重庆市乌江新高考协作体2023-2024学年高二下学期4月月考英语试题

重庆市乌江新高考协作体2023-2024学年高二下学期4月月考英语试题
一、第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．（2024高二下·重庆市月考） What would the man like to order
A．Some coffee. B．Some apple juice. C．A cup of tea.
2．（2024高二下·重庆市月考） Which program does the man like best
A．History. B．News. C．Sports.
3．（2024高二下·重庆市月考） What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Salesgirl and customer.
B．Wife and husband.
C．Passenger and driver.
4．（2024高二下·重庆市月考） Where does the conversation probably take place
A．In a bank.
B．In a department store.
C．In a ticket office.
5．（2024高二下·重庆市月考） When did the fire probably break out
A．At about 7. B．At about 8. C．At about 9.
二、第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
（2024高二下·重庆市月考） 听材料，回答问题。
6．What does the man's friend want to drink
A．Orange juice. B．Milk with sugar. C．Coffee with milk.
7．How much should the man pay
A．10 yuan. B．90 yuan. C．100 yuan.
（2024高二下·重庆市月考） 听材料，回答问题。
8．Who did Fred have a fight with last night
A．A storekeeper. B．A policeman. C．His brother.
9．Where is Fred now
A．At home.
B．In the hospital.
C．In the police station.
（2024高二下·重庆市月考） 听材料，回答问题。
10．Whose house is the girl going to on Sunday
A．Susie's. B．Mary's. C．Jenny's.
11． What will the girl probably do on Friday
A．See a movie.
B．Go shopping.
C．Watch a basketball game.
12． Why does the girl want her father to buy a new backpack for her
A．Her backpack is lost.
B．Her backpack is broken.
C．Her backpack is full of books.
（2024高二下·重庆市月考） 听材料，回答问题。
13．In which place did Lisa find the wallet
A．A park. B．A parking lot. C．A shopping mall.
14．What is inside the wallet
A．A photo of a person.
B．Some paper and an ID card.
C．Some money and business cards.
15．Who does the wallet probably belong to
A．A businessman. B．An old lady. C．A school boy.
16． How will Lisa get in touch with the wallet's owner
A．By making a telephone call.
B．By asking the police for help.
C．By waiting where she found the wallet.
（2024高二下·重庆市月考） 听材料，回答问题。
17．Who use camels in their sports
A．Americans. B．The Arabs. C．Chinese people.
18． Which sport listed below has the longest history
A．Baseball. B．Basketball. C．Running.
19．How old is volleyball sport
A．Below 200 years.
B．About 300 years.
C．Over 1, 000 years.
20．What often comes out of a game in the speaker's opinion
A．War. B．Pride. C．Friendship.
三、第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
（2024高二下·重庆市月考）阅读理解
The two-week Harvard Pre-College Program is an intense and exciting experience of the college life. The admission committee is now looking for mature, academically motivated students who will graduate from high school and enter college in 2022.
The Course Experience
With over 30 courses to choose from, you're sure to find a topic that interests you. Although courses are non-credit and do not have letter grades, you need to attend the class in its entirety. When class is not in session, you can participate in creative and social activities. At the end of the program, you'll receive a written evaluation from your instructor, as well as a transcript (成绩单).
Time
·July 24 — August 5
How to Apply
Complete an online application and provide supplemental (补充的) materials, including:
·The $75 non-refundable application fee.
·Transcripts from 9th grade to fall 2021 grades: This can include progress reports, report cards, and educational summaries from your high school
·If English is not your native language, submit scores from the TOEFL IBT or IELTS language proficiency exam along with your application.
Cost & Aid
The total fee for a Harvard Pre-College Program 2022 session is $4,950. The program fee includes tuition, room and board, and activity costs for the full two weeks. There is also a non-refundable $75 application fee and $100 health insurance.
A limited number of scholarships are available to assist students who demonstrate financial need. Awards vary based on need, and atypical award covers part of the tuition.
How to contact us
Interested in learning more about the program Complete our request form, and a member of cur team will contact you.
Phone:(617) 495-4023
Email: precollege@summer.
21．Which is a requirement for students attending the course
A．Completing 30 courses. B．Getting required credits.
C．Having a full attendance. D．Prioritizing social activities.
22．What should be included in supplemental materials
A．Health certificate. B．Academic conditions.
C．Financial declaration. D．Personal integrity.
23．What's the full payment for an admitted student on the program
A．$75. B．$100. C．$4,950. D．$5,125.
（2024高二下·重庆市月考）阅读理解
More than one-third of the world's food is wasted or thrown away, most of which ends up in landfills, producing very large amounts of planet-warming greenhouse gases. Now, many studies show that it is becoming harder to grow enough food to feed an increasing population due to climate change and soil degradation.
But one of the most promising and simplest solutions lies in the problem itself: this wasted food — if composted (堆肥) — could slow climate change and improve soil quality. Higher-quality soil also continues to absorb more carbon from the atmosphere, helping to improve plants and contributing further to fighting climate change. Returning one ton of organic matter to each hectare of soil would increase the production of cereal crops each year in Africa, Asia and South America by millions of tons.
While it is true that people can compost in their yards, community gardens, or even on their kitchen counters, larger-scale efforts, including infrastructure (基础设施) and incentives (激励) for consumers, would take it to the next level. Imagine if consumers could just leave unwanted food in a roadside bin for pickup, or drop it off at a local store, earning a few cents a bucket, just like what has been offered for recycling bottles or newspapers.
Moreover, in the case of composting, the payment incentive system would be sustainable because the end-product of compost can be sold to farmers, making it an economically workable model, something that is often lacking in recycling, especially for certain materials, like many types of plastics.
Eventually, more widespread composting of food would pave the way for solutions to additional waste challenges, such as the disposal of packaging and clothing. This will have other positive effects as well; if more consumers compost, companies will be more inspired to make and use compostable packaging, clothing, and other products. While more compostable items are starting to emerge today, additional composting will further drive demand and innovation, and offer a game-changing solution for the planet.
24．What is paragraph 1 mainly about
A．The uneven distribution of food around the world.
B．The burden of population growth on the planet.
C．The urgency of properly dealing with wasted food.
D．The great impact of climate change on food.
25．What can be learned about the approach to composting wasted food
A．A good system is needed to carry out it effectively.
B．It would take a long term to have an effect.
C．It is only workable on a small scale.
D．It may raise people's awareness of reducing food waste.
26．What does the author think of the payment incentive system of composting food
A．It is highly profitable.
B．It is easy to carry out.
C．It is a sustainable economic cycle pattern.
D．It is more effective than other recycling systems.
27．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．How Wasted Food Could Be Reduced
B．How Wasted Food Could Save the Planet
C．How Wasted Food Could Impact Humans
D．How Wasted Food Could Become a Business
（2024高二下·重庆市月考）阅读理解
Obese people experience discrimination (歧视) in many parts of their lives, and the workplace is no exception. Studies have long shown that obese workers, defined as those with a body-mass index (BMI) of 30 or more, earn significantly less than their slimmer co-workers.
Yet the costs of weight discrimination may be even greater than previously thought. "The overwhelming evidence," wrote the Institute for employment Studies, "is that it is only women living with obesity who experience the obesity wage penalty (薪资损失)." They were expressing a view that is widely aired in academic papers. To test it, The Economist has analyzed data concerning 23,000 workers from the American Time Use Survey, conducted by the Bureau of Labour Statistics. Our number-processing suggests that, in fact, being obese hurts the earnings of both women and men.
The data we analyzed cover men and women aged between 25 and 54 and in full-time employment. At a general level, it is true that men's BMIs are unrelated to their wages. But that changes for men with university degrees. For them, obesity is associated with a wage penalty of nearly 8%, even after accounting for the separate effects of age, race, graduate education and marital status.
The conclusion — that well-educated workers in particular are penalized for their weight — holds for both sexes. Moreover, the higher your level of education, the greater the penalty. We found that obese men with a Bachelor's degree (学士学位) earn 5% less than their thinner colleagues, while those with a Master's degree earn 14% less. Obese women, it is true, still have it worse: for them, the equivalent figures are 12% and 19%, respectively (分别地).
Your line of work makes a difference, too. When we dealt with the numbers for individual occupations and industries, we found the greatest differences in high-skilled jobs. Obese workers in health care, for example, make 11% less than their slimmer colleagues; those in management roles make roughly 9% less, on average. In sectors such as construction and agriculture, meanwhile, obesity is actually associated with higher wages.
These results suggest that the total costs of wage discrimination borne by overweight workers in America are greater than expected. Now, it's time for our governments to take it seriously.
28．What does the underlined word "it" refer to in paragraph 2
A．Obese men earn less salary.
B．Only obese women earn less salary.
C．Both obese men and women earn less salary.
D．Weight discrimination may be greater than previously thought.
29．Who may experience more discrimination compared to their colleagues according to the data
A．A fat woman office director.
B．An obese construction worker.
C．An obese man with a bachelor's degree.
D．A heavier female doctor with a Doctor's degree.
30．What is the writer's attitude of overweight discrimination
A．Supportive B．Objective C．Subjective D．indifferent
31．What might the author continue talking about
A．Overweight discrimination in other countries.
B．The reason of discriminating obese people in their lives.
C．American people's attitude towards overweight discrimination.
D．Actions taken against overweight discrimination in workplaces.
（2024高二下·重庆市月考）阅读理解
Placed before you are two pots. Each contains 100 balls. You are given a clear description of the first pot's contents, in which there are 50 red balls and 50 black balls. The economist running the experiment is tight-lipped about the second, saying only that there are 100 balls divided between red and black in some percentage. Then you are offered a choice. Pick a red ball from a pot and you will get a million dollars. Which pot would you like to pull from Now try again, but select a black ball. Which pot this time Most people choose the first pot both times, despite such a choice implying that there are both more and fewer red balls than in the second pot.
This fact is known as the Ellsberg paradox after Daniel Ellsberg, who called the behaviour hate uncertainty. It reveals a deeper problem facing the world as it struggles with climate change.
Ignorance of the future carries a cost today: uncertainty makes risks uninsurable, or at the very least expensive. The less insurers know about risks, the more capital they need to protect their balance-sheets against possible losses.
Insurance is a tool of climate adaptation. Indeed, insurance calculators have as big a role to play as activists in the fight against climate change. Without insurance, those whose homes burn in a wildfire or are destroyed by a flood will lose everything. Insurance can also be a motive for corrective action. Higher insurance expenses, which accurately reflect risk, stimulate people to adapt sooner, whether by discouraging building in risky areas or encouraging people to move away from high fire risk land. If prices are wrong, society will be more hurt by a hotter world than otherwise would be the case. Politicians considering financial aid for home insurance on flood plains ought to note.
32．The experiment of the two pots shows that ____.
A．instinct sometimes works better than reasoning
B．most people prefer predictability to uncertainty
C．people are willing to take risks to get a reward
D．it is impossible to always make the right decision
33．What's the functions of insurance
A．It raises people's awareness of climate change.
B．It prevents people from taking risks.
C．It motivates people to adapt to risky environment.
D．It helps climate refugees to relocate.
34．What's author's attitude towards financial aids for home insurance
A．Opposing B．Supportive C．Uncertain D．Ambiguous
35．Which of the following could be the best title for the text
A．Prevention is better than remedy
B．Improving forecast can reduce uncertainty
C．Uncertainty pushes up the price of insurance
D．Speedy action is urgently needed for climate change
四、第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
（2024高二下·重庆市月考）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
With everything going on in the world, it's no wonder so many of us are struggling to sleep. 　36． 　 And it's hard to fall back asleep again. However, simple steps before bed can help. Test your pillow. If you bought your pillow in 2022, it's already old. The National Sleep Foundation suggests replacing your pillow everyone to two years. 　37． 　 "When your brain is sending pain signals, it can't send sleep signals," says Dr Michael J Breus, a clinical psychologist and sleep specialist.
