2025人教版高中英语选择性必修第二册同步练习题--UNIT 3 Part 1 Reading and Thinking（含答案与解析）
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2025人教版高中英语选择性必修第二册
UNIT 3 FOOD AND CULTURE
Part 1 Reading and Thinking
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.What impressed us most is her (杰出的) performance.
2.Her dress at the party is so (精美的) that many people think its style will be popular with young women.
3.His best friend said that at a (最少量), he should spare half an hour to engage in after-school activities each day.
4.He bought a best-selling r book from the bookshop, determined to be an outstanding (厨师) when he grew up.
5.(2024浙江金华联考)It is said that the largest sheepskin raft in old times c of more than 600 sheepskin airbags.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.(2021新高考Ⅰ)Jenna found the bread and put two (slice) into the egg mixture.
2.The (prior) is to help our kids develop the competence of telling right from wrong.
3.As far as I'm concerned, the greatest wealth consists the health instead of a large quantity of money.
4.(2022北京)Tom, a 15-year-old inventor and entrepreneur(创业者), witnessed at his own school the widespread (consume) of sugary drinks by kids.
5.Jiaozi, or dumplings, is a kind of food which (stuff) with filling(馅) inside a flour wrapper(面皮).
Ⅲ.选词填空
consist of; prior to; dim sum
Some people say, “No matter where you come from, you will fall in love with Chinese food.” 1. coming to China, I knew there was a large amount of tasty food in China. Thanks to my Chinese friends, I enjoy many Chinese cuisines after coming to China, and know that the Chinese cuisines 2. eight great cuisines. What impresses me most is the elegant 3. in e and experience Chinese cuisines.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.我既紧张又焦虑,不知道在这种场合下如何处理这个问题。(形容词短语作状语;疑问词+to do)
, I don't know on this occasion.(读后续写—心理描写)
2.这道美味的菜肴由许多特殊的食材组成,包括一些稀有的蘑菇。(一句多译)
①The delicious cuisine many special ingredients, including some rare mushrooms.
②The delicious cuisine many special ingredients, including some rare mushrooms.
③The delicious cuisine many special ingredients, including some rare mushrooms.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Before coming to China, I only experienced Chinese food that 1 (change) to suit American tastes.
Later, I was lucky to experience real Chinese food by 2 (come) to China. A Sichuan restaurant had been recommended to me and my family by a friend,so we went there. We were 3 (tire) and hungry when we got there. We didn't know a word of Chinese. We didn't know how to order, 4 the chef just started filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten. With this, we had a chance to experience an 5 (entire) new taste: Sichuan peppercorns. The food was various, but 6 was more important was the friendship 7 (offer) to us. In northern Xinjiang, people cook their traditional foods over 8 open fire.
In China, we experienced wonderful local 9 (dish), including Guangdong's elegant dim sum and Henan's exceptional stewed noodles. We knew that through food, Chinese people everywhere show their friendship and 10 (kind).
2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
9. 10.
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2024陕西西安期中联考)
In China, hot pot has a history of about 1,000 years. It first 1 (appear) in the Mongolian area and then became popular in the southern part of China during 2 Tang Dynasty. And now it is still a popular dish for Chinese people.
Chinese hot pot has different flavours, 3 are determined by different weather conditions. The most famous type is known 4 Chongqing hot pot or Sichuan hot pot. Its flavour follows Sichuan cuisine, containing many seasonings(佐料). However, it is not the same as common Sichuan dishes. It is featured by the herbs and spices 5 (use) in the soup base.
In northeastern China, Mongolian hot pot is popular. In northern China, Beijing mutton hot pot is well-known. In southern China, people are more likely 6 (have) seafood hot pot 7 Hong Kong beef hot pot. Besides, new kinds of hot pot have become popular across China, including “sanxian pot” in Hangzhou. Now, dry pot 8 (consider) as a new type of hot pot in China. For dry pot, no soup base is added at the very 9 (begin) but it can be added after the meat ingredients are eaten up. 10 (general) speaking, vegetables, chicken and fish are excellent ingredients for dry pot.
2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
9. 10.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
(2023河南洛阳月考)
A new study found that a large quantity of tested baby foods contained heavy metals, which can harm a child's brain development. In the study, conducted by a research firm Associates, the tests were performed on 168 different containers of baby foods from 61 US baby food brands. Researchers found heavy metals in 95 percent of the tested baby foods.
