银川市唐徕中学
2024届高三年级第四次模拟考试
英 语 试 卷
第二部分： 阅读理解 (共两节， 满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Yunnan offers exciting experiences of unique customs. If you are already planning to visit Yunnan, see our festival tours.
The Torch (火把) Festival
Date: July /August (days 24 to 26 of the sixth lunar month)
Location: Lijiang
It is a traditional festival among the Yi, Naxi, and Bai minority (少数民族) groups. According to the ancient rule of the Naxi people, the Torch Festival should last three days, and every family should light a big torch in front of their doors for the three days.
Recommended Tour: 3-Day Ancient Lijiang Tour
The Water Splashing (泼酒) Festival
Date: April 13 to 15
Location: Xishuangbanna
It is the most important festival observed by the Dai people of Xishuangbanna in southen Yunnan. It involves splashing water lantern floating and other joyful activities.
Recommended tour: 6-Day Xishaungbanna Tour
The Horse Race Festival
Date: May/June (5th of the fifth lunar month)
Location: Shangri-la
Falling on the same date as the Dragon Boat Festival, it is the biggest gathering of Tibetans in Yunnan and usually lasts about 3 days. During the celebrations, traditional performances and competitions like horse racing and wrestling (摔跤) will beheld.
Recommended tour: 8-Day Yunnan Tour of the Nu River and Tengchong
The Third Month Fair of the Bai Group
Date: April /May(days 15 to 21 of the third lunar month)
Location: Dali
It is one of the most important festivals celebrated by the Bai people in Dali in western Yunnan. During the March Fair, the streets of Dali Ancient Town are packed with people selling amazing minority items.
Recommended tour: 6-Day Yunnan Minorities Tour
21. What do the Torch Festival and the Water Splashing Festival have in common
A. The date. B. The location.
C. The lasting time D. The celebratory events.
22. Which festival will you attend if you like to buy local gifts while travelling
A. The Torch Festival. B. The Water Splashing Festival.
C. The Horse Race Festival. D. The Third Month Fair of the Bai Group.
23. Where is the text probably taken from
A. A business research. B. A newspaper report.
C. An educational magazine. D. An advertising leaflet.
B
My friend never did well in school but always had a sharp eye for beauty. One day I was busy arranging some flowers in a vase but just couldn’t get them to look right. She came along, and with a few skillful waves of her hand, transformed them into a stunning bouquet. When praised for having this amazing ability, she shrugged off the compliment. She simply didn’t view her creativity as anything special.
Too often we underestimate our own talents in this way. Maybe it’s because we’ve become used to believing that only abilities like a high I.Q., a gift for mathematics or a large vocabulary have cognitive (认知的) value. I was fortunate to learn otherwise at a young age.
When I entered high school, a guidance counselor told my mother I wasn’t college material because I had performed miserably on the spelling section of a standardized test. Thankfully my mother recognized my other intellectual (智力的) gifts and stood up for me, insisting I be put into the college-track curriculum. This experience literally defined the course of my life. It showed me how important it is not to accept a label someone else put on me and it allowed me to realize my full potential.
In the early 1980’s, Howard Gardner, a prominent Harvard researcher, pioneered a concept of “multiple intelligences”. In his book, Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences, he suggested that intelligence is not limited to a traditional interpretation but instead includes a wide range of cognitive abilities.
What I love about the multiple intelligences theory is that it allows you to reframe your own abilities and talents, especially those that don’t necessarily fit into neat academic boxes. While it’s true one must meet a basic level of intelligence for achievement, the analytical skills measured by I.Q. do not tell the whole story. This is why we should celebrate all of our talents and abilities. They’re part of what makes your individual brain so wonderful and unique.
24. Whose ability is probably underestimated according to the author
A. A child who has a large vocabulary.
B. A child who is good at building Lego blocks.
C. A child who has an easy time learning how to multiply.
D. A child who quickly fits into academic learning process.
25. What does “otherwise” underlined in paragraph 2 refer to
A. It suited me well to take college-track courses.
B. Intelligence can be interpreted by various abilities.
C. Spelling ability in a standardized test is of great value.
D. A high I. Q. makes no sense in realizing my full potential.
26. Why did the author mention Howard Gardner’s book
A. To introduce a new topic. B. To clarify a concept.
C. To recommend the book. D. To support his opinion.
27. Which can be a suitable title for the text
A. Change Your Cognitive Value.
B. Develop Your Academic Ability.
C. Appreciate Your Multiple Intelligences.
D. Explore the Theory of Multiple Intelligences.
C
I observed one child hugging her beloved toy dog while reading a book to her friend — both she and her dog were actively turning the pages — and with every page turned, she looked down at her dog, lovingly. As a longtime educator of toddlers and a current PhD student studying transitional phenomena and object relations, I have had the pleasure to witness the presence of transitional objects in the kindergarten.
The term transitional object, coined in 195l by D.W. Winnicott, refers to any material to which a child attaches a special value and by means of which the child is able to make the necessary shift from the earliest oral relationship with mother to genuine object-relationships. It is typically something soft, such as a blanket or a soft toy, that is similar to the mother’s warm arms.
It may also be the subject of the child’s fantasies, for example where a teddy bear is spoken to, hugged, punished, etc. It thus becomes a tool for practicing interaction with the external world. Moreover, the transitional object supports the development of the self, as it is used to represent ‘not me’. By looking at the object, the child knows that it is not the object and hence something individual and separate. in this way, it helps the child develop its sense of ‘other’ things.
If the object is denied in any way, attachment difficulties may arise later in life. The object allows for and invites emotional well-being, and without such an object, true feelings may be hidden or dismissed as the child has no other means to cope with and comprehend the world. Worse still, the object is intimately bound up with the identity of the child. Taking away the object is also taking away something of the child itself.
Winnicott noted that transitional objects continue through the course of our lives, as “sacred monuments” which pull us back to “a place and time of great comfort and memory”. The attachment to certain objects like self photographs defines both memorials, and more importantly a state of connection and presence in the world.
28. How does the writer introduce the topic
A. By sharing feelings. B. By illustrating a term.
C. By relating an experience. D. By providing background information.
29. What does the term “transitional objects” refer to according to the passage
A. Tools used by educators to aid teaching.
B. Items to which a child becomes deeply attached.
C. Toys designed to amuse kids in the kindergarten.
D. Expensive personal possessions gifted by parents.
30. What might happen if a child’s transitional object is denied
A. Ho might lose his imagination.
B. He may become more independent.
C. He is less likely to share personal feelings.
D. He probably distances himself from his mother.
31. What is the main purpose of the text
A. To introduce how to develop a sense of ‘other’ things.
B. To do research on the psychological development of kids.
C. To show how to enhance the bond between mother and child.
D. To stress the importance of transitional objects to children.
D
In a bid to reduce global electronic waste, Fairphone has created a smartphone that owners can repair themselves. What makes its technology so sustainable
“This is my phone’s camera,” says Bas van Abel, co-founder of the Fairphone, holding a small, square component aloft. He has just removed it from his smartphone, using a tiny screwdriver.
