河南省信阳高级中学
2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试考前测试
英语试题
命题人：2024届英语命题组 审题人：2024届英语命题组
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号填写在本试卷上。
2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。涂写在本试卷上无效。
3.作答非选择题时，将答案书写在答题卡上，书写在本试卷上无效。
4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 1.5 分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例:How much is the shirt
A. 19.15.
B. 9.18.
C. 9.15
答案是 C。
1.Where does the conversation probably take place
A.In the book store.
B.In the register office.
C.In the dorm building.
2.What is the weather like now
A.Sunny.
B.Cloudy.
C.Rainy.
3.What does the man want to do on the weekend
A.Do some gardening.
B.Have a barbecue.
C.Go fishing.
4.What are the speakers talking about
A.A new office.
B.A change of their jobs.
C.A former colleague.
5.What do we know about Andrew
A.He's optimistic.
B.He's active.
C.He's shy.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.Which of the following does the woman dislike
A.The bedroom.
B.The sitting room
C.The kitchen.
7.What does the woman suggest they do next
A.Go to another agency.
B.See some other flats.
C.Visit the neighbours.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.What is the man doing
A.He's making a phone call.
B.He's chairing a meeting.
C.He's hosting a program.
9.What makes Mrs.Johnson worried about her daughter in Africa
A.Lack of medical support.
B.Inconvenience of communication.
C.Poor transportation system
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题
10.What position does the man apply for
A.A salesperson.
B.An engineer.
C.An accountant.
11.Which aspect of the company appeals to the man
A.The company culture.
B.The free accommodations.
C.The competitive pay.
12.What is difficult for the man to deal with
A.Interpersonal relationships.
B.Ouality-quantity balance.
C.Unplanned happenings.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.How does Robert sound when speaking of his being a writer
A.Hopeful.
B.Grateful.
C.Doubtful.
14.What was Robert like before he was 9 years old
A.He had wild imagination.
B.He enjoyed sports.
C.He loved science.
15.What did Robert's father do
A.A teacher.
B.A coach.
C.A librarian.
16.What helped Robert become a writer
A.Writing daily.
B.Listening to stories.
C.Reading extensively.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.Where was Open Tchaikovsky Competition held in 1986
A.In Moscow.
B.In Chelyabinsk.
C.In Berlin
18.What does Maxim say about the competition he attended at 10
A.It inspired many young musicians
B.It was the music event of his dreams.
C.It was a life-changing experience
19.Which kind of music are the young players required to play!
A.Rock music.
B.Pop music.
C.Classical music.
20.What does Maxim value most in young players' performance
A.Expressiveness.
B.Smoothness.
C.Completeness.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
A language corpus(语料库)is a huge collection of texts taken from print,video,audio and other sources.It is a powerful tool that can help you learn more about English words and phrases.
The Corpus of Contemporary American English,or COCA,contains over one billion words from 1990 to 2019.And it has many ways to help learners find out more about how words are used.
How to use COCA
First,you will need to register with COCA to use the collection.You can register for two kinds of accounts.A free account limits you to 20 searches for words within any 24-hour period.A paid account will give you 200 searches within any 24-hour period
Here are the steps for using COCA to find examples of how a word is used.We will use the word profound to show this.
·On the home page.type the word profound in the white search box on the left side of the screen.
·Click“find matching strings”just below the search box.This will take you to a new web-page
·On this new page.you will see the word profound in blue.Click on it.
·You will now see a page with 100 examples using the word profound,and the word profound is shown in green.The source of each example is shown on the left side.
·If you click on the source on the left,COCA will show you a larger part of the text containing the example.
·If you want to see more examples,click the two forward page arrows >>at the top or bottom left.This brings you to the next 100 examples.In this way,you might find more kinds of sources for the examples.
21.What is COCA
A.A textbook on American English changes.
B.A report about the development of English.
C.An Essential tool for beginners of English.
D.A database of Contemporary American English.
22.What is the disadvantage of a free account
A.Only 200 searches available.