As the report points out, they can harm a baby's developing brain and nervous system and are linked to IQ loss from exposure early in life. The majority of the baby foods tested contained three different heavy metals, with 26 percent of the baby foods containing all four heavy metals. Only nine baby foods (5 percent) were free of heavy metals. Lead(铅) was the most common heavy metal, found in 94 percent of the baby foods, followed by cadmium (镉), which was in 75 percent of the baby foods. That was followed by arsenic(砷)(73 percent of the baby foods) and mercury(汞)(32 percent).
“We were surprised that so many of the baby foods had more than one heavy metal,” said Charlotte Brody, a registered nurse and the national director of Healthy Babies Bright Futures. “The fundamental impact is additives, with a little bit of lead, a little bit of arsenic and a little bit of cadmium added up. Baby rice and rice-based baby snacks are the worst products. These popular baby foods are nearly polluted by all four poisonous metals,” according to the report.
1.What problem did the study find
A.The heavy metals in baby foods.
B.The brain development of children.
C.The influence on children's IQ.
D.The damage to babies from baby foods.
2.What's the least common heavy metal in the baby foods from the report
A.Arsenic. B.Mercury. C.Cadmium. D.Lead.
3.What can we know about rice-based baby snacks from the last paragraph
A.They may be highly addictive.
B.They're relatively safe.
C.They're the most seriously polluted.
D.They only contain one heavy metal.
4.From which is the text probably taken
A.A biology textbook. B.A research paper.
C.A travel brochure. D.A health magazine.
B
(2024广东深圳外国语学校月考)
No doubt one of China's greatest resources is its diverse cuisine. One of the most popular foods to be found is no doubt the street snacks that make up a large part of everyday life. “Compared with A Bite of China, which showcases chefs' cooking processes and demonstrates delicious cuisine on air, The Story of Chuaner is more down-to-earth in depicting the people,” a viewer commented.
The new documentary series, called The Story of Chuaner, tells the story of this popular food option that sizzles(咝咝作响) over hot coals on just about every street corner in cities and towns across the country. Barbecued meat shining over hot coal containers, while not as elegant as some of the fine dining options in China, is an essential part of people's night life. “The pleasant smell and atmosphere surrounding the grilled(烤的) street food is something that could entice a girl to fly downstairs at night wearing her pajamas(睡衣),” the documentary claims.
In many Chinese eyes, the barbecue, regarded as the most ordinary and common night street snack, is different from homemade food by mothers as that is a symbol of kinship(亲切感). The barbecue is where you become connected with people in society. And unlike official business lunches, during which people are rather reserved and polite, the barbecue lets people cut loose and relax with old friends and newly made friends, leaving a lasting impression of friendship.
On the other side of the world, in the United States, the BBQ, well received by all ages, demonstrates the even more enthusiastic personality of Americans, who grill large steaks on their outdoor stoves at home and enjoy competing to see who has the better cooking skills. It's safe to say that the world, as a whole, holds deep-rooted good feelings toward the barbecue, either for the taste or the warmth generated by fire.
5.What is probably A Bite of China
A.A commercial programme. B.A popular documentary.
C.A soap opera of chefs. D.A cuisine radio programme.
6.What does the underlined word “entice” in paragraph 2 mean
A.Inform. B.Force. C.Attract. D.Remind.
7.What makes the barbecue distinguished from other foods in the Chinese view
A.Good quality. B.Close bonds between friends.
C.Beautiful cooking style. D.Polite atmosphere.
8.Why does the author mention the BBQ in the United States in the last paragraph
A.To indicate the popularity of the BBQ.
B.To present special American culture.
C.To show friendship between countries.
D.To make a comparison with the Chinese BBQ.