“There are eight components in total which can be removed and replaced,” he says, as he carefully disassembles his entire smartphone, placing the camera alongside his phone battery, USB port, screen and loudspeaker.
Founded in 2013 in Amsterdam, Fairphone makes Android smartphones which can easily be exchanged, customized and repaired by their owners. By enabling and encouraging people to fix their phones, rather than throwing them away as soon as a component breaks, Fairphone hopes to help reduce electronic waste.
In 2022, 5.3 billion mobile phones were thrown away, the Belgian non-profit The WEEE Forum, which analyses electronic waste, estimates. In the US, people replace their phones every 18 months on average as new models with upgraded features are released. Most devices now come as sealed units that are extremely difficult and expensive to repair, or even produce error messages if damaged components are fixed.
Fairphone wants to break this trend by selling phones that have a longer working life.
Despite its ambition, Fairphone is still only a minor player in the mobile phone market ——since launching, it has sold around 550,000 devices. To put this into context, more than 232 million iPhones were sold worldwide in 2022. But van Abel says Fairphone is trying to prove that it is possible for companies to turn a profit selling sustainable smartphones.
Sustainability, however, comes with a high price tag. The latest Fairphone model costs 649. This is partly because Fairphone has to build everything in-house, according to van Abel. “We do all the software updates ourselves as there’s not one company in the world that supports long-lasting phones,” he says. “There’s a lot of investment needed for us to be able to do what we want to.”
32. What do we know about van Abel
A. He was quite skillful in repairing mobile phones.
B. He created a smartphone that can repair itself.
C. He was satisfied with this sustainable smartphone.
D. He advocated recycling electronic products.
33. Why did Americans always change their phones
A. Because the functions of the phones needed to be upgraded.
B. Because old phones were not environmentally friendly.
C. Because they didn’t like using second-hand phones.
D. Because the data in the phones showed errors.
34. What can we infer about Fairphone
A. Its various products were deeply loved by consumers.
B. Its sales profit was higher than that of iPhone.
C. It required financial and technical support.
D. It encouraged people to purchase high-capacity smartphones.
35. What can be concluded from Fairphone’s development
A Everything’s hard in the beginning.
B. No pains, no gains.
C. Love me, love my dog.
D. Kill two birds with one stone.
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
New academicians take a group photo after the certificate awarding ceremony at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. ____36____ They aimed to make greater contributions to the development of the nation’s scientific research by encouraging the young generation and promoting the role of female scientists.
Academician Huang made three commitments to himself — to contribute his energy to scientific research; to apply his achievements in the fields; and to provide more opportunities for young people. “____37____ By allowing outstanding young people to have sufficient opportunities, we can foster a diverse scientific community with vigorous debates,” he said.
Academician Jian Zhimin advised young students that persistence is the most valuable spirit on the path of scientific research. “____38____ This determination and perseverance are essential in scientific research,” he said.
Out of the 59 newly elected academicians this year five of them are female scientists. Academician Jin Kuijuan mentioned that women have unique perspectives, and respecting the role of women is of crucial significance. ___39___
____40____ For example, she said funding institutions such as the National Natural Science Foundation and the Excellent Young Scholars Fund have relaxed their age restrictions, taking into consideration the time and energy women need for childbirth and childcare.
A. They are more resilient (有适应力的), which contributes to the development of science.
B. In recent years, Jin has noticed the increasing support for female scientists in China.
C. As academicians, we need to share more opportunities with the younger generation.
D. She has both male and female students, who are irreplaceable to each other.
E. The 59 newly elected academicians vowed at the ceremony on Friday.
F. I hope the honor I received can inspire more females to develop an interest in physics.
G. To achieve success in the field of science, the most important thing is to persist with original intention.
第三部分 英语知识运用(共二节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Standing on the shore of a lake, I can’t help but feel surprised at the thousands of small rocks that surround my boots. They were all created from hard surfaces, their edges softening over time. I wonder, “Can we learn from a pile of ____41____ ”
Even the tallest mountains have ____42____; none are as tall as they were 1,000 years ago. And much like a rock, I’ve found my ____43____ has softened and my desire to better understand others has expanded with each trip around the sun.
____44____, I was also a sharp rock covered in pointy edges. Today, after decades of the waters of life coursing over me, my edges are softer and and I’m more ____45____. I’m less likely to judge and more interested in learning how we can ____46____ together.
But I’m not a rock. I’m a ____47____ filled with all the drama built into my DNA.
Two years ago, while traveling in the Pacific Northwest, I watched a restaurant owner ask several young men to ____48____ for not wearing masks. Not ____49____ and not rude. On the door read a sign, “Please wear a mask before entering our restaurant. We don’t like it either, but let’s all do what we can to _____50_____ this together.”
The group of young men wanted to _____51_____ about the note. I sat at the restaurant watching, understanding both sides. I’ve been one of them before, using my youthful edges to chip away at the world. What I lost, _____52_____, was the ability to grow from _____53_____ by looking through the eyes of others. In learning to be more _____54_____, I’ve also found more happiness and success.
You can fit more rounded rocks in a jar than those with sharp edges. The former look for ways to _____55_____ and make room for others, while the latter never give an _____56_____ to accommodate others.
_____57_____, like the waters rolling against once sharp stones, changes us by washing away our resistance to _____58_____ the world from someone else’s point of view.
I placed a _____59_____ stone into my jacket pocket. Mother Nature is holding a _____60_____ again.
41. A. goods B. boxes C. books D. rocks
42. A. piled up B. worn down C. risen up D. broken down
43. A. will B. voice C. attitude D. heart
44. A. Often B. Still C. Here D. Once
45. A. understanding B. confident C. patient D. competitive
46. A. contribute B. exist C. suffer D. develop
47. A. leader B. teacher C. human D. judge
48. A. leave B. explain C. apologize D. pay
49. A. contradictory B. confusing C. forceful D. discouraging
50. A. get through B. stick to C. deal with D. fight against
51. A. think B. care C. talk D. argue
52. A. even B. however C. anyway D. also
53. A. hardships B. struggle C. experiences D. failure
54. A. open B. cautious C. ambitious D. independent
55. A. ignore B. accept C. adjust D. change
56. A. excuse B. agreement C. entrance D. inch
57. A. Nature B. Tolerance C. Tide D. Time
58. A. reforming B. seeing C. exploring D. travelling
59. A. sharp B. rounded C. valuable D. rolling
60. A. class B. belief C. meeting D. discussion
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内的单词的正确形式。
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides a year into 24 solar terms. The Spring Equinox (春分), ____61____ the fourth term of the year, starts on March 20 and ends on April this year.
