2025人教版高中英语选择性必修第二册同步练习题--UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS（含答案与解析）
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2025人教版高中英语选择性必修第二册
单元达标检测
UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
全卷满分150分 考试用时120分钟
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What will the weather be like tomorrow
A.Rainy. B.Sunny. C.Windy.
2.How does the woman probably feel
A.Patient. B.Sorry. C.Annoyed.
3.What is the man buying
A.A chair. B.A ladder. C.A bookcase.
4.What are the speakers mainly talking about
A.Where to apply for jobs.
B.How to deal with stress.
C.When to go shopping.
5.Why was the woman's credit card canceled
A.She had a poor income. B.She got into heavy debt.
C.She made late payments.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.What is the woman
A.A customer. B.A salesperson. C.A store manager.
7.What does the man suggest the woman do
A.Make a complaint. B.Let go of her anger.
C.Call the police.
听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
8.What does the woman ask the man to do
A.Fix a time. B.Drop her off on the way.
C.Take her dress to the cleaner's.
9.What day is it today
A.Friday. B.Saturday. C.Sunday.
10.What will the speakers do on Sunday
A.Buy tickets.
B.Watch the football game.
C.Attend the wedding ceremony.
听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
11.Why does the woman choose to stay in the UK
A.It provides opportunities.
B.Her parents want her to stay.
C.She doesn't like her home country.
12.What will the woman do next
A.Go to a research center.
B.Study in the office.
C.Ask for advice.
13.What are the speakers talking about
A.Their parents. B.A career plan. C.Working experience.
听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。
14.What is this competition about
A.Saving energy at home.
B.Reducing noise pollution.
C.Using technology creatively.
15.What is the stone used for
A.Starting the machine.
B.Increasing air pressure.
C.Producing carbon dioxide.
16.What is the liquid coming from carbon dioxide in the dishwasher designed to do
A.Clean the dishes. B.Start the machine.
C.Give pressure to the stone.
17.Why does the woman come to the man
A.To discuss the way of writing a paper.
B.To find the right material for a model.
C.To study the approach to detailed drawings.
听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。
18.When did Manfred Steiner gain his medical degree
A.In 1951. B.In 1955. C.In 2000.
19.What did Steiner's professor think of him
A.Determined. B.Generous. C.Stubborn.
20.What is Steiner's plan for his future
A.To publish his story.
B.To offer advice on success.
C.To help the professors in Brown.
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Smart Kids Festival Events
“Smart Kids” is a collection of one hundred events scheduled in October. This year, it is experimenting with Pay What You Decide (PWYD). That is, you can decide to pay for what you want or can afford, after you have attended an event.You can pre-book events without paying for a ticket in advance. Here are some of the director's picks.
Walk on the Wild Side
Not ticketed, Free
Join storyteller Sarah Law to hear science stories about animals.Along the way you'll meet all sorts of beautiful creatures and discover life cycles and food chains.It's best suited to children aged 5-9.Children under 8 must be accompanied by an adult.
Introduction to Waves
Pre-book, PWYD
Subjects range from sound waves to gravity waves, and from waves of light to crashing waves on the ocean. Mike Goldsmith explores the fundamental features shared by all waves in the natural world.
Science in the Field
Not ticketed, Free
This storytelling night features a scientist sharing his favourite memories of gathering first-hand data on various field e along for inspiring and informative stories straight from the scientist's mouth. Join Mark Samuels to find out more in this fun-filled workshop.
Festival Dinner
Pre-book,￡25 per person
Whether you want to explore more about food, or just fancy a talk over a meal, join us to mark the first science festival in London. Which food should you eat to trick your brain into thinking that you are full Find out more from Tom Crawford.
21.In which event can you decide the payment
A.Festival Dinner. B.Walk on the Wild Side.
C.Science in the Field. D.Introduction to Waves.
22.Who will talk about experiences of collecting direct data
A.Sarah Law. B.Mike Goldsmith.
C.Mark Samuels. D.Tom Crawford.
23.What do the four events have in common
A.They are all family-based.
B.They are all science-themed.
C.They are all picked by children.
D.They are all filled with adventures.
B
Ada Lovelace was born on December 10th 1815. Ada's mother and father (the famous poet Lord George Gordon Byron) parted just weeks after she was born. Her mother feared her to grow up with her father's changeable nature. To stop this from happening, Ada was forced by her mother to learn science and mathematics, which was unusual for women at the time. She was also punished if her work was not up to standard. However, she was greatly interested in mathematics and science and would perhaps have learned about them on her own.
Ada was partially disabled and as a result spent much time studying. Ada knew of her mother's thought about keeping the creative side of her from germinating(萌芽). However, as Ada herself is known to have said, “If you can't give me poetry, can't you give me poetical science ” Ada got married at 19, to William King who was made the Earl of Lovelace in 1838, at which point she became Lady Ada King, the Countess of Lovelace, but was known as Ada Lovelace. Ada and King had a relatively happy marriage, with King even encouraging his wife's love of numbers.
During her youth, Ada was introduced to the Scot, Mary Somerville, who was known as the “Queen of 19th Century Science” and was the first woman to be accepted into the Royal Astronomical Society. It was through Mary Somerville that Ada first heard of Charles Babbage's idea for a new calculating(计算) engine. Attracted by this idea, Ada began a period of letter-writing with him that would come to decide her professional life.
Ada met Babbage when she was around 17 and the two became close friends. Babbage was working on an “Analytical Engine”, something he was designing to deal with complex calculations. Ada was later asked to translate an article. She not only translated the article but added pages and pages of notes, calculations and innovations(新事物). Her notes were published in 1843 and it turned out that what she had written was so original. It is now seen as the first comprehensive comment on what would become modern-day computer programming. Although impressive, Ada was not actually given credit for the article until 1848.
24.What happened to Ada in her childhood
A.She was pushed to learn scientific knowledge.
B.She had to compare herself with other women.
C.She gave up learning because of her father.
D.She was greatly cared for by her father.
25.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean
A.Ada thought poetry was boring.
B.Ada believed poetry was harder than science.
C.Ada thought science was creative.
D.Ada was interested in both science and poetry.
26.What decided Ada's professional life
A.The support of the Royal Astronomical Society.
B.Her communication with Babbage.
C.Her husband's encouragement.
D.Somerville's suggestions.
27.What did Ada do after she met Babbage
A.She taught people how to program.
B.She invented an “Analytical Engine”.
C.She praised Babbage's achievements.
D.She translated an article and developed it.
C
Booking your next vacation to space could soon be a reality. Orbital Assembly Corporation announced two new station concepts designed with space tourism accommodations. One of the stations, called Pioneer, could orbit Earth as early as 2025.
The Gateway Foundation circulated ideas for a space hotel in 2019. The goal of the stations is to run a space business park that can serve as a home away from home with room for offices and tourists. Orbital Assembly was founded by the Gateway Foundation team as a way to help make these dreams come true.
The proposed Pioneer Station can accommodate 28 people. The second station, Voyager, scheduled to open in 2027, can hold up to 400 people. “The goal has always been to make it possible for large numbers of people to live, work and thrive in space,” says Orbital Assembly's COO Tim Alatorre.