答案与分层梯度式解析
UNIT 3 FOOD AND CULTURE
Part 1 Reading and Thinking
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.exceptional 2.elegant 3.minimum 4.recipe; chef 5.consisted
Ⅱ.1.slices 考查名词复数。设空处前有数量词two,slice为可数名词,所以设空处用名词复数,故填slices。
2.priority 考查名词。句意:最重要的是帮助我们的孩子培养辨别是非的能力。设空处作主语,由空前的The可知应用名词,且由系动词is可知应用单数。故填priority。
3.in 考查固定搭配。句意:在我看来,最大的财富在于健康而非大量金钱。consist in意为“在于”,为固定搭配。故填in。
4.consumption 考查名词。句意:汤姆是一名15岁的发明家和创业者,他在自己的学校目睹了孩子们对含糖饮料的广泛消费。设空处作动词witnessed的宾语,且由空前的the和空后的of可知设空处应用名词。故填consumption。
5.is stuffed 考查动词的时态和语态。句意:饺子是一种以面为皮的充馅食物。分析句子结构可知,空前的which引导定语从句且在从句中作主语,指代先行词a kind of food,所以设空处为从句的谓语;提示词stuff与先行词a kind of food之间为被动关系,所以应用被动语态;根据语境可知这里在说明一般性的情况,应用一般现在时。故填is stuffed。
Ⅲ.1.Prior to 2.consist of 3.dim sum
Ⅳ.1.Nervous and anxious; how to solve the problem
2.①consists of ②is composed of ③is made up of
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.had been changed 考查动词的时态和语态。设空处前面的that引导定语从句,修饰先行词Chinese food,设空处在从句中作谓语,Chinese food与change之间为被动关系,所以应用被动语态;根据语境和主句的时态可知此处的动作发生在“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时。故填had been changed。
2.coming 考查动词-ing形式。设空处作介词by的宾语,应用动词-ing形式。故填coming。
3.tired 考查形容词。设空处作表语,与and后面的形容词hungry并列,且主语We指人,应用-ed形式的形容词。故填tired。
4.so 考查并列连词。设空处前后是两个完整的句子,根据语境可知设空处前后在意思上为因果关系,应用表示因果关系的并列连词,且后文是前文的结果。故填so。
5.entirely 考查副词。设空处修饰其后的形容词new,应用副词。故填entirely。
6.what 考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知,“ 6 was more important”作主语,所以设空处引导主语从句,且在该从句中作主语,表示“更重要的事物”。故填what。
7.offered 考查动词-ed形式。设空处作定语修饰前面的名词friendship,两者之间为被动关系,所以应用过去分词作后置定语。故填offered。
8.an 考查冠词。此处指人们在明火上烹饪他们的传统食物,表示泛指,应用不定冠词,且open以元音音素开头。故填an。
9.dishes 考查名词复数。由设空处后面的“including Guangdong's elegant dim sum and Henan's exceptional stewed noodles”可知此处表示复数含义。故填dishes。
10.kindness 考查名词。分析句子成分可知,设空处与and前面的friendship并列,所以也应用名词。故填kindness。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国火锅的起源和发展。
1.appeared 考查动词的时态。句意:它首先出现在蒙古地区,然后在唐朝时期在中国南部流行起来。分析句子成分可知,设空处和became是由and连接的并列的谓语动词,陈述的是过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。故填appeared。
2.the 考查冠词。句意同上题。表示中国朝代的专有名词之前要加定冠词the,the Tang Dynasty唐朝。故填the。
3.which 考查定语从句。句意:中国火锅有不同的口味,这是由不同的天气条件决定的。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,从句缺少主语,先行词为flavours,指物,因此要用关系代词which引导从句。
4.as 考查介词。句意:最著名的火锅被认为是重庆火锅或四川火锅。be known as为固定短语,意为“被认为是”。故填as。
5.used 考查动词-ed形式。句意:它的特点是在汤底使用香草和香料。分析句子成分可知,句中已有谓语且无连词,所以设空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语,修饰名词短语herbs and spices;提示词use和herbs and spices之间为逻辑上的被动关系,所以应用动词-ed形式。故填used。
6.to have 考查动词不定式。句意:在中国南方,人们更可能吃海鲜火锅和香港牛肉火锅。be likely to do sth.意为“有可能做某事”。故填to have。
7.and 考查连词。句意同上题。空前的“seafood hot pot”与空后的“Hong Kong beef hot pot”之间为并列关系,所以应用并列连词and连接。
8.is considered 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:现在,干锅在中国被认为是一种新型的火锅。此处陈述一般性事实,应用一般现在时;dry pot和提示词consider之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;主语dry pot为不可数名词。故填is considered。
9.beginning 考查名词。句意:对于干锅来说,刚开始不加汤底,但可以等吃完肉料后再加。at the very beginning为固定短语,意为“在一开始,最初”。故填beginning。
10.Generally 考查副词。句意:一般来说,蔬菜、鸡肉和鱼都是干锅的绝佳食材。generally speaking意为“一般说来”,设空处位于句首,首字母应该大写。故填Generally。
【高频词汇】 1.determine v.决定 2.contain v.包含
3.feature v.以……为特色 4.consider v.认为;考虑
【熟词生义】 base n.主要配料
长难句
原句 For dry pot, no soup base is added at the very beginning but it can be added after the meat ingredients are eaten up.
