2025外研版高中英语选择性必修第一册同步练习题--Unit 5 Part 2　Using language（含答案与解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2025外研版高中英语选择性必修第一册
Unit 5　Revealing nature
Part 2　Using language
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Frankly speaking, the airplane crash cast a 　　　　(巨大的) shadow on travellers.
2.It is distinct that not his teacher but the student himself is to 　　　　(责怪) for the failure in the exam.
3.(2023福建福州月考) Visitors to the base can see the pandas in their natural environment and learn about their unique 　　　　 (特征).
4.By contrast, the conditions in the school were fairly 　　　　 (原始的), no electricity and no basic teaching tools available.
5.It is reported that the number of tourists to the tourist attraction 　　　　 (减少) by 10% last year.
6.China Today attracts a w　　　 readership, which shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.
Ⅱ.单元语法专练
题型(一)
1.It was the first time that he　　　　　 (meet) so strange a man.
2.I found the lecture hard to follow because it 　　　　　(start) when I arrived.
3.Silk　　　　　 (become) one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.
4.The old oak tree which　　　　　(stand) in the yard for 300 years, suddenly fell.
5.I 　　　　　(hope) to take a holiday this year but I wasn t able to get away.
6.Sarah 　　　　　(tell) that she could be Britain s new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year.
7.He　　　　　 (enter) the room, turned on the light and read an evening paper.
8.(2020江苏)Instead of getting down to a new task as I 　　　　　 (expect),he examined the previous work again.
9.It was really tiresome! As soon as I　　　　　 (put) the phone down, it rang again.
10.They might have found a better hotel if they 　　　　　 (drive) a few more kilometers.
题型(二)
When the Titanic was built, people thought it would never sink. So, when it 　1　 (sink) on its first journey, the news surprised everyone greatly.
The Titanic set sail from England on April 10,1912. On the fifth day of its voyage, when it 　2　 (sail) at full speed towards New York, it hit an iceberg. The captain, who 　3　(receive) warnings about icebergs, 　4　(dismiss) the warnings. At 2:20 am, the Titanic sank into the sea. It 　5　 (hit) an iceberg just over two hours before the disaster. More than 1,500 people lost their lives, and only 710 people 　6　(survive). Explorer Robert Ballard 　7　(search) for the Titanic for years before he found it. With his cameras, Robert managed to get photos of the holes along the side of the ship which 　8　(cause) it to sink.
1.　　　　　 2.　　　　　 3.　　　　　
4.　　　　　 5.　　　　　 6.　　　　　
7.　　　　　 8.　　　　　
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2024成都树德中学期中)
Plants cannot run or hide, so they need other strategies to avoid being eaten. Some curl up their leaves, and others generate chemicals to make themselves taste bad if they sense animals drooling on them, chewing them up or laying eggs on them—all signals of an attack. New research now shows some flora can feel a plant-eating animal well before it launches an attack, letting a plant prepare preemptive (先发制人的) defense that even works against other pest species.
When ecologist John Orrock of the University of Wisconsin-Madison sprayed(喷洒) snail slime—a liquid the animals release as they slide along—onto soil, nearby tomato plants appeared to notice. They increased their levels of an enzyme (酶), which is known to prevent plant-eating animals. “None of the plants were ever actually attacked,” Orrock says. “We just gave them cues that suggested an attack was coming, and that was enough to cause big changes in their chemistry.”
Initially Orrock found this defense worked against snails; in the latest study, his team measured the slimy warning s impact on another potential threat. The investigators found that hungry caterpillars (毛虫), which usually eat tomato leaves greedily, had no appetite for them after the plants were exposed to snail slime and activated their chemical resistance. “This nonspecific defense may be a strategy that benefits the plants by further improving their overall possibilities of survival,” says Orrock, who reported the results with his colleagues in March in Oecologia.
The finding that a snail s approach can cause a plant response that affects a different animal made Richard Karban curious, a plant communications expert, who was not involved in the study. “It is significant that the plants are responding before being damaged and that these cues are having such far-ranging effects,” Karban says. “The research was comprehensive,” he adds, but he wonders how the tomato plants felt chemicals in snail slime that never actually touched them.
“That s the million-dollar question,” Orrock says. He hopes future research will find out the mechanisms that enable plants to sense these relatively distant cues.