Both stations look like a wheel and will feature artificial gravity that allows guests to move comfortably on each station. Pioneer features five modules built around the rotating “Gravity Ring” architecture design. Tourists may still feel some weightlessness but will also be able to drink out of a cup and won't have to be tied to a bed to sleep. “The gravity works like how a spinning bucket pushes the water out to the sides of the bucket and stays in place,” Alatorre explains. Near the middle of the station, there will be no artificial gravity, but gravity gradually increases further away from the center.
While the Pioneer Station will be smaller than Voyager, guests can still shower, eat and drink sitting down in areas with gravity. Each station is furnished like luxury hotels on Earth. Voyager will feature a restaurant and suites with views of Earth.
A significant barrier to space travel is the cost. However, Orbital Assembly expects tourists to seek a trek into space as space travel eventually becomes less expensive. “We envision our Pioneer and Voyager space stations as the ultimate ecotourism destinations. Once people get to space, it will change their perspective on Earth,” Alatorre says. “Space travel is still at its early stage, and we're excited to do our part to push it forward to help improve life on Earth.”
28.What is the goal of the Pioneer and Voyager space stations
A.To revolutionize space travel.
B.To serve as luxury hotels in space.
C.To offer a unique and immersive experience.
D.To enable the large scale of living and working in space.
29.What do the Pioneer and Voyager space stations have in common
A.Artificial gravity. B.Suites with views.
C.Opening time. D.Passenger capacity.
30.What can we learn from paragraph 4
A.The “Gravity Ring” rotates around the station.
B.The gravity is weak in the central point of the station.
C.The gravity operates like a spinning bucket keeping water inside.
D.The “Gravity Ring” on Pioneer is the same as that on Voyager.
31.What can be a suitable title for the text
A.No Gravity Travel: Pioneer and Voyager Stations
B.Space Hotels for Humans: Pioneer and Voyager Stations
C.Overcoming the Barrier: Pioneer and Voyager Stations
D.Luxury Travel Destinations: Pioneer and Voyager Stations
D
Outer space is getting spicier(更辛辣的), thanks to a new NASA plan to add a little more flavor to astronauts' diets.
Astronauts aboard the International Space Station (ISS) are growing red and green chili peppers(辣椒)for the very first time. A team of researchers at the Kennedy Space Center planted 48 seeds in a device called a science carrier, which has clay for roots to grow in and a specially formulated controlled-release fertilizer. The device is fitted into the Advanced Plant Habitat(APH), one of three plant growth rooms aboard.
“The APH is the largest plant growth facility on the space station and has 180 sensors and controls for monitoring plant growth and the environment,” said project manager Nicole Dufour. “It is a diverse growth room, and it allows us to help control the experiment from Kennedy, reducing the time astronauts spend tending to the crops.”
The peppers will spend about four months growing before they can be harvested and eaten, marking the first time astronauts have planted peppers on the station from seeds to maturity.
“It is one of the most complex plant experiments on the station to date because of the long germination and growing time,” said Matt Romeyn. “We have previously tested flowering to increase the chance of a successful harvest because astronauts will have to pollinate(给……授粉) the peppers to bear fruit.” Researchers will monitor the growth of the peppers and compare them with a control group on Earth.
“The challenge is the ability to feed crews in low-Earth orbit, and then to sustain explorers during future missions beyond low-Earth orbit to destinations including the Moon and eventually to Mars,” Romeyn said. “We are limited to crops that don't need storage, or extensive processing.”
“This is important because the food astronauts eat needs to be as good as the rest of the equipment. To successfully send people to Mars and bring them back to Earth, we will not only require the most nutritious foods, but the best-tasting ones as well,” said team leader LaShelle Spencer.
32.How does the first sentence sound
A.Magical. B.Humorous.
C.Romantic. D.Scientific.
33.Which of the following statements about the crops in the APH is true according to Nicole
A.They are monitored by phones.
B.They don't need fertilizer to grow well.
C.They mainly grow in a water tank.
D.They can be looked after by people on Earth.
34.How will astronauts help grow peppers
A.By getting the peppers pollinated.
B.By recording the peppers' growth.
C.By watering the peppers on time.
D.By keeping the growing room warm.
35.Why do astronauts try growing crops on the ISS
A.To solve the food problem on Earth.
B.To prepare plants' growth in other planets.
C.To enrich astronauts' diets on further destinations.
D.To cultivate crops with no extensive processing.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to become a scientist
Be curious. Scientists choose to become scientists because they are curious about the world around them and how the things in it work. This curiosity leads them to investigate the things behind what they see.
36 Becoming a scientist takes a long time. There are very few careers that take longer than this one. Even when you're done with your education, you still have to get research under your belt. If you're an instant-gratification(即时满足的) type of person, this may not be the right career for you.
Be diligent and persevere. It's been said that jobs in science are the lowest paid in the US. What this is getting at is that because of the long path to success, for a while you won't be living lavishly(奢侈地). 37
Have the need to always keep learning. 38 Whether it's reading peer-reviewed journals, attending seminars, or working toward getting your work published, you'll always be learning. 39 In those years of waiting for results, you need to constantly be looking for the smallest changes in what you expect to see. Your eyes need to be focused and ready at all times.
Think differently. Think back to Newton's apple falling on his head or Archimedes' jumping into his tub and displacing water. Most people would think nothing of these events, but these men saw something else, something no one else was seeing at the time. 40
A.Observation skills are also necessary.
B.Be patient with climbing the career ladder.
C.Things are going to be tough for a while.
D.Then you're probably made of the right stuff.
E.As the saying goes, “Where there is a will, there is a way.”
F.Actually what every scientist does is seek out knowledge.
G.To make progress in human knowledge, you have to think differently.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Careers in science are generally believed to be too complex for students who aren't talented or clever enough, but Scott Kelly, commander of the International Space Station, would prove it's wrong.
As a kid, he was absent-minded and 41 in science and all other subjects as well. He couldn't 42 what the teachers said in class. Therefore, he earned terrible grades and 43 graduated from high school, and he even thought he would never 44 his dreams.
That all 45 when he picked up the film The Right Stuff, Tom Wolfe's classic account of the pioneering Americans who first explored space. 46 , he was determined to be an astronaut, which meant doing well in 47 class. So from that day on, he 48 his mind to do well in it.
After so many years of daydreaming, it wouldn't be 49 . But he started regarding study as a game. The more he 50 his study skills, the better grades he got. Eventually, it became a(n) 51 with himself to see how good he could get. Then the former 52 started getting straight A's in science, which is 53 for those who want to be an astronaut.
So we need to stop 54 the idea that science is just too hard. Everyone can learn this stuff—he just needs to be 55 to do the work.