分析 本句为并列复合句。but连接前后两个并列分句;在后一分句中,after引导时间状语从句。
译文 对于干锅来说,一开始不加汤底,但可以在吃完肉料后再加。
Ⅲ. A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究发现,大量被检测的婴儿食品中含有重金属,而这些重金属可能会危害婴儿的大脑和神经系统的发育。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“A new study found that a large quantity of tested baby foods contained heavy metals, which can harm a child's brain development.”可知,一项新的研究发现,大量被检测的婴儿食品都含有重金属,这会损害孩子的大脑发育,所以研究发现的是婴儿食品中的重金属问题。故选A。
易错归因
此题容易误选D项“婴儿食品对婴儿的伤害”。学生单纯根据第二段中的“harm a baby's developing brain and nervous system”会认为研究发现的是婴儿食品对婴儿的伤害,而忽略了研究主要说的是婴儿食品中的重金属问题,所以做题时要着眼于文章的主要内容,不要以偏概全,根据其中的个别词句而误选。
2.B 推理判断题。由第二段可得出四种重金属占比情况如下:
Heavy metal重金属 Percent百分比(%)
lead (铅) 94
cadmium (镉) 75
arsenic (砷) 73
mercury (汞) 32
由上表可知,汞是婴儿食品中最少见的重金属。故选B。
3.C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Baby rice and rice-based baby snacks are the worst products. These popular baby foods are nearly polluted by all four poisonous metals”可知,婴儿米类食品和以大米为基础的婴儿零食是最差的产品。这些受欢迎的婴儿食品几乎被全部四种有毒金属污染了,所以它们被污染得最严重。故选C。
4.D 推理判断题。根据文章结构:
由此可知,本文的话题是婴儿食品中的重金属,这与健康有关,所以本文可能选自健康类杂志。故选D。
易错归因
此题容易误选B项“研究论文”,但研究论文要求其内容有很强的科学性,作者在立论上要客观,不得带有任何个人偏见和感彩,而文章第三段中出现的“We were surprised that so many of the baby foods had more than one heavy metal”一般不应该出现在论文中,故不选B项。
【高频词汇】 1.contain v.包含;控制 2.conduct v.组织,实施;表现 n.行为,举止;实施方法 3.point out指出 4.exposure n.暴露;面临,遭受;揭发;胶片 5.poisonous adj.有毒的
【差距词汇】 additive n.添加剂
长难句
原句 As the report points out, they can harm a baby's developing brain and nervous system and are linked to IQ loss from exposure early in life.
分析 本句为主从复合句。As引导非限制性定语从句;第一个and连接两个名词“brain”和“nervous system”,第二个and连接两个谓语“can harm”和“are linked”。
译文 正如报告所指出的,它们(重金属)能破坏婴儿正在发育的大脑和神经系统,并且与小时候暴露在这些重金属下导致的智商下降有关。
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的烧烤和美国的烧烤在各自的国家都十分受欢迎。
5.B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Compared with A Bite of China, which showcases chefs' cooking processes and demonstrates delicious cuisine on air, The Story of Chuaner is more down-to-earth in depicting the people”和第二段中的“The new documentary series, called The Story of Chuaner”可知,A Bite of China是一部纪录片。故选B。
6.C 词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的“The pleasant smell and atmosphere surrounding the grilled street food”和后面的“a girl to fly downstairs at night wearing her pajamas”可知,此处指围绕着烧烤的宜人气味和氛围能吸引女孩在晚上穿着睡衣飞奔到楼下,entice意为“吸引”。故选C。
7.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In many Chinese eyes, the barbecue, regarded as the most ordinary and common night street snack, is different from homemade food by mothers as that is a symbol of kinship. The barbecue is where you become connected with people in society.”可知,在中国人的眼中,烧烤有别于其他食物的原因在于烧烤可以加深其与朋友间的联系。故选B。
8.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“On the other side of the world, in the United States, the BBQ, well received by all ages, demonstrates the even more enthusiastic personality of Americans”可推知,作者在最后一段提到BBQ(户外烧烤)是为了表明户外烧烤是十分受欢迎的。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.diverse adj.多样的 2.make up构成 3.compared with与……相比 4.demonstrate v.展示 5.essential adj.必不可少的;极其重要的 6.a symbol of...一种……的象征
【差距词汇】 1.down-to-earth adj.务实的 2.deep-rooted adj.根深蒂固的
长难句
原句 On the other side of the world, in the United States, the BBQ, well received by all ages, demonstrates the even more enthusiastic personality of Americans, who grill large steaks on their outdoor stoves at home and enjoy competing to see who has the better cooking skills.
分析 本句为主从复合句。第一个who引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Americans;第二个who引导宾语从句,作see的宾语。
译文 在世界的另一边——美国,户外烧烤深受所有年龄段的欢迎,展示了美国人更加热情的性格,他们在家中的户外炉灶上烤大牛排,并喜欢竞争看看谁有更好的烹饪技巧。
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2025人教版高中英语选择性必修第二册
UNIT 3 FOOD AND CULTURE
Part 1 Reading and Thinking
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.What impressed us most is her (杰出的) performance.
