2024年牛津译林中考英语考前知识点复习

中考英语备考建议
考场应试篇
平常心对待，按部就班复习，竭尽全力，尽力了就是问心无愧。
认真审题，越是简单的题目和考点，越是要注意细节，尤其阅读中带有not的题目，考试时做好圈画，提醒自己不要因为看错而失分。
两先两后，先做基础题和中等题，后做难题；先做熟悉的题型，后做生僻新颖的题型。时刻记住“人易我易，我不大意；人难我难，我不畏难。”
一慢一快，审题要慢，做题要快，包括书写速度上，保证工整度的情况下可以行云流水，不纠结拖拉。
仔细检查，自己的考试信息，答题选择部分每个选项是否填上去，是否填对；填空部分是否有拼写错误，作文部分给自己预留15-20分钟进行腹稿和誊写，最后给自己3-5分钟左右进行查漏补缺。
题型篇
单选：瞻前顾后，联系上下文，根据选项确定考点范围
检查固定搭配和常用句型，积累谚语和日常交际用语
检查语境、语法、找准关键词
代入复查，分析结构，谨防陷阱。
完形填空：主要考察词性、固定搭配、固定结构、词义辨析和语意理解。需要通读、对照和检查。先做自己有把握的题目，模棱两可的做好标记以便复查。
阅读理解：认真阅读题干、明确答题要求，谨慎文字陷阱（例如true,not true）;
有图片和表格的优先查看，初步熟悉文章内容；先看题目题干了解主要内容
主旨大意题需要纵览全文，不可只看某一段落形成一家之见，每段需要捕捉主题句。
推断题需要深度推理，吃透文章表层意思，根据上下文把握脉络，不能用自己观点代替作者观点，常考察作者态度观点、文章出处、总结归纳。
词义猜测题注意一些过渡词语，例如this is\that is\in other words，它们也是一种同义解释。注意同义词近义词同位语定语等成分。
常见考点：列举例子地方常考细节题；转折处；数字和年代；因果句常考推断题；段落中心句常考主旨大意题；特殊标点（例如“”）常考细节题。
蒙题策略：体现中心思想的大部分是答案；重复出现原句的，大部分都是错的，正确答案喜欢同义句转换；题干过于决定的一般都是错的；字面意思一般不是答案，含义深刻的大部分是答案
综合填空：先判断填实词还是虚词，实词套用词汇填空和动词填空的方法，虚词以冠词、介词、连词为主。
词汇填空：中文题---注意生僻词义；注意混淆中文；注意介词的一词多义现象。
英文题---注意词性转换、词形变换.
动词填空：分辨是谓语还是非谓语，非谓语的固定搭配有哪些；谓语的时态语态是否注意。
蒙题策略：基本上谓语和非谓语的考察比例是3:2 或者4:1，时态方面一般过去时、过去进行时、现在完成时概率较高、一般将来时喜欢和状语从句结合、一般现在时出现在主将从现和客观真理、现在进行时注重语境。被动喜欢和双宾语结构或者动词短语结合
7.翻译：找到考察短语确定好得分点；注意时态人称；疑问句和感叹句一律先变成陈述句再变换
预祝孩子考的全会，蒙的全对，加油！
中考英语知识点复习
词汇
一、冠词
1. 当 “u”含/j/发音时，用冠词 “a”： a useful book; a university; a European country; a used car
当 “u”发/ / 时，用冠词 “an”： an unusual/ unlucky/ unhappy/uncommon day
2. 数字前用冠词 “an” 的：an 8-metre-long river (还有数字：18, 80,800…; 11)
3. 字母前用冠词 “an” 的：an “A” / “E”/ “F”/ “H”/ “I”/ “L”/ “ M”/ “N”/ “O”/ “R”/ “S”/ “X”
4. 序数词用用冠词 “a” 的：a second child/ time = another child/ time (强调“又一”)
5. what感叹句中不用冠词的不可数名词有：weather, information, news, music, food, juice, advice,fun…
但抽象名词具体化一定要注意：What a good time they are having! What a great success!
6. 对比：by the sea (在海边) by sea= by ship (乘船)
7. 替换：by car= in a /one’s car; by bike= on a/one’s bike; by plane/air= on a plane
二、名词
1. 以“o”结尾的单数名词变复数+es的：两人(hero, negro) 两菜 (tomato, potato) 一水果 (mango)
2. 复数名词所有格：以“s”结尾的只加 ( ’ ) 如：Teachers’ Day
不以“s”结尾的加 ( ’s ) 如：Women’ s Day
3. A and B’s 指两人共有；A’s and B’s 指两人各自拥有
4. noise (n.)—noisy(adj.)—noisily (adv.)
luck (n.)—lucky (adj.)—luckily (adv.) /unlucky (adj.)—unluckily (adv.)
success (n.)—successful (adj.)—successfully (adv.)—succeed (v.)