1.John Orrock sprayed a liquid onto soil near tomato plants to　　　　.
A.give them a warning　　　B.make them grow better
C.keep plant-eating animals away　　　D.inform plant-eating animals of danger
2.Why is the example of “caterpillars” mentioned in Paragraph 3
A.To introduce another animal.　　　B.To confirm the result of the study.
C.To appeal to people to protect animals.　　　D.To analyze different resistance chemicals.
3.What does Richard Karban really want to know
A.What the finding of the research is.　　　B.What the chemicals in the snail slime are.
C.Whether the research is of practical value.　　　D.How tomato plants become aware of danger.
4.What can be a suitable title for the text
A.Watchful Plants　　　B.Greedy Animals
C.A Snail s Approach　　　D.Defense Against an Attack
Ⅱ.七选五
(2023浙江A9协作体期中)
Why Do Dogs Roll in the Grass
　　If your dog is anything like mine, she loves rolling around in a patch of grass whenever she gets a chance. And it always cracks me up to watch my dog, Nala, have the time of her life. 　1　 Is she cooling herself off Is she just super happy What could it be Here are some of the most common explanations behind this behavior.
　2　 It s important to remember how incredibly powerful your dog s nose is. They are picking up on hundreds of subtle scents(气味) that we can t even comprehend! Sometimes they want to enjoy a scent they ve found in the grass and will roll around in it to do just that.
She s cooling herself off. 　3　 It might even be a little wet from a sprinkler—the perfect place for your dog to cool off in.
She s covering up her own scent. There s another reason why your pup may be rolling around in that patch of grass. Some experts hold the view that dogs may roll around in the grass to cover their own scent. 　4　
She s scratching an itch(挠痒). It s good to rule out any allergies and make sure your dog isn t rolling quickly to scratch a constantly itchy back or side, but otherwise, it s probably normal that she s having a good time.
　5　 I m not sure about you, but now I m even thinking about joining mine next time.
A.She s having fun.
B.She s enjoying a smell.
C.But I ve always wondered why she actually does it.
D.If it s a particularly hot day, the grass may look extra appealing to your dog.
E.It is not uncommon to see dogs rolling around in the grass at particular times of the year.
F.In other words, they want to smell like the environment so they don t scare off prey (猎物).
G.If you notice your dog rolling around in the grass, it s probably just her having the best time ever.
1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2024四川凉山州安宁河联盟期中)
Many years ago, I had an unforgettable experience. As I walked through the farmer s 　1　, my eyes were immediately drawn to a basket of strange fruits, almost alien-looking fruits. They were a far cry from the perfectly shiny, round things we were used to seeing in supermarkets. Feeling curious, I 　2　 the seller and asked about these strange fruits.
With a 　3　 smile, the seller explained that these 　4　 were heirloom varieties (传家宝品种), which were 　5　 through generations. They may not 　6　 society s standards (标准) of beauty, but their wonderful taste was 　7　 by those who enjoyed the true nature of food. Because I was 　8　 about the seller s enthusiastic explanation, I decided to give them a try.
As we 　9　 the strange fruits, we felt they were incredibly delicious and made us feel really happy. Each bite was bursting with an intensity of taste we had never 　10　 before. The fruits were juicy, sweet, and possessed the complexity that stayed on our tongues. It was as if they held the very essence of nature s presents.
This encounter taught us a(n) 　11　 lesson about the importance of looking beyond the fruit s 　12　 and embracing the beauty of 　13　. In a world filled with uniformity (一致性), we had 　14　 the true value of uniqueness. These untraditional fruits were a reminder that 　15　 and quality often exist in the unexpected.
