2025译林版高中英语选择性必修第一册同步练习题--Unit 1　Part 3 Extended reading, Project, Assessment & Further study（含答案与解析

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2025译林版高中英语选择性必修第一册
Unit 1　Food matters
Part 3　Extended reading, Project, Assessment & Further study
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.This 　　　　(概念) has been successfully applied to many fields.
2.(2021新高考Ⅰ)The amazing food is mainly 　　　　(吃) by local farmers.
3.(2022天津)When people are depressed, some experience a loss of 　　　　(食欲) while others can't stop eating.
4.It is 　　　　(极其重要的) that these application forms should be sent as early as possible.
5.The earthquake caused damage to p　　　　 estimated at $6 million.
Ⅱ.一词多义
(2022浙江)This work expanded my mind in ways that are impossible inside the four walls of a classroom.词性:　　　　　
词义:　　　　
2.Our government is taking effective measures to expand employment for college graduates.　
词性:　　　　　词义:　　　　
3.The reporter expanded on the great damage caused by the flood for the purpose of better rescue work.
词性:　　　　　词义:　　　　
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.This allows them to respond more 　　　　　(appropriate) to the users.
2.(2021北京)The implications of music on overall well-being are really 　　　　　(impress).
3.It's high time that we placed great emphasis 　　　　　 the improvement of food safety.
4.(2024湖南株洲月考)Be willing to embrace new challenges, as they provide opportunities for growth and 　　　　　(innovate).
5.If the pilot project is successful, the programme 　　　　　(expand) to many more cities.
6.　　　　　 is estimated that she needs to do the experiment in the lab for three days.
7.Our country's priority(首要事情) is rightly 　　　　　(stimulate) the economy.
8.Over a third of the population was estimated 　　　　　(have) no access to the health service.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.一些人在压力下崩溃,而另一些人即使有压力也做得很好。
A few people 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, while others do well despite the pressure.
2.He has made so great an improvement that the teachers are very satisfied with him.(句型转换)
→He has made 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 the teachers are very satisfied with him.
3.历史遗迹以其惊人的美丽给作家留下了深刻的印象,这是灵感的重要来源。
Historic sites, which are a great source of inspiration, 　　　　
　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.
4.据说罗伯特在国外读过书,但我不知道他在哪个国家读的书。(一句多译)
①　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 Robert has studied abroad, but I don't know which country he studied in.(it作形式主语)
②Robert 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 abroad, but I don't know which country he studied in. (动词不定式)
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Sichuan hot pots, Nanjing salted duck and Cantonese dim sum are 　1　(tradition) Chinese foods. They are all very famous.
Sichuan hot pots are suitable for the damp, foggy climate where they were invented.Sichuan hot pots are believed 　2　(invent) in the late Qing Dynasty as a way for 　3　(boatman) on the Yangtze River to keep warm during the cold and wet winters. Gradually, it ranges from a simple delicious dish by 　4　(boil) vegetables, chillies and Sichuan peppers in water 　5　 multiple options of soups, vegetables, meats and sauces, appealing to people of different tastes.
Nanjing's most famous food export is salted duck,　6　 is juicy and salty. 　7　 takes several days to prepare each Nanjing salted duck. A local history book from the late Qing Dynasty praised it, 　8　(say) it was without equal.
In Guangzhou, morning tea is 　9　 essential part of the daily routine. Though teahouses 　10　(be) common in China since the Tang Dynasty, the Cantonese innovation of the mid-19th century was to serve tea together with various light dishes,or dim sum. Today Guangzhou's restaurants stimulate customers' appetite with more than a thousand offerings, each more delicate and delicious than the last.
1.　　　　　 2.　　　　　 3.　　　　　 4.　　　　　 5.　　　　　 6.　　　　　 7.　　　　　 8.　　　　　
9.　　　　　 10.　　　　　