5.某国人变复数口诀：中日不变，英法变，其余-s加后面。
Chinese –Chinese Japanese-Japanese
Englishman-Englishmen Frenchman-Frenchmen
American-Americans Australian-Australians German-Germans human-humans
代词
都 都不 任何一个 每一个
两者 both neither either each
两者以上 all none any each/every
不定代词
Li Lei isn’t a teacher, Li Hai isn’t a teacher , either. =Neither is Li Hai.
1. either side of the road= both sides of the road; (either 二择一+单名；both 二者都+复名)
each/ every side of the square= all the sides of the square
(each/every 三中每一+单名；all三者都+all+复名)
四、介词
1. 表“位于”的介词：in 含；on邻；to相望
2. 时间前的介词：on the morning /afternoon/ evening of June 1st; on a hot(adj.) summer evening;
on Christmas Day; at Christmas
All the boys, including/ except Jim have been to Beijing.
Jim, like / with/ as well as his parents has been to Beijing.
A with/like/as well as/ including/ except B, 做主语，V谓根据A。
五、数词
1. 300/3000/3,00,00 boys
several hundred/ thousand/ million boys
hundreds of / thousands of/ millions of boys
300/3000/3,00,00 of the students
分数：分子用基数词，分母用序数词；分子≥2,分母+s。
a quarter= one- third; three quarters= three-fourths
Two thirds / Half/ 50％ of an apple is water.
Two thirds / Half/ 50％ of his class are boys.
主语含分数、百分比，谓语动词的单复数由of后的名词决定。
Ten years has passed. “Ten years” 为“形复意单”，强调“10年为一段时间”。
in his twenties / in the 1920s ( nineteen twenties )
表示“几十”的基数词的复数形式可用来表示岁数或某个年代。即将“ty”变成“ties”。
而“ty”结尾的基数词变序数词，是将“ty”变成“tieth”。
6.基数词和序数词
four-fourth forty-fortieth nine-ninth ninety-ninetieth
twelve-twelfth twenty-twentieth
连词
1. both... and... = not... only... 都表示肯定， 前者V相加原则(V复), 后者V就近原则。
neither... nor... 表示否定，V就近原则。
either... or... 表示二择一 ，V就近原则。
unless = if...not
although= though 与but 择一而用，但可以与yet连用。
because 与so 择一而用。
形容词、副词
“ly” 结尾的形容词：lonely, lovely, friendly lively deadly (致命的)
“e”结尾的形容词变副词：
“le”变“ly”：terrible (terribly) , simple, terrible, possible, comfortable, gentle (gently)
“true”变 “truly”, 是特殊的，去“e”+“ly”。
其余的都直接加“ly”：complete (-ly), polite (-ly), free (-ly),
finally = at last = in the end
★副词用法辨析
high表示空间高度 highly表示程度
close接近，靠近 closely仔细地，密切地
wide表示空间宽度 widely广泛地
副词
副词最高级前可省略定冠词the。
too, as well, also 用于肯定句和疑问句，either用于否定句和否定疑问句。
hard adv. 努力(work hard) hardly 几乎不
late adv. 迟(get to school late) lately 最近、近来 latest最新的=up-to-date
high adv. 高（具体jump high） highly 高度地（抽象think highly of）
wide adv. （具体：嘴巴长大，眼睛睁大） widely 广泛地（抽象be used widely）
look happy look happily at…
sometimes=at times=from time to time
some times几次，几倍 sometime某时 some time一段时间
动词
+Ving的动词：finish/ enjoy/avoid/ imagine/ risk/miss/forget(已做过的)/ remember(已做过的)doing
+Ving的动词词组：look forward to doing / have fun doing / have a good time doing / have trouble或difficulty 或problems doing / be used to doing /see, hear, watch sb doing (正在做) / prefer doing to doing/ pay attention to doing/ devote…to doing
+V原的动词词组：had better (not) do ; would rather do than do;
make/hear/notice sb. do(经常做或做过了)
+Ved做宾补的：have sth. done (让sth被做；请别人做某事)
/ make oneself understood (让sb.被他人理解)
5. lie – lay – lain (躺); lie – lied – lied (说谎); lay – laid – laid (放，下蛋)
6. hang – hung – hung (悬挂）； hang – hanged – hanged (绞死)
7. catch,/ teach – caught, caught / taught, taught;
buy, bring, fight – bought, bought/ brought, brought/ fought, fought
过去式、过去分词易错词：
cost-cost-cost cut-cut-cut hit-hit-hit hurt-hurt-hurt spread-spread-spread
fly-flew-flown draw-drew-drawn fall-fell-fallen steal-stole-stolen
lay-laid-laid feel-felt-felt hide-hid-hidden lie-lay-lain
不规则动词分类记忆
buy-bought-bought think-thought-thought
fight-fought-fought bring-brought-brought
catch-caught-caught teach-taught-taught forget-forgot-forgotten
write-wrote-written ride-rode-ridden hide-hid-hidden
动词
borrow sth. from sb.