41.A.uninterested B.absorbed
C.engaged D.experienced
42.A.hold on B.bank on C.look into D.focus on
43.A.easily B.nearly
C.barely D.successfully
44.A.abandon B.acknowledge
C.end D.achieve
45.A.finished B.suspended C.occurred D.changed
46.A.Inspired B.Depressed C.Satisfied D.Shocked
47.A.science B.architecture C.geography D.chemistry
48.A.put up B.made up
C.passed up D.weighed up
49.A.alternative B.difficult
C.easy D.decent
50.A.rejected B.practiced C.arranged D.exchanged
51.A.principle B.agreement C.competition D.guidance
52.A.astronaut B.daydreamer C.scientist D.pioneer
53.A.essential B.superior C.convenient D.worthy
54.A.correcting B.abandoning
C.emphasising D.dismissing
55.A.ashamed B.available C.afraid D.willing
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
According to a report by South China Morning Post, China is planning to launch a hyperloop(超级高铁), also known 56 a super-high speed pipeline maglev system by 2035. If the project goes as 57 (plan), the new train will be the world's fastest ground-based transport.
In the past few days, the Chinese government officers 58 (announce) the approval of the country's first hyperloop line. Its 59 (long) will be 150 kilometers, and it will pass between Shanghai and Hangzhou. The distance between the two cities can be covered in about three hours by car or an hour by high-speed train. But the hyperloop can reach the speed of 1000 km/h, 60 means the route can be completed in just 15 minutes.
The project will make China one of the pioneers in hyperloop technology, 61 (allow) faster travel between several major cities. The hyperloop provides 62 high-security level with low energy consumption. The technology will 63 (far) advance China's position as a leader in transport.
A super-fast hyperloop train in China has completed 64 (it) first test runs. These consisted of three test runs at a superconducting maglev test line in Datong, Shanxi Province. However, the current tube available for trials measures only 2 km long. It 65 (expect) to be extended to 60 km in the near future.
56. 57. 58. 59. 60.
61. 62. 63. 64. 65.
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华,你的英国笔友Peter听说,在中国,现在人工智能已经进入人们的日常生活,其中包括旅游业。他来信询问你国庆假期是否有这方面的体验,请用英文给他回信,内容包括:
1.购买门票可直接手机支付;
2.面部识别入景区;
3.邀请他来体验。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
参考词汇:面部识别facial recognition
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Cut, cut, cut!” I shouted. But that didn't stop Chewy from chasing after the squirrels(追逐松鼠) that had caught his eye halfway through the shot.
“You're supposed to be running after the thief, not squirrels!” I said.
But Chewy didn't care. He had already moved on to chewing his leash(皮带). What kind of Hollywood dog wears a leash It was Dad's rule, though. Because Chewy was only a little dog, I had to keep him on the leash whenever we filmed outside. As long as I followed that rule, I could use Dad's old cellphone to shoot my movie.
“Let's try this again,” I said.
This time, Chewy ran the entire length of the backyard. With the leash on, though, he didn't exactly appear to be in any real hurry to catch anyone. The only way to make this look real would be to take off the leash. But that would mean breaking the promise I made to Dad.
On the other hand, if I moved quickly and was careful with my camera angles, would Dad ever know about it
After taking off the leash, I put Chewy down, ready to record. But before I could shout “Action!”, Chewy ran across the yard and down the driveway and jumped in circles around Mrs. Yang, our next-door neighbor.
“You must smell the dog biscuits I just bought for you,” she said to him. That's when Chewy noticed her bag. As if it were one of his toys, he grabbed it with his mouth and pulled. Mrs. Yang's things dropped on the sidewalk.
I wanted to apologize and help Mrs. Yang pick up her things. But then I remembered something. If Dad found out that I had taken Chewy's leash off, I wouldn't be able to use his cellphone any more. In a panic, I took Chewy and ran inside the house.
When Dad arrived home that evening, I handed him his cellphone. “Did you finish shooting your movie already ” he asked.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
I shook my head and told him everything that had happened.
“Apology accepted,” said Mrs. Yang.
答案全解全析
1.B 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.B 8.C
9.A 10.C 11.A 12.C 13.B 14.C 15.A 16.A
17.B 18.B 19.A 20.C 21.D 22.C 23.B 24.A
25.C 26.B 27.D 28.D 29.A 30.C 31.B 32.B
33.D 34.A 35.C 36.B 37.C 38.F 39.A 40.G
41.A 42.D 43.C 44.D 45.D 46.A 47.A 48.B
49.C 50.B 51.C 52.B 53.A 54.C 55.D
56.as 57.planned 58.have announced 59.length 60.which 61.allowing 62.a 63.further 64.its 65.is expected
第二部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四项以科学为主题的活动以及各项活动的内容和特色。
21.D 细节理解题。 根据第一段中的“it is experimenting with...(PWYD)...can afford”可知,PWYD指你可以决定为你想要的或能买得起的东西付钱,而四项活动的介绍中只有Introduction to Waves有PWYD。故选D。
22.C 细节理解题。根据Science in the Field部分中的“a scientist...gathering first-hand data on...”和“Join Mark Samuels to find out...”可知,Mark Samuels会谈论收集一手数据的经历。故选C。
23.B 推理判断题。根据Walk on the Wild Side部分中的“hear science stories”、Introduction to Waves部分中的“Subjects range from...to crashing waves on the ocean.”、Science in the Field部分中的“a scientist sharing...first-hand data”和Festival Dinner部分中的“mark the first science festival”可知,四项活动的共同点是它们都以科学为主题。故选B。
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,主要叙述了Ada Lovelace的事迹,展现了她对数学和科学知识的热爱。
24.A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“...Ada was forced by her mother to learn science and mathematics, which was unusual for women at the time. She was also punished if her work was not up to standard.”可知,Ada小时候,她的母亲强迫她学习科学知识。故选A。
25.C 句意猜测题。根据第一段的内容和第二段中的“keeping the creative side of her from germinating”可知,母亲不愿Ada继承父亲多变的特质,所以强迫她学习科学知识,让她的创造力无法萌发,但Ada对数学和科学很感兴趣。画线句将poetry和science进行比较,说明她认为科学如诗歌般具有创造性。故选C。
26.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Attracted by this idea, Ada began a period of letter-writing with him that would come to decide her professional life.”可知,Ada与Charles Babbage针对科学知识展开的交流决定了她以后的职业生涯。故选B。
27.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“She not only translated the article but added pages and pages of notes, calculations and innovations.”可知,她翻译了一篇文章并添加了很多注释。故选D。
C
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了先锋站和旅行者站两个空间站的建设和运行情况,未来人们有望去太空度假。
28.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The goal of the stations is to run a space business park that can serve as a home away from home with room for offices and tourists.”和第三段中的“The goal has always been to make it possible for large numbers of people to live, work and thrive in space”可知,这两个空间站的目标是使在太空中的大规模生活和工作成为可能。故选D。
