2025人教版高中英语选择性必修第一册同步练习题--UNIT 5 Part 1 Reading and Thinking（含答案与解析）
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2025人教版高中英语选择性必修第一册
UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND
Part 1 Reading and Thinking
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.After years of hard work, he (得到) a better position in the company.
2.Holiday is a time for l . But making good use of the time is not an easy task for most people.
3.In times of (危急关头), they broke down their barrier and o the difficulties together.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Even the businesses that survive will have to adjust to the new (real).
2.If there is a (short) of sleep, you may not be able to see things clearly as usual.
3.(2024山东滕州一中月考)As she wrote, she could smell the (salt) air, hear the crashing waves and feel the pull of the sand beneath her feet.
4.(2020全国Ⅰ)They might help reduce energy (consume).
5.Charles was (intense) interested in the natural world from an early age.
6.On the (assume) that speed is kept constant, distance increases with time.
7.The newly issued policy will give boost to the economy.
8.Steam and water are used for the (generate) of electricity.
9.It is unwise to (estimate) your opponent's strength and intelligence.
10.The incident made it clear that the rat, mouse and rabbit problem needed (tackle)once and for all.
11.(2024湖南长沙市南雅中学月考) (overcome) with sorrow, she jumps into his grave.
12. is clear that the amount of sleep we need varies from person to person.
Ⅲ.选词填空
be convinced of;be comprised of;devote oneself to; far from
Although having been working hard, you may find the result 1. satisfactory. But don't lose heart. We all know life 2. not only sunshine but also storms. As long as you have a dream in your heart, 3. it and don't give up, you will succeed in the end. I 4. your strength and potential and looking forward to hearing your good news.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.考虑到你想保持健康,我想推荐一项适合你的健身活动。(given)
, I would like to recommend a fitness activity that is suitable for you.
2.她总是那么努力。在她的内心深处,她知道世界总会给努力实现梦想的人开路。(deep)
She always works so hard. , she knows that the world always makes way for people who try to .(读后续写—主旨升华)
3.I didn't know how to get along with my roommates and that upset me. (句式升级,主语从句)
→ I didn't know how to get along with my roommates.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Known as the “father of hybrid rice”, Yuan Longping always considered 1 (he) a farmer. As a young man, Yuan was concerned about farmers' poor harvests and shortage of food to eat. To tackle this problem, he 2 (choose) to study agriculture and received an education at Southwest Agricultural College.
After graduating, Yuan worked as a researcher. He was 3 (convince) that the solution lay in the creation of hybrid rice rather than larger fields, which was then against the common assumption 4 it could not be done. Through intense effort, Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties and developed the first high-yielding hybrid rice, enabling farmers to increase their output greatly 5 expanding the fields. Today it's estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice 6 (consume) consists of crops 7 (generate) from Yuan's hybrid strains.
Despite Yuan's invaluable contributions and great achievements, he never lived 8 life of leisure. Instead, he devoted his whole life to 9 (fulfil) his dreams. He was indeed a great scientist, 10 deserves our greatest respect.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
9. 10.
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2024浙南名校联盟期中)
Jia Sixie, author of China's first agricultural encyclopedia(百科全书), was one of the leading agronomists (农学家) in Chinese history. In the late years of the Northern Wei Dynasty, he wrote Qimin Yaoshu, the 1 (early) and most complete agricultural encyclopedia still in existence in China.
Jia Sixie was born in Yidu County in Shandong Province. During his childhood, Jia's family wasn't wealthy, but had 2 rich collection of books. This provided the young Jia with an opportunity: to read ancient Chinese literature 3 (wide) on agriculture. He completed Qimin Yaoshu during the wars, when he saw amounts of 4 (suffer) the poor farmers underwent. 5 he believed deep down was that the development of agriculture could relieve the shortage of food and thus help those farmers out.
The book, which is comprised of 92 chapters in 10 volumes and nearly 120,000 characters, 6 (cover) a wide range of topics and records on production experience and methods. It includes advice on farming, fishery and sideline occupations. In the book, he emphasized the importance of seed breeding 7 (generate) better varieties.
Qimin Yaoshu was first distributed mainly among common people. In the late Tang Dynasty, the book was introduced to Japan. So far, the book 8 (translate) into several languages. Qimin Yaoshu is considered 9 an important summary of farming knowledge. At present, it is still studied by Chinese farmers and students 10 (major) in agriculture.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
9. 10.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
(2024江苏常州一中期中)
It is common to see most livestreamers sitting in front of a desk in a well-decorated room. But Zeng Qinghuan, a 30-year-old from Xinhua County in Loudi, Hunan, has turned her whole village into a livestreaming set. Her goal is to use e-commerce to help her people live a better life.
Known as “Xiangmei Xinbao” on Douyin, Zeng now has more than 3 million followers. One of her videos about conventional ways of planting and harvesting rice has attracted more than 300,000 followers.
Zeng used to study fashion design and has worked in some big cities before. In 2019 she returned to her village to care for her sick grandmother. She then found that she could build a career there—by being a livestreamer with the help of her cousin.
At the beginning, she didn't make any money. Zeng's parents didn't give her any support until she could stand on her own feet and help people sell their products. She has now sold local agricultural products worth tens of millions of yuan, like fermented tofu, preserved pork and dried sweet potatoes.