Get an hour of sunlight each day. Morning sunlight is important for good sleep. To get more rays, aim for 15 to 30 minutes of direct light in the morning. 　38． 　 The light cues your brain that it's time to be awake and prevents you from producing melatonin before bedtime. When you're inside, open the shades.
Skip salty snacks before bed. In a Japanese study, researchers followed 321 patients with high-saltdiets and sleep issues for 12 weeks. 　39． 　 And those who consumed more salt woke up more often to go to the bathroom.
　40． 　 If you need to air complaints to your family, don't wait until night. Tough discussions are less likely to disturb your sound sleep if you initiate them earlier. Arguments can activate your sympathetic nervous system, which disturbs sleep. Some research even suggests that going to bed angry may make you bad-tempered the next morning.
A.Avoid arguments with your family.
B.Handle your troubles before dinner.
C.Next，take two 15-minute outdoor breaks during the day.
D.It contributes to good health when exposed to light.
E.It's normal to wake up at night，especially as you age.
F.A used one in the past can cause neck pain and restless sleep.
G.When people cut them down，their average toilet trips decreased.
五、第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
（2024高二下·重庆市月考）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In my early childhood, I was convinced that persistence is the only way towards success. But a small incident made me change my mind.
One day my two-year-old son, 41． at a dozen of "stood" color marker pens, cheered excitedly, "Mummy, look! I did it." Afterwards, he collected some ball pens, 42． to do the same. Hard though he tried, the ball pens just lay 43． . He turned to me for help. Noticing they had either sharp or round ends, I said 44． , "Mummy can't help you." To my surprise, he wouldn't listen and continued trying. I was struck by his persistence.
My son's behaviour reminded me of George who was always 45． in his work and rarely talked to anyone. To him, therefore, there was no such thing called weekends or holidays. Our boss praised 46． about him and inspired us to look up to him as a role model.
One day I met George. "Gonna work late again tonight？"
"Probably can't leave till midnight," he said.
"How many hours have you put in here each week, eighty or ninety "
" 47． ."
"Don't you have time to be with your family at all "
He shook his head slowly and 48． a sigh. "It's not what I wanted. But I have worked on it for so long. It's much too 49． to even think about letting go."
A year later I resigned. The 50． thing I heard about him was that his wife divorced him. Since then I've never seen him. But occasionally his aged 51． would come to my mind.
Until that day, without knowing why the ball pens couldn't stand up, the two year old had 52． the impossibility after many failures. He put aside all the ball pens and kept only those water markers for his "game". 53． , he already learned to let go of his previous 54． attempts.
In our daily life, many headaches can be avoided if we know how to 55． them and then let go of them immediately.
41．A．shouting B．pointing C．screaming D．laughing
42．A．intending B．insisting C．requiring D．urging
43．A．still B．silent C．quiet D．flat
44．A．deliberately B．enthusiastically
C．casually D．unintentionally
45．A．buried B．interested C．devoted D．busy
46．A．little B．well C．much D．highly
47．A．At random B．At times C．At most D．At least
48．A．let out B．let off C．sent off D．sent out
49．A．encouraging B．comfortable C．painful D．ashamed
50．A．later B．last C．latter D．lately
51．A．picture B．figure C．reflection D．image
52．A．accepted B．received C．refused D．rejected
53．A．Generally B．Eventually C．Additionally D．Obviously
54．A．hopeful B．endless C．meaningful D．useless
55．A．clarify B．realize C．identify D．acknowledge
六、第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2024高二下·重庆市月考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Traveling on an airplane can be a very tiring task even in the best of circumstances.
A teenage boy with Down syndrome (唐氏综合征) who was traveling with his family had become upset and would not return to his seat, in spite of the cabin crew's warnings over the loudspeaker that it was almost time to land. In terms of such 　56． 　 situation, the pilot was forced to circle above the airport 　57． 　(temporary), delaying (延迟) the landing and angering people on the already tense flight.
Though the boy's elderly parents and adult brothers and sisters tried to persuade him to get off the floor and back into his seat, he was 　58． 　(oppose) to their advice resolutely. They seemed to be 　59． 　 despair. Subsequently, Murphy, 42 — who had been a teacher for about 20 years-glanced at the boy, stood up and quickly headed to the back of the plane.
She found the boy in the passage between rows of seats, lying on his belly (腹部). So she also lay down on her stomach to face him. She began chatting calmly with him, 　60． 　(ask) his name, his favorite book, and his favorite characters. He told her he felt sick and she tried to comfort him. Minutes later, he allowed her to hold his hand — and then together they got properly back into the airplane seats. Murphy asked for sick bags. and held them as the boy threw up (呕吐) several times. As she helped him clean up, she repeatedly told him everything would be okay and that they'd get through it together.
Thanks to his timely assistance, the plane was finally able to land safely on the ground. 　61． 　 one might expect, no one was impatient to step off the flight with parcels. Instead, calmed passengers — obviously following Murphy's amazing example — allowed the boy and his family 　62． 　(depart) first, smiling at them as they passed. His parents said they couldn't thank Murphy enough for what 　63． 　(do) by her already, and a doctor sitting nearby also let her know he had even taken notes on her expert way of having the situation handled. The doctor said, "You 　64． 　 have dealt with such a kind of case before, haven't you Your good deeds have made an impression on us. I want to express my deep 　65． 　(appreciate) for you."
七、第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）
66．（2024高二下·重庆市月考）假定你是李华，昨天你校组织全体师生进行了一次消防演练活动，请为校英文报写一篇新闻报道，内容包括：
1. 活动目的；
2. 演练经过；
3. 活动反响。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
3. 参考词汇：evacuate 疏散，撤离 fire extinguishers 灭火器
A Firefighting Drill
八、第二节（满分25分）
67．（2024高二下·重庆市月考）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段 ，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Spotted lanternflies (斑点灯笼蝇) are an invasive species. Since 2014, they have been seen all across the eastern United States. The insects are harmful to many plants, and can disturb entire ecosystems. State officials have urged people to kill spotted lanternflies wherever they see them.
When Joy saw the pests in her school courtyard, she thought she had to do something. "I've always wanted to take environmental action," she says, "and show people that no one is ever too small to make a difference."
So she started a club called Squash (压扁). Its mission is to kill spotted lanternflies around the school. More than 20 students have joined. At first, they trapped the pests in empty water bottles and then squashed them. In a single day, the club managed to kill more than a hundred spotted lanternflies.
Joy wanted to do more. With research, she discovered a plant called milkweed. It's nutritious for pollinators (传粉昆虫) such as monarch butterflies but poisonous to spotted lanternflies. Joy thought that using milkweed along with the traps made specifically for spotted lanternflies would be a better way to kill them. The issue was that they didn't have enough money to buy milkweed and the traps.
The kids were hoping to raise money for their school to address the big problem. Their goal was to raise $200, the cost of the equipment needed to kill spotted lanternflies around their school. They got part of the way there, with about $75. They decided to attract more fundraisers. "We discovered that if you find your voice," Joy says, "you can do much more."
In May, Joy and other students from Squash gathered in Columbus Park, in New York City. They set up a table with lemonade, cookies, and origami figures for sale. The money will be used to buy milkweed and the traps.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
To attract more attention, the students divided their work into various roles.
As the day progressed, the students' efforts paid off.
答案解析部分
1．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
2．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
3．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
4．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
5．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【答案】6．A
7．B
【知识点】长对话
【答案】8．C
9．C
【知识点】长对话
【答案】10．A
11．C
12．B
【知识点】长对话
【答案】13．B
14．C
15．A
16．A
【知识点】长对话
【答案】17．B
18．C
19．A
20．C
【知识点】独白
【答案】21．C
22．B
23．D
【知识点】细节理解题；数字计算题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了为期两周的哈佛大学预科项目，包括课程、费用和联系方式等信息。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、数字计算题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
21．考查细节理解。根据The Course Experience 部分中的"Although courses are non-credit and do not have letter grades, you need to attend the class in its entirety."虽然课程是非学分的，也没有字母分数，但你需要完整地参加课程。可知，参加课程的学生要求全勤。故选C。
22．考查细节理解。根据How to Apply部分中的" Transcripts from 9th grade to fall 2021 grades: This can include progress reports, report cards, and educational summaries from your high school." 从9年级到2021年秋季的成绩单：这可以包括你高中的进度报告、成绩单和教育摘要。可知，补充材料应该包括学术情况。故选B。