29.A 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Both stations look like a wheel and will feature artificial gravity that allows guests to move comfortably on each station.”可知,这两个空间站的共同之处在于都采用了人工重力。故选A。
30.C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The gravity works like how a spinning bucket pushes the water out to the sides of the bucket and stays in place”可知,重力的动作方式类似于旋转桶,桶旋转时将其中的水推向桶的四周并保持在原地。故选C。
31.B 主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是根据第一段中的“One of the stations, called Pioneer, could orbit Earth as early as 2025.”和第三段中的“The second station, Voyager, scheduled to open in 2027, can hold up to 400 people.”可知,文章主要介绍了两个可以为太空游客提供食宿的空间站——先锋站和旅行者站的建设和运行情况。因此,B项“Space Hotels for Humans: Pioneer and Voyager Stations”符合文章主旨。故选B。
D
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了国际空间站上的宇航员首次种植了辣椒。
32.B 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知,美国国家航空航天局计划为宇航员的饮食增加更多的味道,宇航员因此在国际空间站上种植了辣椒,而文章首句的“外太空正变得更加辛辣”是对此事的一个幽默诙谐的说法。故选B。
33.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“it allows us to help control the experiment from Kennedy”可知,在APH中生长的作物可以由地球上的人照看。故选D。
34.A 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“astronauts will have to pollinate the peppers to bear fruit”可知,宇航员通过给辣椒授粉来帮助种植辣椒。故选A。
35.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“To successfully send people to Mars and bring them back to Earth, we will not only require the most nutritious foods, but the best-tasting ones as well”可推测,宇航员在国际空间站上试验种植作物是为了在更远的目的地享用有营养且味道最好的食物。故选C。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要从几个方面介绍了如何成为一名科学家,包括有好奇心、有耐心、勤奋且持之以恒、不断学习和从不同角度思考。
36.B 根据后句“Becoming a scientist takes a long time.”可知,成为科学家需要很长时间,所以B项“Be patient with climbing the career ladder.”符合语境。故选B。
37.C 根据前句“What this is getting at is that because of the long path to success, for a while you won't be living lavishly.”可知,通往成功的道路可能会很艰难,所以C项“Things are going to be tough for a while.”符合语境。故选C。
38.F 根据前句“Have the need to always keep learning.”和后句“Whether it's reading peer-reviewed journals, attending seminars, or working toward getting your work published, you'll always be learning.”可知,科学家不断地在学习,也就是在寻求知识,所以F项“Actually what every scientist does is seek out knowledge.”符合上下文语境。故选F。
39.A 根据后文“Your eyes need to be focused and ready at all times.”可知,成为科学家需要有观察能力,所以A项“Observation skills are also necessary.”符合语境。故选A。
40.G 根据本段主旨句“Think differently.”可知,本段主要是介绍成为科学家的条件之一就是从不同角度思考问题,所以G项“To make progress in human knowledge, you have to think differently.”符合语境。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了Scott Kelly从一个成天做白日梦的差等生,到下定决心成为一名宇航员,努力学习科学并实现梦想的故事。
41.A 根据空格前的“absent-minded”可知,他心不在焉,对科学和其他所有科目都不感兴趣。 故选A。
42.D 根据下文的“Therefore, he earned terrible grades”可知,因为课上不能集中注意力听老师讲课,所以他成绩糟糕。故选D。
43.C 根据上文的“Therefore, he earned terrible grades”可知,他成绩差,所以勉强能从高中毕业。故选C。
44.D 根据空后的“his dreams”和上文描述可知,他成绩差,所以他甚至认为自己永远无法实现自己的梦想。 故选D。
45.D 根据下文的“when he picked up the film The Right Stuff”和“he was determined to be an astronaut”可知,这部电影对他影响很大,他想要成为一名宇航员,所以是一切都发生了改变。故选D。
46.A 上句提到《太空英雄》这部电影,下文提到他决心成为一名宇航员,应是受到了电影的启发。故选A。
47.A 要想成为一名宇航员,应该是在科学课上表现出色,下文的“straight A's in science”也是提示。 故选A。
48.B 为了成为一名宇航员,他下定决心学好科学。故选B。
49.C 根据空格前的“After so many years of daydreaming”可知,因为这么多年都在做白日梦,所以实现梦想不易。故选C。
50.B 根据空后的“his study skills, the better grades he got”可知,此处指学习技巧练习得越多,他的成绩就越好。故选B。
51.C 根据空后的“see how good he could get”可知,此处指他开始和自己比赛,看自己能做得多好。故选C。
52.B 此处是说他之前是什么样的,由上文的“so many years of daydreaming”可知他之前是一个经常做白日梦的人。故选B。
53.A 要想成为宇航员,科学成绩全优是必不可少的。故选A。
54.C 根据下文“Everyone can learn this stuff”可知,每个人都可以学习科学,所以不要再强调科学太难了这一观点。故选C。
55.D 只要大家愿意学习科学,就可以学好科学。故选D。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。据《南华早报》报道,中国计划在2035年之前启动超级高铁。如果该项目按计划进行,新列车将成为世界上最快的地面交通工具。
56.as 考查介词。固定搭配be known as意为“被称为”,故填as。
57.planned 考查状语从句的省略。分析句子可知,as引导的状语从句省略了主语和be动词,补充完整为“as it (the project) is planned”。故填planned。
58.have announced 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知,设空处为谓语,由时间状语In the past few days可知,设空处应用现在完成时;主语officers为名词复数,谓语应用复数形式。故填have announced。
59.length 考查名词。设空处前面为形容词性物主代词Its,所以设空处应用名词。故填length。
60.which 考查定语从句。分析句子可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句且在从句中作主语,修饰前面整个主句,所以用关系代词which引导定语从句。
61.allowing 考查动词-ing形式。分析句子可知,设空处为非谓语动词作状语,提示词allow与其逻辑主语The project之间为主动关系,所以应用动词-ing形式。故填allowing。
62.a 考查冠词。level在此处为可数名词,这里表示泛指,应用不定冠词,且high-security的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
63.further 考查副词的比较级。分析句子可知,设空处作状语修饰谓语动词advance,表示“更远地,进一步”,应用副词far的比较级further。
64.its 考查形容词性物主代词。设空处修饰其后的名词短语first test runs,所以应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
65.is expected 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知,设空处为谓语,结合上文时态和此处语境可知应用一般现在时;主语It和提示词expect之间为被动关系,所以应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is expected。
第四部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Peter,
I'm happy to hear from you. Here I'd like to share with you what I experienced during the week-long National Day holiday.
Firstly, wherever and whenever we went, we could use the mobile payment, including buying admission tickets. More interestingly, we no longer had to get into tourist attractions with the ID card. We could do it through facial recognition, which really saved time so that we didn't have to wait in a queue.
I do hope you can come to China and experience all of this when you have spare time. Looking forward to your arrival!
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
One possible version:
I shook my head and told him everything that had happened. “Thanks for telling me,” said Dad when I finished the story. Then I added, “I also need to talk to Mrs.Yang.” Dad stood on the sidewalk holding Chewy while I walked towards Mrs. Yang's front door. My hands shook as I knocked. To my surprise, Mrs. Yang answered with a smile. I apologized to her for running away and not helping pick up her things. “I was frightened,” I said, “and I was so absorbed in trying to finish my movie that I made some bad decisions. I'm so sorry.”
“Apology accepted,” said Mrs.Yang. “Did you say you're making a movie About Chewy ” she asked. I nodded. “Well, I'd love to see it when it's finished,” said Mrs. Yang. Then she told me that her son owned a coffee shop nearby, where he had a screen and projector. She would ask him if we could have a viewing party there. “That would be incredible,”I said. “Maybe Chewy could come and see himself on the big screen,” Mrs. Yang said with a smile.