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2024江苏盐城八校期中联考)
For Chinese people, nothing is more common than drinking hot water every day. Different 　1　 Westerners' drinking cold water at home or in restaurants, Chinese people are always seen carrying vacuum cups whichever season it is. Why do they have a 　2　(prefer) for hot water
In the past, the authorities suggested 　3　(drink) boiled water to prevent infectious diseases, because it was 　4　(general) considered a way to kill off bacteria(细菌). Even now, equipping hot water dispensers(饮水机) 　5　(recommend) in public places like schools, hospitals and railway stations.
Another reason is Chinese people's eating habits. It's believed that hot water helps keep the body's internal temperature, 　6　 can be beneficial to health by improving blood circulation and digestion. 　7　 is widely accepted in China that drinking a glass of warm water in the morning helps kick-start the digestive system.
Finally, traditional Chinese medicine places great emphasis on the concept of yin and yang,where hot water is considered 　8　(be) yang and cold water yin. It's believed that drinking hot water can balance yin and yang in the body and lead to 　9　(good) overall health in cold weather conditions.
So next time you have a cold, will you still be 　10　(confuse) about a Chinese friend's tip for drinking more hot water
1.　　　　　 2.　　　　　 3.　　　　　 4.　　　　　 5.　　　　　 6.　　　　　 7.　　　　　 8.　　　　　
9.　　　　　 10.　　　　　
Ⅲ.阅读理解
(2024湖南湘西阶段练习)
Parents annoyed by their little ones' picky food choices often sigh in anger, thinking, “They'll grow out of it by college.” Maybe not, suggests a new study from Bowling Green State University in Ohio. Some young people continue their picky eating into early adulthood, often lowering their diets to 10 foods or even fewer. Such a deficient diet can mean they're not getting the fibre(纤维) and vegetables they need, which could be a health problem. The study also suggests picky eaters may also be experiencing other challenges such as social phobias(恐惧症), including around eating. The social phobia is the fear of being judged by others during everyday activities, often generating fear or embarrassment.
For the study, researchers surveyed 488 Midwestern college students. About 40% of the students were identified as picky eaters. And about 65% of those respondents said they ate fewer than 10 foods. “We asked participants to just tell us what challenges picky eating might have had or any benefits they might see, and the answers varied from person to person in terms of what had an effect on them,” said co-author Lauren Dial, a doctoral student at Bowling Green State University at the time of the study.
Many indicated they'd eat less or not at all outside the home. One 19-year-old man said he'd drink water half the time due to his picky eating, according to the study. Another 18-year-old said, “Sometimes there are some awkward comments when I am eating with my girlfriend and her family.” A 23-year-old woman said her parents would get frustrated at her refusal to try the foods she was served.
“Picky eating does have a lot to do with the presentation of foods(how they're presented on a plate), and the texture(口感) of foods,” Dial said, “but there's also fear of trying new foods and that might cause picky eating.” By learning more about picky eating in adults, the researchers said they might be able to determine how best to intervene(干预) before the problem becomes more severe for some people.
1.What can best replace the underlined word “deficient” in Paragraph 1
A.High-fibre.　　　B.Low-fat.　　　C.Balanced.　　　D.Limited.
2.What were the participants asked to do during the research
A.Record how often they eat out.　　　
B.Ignore what influences their eating.
C.Express how picky eating affects them.　　　
D.Count how many kinds of foods they prefer.
3.How does the author mainly develop Paragraph 3
A.By presenting data.　　　B.By making comparisons.
C.By following time order.　　　D.By providing examples.
4.What can be inferred about picky eating in the last paragraph
A.It has something to do with family traditions.
B.It can be easily cured by the researchers.
C.It can have both physical and mental reasons.
D.It often comes along with serious mental illnesses.
Ⅳ.七选五
(2024四川成都树德中学阶段练习)
Most drinks stating that they are fruit-flavored contain no fruit at all, while most of the rest contain only a small quantity of fruit, according to a study carried out by the British Food Commission.
