on 穿(衣); 戴(帽)
put on performances 演出 put up 挂起; 张贴; 举起; 抬起; 建造
ride a bike 骑自行车 see a film 看电影
take a message传递信息 take exercise 进行锻炼
take medicine 服药 take photos照相
talk with 与······谈话 think of 认为; 想起
turn down 关小; 调低 take away 拿走
take a taxi 乘出租车 take part in 参加; 参与
take back 带回; 收回 take down 拿下
take a look(at)看一下 take off脱下; 起飞
take…out把……拿出来 turn to转到; 翻到
turn... into...把······变成······ turn off关上(灯、收音机、煤气、自来水等)
turn on 开; 旋开 (电灯、无线电等) wait a moment稍等一下 wait for等候
wash clothes 洗衣服 wash dishes洗碟子
watch TV 看电视 watch a football match 看足球赛
water the flower 浇花 water the tree 浇树
write a letter 写信
单项选择。
( )1. My aunt ________ her baby carefully.
A. looks out B. looks at C. looks after
( )2. He often goes to the playground and ________ games.
A. plays B. looks C. makes
思路点拨:1.本题要结合句子提供的情景和所给动词短语的意思来思考。look out 表示“当心; 小心; 朝外看”, look at表示“看”, look after 表示“照顾”。由baby 和 carefully可推断出用 looks after恰当。 2.本题要结合句子提供的情景和所给动词的意思来思考。由goes to the playground 和 games 可知到操场上是去做游戏, 所以用动词 plays。 答案1. C 2. A
连词
连词的特点是不能独立担任句子成分,它只能起连接词与词、短语与短语、句与句以及引导从句的作用。
并列连词用来连接平行的单词、词组和句子,这种关系是对等关系。
(1)并列关系
①and意为“和”,表示并列。如:
I've got a fever and a headache. 我发烧并且头疼。
②or意为“或者”,表示选择的含义。如:
Whose bike is newer, yours or mine 谁的自行车更新,你的还是我的
(2)转折关系
but 意为“但是”,表示转折。如:
The man is short, but he's very strong. 这位男士个子矮,但他很强壮。
单项选择。
( )I can sing, ________ I can't dance.
A. and B. but C. with
思路点拨:and意为“和”;but 意为“但是”;with 是介词, 意为“和 一起”,后面不能接句子。根据句意可知,前后两句是转折关系。故选 B。 答案 B
从属连词用于引导复合句中的从句,起连接主句与从句的作用。
(1) after意为“……之后”。如:
He started the job soon after he left the university.
他大学毕业之后就开始做这份工作。
(2) before意为“……之前”。如:
Turn off the lights before you leave.
在你离开之前请关灯。
(3) because 意为“因为”。如:
—Why is the baby crying 那个婴儿为什么哭
—Because she’s hungry now.因为她现在饿了。
(4) so意为“所以”。如:
It rained all day yesterday, so we couldn't go camping.
昨天一整天都在下雨,所以我们不能去露营。
(2023湖北襄阳)单项选择。
( ) I like spring ________ it's warm and flowers are everywhere.
A. so B. after C. because
思路点拨:根据句意可知,“我”喜欢春天,是因为春天很温暖,到处都是花儿。so意为“所以”, after意为“ 之后”, because意为“因为”。故选 C。 答案C
1.______ Mike ______ TV last night ( )
A.Did, watch B.Does, watch C.Did, watched
2.I like summer best because I ______ go water skiing. ( )
A.can B.can’t C.do
3.—_________ you ride a bike two years ago ( )
—No, I _________.
A.Can; can’t B.Could; could C.Could; couldn’t
4.Helen Keller ______ see or hear, but she wrote a book about herself. ( )
A.couldn’t B.can C.could
5.I _____ short before, but now I _____ tall. ( )
A.am; was B.was; was C.was; am
6._____ you happy at the party yesterday ( )
A.Are B.Were C.Did
7.—______ those signs interesting ( )
—No, I______ think so.
A.Do; didn’t B.Is; don’t C.Are; don’t D.Does; didn’t
8.—______ your brother ______ a film last weekend ( )
—Yes, he did.
A.Did; saw B.Did; see C.Does; see
9.—Why ____ they so hungry ( )
—Because they ____ have their dinner.
A.are; didn’t B.do; didn’t C.were; don’t D.are; don’t
10.I ______ like winter before. Now I like winter. ( )
A.don’t B.doesn’t C.didn’t
11.I can ______ a boat in the West Lake. ( )
A.row B.rowed C.rows
12.—Will you _____ noodles for breakfast tomorrow morning ( )
—No, I won’t.