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
2025人教版高中英语选择性必修第二册
单元达标检测
UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
全卷满分150分 考试用时120分钟
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What will the weather be like tomorrow
A.Rainy. B.Sunny. C.Windy.
2.How does the woman probably feel
A.Patient. B.Sorry. C.Annoyed.
3.What is the man buying
A.A chair. B.A ladder. C.A bookcase.
4.What are the speakers mainly talking about
A.Where to apply for jobs.
B.How to deal with stress.
C.When to go shopping.
5.Why was the woman's credit card canceled
A.She had a poor income. B.She got into heavy debt.
C.She made late payments.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.What is the woman
A.A customer. B.A salesperson. C.A store manager.
7.What does the man suggest the woman do
A.Make a complaint. B.Let go of her anger.
C.Call the police.
听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
8.What does the woman ask the man to do
A.Fix a time. B.Drop her off on the way.
C.Take her dress to the cleaner's.
9.What day is it today
A.Friday. B.Saturday. C.Sunday.
10.What will the speakers do on Sunday
A.Buy tickets.
B.Watch the football game.
C.Attend the wedding ceremony.
听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
11.Why does the woman choose to stay in the UK
A.It provides opportunities.
B.Her parents want her to stay.
C.She doesn't like her home country.
12.What will the woman do next
A.Go to a research center.
B.Study in the office.
C.Ask for advice.
13.What are the speakers talking about
A.Their parents. B.A career plan. C.Working experience.
听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。
14.What is this competition about
A.Saving energy at home.
B.Reducing noise pollution.
C.Using technology creatively.
15.What is the stone used for
A.Starting the machine.
B.Increasing air pressure.
C.Producing carbon dioxide.
16.What is the liquid coming from carbon dioxide in the dishwasher designed to do
A.Clean the dishes. B.Start the machine.
C.Give pressure to the stone.
17.Why does the woman come to the man
A.To discuss the way of writing a paper.
B.To find the right material for a model.
C.To study the approach to detailed drawings.
听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。
18.When did Manfred Steiner gain his medical degree
A.In 1951. B.In 1955. C.In 2000.
19.What did Steiner's professor think of him
A.Determined. B.Generous. C.Stubborn.
20.What is Steiner's plan for his future
A.To publish his story.
B.To offer advice on success.
C.To help the professors in Brown.
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Smart Kids Festival Events
“Smart Kids” is a collection of one hundred events scheduled in October. This year, it is experimenting with Pay What You Decide (PWYD). That is, you can decide to pay for what you want or can afford, after you have attended an event.You can pre-book events without paying for a ticket in advance. Here are some of the director's picks.
Walk on the Wild Side
Not ticketed, Free
Join storyteller Sarah Law to hear science stories about animals.Along the way you'll meet all sorts of beautiful creatures and discover life cycles and food chains.It's best suited to children aged 5-9.Children under 8 must be accompanied by an adult.
Introduction to Waves
Pre-book, PWYD
Subjects range from sound waves to gravity waves, and from waves of light to crashing waves on the ocean. Mike Goldsmith explores the fundamental features shared by all waves in the natural world.
Science in the Field
Not ticketed, Free
This storytelling night features a scientist sharing his favourite memories of gathering first-hand data on various field e along for inspiring and informative stories straight from the scientist's mouth. Join Mark Samuels to find out more in this fun-filled workshop.
Festival Dinner
Pre-book,￡25 per person
Whether you want to explore more about food, or just fancy a talk over a meal, join us to mark the first science festival in London. Which food should you eat to trick your brain into thinking that you are full Find out more from Tom Crawford.
21.In which event can you decide the payment
A.Festival Dinner. B.Walk on the Wild Side.
C.Science in the Field. D.Introduction to Waves.
22.Who will talk about experiences of collecting direct data
A.Sarah Law. B.Mike Goldsmith.
C.Mark Samuels. D.Tom Crawford.
23.What do the four events have in common
A.They are all family-based.
B.They are all science-themed.
C.They are all picked by children.
D.They are all filled with adventures.
B
Ada Lovelace was born on December 10th 1815. Ada's mother and father (the famous poet Lord George Gordon Byron) parted just weeks after she was born. Her mother feared her to grow up with her father's changeable nature. To stop this from happening, Ada was forced by her mother to learn science and mathematics, which was unusual for women at the time. She was also punished if her work was not up to standard. However, she was greatly interested in mathematics and science and would perhaps have learned about them on her own.
Ada was partially disabled and as a result spent much time studying. Ada knew of her mother's thought about keeping the creative side of her from germinating(萌芽). However, as Ada herself is known to have said, “If you can't give me poetry, can't you give me poetical science ” Ada got married at 19, to William King who was made the Earl of Lovelace in 1838, at which point she became Lady Ada King, the Countess of Lovelace, but was known as Ada Lovelace. Ada and King had a relatively happy marriage, with King even encouraging his wife's love of numbers.
During her youth, Ada was introduced to the Scot, Mary Somerville, who was known as the “Queen of 19th Century Science” and was the first woman to be accepted into the Royal Astronomical Society. It was through Mary Somerville that Ada first heard of Charles Babbage's idea for a new calculating(计算) engine. Attracted by this idea, Ada began a period of letter-writing with him that would come to decide her professional life.
Ada met Babbage when she was around 17 and the two became close friends. Babbage was working on an “Analytical Engine”, something he was designing to deal with complex calculations. Ada was later asked to translate an article. She not only translated the article but added pages and pages of notes, calculations and innovations(新事物). Her notes were published in 1843 and it turned out that what she had written was so original. It is now seen as the first comprehensive comment on what would become modern-day computer programming. Although impressive, Ada was not actually given credit for the article until 1848.
24.What happened to Ada in her childhood
A.She was pushed to learn scientific knowledge.
B.She had to compare herself with other women.
C.She gave up learning because of her father.
D.She was greatly cared for by her father.
25.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean
A.Ada thought poetry was boring.
B.Ada believed poetry was harder than science.
C.Ada thought science was creative.
D.Ada was interested in both science and poetry.
26.What decided Ada's professional life
A.The support of the Royal Astronomical Society.
B.Her communication with Babbage.
C.Her husband's encouragement.
D.Somerville's suggestions.
27.What did Ada do after she met Babbage
A.She taught people how to program.
B.She invented an “Analytical Engine”.
C.She praised Babbage's achievements.
D.She translated an article and developed it.
C
Booking your next vacation to space could soon be a reality. Orbital Assembly Corporation announced two new station concepts designed with space tourism accommodations. One of the stations, called Pioneer, could orbit Earth as early as 2025.
The Gateway Foundation circulated ideas for a space hotel in 2019. The goal of the stations is to run a space business park that can serve as a home away from home with room for offices and tourists. Orbital Assembly was founded by the Gateway Foundation team as a way to help make these dreams come true.
The proposed Pioneer Station can accommodate 28 people. The second station, Voyager, scheduled to open in 2027, can hold up to 400 people. “The goal has always been to make it possible for large numbers of people to live, work and thrive in space,” says Orbital Assembly's COO Tim Alatorre.