“Shoppers need to check the labels before buying drinks, though sometimes the actual content can be non-existent,” said Food Commission spokesperson Ian Tokelove. “Food production is highly competitive. 　1　 It will increase profits, and consumers won't always realize they are being tricked.” Flavorings focus on the flavors of natural food products such as fruits, meats and vegetables, or creating flavor for food products that do not have the desired flavors. Researchers analyzed the contents of 28 strawberry-flavored products sold in stores. 　2　 Of the 11 products that did contain strawberries, five contained less than one percent of real fruit.
　3　 Let's take jam as an example. Some strawberry-flavored jam was labeled as containing no artificial colors, flavors, or sweeteners, but it contained absolutely no strawberries at all. 　4　 Consumers have the right to know clearly about what they have bought. Under current UK law, food packages do not have to distinguish between natural and artificial flavorings.
“Describing a product as the strawberry flavor and covering the surface of the packet with pictures of strawberries is misleading. 　5　 Unfortunately, it is also legal and widespread,” Tokelove said. “It's time to take measures to protect the consumers' rights.”
A.The products which contain real fruit are popular with people.
B.In addition, products advertised as more natural often contained no fruit.
C.They found that about 60 percent of them didn't contain any fruit at all.
D.If companies can cut their costs by using flavorings, they are likely to do so.
E.It is important and necessary to demand a small amount of flavoring in the products.
F.Actually the product contains just a tiny percentage of strawberries or even no fruit at all.
G.The Food Commission suggested all flavors used in a product should be listed on the wrappers.
1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　
Ⅴ.读后续写
(2022辽宁重点高中协作校期末)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was young, I always enjoyed cooking. Every night I would sit in the kitchen and watch my mother make dinner. I had a toy set of pots and pans, and would copy her actions at the table—pretending to pour in ingredients and mix them excitedly just as she did. On Sundays, my grandmother would make us a huge family dinner. A dish cooked from a charred chicken with flavored sauce enjoyed great popularity with us. Watching her in the kitchen was like watching an artist at work. She never needed a cookbook, and never had to follow a recipe. Everything was second nature. I couldn't wait to learn to cook myself.
So it was no surprise that as an adult I decided to be a chef. I had worked in a number of kitchens over the years, but when I got the chance to be the head chef at a new restaurant, I could not have been more excited.
On the first night the restaurant opened, I proudly put my apron on and prepared for success. Soon, orders came in, and at the kitchen were staff running in every direction. There were many waiters coming in and out, and cooks walking between stations(岗位). It was very exciting, but a bit stressful. There was so much to do and a lot of pressure to do it perfectly. It seemed that the crowd was not slowing down.
I was hurrying to gather ingredients from the shelves and fill the orders when there was a scream from the other side of the kitchen. Looking over, I saw one of the other cooks holding her hand in pain. She had burnt her fingers on a pan. I ran over to help, and as I placed her hand under cold water, a puff of smoke started to rise out of the oven.
“Oh, no!” I screamed. I reached the oven just in time to open the door and see the charred remains of a roast. Placing my hand on my head, I thought the night couldn't get much worse. One of the waiters came into the kitchen, looking very worried. Wiping the sweat off his forehead, he said anxiously, “The guests are asking for the roast.”
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
I stared at the charred roast, anxious to find a solution.



Just then, one of the guests asked to speak to the chef.