A.have B.has C.having
13.I want _____ buy a gift for my mother. ( )
A./ B.to be C.to
14.Sarah ________ some delicious fruits last night. ( )
A.eats B.eating C.ate
15.Whose is thinner, Lucy _____ Amy ( )
A.is B.and C.or
16.—How was your holiday ( )
—It was a bad day ______ also a good day.
A.so B.but C./
17.—Why are you wearing raincoat ( )
—________ it’s going to rain soon.
A.Because B.So C.But
18.He made a video of space, ______ lots of people watched the video. ( )
A.but B.or C.and
19.He is riding a bike, ______ it starts to rain. ( )
A.and B.but C.with
20.______ eat ______ drink too much. It’s bad for your health. ( )
A.Don’t; and B.Don’t; but C.Don’t; or
21.I like to go swimming, __________ he doesn’t. ( )
A.and B.or C.but
22.Do you like this ball _______ that ball ( )
A.or B.to C.for
23.There will not be blue sky ______ fresh air. ( )
A.with B.or C.so
24.—______ are you late again ( )
—______ I missed (错过) the bus.
A.Why; So B.When; Because C.Why; Because
25.I couldn’t run fast, _____ I didn’t like PE class very much. ( )
A.but B.so C.or
真题感知
1.(2022·江苏南京·小升初真题)—________ the water clean ( )
—Yes, the water was clean.
A.Does B.Is C.Was
2.(2022·浙江宁波·小升初真题)There ______ some juice and fruits in the fridge. ( )
A.is B.am C.are D.be
3.(2022·广东惠州·小升初真题)I ______ shorter than you last year, but now I ______ taller than you. ( )
A.am; am B.was; am C.am; was
4.(2023·浙江温州·小升初真题)—Does John ______ in Canberra ( )
—No. He ______ in Beijing now.
A.live; lives B.lives; lives C.live; lived
5.(2023·浙江杭州·小升初真题)The yogurt ______ good with the ice cream. ( )
A.taste B.tasting C.tastes D.is tasted
6.(2023·湖南怀化·小升初真题)It will _____ tomorrow in Huaihua. ( )
A.raining B.rains C.rain
7.(2023·江西吉安·小升初真题)Mike likes _____ basketball very much. ( )
A.play B.plays C.playing
8.(2023·海南三亚·小升初真题)The doctor often tells him ________ more exercise. ( )
A.to take B.takes C.talking
9.(2023·江西吉安·小升初真题)_________ you _________ TV last weekend ( )
A.Did; watched B.Does; watch C.Did; watch
10.(2022·江苏南京·小升初真题)My grandpa ________ strong. Now he is weak. ( )
A.is B.does C.was
11.(2022·江苏南京·小升初真题)—What are you doing ( )
—I am ________ a card.
A.makes B.making C.make
12.(2022·江苏南京·小升初真题)Yesterday we ________ a pair of runners and a T-shirt for Li Ming. ( )
A.buy B.bought C.is buying
13.(2022·广东中山·小升初真题)The teacher told us ______ some photos to the class. ( )
A.bring B.bringing C.to bring D.brought
14.(2022·浙江宁波·小升初真题)Five years ago,Tim was short, but he _______ play basketball well. ( )
A.couldn’t B.could C.can
15.(2022·浙江宁波·小升初真题)Sarah and I ______ a film next Sunday. We ______ horses last Sunday. ( )
A.am going to see; rode B.are going to see; rode C.will see; ride
16.(2022·河北廊坊·小升初真题)My mother wants me ______ my little sister with her English. ( )
A.help B.to help C.helps D.helping
17.(2022·山东滨州·小升初真题)She ________ go cycling before. But now she can ________ a bike well. ( )
A.can’t; ride B.couldn’t; riding C.couldn’t; ride
18.(2022·江苏南通·小升初真题)—Mum, can I watch TV ( )
—No, you can’t. It’s too late. You ______ go to bed.
A.can B.has to C.must
19.(2022·江苏南通·小升初真题)—_____ I watch TV ( )
—No. It’s too late. You _____ go to bed now.
A.Can; must B.May; mustn’t C.Can; can’t
20.(2022·山东青岛·小升初真题)When I ________ born, I ________ talk. ( )
A.am; can’t B.were; could C.was; can D.was; couldn’t
21.(2022·河北廊坊·小升初真题)Li Ming ______ a T-shirt tomorrow. ( )
A.buys B.bought C.buy D.will buy
22.(2022·吉林白山·小升初真题)I like ________ stories. ( )
A.watching B.reading C.read
23.(2022·吉林白山·小升初真题)They ________ on that Saturday morning. ( )
A.see a film B.watches TV C.read a book D.go to the park
24.(2022·吉林白山·小升初真题)He ________ by subway yesterday. ( )
A.went to work B.going
C.goes to work
25.(2022·山东滨州·小升初真题)There ________ no dining hall in my school twenty years ago. ( )
A.is B.was C.were D.are
26.(2022·山东潍坊·小升初真题)—Did you ______ my sweater ( )
—No, I didn’t.