23．考查数字计算。根据Cost & Aid部分中的"The total fee for a Harvard Pre-College Program 2022 session is $4,950. The program fee includes tuition, room and board, and activity costs for the full two weeks. There is also a non-refundable $75 application fee and $100 health insurance."2022年哈佛大学预科课程的总费用是4950美元。项目费用包括整整两周的学费、食宿费和活动费。另外还有不可退还的75美元申请费和100美元的健康保险。可知，被录取的学生的全额学费是4950+75+100=5125美元。故选D。
【答案】24．C
25．A
26．C
27．B
【知识点】推理判断题；段落大意；说明文；社会现象类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了全球食物浪费问题，指出浪费的食物如果进行堆肥，可以减缓气候变化、改善土壤质量，并形成一个可持续的经济循环模式，并为解决其他废物问题铺平道路。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，段落大意和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
24．考查段落大意。根据第一段"More than one-third of the world's food is wasted or thrown away, most of which ends up in landfills, producing very large amounts of planet-warming greenhouse gases. Now, many studies show that it is becoming harder to grow enough food to feed an increasing population due to climate change and soil degradation. "世界上超过三分之一的食物被浪费或扔掉，其中大部分最终被填埋，产生了大量导致地球变暖的温室气体。现在，许多研究表明，由于气候变化和土壤退化，越来越难以种植足够的粮食来养活不断增长的人口。可知，段中主要介绍了被浪费的食物对环境的影响和导致的粮食短缺问题，表明了妥善处理浪费食物的紧迫性。故选C。
25．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"While it is true that people can compost in their yards, community gardens, or even on their kitchen counters, larger-scale efforts, including infrastructure (基础设施) and incentives (激励) for consumers, would take it to the next level. "虽然人们确实可以在院子里、社区花园甚至厨房柜台上堆肥，但更大规模的努力，包括基础设施建设和对消费者的激励，将把它提升到一个新的水平。可推知，虽然在院子里、社区花园甚至厨房柜台上也可以进行堆肥，但这种小规模的堆肥行为效率不高。因此，我们需要有一个更优的系统来提升堆肥的效率。故选A。
26．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"Imagine if consumers could just leave unwanted food in a roadside bin for pickup, or drop it off at a local store, earning a few cents a bucket, just like what has been offered for recycling bottles or newspapers. "想象一下，如果消费者可以把不需要的食物放在路边的垃圾箱里，让别人来捡，或者把它们扔到当地的商店里，每桶能赚几美分，就像回收瓶子或报纸一样；以及第四段中的"Moreover, in the case of composting, the payment incentive system would be sustainable because the end-product of compost can be sold to farmers, making it an economically workable model "此外，在堆肥的情况下，支付激励制度将是可持续的，因为堆肥的最终产品可以卖给农民，使其成为一种经济上可行的模式。可知，作者认为支付激励系统让人们可以通过食物回收获得一些小额报酬，而回收后最终的堆肥产品可以卖给农民，这样就形成了一个可持续的经济循环模式。故选C。
27．考查标题归纳。根据第二段中的"But one of the most promising and simplest solutions lies in the problem itself: this wasted food — if composted (堆肥) — could slow climate change and improve soil quality. "但是最有希望和最简单的解决方案之一在于问题本身：这些浪费的食物——如果进行堆肥——可以减缓气候变化并改善土壤质量；以及最后一段中的"While more compostable items are starting to emerge today, additional composting will further drive demand and innovation, and offer a game-changing solution for the planet. "虽然今天开始出现更多的可堆肥物品，但额外的堆肥将进一步推动需求和创新，并为地球提供改变游戏规则的解决方案。可推知，文章介绍如果对浪费的食物进行堆肥，可以形成一个可持续的经济循环模式，并为解决其他废物问题铺平道路，解决环境问题，保护我们的地球。"浪费的食物如何拯救地球"适合做本文标题。故选B。
【答案】28．B
29．D
30．B
31．D
【知识点】推理判断题；说明文；社会现象类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了肥胖人士在职场中所面临的薪资歧视问题。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和代词指代两个题型的考查，是一篇社会想象类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
28．考查代词指代。根据第二段中的"‘The overwhelming evidence,' wrote the Institute for employment Studies, ‘is that it is only women living with obesity who experience the obesity wage penalty (薪资损失).' They were expressing a view that is widely aired in academic papers. To test it , The Economist has analyzed data..."就业研究所写道："压倒性的证据表明，只有肥胖女性才会遭受薪资损失。"他们所表达的观点在学术论文中广为传播。为了测试它，《经济学人》分析了……"可知就业研究提出只有肥胖女性才会遭受薪资损失，《经济学人》对其进行了分析和研究。结合指代关系可知，it指代的就是就业研究提出的"只有肥胖女性的工资更低"这一观点。故选B。
29．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"The conclusion — that well-educated workers in particular are penalized for their weight — holds for both sexes. Moreover, the higher your level of education, the greater the penalty."结论是，受过良好教育的员工尤其会因为体重而受到不利影响，这对男女都适用。此外，你的教育水平越高，受到的损失就越大；以及第五段中的"Obese workers in health care, for example, make 11% less than their slimmer colleagues; those in management roles make roughly 9% less, on average."例如，在医疗保健行业，肥胖的员工比苗条的同事少赚11%；而那些担任管理职位的人的平均薪酬要低9%左右。可推知，一个有博士学位的胖女医生比她的同事更容易受到歧视。故选D。
30．考查推理判断。根据第一段"Obese people experience discrimination (歧视) in many parts of their lives, and the workplace is no exception. Studies have long shown that obese workers, defined as those with a body-mass index (BMI) of 30 or more, earn significantly less than their slimmer co-workers."肥胖人群在生活的许多方面都受到歧视，工作场所也不例外。长期以来的研究表明，肥胖员工，即身体质量指数(BMI)为30或以上的员工，收入明显低于较苗条的同事；以及最后一段"These results suggest that the total costs of wage discrimination borne by overweight workers in America are greater than expected. Now, it's time for our governments to take it seriously."这些结果表明，美国超重工人承担的工资歧视的总成本比预期的要高。现在，是我们的政府认真对待这个问题的时候了。可推知，作者以客观的方式提出了对肥胖人群的歧视问题，提供了数据和研究来支持肥胖员工(无论男女)比苗条同事挣得少的论点。作者没有表达个人对这个问题的支持或反对，而是提出事实，让读者得出自己的结论。因此，这种态度是客观的。故选B。
31．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Now, it's time for our governments to take it seriously."现在，是我们的政府认真对待这个问题的时候了。可知，作者在段尾呼吁政府认真对待对肥胖人群的歧视问题。可推知，接下来可能会谈论针对工作场所肥胖歧视问题应该采取的行动。故选D。
【答案】32．B
33．C
34．A
35．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；环境保护类；议论文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，通过埃尔斯伯格悖论阐述了全球日益变暖导致气候变化的背景下，风险的不确定性如何推高保险价格，以及准确反应风险的保险定价对于适应适应气候变化、规避风险的重要性。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
32．考查细节理解。根据第一段"Placed before you are two pots. Each contains 100 balls. You are given a clear description of the first pot's contents, in which there are 50 red balls and 50 black balls. The economist running the experiment is tight-lipped about the second, saying only that there are 100 balls divided between red and black in some percentage. Then you are offered a choice. Pick a red ball from a pot and you will get a million dollars. Which pot would you like to pull from Now try again, but select a black ball. Which pot this time Most people choose the first pot both times, despite such a choice implying that there are both more and fewer red balls than in the second pot."摆在你面前的是两个罐子。每个装有100个球。你会得到第一个罐子内容的清晰描述，里面有50个红色的球和50个黑色的球。负责这项实验的经济学家对第二个守口如瓶，只说有100个球按一定比例分为红色和黑色。然后你可以选择。从锅里挑一个红色的球，你会得到一百万美元。你想从哪个锅里选？现在再试一次，但选择一个黑色的球。这次是哪个罐子？大多数人两次都选择第一个锅，尽管这样的选择意味着红球比第二个罐子多也少。可知，在这个实验中，大多数人更愿意从已知比例的罐子中抽取球，在选择时更倾向于可预测的结果；结合第二段中的"This fact is known as the Ellsberg paradox after Daniel Ellsberg, who called the behaviour hate uncertainty."这一事实被称为埃尔斯伯格悖论，以丹尼尔·埃尔斯伯格的名字命名，他称这种行为是对模糊性的厌恶。可知，两个罐子的试验结果表明大多数人喜欢可预测性，厌恶不确定性。故选B。
33．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"Insurance is a tool of climate adaptation.(保险是适应气候变化的一种工具。)"以及"Without insurance, those whose homes burn in a wildfire or are destroyed by a flood will lose everything. Insurance can also be a motive for corrective action. Higher insurance expenses, which accurately reflect risk, stimulate people to adapt sooner, whether by discouraging building in risky areas or encouraging people to move away from high fire risk land."如果没有保险，那些房屋被野火烧毁或被洪水摧毁的人将失去一切。保险也可以成为纠正措施的动机。更高的保险费用准确地反映了风险，刺激人们更快地适应，无论是通过阻止在危险地区建房，还是鼓励人们离开高火灾风险地区。可知，保险可以帮助遭受自然灾害的人们，避免他们失去一切；当保费准确反映相关风险时，就会激励人们尽早适应，可以通过阻止高风险地区的建设或鼓励人们从火灾多发地区搬迁来降低风险。所以说，保险的作用是促使人们适应有风险的环境。故选C。
34．考查推理判断。根据最后一段"Insurance can also be a motive for corrective action. Higher insurance expenses, which accurately reflect risk, stimulate people to adapt sooner, whether by discouraging building in risky areas or encouraging people to move away from high fire risk land. If prices are wrong, society will be more hurt by a hotter world than otherwise would be the case. Politicians considering financial aid for home insurance on flood plains ought to note."保险也可以成为纠正措施的动机。更高的保险费用准确地反映了风险，刺激人们更快地适应，无论是通过阻止在危险地区建房，还是鼓励人们离开高火灾风险地区。如果价格是错误的，世界变暖对社会的伤害将比其他情况更大。考虑为洪水平原地区的家庭保险提供财政援助的政客们应该注意到这一点。可知，作者认为，当保费准确反映相关风险时，就会激励人们尽早适应，这样可以通过阻止高风险地区的建设或鼓励人们从火灾多发地区搬迁来降低风险。如果保险定价不能准确地考虑风险，社会将在受气温上升影响的世界中承受更大的负担；可推知，作者对于为家庭保险提供财政援助是持反对态度的，因为这会让人们低估气候变化带来的风险，从而造成更大的损失。故选A。
35．考查标题归纳。根据第三段"Ignorance of the future carries a cost today: uncertainty makes risks uninsurable, or at the very least expensive. The less insurers know about risks, the more capital they need to protect their balance-sheets against possible losses."对未来的无知带来了今天的代价：不确定性使风险无法投保，或者至少代价高昂。保险公司对风险的了解越少，他们就需要更多的资金来保护他们的资产负债表免受可能的损失。可知，文章通过埃尔斯伯格悖论阐述了全球日益变暖带来的风险与风险的不确定性如何推高保险价格；"不确定性推高了保险价格"能够概括文章主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选C。
【答案】36．E；37．F；38．C；39．G；40．B
【知识点】说明文；医疗保健类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几条建议帮助读者提高睡眠质量。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇健康类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
36．根据空前"With everything going on in the world, it's no wonder so many of us are struggling to sleep."随着世界上发生的一切，难怪我们中的许多人都在努力入睡。描述了现代社会普遍存在睡眠质量问题；以及空后"And it's hard to fall back asleep again."而且很难再次入睡。描述很难再次入睡，可知本句主要说明夜晚入睡的问题， E.It's normal to wake up at night，especially as you age. "随着年龄增长，半夜醒来很正常"，承上启下，符合语境。故选E。
37．根据空前"The National Sleep Foundation suggests replacing your pillow every one to two years."美国国家睡眠基金会建议每一到两年更换一次枕头。提到需要每 1-2 年更换枕头；以及空后"‘When your brain is sending pain signals, it can't send sleep signals,' says Dr Michael J Breus, a clinical psychologist and sleep specialist.""当你的大脑发出疼痛信号时，它不能发出睡眠信号，"临床心理学家和睡眠专家Michael J Breus博士说。继续谈论疼痛带来的影响。F 选项中的代词 "one"指代上文的 pillow，进一步解释原因， F.A used one in the past can cause neck pain and restless sleep. "用过很久的枕头可能导致颈部疼痛和失眠。"符合语境，故选F。
38．根据空前"Get an hour of sunlight each day."每天享受一小时的阳光。可知，本段建议要接受足够的阳光。C选项中的It指代上文提到的接受阳光直射和户外休息的行为。这种行为是为了提醒大脑白天保持清醒。 C.Next，take two 15-minute outdoor breaks during the day. "接下来，白天进行两次15分钟的户外休息。"，承接上文，符合语境。故选C。
39．根据空前"Skip salty snacks before bed. In a Japanese study, researchers followed 321 patients with high-salt diets and sleep issues for 12 weeks."睡前不要吃咸的零食。在日本的一项研究中，研究人员对321名患有高盐饮食和睡眠问题的患者进行了为期12周的跟踪调查；以及空后"And those who consumed more salt woke up more often to go to the bathroom."而那些摄入更多盐的人更频繁地醒来去洗手间。可知，指出减少高盐饮食后，起夜次数会减少，与下文 "摄入高盐的更频繁去卫生间"的论述相呼应。 G.When people cut them down，their average toilet trips decreased. "当人们减少摄入时，他们的平均上厕所次数减少了"符合语境，故选G。