答案与分层梯度式解析
Unit 1　Food matters
Part 3　Extended reading, Project,
Assessment & Further study
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.concept　2.consumed　3.appetite　4.essential　
5.property
Ⅱ.1.动词;拓展　句意:这项工作从多方面拓展了我的思维,这在教室的四面墙里是不可能的。
2.动词;增加　句意:我国政府正在采取有效措施增加大学毕业生就业。
3.动词;详述　句意:为了更好地进行救援工作,记者详细介绍了洪水造成的巨大损失。
Ⅲ.1.appropriately　考查副词。设空处作状语修饰动词respond,应用副词。故填appropriately。句意:这使他们能够更恰当地响应用户。
2.impressive　考查形容词。设空处位于系动词后,作表语,应用形容词,故填impressive。句意:音乐对整体健康的影响确实令人印象深刻。
3.on　考查介词。place emphasis on...为固定搭配,意为“重视……”。故填on。句意:是我们高度重视改善食品安全的时候了。
4.innovation　考查名词。分析句子结构可知,此处and连接两个并列的名词,作for的宾语。故填innovation。 句意:要愿意接受新的挑战,因为它们提供了成长和创新的机会。
5.will be expanded　考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知此处应用一般将来时;动词expand与主语the programme之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态。故填will be expanded。句意:如果试点项目取得成功,该计划将扩大到更多的城市。
6.It　考查形式主语。此处为固定句型“It is estimated that...”,意为“据估计……”,其中It作形式主语。故填It。句意:据估计,她需要在实验室里做三天实验。
7.to stimulate　考查动词不定式。此处用动词不定式作表语。故填to stimulate。句意:我们国家的首要任务当然是刺激经济。
8.to have　考查动词不定式。句意:据估计,超过三分之一的人口无法获得医疗保健服务。be estimated to do sth.意为“被估计做某事”。故填to have。
Ⅳ.1.fall apart under pressure　2.such a great improvement that　3. impress writers with their amazing beauty　4.①It is said that　②is said to have studied
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.traditional　考查形容词。设空处修饰名词foods,应用形容词,故填traditional。
2.to have been invented　考查动词不定式。此处为“主语+be believed to do...”结构,表示“(人们)相信/认为……”,且动词invent表示的动作发生在believe表示的动作之前,与其逻辑主语Sichuan hot pots之间构成被动关系,所以应用动词不定式的完成式的被动形式。故填to have been invented。
3.boatmen　考查名词复数。boatman为可数名词,空前无限定词,所以此处应用复数形式,故填boatmen。
4.boiling　考查动词-ing形式。根据前面的介词by可知设空处应用动词-ing形式,故填boiling。
5.to　考查介词。固定搭配range from...to...意为“从……到……变化”。故填to。
6.which　考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰指物的先行词salted duck,设空处在从句中作主语,所以用关系代词which引导定语从句,故填which。
7.It　考查代词。固定句型“It takes some time to do sth.”意为“做某事要花费一些时间”,It作形式主语,故填It。
8.saying　考查动词-ing形式。句中已有谓语动词praised,所以此处需用非谓语动词的形式,book与say之间为主动关系,所以用动词-ing形式作状语,故填saying。
9.an　考查冠词。根据语境可知,早茶是广州人日常生活中不可或缺的一部分,此处表示泛指,且essential是以元音音素开头的单词,所以其前应用不定冠词an。
10.have been　考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子成分可知,设空处作从句的谓语,由从句中的“since the Tang Dynasty”和语境可知此处应用现在完成时,从句主语为teahouses,所以谓语动词应用复数形式,故填have been。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国人喜饮热水的现象及原因。
1.from　考查介词。根据Westerners和Chinese可知,此处是将中西方饮水习惯作比较,be different from为固定短语,意为“不同于……”。故填from。
2.preference　考查名词。have a preference for为固定短语,意为 “偏爱……”。故填preference。
3.drinking　考查动名词。suggest doing sth.意为“建议做某事”。故填drinking。
4.generally　考查副词。设空处作状语,需用副词。故填generally。
5.is recommended　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。主语为动名词短语“equipping hot water dispensers”,和动词recommend之间构成被动关系;结合时间状语Even now可知,此处需用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is recommended。
6.which　考查定语从句。分析句子可知,设空处无提示词,逗号后的部分缺少主语,故推测此处为非限制性定语从句,先行词为整个主句,从句是对主句的补充说明。故填which。
7.It　考查it的用法。此处为“It is widely accepted that...”句型,意为“人们普遍认为……”,注意首字母大写。故填It。
8.to be　考查固定搭配。be considered to be...为固定结构,意为“被认为是……”。故填to be。
9.better　考查形容词的比较级。句意:人们相信,在寒冷的天气里,喝热水可以平衡体内的阴阳,从而使整体健康状况更好。根据语境可知,此处表示对比,应用比较级。故填better。
10.confused 　考查形容词。句意:所以下次你感冒的时候,你还会对中国朋友多喝热水的建议感到困惑吗 be confused about...意为“对……感到困惑”。故填confused。
【高频词汇】　1.common adj.常见的,普遍的　
2.authority n.专家,权威人士　3.internal adj.内部的　
4.place emphasis on...强调/重视……　5.balance v.使平衡　6.overall adj.总体的
【差距词汇】　1.vacuum n.真空　2.infectious adj.传染性的　3.circulation n.血液循环
长难句　原句　It's believed that hot water helps keep the body's internal temperature, which can be beneficial to health by improving blood circulation and digestion.