“I'm a daughter of the great mountains. I can also be a contributor to rural development in the new times,” she said.
Rural revitalization (振兴) is a key part of China's 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-2025). Zeng hopes her experience can encourage more young people to return to their rural hometowns and start their own businesses. In 2021, after she became a deputy (代表) of the Loudi Municipal People's Congress, she put forward a proposal to ensure that “each village has one product and one livestreaming host of its own”. She plans to help develop 100 social media influencers from her county within three years, and two villages have taken part in the project. “I believe that the rural areas will become a big stage, and a farmer will be seen as a respectable job too,” said Zeng.
1.What does Zeng mainly introduce on Douyin
A.Fashion trends in her village. B.The education in her hometown.
C.Traditional customs of her village. D.Agricultural products of her hometown.
2.What do we know about Zeng's livestreaming career
A.It was encouraged by her sick grandmother.
B.It inspired more local villagers to follow.
C.It brought her a fortune as soon as it was started.
D.It was a great success with the help of her parents.
3.What is Zeng going to do next
A.Invite more young people to her hometown.
B.Expand her business to make more money.
C.Train more social media influencers in her county.
D.Produce more agricultural products to help the farmers.
4.Which of the following best describes Zeng
A.Responsible and modest. B.Gifted and faithful.
C.Caring and fashionable. D.Down-to-earth and ambitious.
B
(2023安徽省十联考·合肥八中期中)
As temperatures rise to the record level and wildfires happen around the world, the need to meet net-zero targets has never been more urgent. At the same time, increasing climate resilience (适应力) across food systems will be needed to fight rising hunger, according to Abdulla Shahid, president of the 76th session of the UN General Assembly.
Agrivoltaic farming (光伏农业), which uses the shaded space under solar panels (太阳能电池板) to grow crops, could be a way out. In the system, solar panels have to sometimes be lifted or suspended to allow plants to grow beneaththem. Another option is putting them on the roofs of greenhouses. This allows enough light and rainwater to reach the crops and provides access for farm machinery.
Certain crops appear to grow well when grown in such environments, according to many recent studies. Researchers in South Korea have been growing a kind of vegetable underneath solar panels. The panels are positioned 2-3 metres off the ground and sit at an angle of 30 degrees, providing shade and offering crops protection from the sun. The researchers, from Chonnam National University, discovered that the vegetable produced was a deeper shade of green, thus attracting many consumers.
Agrivoltaic systems in East Africa are allowing farmers to make better use of land. An agrivoltaic farming project in Kenya is using solar panels held several metres off the ground, with gaps between them. The shade from the panels protects vegetables from heat stress and water loss. This has resulted in rural farmers being able to grow a greater range of higher-value crops. The project effectively harvests the power of the sun twice, the researchers say.
Overall, agrivoltaic farming is one way of using the same area of land to produce more food while also rolling out more sources of renewable energy. According to Brite Solar CEO Dr. Nick Kanopoulos, who is a highly skilled solar energy expert, it's a new way of farming—one that is fully electric, runs on renewable resources, and is capable of producing the food we need to feed the future.
5.What is the second paragraph intended to introduce about agrivoltaic farming
A.How it is built. B.How it is accepted. C.How it is spread. D.How it is developed.
6.What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A.Crops. B.Plants. C.Solar panels. D.Roofs.
7.What is the advantage of agrivoltaic farming over traditional farming
A.It uses land more efficiently. B.It saves money on labor costs.
C.It can reduce wildfire risks. D.It is easily managed.
8.What does the author refer to when evaluating agrivoltaic farming
A.A common belief. B.An expert's opinion.
C.A conclusion of previous research. D.An organization's announcement.
UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND
答案与分层梯度式解析
Part 1 Reading and Thinking
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.attained 2.leisure 3.crisis;overcame
Ⅱ.1.reality 考查名词。设空处作adjust to的宾语且在形容词后面,所以应填入名词。故填reality,意为“实际情况”。句意:即使是那些幸存下来的企业也将不得不适应新的实际情况。
2.shortage 考查名词。根据设空处前面的a和后面的of可知此处应填名词,故填shortage。a shortage of表示“缺少……”。
3.salty 考查形容词。句意:当她写作的时候,她能闻到带咸味的空气,听到海浪的撞击声,感觉到脚下沙子的拉力。设空处作定语,修饰名词air,表示“咸的”,用形容词形式。故填salty。
4.consumption 考查名词。根据空前的动词reduce可知设空处与名词energy构成名词短语,作动词reduce的宾语,故填名词consumption,energy consumption表示“能源消耗”。
5.intensely 考查副词。设空处在句中修饰形容词interested,所以应填副词intensely。
6.assumption 考查名词。句意:假设速度保持不变,则距离随时间增加。on the assumption that...意为“假定……”,故填名词形式assumption。
7.a 考查冠词。give a boost to...是固定短语,表示“给……推动力”。
8.generation 考查名词。根据设空处前面的定冠词the和后面的of可知此处应填名词,故填 generation,表示“产生”。
9.underestimate 考查构词法。句意:低估你的对手的实力和智力是不明智的。根据语境可知这里表示“低估”, 应在estimate前加上前缀under-(表示“不足,不够”,估计得不够即“低估”),故填underestimate。
学科思维 英语的构词规律:词缀与词根的意思进行复合,就构成了新词的意思。本题前缀under-可以表示“不足,不够”,“估计(estimate)”得“不够(under-)”即“低估(underestimate)”,同学们在阅读时遇到派生词可以尝试用这种方法猜测词义。
类比启发 under-前缀表示“不足,不够”时用其构成的词还有:underdeveloped 欠发达的,发育不全的;undercook 未煮透,煮得欠火候;underfed喂食不足的。
10.tackling/to be tackled 考查非谓语动词。句意:这一事件清楚地表明,大老鼠、老鼠和兔子的问题需要一劳永逸地解决。根据句意可知,设空处动作表示被动,动词need表示“需要”时,其后跟动名词,用主动形式表被动意义,相当于不定式的被动形式。故填tackling或to be tackled。
类比启发 动词require、want作“需要”解时,其后也常用动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语,表示事情需要做。这时动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。
11.Overcome 考查过去分词。句意:她悲痛欲绝,跳进了他的坟墓。overcome意为“对……产生极大影响”时常用于被动语态be overcome with,表示 “受到某种感情的极大影响”。根据句子结构可知设空处作状语,应用非谓语动词形式,空处与逻辑主语she之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词,且位于句首,单词首字母需大写,故填Overcome。
类比启发 overcome的过去式和过去分词分别为overcame和overcome,类似这样的词(过去分词与原形形式相同的)还有:come(came,come);become(became,become);run(ran,run)。
12.It 考查it作形式主语。由设空处后的is(系动词)和clear(表语)可知设空处作主语,此处指“我们需要的睡眠时间因人而异是很明显的”,由语境可知,that引导的从句作真正的主语,所以此处应用it作形式主语,单词位于句首,首字母应大写,故填It。
Ⅲ.1.far from 2.is comprised of 3.devote yourself to
4.am convinced of
Ⅳ.1.Given that you want to keep fit 2.Deep down;fulfil their dreams 3.What upset me was that
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.himself 考查代词。设空处作considered的宾语,此处主语和宾语指同一个人,所以应填反身代词himself。句意:袁隆平以“杂交水稻之父”而著称,他一直认为自己是一个农民。
2.chose 考查时态。设空处在句中作谓语,根据其后的and received可知应用一般过去时。注意choose的过去式是chose,为不规则变化,故填chose。
3.convinced 考查形容词。sb. be convinced that...表示“某人坚信……”。故填形容词convinced。句意:他坚信,解决办法在于培育杂交水稻,而不是扩大田地……。
4.that 考查同位语从句。分析句子可知,空前为名词assumption,空后是对空前名词的解释说明,由此推知设空处引导同位语从句,因为该从句不缺成分,且语意完整,故填that。
类比启发 可以跟同位语从句的名词主要是一些表示抽象意义的词,常见的有belief、doubt、explanation、fact、promise、suggestion等。
5.without 考查介词。句意:……使农民能够在不扩大田地的情况下大幅增加产量。结合第二段第二句可知,此处表示“不(做某事)”,由without构成的介词短语在句中作状语,故填without。
6.consumption 考查名词。句意:据估计,现在大约有60%的国内大米消耗量产自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物。设空处表示“消耗量”,所以应填名词consumption。
7.generated 考查过去分词。设空处在句中作crops的后置定语,generate表示“产生”,是及物动词,crops与generate构成逻辑上的被动关系,所以应填过去分词形式,故填generated。
8.a 考查冠词。live a life of leisure意为“过着悠闲的生活”。故填a。
9.fulfilling 考查动名词。devote one's life to doing sth.是固定短语,意为“献身于做某事”,因此设空处用动名词,故填fulfilling。
10.who 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,先行词是scientist,指人,因此用关系代词who。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了中国著名农学家贾思勰及他撰写的《齐民要术》。
1.earliest 考查形容词最高级。句意:北魏末年,他撰写了中国现存的最早、最完整的农业百科全书《齐民要术》。由句意以及设空处前后的“the...and most...”可知,设空处应用形容词最高级。故填earliest。
2.a 考查冠词。此处是“a collection of”结构,意为“一批……(收藏品)”,rich的发音以辅音音素开头,故用不定冠词a。句意:童年时,贾家并不富裕,但有丰富的藏书。
3.widely 考查副词。句意:这给年轻的贾提供了一个机会:广泛阅读有关农业的中国古代文献。设空处修饰动词read,在句中作状语,表示“广泛地”。故填widely。
4.suffering 考查名词。句意:他在战争期间完成了《齐民要术》,当时他看到了贫苦农民经受的大量的苦难。根据设空处前的amounts of可知设空处填不可数名词。故填suffering。