Both stations look like a wheel and will feature artificial gravity that allows guests to move comfortably on each station. Pioneer features five modules built around the rotating “Gravity Ring” architecture design. Tourists may still feel some weightlessness but will also be able to drink out of a cup and won't have to be tied to a bed to sleep. “The gravity works like how a spinning bucket pushes the water out to the sides of the bucket and stays in place,” Alatorre explains. Near the middle of the station, there will be no artificial gravity, but gravity gradually increases further away from the center.
While the Pioneer Station will be smaller than Voyager, guests can still shower, eat and drink sitting down in areas with gravity. Each station is furnished like luxury hotels on Earth. Voyager will feature a restaurant and suites with views of Earth.
A significant barrier to space travel is the cost. However, Orbital Assembly expects tourists to seek a trek into space as space travel eventually becomes less expensive. “We envision our Pioneer and Voyager space stations as the ultimate ecotourism destinations. Once people get to space, it will change their perspective on Earth,” Alatorre says. “Space travel is still at its early stage, and we're excited to do our part to push it forward to help improve life on Earth.”
28.What is the goal of the Pioneer and Voyager space stations
A.To revolutionize space travel.
B.To serve as luxury hotels in space.
C.To offer a unique and immersive experience.
D.To enable the large scale of living and working in space.
29.What do the Pioneer and Voyager space stations have in common
A.Artificial gravity. B.Suites with views.
C.Opening time. D.Passenger capacity.
30.What can we learn from paragraph 4
A.The “Gravity Ring” rotates around the station.
B.The gravity is weak in the central point of the station.
C.The gravity operates like a spinning bucket keeping water inside.
D.The “Gravity Ring” on Pioneer is the same as that on Voyager.
31.What can be a suitable title for the text
A.No Gravity Travel: Pioneer and Voyager Stations
B.Space Hotels for Humans: Pioneer and Voyager Stations
C.Overcoming the Barrier: Pioneer and Voyager Stations
D.Luxury Travel Destinations: Pioneer and Voyager Stations
D
Outer space is getting spicier(更辛辣的), thanks to a new NASA plan to add a little more flavor to astronauts' diets.
Astronauts aboard the International Space Station (ISS) are growing red and green chili peppers(辣椒)for the very first time. A team of researchers at the Kennedy Space Center planted 48 seeds in a device called a science carrier, which has clay for roots to grow in and a specially formulated controlled-release fertilizer. The device is fitted into the Advanced Plant Habitat(APH), one of three plant growth rooms aboard.
“The APH is the largest plant growth facility on the space station and has 180 sensors and controls for monitoring plant growth and the environment,” said project manager Nicole Dufour. “It is a diverse growth room, and it allows us to help control the experiment from Kennedy, reducing the time astronauts spend tending to the crops.”
The peppers will spend about four months growing before they can be harvested and eaten, marking the first time astronauts have planted peppers on the station from seeds to maturity.
“It is one of the most complex plant experiments on the station to date because of the long germination and growing time,” said Matt Romeyn. “We have previously tested flowering to increase the chance of a successful harvest because astronauts will have to pollinate(给……授粉) the peppers to bear fruit.” Researchers will monitor the growth of the peppers and compare them with a control group on Earth.
“The challenge is the ability to feed crews in low-Earth orbit, and then to sustain explorers during future missions beyond low-Earth orbit to destinations including the Moon and eventually to Mars,” Romeyn said. “We are limited to crops that don't need storage, or extensive processing.”
“This is important because the food astronauts eat needs to be as good as the rest of the equipment. To successfully send people to Mars and bring them back to Earth, we will not only require the most nutritious foods, but the best-tasting ones as well,” said team leader LaShelle Spencer.
32.How does the first sentence sound
A.Magical. B.Humorous.
C.Romantic. D.Scientific.
33.Which of the following statements about the crops in the APH is true according to Nicole
A.They are monitored by phones.
B.They don't need fertilizer to grow well.
C.They mainly grow in a water tank.
D.They can be looked after by people on Earth.
34.How will astronauts help grow peppers
A.By getting the peppers pollinated.
B.By recording the peppers' growth.
C.By watering the peppers on time.
D.By keeping the growing room warm.
35.Why do astronauts try growing crops on the ISS
A.To solve the food problem on Earth.
B.To prepare plants' growth in other planets.
C.To enrich astronauts' diets on further destinations.
D.To cultivate crops with no extensive processing.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to become a scientist
Be curious. Scientists choose to become scientists because they are curious about the world around them and how the things in it work. This curiosity leads them to investigate the things behind what they see.
36 Becoming a scientist takes a long time. There are very few careers that take longer than this one. Even when you're done with your education, you still have to get research under your belt. If you're an instant-gratification(即时满足的) type of person, this may not be the right career for you.
Be diligent and persevere. It's been said that jobs in science are the lowest paid in the US. What this is getting at is that because of the long path to success, for a while you won't be living lavishly(奢侈地). 37
Have the need to always keep learning. 38 Whether it's reading peer-reviewed journals, attending seminars, or working toward getting your work published, you'll always be learning. 39 In those years of waiting for results, you need to constantly be looking for the smallest changes in what you expect to see. Your eyes need to be focused and ready at all times.
Think differently. Think back to Newton's apple falling on his head or Archimedes' jumping into his tub and displacing water. Most people would think nothing of these events, but these men saw something else, something no one else was seeing at the time. 40
A.Observation skills are also necessary.
B.Be patient with climbing the career ladder.
C.Things are going to be tough for a while.
D.Then you're probably made of the right stuff.
E.As the saying goes, “Where there is a will, there is a way.”
F.Actually what every scientist does is seek out knowledge.
G.To make progress in human knowledge, you have to think differently.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Careers in science are generally believed to be too complex for students who aren't talented or clever enough, but Scott Kelly, commander of the International Space Station, would prove it's wrong.
As a kid, he was absent-minded and 41 in science and all other subjects as well. He couldn't 42 what the teachers said in class. Therefore, he earned terrible grades and 43 graduated from high school, and he even thought he would never 44 his dreams.
That all 45 when he picked up the film The Right Stuff, Tom Wolfe's classic account of the pioneering Americans who first explored space. 46 , he was determined to be an astronaut, which meant doing well in 47 class. So from that day on, he 48 his mind to do well in it.
After so many years of daydreaming, it wouldn't be 49 . But he started regarding study as a game. The more he 50 his study skills, the better grades he got. Eventually, it became a(n) 51 with himself to see how good he could get. Then the former 52 started getting straight A's in science, which is 53 for those who want to be an astronaut.
So we need to stop 54 the idea that science is just too hard. Everyone can learn this stuff—he just needs to be 55 to do the work.