1.A.house　　　B.field
C.market　　　D.garden
2.A.believed　　　B.approached
C.punished　　　D.found
3.A.bitter　　　B.warm
C.strange　　　D.cold
4.A.fruits　　　B.plants
C.flowers　　　D.trees
5.A.looked for　　　B.talked about
C.given up　　　D.passed down
6.A.meet　　　B.maintain
C.generate　　　D.break
7.A.improved　　　B.suspected
C.appreciated　　　D.forgot
8.A.nervous　　　B.anxious
C.uneasy　　　D.curious
9.A.bought　　　B.ate
C.harvested　　　D.grew
10.A.experienced　　　B.remembered
C.liked　　　D.covered
11.A.boring　　　B.meaningless
C.valuable　　　D.imaginative
12.A.quality　　　B.appearance
C.origin　　　D.price
13.A.life　　　B.simplicity
C.art　　　D.imperfection
14.A.doubted　　　B.added
C.discovered　　　D.stressed
15.A.color　　　B.cost
C.weight　　　D.taste
答案与分层梯度式解析
Unit 5　Revealing nature
Part 2　Using language
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.giant　2.blame　3.characteristics　4.primitive
5.declined　6.worldwide
Ⅱ.题型(一)
1.had met　句意:这是他第一次遇见如此奇怪的人。在“It was the first time that...”句型中,that从句常用过去完成时。
2.had started　句意:我发现讲座难听懂,因为我到达时它已经开始了。“到达”是过去的动作,“讲座开始”发生在“我到达”之前,表示“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时。
3.had become　句意:到公元前一百年左右,丝绸已经成为丝绸之路沿线交易的主要商品之一。设空处作句子的谓语,时间状语为“by+过去的时间”,故用过去完成时。
4.had stood　句意:在院子里挺立了三百年的老橡树突然倒了。stand表示的动作发生在fell 表示的动作之前,故设空处用过去完成时。
5.had hoped　句意:我本来希望今年度个假,但我没法离开。 hope、 expect、 suppose、 think、 want、 intend等动词的过去完成时表示过去未实现的希望、设想或打算。
6.was told/has been told　句意:萨拉被告知她将成为英国新的超模,明年将赚一百万美元。根据语境可知Sarah与tell之间为被动关系,故用被动语态。此处既可以用一般过去时态表示过去发生的动作,也可以用现在完成时态,表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响。
7.entered　句意:他进入房间,打开灯读晚报。分析句子可知,句中and连接三个并列的谓语动词。由turned on和read可知,此处应用一般过去时,故填 entered。
8.had expected　句意:他没有像我期望的那样着手做新的工作,而是又检查了一遍先前的工作。根据句意可知,expect动作发生在examined之前,表示“过去的过去”,故用过去完成时。
9.had put　句意:真讨厌!我刚把电话放下,它又响了。根据句意可知,从句谓语动词所表示的动作发生在主句谓语动词rang所表示的动作之前,故从句时态应使用过去完成时,故填had put。
10.had driven　句意:如果他们再多开几千米,他们可能会找到更好的旅馆。由句意可知,此处使用了与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,if引导的从句应用过去完成时。
题型(二)
1.sank　句意:因此,当它第一次航行就沉没时,这个消息使每个人都大吃一惊。根据主句中的surprised可知此处讲述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。
2.was sailing　句意:在它航行的第五天,当它全速驶向纽约时,撞上了冰山。此处表示在过去某段时间正在进行的动作,因此用过去进行时。
3.had received　句意:船长收到了关于冰山的警告,(但)他没理会这些警告。dismiss动作发生在过去,receive动作发生在dismiss之前,因此用过去完成时。
4.dismissed　句意见上题。根据语境可知此处是过去发生的动作,故应用一般过去时。
5.had hit　句意:它在灾难发生前两个多小时撞上了冰山。根据上文“At 2:20 am, the Titanic sank into the sea.”可知hit动作发生在sank into the sea之前,因此用过去完成时。
6.survived　句意:1,500多人丧生,只有710人幸存。根据并列分句中的lost可知此处应用一般过去时。
7.had searched/searched　句意:探险家罗伯特·巴拉德花了数年才找到泰坦尼克号。search动作发生在found之前,因此可以用过去完成时。此外,before表示的先后关系非常明显,所以此处用一般过去时也是对的。
8.had caused　句意:罗伯特设法用他的相机拍下了导致船下沉的船舷上的洞的照片。managed动作发生在过去,cause动作发生在managed之前,表示“过去的过去”,因此设空处用过去完成时。
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。研究发现,一些植物可以在被攻击前很好地感觉到攻击者,这让植物准备了先发制人的防御,甚至可以对抗其他有害物种。