40．根据空后"If you need to air complaints to your family, don't wait until night. Tough discussions are less likely to disturb your sound sleep if you initiate them earlier. Arguments can activate your sympathetic nervous system, which disturbs sleep. Some research even suggests that going to bed angry may make you bad-tempered the next morning."如果你需要向你的家人抱怨，不要等到晚上。如果你早点开始，艰难的讨论就不太可能打扰你的睡眠。争吵会激活你的交感神经系统，从而扰乱睡眠。一些研究甚至表明，带着怒气上床睡觉可能会让你第二天早上脾气暴躁。可知，如果需要向家人抱怨，不要拖到晚上。睡前的争论对睡眠有影响，甚至影响第二天的心情。 B.Handle your troubles before dinner. "晚饭前处理好你的烦恼。"符合语境。故选B。
【答案】41．B；42．A；43．D；44．C；45．A；46．D；47．D；48．A；49．C；50．B；51．D；52．A；53．D；54．D；55．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，通过一个小孩和成人的故事，探讨了坚持与放弃的界限。小孩的不断尝试和成人的过度执着形成对比，最终指出在适当时候放手的重要性。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，介词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
41．句意：一天，我两岁的儿子站在一排"站立式"彩色标记笔前，兴奋地喊道："妈妈，看！我做到了。"A. shouting"喊叫的"；B. pointing"指向的"；C. screaming"尖叫的"；D. laughing"笑的"。根据空后"at a dozen of ‘stood' color marker pens, cheered excitedly"可知，此处描述的是孩子站在彩色标记笔前并兴奋地喊叫，所以"指向"是符合情境的动作。故选B。
42．句意：之后，他收集了一些圆珠笔，打算做同样的事情。A. intending"打算"；B. insisting"坚持"；C. requiring"要求"；D. urging"敦促"。根据空后"to do the same"可知，孩子想要用圆珠笔做和之前彩色标记笔一样的事情，故选A。
43．句意：尽管他很努力，但圆珠笔只是静静地躺在那里。A. still"静止的"；B. silent"安静的"；C. quiet"安静的"；D. flat"平坦的"。根据下文"He turned to me for help"可知，圆珠笔无法像立式彩色笔那样站立，所以"平坦的"是正确的描述。故选D。
44．句意：我注意到它们要么有尖的一端，要么有圆的一端，我不经意地说，"妈妈不能帮你。"A. deliberately"故意地"；B. enthusiastically"热情地"；C. casually"随意地"；D. unintentionally"无意地"。根据空前"Noticing they had either sharp or round ends"可知，作者在注意到笔的形状后随意地说出不能帮忙，她认为这是物理常识，所以没有放在心上，故选C。
45．句意：乔治在工作中总是全身心投入，很少与人交谈。A. buried"埋头苦干的"；B. interested"感兴趣的"；C. devoted"投入的"；D. busy"忙碌的"。根据空后" in his work and rarely talked to anyone"可知，乔治在工作中投入且少交流，故选A。
46．句意：我们的老板高度评价他，并激励我们将他视为榜样。A. little"很少"；B. well"很好地"；C. much"很"；D. highly"高度地"。根据空后"inspired us to look up to him as a role model"可知，老板对乔治的评价是正面且高度的，因为老板让我们拿他当模范来看待，故选D。
47．句意："可能今晚得工作到午夜才能离开，"他说。A. At random"随机地"；B. At times"有时"；C. At most"最多"；D. At least"至少"。根据上文"eighty or ninety "可知，乔治的回答暗示他的工作时间可能超过80或90小时，故选D。
48．句意：他慢慢地摇头并发出一声叹息。A. let out"放出"；B. let off"放过"；C. sent off"发送"；D. sent out"发出"。根据空前"He shook his head slowly"可知，乔治慢慢地摇了摇头，按照人之常情，接下来他会叹口气，也就是放出一口气，故选A。
49．句意："这不是我想要的。但我已经在这件事上工作了很长时间。放弃它太痛苦了。"A. encouraging "鼓励的"；B. comfortable"舒适的"；C. painful"痛苦的"；D. ashamed"羞愧的"。根据上文"It's not what I wanted. But I have worked on it for so long"可知，乔治不想这么做，他做这份工作已经很久了，所以提到放弃工作是太痛苦了，故选C。
50．句意：我辞职一年后，我最后一次听说他的消息是他的妻子和他离婚了。A. later"后来"；B. last "最后"；C. latter"后者"；D. lately"近来"。根据上文"A year later I resigned."可知，作者后来辞职了，所以也就没有和乔治见面了，所以乔治离婚的消息是他知道的最后消息，故选B。
51．句意：从那以后，我再也没见过他。但偶尔他的老形象会浮现在我的脑海中。A. picture"图片"；B. figure"数字"；C. reflection"反映"；D. image"形象"。根据上文"Since then I've never seen him"可知，作者再也没有见过乔治，但是脑海中会浮现出乔治的形象，故选D。
52．句意：直到那一天，那个两岁的孩子在多次失败后接受了不可能的事实。A. accepted"接受"；B. received"收到"；C. refused"拒绝"；D. rejected"拒绝"。根据下文"put aside all the ball pens"可知，孩子在多次尝试后接受了不可能的事实，他把这些立不起来的圆珠笔都扔到一边了，故选A。
53．句意：最终，他已经学会了放下他之前无用的尝试。A. Generally"通常地"；B. Eventually"最终"；C. Additionally"另外"；D. Obviously"明显地"。根据空后"he already learned to let go of…"可知，孩子最终学会了放弃，因为这是在多次尝试后的结果，故选D。
54．句意：最终，他已经学会了放下他之前无用的尝试。A. hopeful "希望的"；B. endless"无尽的"；C. meaningful"有意义的"；D. useless"无用的"。根据空前"he already learned to let go of"可知，孩子放下了之前的尝试，因为这些常识都失败了，也就是无用的。故选D。
55．句意：在我们的日常生活中，如果我们知道如何识别它们然后立即放下它们，许多头痛的事情都可以避免。A. clarify"澄清"；B. realize"意识到"；C. identify"识别"；D. acknowledge"承认"。根据空后"then let go of them immediately"可知，要立刻把让人头疼的事情放弃掉，那么首先就要能识别问题，故选C。
【答案】56．a；57．temporarily；58．opposed；59．in；60．asking；61．As；62．to depart；63．had been done；64．must；65．appreciation
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了教师Murphy在飞机上帮助一位患有唐氏综合征的小男孩克服心理和身体的不适，使得飞机正常降落，并获得全体乘客赞许的故事。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及冠词，副词，形容词，介词，非谓语动词，状语从句，时态语态，情态动词，名词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
56．句意：在这种情况下，飞行员被迫暂时在机场上空盘旋，延误了降落，激怒了本已紧张的航班上的人们。此处表示"在这样一种情况下"，空处表示泛指，意为"一个"，应用不定冠词，且situation以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。
57．句意：在这种情况下，飞行员被迫暂时在机场上空盘旋，延误了降落，激怒了本已紧张的航班上的人们。此处修饰动词circle，temporary的副词形式temporarily符合题意，意为"暂时地"。故填temporarily。
58．句意：虽然男孩年迈的父母和成年的兄弟姐妹试图劝他离开地板，回到座位上，但他坚决反对他们的建议。此处形容词作表语，oppose的形容词形式opposed符合题意，意为"反对的"，构成固定短语be opposed to，意为"反对……"。故填opposed。
59．句意：他们似乎处于绝望之中。in despair固定短语，"处于绝望之中"，故填in。
60．句意：她开始平静地和他聊天，问他的名字，他最喜欢的书，他最喜欢的人物。ask和She逻辑上是主动关系，应用现在分词，此处作伴随状语，故填asking。
61．句意：正如人们所预料的那样，没有人迫不及待地拿着包裹走下飞机。结合句意可知，此处表示"如人们所预料的那样"，空处应用意为"像……一样，正如……"的从属连词as引导方式状语从句，且空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填As。
62．句意：相反，冷静下来的乘客——显然是在效仿Murphy的惊人榜样——允许男孩和他的家人先离开，并在他们经过时对他们微笑。allow sb. to do sth.，固定短语，"允许某人做某事"，故填to depart。
63．句意：他的父母说，他们对Murphy所做的一切感激不尽，坐在旁边的一位医生也告诉她，他甚至记下了她处理这种情况的专业方法。此处是宾语从句的谓语动词，时间状语为already，且主句时态为一般过去时，此处应用过去完成时，表示过去某一时间前就已经完成了的动作，do和主语what之间是被动关系，应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been done。
64．句意：你以前一定处理过这种病例。分析句子可知，空处应用情态动词和have dealt with组成谓语，结合医生说的话可知，此处是对过去的推测，表示"一定做过某事"，应用情态动词must。故填must。
65．句意：我想向您表达我深深的欣赏。分析句子可知，空处作express的宾语，空前有my deep，appreciate的名词形式appreciation符合题意，意为"欣赏"，是不可数名词。故填appreciation。
66．【答案】Yesterday, a firefighting drill was conducted in our school with all teachers and students involved to arouse our awareness of fire prevention techniques.
The drill started with an alarm, hearing which students quickly evacuated the classrooms orderly under the guidance of the teachers to the appointed place. The fire escape routes were clearly marked, and fire extinguishers were readily available throughout the school. So it was five minutes later that all the building were emptied and students and teachers gathered on the playground. Our principal announced the drill was performed better than scheduled.
Both teachers and students appreciated the opportunity to learn about fire safety. Many expressed their gratitude for the school's initiative in organizing such a drill, as it increased their confidence and awareness in dealing with potential fire hazards.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以李华的身份 为校英文报写一篇新闻报道 。写作背景： 昨天你校组织全体师生进行了一次消防演练活动。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1. 活动目的；2. 演练经过；3. 活动反响。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：esterday, a firefighting drill was conducted in our school with all teachers and students involved to arouse our awareness of fire prevention techniques.运用了被动语态；The drill started with an alarm, hearing which students quickly evacuated the classrooms orderly under the guidance of the teachers to the appointed place.运用了现在分词作状语，宾语从句；The fire escape routes were clearly marked, and fire extinguishers were readily available throughout the school. 运用了并列句，被动语态；So it was five minutes later that all the building were emptied and students and teachers gathered on the playground.运用了强调句； Our principal announced the drill was performed better than scheduled.运用了宾语从句； Many expressed their gratitude for the school's initiative in organizing such a drill, as it increased their confidence and awareness in dealing with potential fire hazards.运用了原因状语从句。
67．【答案】To attract more attention, the students divided their work into various roles. Joy took charge of organizing the lemonade stand. She wore a T-shirt with the club's logo and approached passers-by with enthusiasm. Meanwhile, other Squash members were in charge of creating eye-catching posters and signs about the spotted lantern fly invasion. They strategically placed these materials around the park to educate people about the environmental threat and the importance of supporting their cause. The team also offered educational games and quizzes, encouraging participants to learn more about the impact of invasive species on local ecosystems.
As the day progressed, the students' efforts paid off. Gradually, more and more park-goers came up to their table, eager to support the cause. Their lemonade and cookies quickly sold out in no time. What's more, donations poured in, surpassing their initial goal of $200. Joy and her fellow students were overwhelmed by the support and generosity from the strangers. They felt a sense of accomplishment, realizing that their small action had sparked a ripple effect. The funds raised would enable them to purchase milkweed and the traps, expanding their efforts to protect not only their school courtyard but also other vulnerable areas in the city.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了乔伊想要清除校园里的害虫，于是创办了一个叫做"Squash"的俱乐部。它的任务是杀死学校周围的斑蝇。随着活动的开展，乔伊想要筹集更多的资金来解决这个大问题，于是她和社员开始摆摊，也得到了人们的支持。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"为了吸引更多的注意力，学生们把他们的任务分成了不同的角色"可知，第一段可描写乔伊组织活动的经过以及开展情况。②由第二段首句内容"随着时间的推移，学生们的努力得到了回报"可知，第二段可描写活动得到了人们的支持以及他们的感悟。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：They strategically placed these materials around the park to educate people about the environmental threat and the importance of supporting their cause.运用了不定式作目的状语； What's more, donations poured in, surpassing their initial goal of $200. 运用了现在分词作状语；Joy and her fellow students were overwhelmed by the support and generosity from the strangers. 运用了被动语态；They felt a sense of accomplishment, realizing that their small action had sparked a ripple effect.运用了现在分词作状语，宾语从句。
1 / 1重庆市乌江新高考协作体2023-2024学年高二下学期4月月考英语试题
一、第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．（2024高二下·重庆市月考） What would the man like to order
A．Some coffee. B．Some apple juice. C．A cup of tea.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
2．（2024高二下·重庆市月考） Which program does the man like best
A．History. B．News. C．Sports.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
3．（2024高二下·重庆市月考） What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Salesgirl and customer.