The Spring Equinox signals the equal ____62____ (long) of the day and night time. The day of the Spring Equinox is ____63____ the sun is directly above the equator. After the equinox, the sun moves northwards, resulting in ____64____ (gradual) longer day time in the Northern Hemisphere and longer night in the Southern Hemisphere.
Standing an egg upright is a popular game across the country during the Spring Equinox. It is an old custom that ____65____ (date) back to 4,000 years ago. People ____66____ (practice) this tradition to celebrate the coming of spring since ancient times. It is believed that if someone can make the egg stand, he will have good luck in the future.
The Spring Equinox is ____67____ good time to fly kites. In ancient times, people did not have good medical resources. So ____68____ (pray) for good health, they wrote their medical issues on a paper kite. When the kite ____69____ (fly) in the air, people would cut off the string to let the paper kite float away, _____70_____ (symbolize) the flying away of diseases.
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余词用斜线(﹨)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Yesterday, I went to an amazing Chinese art festival. There were different stands artists could demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors! It was definite an exciting experience. What caught our attention first was a 18th-century qinghua bowl. It vividly illustrated two dragons’ playing with a ball, which were typical of Chinese porcelain. Then I try some paper cutting, namely, making images out of papers. It was difficult, but a lot of fun! With the help of an artist, and I managed to make one in the shape of a fish. Another man seating next to him showed me how seal cutting worked. He made one for me with my name on Chinese — pretty awesome!
第二节 书面表达 (满分25分)
72. 假定你是李华，最近参加了学校举办“新时代好少年”(“Model Students in New Era”)主题网络短视频制作大赛活动，请你给学校英文报写一篇短文介绍该活动，内容包括：
1.活动设置目的；
2.你的参与情况和感受。
注意：1.词数100词左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：新时代好少年 Model Students in New Era
An Unforgettable Video–clip Story
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________银川市唐徕中学
2024届高三年级第四次模拟考试
英 语 试 卷
第二部分： 阅读理解 (共两节， 满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Yunnan offers exciting experiences of unique customs. If you are already planning to visit Yunnan, see our festival tours.
The Torch (火把) Festival
Date: July /August (days 24 to 26 of the sixth lunar month)
Location: Lijiang
It is a traditional festival among the Yi, Naxi, and Bai minority (少数民族) groups. According to the ancient rule of the Naxi people, the Torch Festival should last three days, and every family should light a big torch in front of their doors for the three days.
Recommended Tour: 3-Day Ancient Lijiang Tour
The Water Splashing (泼酒) Festival
Date: April 13 to 15
Location: Xishuangbanna
It is the most important festival observed by the Dai people of Xishuangbanna in southen Yunnan. It involves splashing water, lantern floating and other joyful activities.
Recommended tour: 6-Day Xishaungbanna Tour
The Horse Race Festival
Date: May/June (5th of the fifth lunar month)
Location: Shangri-la
Falling on the same date as the Dragon Boat Festival, it is the biggest gathering of Tibetans in Yunnan and usually lasts about 3 days. During the celebrations, traditional performances and competitions like horse racing and wrestling (摔跤) will beheld.
Recommended tour: 8-Day Yunnan Tour of the Nu River and Tengchong
The Third Month Fair of the Bai Group
Date: April /May(days 15 to 21 of the third lunar month)
Location: Dali
It is one of the most important festivals celebrated by the Bai people in Dali in western Yunnan. During the March Fair, the streets of Dali Ancient Town are packed with people selling amazing minority items.
Recommended tour: 6-Day Yunnan Minorities Tour
21. What do the Torch Festival and the Water Splashing Festival have in common
A. The date. B. The location.
C. The lasting time D. The celebratory events.
22. Which festival will you attend if you like to buy local gifts while travelling
A. The Torch Festival. B. The Water Splashing Festival.
C. The Horse Race Festival. D. The Third Month Fair of the Bai Group.
23. Where is the text probably taken from
A. A business research. B. A newspaper report.
C An educational magazine. D. An advertising leaflet.
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了去云南旅行时人们可以参加的几个节日。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Torch (火把) Festival部分中的“Date: July /August (days 24 to 26 of the sixth lunar month)(日期：七月/八月（农历六月二十四至二十六）)”和The Water Splashing (泼酒) Festival部分中的“Date: April 13 to 15(日期：4月13日至15日)”可知，火把节和泼水节的相同之处在于它们都持续三天，即持续时间相同，故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Third Month Fair of the Bai Group部分中的“During the March Fair, the streets of Dali Ancient Town are packed with people selling amazing minority items.(三月集市期间，大理古城的街道上挤满了出售令人惊叹的少数民族商品的人。)”可知，如果你想在旅行时购买当地的礼物，你可以参加The Third Month Fair of the Bai Group.这个节日，故选D。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Yunnan offers exciting experiences of unique customs. If you are already planning to visit Yunnan, see our festival tours.(云南提供令人兴奋的独特习俗体验。如果您已经计划去云南，请查看我们的节日之旅。)”可知，文章主要介绍了去云南旅行时人们可以参加的几个节日，由此可推知，该文章可能选自一张旅游广告传单。故选D。
B
My friend never did well in school but always had a sharp eye for beauty. One day I was busy arranging some flowers in a vase but just couldn’t get them to look right. She came along, and with a few skillful waves of her hand, transformed them into a stunning bouquet. When praised for having this amazing ability, she shrugged off the compliment. She simply didn’t view her creativity as anything special.
Too often we underestimate our own talents in this way. Maybe it’s because we’ve become used to believing that only abilities like a high I.Q., a gift for mathematics or a large vocabulary have cognitive (认知的) value. I was fortunate to learn otherwise at a young age.
When I entered high school, a guidance counselor told my mother I wasn’t college material because I had performed miserably on the spelling section of a standardized test. Thankfully my mother recognized my other intellectual (智力的) gifts and stood up for me, insisting I be put into the college-track curriculum. This experience literally defined the course of my life. It showed me how important it is not to accept a label someone else put on me and it allowed me to realize my full potential.
In the early 1980’s, Howard Gardner, a prominent Harvard researcher, pioneered a concept of “multiple intelligences”. In his book, Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences, he suggested that intelligence is not limited to a traditional interpretation but instead includes a wide range of cognitive abilities.
What I love about the multiple intelligences theory is that it allows you to reframe your own abilities and talents, especially those that don’t necessarily fit into neat academic boxes. While it’s true one must meet a basic level of intelligence for achievement, the analytical skills measured by I.Q. do not tell the whole story. This is why we should celebrate all of our talents and abilities. They’re part of what makes your individual brain so wonderful and unique.