5.What 考查主语从句。句意:他内心深处相信农业的发展可以缓解粮食短缺,从而帮助那些农民摆脱困境。分析句子结构可知,“ 5 he believed deep down”在句中作主语,所以设空处引导主语从句,且从句中believed后面缺少宾语,指“……的事”,因此使用连接代词what,设空处位于句首,首字母要大写。故填What。
6.covers 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:该书共有10卷92篇,近12万字,涵盖了广泛的主题和有关生产经验和方法的记录。分析句子结构可知,该句主干为“The book 6 (cover) a wide range of topics and records...”,设空处在句中作谓语。该句对著作进行介绍,应使用一般现在时,主语The book为单数概念,所以谓语动词应用单数形式。故填covers。
7.to generate 考查不定式。句意:在书中,他强调了育种以产生更好的变种的重要性。育种是为了产生更好的变种,设空处表示目的,应用不定式。故填to generate。
8.has been translated 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处在句中作谓语,由时间状语So far可知,应使用现在完成时;主语the book为单数,且与动词translate之间为被动关系,所以用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been translated。句意:到目前为止,这本书已被翻译成了几种语言。
9.as 考查介词。句意:《齐民要术》被认为是农业知识的重要总结。consider...as...意为“认为……是……”。故填as。
10.majoring 考查现在分词。句意:目前,它仍然是中国农民和农业专业学生的研究对象。分析句子结构可知,本句已有谓语(is studied),所以设空处应填非谓语动词,空前的students与提示词major为逻辑上的主动关系,故用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填majoring。
【高频词汇】 1.in existence存在 2.collection n.一批物品;收集物 3.help...out帮助……摆脱困境 4.a wide range of 各种各样的 5.occupation n.职业;占领
6.emphasize v.强调 7.variety n.(植物、语言等的)变体;异体;多样化 8.summary n.总结,概要
【差距词汇】 distribute v.分配;分布
Ⅲ.A
◎语篇解读 这是一篇新闻报道,介绍了来自湖南娄底的曾庆欢(湘妹心宝)利用直播技术销售农产品,带领当地农民过上幸福生活的事迹。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句提到的“She has now sold local agricultural products...dried sweet potatoes.(她现在已经销售了价值数千万元的当地农产品,如豆腐乳、腊肉和红薯干)”可知,曾庆欢在抖音上主要介绍她家乡的农产品。故选D。
2.B 细节理解题。根据最后一段讲到的“曾庆欢计划在三年内在她的县帮助培养100名社交媒体影响者, 且有两个村庄已经参与了该项目”可推知,她的直播事业激励了更多的当地村民效仿。故选B。
3.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句“She plans to help develop 100 social media influencers from her county within three years, and two villages have taken part in the project.”可推断,曾庆欢下一步会在她的县培养更多的社交媒体影响者。故选C。
4.D 推理判断题。分析文章并结合选项可知选D。
位置 内容 品质
第一段 最后一句 她的目标是利用电子商务帮助村民过上更好的生活。 有抱负的 (ambitious)
第三段 第一、二句 曾庆欢学习过时装设计,以前在一些大城市工作过。2019年,她回到村里照顾生病的祖母。 朴实的 (down-to-earth)
最后一段 第三、四句 提议确保“一村一品一主播”,计划在三年内在她的县帮助培养100名社交媒体影响者。 朴实的 (down-to-earth)
最后一段 最后一句 曾庆欢说:“我相信,农村地区将成为一个大舞台,农民也将被认为是一份体面的工作。” 有抱负的 (ambitious)
【高频词汇】 1.harvest v.收割(庄稼) n.收获 2.care for 照顾,照料 3.make money 挣钱 4.worth adj.值……钱
5.put forward提出 6.proposal n.提议;建议 7.ensure v.确保,保证 8.take part in 参加
【差距词汇】 stand on one's own feet自立;独立
B
◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了光伏农业及其优点。
5.A 主旨大意题。第二段提到,光伏农业是利用太阳能电池板下的阴影空间种植作物,它可能是一个出路。在该系统中,太阳能电池板有时必须抬起来或悬挂起来,以使植物在其下方生长。另一个选择是把它们放在温室的屋顶上。这使得足够的光和雨水到达作物,并为农业机械提供通道。由此可知,本段主要介绍光伏农业的搭建方式。故选A。
6.C 词义猜测题。画线词所在句子的意思是“在该系统中,太阳能电池板有时必须抬起来或悬挂起来,以使植物能够在其下方生长”,由此可知,此处的them指代的是前面提到的solar panels。故选C。
7.A 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“Agrivoltaic systems in East Africa are allowing farmers to make better use of land.”和最后一段第一句中的“agrivoltaic farming is one way of using the same area of land to produce more food”可推断,光伏农业比传统农业更能提高土地的利用率。故选A。
8.B 细节理解题。文章的最后一段是作者在评价光伏农业,最后一段中用到了Nick Kanopoulos的观点。故选B。
【高频词汇】 1.urgent adj.紧急的;迫切的 2.access n.通道 3.position v.安置 4.make better use of...更好地利用…… 5.loss n.丧失;丢失 6.effectively adv.有效地 7.capable adj.有能力的
【熟词生义】 shade n.色度
长难句
原句 The researchers, from Chonnam National University, discovered that the vegetable produced was a deeper shade of green, thus attracting many consumers.
分析 这是一个主从复合句。discovered后面是that引导的宾语从句,从句中的produced是单个的过去分词作后置定语,修饰前面的the vegetable, attracting many consumers是现在分词短语作结果状语。
译文 来自全南国立大学的研究人员发现,所产的这种蔬菜有着更深的绿色,因此吸引了许多消费者。
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2025人教版高中英语选择性必修第一册
UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND
Part 1 Reading and Thinking
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.After years of hard work, he (得到) a better position in the company.