41.A.uninterested B.absorbed
C.engaged D.experienced
42.A.hold on B.bank on C.look into D.focus on
43.A.easily B.nearly
C.barely D.successfully
44.A.abandon B.acknowledge
C.end D.achieve
45.A.finished B.suspended C.occurred D.changed
46.A.Inspired B.Depressed C.Satisfied D.Shocked
47.A.science B.architecture C.geography D.chemistry
48.A.put up B.made up
C.passed up D.weighed up
49.A.alternative B.difficult
C.easy D.decent
50.A.rejected B.practiced C.arranged D.exchanged
51.A.principle B.agreement C.competition D.guidance
52.A.astronaut B.daydreamer C.scientist D.pioneer
53.A.essential B.superior C.convenient D.worthy
54.A.correcting B.abandoning
C.emphasising D.dismissing
55.A.ashamed B.available C.afraid D.willing
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
According to a report by South China Morning Post, China is planning to launch a hyperloop(超级高铁), also known 56 a super-high speed pipeline maglev system by 2035. If the project goes as 57 (plan), the new train will be the world's fastest ground-based transport.
In the past few days, the Chinese government officers 58 (announce) the approval of the country's first hyperloop line. Its 59 (long) will be 150 kilometers, and it will pass between Shanghai and Hangzhou. The distance between the two cities can be covered in about three hours by car or an hour by high-speed train. But the hyperloop can reach the speed of 1000 km/h, 60 means the route can be completed in just 15 minutes.
The project will make China one of the pioneers in hyperloop technology, 61 (allow) faster travel between several major cities. The hyperloop provides 62 high-security level with low energy consumption. The technology will 63 (far) advance China's position as a leader in transport.
A super-fast hyperloop train in China has completed 64 (it) first test runs. These consisted of three test runs at a superconducting maglev test line in Datong, Shanxi Province. However, the current tube available for trials measures only 2 km long. It 65 (expect) to be extended to 60 km in the near future.
56. 57. 58. 59. 60.
61. 62. 63. 64. 65.
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华,你的英国笔友Peter听说,在中国,现在人工智能已经进入人们的日常生活,其中包括旅游业。他来信询问你国庆假期是否有这方面的体验,请用英文给他回信,内容包括:
1.购买门票可直接手机支付;
2.面部识别入景区;
3.邀请他来体验。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
参考词汇:面部识别facial recognition
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Cut, cut, cut!” I shouted. But that didn't stop Chewy from chasing after the squirrels(追逐松鼠) that had caught his eye halfway through the shot.
“You're supposed to be running after the thief, not squirrels!” I said.
But Chewy didn't care. He had already moved on to chewing his leash(皮带). What kind of Hollywood dog wears a leash It was Dad's rule, though. Because Chewy was only a little dog, I had to keep him on the leash whenever we filmed outside. As long as I followed that rule, I could use Dad's old cellphone to shoot my movie.
“Let's try this again,” I said.
This time, Chewy ran the entire length of the backyard. With the leash on, though, he didn't exactly appear to be in any real hurry to catch anyone. The only way to make this look real would be to take off the leash. But that would mean breaking the promise I made to Dad.
On the other hand, if I moved quickly and was careful with my camera angles, would Dad ever know about it
After taking off the leash, I put Chewy down, ready to record. But before I could shout “Action!”, Chewy ran across the yard and down the driveway and jumped in circles around Mrs. Yang, our next-door neighbor.
“You must smell the dog biscuits I just bought for you,” she said to him. That's when Chewy noticed her bag. As if it were one of his toys, he grabbed it with his mouth and pulled. Mrs. Yang's things dropped on the sidewalk.
I wanted to apologize and help Mrs. Yang pick up her things. But then I remembered something. If Dad found out that I had taken Chewy's leash off, I wouldn't be able to use his cellphone any more. In a panic, I took Chewy and ran inside the house.
When Dad arrived home that evening, I handed him his cellphone. “Did you finish shooting your movie already ” he asked.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
I shook my head and told him everything that had happened.
“Apology accepted,” said Mrs. Yang.
答案全解全析
1.B 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.B 8.C
9.A 10.C 11.A 12.C 13.B 14.C 15.A 16.A
17.B 18.B 19.A 20.C 21.D 22.C 23.B 24.A
25.C 26.B 27.D 28.D 29.A 30.C 31.B 32.B
33.D 34.A 35.C 36.B 37.C 38.F 39.A 40.G
41.A 42.D 43.C 44.D 45.D 46.A 47.A 48.B
49.C 50.B 51.C 52.B 53.A 54.C 55.D
56.as 57.planned 58.have announced 59.length 60.which 61.allowing 62.a 63.further 64.its 65.is expected
第二部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四项以科学为主题的活动以及各项活动的内容和特色。
21.D 细节理解题。 根据第一段中的“it is experimenting with...(PWYD)...can afford”可知,PWYD指你可以决定为你想要的或能买得起的东西付钱,而四项活动的介绍中只有Introduction to Waves有PWYD。故选D。
22.C 细节理解题。根据Science in the Field部分中的“a scientist...gathering first-hand data on...”和“Join Mark Samuels to find out...”可知,Mark Samuels会谈论收集一手数据的经历。故选C。
23.B 推理判断题。根据Walk on the Wild Side部分中的“hear science stories”、Introduction to Waves部分中的“Subjects range from...to crashing waves on the ocean.”、Science in the Field部分中的“a scientist sharing...first-hand data”和Festival Dinner部分中的“mark the first science festival”可知,四项活动的共同点是它们都以科学为主题。故选B。
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,主要叙述了Ada Lovelace的事迹,展现了她对数学和科学知识的热爱。
24.A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“...Ada was forced by her mother to learn science and mathematics, which was unusual for women at the time. She was also punished if her work was not up to standard.”可知,Ada小时候,她的母亲强迫她学习科学知识。故选A。
25.C 句意猜测题。根据第一段的内容和第二段中的“keeping the creative side of her from germinating”可知,母亲不愿Ada继承父亲多变的特质,所以强迫她学习科学知识,让她的创造力无法萌发,但Ada对数学和科学很感兴趣。画线句将poetry和science进行比较,说明她认为科学如诗歌般具有创造性。故选C。
26.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Attracted by this idea, Ada began a period of letter-writing with him that would come to decide her professional life.”可知,Ada与Charles Babbage针对科学知识展开的交流决定了她以后的职业生涯。故选B。
27.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“She not only translated the article but added pages and pages of notes, calculations and innovations.”可知,她翻译了一篇文章并添加了很多注释。故选D。
C
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了先锋站和旅行者站两个空间站的建设和运行情况,未来人们有望去太空度假。
28.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The goal of the stations is to run a space business park that can serve as a home away from home with room for offices and tourists.”和第三段中的“The goal has always been to make it possible for large numbers of people to live, work and thrive in space”可知,这两个空间站的目标是使在太空中的大规模生活和工作成为可能。故选D。