分析　这是一个主从复合句。It作形式主语,that从句作真正的主语;which引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面整个主句。
译文　人们认为,热水有助于保持身体内部的温度,这可以通过促进血液循环和消化对健康有益。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于大学生的研究,研究表明那些挑食的人不仅会面临健康问题,往往还会面临社交恐惧症等挑战。
1.D　词义猜测题。根据画线词上一句和所在句可知,一些年轻人在成年早期仍然挑食,他们经常把饮食减少为10种甚至更少的食物,这种饮食可能意味着他们得不到所需的纤维和蔬菜。结合选项分析可知,这样一种饮食是指一些年轻人挑食,其饮食的种类非常有限。因此deficient意为“有限的”,与limited意思相近。故选D。
2.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“We asked participants to just tell us what challenges picky eating might have had or any benefits they might see”可知,该研究中参与者需要表达挑食是如何影响他们的。故选C。
3.D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“One 19-year-old man said he'd drink...Another 18-year-old said...A 23-year-old woman said her parents would get frustrated at her refusal to try the foods she was served.”可知,本段作者主要介绍了三个挑食的年轻人的具体事例,所以本段主要是通过举例来展开段落的。故选D。
4.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知,食物的摆盘和口感、对尝试新食物的恐惧都有可能导致挑食。所以推知,挑食既有外在的原因又有心理上的原因。故选C。
【高频词汇】　 1.annoy vt.使恼怒;使生气　2.judge v.评价　3.embarrassment n.尴尬　4.identify v.确认;发现
5.benefit n.优势,益处,成效 vt.使受益 vi.得益于　6.in terms of 就……而言　7.effect n.影响;效果　8.due to由于,因为　9.comment n.评论,意见　10.severe adj.严重的
【差距词汇】　1.grow out of sth.因长大而改掉某习惯　
2.frustrated adj.懊恼的;沮丧的;失意的
长难句　原句　“We asked participants to just tell us what challenges picky eating might have had or any benefits they might see, and the answers varied from person to person in terms of what had an effect on them,” said co-author Lauren Dial, a doctoral student at Bowling Green State University at the time of the study.