A.washed B.wash C.washing D.washes
27.(2022·山东潍坊·小升初真题)Will it ______ in New York tomorrow ( )
A.windy B.be windy C.winding
28.(2022·山东潍坊·小升初真题)Look! The balloons ______ away! ( )
A.flies B.flew C.are flying
29.(2022·广东惠州·小升初真题)My dad is a driver. He ______ a taxi everyday. ( )
A.drive B.drives C.driver
30.(2022·湖北十堰·小升初真题)I can _______ apples in autumn. ( )
A.pick B.picks C.picked D.picking
提升专练
1.They sat on the chair and _________ a chat. ( )
A.had B.have C.got D.met
2.—______ Zhang Peng do word puzzles every day ( )
—Yes. He likes ______ word puzzles very much.
A.Do; doing B.Does; do C.Does; doing
3.It was Mike’s birthday yesterday. His mother ______ many gifts for him. ( )
A.buy B.buys C.bought
4.I _______ lots of people in the park yesterday afternoon. ( )
A.saw B.see C.am seeing
5.—Your mother ________ very young. ( )
—Thank you.
A.looks at B.looks C.looks like D.look
6.I ________ go to school now. It’s 7:30. Class will begin at 8:00. ( )
A.can B.may C.must D.would
7.Mike usually _______ up at six thirty in the morning, but he _______ up at seven this morning. He was late for school. ( )
A.got; got B.got; gets C.gets; gets D.gets; got
8.Look! Here’s the _______ man. We _______ walk now. ( )
A.green; mustn’t B.red; must C.red; mustn’t D.yellow; must
9.Mr Li went to the library and ________ back some books. ( )
A.bring B.brought C.bringing
10.Look! There are a lot of clouds in the sky. It is going to _______ soon. ( )
A.rains B.rainy C.be raining D.be rainy
11.__________ an environment protection worker, I will protect nature from now on. ( )
A.Being B.Become C.To be D.Be
12.—Our library is bright and beautiful. ( )
—Yes. Will you __________ us __________ it
A.shows; to B.show; around
C.shows; around D.show; to
13.—What did you do last night
—I did my homework and ________ TV. ( )
A.watch B.watched C.am watching
14.—Where __________ Lily and her sister yesterday evening ( )
—In the park.
A.was B.were C.are D.did
15.The cat ______ angry with the mouse. ( )
A.does B.are C.do D.is
16.Now David _____ very active in class. ( )
A.is B.was C.are
17.Oliver _____ go cycling when he was six years old. ( )
A.can’t B.couldn’t C.won’t
18.There isn’t enough water on the earth. We ______ save every drop of water. ( )
A.should B.shouldn’t C.can
19.I didn’t like PE class before because I _________ run fast or play football well. ( )
A.can’t B.don’t C.couldn’t
20.Look at the sign! We _____ have a picnic here. ( )
A.should B.must C.can
21.You _____ swim in the river. It’s dangerous. ( )
A.mustn’t B.don’t C.must
22.Tony is a helpful boy. He _______ cook food three years ago. ( )
A.can B.must C.could D.should
23.—What colour are your shorts ( )
—They are black ______ white.
A.and B.with C.or
24.Whose hair is longer Amy’s ________ Sarah’s ( )
A.or B.and C.but
25.I can’t run ______ play football on the road. ( )
A.and B.or C.with
26.She's eating dinner, ______ her sister is eating dinner, too. ( )
A.or B.but C.and
27.You can _______ stay at home _______ go out to play. ( )
A.either; or B.so; that C.neither; and D.both; and
28.Let's go _______ see the Christmas lights! ( )
A.with B.and C.for D.or
29.—Why is she wearing a dress ( )
—________ she’s going to the theatre.
A.And B.Because C.But
30.It was raining hard ______ I got up this morning. ( )
A.if B.when C.after D.until
31.It was only five minutes walk from here. _______ we didn’t take a taxi. ( )
A.and B.But C.So D.Or
32.I like summer best ______ Children’s Day. ( )
A.because B.because of C.why
33.We can go to the post office, ________we send a post card. ( )
A.but B.then C.first D.when
34._______ you work harder, you will win the race. ( )
A.Because B.If C.So
35.They’re playing football, ________ it starts to rain. ( )
A.but B.and C.or