2.Her dress at the party is so (精美的) that many people think its style will be popular with young women.
3.His best friend said that at a (最少量), he should spare half an hour to engage in after-school activities each day.
4.He bought a best-selling r book from the bookshop, determined to be an outstanding (厨师) when he grew up.
5.(2024浙江金华联考)It is said that the largest sheepskin raft in old times c of more than 600 sheepskin airbags.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.(2021新高考Ⅰ)Jenna found the bread and put two (slice) into the egg mixture.
2.The (prior) is to help our kids develop the competence of telling right from wrong.
3.As far as I'm concerned, the greatest wealth consists the health instead of a large quantity of money.
4.(2022北京)Tom, a 15-year-old inventor and entrepreneur(创业者), witnessed at his own school the widespread (consume) of sugary drinks by kids.
5.Jiaozi, or dumplings, is a kind of food which (stuff) with filling(馅) inside a flour wrapper(面皮).
Ⅲ.选词填空
consist of; prior to; dim sum
Some people say, “No matter where you come from, you will fall in love with Chinese food.” 1. coming to China, I knew there was a large amount of tasty food in China. Thanks to my Chinese friends, I enjoy many Chinese cuisines after coming to China, and know that the Chinese cuisines 2. eight great cuisines. What impresses me most is the elegant 3. in e and experience Chinese cuisines.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.我既紧张又焦虑,不知道在这种场合下如何处理这个问题。(形容词短语作状语;疑问词+to do)
, I don't know on this occasion.(读后续写—心理描写)
2.这道美味的菜肴由许多特殊的食材组成,包括一些稀有的蘑菇。(一句多译)
①The delicious cuisine many special ingredients, including some rare mushrooms.
②The delicious cuisine many special ingredients, including some rare mushrooms.
③The delicious cuisine many special ingredients, including some rare mushrooms.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Before coming to China, I only experienced Chinese food that 1 (change) to suit American tastes.
Later, I was lucky to experience real Chinese food by 2 (come) to China. A Sichuan restaurant had been recommended to me and my family by a friend,so we went there. We were 3 (tire) and hungry when we got there. We didn't know a word of Chinese. We didn't know how to order, 4 the chef just started filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten. With this, we had a chance to experience an 5 (entire) new taste: Sichuan peppercorns. The food was various, but 6 was more important was the friendship 7 (offer) to us. In northern Xinjiang, people cook their traditional foods over 8 open fire.
In China, we experienced wonderful local 9 (dish), including Guangdong's elegant dim sum and Henan's exceptional stewed noodles. We knew that through food, Chinese people everywhere show their friendship and 10 (kind).
2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
9. 10.
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2024陕西西安期中联考)
In China, hot pot has a history of about 1,000 years. It first 1 (appear) in the Mongolian area and then became popular in the southern part of China during 2 Tang Dynasty. And now it is still a popular dish for Chinese people.
Chinese hot pot has different flavours, 3 are determined by different weather conditions. The most famous type is known 4 Chongqing hot pot or Sichuan hot pot. Its flavour follows Sichuan cuisine, containing many seasonings(佐料). However, it is not the same as common Sichuan dishes. It is featured by the herbs and spices 5 (use) in the soup base.
In northeastern China, Mongolian hot pot is popular. In northern China, Beijing mutton hot pot is well-known. In southern China, people are more likely 6 (have) seafood hot pot 7 Hong Kong beef hot pot. Besides, new kinds of hot pot have become popular across China, including “sanxian pot” in Hangzhou. Now, dry pot 8 (consider) as a new type of hot pot in China. For dry pot, no soup base is added at the very 9 (begin) but it can be added after the meat ingredients are eaten up. 10 (general) speaking, vegetables, chicken and fish are excellent ingredients for dry pot.
2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
9. 10.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
(2023河南洛阳月考)
A new study found that a large quantity of tested baby foods contained heavy metals, which can harm a child's brain development. In the study, conducted by a research firm Associates, the tests were performed on 168 different containers of baby foods from 61 US baby food brands. Researchers found heavy metals in 95 percent of the tested baby foods.
As the report points out, they can harm a baby's developing brain and nervous system and are linked to IQ loss from exposure early in life. The majority of the baby foods tested contained three different heavy metals, with 26 percent of the baby foods containing all four heavy metals. Only nine baby foods (5 percent) were free of heavy metals. Lead(铅) was the most common heavy metal, found in 94 percent of the baby foods, followed by cadmium (镉), which was in 75 percent of the baby foods. That was followed by arsenic(砷)(73 percent of the baby foods) and mercury(汞)(32 percent).