lend sth. to sb.= lend sb. sth.
keep sth. for +时间段
lie-lied-lied (说谎)
lie-lay-lain(躺)
lay-laid-laid(放；孵蛋)
raise vt. （有被动）
raise the national flag升国旗 raise cows养牛 raise your hand/head举手/抬头 raise money for sb. 为某人募集钱
rise vi. （无被动）
The sun/temperature/price/river rises. 太阳升起/气温/价格/河水上涨
3. 五个感官动词：look, sound, smell, taste, feel
系动词 五个“变”：become, turn, get, grow, go
+adj. 其它：be, seem, fall, keep, stay…
4. 情态动词主要有：can, could, must, have to, should, ought to, may, might, will, shall, need…
5. turn on开；turn off关；turn up音量开大；turn down 音量开小；turn out原来是，结果是；turn … into 把……变成……
6. give up 放弃； give out=hand out分发； give back=return归还
7. put on穿上，上演； put down放下； put off推迟； put away 把…收起来；put in安装； put out扑灭；put up举起，张贴，搭建 put through接通（电话）
8. 穿：wear/be in/ be dressed in
9. Sb looks nice in sth. = Sth looks nice on sb.
10. break down （车辆或机器）出故障，坏了； break into强行闯入；break out爆发
九．特殊疑问词
How long 多久，多长时间，常用于for+时间段或since+时间点的提问，回答用until
How soon 多快，多久之后，用于iｎ＋时间段的提问，回答用not.... until
How often 多长时间一次，用于once/twice/three times a week 等的提问
How far 多远，用于对距离的提问
十、动副和系表
look angry /happy. look angrily/happily at
十一．易混淆的单词：
1. abroad board 2. board bored 3. central centre
4. circle cycle 5. died dead 6. except expect
7. expensive experience 8.farther father 9. fall- fell- fallen feel-felt –felt
10. instruction instrument introduction 11. litter little
12. alive living lively live 13. nature natural 14. palace place
15. population pollution 16. present prevent protect 17. quite quiet
18. rise raise 19. reduce refuse 20. repeat report
21. smell smile 22. snack snake 23. thirsty thirty
24. through though thought 25. passenger passage 26. model medal modern
十二．前缀、后缀
1.前缀：dis- un- ir- im- in- 构成反义词
un – unable uncertain uncomfortable unimportant uninteresting unhappy unkind
unlucky unfair unfriendly unhealthy unkind unpleasant untidy unusual unknown
unsure
in – inactive incorrect incomplete indirect
im – impatient impossible impolite improper
dis – dishonest disagreement disagree dislike disorder disappear discover
ir – irregular
en - encourage
2.加后缀构成名词：-tion -ness -ist -ment
– ment: entertainment agreement advertisement achievement development treatment
– ist: artist tourist science-scientist piano-pianist
– ness: kindness darkness blindness sadness busy-business carelessness sickness carelessness illness
–tion: introduce-introduction donate-donation communicate-communication operate-operation contribute-contribution direct-direction educate-education organize-organization celebrate-celebration compete-competition pollute-pollution graduate-graduation pronounce-pronunciation invent -invention invite-invitation suggest-suggestion collect-collection celebrate-celebration
– sion: conclude-conclusion decide-decision discuss-discussion
注意：decision conclusion discussion invitation pronunciation
3.加后缀构成形容词：-ful -less -ive -able -ern
-tive: active attractive creative
– able: comfortable suitable value-valuable
– ful: forgetful cheerful careful successful harmful meaningful useful helpful colourful hopeful tasteful
–less: careless homeless helpless useless meaningless cheerless endless hopeless sleepless tasteless
– y: wealthy rainy windy cloudy snowy sleepy lucky healthy fun-funny noise-noisy
sun-sunny fog-foggy shine-shiny taste-tasty
– ous: dangerous humorous
– ern: eastern southern western northern