24. Whose ability is probably underestimated according to the author
A. A child who has a large vocabulary.
B. A child who is good at building Lego blocks.
C. A child who has an easy time learning how to multiply.
D. A child who quickly fits into academic learning process.
25. What does “otherwise” underlined in paragraph 2 refer to
A. It suited me well to take college-track courses.
B. Intelligence can be interpreted by various abilities.
C. Spelling ability in a standardized test is of great value.
D. A high I. Q. makes no sense in realizing my full potential.
26. Why did the author mention Howard Gardner’s book
A. To introduce a new topic. B. To clarify a concept.
C. To recommend the book. D. To support his opinion.
27. Which can be a suitable title for the text
A. Change Your Cognitive Value.
B. Develop Your Academic Ability.
C. Appreciate Your Multiple Intelligences.
D. Explore the Theory of Multiple Intelligences.
【答案】24. B 25. B 26. B 27. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己的亲身经历，表达了自己的观点：虽然一个人智力水平和学术成绩很重要，但这并不能说明一切，我们应该欣赏和赞美我们所拥有的各种天赋和能力，它们是让我们的大脑如此美妙和独特的原因之一。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Maybe it’s because we’ve become used to believing that only abilities like a high I.Q., a gift for mathematics or a large vocabulary have cognitive (认知) value.”（也许这是因为我们已经习惯于相信，只有高智商、数学天赋或大词汇量等能力才具有认知价值。）和第一段的“She simply didn’t view her creativity as anything special.”（她只是不认为自己的创造力有什么特别的。）可知，一个擅长搭乐高积木的孩子并不是我们习惯上认知的在学习方面很有才能的孩子，他有着自己独特的创造力，他的能力很可能被人们低估了。故选B。
【25题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段“It showed me how important it is not to accept a label someone else put on me and it allowed me to realize my full potential.”（它告诉我，不接受别人给我的标签是多么重要，它让我意识到我的全部潜力。）和第四段“In his book, Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences, he suggested that intelligence is not limited to a traditional interpretation but instead includes a wide range of cognitive abilities.”（在他的《思维框架：多元智能理论》一书中，他提出，智能不局限于传统的解释，而是包括广泛的认知能力。）并结合划线词所在句“I was fortunate to learn otherwise at a young age.”（幸运的是，我在很小的时候就学会了otherwise。）可知，作者很小就懂得了智力不是只局限于传统的学习方面的能力，而是可以用各种能力来诠释的。故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“In the early 1980’s, Howard Gardner, a prominent Harvard researcher, pioneered a concept of “multiple intelligences”. ”（20世纪80年代初，哈佛大学著名研究员Howard Gardner率先提出了“多元智能”的概念。）及在书中阐述的“In his book, Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences, he suggested that intelligence is not limited to a traditional interpretation but instead includes a wide range of cognitive abilities.”（在他的《思维框架：多元智能理论》一书中，他提出，智能不局限于传统的解释，而是包括广泛的认知能力。）可知，作者提到Howard Gardener的书是为了阐明“多元智能”的概念。故选B。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“What I love about the multiple intelligences theory is that it allows you to reframe your own abilities and talents, especially those that don’t necessarily fit into neat academic boxes. ”（我喜欢多元智能理论的原因是，它可以让你重新构建自己的能力和天赋，尤其是那些不一定符合整齐的学术框架的能力和天赋。）及“This is why we should celebrate all of our talents and abilities. They’re part of what makes your individual brain so wonderful and unique.”（这就是为什么我们应该赞美我们所有的天赋和能力，它们是让你的大脑如此美妙和独特的原因之一。）以及全文内容可知，本文主要表达了我们应该欣赏和赞美所拥有的各种天赋和能力的观点，C项“欣赏你的多元智能”符合文意。故选C。
C
I observed one child hugging her beloved toy dog while reading a book to her friend — both she and her dog were actively turning the pages — and with every page turned, she looked down at her dog, lovingly. As a longtime educator of toddlers and a current PhD student studying transitional phenomena and object relations, I have had the pleasure to witness the presence of transitional objects in the kindergarten.
The term transitional object, coined in 195l by D.W. Winnicott, refers to any material to which a child attaches a special value and by means of which the child is able to make the necessary shift from the earliest oral relationship with mother to genuine object-relationships. It is typically something soft, such as a blanket or a soft toy, that is similar to the mother’s warm arms.
It may also be the subject of the child’s fantasies, for example where a teddy bear is spoken to, hugged, punished, etc. It thus becomes a tool for practicing interaction with the external world. Moreover, the transitional object supports the development of the self, as it is used to represent ‘not me’. By looking at the object, the child knows that it is not the object and hence something individual and separate. in this way, it helps the child develop its sense of ‘other’ things.
If the object is denied in any way, attachment difficulties may arise later in life. The object allows for and invites emotional well-being, and without such an object, true feelings may be hidden or dismissed as the child has no other means to cope with and comprehend the world. Worse still, the object is intimately bound up with the identity of the child. Taking away the object is also taking away something of the child itself.
Winnicott noted that transitional objects continue through the course of our lives, as “sacred monuments” which pull us back to “a place and time of great comfort and memory”. The attachment to certain objects like self photographs defines both memorials, and more importantly a state of connection and presence in the world.