“We were surprised that so many of the baby foods had more than one heavy metal,” said Charlotte Brody, a registered nurse and the national director of Healthy Babies Bright Futures. “The fundamental impact is additives, with a little bit of lead, a little bit of arsenic and a little bit of cadmium added up. Baby rice and rice-based baby snacks are the worst products. These popular baby foods are nearly polluted by all four poisonous metals,” according to the report.
1.What problem did the study find
A.The heavy metals in baby foods.
B.The brain development of children.
C.The influence on children's IQ.
D.The damage to babies from baby foods.
2.What's the least common heavy metal in the baby foods from the report
A.Arsenic. B.Mercury. C.Cadmium. D.Lead.
3.What can we know about rice-based baby snacks from the last paragraph
A.They may be highly addictive.
B.They're relatively safe.
C.They're the most seriously polluted.
D.They only contain one heavy metal.
4.From which is the text probably taken
A.A biology textbook. B.A research paper.
C.A travel brochure. D.A health magazine.
B
(2024广东深圳外国语学校月考)
No doubt one of China's greatest resources is its diverse cuisine. One of the most popular foods to be found is no doubt the street snacks that make up a large part of everyday life. “Compared with A Bite of China, which showcases chefs' cooking processes and demonstrates delicious cuisine on air, The Story of Chuaner is more down-to-earth in depicting the people,” a viewer commented.
The new documentary series, called The Story of Chuaner, tells the story of this popular food option that sizzles(咝咝作响) over hot coals on just about every street corner in cities and towns across the country. Barbecued meat shining over hot coal containers, while not as elegant as some of the fine dining options in China, is an essential part of people's night life. “The pleasant smell and atmosphere surrounding the grilled(烤的) street food is something that could entice a girl to fly downstairs at night wearing her pajamas(睡衣),” the documentary claims.
In many Chinese eyes, the barbecue, regarded as the most ordinary and common night street snack, is different from homemade food by mothers as that is a symbol of kinship(亲切感). The barbecue is where you become connected with people in society. And unlike official business lunches, during which people are rather reserved and polite, the barbecue lets people cut loose and relax with old friends and newly made friends, leaving a lasting impression of friendship.
On the other side of the world, in the United States, the BBQ, well received by all ages, demonstrates the even more enthusiastic personality of Americans, who grill large steaks on their outdoor stoves at home and enjoy competing to see who has the better cooking skills. It's safe to say that the world, as a whole, holds deep-rooted good feelings toward the barbecue, either for the taste or the warmth generated by fire.
5.What is probably A Bite of China
A.A commercial programme. B.A popular documentary.
C.A soap opera of chefs. D.A cuisine radio programme.
6.What does the underlined word “entice” in paragraph 2 mean
A.Inform. B.Force. C.Attract. D.Remind.
7.What makes the barbecue distinguished from other foods in the Chinese view
A.Good quality. B.Close bonds between friends.
C.Beautiful cooking style. D.Polite atmosphere.
8.Why does the author mention the BBQ in the United States in the last paragraph
A.To indicate the popularity of the BBQ.
B.To present special American culture.
C.To show friendship between countries.
D.To make a comparison with the Chinese BBQ.