– or: director inventor visitor actor （actress女演员） survive-survivor
–ly: weekly monthly yearly lovely day-daily
– al: traditional international national personal
词组
1. agree with sb 同意
argue with sb 争辩
be angry with sb 生气
2.break down 坏了
break out 爆发
break into 闯入
3.give up 放弃
give in 屈服
give out 散发
give away 捐赠
4.hear of 听说
hear from收到来信
hear sth.听到
listen to听
5.keep away from远离
keep …from阻止
keep off使止步
keep on继续
6.look over检查
look through浏览
look up抬头，查找
7.look for寻找
find找到
find out找出
8.carry on继续
carry out执行，开展
9 .learn about了解
learn from sb.向。。。学习
10.prevent from阻止
protect from保护
11.put away收拾
put up挂，举手
put out扑灭
put off 推迟
put on 穿上
put in 安装
12.take off脱掉，起飞
take over接收（管）
take down记下
take away拿走
take care当心
take care of照顾
13.think of想到
think about考虑
think over思考
14.turn on打开
turn off关掉
turn up调高
turn down调低
turn to 转向
turn around转身
turn out 原来是
turn into变成
15.show around带领参观
show off炫耀
show up 出现
e over to顺便来访
come up with想出
come up to 上前来
come out (花)开，出版
17.cut in 打断，插嘴
cut out 剪出、切出（形状）
cut into (halves)切成两半
cut…short缩短
18.go over 复习
go on继续
go by（时间）流逝
go through通过
go up/down上升/下降
19.dress up打扮起来
dress oneself/sb.给…穿衣
be dressed in穿着
20.try on 试穿
try out for参加选拔
21.go through通过
look through浏览
put through接通
22.used to do过去常常
be used to do/as/by/for被用来
get/be used to doing习惯于
23.in one’s way挡路
on one’s way 在。。路上
by the way顺便说一下
in some ways在某种程度上
come on 加油，快
语法
不用被动语态。
1. 主动形式表被动意义。如：sell well、write smoothly、wash easily、
smell good
2. 一些动词词组无被动：break out、take place
3. want, require, need后面加动名词用主动表示被动含义。
4. be worth doing用主动形式表示被动含义。
二．接doing
部分动词后面跟动名词做宾语
顺口溜记忆：
完成实践值得忙 （finish, practise, be worth, be busy）
继续习惯别放弃（keep on , be used to , give up）
考虑建议不禁想（consider, suggest, can’t help, feel like）
喜欢思念要介意（enjoy, miss, mind ）
have trouble/problems/difficulty (in) doing sth.
spend some time /money (in) doing sth.
部分动词后面可跟动词原形或ing 如：hear, see, notice, watch ,look,
部分动词后面可跟动词原形: make/have/let sb. do (get sb to do)
其它有关动名词的短语
pay attention to doing sth (关注做某事)
look forward to doing sth ( 盼望做某事)
get /be used to doing sth （习惯于做某事）
devote …to doing sth 把…用于做某事
prefer doing sth to doing sth 比起（后者）更愿意做某事（前者）
have problems /trouble/difficulty doing sth 做某事有困难
have fun /a good time doing sth 有乐趣的做某事
have (no)time to do
sth needs/wants /requires doing 某件事需要（被）做
be worth doing 某事值得一做
succeed in doing sth 成功的做某事
stop /prevent sb (from ) doing sth 阻止某人做某事
keep sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事
keep sb doing sth 让某人持续做某事
keep (on ) doing sth /carry on doing sth.继续，重复做某事
stop doing sth 停止（正在做的）某事
stop to do sth 停下来（原来做的某事）做另一件事
remember doing sth 记得做过某事 （做了，记住了）
remember to do sth 记得要做某事 （还没做）
forget doing sth 忘记做过某事 （做了，忘记了）
forget to do sth 忘记要做某事（还没做）
go on doing sth 继续做某事（同一件事）
go on to do sth 继续（接着）做（另一件）事
feel like doing,
finish doing,
enjoy doing,
mind doing,
risk doing,
avoid doing,
practice doing,
miss doing,
suggesting doing ,
devote…to doing sth,
look forward to doing,
pay attention to doing,
be used to doing,
prefer doing to doing ,
can’t stop/stop doing,
be well worth doing,
be busy doing,
be used for doing thank sb for doing,
give up doing==drop doing ,
consider doing,
regret doing
题型
一．选择题易错考点
1 冠词
a one-hour walk, an 18-year-old man, a European country, a university,
The boy next door is friendly.