29.A 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Both stations look like a wheel and will feature artificial gravity that allows guests to move comfortably on each station.”可知,这两个空间站的共同之处在于都采用了人工重力。故选A。
30.C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The gravity works like how a spinning bucket pushes the water out to the sides of the bucket and stays in place”可知,重力的动作方式类似于旋转桶,桶旋转时将其中的水推向桶的四周并保持在原地。故选C。
31.B 主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是根据第一段中的“One of the stations, called Pioneer, could orbit Earth as early as 2025.”和第三段中的“The second station, Voyager, scheduled to open in 2027, can hold up to 400 people.”可知,文章主要介绍了两个可以为太空游客提供食宿的空间站——先锋站和旅行者站的建设和运行情况。因此,B项“Space Hotels for Humans: Pioneer and Voyager Stations”符合文章主旨。故选B。
D
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了国际空间站上的宇航员首次种植了辣椒。
32.B 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知,美国国家航空航天局计划为宇航员的饮食增加更多的味道,宇航员因此在国际空间站上种植了辣椒,而文章首句的“外太空正变得更加辛辣”是对此事的一个幽默诙谐的说法。故选B。
33.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“it allows us to help control the experiment from Kennedy”可知,在APH中生长的作物可以由地球上的人照看。故选D。
34.A 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“astronauts will have to pollinate the peppers to bear fruit”可知,宇航员通过给辣椒授粉来帮助种植辣椒。故选A。
35.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“To successfully send people to Mars and bring them back to Earth, we will not only require the most nutritious foods, but the best-tasting ones as well”可推测,宇航员在国际空间站上试验种植作物是为了在更远的目的地享用有营养且味道最好的食物。故选C。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要从几个方面介绍了如何成为一名科学家,包括有好奇心、有耐心、勤奋且持之以恒、不断学习和从不同角度思考。
36.B 根据后句“Becoming a scientist takes a long time.”可知,成为科学家需要很长时间,所以B项“Be patient with climbing the career ladder.”符合语境。故选B。
37.C 根据前句“What this is getting at is that because of the long path to success, for a while you won't be living lavishly.”可知,通往成功的道路可能会很艰难,所以C项“Things are going to be tough for a while.”符合语境。故选C。
38.F 根据前句“Have the need to always keep learning.”和后句“Whether it's reading peer-reviewed journals, attending seminars, or working toward getting your work published, you'll always be learning.”可知,科学家不断地在学习,也就是在寻求知识,所以F项“Actually what every scientist does is seek out knowledge.”符合上下文语境。故选F。
39.A 根据后文“Your eyes need to be focused and ready at all times.”可知,成为科学家需要有观察能力,所以A项“Observation skills are also necessary.”符合语境。故选A。
40.G 根据本段主旨句“Think differently.”可知,本段主要是介绍成为科学家的条件之一就是从不同角度思考问题,所以G项“To make progress in human knowledge, you have to think differently.”符合语境。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了Scott Kelly从一个成天做白日梦的差等生,到下定决心成为一名宇航员,努力学习科学并实现梦想的故事。
41.A 根据空格前的“absent-minded”可知,他心不在焉,对科学和其他所有科目都不感兴趣。 故选A。
42.D 根据下文的“Therefore, he earned terrible grades”可知,因为课上不能集中注意力听老师讲课,所以他成绩糟糕。故选D。
43.C 根据上文的“Therefore, he earned terrible grades”可知,他成绩差,所以勉强能从高中毕业。故选C。
44.D 根据空后的“his dreams”和上文描述可知,他成绩差,所以他甚至认为自己永远无法实现自己的梦想。 故选D。
45.D 根据下文的“when he picked up the film The Right Stuff”和“he was determined to be an astronaut”可知,这部电影对他影响很大,他想要成为一名宇航员,所以是一切都发生了改变。故选D。
46.A 上句提到《太空英雄》这部电影,下文提到他决心成为一名宇航员,应是受到了电影的启发。故选A。
47.A 要想成为一名宇航员,应该是在科学课上表现出色,下文的“straight A's in science”也是提示。 故选A。
48.B 为了成为一名宇航员,他下定决心学好科学。故选B。
49.C 根据空格前的“After so many years of daydreaming”可知,因为这么多年都在做白日梦,所以实现梦想不易。故选C。
50.B 根据空后的“his study skills, the better grades he got”可知,此处指学习技巧练习得越多,他的成绩就越好。故选B。
51.C 根据空后的“see how good he could get”可知,此处指他开始和自己比赛,看自己能做得多好。故选C。
52.B 此处是说他之前是什么样的,由上文的“so many years of daydreaming”可知他之前是一个经常做白日梦的人。故选B。
53.A 要想成为宇航员,科学成绩全优是必不可少的。故选A。
54.C 根据下文“Everyone can learn this stuff”可知,每个人都可以学习科学,所以不要再强调科学太难了这一观点。故选C。
55.D 只要大家愿意学习科学,就可以学好科学。故选D。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。据《南华早报》报道,中国计划在2035年之前启动超级高铁。如果该项目按计划进行,新列车将成为世界上最快的地面交通工具。
56.as 考查介词。固定搭配be known as意为“被称为”,故填as。
57.planned 考查状语从句的省略。分析句子可知,as引导的状语从句省略了主语和be动词,补充完整为“as it (the project) is planned”。故填planned。
58.have announced 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知,设空处为谓语,由时间状语In the past few days可知,设空处应用现在完成时;主语officers为名词复数,谓语应用复数形式。故填have announced。
59.length 考查名词。设空处前面为形容词性物主代词Its,所以设空处应用名词。故填length。
60.which 考查定语从句。分析句子可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句且在从句中作主语,修饰前面整个主句,所以用关系代词which引导定语从句。
61.allowing 考查动词-ing形式。分析句子可知,设空处为非谓语动词作状语,提示词allow与其逻辑主语The project之间为主动关系,所以应用动词-ing形式。故填allowing。
62.a 考查冠词。level在此处为可数名词,这里表示泛指,应用不定冠词,且high-security的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
63.further 考查副词的比较级。分析句子可知,设空处作状语修饰谓语动词advance,表示“更远地,进一步”,应用副词far的比较级further。
64.its 考查形容词性物主代词。设空处修饰其后的名词短语first test runs,所以应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
65.is expected 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知,设空处为谓语,结合上文时态和此处语境可知应用一般现在时;主语It和提示词expect之间为被动关系,所以应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is expected。
第四部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Peter,
I'm happy to hear from you. Here I'd like to share with you what I experienced during the week-long National Day holiday.
Firstly, wherever and whenever we went, we could use the mobile payment, including buying admission tickets. More interestingly, we no longer had to get into tourist attractions with the ID card. We could do it through facial recognition, which really saved time so that we didn't have to wait in a queue.
I do hope you can come to China and experience all of this when you have spare time. Looking forward to your arrival!
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
One possible version:
I shook my head and told him everything that had happened. “Thanks for telling me,” said Dad when I finished the story. Then I added, “I also need to talk to Mrs.Yang.” Dad stood on the sidewalk holding Chewy while I walked towards Mrs. Yang's front door. My hands shook as I knocked. To my surprise, Mrs. Yang answered with a smile. I apologized to her for running away and not helping pick up her things. “I was frightened,” I said, “and I was so absorbed in trying to finish my movie that I made some bad decisions. I'm so sorry.”
“Apology accepted,” said Mrs.Yang. “Did you say you're making a movie About Chewy ” she asked. I nodded. “Well, I'd love to see it when it's finished,” said Mrs. Yang. Then she told me that her son owned a coffee shop nearby, where he had a screen and projector. She would ask him if we could have a viewing party there. “That would be incredible,”I said. “Maybe Chewy could come and see himself on the big screen,” Mrs. Yang said with a smile.
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