B．Wife and husband.
C．Passenger and driver.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
4．（2024高二下·重庆市月考） Where does the conversation probably take place
A．In a bank.
B．In a department store.
C．In a ticket office.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
5．（2024高二下·重庆市月考） When did the fire probably break out
A．At about 7. B．At about 8. C．At about 9.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
二、第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
（2024高二下·重庆市月考） 听材料，回答问题。
6．What does the man's friend want to drink
A．Orange juice. B．Milk with sugar. C．Coffee with milk.
7．How much should the man pay
A．10 yuan. B．90 yuan. C．100 yuan.
【答案】6．A
7．B
【知识点】长对话
（2024高二下·重庆市月考） 听材料，回答问题。
8．Who did Fred have a fight with last night
A．A storekeeper. B．A policeman. C．His brother.
9．Where is Fred now
A．At home.
B．In the hospital.
C．In the police station.
【答案】8．C
9．C
【知识点】长对话
（2024高二下·重庆市月考） 听材料，回答问题。
10．Whose house is the girl going to on Sunday
A．Susie's. B．Mary's. C．Jenny's.
11． What will the girl probably do on Friday
A．See a movie.
B．Go shopping.
C．Watch a basketball game.
12． Why does the girl want her father to buy a new backpack for her
A．Her backpack is lost.
B．Her backpack is broken.
C．Her backpack is full of books.
【答案】10．A
11．C
12．B
【知识点】长对话
（2024高二下·重庆市月考） 听材料，回答问题。
13．In which place did Lisa find the wallet
A．A park. B．A parking lot. C．A shopping mall.
14．What is inside the wallet
A．A photo of a person.
B．Some paper and an ID card.
C．Some money and business cards.
15．Who does the wallet probably belong to
A．A businessman. B．An old lady. C．A school boy.
16． How will Lisa get in touch with the wallet's owner
A．By making a telephone call.
B．By asking the police for help.
C．By waiting where she found the wallet.
【答案】13．B
14．C
15．A
16．A
【知识点】长对话
（2024高二下·重庆市月考） 听材料，回答问题。
17．Who use camels in their sports
A．Americans. B．The Arabs. C．Chinese people.
18． Which sport listed below has the longest history
A．Baseball. B．Basketball. C．Running.
19．How old is volleyball sport
A．Below 200 years.
B．About 300 years.
C．Over 1, 000 years.
20．What often comes out of a game in the speaker's opinion
A．War. B．Pride. C．Friendship.
【答案】17．B
18．C
19．A
20．C
【知识点】独白
三、第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
（2024高二下·重庆市月考）阅读理解
The two-week Harvard Pre-College Program is an intense and exciting experience of the college life. The admission committee is now looking for mature, academically motivated students who will graduate from high school and enter college in 2022.
The Course Experience
With over 30 courses to choose from, you're sure to find a topic that interests you. Although courses are non-credit and do not have letter grades, you need to attend the class in its entirety. When class is not in session, you can participate in creative and social activities. At the end of the program, you'll receive a written evaluation from your instructor, as well as a transcript (成绩单).
Time
·July 24 — August 5
How to Apply
Complete an online application and provide supplemental (补充的) materials, including:
·The $75 non-refundable application fee.
·Transcripts from 9th grade to fall 2021 grades: This can include progress reports, report cards, and educational summaries from your high school
·If English is not your native language, submit scores from the TOEFL IBT or IELTS language proficiency exam along with your application.
Cost & Aid
The total fee for a Harvard Pre-College Program 2022 session is $4,950. The program fee includes tuition, room and board, and activity costs for the full two weeks. There is also a non-refundable $75 application fee and $100 health insurance.
A limited number of scholarships are available to assist students who demonstrate financial need. Awards vary based on need, and atypical award covers part of the tuition.
How to contact us
Interested in learning more about the program Complete our request form, and a member of cur team will contact you.
Phone:(617) 495-4023
Email: precollege@summer.
21．Which is a requirement for students attending the course
A．Completing 30 courses. B．Getting required credits.
C．Having a full attendance. D．Prioritizing social activities.
22．What should be included in supplemental materials
A．Health certificate. B．Academic conditions.
C．Financial declaration. D．Personal integrity.
23．What's the full payment for an admitted student on the program
A．$75. B．$100. C．$4,950. D．$5,125.
【答案】21．C
22．B
23．D
【知识点】细节理解题；数字计算题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了为期两周的哈佛大学预科项目，包括课程、费用和联系方式等信息。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、数字计算题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
21．考查细节理解。根据The Course Experience 部分中的"Although courses are non-credit and do not have letter grades, you need to attend the class in its entirety."虽然课程是非学分的，也没有字母分数，但你需要完整地参加课程。可知，参加课程的学生要求全勤。故选C。
22．考查细节理解。根据How to Apply部分中的" Transcripts from 9th grade to fall 2021 grades: This can include progress reports, report cards, and educational summaries from your high school." 从9年级到2021年秋季的成绩单：这可以包括你高中的进度报告、成绩单和教育摘要。可知，补充材料应该包括学术情况。故选B。
23．考查数字计算。根据Cost & Aid部分中的"The total fee for a Harvard Pre-College Program 2022 session is $4,950. The program fee includes tuition, room and board, and activity costs for the full two weeks. There is also a non-refundable $75 application fee and $100 health insurance."2022年哈佛大学预科课程的总费用是4950美元。项目费用包括整整两周的学费、食宿费和活动费。另外还有不可退还的75美元申请费和100美元的健康保险。可知，被录取的学生的全额学费是4950+75+100=5125美元。故选D。
（2024高二下·重庆市月考）阅读理解
More than one-third of the world's food is wasted or thrown away, most of which ends up in landfills, producing very large amounts of planet-warming greenhouse gases. Now, many studies show that it is becoming harder to grow enough food to feed an increasing population due to climate change and soil degradation.
But one of the most promising and simplest solutions lies in the problem itself: this wasted food — if composted (堆肥) — could slow climate change and improve soil quality. Higher-quality soil also continues to absorb more carbon from the atmosphere, helping to improve plants and contributing further to fighting climate change. Returning one ton of organic matter to each hectare of soil would increase the production of cereal crops each year in Africa, Asia and South America by millions of tons.
While it is true that people can compost in their yards, community gardens, or even on their kitchen counters, larger-scale efforts, including infrastructure (基础设施) and incentives (激励) for consumers, would take it to the next level. Imagine if consumers could just leave unwanted food in a roadside bin for pickup, or drop it off at a local store, earning a few cents a bucket, just like what has been offered for recycling bottles or newspapers.
Moreover, in the case of composting, the payment incentive system would be sustainable because the end-product of compost can be sold to farmers, making it an economically workable model, something that is often lacking in recycling, especially for certain materials, like many types of plastics.
Eventually, more widespread composting of food would pave the way for solutions to additional waste challenges, such as the disposal of packaging and clothing. This will have other positive effects as well; if more consumers compost, companies will be more inspired to make and use compostable packaging, clothing, and other products. While more compostable items are starting to emerge today, additional composting will further drive demand and innovation, and offer a game-changing solution for the planet.
24．What is paragraph 1 mainly about
A．The uneven distribution of food around the world.
B．The burden of population growth on the planet.
C．The urgency of properly dealing with wasted food.
D．The great impact of climate change on food.
25．What can be learned about the approach to composting wasted food
A．A good system is needed to carry out it effectively.
B．It would take a long term to have an effect.
C．It is only workable on a small scale.
D．It may raise people's awareness of reducing food waste.
26．What does the author think of the payment incentive system of composting food
A．It is highly profitable.
B．It is easy to carry out.
C．It is a sustainable economic cycle pattern.
D．It is more effective than other recycling systems.
27．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．How Wasted Food Could Be Reduced
B．How Wasted Food Could Save the Planet
C．How Wasted Food Could Impact Humans
D．How Wasted Food Could Become a Business
【答案】24．C
25．A
26．C
27．B
【知识点】推理判断题；段落大意；说明文；社会现象类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了全球食物浪费问题，指出浪费的食物如果进行堆肥，可以减缓气候变化、改善土壤质量，并形成一个可持续的经济循环模式，并为解决其他废物问题铺平道路。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，段落大意和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
24．考查段落大意。根据第一段"More than one-third of the world's food is wasted or thrown away, most of which ends up in landfills, producing very large amounts of planet-warming greenhouse gases. Now, many studies show that it is becoming harder to grow enough food to feed an increasing population due to climate change and soil degradation. "世界上超过三分之一的食物被浪费或扔掉，其中大部分最终被填埋，产生了大量导致地球变暖的温室气体。现在，许多研究表明，由于气候变化和土壤退化，越来越难以种植足够的粮食来养活不断增长的人口。可知，段中主要介绍了被浪费的食物对环境的影响和导致的粮食短缺问题，表明了妥善处理浪费食物的紧迫性。故选C。
25．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"While it is true that people can compost in their yards, community gardens, or even on their kitchen counters, larger-scale efforts, including infrastructure (基础设施) and incentives (激励) for consumers, would take it to the next level. "虽然人们确实可以在院子里、社区花园甚至厨房柜台上堆肥，但更大规模的努力，包括基础设施建设和对消费者的激励，将把它提升到一个新的水平。可推知，虽然在院子里、社区花园甚至厨房柜台上也可以进行堆肥，但这种小规模的堆肥行为效率不高。因此，我们需要有一个更优的系统来提升堆肥的效率。故选A。
26．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"Imagine if consumers could just leave unwanted food in a roadside bin for pickup, or drop it off at a local store, earning a few cents a bucket, just like what has been offered for recycling bottles or newspapers. "想象一下，如果消费者可以把不需要的食物放在路边的垃圾箱里，让别人来捡，或者把它们扔到当地的商店里，每桶能赚几美分，就像回收瓶子或报纸一样；以及第四段中的"Moreover, in the case of composting, the payment incentive system would be sustainable because the end-product of compost can be sold to farmers, making it an economically workable model "此外，在堆肥的情况下，支付激励制度将是可持续的，因为堆肥的最终产品可以卖给农民，使其成为一种经济上可行的模式。可知，作者认为支付激励系统让人们可以通过食物回收获得一些小额报酬，而回收后最终的堆肥产品可以卖给农民，这样就形成了一个可持续的经济循环模式。故选C。
27．考查标题归纳。根据第二段中的"But one of the most promising and simplest solutions lies in the problem itself: this wasted food — if composted (堆肥) — could slow climate change and improve soil quality. "但是最有希望和最简单的解决方案之一在于问题本身：这些浪费的食物——如果进行堆肥——可以减缓气候变化并改善土壤质量；以及最后一段中的"While more compostable items are starting to emerge today, additional composting will further drive demand and innovation, and offer a game-changing solution for the planet. "虽然今天开始出现更多的可堆肥物品，但额外的堆肥将进一步推动需求和创新，并为地球提供改变游戏规则的解决方案。可推知，文章介绍如果对浪费的食物进行堆肥，可以形成一个可持续的经济循环模式，并为解决其他废物问题铺平道路，解决环境问题，保护我们的地球。"浪费的食物如何拯救地球"适合做本文标题。故选B。
（2024高二下·重庆市月考）阅读理解
Obese people experience discrimination (歧视) in many parts of their lives, and the workplace is no exception. Studies have long shown that obese workers, defined as those with a body-mass index (BMI) of 30 or more, earn significantly less than their slimmer co-workers.