答案与分层梯度式解析
UNIT 3 FOOD AND CULTURE
Part 1 Reading and Thinking
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.exceptional 2.elegant 3.minimum 4.recipe; chef 5.consisted
Ⅱ.1.slices 考查名词复数。设空处前有数量词two,slice为可数名词,所以设空处用名词复数,故填slices。
2.priority 考查名词。句意:最重要的是帮助我们的孩子培养辨别是非的能力。设空处作主语,由空前的The可知应用名词,且由系动词is可知应用单数。故填priority。
3.in 考查固定搭配。句意:在我看来,最大的财富在于健康而非大量金钱。consist in意为“在于”,为固定搭配。故填in。
4.consumption 考查名词。句意:汤姆是一名15岁的发明家和创业者,他在自己的学校目睹了孩子们对含糖饮料的广泛消费。设空处作动词witnessed的宾语,且由空前的the和空后的of可知设空处应用名词。故填consumption。
5.is stuffed 考查动词的时态和语态。句意:饺子是一种以面为皮的充馅食物。分析句子结构可知,空前的which引导定语从句且在从句中作主语,指代先行词a kind of food,所以设空处为从句的谓语;提示词stuff与先行词a kind of food之间为被动关系,所以应用被动语态;根据语境可知这里在说明一般性的情况,应用一般现在时。故填is stuffed。
Ⅲ.1.Prior to 2.consist of 3.dim sum
Ⅳ.1.Nervous and anxious; how to solve the problem
2.①consists of ②is composed of ③is made up of
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.had been changed 考查动词的时态和语态。设空处前面的that引导定语从句,修饰先行词Chinese food,设空处在从句中作谓语,Chinese food与change之间为被动关系,所以应用被动语态;根据语境和主句的时态可知此处的动作发生在“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时。故填had been changed。
2.coming 考查动词-ing形式。设空处作介词by的宾语,应用动词-ing形式。故填coming。
3.tired 考查形容词。设空处作表语,与and后面的形容词hungry并列,且主语We指人,应用-ed形式的形容词。故填tired。
4.so 考查并列连词。设空处前后是两个完整的句子,根据语境可知设空处前后在意思上为因果关系,应用表示因果关系的并列连词,且后文是前文的结果。故填so。
5.entirely 考查副词。设空处修饰其后的形容词new,应用副词。故填entirely。
6.what 考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知,“ 6 was more important”作主语,所以设空处引导主语从句,且在该从句中作主语,表示“更重要的事物”。故填what。
7.offered 考查动词-ed形式。设空处作定语修饰前面的名词friendship,两者之间为被动关系,所以应用过去分词作后置定语。故填offered。
8.an 考查冠词。此处指人们在明火上烹饪他们的传统食物,表示泛指,应用不定冠词,且open以元音音素开头。故填an。
9.dishes 考查名词复数。由设空处后面的“including Guangdong's elegant dim sum and Henan's exceptional stewed noodles”可知此处表示复数含义。故填dishes。
10.kindness 考查名词。分析句子成分可知,设空处与and前面的friendship并列,所以也应用名词。故填kindness。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国火锅的起源和发展。
1.appeared 考查动词的时态。句意:它首先出现在蒙古地区,然后在唐朝时期在中国南部流行起来。分析句子成分可知,设空处和became是由and连接的并列的谓语动词,陈述的是过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。故填appeared。
2.the 考查冠词。句意同上题。表示中国朝代的专有名词之前要加定冠词the,the Tang Dynasty唐朝。故填the。
3.which 考查定语从句。句意:中国火锅有不同的口味,这是由不同的天气条件决定的。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,从句缺少主语,先行词为flavours,指物,因此要用关系代词which引导从句。
4.as 考查介词。句意:最著名的火锅被认为是重庆火锅或四川火锅。be known as为固定短语,意为“被认为是”。故填as。
5.used 考查动词-ed形式。句意:它的特点是在汤底使用香草和香料。分析句子成分可知,句中已有谓语且无连词,所以设空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语,修饰名词短语herbs and spices;提示词use和herbs and spices之间为逻辑上的被动关系,所以应用动词-ed形式。故填used。
6.to have 考查动词不定式。句意:在中国南方,人们更可能吃海鲜火锅和香港牛肉火锅。be likely to do sth.意为“有可能做某事”。故填to have。
7.and 考查连词。句意同上题。空前的“seafood hot pot”与空后的“Hong Kong beef hot pot”之间为并列关系,所以应用并列连词and连接。
8.is considered 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:现在,干锅在中国被认为是一种新型的火锅。此处陈述一般性事实,应用一般现在时;dry pot和提示词consider之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;主语dry pot为不可数名词。故填is considered。
9.beginning 考查名词。句意:对于干锅来说,刚开始不加汤底,但可以等吃完肉料后再加。at the very beginning为固定短语,意为“在一开始,最初”。故填beginning。
10.Generally 考查副词。句意:一般来说,蔬菜、鸡肉和鱼都是干锅的绝佳食材。generally speaking意为“一般说来”,设空处位于句首,首字母应该大写。故填Generally。
【高频词汇】 1.determine v.决定 2.contain v.包含
3.feature v.以……为特色 4.consider v.认为;考虑
【熟词生义】 base n.主要配料
长难句
原句 For dry pot, no soup base is added at the very beginning but it can be added after the meat ingredients are eaten up.