1.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中“We just gave them cues that suggested an attack was coming, and that was enough to cause big changes in their chemistry.”可知,John Orrock在西红柿植株附近的泥土上喷洒液体的目的是给予植物一种警告,让它们能够产生自我保护性反应。故选A。
2.B　推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Initially Orrock found this defense worked against snails; in the latest study, his team measured the slimy warning s impact on another potential threat.(最初,Orrock发现这种防御方法对蜗牛有效;在最新的研究中,他的团队估量了这种黏液警告对另一种潜在威胁的影响。)”可推知,文中提到毛虫的例子是为了验证这一点,即确认研究的结果。故选B。
3.D　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的 “but he wonders how the tomato plants felt chemicals in snail slime that never actually touched them”可知,他想知道西红柿植株是如何感受到蜗牛黏液中的化学物质,而这些化学物质从未真正接触过它们。由此可推断出Richard Karban想知道西红柿植株是如何感知危险的,故选D。
4.A　主旨大意题。
Para. 1 新的研究表明,一些植物能感知到动物即将发动的攻击,并准备好先发制人的防御。
Para. 2 John Orrock的研究过程及其发现。
Para. 3 以毛虫为例,进一步验证植物能产生防御。
Para. 4 没有参与这项研究的植物通信专家Richard Karban对这一发现感到好奇。
Para. 5 Orrock希望未来的研究能够找出使植物能够感知这些相对较远的信号的机制。
从各段落的主旨来看,本文主要介绍的是有关植物的科学研究,研究发现植物有对外在威胁或攻击的自我保护性反应。由此可知,A项“Watchful Plants(警觉的植物)”适合作文章标题。
【高频词汇】　1.lay vt.产(卵);下(蛋)　2.attack n.& v.攻击　3.defense n.防御　4.measure v.测量;估量
5.potential adj.潜在的,可能的　6.threat n.威胁
7.appetite n.食欲　8.be exposed to接触;暴露于
9.be involved in参与
【差距词汇】　1.curl (sth.) up(使)形成紧紧的卷曲状
2.drool v.垂涎;淌口水　3.activate vt.激活
4.mechanism n.机制;方法
长难句　原句　The finding that a snail s approach can cause a plant response that affects a different animal made Richard Karban curious, a plant communications expert, who was not involved in the study.
分析　本句为主从复合句。“that a snail s approach can cause a plant response”为that引导的同位语从句,说明finding的内容;“that affects a different animal”为that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词a plant response;“a plant communications expert”作Richard Karban的同位语;“who was not involved in the study”为who引导的定语从句,修饰先行词Richard Karban。
译文　蜗牛的接近会引起植物的反应,影响到一种不同的动物,这一发现让没有参与这项研究的植物通信专家Richard Karban感到好奇。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了小狗在草地上打滚的原因。
1.C　过渡句。根据“Is she cooling herself off Is she just super happy What could it be ”可知,空后提出了一些问题,说明空处为作者一直在想为什么小狗要在草地上打滚。C项“但我一直想知道它到底为什么这么做。”符合语境。
2.B　主旨句。根据空后内容可知,本段介绍小狗在草地上打滚的原因之一是它们喜欢草地上的气味。B项“它正在享受一种味道。”适合作为本段的主旨句。B项中的“enjoying a smell”和下文中的“enjoy a scent”相呼应。
3.D　细节句。根据设空处前后文可知,小狗在草地上打滚的原因之一是天气热的时候,草地上比较凉快。D项“如果天气特别热,草地可能会对你的狗特别有吸引力。”符合语境。D项中的“a particularly hot day”是前文中“cooling herself off”的原因。
4.F　细节句。根据“Some experts hold the view that dogs may roll around in the grass to cover their own scent.”可知,空处需要进一步说明为什么小狗需要在草地上打滚来掩盖自己的气味。F项“换言之,它们想让自己的味道闻起来像环境的味道,这样就不会吓跑猎物。”符合语境。
5.G　细节句。根据“I m not sure about you, but now I m even thinking about joining mine next time.”可知,此处总结狗在草地上玩的时候应该是它最开心的时光。G 项“如果你注意到你的狗在草地上打滚,那可能只是它有史以来最好的时光。”符合语境。