Yet the costs of weight discrimination may be even greater than previously thought. "The overwhelming evidence," wrote the Institute for employment Studies, "is that it is only women living with obesity who experience the obesity wage penalty (薪资损失)." They were expressing a view that is widely aired in academic papers. To test it, The Economist has analyzed data concerning 23,000 workers from the American Time Use Survey, conducted by the Bureau of Labour Statistics. Our number-processing suggests that, in fact, being obese hurts the earnings of both women and men.
The data we analyzed cover men and women aged between 25 and 54 and in full-time employment. At a general level, it is true that men's BMIs are unrelated to their wages. But that changes for men with university degrees. For them, obesity is associated with a wage penalty of nearly 8%, even after accounting for the separate effects of age, race, graduate education and marital status.
The conclusion — that well-educated workers in particular are penalized for their weight — holds for both sexes. Moreover, the higher your level of education, the greater the penalty. We found that obese men with a Bachelor's degree (学士学位) earn 5% less than their thinner colleagues, while those with a Master's degree earn 14% less. Obese women, it is true, still have it worse: for them, the equivalent figures are 12% and 19%, respectively (分别地).
Your line of work makes a difference, too. When we dealt with the numbers for individual occupations and industries, we found the greatest differences in high-skilled jobs. Obese workers in health care, for example, make 11% less than their slimmer colleagues; those in management roles make roughly 9% less, on average. In sectors such as construction and agriculture, meanwhile, obesity is actually associated with higher wages.
These results suggest that the total costs of wage discrimination borne by overweight workers in America are greater than expected. Now, it's time for our governments to take it seriously.
28．What does the underlined word "it" refer to in paragraph 2
A．Obese men earn less salary.
B．Only obese women earn less salary.
C．Both obese men and women earn less salary.
D．Weight discrimination may be greater than previously thought.
29．Who may experience more discrimination compared to their colleagues according to the data
A．A fat woman office director.
B．An obese construction worker.
C．An obese man with a bachelor's degree.
D．A heavier female doctor with a Doctor's degree.
30．What is the writer's attitude of overweight discrimination
A．Supportive B．Objective C．Subjective D．indifferent
31．What might the author continue talking about
A．Overweight discrimination in other countries.
B．The reason of discriminating obese people in their lives.
C．American people's attitude towards overweight discrimination.
D．Actions taken against overweight discrimination in workplaces.
【答案】28．B
29．D
30．B
31．D
【知识点】推理判断题；说明文；社会现象类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了肥胖人士在职场中所面临的薪资歧视问题。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和代词指代两个题型的考查，是一篇社会想象类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
28．考查代词指代。根据第二段中的"‘The overwhelming evidence,' wrote the Institute for employment Studies, ‘is that it is only women living with obesity who experience the obesity wage penalty (薪资损失).' They were expressing a view that is widely aired in academic papers. To test it , The Economist has analyzed data..."就业研究所写道："压倒性的证据表明，只有肥胖女性才会遭受薪资损失。"他们所表达的观点在学术论文中广为传播。为了测试它，《经济学人》分析了……"可知就业研究提出只有肥胖女性才会遭受薪资损失，《经济学人》对其进行了分析和研究。结合指代关系可知，it指代的就是就业研究提出的"只有肥胖女性的工资更低"这一观点。故选B。
29．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"The conclusion — that well-educated workers in particular are penalized for their weight — holds for both sexes. Moreover, the higher your level of education, the greater the penalty."结论是，受过良好教育的员工尤其会因为体重而受到不利影响，这对男女都适用。此外，你的教育水平越高，受到的损失就越大；以及第五段中的"Obese workers in health care, for example, make 11% less than their slimmer colleagues; those in management roles make roughly 9% less, on average."例如，在医疗保健行业，肥胖的员工比苗条的同事少赚11%；而那些担任管理职位的人的平均薪酬要低9%左右。可推知，一个有博士学位的胖女医生比她的同事更容易受到歧视。故选D。
30．考查推理判断。根据第一段"Obese people experience discrimination (歧视) in many parts of their lives, and the workplace is no exception. Studies have long shown that obese workers, defined as those with a body-mass index (BMI) of 30 or more, earn significantly less than their slimmer co-workers."肥胖人群在生活的许多方面都受到歧视，工作场所也不例外。长期以来的研究表明，肥胖员工，即身体质量指数(BMI)为30或以上的员工，收入明显低于较苗条的同事；以及最后一段"These results suggest that the total costs of wage discrimination borne by overweight workers in America are greater than expected. Now, it's time for our governments to take it seriously."这些结果表明，美国超重工人承担的工资歧视的总成本比预期的要高。现在，是我们的政府认真对待这个问题的时候了。可推知，作者以客观的方式提出了对肥胖人群的歧视问题，提供了数据和研究来支持肥胖员工(无论男女)比苗条同事挣得少的论点。作者没有表达个人对这个问题的支持或反对，而是提出事实，让读者得出自己的结论。因此，这种态度是客观的。故选B。
31．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Now, it's time for our governments to take it seriously."现在，是我们的政府认真对待这个问题的时候了。可知，作者在段尾呼吁政府认真对待对肥胖人群的歧视问题。可推知，接下来可能会谈论针对工作场所肥胖歧视问题应该采取的行动。故选D。
（2024高二下·重庆市月考）阅读理解
Placed before you are two pots. Each contains 100 balls. You are given a clear description of the first pot's contents, in which there are 50 red balls and 50 black balls. The economist running the experiment is tight-lipped about the second, saying only that there are 100 balls divided between red and black in some percentage. Then you are offered a choice. Pick a red ball from a pot and you will get a million dollars. Which pot would you like to pull from Now try again, but select a black ball. Which pot this time Most people choose the first pot both times, despite such a choice implying that there are both more and fewer red balls than in the second pot.
This fact is known as the Ellsberg paradox after Daniel Ellsberg, who called the behaviour hate uncertainty. It reveals a deeper problem facing the world as it struggles with climate change.
Ignorance of the future carries a cost today: uncertainty makes risks uninsurable, or at the very least expensive. The less insurers know about risks, the more capital they need to protect their balance-sheets against possible losses.
Insurance is a tool of climate adaptation. Indeed, insurance calculators have as big a role to play as activists in the fight against climate change. Without insurance, those whose homes burn in a wildfire or are destroyed by a flood will lose everything. Insurance can also be a motive for corrective action. Higher insurance expenses, which accurately reflect risk, stimulate people to adapt sooner, whether by discouraging building in risky areas or encouraging people to move away from high fire risk land. If prices are wrong, society will be more hurt by a hotter world than otherwise would be the case. Politicians considering financial aid for home insurance on flood plains ought to note.
32．The experiment of the two pots shows that ____.
A．instinct sometimes works better than reasoning
B．most people prefer predictability to uncertainty
C．people are willing to take risks to get a reward
D．it is impossible to always make the right decision
33．What's the functions of insurance
A．It raises people's awareness of climate change.
B．It prevents people from taking risks.
C．It motivates people to adapt to risky environment.
D．It helps climate refugees to relocate.
34．What's author's attitude towards financial aids for home insurance
A．Opposing B．Supportive C．Uncertain D．Ambiguous
35．Which of the following could be the best title for the text
A．Prevention is better than remedy
B．Improving forecast can reduce uncertainty
C．Uncertainty pushes up the price of insurance
D．Speedy action is urgently needed for climate change
【答案】32．B
33．C
34．A
35．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；环境保护类；议论文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，通过埃尔斯伯格悖论阐述了全球日益变暖导致气候变化的背景下，风险的不确定性如何推高保险价格，以及准确反应风险的保险定价对于适应适应气候变化、规避风险的重要性。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
32．考查细节理解。根据第一段"Placed before you are two pots. Each contains 100 balls. You are given a clear description of the first pot's contents, in which there are 50 red balls and 50 black balls. The economist running the experiment is tight-lipped about the second, saying only that there are 100 balls divided between red and black in some percentage. Then you are offered a choice. Pick a red ball from a pot and you will get a million dollars. Which pot would you like to pull from Now try again, but select a black ball. Which pot this time Most people choose the first pot both times, despite such a choice implying that there are both more and fewer red balls than in the second pot."摆在你面前的是两个罐子。每个装有100个球。你会得到第一个罐子内容的清晰描述，里面有50个红色的球和50个黑色的球。负责这项实验的经济学家对第二个守口如瓶，只说有100个球按一定比例分为红色和黑色。然后你可以选择。从锅里挑一个红色的球，你会得到一百万美元。你想从哪个锅里选？现在再试一次，但选择一个黑色的球。这次是哪个罐子？大多数人两次都选择第一个锅，尽管这样的选择意味着红球比第二个罐子多也少。可知，在这个实验中，大多数人更愿意从已知比例的罐子中抽取球，在选择时更倾向于可预测的结果；结合第二段中的"This fact is known as the Ellsberg paradox after Daniel Ellsberg, who called the behaviour hate uncertainty."这一事实被称为埃尔斯伯格悖论，以丹尼尔·埃尔斯伯格的名字命名，他称这种行为是对模糊性的厌恶。可知，两个罐子的试验结果表明大多数人喜欢可预测性，厌恶不确定性。故选B。
33．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"Insurance is a tool of climate adaptation.(保险是适应气候变化的一种工具。)"以及"Without insurance, those whose homes burn in a wildfire or are destroyed by a flood will lose everything. Insurance can also be a motive for corrective action. Higher insurance expenses, which accurately reflect risk, stimulate people to adapt sooner, whether by discouraging building in risky areas or encouraging people to move away from high fire risk land."如果没有保险，那些房屋被野火烧毁或被洪水摧毁的人将失去一切。保险也可以成为纠正措施的动机。更高的保险费用准确地反映了风险，刺激人们更快地适应，无论是通过阻止在危险地区建房，还是鼓励人们离开高火灾风险地区。可知，保险可以帮助遭受自然灾害的人们，避免他们失去一切；当保费准确反映相关风险时，就会激励人们尽早适应，可以通过阻止高风险地区的建设或鼓励人们从火灾多发地区搬迁来降低风险。所以说，保险的作用是促使人们适应有风险的环境。故选C。
34．考查推理判断。根据最后一段"Insurance can also be a motive for corrective action. Higher insurance expenses, which accurately reflect risk, stimulate people to adapt sooner, whether by discouraging building in risky areas or encouraging people to move away from high fire risk land. If prices are wrong, society will be more hurt by a hotter world than otherwise would be the case. Politicians considering financial aid for home insurance on flood plains ought to note."保险也可以成为纠正措施的动机。更高的保险费用准确地反映了风险，刺激人们更快地适应，无论是通过阻止在危险地区建房，还是鼓励人们离开高火灾风险地区。如果价格是错误的，世界变暖对社会的伤害将比其他情况更大。考虑为洪水平原地区的家庭保险提供财政援助的政客们应该注意到这一点。可知，作者认为，当保费准确反映相关风险时，就会激励人们尽早适应，这样可以通过阻止高风险地区的建设或鼓励人们从火灾多发地区搬迁来降低风险。如果保险定价不能准确地考虑风险，社会将在受气温上升影响的世界中承受更大的负担；可推知，作者对于为家庭保险提供财政援助是持反对态度的，因为这会让人们低估气候变化带来的风险，从而造成更大的损失。故选A。
35．考查标题归纳。根据第三段"Ignorance of the future carries a cost today: uncertainty makes risks uninsurable, or at the very least expensive. The less insurers know about risks, the more capital they need to protect their balance-sheets against possible losses."对未来的无知带来了今天的代价：不确定性使风险无法投保，或者至少代价高昂。保险公司对风险的了解越少，他们就需要更多的资金来保护他们的资产负债表免受可能的损失。可知，文章通过埃尔斯伯格悖论阐述了全球日益变暖带来的风险与风险的不确定性如何推高保险价格；"不确定性推高了保险价格"能够概括文章主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选C。
四、第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
（2024高二下·重庆市月考）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
With everything going on in the world, it's no wonder so many of us are struggling to sleep. 　36． 　 And it's hard to fall back asleep again. However, simple steps before bed can help. Test your pillow. If you bought your pillow in 2022, it's already old. The National Sleep Foundation suggests replacing your pillow everyone to two years. 　37． 　 "When your brain is sending pain signals, it can't send sleep signals," says Dr Michael J Breus, a clinical psychologist and sleep specialist.