2 介词
理解句意，固定搭配
in January/ February/ March/ April/ May/ June/ July/ August/ September/ October/ November/ December
in the morning/ afternoon/ evening
on Wednesday morning
3 连词
主将从现 (if, as soon as, not…until)
when/while （when接短用ed，while接长ing）
since(既然，由于，自从), unless=if not(除非，如果不), whatever(无论什么) , however（但是，不管怎么样）, though/ although(虽然)
not only…but also, either…or…, neither…nor…(就近原则)
4 代词
that/ those （比较时that指代前面提到的单数或不可数名词，those指代前面的名词复数）
it (指代不定式，做形式主语或宾语) make it easier to take action
it/ one (it指代同一个，one指代同一类)
one, the other（两者之中的另一个）/ another（三者或三者以上的另一个；再，又）/Some…, some…, and others…/ other+复数=others/other things=else
either, neither, none, all
5 情态动词
can’t be… 不可能是… must be… 一定是… mustn’t禁止
May I … Must I…. 的肯定和否定回答
6 短语辨析，词意辨析
7 时态语态
（1）现在完成时，注意短暂动词和延续性词的转换
（2）过去进行时，注意是过去的时间点或时间段内发生的动作，一定要看上下文意思
（3）被动语态
8 情景交际，谚语
9 宾语从句
翻译意思— 确定连词— 弄清时态— 陈述语序
任务型阅读解题技巧
解 题 技 巧 (一): 直接获取答案型 —— 信息查找，直取答案
解 题 技 巧 (二): 间接获取答案型 —— 信息转换，提炼新词
解 题 技 巧 (三): 综合归纳型 —— 信息概括，推理总结
信息查找题：对照表格题或短文填空题直接在原文中找到信息；
带着问题有意识地在关键处做标记。
2.信息转换线索： 找出相关语句并仔细比对，分析所需词的形式，进行适当的信息转换。
常见的转换方式： (1)词性转换 (2)句子结构转换 (3)同义词和反义词转换 (4)前缀和后缀转换 (5)另选其它词来释义
mean=stand for
shouldn’t do sth.=avoid doing sth.
provide sb. with sth. =provide sth. for sb.=offer sb. sth.=offer sth to sb
can’t afford to do sth=don’t have money to do sth
decide to do sth-----make a decision to do sth
do harm to-----be harmful to
lead to-----cause-----produce
be supposed to-----should
no matter how-----however
return-----give back/come back
valuable-----be of great value(help, helpful, important, importance)
such as/-----like-----including
wonder-----want to know
weekly-----every week
be sure of-----be certain about
be divided into-----be separated into
There isn’t/aren’t----without
That/which have/has-----with
Sb. who wears-----sb.in/with
work so hard-----hard-working
It takes/took …to do= 人 spend /spent doing
It costs/cost …to do= 人 pay/pays/paid...for doing
3. 信息概括
1. 话题 topic / title/subject
2. 原因 reason (s) for/ cause(s) of / why
3. 结果、影响 result / effect / influence
4. 目的 aim / purpose / goal
5. 方法 way(s)( to)/ method (of)/ How / step(s) /solution(s)
6. 观点 idea(s) / opinion(s) / thought (s) / view
7. 优劣 advantage (s) / disadvantage (s)
8. 结论 conclusion
9. 建议 advice (un)/ suggestion(s) / tip(s)
10. 区别 difference (s)
11. 表示重要性 importance, value
12. 情况/形势 situation
条件 condition
13. 特点/品质 characteristic/personality/quality
14. 成就 achievement
15. 事实 fact
16. 种类 kind/type
17. 材料 material(s)
18. 知识 knowledge
19. 信息 information
20. wh- words: what, who, when, where, which, how
21.差异：difference(s) between…and…
22.关系：relationship with
23..大小： size， shape
24.重要性：importance, value
25. 时间：in the past（在过去），at present（现在），in the future（将来）
26. 其它概括性的词语：the form of…; shape, size, details; furniture 家具（总称）
personal experiences, background information, present situation(s), birth place,
关于个人信息的词：
name, age, place of birth(出生地)，date of birth(出生日期), personality(个性)
细节：detail 文化：culture价值value 重要性importance时期：period 时间 time
花费：cost 价格：price人口：population 天气weather 气候climate
主题：theme 背景：setting，background结尾：ending 历史：history发展：development
(二)短语、单词的转换
1. be of + n 与adj互换
be of importance important
a man of great wealth wealthy
be of great value =valuable
be of help =be helpful
2. 介词短语与副词转换
with excitement excitedly
in a different way differently
in fact actually
in the end at last finally
3. 系表结构与单词的转换
be aware of realize/know
feel sorry for regret
be on fire catch fire
be afraid of be in fear of fear
4. 同义词/短语
want to know wonder
not do avoid doing sth /refuse to do sth
make a decision decide
worry about sth be worried about sth
do sth successfully succeed in doing sth be successful in doing sth
manage to do sth
do harm to be harmful to sth be bad for
the cause of the reason for
more than over
50% a /one second a half
20% one fifth
25% a /one fifth a quarter
advice suggestion(s)
some other +N someone else
make friends build friendship
trust believe in
the highest level of the most
afford sth have enough money to do sth
pass away die
such as including/like
as well also/too
work out solve
offer … to … provide … for/with… give … to…
reach arrive at/in get to
decide make up one’s mind to do…
make… think of … remind …of…
cause lead to
5.其它转换
1. He was seen to steal things here on Thursday evening. 主动语态和被动语态互换
Someone ________him steal things here on Thursday evening.