28. How does the writer introduce the topic
A. By sharing feelings. B. By illustrating a term.
C. By relating an experience. D. By providing background information.
29. What does the term “transitional objects” refer to according to the passage
A. Tools used by educators to aid teaching.
B. Items to which a child becomes deeply attached.
C. Toys designed to amuse kids in the kindergarten.
D. Expensive personal possessions gifted by parents.
30. What might happen if a child’s transitional object is denied
A. Ho might lose his imagination.
B. He may become more independent.
C. He is less likely to share personal feelings.
D. He probably distances himself from his mother.
31. What is the main purpose of the text
A. To introduce how to develop a sense of ‘other’ things.
B. To do research on the psychological development of kids.
C. To show how to enhance the bond between mother and child.
D. To stress the importance of transitional objects to children.
【答案】28. C 29. B 30. C 31. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了“过度客体”及其对孩子的重要性。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“I observed one child hugging her beloved toy dog while reading a book to her friend — both she and her dog were actively turning the pages —and with every page turned, she looked down at her dog, lovingly. As a longtime educator of toddlers and a current PhD student studying transitional phenomena and object relations, I have had the pleasure to witness the presence of transitional objects in the kindergarten. (我注意到一个孩子抱着她心爱的玩具狗给她的朋友读书——她和她的狗都在积极地翻页——每翻一页，她都低头看着她的狗，充满爱意。作为一名长期的幼儿教育工作者和一名研究过渡现象和客体关系的博士生，我很高兴地目睹了幼儿园中过渡客体的存在。)”可知，作者由自己看到的景象引出本文主题——“过度客体”，因此是通过将自己的经历相联系而介绍主题，故选C。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The term transitional object, coined in 195l by D.W. Winnicott, refers to any material to which a child attaches a special value and by means of which the child is able to make the necessary shift from the earliest oral relationship with mother to genuine object-relationships. (‘过渡客体’一词是由D.W. Winnicott在1951年创造的，指的是儿童赋予特殊价值的任何材料，通过这种材料，儿童能够从最早的与母亲的口头关系转变为真正的客体关系。)”和第四段中“If the object is denied in any way, attachment difficulties may arise later in life. (如果对象以任何方式被拒绝，在以后的生活中可能会出现依恋困难。)”可知，“过度客体”是指孩子赋予其特殊价值并深深依恋的东西，故选B。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“If the object is denied in any way, attachment difficulties may arise later in life. The object allows for and invites emotional well-being, and without such an object, true feelings may be hidden or dismissed as the child has no other means to cope with and comprehend the world. (如果对象以任何方式被拒绝，在以后的生活中可能会出现依恋困难。对象允许并邀请情感健康，没有这样的对象，真实的感受可能会被隐藏或忽视，因为孩子没有其他方法来应对和理解世界。)”可知，如果孩子的“过度客体”被拒绝，他就不太可能分享个人感受，故选C。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合最后一段中“Winnicott noted that transitional objects continue through the course of our lives, as “sacred monuments” which pull us back to “a place and time of great comfort and memory”. The attachment to certain objects like self photographs defines both memorials, and more importantly a stale of connection and presence in the world. ( Winnicott指出，过渡客体在我们的生活中一直存在，就像‘神圣的纪念碑’，把我们拉回到‘一个非常舒适和记忆的地方和时间’。对某些物品的依恋，如自拍照，既定义了纪念，更重要的是，定义了与世界的联系和存在的陈腐。)”可知，文章介绍了“过度客体”及其对孩子的重要性，故本文目的是强调过渡客体对儿童的重要性，故选D。
D
In a bid to reduce global electronic waste, Fairphone has created a smartphone that owners can repair themselves. What makes its technology so sustainable
“This is my phone’s camera,” says Bas van Abel, co-founder of the Fairphone, holding a small, square component aloft. He has just removed it from his smartphone, using a tiny screwdriver.
“There are eight components in total which can be removed and replaced,” he says, as he carefully disassembles his entire smartphone, placing the camera alongside his phone battery, USB port, screen and loudspeaker.
Founded in 2013 in Amsterdam, Fairphone makes Android smartphones which can easily be exchanged, customized and repaired by their owners. By enabling and encouraging people to fix their phones, rather than throwing them away as soon as a component breaks, Fairphone hopes to help reduce electronic waste.
In 2022, 5.3 billion mobile phones were thrown away, the Belgian non-profit The WEEE Forum, which analyses electronic waste, estimates. In the US, people replace their phones every 18 months on average as new models with upgraded features are released. Most devices now come as sealed units that are extremely difficult and expensive to repair, or even produce error messages if damaged components are fixed.
Fairphone wants to break this trend by selling phones that have a longer working life.
Despite its ambition, Fairphone is still only a minor player in the mobile phone market ——since launching, it has sold around 550,000 devices. To put this into context, more than 232 million iPhones were sold worldwide in 2022. But van Abel says Fairphone is trying to prove that it is possible for companies to turn a profit selling sustainable smartphones.
Sustainability, however, comes with a high price tag. The latest Fairphone model costs 649. This is partly because Fairphone has to build everything in-house, according to van Abel. “We do all the software updates ourselves as there’s not one company in the world that supports long-lasting phones,” he says. “There’s a lot of investment needed for us to be able to do what we want to.”
32. What do we know about van Abel
A. He was quite skillful in repairing mobile phones.
B. He created a smartphone that can repair itself.
C. He was satisfied with this sustainable smartphone.
D. He advocated recycling electronic products.
33. Why did Americans always change their phones
A. Because the functions of the phones needed to be upgraded.
B. Because old phones were not environmentally friendly.
C. Because they didn’t like using second-hand phones.
D. Because the data in the phones showed errors.
34. What can we infer about Fairphone
A. Its various products were deeply loved by consumers.
B. Its sales profit was higher than that of iPhone.
C. It required financial and technical support.
D. It encouraged people to purchase high-capacity smartphones.
35. What can be concluded from Fairphone’s development
A. Everything’s hard in the beginning.
B. No pains, no gains.
C. Love me, love my dog.
D. Kill two birds with one stone.
【答案】32. C 33. A 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Fairphone发明的一款用户可以自行修复的智能手机。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第二段““This is my phone’s camera,” says Bas van Abel, co-founder of the Fairphone, holding a small, square component aloft. He has just removed it from his smartphone, using a tiny screwdriver.(“这是我手机的摄像头，”Fairphone的联合创始人巴斯·范·阿贝尔举着一个方形的小部件说。他刚刚用一把小螺丝刀把它从智能手机上取了下来。)”可知，他对这款可持续发展的智能手机感到满意。故选C。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第五段中“In the US, people replace their phones every 18 months on average as new models with upgraded features are released. (在美国，人们平均每18个月更换一次手机，因为有升级功能的新机型会发布。)”可知，因为手机的功能需要升级，美国人总是换手机。故选A。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“The latest Fairphone model costs 649. This is partly because Fairphone has to build everything in-house, according to van Abel. “We do all the software updates ourselves as there’s not one company in the world that supports long-lasting phones,” he says. “There’s a lot of investment needed for us to be able to do what we want to.”(最新款Fairphone售价649英镑。范阿贝尔表示，部分原因是Fairphone必须在内部完成所有工作。他说：“我们自己做所有的软件更新，因为世界上没有一家公司支持耐用手机。”“我们需要大量投资，才能做我们想做的事情。”)”可知，Fairphone需要财政和技术支持。故选C。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段中“Despite its ambition, Fairphone is still only a minor player in the mobile phone market ——since launching, it has sold around 550,000 devices. To put this into context, more than 232 million iPhones were sold worldwide in 2022. But van Abel says Fairphone is trying to prove that it is possible for companies to turn a profit selling sustainable smartphones. (尽管Fairphone雄心勃勃，但它在手机市场上仍然只是一个小角色——自推出以来，它已售出约55万台手机。相比之下，2022年全球iphone销量超过2.32亿部。但范阿贝尔表示，Fairphone正试图证明，企业有可能通过销售可持续发展的智能手机实现盈利。)”可知，从Fairphone的发展可以得出的结论是：一开始一切都很艰难。故选A。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
New academicians take a group photo after the certificate awarding ceremony at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. ____36____ They aimed to make greater contributions to the development of the nation’s scientific research by encouraging the young generation and promoting the role of female scientists.
Academician Huang made three commitments to himself — to contribute his energy to scientific research; to apply his achievements in the fields; and to provide more opportunities for young people. “____37____ By allowing outstanding young people to have sufficient opportunities, we can foster a diverse scientific community with vigorous debates,” he said.
Academician Jian Zhimin advised young students that persistence is the most valuable spirit on the path of scientific research. “____38____ This determination and perseverance are essential in scientific research,” he said.