Get an hour of sunlight each day. Morning sunlight is important for good sleep. To get more rays, aim for 15 to 30 minutes of direct light in the morning. 　38． 　 The light cues your brain that it's time to be awake and prevents you from producing melatonin before bedtime. When you're inside, open the shades.
Skip salty snacks before bed. In a Japanese study, researchers followed 321 patients with high-saltdiets and sleep issues for 12 weeks. 　39． 　 And those who consumed more salt woke up more often to go to the bathroom.
　40． 　 If you need to air complaints to your family, don't wait until night. Tough discussions are less likely to disturb your sound sleep if you initiate them earlier. Arguments can activate your sympathetic nervous system, which disturbs sleep. Some research even suggests that going to bed angry may make you bad-tempered the next morning.
A.Avoid arguments with your family.
B.Handle your troubles before dinner.
C.Next，take two 15-minute outdoor breaks during the day.
D.It contributes to good health when exposed to light.
E.It's normal to wake up at night，especially as you age.
F.A used one in the past can cause neck pain and restless sleep.
G.When people cut them down，their average toilet trips decreased.
【答案】36．E；37．F；38．C；39．G；40．B
【知识点】说明文；医疗保健类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几条建议帮助读者提高睡眠质量。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇健康类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
36．根据空前"With everything going on in the world, it's no wonder so many of us are struggling to sleep."随着世界上发生的一切，难怪我们中的许多人都在努力入睡。描述了现代社会普遍存在睡眠质量问题；以及空后"And it's hard to fall back asleep again."而且很难再次入睡。描述很难再次入睡，可知本句主要说明夜晚入睡的问题， E.It's normal to wake up at night，especially as you age. "随着年龄增长，半夜醒来很正常"，承上启下，符合语境。故选E。
37．根据空前"The National Sleep Foundation suggests replacing your pillow every one to two years."美国国家睡眠基金会建议每一到两年更换一次枕头。提到需要每 1-2 年更换枕头；以及空后"‘When your brain is sending pain signals, it can't send sleep signals,' says Dr Michael J Breus, a clinical psychologist and sleep specialist.""当你的大脑发出疼痛信号时，它不能发出睡眠信号，"临床心理学家和睡眠专家Michael J Breus博士说。继续谈论疼痛带来的影响。F 选项中的代词 "one"指代上文的 pillow，进一步解释原因， F.A used one in the past can cause neck pain and restless sleep. "用过很久的枕头可能导致颈部疼痛和失眠。"符合语境，故选F。
38．根据空前"Get an hour of sunlight each day."每天享受一小时的阳光。可知，本段建议要接受足够的阳光。C选项中的It指代上文提到的接受阳光直射和户外休息的行为。这种行为是为了提醒大脑白天保持清醒。 C.Next，take two 15-minute outdoor breaks during the day. "接下来，白天进行两次15分钟的户外休息。"，承接上文，符合语境。故选C。
39．根据空前"Skip salty snacks before bed. In a Japanese study, researchers followed 321 patients with high-salt diets and sleep issues for 12 weeks."睡前不要吃咸的零食。在日本的一项研究中，研究人员对321名患有高盐饮食和睡眠问题的患者进行了为期12周的跟踪调查；以及空后"And those who consumed more salt woke up more often to go to the bathroom."而那些摄入更多盐的人更频繁地醒来去洗手间。可知，指出减少高盐饮食后，起夜次数会减少，与下文 "摄入高盐的更频繁去卫生间"的论述相呼应。 G.When people cut them down，their average toilet trips decreased. "当人们减少摄入时，他们的平均上厕所次数减少了"符合语境，故选G。
40．根据空后"If you need to air complaints to your family, don't wait until night. Tough discussions are less likely to disturb your sound sleep if you initiate them earlier. Arguments can activate your sympathetic nervous system, which disturbs sleep. Some research even suggests that going to bed angry may make you bad-tempered the next morning."如果你需要向你的家人抱怨，不要等到晚上。如果你早点开始，艰难的讨论就不太可能打扰你的睡眠。争吵会激活你的交感神经系统，从而扰乱睡眠。一些研究甚至表明，带着怒气上床睡觉可能会让你第二天早上脾气暴躁。可知，如果需要向家人抱怨，不要拖到晚上。睡前的争论对睡眠有影响，甚至影响第二天的心情。 B.Handle your troubles before dinner. "晚饭前处理好你的烦恼。"符合语境。故选B。
五、第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
（2024高二下·重庆市月考）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In my early childhood, I was convinced that persistence is the only way towards success. But a small incident made me change my mind.
One day my two-year-old son, 41． at a dozen of "stood" color marker pens, cheered excitedly, "Mummy, look! I did it." Afterwards, he collected some ball pens, 42． to do the same. Hard though he tried, the ball pens just lay 43． . He turned to me for help. Noticing they had either sharp or round ends, I said 44． , "Mummy can't help you." To my surprise, he wouldn't listen and continued trying. I was struck by his persistence.
My son's behaviour reminded me of George who was always 45． in his work and rarely talked to anyone. To him, therefore, there was no such thing called weekends or holidays. Our boss praised 46． about him and inspired us to look up to him as a role model.
One day I met George. "Gonna work late again tonight？"
"Probably can't leave till midnight," he said.
"How many hours have you put in here each week, eighty or ninety "
" 47． ."
"Don't you have time to be with your family at all "
He shook his head slowly and 48． a sigh. "It's not what I wanted. But I have worked on it for so long. It's much too 49． to even think about letting go."
A year later I resigned. The 50． thing I heard about him was that his wife divorced him. Since then I've never seen him. But occasionally his aged 51． would come to my mind.
Until that day, without knowing why the ball pens couldn't stand up, the two year old had 52． the impossibility after many failures. He put aside all the ball pens and kept only those water markers for his "game". 53． , he already learned to let go of his previous 54． attempts.
In our daily life, many headaches can be avoided if we know how to 55． them and then let go of them immediately.
41．A．shouting B．pointing C．screaming D．laughing
42．A．intending B．insisting C．requiring D．urging
43．A．still B．silent C．quiet D．flat
44．A．deliberately B．enthusiastically
C．casually D．unintentionally
45．A．buried B．interested C．devoted D．busy
46．A．little B．well C．much D．highly
47．A．At random B．At times C．At most D．At least
48．A．let out B．let off C．sent off D．sent out
49．A．encouraging B．comfortable C．painful D．ashamed
50．A．later B．last C．latter D．lately
51．A．picture B．figure C．reflection D．image
52．A．accepted B．received C．refused D．rejected
53．A．Generally B．Eventually C．Additionally D．Obviously
54．A．hopeful B．endless C．meaningful D．useless
55．A．clarify B．realize C．identify D．acknowledge
【答案】41．B；42．A；43．D；44．C；45．A；46．D；47．D；48．A；49．C；50．B；51．D；52．A；53．D；54．D；55．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，通过一个小孩和成人的故事，探讨了坚持与放弃的界限。小孩的不断尝试和成人的过度执着形成对比，最终指出在适当时候放手的重要性。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，介词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
41．句意：一天，我两岁的儿子站在一排"站立式"彩色标记笔前，兴奋地喊道："妈妈，看！我做到了。"A. shouting"喊叫的"；B. pointing"指向的"；C. screaming"尖叫的"；D. laughing"笑的"。根据空后"at a dozen of ‘stood' color marker pens, cheered excitedly"可知，此处描述的是孩子站在彩色标记笔前并兴奋地喊叫，所以"指向"是符合情境的动作。故选B。
42．句意：之后，他收集了一些圆珠笔，打算做同样的事情。A. intending"打算"；B. insisting"坚持"；C. requiring"要求"；D. urging"敦促"。根据空后"to do the same"可知，孩子想要用圆珠笔做和之前彩色标记笔一样的事情，故选A。
43．句意：尽管他很努力，但圆珠笔只是静静地躺在那里。A. still"静止的"；B. silent"安静的"；C. quiet"安静的"；D. flat"平坦的"。根据下文"He turned to me for help"可知，圆珠笔无法像立式彩色笔那样站立，所以"平坦的"是正确的描述。故选D。
44．句意：我注意到它们要么有尖的一端，要么有圆的一端，我不经意地说，"妈妈不能帮你。"A. deliberately"故意地"；B. enthusiastically"热情地"；C. casually"随意地"；D. unintentionally"无意地"。根据空前"Noticing they had either sharp or round ends"可知，作者在注意到笔的形状后随意地说出不能帮忙，她认为这是物理常识，所以没有放在心上，故选C。
45．句意：乔治在工作中总是全身心投入，很少与人交谈。A. buried"埋头苦干的"；B. interested"感兴趣的"；C. devoted"投入的"；D. busy"忙碌的"。根据空后" in his work and rarely talked to anyone"可知，乔治在工作中投入且少交流，故选A。
46．句意：我们的老板高度评价他，并激励我们将他视为榜样。A. little"很少"；B. well"很好地"；C. much"很"；D. highly"高度地"。根据空后"inspired us to look up to him as a role model"可知，老板对乔治的评价是正面且高度的，因为老板让我们拿他当模范来看待，故选D。
47．句意："可能今晚得工作到午夜才能离开，"他说。A. At random"随机地"；B. At times"有时"；C. At most"最多"；D. At least"至少"。根据上文"eighty or ninety "可知，乔治的回答暗示他的工作时间可能超过80或90小时，故选D。
48．句意：他慢慢地摇头并发出一声叹息。A. let out"放出"；B. let off"放过"；C. sent off"发送"；D. sent out"发出"。根据空前"He shook his head slowly"可知，乔治慢慢地摇了摇头，按照人之常情，接下来他会叹口气，也就是放出一口气，故选A。
49．句意："这不是我想要的。但我已经在这件事上工作了很长时间。放弃它太痛苦了。"A. encouraging "鼓励的"；B. comfortable"舒适的"；C. painful"痛苦的"；D. ashamed"羞愧的"。根据上文"It's not what I wanted. But I have worked on it for so long"可知，乔治不想这么做，他做这份工作已经很久了，所以提到放弃工作是太痛苦了，故选C。
50．句意：我辞职一年后，我最后一次听说他的消息是他的妻子和他离婚了。A. later"后来"；B. last "最后"；C. latter"后者"；D. lately"近来"。根据上文"A year later I resigned."可知，作者后来辞职了，所以也就没有和乔治见面了，所以乔治离婚的消息是他知道的最后消息，故选B。
51．句意：从那以后，我再也没见过他。但偶尔他的老形象会浮现在我的脑海中。A. picture"图片"；B. figure"数字"；C. reflection"反映"；D. image"形象"。根据上文"Since then I've never seen him"可知，作者再也没有见过乔治，但是脑海中会浮现出乔治的形象，故选D。
52．句意：直到那一天，那个两岁的孩子在多次失败后接受了不可能的事实。A. accepted"接受"；B. received"收到"；C. refused"拒绝"；D. rejected"拒绝"。根据下文"put aside all the ball pens"可知，孩子在多次尝试后接受了不可能的事实，他把这些立不起来的圆珠笔都扔到一边了，故选A。
53．句意：最终，他已经学会了放下他之前无用的尝试。A. Generally"通常地"；B. Eventually"最终"；C. Additionally"另外"；D. Obviously"明显地"。根据空后"he already learned to let go of…"可知，孩子最终学会了放弃，因为这是在多次尝试后的结果，故选D。
54．句意：最终，他已经学会了放下他之前无用的尝试。A. hopeful "希望的"；B. endless"无尽的"；C. meaningful"有意义的"；D. useless"无用的"。根据空前"he already learned to let go of"可知，孩子放下了之前的尝试，因为这些常识都失败了，也就是无用的。故选D。
55．句意：在我们的日常生活中，如果我们知道如何识别它们然后立即放下它们，许多头痛的事情都可以避免。A. clarify"澄清"；B. realize"意识到"；C. identify"识别"；D. acknowledge"承认"。根据空后"then let go of them immediately"可知，要立刻把让人头疼的事情放弃掉，那么首先就要能识别问题，故选C。
六、第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2024高二下·重庆市月考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Traveling on an airplane can be a very tiring task even in the best of circumstances.