2.I think people should know that life on Mars would be different from that on the Earth.
…people should know about the ____________between…and that… 宾语从句的转换
3. Read the following tips so that you behave properly and show off China’s best face to visitors who are from other countries. 定语从句的转换
To remind people to behave properly before _________visitors at the Expo.
It is a country which has a long history. = It is a country _________ a long history.
4. There are signs telling you not to smoke, but people ignore them. 状语从句的转换
__________there are signs telling you not to smoke, people ignore them.
Never answer your phone while a performance is going on.
= Never answer your phone _________ a performance.
5. He plans to buy a robot so that he can have more free time.
= He plans to buy a robot ______________ have more free time.
6. He is so young that he can’t go to school alone.
= He is too young to go to school. = He is not old enough to go to school.
7. when he was 16 = at the age of 16 8. because + 句子 = because of + 短语
9. if there is no food = without food 10. remind sb. that 从句= remind sb. of sth.
11. be sure that…= be sure about sth.=…surely 12. be aware of = realize…
13. be possible = the possibility of 14. can do sth. =be able to do = the ability of
15. be important = the importance of 16. people who wear boots= people in boots
17. houses which have gardens= houses with gardens
18. Are you aware how far Mars is away from the Sun
= Are you aware of the distance between Mars and the Sun.
19. I wonder how many people would like to move to Mars.
= I want to know the number of people who would like to move…
20. stand for = represent 21. I’m not sure…= I doubt if / whether…
22. don’t read silently = read aloud 读出声来 23. happen to do = do sth. by accident
24. provide sb. with sth.= provide sth. for sb. = offer sth. to sb. = offer sb. sth.
25. have fun / have a good time doing = enjoy oneself 26. lose one’s way = get lost
26. manage to do = do sth. successfully = succeed in doing = don’t fail to do
27. decide to do = make up one’s mind to do = make a decision to do
28. do sth. for a living = make a living by doing… 29. lead to = cause
30. is bad for us = is harmful to us = do harm to us
31. do sth. to make the waiters pay attention to them 注意名词和其所有格的互换
= do something to attract the waiters’ attention.
32. use a proper way to do = do sth. properly
33. 归纳出：instead of doing, take the place of… 代替
because… , in order that / to, unless 等
34. no matter where=wherever
35. go into=enter give back=return
36.don’t forget to=remember to
（三）句子转换
1. 宾语从句 宾语+宾语补足语。
e.g. He saw that the robot was making breakfast
He saw the robot ______ breakfast.
类似：see, hear, find , notice etc
2. 宾语从句 疑问词+动词不定式。
e.g. The robot no longer knew when it should cook breakfast.
The robot no longer knew when _____ _____ breakfast.
注意：此类转换需宾语从句的主、从句主语一致； why 除外。
3. 结果/目的状语从句 含不定式的简单句。
(1) Mr Jiang is always so busy that he does not have any time for hobbies.
Mr Jiang is always ______ busy ______ have any time for hobbies.
(2) Mr Jiang plans to buy a robot so that he can have more free time.
Mr Jiang plans to buy a robot _____________ have more free time.
4. 状语/宾语/定语从句 含介词短语的简单句。
(1) Neil Armstrong received his student pilot’s licence at the age of 16.
Neil Armstrong received his student pilot’s licence ________ he was 16.