Out of the 59 newly elected academicians this year, five of them are female scientists. Academician Jin Kuijuan mentioned that women have unique perspectives, and respecting the role of women is of crucial significance. ___39___
____40____ For example, she said funding institutions such as the National Natural Science Foundation and the Excellent Young Scholars Fund have relaxed their age restrictions, taking into consideration the time and energy women need for childbirth and childcare.
A. They are more resilient (有适应力的), which contributes to the development of science.
B. In recent years, Jin has noticed the increasing support for female scientists in China.
C. As academicians, we need to share more opportunities with the younger generation.
D. She has both male and female students, who are irreplaceable to each other.
E. The 59 newly elected academicians vowed at the ceremony on Friday.
F. I hope the honor I received can inspire more females to develop an interest in physics.
G. To achieve success in the field of science, the most important thing is to persist with original intention.
【答案】36. E 37. C 38. G 39. A 40. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道中国科学院新当选院士以及他们的科研精神和对于科研事业的承诺。
【36题详解】
上文“New academicians take a group photo after the certificate awarding ceremony at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. (新晋院士在中国科学院颁证仪式后合影留念。)”描述新晋院士参加颁证仪式的场景，结合常识可知，E项“The 59 newly elected academicians vowed at the ceremony on Friday. (59位新当选的院士在周五的典礼上宣誓就职。)”与上文内容相符，说明颁证仪式的时间和相关宣誓程序，下文“They aimed to make greater contributions to the development of the nation’s scientific research by encouraging the young generation and promoting the role of female scientists. (他们旨在是通过鼓励年轻一代和提高女科学家的作用，为国家的科学研究的发展做出更大的贡献。)”说明宣誓相关内容，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
【37题详解】
根据下文“By allowing outstanding young people to have sufficient opportunities, we can foster a diverse scientific community with vigorous debates (让优秀的年轻人有足够的机会，我们可以培育一个多元化的科学界，并进行激烈的辩论)”可知，黄院士强调要给年轻人机会，C项“As academicians, we need to share more opportunities with the younger generation. (作为院士，我们需要与年轻一代分享更多的机会。)”与黄院士观点一致，句中“As academicians, we...”是黄院士的自称。故选C项。
【38题详解】
上文“persistence is the most valuable spirit on the path of scientific research. (坚持是科学研究道路上最宝贵的精神。)”和下文“This determination and perseverance are essential in scientific research. (这种决心和毅力在科学研究中是必不可少的。)”强调“坚持”、“决心”和“毅力”，G项“To achieve success in the field of science, the most important thing is to persist with original intention. (要在科学领域取得成功，最重要的是坚持初心。)”中表达同样的主旨，句中“persist with original intention”与上下文内容相照应。故选G项。
【39题详解】
上文“Academician Jin Kuijuan mentioned that women have unique perspectives, and respecting the role of women is of crucial significance. (金奎娟院士提到，女性有独特的视角，尊重女性的作用至关重要。)”提出女性科学家的重要性，A项“They are more resilient (有适应力的), which contributes to the development of science. (他们适应力更强，这有助于科学的发展。)”承接上文，说明女性科学家的优势，句中指示代词“They”指代上文中“women”。故选A项。
【40题详解】
下文“For example, she said funding institutions such as the National Natural Science Foundation and the Excellent Young Scholars Fund have relaxed their age restrictions, taking into consideration the time and energy women need for childbirth and childcare. (例如，她说，国家自然科学基金和优秀青年学者基金等资助机构已经放宽了年龄限制，考虑到女性生育和照顾孩子所需的时间和精力。)”提出相关机构在政策上对女性科学家的支持，是对B项“In recent years, Jin has noticed the increasing support for female scientists in China. (近年来，金注意到中国对女科学家的支持越来越多。)”的举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。
第三部分 英语知识运用(共二节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Standing on the shore of a lake, I can’t help but feel surprised at the thousands of small rocks that surround my boots. They were all created from hard surfaces, their edges softening over time. I wonder, “Can we learn from a pile of ____41____ ”
Even the tallest mountains have ____42____; none are as tall as they were 1,000 years ago. And much like a rock, I’ve found my ____43____ has softened and my desire to better understand others has expanded with each trip around the sun.
____44____, I was also a sharp rock covered in pointy edges. Today, after decades of the waters of life coursing over me, my edges are softer and and I’m more ____45____. I’m less likely to judge and more interested in learning how we can ____46____ together.
But I’m not a rock. I’m a ____47____ filled with all the drama built into my DNA.
Two years ago, while traveling in the Pacific Northwest, I watched a restaurant owner ask several young men to ____48____ for not wearing masks. Not ____49____ and not rude. On the door read a sign, “Please wear a mask before entering our restaurant. We don’t like it either, but let’s all do what we can to _____50_____ this together.”
The group of young men wanted to _____51_____ about the note. I sat at the restaurant watching, understanding both sides. I’ve been one of them before, using my youthful edges to chip away at the world. What I lost, _____52_____, was the ability to grow from _____53_____ by looking through the eyes of others. In learning to be more _____54_____, I’ve also found more happiness and success.
You can fit more rounded rocks in a jar than those with sharp edges. The former look for ways to _____55_____ and make room for others, while the latter never give an _____56_____ to accommodate others.
_____57_____, like the waters rolling against once sharp stones, changes us by washing away our resistance to _____58_____ the world from someone else’s point of view.
I placed a _____59_____ stone into my jacket pocket. Mother Nature is holding a _____60_____ again.