A teenage boy with Down syndrome (唐氏综合征) who was traveling with his family had become upset and would not return to his seat, in spite of the cabin crew's warnings over the loudspeaker that it was almost time to land. In terms of such 　56． 　 situation, the pilot was forced to circle above the airport 　57． 　(temporary), delaying (延迟) the landing and angering people on the already tense flight.
Though the boy's elderly parents and adult brothers and sisters tried to persuade him to get off the floor and back into his seat, he was 　58． 　(oppose) to their advice resolutely. They seemed to be 　59． 　 despair. Subsequently, Murphy, 42 — who had been a teacher for about 20 years-glanced at the boy, stood up and quickly headed to the back of the plane.
She found the boy in the passage between rows of seats, lying on his belly (腹部). So she also lay down on her stomach to face him. She began chatting calmly with him, 　60． 　(ask) his name, his favorite book, and his favorite characters. He told her he felt sick and she tried to comfort him. Minutes later, he allowed her to hold his hand — and then together they got properly back into the airplane seats. Murphy asked for sick bags. and held them as the boy threw up (呕吐) several times. As she helped him clean up, she repeatedly told him everything would be okay and that they'd get through it together.
Thanks to his timely assistance, the plane was finally able to land safely on the ground. 　61． 　 one might expect, no one was impatient to step off the flight with parcels. Instead, calmed passengers — obviously following Murphy's amazing example — allowed the boy and his family 　62． 　(depart) first, smiling at them as they passed. His parents said they couldn't thank Murphy enough for what 　63． 　(do) by her already, and a doctor sitting nearby also let her know he had even taken notes on her expert way of having the situation handled. The doctor said, "You 　64． 　 have dealt with such a kind of case before, haven't you Your good deeds have made an impression on us. I want to express my deep 　65． 　(appreciate) for you."
【答案】56．a；57．temporarily；58．opposed；59．in；60．asking；61．As；62．to depart；63．had been done；64．must；65．appreciation
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了教师Murphy在飞机上帮助一位患有唐氏综合征的小男孩克服心理和身体的不适，使得飞机正常降落，并获得全体乘客赞许的故事。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及冠词，副词，形容词，介词，非谓语动词，状语从句，时态语态，情态动词，名词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
56．句意：在这种情况下，飞行员被迫暂时在机场上空盘旋，延误了降落，激怒了本已紧张的航班上的人们。此处表示"在这样一种情况下"，空处表示泛指，意为"一个"，应用不定冠词，且situation以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。
57．句意：在这种情况下，飞行员被迫暂时在机场上空盘旋，延误了降落，激怒了本已紧张的航班上的人们。此处修饰动词circle，temporary的副词形式temporarily符合题意，意为"暂时地"。故填temporarily。
58．句意：虽然男孩年迈的父母和成年的兄弟姐妹试图劝他离开地板，回到座位上，但他坚决反对他们的建议。此处形容词作表语，oppose的形容词形式opposed符合题意，意为"反对的"，构成固定短语be opposed to，意为"反对……"。故填opposed。
59．句意：他们似乎处于绝望之中。in despair固定短语，"处于绝望之中"，故填in。
60．句意：她开始平静地和他聊天，问他的名字，他最喜欢的书，他最喜欢的人物。ask和She逻辑上是主动关系，应用现在分词，此处作伴随状语，故填asking。
61．句意：正如人们所预料的那样，没有人迫不及待地拿着包裹走下飞机。结合句意可知，此处表示"如人们所预料的那样"，空处应用意为"像……一样，正如……"的从属连词as引导方式状语从句，且空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填As。
62．句意：相反，冷静下来的乘客——显然是在效仿Murphy的惊人榜样——允许男孩和他的家人先离开，并在他们经过时对他们微笑。allow sb. to do sth.，固定短语，"允许某人做某事"，故填to depart。
63．句意：他的父母说，他们对Murphy所做的一切感激不尽，坐在旁边的一位医生也告诉她，他甚至记下了她处理这种情况的专业方法。此处是宾语从句的谓语动词，时间状语为already，且主句时态为一般过去时，此处应用过去完成时，表示过去某一时间前就已经完成了的动作，do和主语what之间是被动关系，应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been done。
64．句意：你以前一定处理过这种病例。分析句子可知，空处应用情态动词和have dealt with组成谓语，结合医生说的话可知，此处是对过去的推测，表示"一定做过某事"，应用情态动词must。故填must。
65．句意：我想向您表达我深深的欣赏。分析句子可知，空处作express的宾语，空前有my deep，appreciate的名词形式appreciation符合题意，意为"欣赏"，是不可数名词。故填appreciation。
七、第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）
66．（2024高二下·重庆市月考）假定你是李华，昨天你校组织全体师生进行了一次消防演练活动，请为校英文报写一篇新闻报道，内容包括：
1. 活动目的；
2. 演练经过；
3. 活动反响。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
3. 参考词汇：evacuate 疏散，撤离 fire extinguishers 灭火器
A Firefighting Drill
【答案】Yesterday, a firefighting drill was conducted in our school with all teachers and students involved to arouse our awareness of fire prevention techniques.
The drill started with an alarm, hearing which students quickly evacuated the classrooms orderly under the guidance of the teachers to the appointed place. The fire escape routes were clearly marked, and fire extinguishers were readily available throughout the school. So it was five minutes later that all the building were emptied and students and teachers gathered on the playground. Our principal announced the drill was performed better than scheduled.
Both teachers and students appreciated the opportunity to learn about fire safety. Many expressed their gratitude for the school's initiative in organizing such a drill, as it increased their confidence and awareness in dealing with potential fire hazards.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以李华的身份 为校英文报写一篇新闻报道 。写作背景： 昨天你校组织全体师生进行了一次消防演练活动。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1. 活动目的；2. 演练经过；3. 活动反响。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：esterday, a firefighting drill was conducted in our school with all teachers and students involved to arouse our awareness of fire prevention techniques.运用了被动语态；The drill started with an alarm, hearing which students quickly evacuated the classrooms orderly under the guidance of the teachers to the appointed place.运用了现在分词作状语，宾语从句；The fire escape routes were clearly marked, and fire extinguishers were readily available throughout the school. 运用了并列句，被动语态；So it was five minutes later that all the building were emptied and students and teachers gathered on the playground.运用了强调句； Our principal announced the drill was performed better than scheduled.运用了宾语从句； Many expressed their gratitude for the school's initiative in organizing such a drill, as it increased their confidence and awareness in dealing with potential fire hazards.运用了原因状语从句。
八、第二节（满分25分）
67．（2024高二下·重庆市月考）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段 ，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Spotted lanternflies (斑点灯笼蝇) are an invasive species. Since 2014, they have been seen all across the eastern United States. The insects are harmful to many plants, and can disturb entire ecosystems. State officials have urged people to kill spotted lanternflies wherever they see them.
When Joy saw the pests in her school courtyard, she thought she had to do something. "I've always wanted to take environmental action," she says, "and show people that no one is ever too small to make a difference."
So she started a club called Squash (压扁). Its mission is to kill spotted lanternflies around the school. More than 20 students have joined. At first, they trapped the pests in empty water bottles and then squashed them. In a single day, the club managed to kill more than a hundred spotted lanternflies.
Joy wanted to do more. With research, she discovered a plant called milkweed. It's nutritious for pollinators (传粉昆虫) such as monarch butterflies but poisonous to spotted lanternflies. Joy thought that using milkweed along with the traps made specifically for spotted lanternflies would be a better way to kill them. The issue was that they didn't have enough money to buy milkweed and the traps.
The kids were hoping to raise money for their school to address the big problem. Their goal was to raise $200, the cost of the equipment needed to kill spotted lanternflies around their school. They got part of the way there, with about $75. They decided to attract more fundraisers. "We discovered that if you find your voice," Joy says, "you can do much more."
In May, Joy and other students from Squash gathered in Columbus Park, in New York City. They set up a table with lemonade, cookies, and origami figures for sale. The money will be used to buy milkweed and the traps.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
To attract more attention, the students divided their work into various roles.
As the day progressed, the students' efforts paid off.
【答案】To attract more attention, the students divided their work into various roles. Joy took charge of organizing the lemonade stand. She wore a T-shirt with the club's logo and approached passers-by with enthusiasm. Meanwhile, other Squash members were in charge of creating eye-catching posters and signs about the spotted lantern fly invasion. They strategically placed these materials around the park to educate people about the environmental threat and the importance of supporting their cause. The team also offered educational games and quizzes, encouraging participants to learn more about the impact of invasive species on local ecosystems.
As the day progressed, the students' efforts paid off. Gradually, more and more park-goers came up to their table, eager to support the cause. Their lemonade and cookies quickly sold out in no time. What's more, donations poured in, surpassing their initial goal of $200. Joy and her fellow students were overwhelmed by the support and generosity from the strangers. They felt a sense of accomplishment, realizing that their small action had sparked a ripple effect. The funds raised would enable them to purchase milkweed and the traps, expanding their efforts to protect not only their school courtyard but also other vulnerable areas in the city.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了乔伊想要清除校园里的害虫，于是创办了一个叫做"Squash"的俱乐部。它的任务是杀死学校周围的斑蝇。随着活动的开展，乔伊想要筹集更多的资金来解决这个大问题，于是她和社员开始摆摊，也得到了人们的支持。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"为了吸引更多的注意力，学生们把他们的任务分成了不同的角色"可知，第一段可描写乔伊组织活动的经过以及开展情况。②由第二段首句内容"随着时间的推移，学生们的努力得到了回报"可知，第二段可描写活动得到了人们的支持以及他们的感悟。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：They strategically placed these materials around the park to educate people about the environmental threat and the importance of supporting their cause.运用了不定式作目的状语； What's more, donations poured in, surpassing their initial goal of $200. 运用了现在分词作状语；Joy and her fellow students were overwhelmed by the support and generosity from the strangers. 运用了被动语态；They felt a sense of accomplishment, realizing that their small action had sparked a ripple effect.运用了现在分词作状语，宾语从句。
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