分析　引号里面是and连接的并列复合句。在前一分句中what引导宾语从句,作tell的宾语,“they might see”是省略引导词的定语从句,修饰benefits;在后一分句中,what引导宾语从句,作in terms of的宾语。
译文　“我们让参与者只告诉我们挑食可能已经带来的挑战或他们可能会看到的好处,就对他们的影响而言,答案因人而异。”合著者劳伦·戴尔说,她是博林格林州立大学的博士生,当时正在进行这项研究。
Ⅳ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。英国食品委员会的一项研究显示,大多数水果味的饮料只含少量水果或根本不含水果。
1.D　根据上文“Food production is highly competitive.”和下文“It will increase profits”可知,D项“如果公司能够通过使用调味品来降低成本,他们很可能会这样做。”承上启下,激烈的竞争使得公司使用了不正当的方式增加利润,符合语境。故选D。
2.C　根据上下文阐述可知,此处介绍研究人员公布的水果味饮品中水果含量的问题,C项“他们发现,大约60%的产品根本不含任何水果”与上下文意义一致,故选C。
3.B　根据下文列举的果酱的例子可知,此处介绍的是以水果的名义宣传的产品不一定含有水果,所以B项“此外,被宣传为更天然的产品通常不含水果”引领下文,符合语境。故选B。
4.G　根据下文可知,清楚地知道自己购买的产品中含有什么东西,这是消费者的权利,G项“食品委员会建议,产品中使用的所有口味都应在包装上列出。”引起下文,介绍消费者如何享有这个权利,故选G。
5.F　上文指出将产品描述为草莓味,并在包装表面覆盖草莓图片是误导,结合选项可知,F项“实际上,该产品只含有很小比例的草莓,甚至根本不含水果”承接上文,与上文形成因果关系,解释了为什么这样做是一种误导。故选F。
【高频词汇】　 1.state v.陈述,说明　2.label n.标签 v.用标签标明;贴标签于　3.content n.含量　4.competitive adj.竞争的;有竞争力的　5.trick v.欺骗　6.analyze v.分析　7.artificial adj.人工的　8.absolutely adv.绝对地;完全地　9.distinguish vt.& vi.区分,辨别;成为……的特征;认出
长难句　原句　Most drinks stating that they are fruit-flavored contain no fruit at all, while most of the rest contain only a small quantity of fruit, according to a study carried out by the British Food Commission.
分析　本句是while连接的并列复合句。在前一分句中,现在分词短语“stating that they are fruit-flavored”作后置定语,修饰drinks,其中that引导宾语从句,作stating的宾语;“carried out by the British Food Commission”是过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰a study。
译文　英国食品委员会进行的一项研究显示,大多数声称是水果味的饮料根本不含水果,而剩余的大多数饮料只含有少量水果。
Ⅴ.
写作指导
情节线 情感线
故 事 要 素 Time when I was young, on the first night the restaurant opened 迫不及待 兴奋的 骄傲的
Place at home, in the kitchen of a new restaurant
Character my mother, my grandmother, one of the other cooks, a guest, a waiter, I
Reason I got the chance to be the head chef at a new restaurant after growing up, but on the first night the restaurant opened, one of the other cooks in the kitchen burnt her fingers and the roast was burnt.
续表
写作指导
情节线 情感线
情 节 Period 1 “我”从小喜欢坐在厨房里看母亲和奶奶做晚饭,成年后决定成为一名厨师。 有压力的 糟糕的 急切的 激动的 紧张的 惊讶/失望
Period 2 “我”成了一家新餐厅的主厨,在新餐厅开张的第一天晚上,“我”兴奋地准备迎接自己的成功。
Period 3 在厨房里一切紧张有序地进行着,但当“我”在货架上取食材时,另一名厨师的手指被平底锅烫伤了,处理烫伤时烤箱里的肉又烤焦了,而服务员进来告诉“我们”客人急着要烤肉。
续 写 方 向 Para. 1 I stared at the charred roast, anxious to find a solution.
①“我”盯着烤焦的肉,想到了什么解决办法 重做菜肴还是改变菜肴 ②这么做的灵感来自哪里 (回归文章找线索)
Para. 2 Just then, one of the guests asked to speak to the chef.
①客人要求和厨师说话,“我”是什么心情 ②客人对这道菜是什么评价
One possible version:
　　I stared at the charred roast, anxious to find a solution. Suddenly, its smell dragged me back to a family dinner, when my grandmother cooked a delicious dish from a charred chicken. Letting out an excited scream, I cooked like an artist just in the way she did. I mixed vinegar with sugar to make a kind of sauce and then poured it onto the roast. Finally, the waiter served a flavored roast to the guests. “What if the guests don't like the dish ” I thought to myself.
Just then, one of the guests asked to speak to the chef. Never before in my life had I sunk into such a nervous situation. I followed the waiter, my heart in my mouth. To my surprise, the guest stood up and held my hands. “Thanks for bringing the taste of the hometown back to me,” she said in excitement. Beyond my expectations, the first night as the head chef turned out to be a great success. With a brand-new outlook, I returned to the kitchen and continued to brighten people's lives with delicious food.
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