41. A. goods B. boxes C. books D. rocks
42. A. piled up B. worn down C. risen up D. broken down
43. A. will B. voice C. attitude D. heart
44. A. Often B. Still C. Here D. Once
45. A. understanding B. confident C. patient D. competitive
46. A. contribute B. exist C. suffer D. develop
47. A. leader B. teacher C. human D. judge
48. A. leave B. explain C. apologize D. pay
49. A. contradictory B. confusing C. forceful D. discouraging
50. A. get through B. stick to C. deal with D. fight against
51. A. think B. care C. talk D. argue
52. A. even B. however C. anyway D. also
53. A. hardships B. struggle C. experiences D. failure
54. A. open B. cautious C. ambitious D. independent
55. A. ignore B. accept C. adjust D. change
56. A. excuse B. agreement C. entrance D. inch
57. A. Nature B. Tolerance C. Tide D. Time
58. A. reforming B. seeing C. exploring D. travelling
59. A. sharp B. rounded C. valuable D. rolling
60. A. class B. belief C. meeting D. discussion
【答案】41. D 42. B 43. C 44. D 45. A 46. B 47. C 48. A 49. C 50. A 51. D 52. B 53. C 54. A 55. C 56. D 57. D 58. B 59. B 60. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在湖边观石的时候，联想到自己之前的经历，感悟人就像岩石一样，被时间磨平棱角，在时间中变得更为开阔宽广。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想知道，“我们能从一堆岩石中学习吗？”A. goods商品；B. boxes盒子；C. books书；D. rocks石头。根据上文“Standing on the shore of a lake, I can’t help but feel surprised at the thousands of small rocks that surround my boots.”可知，作者困惑的是是否可以从石头中学到什么东西。故选D。
【42题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：即使是最高的山也已磨损；没有一个像一千年前那么高。A. piled up积累；B. worn down磨损；C. risen up上升；D. broken down分解。根据下文“none are as tall as they were 1,000 years ago”可知，高山的高度因为时间而降低，所以这里说它们被磨损了。故选B。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像一块岩石一样，我发现我的态度变得柔和了，我想更好地理解他人的愿望也随着每一次环绕太阳的旅行而扩大了。A. will意志；B. voice声音；C. attitude态度；D. heart内心。根据下文“my desire to better understand others has expanded”可知，作者理解他人的愿望扩大了，所以是对世界的态度变得柔和了。故选C。
【44题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：曾经，我也是一块尖尖的岩石。A. Often经常； B. Still仍然；C. Here这里；D. Once曾经。根据上文“my desire to better understand others has expanded with each trip around the sun”和下文“I was also a sharp rock covered in pointy edges”可知，现在作者发生了变化，而从前他的边缘也很锋利。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今天，经过几十年的生命之水在我身上流淌，我的棱角变得更加柔和，也更加善解人意。A. understanding善解人意的；B. confident自信的；C. patient耐心的；D. competitive好竞争的。根据上文“my desire to better understand others”可知，作者变得更善解人意。故选A。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不太可能评判别人，我更有兴趣了解我们如何共存。A. contribute做贡献；B. exist存在；C. suffer遭受；D. develop发展。根据上文作者说自己的棱角渐渐磨平，变得善解人意，可推知作者感兴趣的是人如何共存。故选B。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是一个充满了我DNA中所有戏剧性的人。A. leader领导人；B. teacher教师；C. human人类；D. judge裁判。根据下文“my DNA”可知，作者是个人。故选C。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：两年前，在太平洋西北地区旅行时，我看到一个餐馆老板要求几个年轻人离开，因为他们没有戴口罩。A. leave离开；B. explain解释；C. apologize道歉；D. pay支付。根据下文“Please wear a mask before entering our restaurant.”可知，进餐馆需要戴口罩，这几个年轻人没有戴口罩，所以会被要求离开。故选A。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不强势也不粗鲁。A. contradictory矛盾的；B. confusing令人困惑的；C. forceful强势的；D. discouraging使人沮丧的。根据下文“and not rude”可知，餐馆的老板态度并不粗鲁，所以forceful“强势的”符合语境，和rude并列。故选C。
【50题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们也不喜欢这样，但让我们尽我们所能一起度过难关。A. get through度过；B. stick to坚持；C. deal with处理；D. fight against抗争。根据上文“Please wear a mask”可知，故事发生在疫情期间，所以是需要大家尽所能一起度过难关。故选A。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那群年轻人想为那张纸条争论一番。A. think思考；B. care关心；C. talk谈论；D. argue争论。根据上文“I watched a restaurant owner ask several young men to ____8____ for not wearing masks.” 可知，这几个年轻人因为没有带口罩被要求离开餐馆，所以他们应该会对餐馆纸条上的要求争论一番。故选D。
【52题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我失去的是透过他人的眼睛从经历中成长的能力。A. even甚至；B. however然而；C. anyway无论如何；D. also也。根据上文“I’ve been one of them before, using my youthful edges to chip away at the world.”可知，曾经作者很有锋芒，现在却失去了一些能力，上下文是转折关系，需用however“然而”。故选B。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我失去的是透过他人的眼睛从经历中成长的能力。A. hardships困难；B. struggle奋斗；C. experiences经历；D. failure失败。根据此处“grow from ____13____ by looking through the eyes of others”可知，作者在说透过他人的眼睛从某种事物中成长，结合观察岩石、在餐馆的事情可知，experiences“经历”更符合语境，文中没有体现其他选项的含义。故选C。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在学习更开放的过程中，我也找到了更多的快乐和成功。A. open开放的；B. cautious谨慎的；C. ambitious有抱负的；D. independent独立的。根据上文“by looking through the eyes of others”可知，从他人的眼睛去看待事情是换位思考，是变得更加开放包容。故选A。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：前者总想办法调整自己，为别人腾出空间，而后者从不让步迁就别人。A. ignore忽视；B. accept接受；C. adjust调整；D. change改变。根据下文“make room for others”可知，圆的石头会给其他石头腾空间，所以是调整自己。故选C。
【56题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：前者总想办法调整自己，为别人腾出空间，而后者从不让步迁就别人。A. excuse借口；B. agreement同意；C. entrance入口；D. inch少许。根据上文“while”可知，这里强调锋利石头和圆的石头不同，它们不会调整自己，不会让步。not give an inch是固定短语，意为“寸步不让”。故选D。
【57题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：时间，就像水流冲刷着曾经锋利的石头，冲走了我们对从别人的角度看世界的抗拒，从而改变了我们。A. Nature自然；B. Tolerance容忍；C. Tide潮汐；D. Time时间。根据上文“their edges softening over time”可知，是时间磨掉人的棱角，带走了人对换位思考的抗拒。故选D。
【58题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：时间，就像水流冲刷着曾经锋利的石头，冲走了我们对从别人的角度看世界的抗拒，从而改变了我们。A. reforming改革；B. seeing看；C. exploring探索；D. travelling旅行。根据上文“by looking through the eyes of others”可知，是从他人的角度看待世界。故选B。
【59题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我把一块圆石头放进夹克口袋里。A. sharp锋利的；B. rounded圆形的；C. valuable值钱的；D. rolling起伏的。根据上文“their edges softening over time”可知，作者把圆石头放进口袋，提醒自己要收敛锋芒，做善解人意、可以换位思考的人。故选B。
【60题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：大自然母亲又在上课了。A. class课；B. belief信念；C. meeting会议；D. discussion讨论。根据上文“I wonder, “Can we learn from a pile of ____1____ ””可知，作者从自然中学到了重要的一课，所以这里说大自然在上课。故选A。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内的单词的正确形式。
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides a year into 24 solar terms. The Spring Equinox (春分), ____61____ the fourth term of the year, starts on March 20 and ends on April this year.
The Spring Equinox signals the equal ____62____ (long) of the day and night time. The day of the Spring Equinox is ____63____ the sun is directly above the equator. After the equinox, the sun moves northwards, resulting in ____64____ (gradual) longer day time in the Northern Hemisphere and longer night in the Southern Hemisphere.
Standing an egg upright is a popular game across the country during the Spring Equinox. It is an old custom that ____65____ (date) back to 4,000 years ago. People ____66____ (practice) this tradition to celebrate the coming of spring since ancient times. It is believed that if someone can make the egg stand, he will have good luck in the future.