2.Holiday is a time for l . But making good use of the time is not an easy task for most people.
3.In times of (危急关头), they broke down their barrier and o the difficulties together.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Even the businesses that survive will have to adjust to the new (real).
2.If there is a (short) of sleep, you may not be able to see things clearly as usual.
3.(2024山东滕州一中月考)As she wrote, she could smell the (salt) air, hear the crashing waves and feel the pull of the sand beneath her feet.
4.(2020全国Ⅰ)They might help reduce energy (consume).
5.Charles was (intense) interested in the natural world from an early age.
6.On the (assume) that speed is kept constant, distance increases with time.
7.The newly issued policy will give boost to the economy.
8.Steam and water are used for the (generate) of electricity.
9.It is unwise to (estimate) your opponent's strength and intelligence.
10.The incident made it clear that the rat, mouse and rabbit problem needed (tackle)once and for all.
11.(2024湖南长沙市南雅中学月考) (overcome) with sorrow, she jumps into his grave.
12. is clear that the amount of sleep we need varies from person to person.
Ⅲ.选词填空
be convinced of;be comprised of;devote oneself to; far from
Although having been working hard, you may find the result 1. satisfactory. But don't lose heart. We all know life 2. not only sunshine but also storms. As long as you have a dream in your heart, 3. it and don't give up, you will succeed in the end. I 4. your strength and potential and looking forward to hearing your good news.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.考虑到你想保持健康,我想推荐一项适合你的健身活动。(given)
, I would like to recommend a fitness activity that is suitable for you.
2.她总是那么努力。在她的内心深处,她知道世界总会给努力实现梦想的人开路。(deep)
She always works so hard. , she knows that the world always makes way for people who try to .(读后续写—主旨升华)
3.I didn't know how to get along with my roommates and that upset me. (句式升级,主语从句)
→ I didn't know how to get along with my roommates.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Known as the “father of hybrid rice”, Yuan Longping always considered 1 (he) a farmer. As a young man, Yuan was concerned about farmers' poor harvests and shortage of food to eat. To tackle this problem, he 2 (choose) to study agriculture and received an education at Southwest Agricultural College.
After graduating, Yuan worked as a researcher. He was 3 (convince) that the solution lay in the creation of hybrid rice rather than larger fields, which was then against the common assumption 4 it could not be done. Through intense effort, Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties and developed the first high-yielding hybrid rice, enabling farmers to increase their output greatly 5 expanding the fields. Today it's estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice 6 (consume) consists of crops 7 (generate) from Yuan's hybrid strains.
Despite Yuan's invaluable contributions and great achievements, he never lived 8 life of leisure. Instead, he devoted his whole life to 9 (fulfil) his dreams. He was indeed a great scientist, 10 deserves our greatest respect.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
9. 10.
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2024浙南名校联盟期中)
Jia Sixie, author of China's first agricultural encyclopedia(百科全书), was one of the leading agronomists (农学家) in Chinese history. In the late years of the Northern Wei Dynasty, he wrote Qimin Yaoshu, the 1 (early) and most complete agricultural encyclopedia still in existence in China.
Jia Sixie was born in Yidu County in Shandong Province. During his childhood, Jia's family wasn't wealthy, but had 2 rich collection of books. This provided the young Jia with an opportunity: to read ancient Chinese literature 3 (wide) on agriculture. He completed Qimin Yaoshu during the wars, when he saw amounts of 4 (suffer) the poor farmers underwent. 5 he believed deep down was that the development of agriculture could relieve the shortage of food and thus help those farmers out.
The book, which is comprised of 92 chapters in 10 volumes and nearly 120,000 characters, 6 (cover) a wide range of topics and records on production experience and methods. It includes advice on farming, fishery and sideline occupations. In the book, he emphasized the importance of seed breeding 7 (generate) better varieties.
Qimin Yaoshu was first distributed mainly among common people. In the late Tang Dynasty, the book was introduced to Japan. So far, the book 8 (translate) into several languages. Qimin Yaoshu is considered 9 an important summary of farming knowledge. At present, it is still studied by Chinese farmers and students 10 (major) in agriculture.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
9. 10.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
(2024江苏常州一中期中)
It is common to see most livestreamers sitting in front of a desk in a well-decorated room. But Zeng Qinghuan, a 30-year-old from Xinhua County in Loudi, Hunan, has turned her whole village into a livestreaming set. Her goal is to use e-commerce to help her people live a better life.
Known as “Xiangmei Xinbao” on Douyin, Zeng now has more than 3 million followers. One of her videos about conventional ways of planting and harvesting rice has attracted more than 300,000 followers.
Zeng used to study fashion design and has worked in some big cities before. In 2019 she returned to her village to care for her sick grandmother. She then found that she could build a career there—by being a livestreamer with the help of her cousin.
At the beginning, she didn't make any money. Zeng's parents didn't give her any support until she could stand on her own feet and help people sell their products. She has now sold local agricultural products worth tens of millions of yuan, like fermented tofu, preserved pork and dried sweet potatoes.