C.Only 20 examples per word.
B.Less usage within 24 hours.
D.Difficulty in applying for an account.
23.How can you find a broader source for each example
A.Reenter this word on the home page.
B.Click another page with 100 more examples.
C.Click on the left side of the relevant example.
D.lick page arrows at the top or bottom left.
B
I ask every student I interview for admission to my institution,Pitzer College,the same question,“What do you look forward to the most in college ”I was stunned and delighted recently when a student sat across from me and replied,“I look forward to the possibility of failure.”Of course,this is not how most students respond to the question when siting before the person who can make decisions about their academic futures,but this young man took a risk.“You see,my parents have never let me fail,”he said.“When I want to take a chance at something,they remind me it's not a safe route to take.Taking a more rigorous course or trying an activity I may not succeed in,they tell me,will ruin my chances at college admission.Even the sacrifice of staying up late to do something unrelated to school,they see it as a risk to my academic work and college success.”
Kid all over the world admit they are under tremendous pressure to be perfect.So students are usually in shock when I chuckle and tell them I never expect perfection.How could a dean of admission at one of Aerica's most selective institutions not want the best and the brightest The reality is that perfection doesn't exist.
I've spent enough time in high schools to know teenagers will never be perfect.They do silly things,mess up,fall down,and lack confidence.The ability to bounce back is a fundamental life skill students have to learn on their own.The lessons of failure can't be taught in a classroom;they are experienced and reflected upon.During my weekend of interviews,another student told me,“I'm ashamed to admit I failed precalculus,but I decided to take it again and got a B-plus.I'm now taking calculus,and even though I don't love it,I'm glad I pushed through!”I asked him what he learned from the experience.“I learned to let go of shame,"he said.“I realized that I can't let a grade define my success.I also learned that if you ant anything bad enough,you can achieve it.”
I smiled as I wrote his words down on the application-review form.This kid will thrive on my campus.Not only will the faculty love him,but he has the coping skills he needs to adjust to the rigors of life in a residential college setting.Failure is about growth,learning,overcoming,and moving on.Let's allow young people to fail.Not only will they learn something,it might even get them into college.
24.What does the underlined word“rigorous”in the first paragraph mean
A fun
B.lively
C.strict
D.special
25.What can we learn from the student mentioned in paragraph 3
A.Teachers can help students to admit failure
B.Parents define their children's success by grades.
C.Teenagers get lessons of failure through experiences.
D.Young people spend enough time letting go of shame.
26.Why did the author smile as he wrote the student's words down on the application-reviewform
A.Because the college teachers would love the student for his perfection.
B.Because he succeeded in persuading the student into the college.
C.Because the student realized his dream of being a perfect person.
D.Because he thought the student would have a promising future.
27.What would be the best title for the passage
A.Learn to Fail
C.Try to Succeed
B.Live to Learn
D.Decide to Experience
C
With a brain the size of a pinhead,insects possess a great sense of direction.They manage to locate themselves and move through small openings.How do they do this with their limited brainpower Understanding the inner workings of an insect's brain can help us in our search towards energy-efficient computing,physicist Elisabetta Chicca of the University of Groningen shows with her most recent result:a robot that acts like an insect.
It's not easy to make use of the images that come in through your eyes when deciding what your feet or wings should do.A key aspect here is the apparent motion of things as you move.“Like when you're on a train,”Chicca explains.“The trees nearby appear to move faster than the houses far away.”Insects use this information to infer how far away things are.This works well when moving in a straight line,but reality is not that simple.To keep things manageable for their limited brain power,they adjust their behaviour:they fly in a straight line,make a turn,then make another straight line.
In search of the neural mechanism(神经机制)that drives insect behaviour,PhD student Thorben Schoepe developed a model of its neuronal activity and a small robot that uses this model to find the position.His model is based on one main principle:always head towards the area with the least apparent motion.He had his robot drive through a long passage consisting of two walls and the robot centred in the middle of the passage,as insects tend to do.In other virtual environments,such as a space with small openings,his model also showed similar behaviour to insects.