分析 本句为并列复合句。but连接前后两个并列分句;在后一分句中,after引导时间状语从句。
译文 对于干锅来说,一开始不加汤底,但可以在吃完肉料后再加。
Ⅲ. A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究发现,大量被检测的婴儿食品中含有重金属,而这些重金属可能会危害婴儿的大脑和神经系统的发育。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“A new study found that a large quantity of tested baby foods contained heavy metals, which can harm a child's brain development.”可知,一项新的研究发现,大量被检测的婴儿食品都含有重金属,这会损害孩子的大脑发育,所以研究发现的是婴儿食品中的重金属问题。故选A。
易错归因
此题容易误选D项“婴儿食品对婴儿的伤害”。学生单纯根据第二段中的“harm a baby's developing brain and nervous system”会认为研究发现的是婴儿食品对婴儿的伤害,而忽略了研究主要说的是婴儿食品中的重金属问题,所以做题时要着眼于文章的主要内容,不要以偏概全,根据其中的个别词句而误选。
2.B 推理判断题。由第二段可得出四种重金属占比情况如下:
Heavy metal重金属 Percent百分比(%)
lead (铅) 94
cadmium (镉) 75
arsenic (砷) 73
mercury (汞) 32
由上表可知,汞是婴儿食品中最少见的重金属。故选B。
3.C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Baby rice and rice-based baby snacks are the worst products. These popular baby foods are nearly polluted by all four poisonous metals”可知,婴儿米类食品和以大米为基础的婴儿零食是最差的产品。这些受欢迎的婴儿食品几乎被全部四种有毒金属污染了,所以它们被污染得最严重。故选C。
4.D 推理判断题。根据文章结构:
由此可知,本文的话题是婴儿食品中的重金属,这与健康有关,所以本文可能选自健康类杂志。故选D。
易错归因
此题容易误选B项“研究论文”,但研究论文要求其内容有很强的科学性,作者在立论上要客观,不得带有任何个人偏见和感彩,而文章第三段中出现的“We were surprised that so many of the baby foods had more than one heavy metal”一般不应该出现在论文中,故不选B项。
【高频词汇】 1.contain v.包含;控制 2.conduct v.组织,实施;表现 n.行为,举止;实施方法 3.point out指出 4.exposure n.暴露;面临,遭受;揭发;胶片 5.poisonous adj.有毒的
【差距词汇】 additive n.添加剂
长难句
原句 As the report points out, they can harm a baby's developing brain and nervous system and are linked to IQ loss from exposure early in life.
分析 本句为主从复合句。As引导非限制性定语从句;第一个and连接两个名词“brain”和“nervous system”,第二个and连接两个谓语“can harm”和“are linked”。
译文 正如报告所指出的,它们(重金属)能破坏婴儿正在发育的大脑和神经系统,并且与小时候暴露在这些重金属下导致的智商下降有关。
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的烧烤和美国的烧烤在各自的国家都十分受欢迎。
5.B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Compared with A Bite of China, which showcases chefs' cooking processes and demonstrates delicious cuisine on air, The Story of Chuaner is more down-to-earth in depicting the people”和第二段中的“The new documentary series, called The Story of Chuaner”可知,A Bite of China是一部纪录片。故选B。
6.C 词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的“The pleasant smell and atmosphere surrounding the grilled street food”和后面的“a girl to fly downstairs at night wearing her pajamas”可知,此处指围绕着烧烤的宜人气味和氛围能吸引女孩在晚上穿着睡衣飞奔到楼下,entice意为“吸引”。故选C。
7.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In many Chinese eyes, the barbecue, regarded as the most ordinary and common night street snack, is different from homemade food by mothers as that is a symbol of kinship. The barbecue is where you become connected with people in society.”可知,在中国人的眼中,烧烤有别于其他食物的原因在于烧烤可以加深其与朋友间的联系。故选B。
8.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“On the other side of the world, in the United States, the BBQ, well received by all ages, demonstrates the even more enthusiastic personality of Americans”可推知,作者在最后一段提到BBQ(户外烧烤)是为了表明户外烧烤是十分受欢迎的。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.diverse adj.多样的 2.make up构成 3.compared with与……相比 4.demonstrate v.展示 5.essential adj.必不可少的;极其重要的 6.a symbol of...一种……的象征
【差距词汇】 1.down-to-earth adj.务实的 2.deep-rooted adj.根深蒂固的
长难句
原句 On the other side of the world, in the United States, the BBQ, well received by all ages, demonstrates the even more enthusiastic personality of Americans, who grill large steaks on their outdoor stoves at home and enjoy competing to see who has the better cooking skills.
分析 本句为主从复合句。第一个who引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Americans;第二个who引导宾语从句,作see的宾语。
译文 在世界的另一边——美国,户外烧烤深受所有年龄段的欢迎,展示了美国人更加热情的性格,他们在家中的户外炉灶上烤大牛排,并喜欢竞争看看谁有更好的烹饪技巧。
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