“I'm a daughter of the great mountains. I can also be a contributor to rural development in the new times,” she said.
Rural revitalization (振兴) is a key part of China's 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-2025). Zeng hopes her experience can encourage more young people to return to their rural hometowns and start their own businesses. In 2021, after she became a deputy (代表) of the Loudi Municipal People's Congress, she put forward a proposal to ensure that “each village has one product and one livestreaming host of its own”. She plans to help develop 100 social media influencers from her county within three years, and two villages have taken part in the project. “I believe that the rural areas will become a big stage, and a farmer will be seen as a respectable job too,” said Zeng.
1.What does Zeng mainly introduce on Douyin
A.Fashion trends in her village. B.The education in her hometown.
C.Traditional customs of her village. D.Agricultural products of her hometown.
2.What do we know about Zeng's livestreaming career
A.It was encouraged by her sick grandmother.
B.It inspired more local villagers to follow.
C.It brought her a fortune as soon as it was started.
D.It was a great success with the help of her parents.
3.What is Zeng going to do next
A.Invite more young people to her hometown.
B.Expand her business to make more money.
C.Train more social media influencers in her county.
D.Produce more agricultural products to help the farmers.
4.Which of the following best describes Zeng
A.Responsible and modest. B.Gifted and faithful.
C.Caring and fashionable. D.Down-to-earth and ambitious.
B
(2023安徽省十联考·合肥八中期中)
As temperatures rise to the record level and wildfires happen around the world, the need to meet net-zero targets has never been more urgent. At the same time, increasing climate resilience (适应力) across food systems will be needed to fight rising hunger, according to Abdulla Shahid, president of the 76th session of the UN General Assembly.
Agrivoltaic farming (光伏农业), which uses the shaded space under solar panels (太阳能电池板) to grow crops, could be a way out. In the system, solar panels have to sometimes be lifted or suspended to allow plants to grow beneaththem. Another option is putting them on the roofs of greenhouses. This allows enough light and rainwater to reach the crops and provides access for farm machinery.
Certain crops appear to grow well when grown in such environments, according to many recent studies. Researchers in South Korea have been growing a kind of vegetable underneath solar panels. The panels are positioned 2-3 metres off the ground and sit at an angle of 30 degrees, providing shade and offering crops protection from the sun. The researchers, from Chonnam National University, discovered that the vegetable produced was a deeper shade of green, thus attracting many consumers.
Agrivoltaic systems in East Africa are allowing farmers to make better use of land. An agrivoltaic farming project in Kenya is using solar panels held several metres off the ground, with gaps between them. The shade from the panels protects vegetables from heat stress and water loss. This has resulted in rural farmers being able to grow a greater range of higher-value crops. The project effectively harvests the power of the sun twice, the researchers say.
Overall, agrivoltaic farming is one way of using the same area of land to produce more food while also rolling out more sources of renewable energy. According to Brite Solar CEO Dr. Nick Kanopoulos, who is a highly skilled solar energy expert, it's a new way of farming—one that is fully electric, runs on renewable resources, and is capable of producing the food we need to feed the future.
5.What is the second paragraph intended to introduce about agrivoltaic farming
A.How it is built. B.How it is accepted. C.How it is spread. D.How it is developed.
6.What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A.Crops. B.Plants. C.Solar panels. D.Roofs.
7.What is the advantage of agrivoltaic farming over traditional farming
A.It uses land more efficiently. B.It saves money on labor costs.
C.It can reduce wildfire risks. D.It is easily managed.
8.What does the author refer to when evaluating agrivoltaic farming
A.A common belief. B.An expert's opinion.
C.A conclusion of previous research. D.An organization's announcement.
UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND
答案与分层梯度式解析
Part 1 Reading and Thinking
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.attained 2.leisure 3.crisis;overcame
Ⅱ.1.reality 考查名词。设空处作adjust to的宾语且在形容词后面,所以应填入名词。故填reality,意为“实际情况”。句意:即使是那些幸存下来的企业也将不得不适应新的实际情况。
2.shortage 考查名词。根据设空处前面的a和后面的of可知此处应填名词,故填shortage。a shortage of表示“缺少……”。
3.salty 考查形容词。句意:当她写作的时候,她能闻到带咸味的空气,听到海浪的撞击声,感觉到脚下沙子的拉力。设空处作定语,修饰名词air,表示“咸的”,用形容词形式。故填salty。
4.consumption 考查名词。根据空前的动词reduce可知设空处与名词energy构成名词短语,作动词reduce的宾语,故填名词consumption,energy consumption表示“能源消耗”。
5.intensely 考查副词。设空处在句中修饰形容词interested,所以应填副词intensely。
6.assumption 考查名词。句意:假设速度保持不变,则距离随时间增加。on the assumption that...意为“假定……”,故填名词形式assumption。
7.a 考查冠词。give a boost to...是固定短语,表示“给……推动力”。
8.generation 考查名词。根据设空处前面的定冠词the和后面的of可知此处应填名词,故填 generation,表示“产生”。
9.underestimate 考查构词法。句意:低估你的对手的实力和智力是不明智的。根据语境可知这里表示“低估”, 应在estimate前加上前缀under-(表示“不足,不够”,估计得不够即“低估”),故填underestimate。
学科思维 英语的构词规律:词缀与词根的意思进行复合,就构成了新词的意思。本题前缀under-可以表示“不足,不够”,“估计(estimate)”得“不够(under-)”即“低估(underestimate)”,同学们在阅读时遇到派生词可以尝试用这种方法猜测词义。
类比启发 under-前缀表示“不足,不够”时用其构成的词还有:underdeveloped 欠发达的,发育不全的;undercook 未煮透,煮得欠火候;underfed喂食不足的。
10.tackling/to be tackled 考查非谓语动词。句意:这一事件清楚地表明,大老鼠、老鼠和兔子的问题需要一劳永逸地解决。根据句意可知,设空处动作表示被动,动词need表示“需要”时,其后跟动名词,用主动形式表被动意义,相当于不定式的被动形式。故填tackling或to be tackled。
类比启发 动词require、want作“需要”解时,其后也常用动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语,表示事情需要做。这时动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。
11.Overcome 考查过去分词。句意:她悲痛欲绝,跳进了他的坟墓。overcome意为“对……产生极大影响”时常用于被动语态be overcome with,表示 “受到某种感情的极大影响”。根据句子结构可知设空处作状语,应用非谓语动词形式,空处与逻辑主语she之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词,且位于句首,单词首字母需大写,故填Overcome。
类比启发 overcome的过去式和过去分词分别为overcame和overcome,类似这样的词(过去分词与原形形式相同的)还有:come(came,come);become(became,become);run(ran,run)。
12.It 考查it作形式主语。由设空处后的is(系动词)和clear(表语)可知设空处作主语,此处指“我们需要的睡眠时间因人而异是很明显的”,由语境可知,that引导的从句作真正的主语,所以此处应用it作形式主语,单词位于句首,首字母应大写,故填It。
Ⅲ.1.far from 2.is comprised of 3.devote yourself to
4.am convinced of
Ⅳ.1.Given that you want to keep fit 2.Deep down;fulfil their dreams 3.What upset me was that
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.himself 考查代词。设空处作considered的宾语,此处主语和宾语指同一个人,所以应填反身代词himself。句意:袁隆平以“杂交水稻之父”而著称,他一直认为自己是一个农民。
2.chose 考查时态。设空处在句中作谓语,根据其后的and received可知应用一般过去时。注意choose的过去式是chose,为不规则变化,故填chose。
3.convinced 考查形容词。sb. be convinced that...表示“某人坚信……”。故填形容词convinced。句意:他坚信,解决办法在于培育杂交水稻,而不是扩大田地……。
4.that 考查同位语从句。分析句子可知,空前为名词assumption,空后是对空前名词的解释说明,由此推知设空处引导同位语从句,因为该从句不缺成分,且语意完整,故填that。
类比启发 可以跟同位语从句的名词主要是一些表示抽象意义的词,常见的有belief、doubt、explanation、fact、promise、suggestion等。
5.without 考查介词。句意:……使农民能够在不扩大田地的情况下大幅增加产量。结合第二段第二句可知,此处表示“不(做某事)”,由without构成的介词短语在句中作状语,故填without。
6.consumption 考查名词。句意:据估计,现在大约有60%的国内大米消耗量产自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物。设空处表示“消耗量”,所以应填名词consumption。
7.generated 考查过去分词。设空处在句中作crops的后置定语,generate表示“产生”,是及物动词,crops与generate构成逻辑上的被动关系,所以应填过去分词形式,故填generated。
8.a 考查冠词。live a life of leisure意为“过着悠闲的生活”。故填a。
9.fulfilling 考查动名词。devote one's life to doing sth.是固定短语,意为“献身于做某事”,因此设空处用动名词,故填fulfilling。
10.who 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,先行词是scientist,指人,因此用关系代词who。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了中国著名农学家贾思勰及他撰写的《齐民要术》。
1.earliest 考查形容词最高级。句意:北魏末年,他撰写了中国现存的最早、最完整的农业百科全书《齐民要术》。由句意以及设空处前后的“the...and most...”可知,设空处应用形容词最高级。故填earliest。
2.a 考查冠词。此处是“a collection of”结构,意为“一批……(收藏品)”,rich的发音以辅音音素开头,故用不定冠词a。句意:童年时,贾家并不富裕,但有丰富的藏书。
3.widely 考查副词。句意:这给年轻的贾提供了一个机会:广泛阅读有关农业的中国古代文献。设空处修饰动词read,在句中作状语,表示“广泛地”。故填widely。