The fact that a robot can find its position in a realistic environment is not new.Rather,the model gives insight into how insects do the job,and how they manage to do things so efficiently.In a similar way,you could make computers more efficient.
In the future,Chicca hopes to apply this specific insect behaviour to a chip as well.“Instead of using a general-purpose computer with all its possibilities,you can build specific hardware;a tiny chip that does the job,keeping things much smaller and energy-efficient.”She comments.
28.Why is“a train”mentioned in Parggraph2
A.To illustrate the principle of train motion.
B.To highlight why human vision is limited.
C.To explain how insects perceive distances.
D.To compare the movement of trees and houses.
29.What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about concerning Schoepe's model
A.Its novel design.
C.Its possible application.
B.Its theoretical basis.
D.Its working mechanism.
30.What do the researchers think of the finding
A.Amusing
B.Discouraging.
C.Promising.
D.Contradictory.
31.What will Chicca's follow-up study focus on
A.Inventing insect-like chips
C.Creating insect-inspired computers.
B.Studying general-purpose robots.
D.Developing energy-efficient hardware.
D
Genetic testing companies have a long history of creative attempts to reach the mainstream
An early example was the sequencing of rock star Ozzy Osbourne's genes in 2010,with accompanying guess about how they might have influenced his drug habits.
Lately,such projects have taken on a ney,highly commercialized tendency.In 2017,we got the“Marmite(马麦酱)gene project,”run by London-based genetic testing start-up DNAfit.It claims to show that love or hate for Marmite was in our genes.The project turned into a full-blown marketing campaign,and even sold Marmite-branded DNA testing tools.
DNAfit is now working with Mercedes-Benz to find out whether specific genetic traits are associated with business wisdom.AncestryDNA,the world's largest consumer genetic testing company,last year teamed up with Spotify to promote“music tailored to your DNA.”Just a few weeks ago,23andMe,the second largest,announced a partnership ith Airbnb to provide genetically tailored travel experiences,also inspired by ancestral DNA.
I have skin in this game.I run a genetic-testing start-up that connects people who want their genome sequenced with researchers who want data to improve their understanding of genetic disease.I believe that broadening access to DNA testing can be a powerful force for good,providing safer,more effective medicines and giving people more power over their healthcare But these campaigns risk discrediting the industry,by giving a misleading impression of what genetics can and can't say and its role in determining behaviours and personal preferences.
Take the Marmite study.It covered 261 people —tiny,by the standards of the field.It was published not in a journal,but online on bioRxiv,a server where scientists typically put results before peer-review.Shortly after,researchers looked at the genetic data of more than 500 times as many people in the UK Biobank and found no such correlation.A large peer-reviewed study in2013 found no significant link between genes and business common sense.
We need to inform the public about what this is all about:that is,the gathering of large amounts of genetic data.We need better regulation to ensure that consumers are clear that this may happen with this sensitive personal information.A checkbox on a 20-page web document full of legal terms should not be enough.
Scientists too,need to start asking hard questions about whether the information they are using has been sourced ethically(论理、道德).DNA testing has a great future,but we can't build this future with data acquired by any means.
32.The author mentions DNAfit,AncestryDNA and 23andMe in order to
A.highlight the problems facing genetic testing
B.illustrate the commercial applications of DNA
C.compare what progress the companies have made
D.reveal the link between DNA and a person's character
33.We can learn from“I have skin in this game”in Para.4 that the author
A.is challenging the available treatment for skin disease
B.has a personal investment in the genetic-testing business
C.hopes to remove people's misunderstanding of the game rules
D.believes that every individual should have access to DNA testing
34.What do the last two paragraphs mainly talk about
A.The disadvantages of genetic testing
B.The scientific value of genetic testing
C.The legal system genetic testing needs
D.The essentials for proper genetic testing.