(2) People might float in space because of the low gravity.
People might float in space ________ the gravity is low.
(3) Humans cannot survive if there is no food ,water or oxgen.
Humans cannot survive ________ food ,water or oxgen.
(4) The smell of the pills reminds them that food on the Earth is tasty.
The smell of the pills reminds them ________ tasty food on the Earth .
(5) Are they sure that space travel will be very fast
Are they sure ________ the fast speed of space travel
(6) People might live in houses which have huge comfortbable rooms.
People might live in houses ________ huge comfortbable rooms.
(7) On Mars you might see people who wear special boots.
On Mars you might see people ________ special boots.
词形转换（补充）
1.decide to do = make up one’s mind to do
make a decision/decisions to do
2. be able to …=can/could…= have the ability/abilities…
be possible…=have the possibility/possibilities…
the number of…=population…
3. 3/4=three quarters
be successful =succeed in doing =do sth. successfully=…
a great success
not succeed/pass…=fail…
4. think of= come up with
5. not forget = remember
6. more tha=over
7. as old as =the same age as not the same as =be different from
词性, 句型转换（补充）
realize how important English is. realize the importance of English.
offer him some food. provide him with some food
be of great help /value to be helpful /valuable to
be bad for do harm to be harmful to
The weight of the bag is 5 kilos. The bag weighs 5 kilos.
Live peacefully in the country live in the country in peace
It’s tiring to climb so high. Climbing so high makes me tired.
We live mainly on rice. Our main food is rice.
She is a good writer. She writes novels well.
I like the the film directed by My favourite film director is
They come from Africa. They are African.
She is able to She has the ability to she can
Hepburn achieved a lot in her life. Hepburn had great achievements in her life.
walk across the road cross the road
do an operation on sb / operate on sb
She made her final appearance She appeared for the last time
a girl of beauty a beautiful girl
She didn’t do well because she was careless. She didn’t do well because of her carelessness.
I chose not to leave. I made a choice not to leave.
decide to/ make a decision to / make up one’s mind to
21. reply to / answer 22. come up with /think of
23. How high/ what’s the height of 24. survive /stay alive
25. Sb must do sth / it’s necessary for sb to do sth
26. She may do sth/ she is likely to do sth / she will probably do sth / there is a possibility that she’ll do sth
It’s possible that she will do sth
27. He spent 20 yuan on the book./ She paid 20 yuan for the book. / The book cost him 20 yuan.
28. The boy who wears glasses / the boy with glasses
29. If you study harder, you’ll get high scores./ Studying harder can improve your scores.
30. Many people died because of the fire. / The fire killed many people. / The fire took many people’s lives.
31. Wearing warmer clothes can make her not get ill easily. /
Wearing warmer clothes can prevent her getting ill easily.
32. like reading books better / prefer reading books
33. Sth is too expensive. / sth costs too much. / the price of sth is too high
34. study in another country / study abroad
35. one hundred years / a century, fifteen minutes / a quarter, thirty minutes / half an hour
36. mean / stand for 37. not the same as / be different from / have differences from
38. should / ought to / be supposed to mustn’t / be not allowed to
39. reduce your worries / make you less worried increase your happiness / make you happier
40. It’s getting colder./ The temperature is getting lower. / The temperature has dropped
41. My leg hurts. / I have a pain in my leg.
42. have enough money to do / be rich enough to do / can afford to do
43. be afraid of / fear 44. be aware of /know / realize
45. take notice of /pay attention to 46.. prepare for / get ready for
47. have fun / have a good time / enjoy oneself 48. remember sth. / keep sth. in mind
49. say again / repeat 50. need to be checked / need checking
51. think highly of / praise 52. Lose one’s mind / get mad / lose control
（四）总结性词汇:
title, suggestions / advice, ways / method, type / kind, result / influence/ effect, reason / cause,
aim / purpose / goal, problems, advantages, where /place, time / when/ period, age, achievement
同义词性转换类型（补充）
1. verb—noun
(1) operate on = do/ perform an operation on
(2) decide to do = make a decision to do
2. noun—verb
(1) because of the rain = because it rained
3. noun—adj.
(1) To his surprise, the taste was nice.
= He was __________________ that the taste was nice (surprised)
= It was __________________ for him to find the taste was nice. (surprising)
(2) be of great value = be very valuable
be of great use = be very useful
be of great importance = be very important
(3) popularity(名) popular(形)
4. adj.—noun
(1) Students are all interested in English .
= Students all show an __________________ in English. (interest)
(2) be harmful to = do harm to
5. adj.—adv.