4.suffering 考查名词。句意:他在战争期间完成了《齐民要术》,当时他看到了贫苦农民经受的大量的苦难。根据设空处前的amounts of可知设空处填不可数名词。故填suffering。
5.What 考查主语从句。句意:他内心深处相信农业的发展可以缓解粮食短缺,从而帮助那些农民摆脱困境。分析句子结构可知,“ 5 he believed deep down”在句中作主语,所以设空处引导主语从句,且从句中believed后面缺少宾语,指“……的事”,因此使用连接代词what,设空处位于句首,首字母要大写。故填What。
6.covers 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:该书共有10卷92篇,近12万字,涵盖了广泛的主题和有关生产经验和方法的记录。分析句子结构可知,该句主干为“The book 6 (cover) a wide range of topics and records...”,设空处在句中作谓语。该句对著作进行介绍,应使用一般现在时,主语The book为单数概念,所以谓语动词应用单数形式。故填covers。
7.to generate 考查不定式。句意:在书中,他强调了育种以产生更好的变种的重要性。育种是为了产生更好的变种,设空处表示目的,应用不定式。故填to generate。
8.has been translated 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处在句中作谓语,由时间状语So far可知,应使用现在完成时;主语the book为单数,且与动词translate之间为被动关系,所以用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been translated。句意:到目前为止,这本书已被翻译成了几种语言。
9.as 考查介词。句意:《齐民要术》被认为是农业知识的重要总结。consider...as...意为“认为……是……”。故填as。
10.majoring 考查现在分词。句意:目前,它仍然是中国农民和农业专业学生的研究对象。分析句子结构可知,本句已有谓语(is studied),所以设空处应填非谓语动词,空前的students与提示词major为逻辑上的主动关系,故用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填majoring。
【高频词汇】 1.in existence存在 2.collection n.一批物品;收集物 3.help...out帮助……摆脱困境 4.a wide range of 各种各样的 5.occupation n.职业;占领
6.emphasize v.强调 7.variety n.(植物、语言等的)变体;异体;多样化 8.summary n.总结,概要
【差距词汇】 distribute v.分配;分布
Ⅲ.A
◎语篇解读 这是一篇新闻报道,介绍了来自湖南娄底的曾庆欢(湘妹心宝)利用直播技术销售农产品,带领当地农民过上幸福生活的事迹。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句提到的“She has now sold local agricultural products...dried sweet potatoes.(她现在已经销售了价值数千万元的当地农产品,如豆腐乳、腊肉和红薯干)”可知,曾庆欢在抖音上主要介绍她家乡的农产品。故选D。
2.B 细节理解题。根据最后一段讲到的“曾庆欢计划在三年内在她的县帮助培养100名社交媒体影响者, 且有两个村庄已经参与了该项目”可推知,她的直播事业激励了更多的当地村民效仿。故选B。
3.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句“She plans to help develop 100 social media influencers from her county within three years, and two villages have taken part in the project.”可推断,曾庆欢下一步会在她的县培养更多的社交媒体影响者。故选C。
4.D 推理判断题。分析文章并结合选项可知选D。
位置 内容 品质
第一段 最后一句 她的目标是利用电子商务帮助村民过上更好的生活。 有抱负的 (ambitious)
第三段 第一、二句 曾庆欢学习过时装设计,以前在一些大城市工作过。2019年,她回到村里照顾生病的祖母。 朴实的 (down-to-earth)
最后一段 第三、四句 提议确保“一村一品一主播”,计划在三年内在她的县帮助培养100名社交媒体影响者。 朴实的 (down-to-earth)
最后一段 最后一句 曾庆欢说:“我相信,农村地区将成为一个大舞台,农民也将被认为是一份体面的工作。” 有抱负的 (ambitious)
【高频词汇】 1.harvest v.收割(庄稼) n.收获 2.care for 照顾,照料 3.make money 挣钱 4.worth adj.值……钱
5.put forward提出 6.proposal n.提议;建议 7.ensure v.确保,保证 8.take part in 参加
【差距词汇】 stand on one's own feet自立;独立
B
◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了光伏农业及其优点。
5.A 主旨大意题。第二段提到,光伏农业是利用太阳能电池板下的阴影空间种植作物,它可能是一个出路。在该系统中,太阳能电池板有时必须抬起来或悬挂起来,以使植物在其下方生长。另一个选择是把它们放在温室的屋顶上。这使得足够的光和雨水到达作物,并为农业机械提供通道。由此可知,本段主要介绍光伏农业的搭建方式。故选A。
6.C 词义猜测题。画线词所在句子的意思是“在该系统中,太阳能电池板有时必须抬起来或悬挂起来,以使植物能够在其下方生长”,由此可知,此处的them指代的是前面提到的solar panels。故选C。
7.A 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“Agrivoltaic systems in East Africa are allowing farmers to make better use of land.”和最后一段第一句中的“agrivoltaic farming is one way of using the same area of land to produce more food”可推断,光伏农业比传统农业更能提高土地的利用率。故选A。
8.B 细节理解题。文章的最后一段是作者在评价光伏农业,最后一段中用到了Nick Kanopoulos的观点。故选B。
【高频词汇】 1.urgent adj.紧急的;迫切的 2.access n.通道 3.position v.安置 4.make better use of...更好地利用…… 5.loss n.丧失;丢失 6.effectively adv.有效地 7.capable adj.有能力的
【熟词生义】 shade n.色度
长难句
原句 The researchers, from Chonnam National University, discovered that the vegetable produced was a deeper shade of green, thus attracting many consumers.
分析 这是一个主从复合句。discovered后面是that引导的宾语从句,从句中的produced是单个的过去分词作后置定语,修饰前面的the vegetable, attracting many consumers是现在分词短语作结果状语。
译文 来自全南国立大学的研究人员发现,所产的这种蔬菜有着更深的绿色,因此吸引了许多消费者。
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