The Spring Equinox is ____67____ good time to fly kites. In ancient times, people did not have good medical resources. So ____68____ (pray) for good health, they wrote their medical issues on a paper kite. When the kite ____69____ (fly) in the air, people would cut off the string to let the paper kite float away, _____70_____ (symbolize) the flying away of diseases.
【答案】61. as 62. length
63. when 64. gradually
65. dates 66. have practiced
67. a 68. to pray
69. flew 70. symbolizing
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了24节气中的春分。
【61题详解】
考查介词。句意：作为一年中的第四个节气——春分，从今年3月20日开始，到今年4月结束。此处意为“作为”，故应用介词as，故填as。
【62题详解】
考查名词。句意：春分意味着白天和夜晚的时间相等。此处做宾语，应用名词“length长度”，故填length。
【63题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：春分就是太阳直射赤道的时候。此处引导表语从句，从句中意味着“太阳直射赤道的时候”，故应用when引导表语从句，故填when。
【64题详解】
考查副词。句意：春分之后，太阳向北移动，导致北半球白天的时间逐渐延长，南半球夜晚时间延长。此处修饰形容词longer，故应用副词“gadually逐渐地，渐渐地”作状语，故填gradually。
【65题详解】
考查时态。句意：这是追溯到4000年前的古老习俗。此处作谓语动词，that引导定语从句，在从句中指代an old custom作主语，故为单数，主语与date back为主动关系，且此处陈述客观事实，故应用一般现在时，故填dates。
【66题详解】
考查时态。句意：自从古代，人们用这一传统来庆祝春天的到来。此处作谓语动词，主语为people，为复数，且主语与practice之间为主动关系，且时间状语为since ancient times，故应用现在完成时，故填have practiced。
【67题详解】
考查冠词。句意：春分是放风筝的好时机。此处time“时机”为可数名词，且此处泛指“一个好时机”，且good以辅音音素开头，故应用不定冠词a，故填a。
【68题详解】
考查不定式。句意：因此为了祈求身体健康，他们将病症写在风筝上。此处“祈求健康”的目的，故应用不定式位于句首作目的状语，故填to pray.
【69题详解】
考查时态。句意：当风筝飞到天空，他们会剪断绳子，让风筝飞走，象征着疾病的飞走。此处作谓语动词，主语为the kite，与fly之间为主动关系，且根据would cut off可知，此处应用一般过去时，故填flew。
【70题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。此处作状语，主语the paper与symbolize为主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语，故填symbolizing。
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(﹨)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Yesterday, I went to an amazing Chinese art festival. There were different stands artists could demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors! It was definite an exciting experience. What caught our attention first was a 18th-century qinghua bowl. It vividly illustrated two dragons’ playing with a ball, which were typical of Chinese porcelain. Then I try some paper cutting, namely, making images out of papers. It was difficult, but a lot of fun! With the help of an artist, and I managed to make one in the shape of a fish. Another man seating next to him showed me how seal cutting worked. He made one for me with my name on Chinese — pretty awesome!
【答案】1. stands后加where
2. definite→definitely
3. our→my
4. a→an
5. were→was
6. try→tried
7. papers→paper
8. 去掉and
9. seating→seated/sitting
10. on→in
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在一个很棒的中国艺术节上的所见所闻。
【详解】1. 考查定语从句。句意：有不同的展台，艺术家可以展示他们的技能，并教游客!分析句子结构知“artists could demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors!”为定语从句，修饰先行词stands，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。故在stands后加where。
2. 考查副词。句意：这绝对是一次令人兴奋的经历。definite修饰动词was，应该用副词修饰。故将definite改为definitely。
3. 考查代词。句意：首先引起我注意的是一只18世纪的清华碗。根据前文“I went to an amazing Chinese art festival.”可知，是作者一人去中国艺术节，所以应是引起我注意的是一只18世纪的清华碗。故将our改为my。
4. 考查冠词。句意：首先引起我注意的是一只18世纪的清华碗。18th-century为元音音素开头，前应用an修饰限定。故将a改为an。
5. 考查主谓一致。句意：它生动地描绘了两条龙玩球的画面，这是典型的中国瓷器。which引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句，结合illustrated可知时态为一般过去时，从句谓语动词为第三人称单数。故将were改为was。
6. 考查动词时态。句意：然后我尝试了一些剪纸，也就是用纸制作图像。根据前文Yesterday可知，本文描述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。故将try改为tried。
7. 考查名词。句意：然后我尝试了一些剪纸，也就是用纸制作图像。paper意为“纸”，为不可数名词，没有复数形式。故将papers改为paper。
8. 考查连词。句意：在一位艺术家的帮助下，我成功地做了一个鱼的形状。前句“With the help of an artist”为介词短语作原因状语，和后文不是并列关系，无需用and连接。故去掉and。
9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：坐在他旁边的另一个人向我展示了篆刻的工作原理。seat修饰man，二者之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词seated作后置定语；也可用sit的非谓语形式，和逻辑主语man为主动关系，用现在分词形式作后置定语。故将seating改为seated/sitting。
10. 考查介词。句意：他给我做了一个，用中文写着我的名字——太棒了!此处表达“用中文”之意，应是固定搭配：in Chinese。故将on改为in。
第二节 书面表达 (满分25分)
72. 假定你是李华，最近参加了学校举办的“新时代好少年”(“Model Students in New Era”)主题网络短视频制作大赛活动，请你给学校英文报写一篇短文介绍该活动，内容包括：
1.活动设置目的；
2.你的参与情况和感受。
注意：1.词数100词左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：新时代好少年 Model Students in New Era
An Unforgettable Video–clip Story
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
An Unforgettable Video–clip Story
Aimed at inspiring students to foster a sense of social responsibility, the video production competition themed “Model Students in New Era”, was held by our school.
Collaborating with a team of like-minded peers, I brainstormed ideas that encapsulated the spirit of a “Model Student”. My video centered around a day in the life of a student who balanced academic pursuits with environmental activism, demonstrating how small acts could create significant impact. From scripting to filming and editing, every step was a learning experience that honed my technical abilities and fostered teamwork.
Not only did I feel challenging in this competition, but also I gained a lot.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给学校英文报写一篇短文，介绍学校最近举办的“新时代好少年”(“Model Students in New Era”)主题网络短视频制作大赛活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
激励：inspire→motivate
竞赛：competition→contest
合作：collaborate→cooperate
获得：gain→obtain
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Aimed at inspiring students to foster a sense of social responsibility, the video production competition themed “Model Students in New Era”, was held by our school.
拓展句：Aimed at inspiring students to foster a sense of social responsibility, the video production competition, whose theme is “Model Students in New Era”, was held by our school.
【点睛】【高分句型1】 Not only did I feel challenging in this competition, but also I gained a lot.(运用了not only放句首的部分倒装句)
【高分句型2】My video centered around a day in the life of a student who balanced academic pursuits with environmental activism, demonstrating how small acts could create significant impact.(运用了who引导的限制性定语从句，how引导的宾语从句)