(1) These books can make it easy for you to learn English.
= These books can make you learn English__________________ . (easily)
同义句转换基本形式
1. 同义词组转换
(1) here and there = everywhere
(2) give up doing = stop doing
(3) on the Internet = online
(4) from abroad = from foreign countries
(5) a lot of = lots of = plenty of + 不可数/ 可数名词复数 = many/ much
(6) a number of = many
(7) a great deal of = much
(8) want sb. to be able to relax in comfort = make sb. feel relaxed or comfortable
(9) help you easily do exercise = make __________________ easy/easier to do exercise (it)
(10) reduce your time = spend less time
(11)more than = over ; be different from = be not the same as;
fifteen minutes = a quarter; everyday life = daily life; one hundred years = a century
(12) succeed in (doing) sth = be successful in (doing) sth = have success in (doing) sth
2. 句式转换
(1) Can you tell me how I can get to No.4 Middle School
= Can you tell me how __________________ get to No.4 Middle School (to)
(2.) can’t afford the operation=have trouble affording the operation
(3) so…that (否定) = too… to… = not +adj. (反) + enough + to do
(4) so…that (肯定) = adj. + enough + to do
(5) be sure that 从句= be sure of / about sth
(6) the man who is wearing… = the man in/ wearing…
(7) the man who carried… = the man with… / remind sb of sth.= remind sb. that 从句
(8) live in the house which has comfortable rooms = live in the house with…
(9) be aware of sth = know/ realize that
(10) agree about sth = be in agreement = reach an agreement
(11) sth belong to sb. (宾格) = sth. is sb’s (名词性物主代词)
3. 主动被动语态转换
(1) It’s widely accepted that people use computers .
= Computers are widely __________________ in the world today. (accepted)
4. 时态转换
(1) The manager has been away for two hours.
The manager __________________ two hours ago. (left)
5. 形容词比较级最高级转换
(1) He is the tallest in the class.
= He is __________________ than any other student in the class. (taller)
= He is ________ __________ than the __________ ______ ___in the class.
= The other students are not as __________________ as him.
6. 基数词序数词转换
(1) Lesson One is so easy to read.
= The __________________ lesson is so easy to read.
三．作文
(A) 作文上下文过渡词、词组
用于列举或表明事情发展顺序的：First... Second... Third... Fourth... Finally (Last) ; First of all
表示目的的：so that+句子; in order to +V原
表示递进的：What’s more; Moreover; Besides; In addition, also, too, as well
表示转折的：However, each coin has two sides. / but; or(否则) otherwise(否则)
表示结果的：So; As a result; so... that(结果状语从句)
表示自己观点的： I think... ; In my opinion; In fact (事实上); In general(大体上)
表总结归纳的： In all; In a word
(B) 作文注意事项：
1. 书写工整
2. 时态
3. 分段
4. 词汇、句式（不同句式甚至使用复合句）、衔接、字数、完整性
中考作文：
表顺序：①First, Second, Third ②Firstly, Secondly, Thirdly
③First of all，Besides, At last
④First, Next，Then，Finally
高级词汇的连词：However替换but， Therefore替换so， Otherwise替换or， Also（还有），Besides（除此之外，还有），Moreover（而且，此外），In addition （另外），What’s more（此外，更重要的是）
表建议：We should… We can… We’d better do… It’s a good idea to do…
表观点：In my opinion替换I think
…是重要的/必要的/有意义的句型：It’s important/necessary/meaningful (for sb.) to do…
表总结：In all, In a word, In general, In conclusion
有用句子：Just as the saying goes（正如谚语所说）
However, each coin has two sides. （然而，每件事都有利有弊）
Some students think… While some other students think…
一、书面表达中表示上下文关系的常用短语和词语
表示罗列、增加：first, second; then/next, after that, finally; for one thing…for another; on(the)one hand…on the other hand; besides/what’s more.
表示时间:now, at present, at first, in the beginning, from then on.
表示解释说明：for example, moreover, in fact.
表示转折关系：but, however, otherwise, after all.
表示并列关系：or, and, also, not only…but also, as well as, both…and, either…or.
表示因果关系：because, because of, since, as a result, so…that, such…that.
表示条件关系：if, unless.
表示让步关系:though, whenever, whatever, whoever, wherever.
表示举例：for example, such as.
表示比较：compare with, be similar to, the same as.
表示目的：so that, in order to.
表示强调：certainly, above all.
表示概括归纳：in a word, in short, in my opinion, finally, at last.