【高频词汇】　1.cool sb. off使某人感到凉爽;使冷静　2.incredibly adv.难以置信地,非常地　3.comprehend v.理解　4.cover vt.掩盖　5.uncommon adj.不常有的,罕见的
【差距词汇】　1.crack sb. up使某人大笑起来　2.pick up on领略;意会;意识到　3.rule out排除
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。作者在市场上偶然见到一种从未见过的水果,长相奇怪却味道香甜。作者感悟到我们要超越事物的外表,拥抱不完美的美。这些非传统的水果提醒我们,味道和品质往往存在于意想不到的地方。
1.C　根据下文“Feeling curious, I 　2　 the seller and asked about these strange fruits.”可知,作者和卖水果的人交谈,由此可知,作者是在农贸市场(market)上见到了一种奇异的水果。
2.B　根据“asked about these strange fruits”可知,作者走到水果摊贩面前,想要更多地了解这种水果。believe相信,认为;approach靠近,接近;punish惩罚;find发现。
3.B　根据下文“Because I was 　8　 about the seller s enthusiastic explanation”可知,卖家很耐心地做了解答,说明卖家很热情。enthusiastic一词意为“热情的,充满激情的”,与warm意思相近。bitter令人痛苦的;strange奇怪的;cold冷漠的。
4.A　根据第一段中“...my eyes were immediately drawn to a basket of strange fruits, almost alien-looking fruits.”及“asked about these strange fruits”可知,作者是向卖家询问了解一种水果,卖家应该是向作者介绍这种水果(fruits)。
5.D　根据空前“heirloom varieties”及空后“through generations”可知,这个水果品种是卖家家族代代传承(passed down)至今的。look for寻找;talk about谈论;give up放弃。
6.A　句意:它们可能不符合社会的审美标准,但它们美妙的味道却被那些享受食物真正本质的人欣赏。该空动词的宾语是society s standards of beauty,因此A项“meet(符合)”符合语境。maintain保持,维持;generate产生,创造;break打破。
7.C　设空处的主语是their wonderful taste,动作发出者是those who enjoyed the true nature of food,由此可知,享受食物真正本质的人对这种水果的味道应该是赞赏(appreciated)的。improve提高,改进;suspect猜想,怀疑;forget忘记。
8.D　根据下文“I decided to give them a try”可知,听了卖家的介绍之后作者特别想尝试一下这种水果,这说明作者很好奇(curious)。nervous紧张的;anxious焦虑的;uneasy担心的。
9.B　根据“we felt they were incredibly delicious”及“Each bite was bursting with an intensity of taste...”可知,作者介绍水果的味道,应该是吃到了(ate)这种水果。buy买;harvest收获;grow种植。
10.A　句意:每一口都充满了我们之前从未体验过的强烈味道。根据常识可知,食物的味道应该是自己亲身体验,亲口品尝。experience体验,经历;remember记得;like喜欢;cover覆盖。
11.C　下文“In a world filled with uniformity...in the unexpected.”这两句话是作者从这次经历中感悟到的,是对今后人生起到指导作用的、很宝贵的(valuable)教训。boring乏味的;meaningless无意义的;imaginative富有想象力的。
12.B　根据第一段中“a basket of strange fruits, almost alien-looking fruits”及第9空后“incredibly delicious”和“The fruits were juicy, sweet, and possessed the complexity that stayed on our tongues.”可知,这种水果虽然外表怪异,味道却极好,所以作者认为应该越过事物不完美的外表(appearance)去认识本质。quality质量;origin起源;price价格。
13.D　根据第一段中“They were a far cry from the perfectly shiny, round things we were used to seeing in supermarkets.”可知这种水果的外表不完美,不符合大众审美标准。故此处表示“我们要超越水果的外表,拥抱不完美(imperfection)的美”。life生活;simplicity简单;art艺术。
14.C　句意:在一个充斥着千篇一律的(事物的)世界里,我们发现了独特性的真正价值。该空动词的宾语是the true value of uniqueness,这里指在生活中发现了(discovered)与众不同之物的真正价值。doubt怀疑;add添加,补充;stress重读,强调。
15.D　作者从这种外表奇怪的水果中品尝到了极美妙的味道,超越外表认识到这种水果的真正品质。所以这里taste(味道)与quality并列是符合语境的。 color颜色;cost花费,成本;weight重量,体重。
【高频词汇】　1.enthusiastic adj.热心的　2.encounter n.偶遇,邂逅　3.embrace vt.欣然接受　4.reminder n.引起回忆的事物;提醒人的事物
【熟词生义】　draw vt.吸引(注意力)
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)