35.Which of the following might be the best title for the passage
A.DNA Is Anything but a Marketing Too
B.Genetic Testing Campaigns Aren't legal
C.Creative Marketing Is Key to Genetic Testing
D.DNA Testing Has Become a Booming Industry
第二节(共5题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Nature soothes(抚慰)our stressed-out souls.We know that nature is the best prescription,and new research suggests we can gain benefits while visiting parks.
36 The study published in the International Journal of Environmental Health Research found that spending 20 minutes in a city park can make you happier,regardless of whether you use that time to exercise or not.
"In general,we found park visitors reported an improvement in emotional well-being(幸福感)after the park visit the study's lead author and University of Alabama at Birmingham professor Hon K.Yuen said in a statement.“ 37 ”Instead,we found time spent in the park isB7related to improved emotional well-being.”
For the study,94 adults visited three city parks in Mountain Brook,Alabama,completing a questionnaire about their subjective well-being before and after their visit. 38 A visit of between 20 and 25 minutes showed the best results,with a roughly 64%increase in the participants' self-reported well-being,even if they didn’t move a great deal in the park. 39
The study group was truly small as the study’s co-author and another UAB professor.Gavin Jenkins,acknowledges. 40 The challenge facing cities is that there is increasing evidence about the value of city parks but we continue to see the decrease of these spaces.
A.Something was used to track their physical activity
B.You usually visit a small green space in your neighborhood
C.However,its findings pointed out the importance of city parks
D.If you want to feel happier,you just need to exercise for 20 minutes in a park
E.The best part is that you needn't visit a national park or go far out of your way
F.This means people can benefit from visiting a nearby park,regardless of physical ability.
G.But we didn't find levels of physical activity are linked to improved emotional well-being.
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Before I lived in Pakistan,I was always with my grandfather.We were never 41 :I followed him wherever he went.He would never get 42 with me when I wouldn't learn to do things.He always tried to cheer me up anytime I was in a bad 43 .I thought we would always live together.
However,on the morning of June 20,2009,when I was 5,I went to 44 grandfather.but he wouldn't open his eyes.I was 45 ,thinking he was just playing a game with me,but after trying for a while,I started getting 46 .When my parents arrived,they explained solemnly(庄重地)to me his body didn't work anymore.Slowly,I began to understand but couldn't face the truth.I stayed 47 in my room,not speaking to anyone.
My parents had to call a psychologist(心理医生).Sonia was very kind,showing deep 48 towards me.She said it was understandable to feel sad about death,but that didn't mean that I 49 doing things that I used to do.Soon I started playing with my friends and talking to my family.My parents were pleased with my 50 .When I told them the pain I was going through,my eyes were filled with the 51 instead of tears.
Dealing with a death of a family member is 52 ,so it's hard to know what the right thing to do is.My grandfather's death made me realize that my life must move on,and that if I 53 my feelings,it would be hard for me to overcome the pain.I'm now starting to forget the 54 details of the time that he and I spent together,but I will never forget him and the 55 he gave to me.
41. A. apart
42. A. upset
43. A. mind
44. A. wake up
45. A. silent
46. A. sad
47. A. trapped
48. A. motivation
49. A. quit
50. A. ambition
51. A. loneliness
52. A. embarrassed
53. A. brought about
54. A. blank
55. A. love
B. alike
B. occupied
B. mood
B. pick up
B. hesitant
B. annoyed
B. fenced
B. sympathy
B. risk
B. liberty
B. suffering
B. complicated
B. made out
B. main
B. ability
C. aside
C. happy
C. spirit
C. take up
C. innocent
C. mad
C. 1ocked
C. regret
C. advocate
C. attitude
C. memories
C. inspired
C. held back
C. major
C. fortune
D. around
D. impatient
D. condition
D. put up
D. confident
D. nervous
D. caged
D. warmth
D. postpone
D. progress
D. hatred
D. puzzled
D. let off
D. minor
D. experience
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Among the Han people,which make up a vast majority of 56 (China)total population,the passage into adulthood is no longer celebrated, 57 in those very traditional families.In ancient times,this ceremony marked a person's transition to adulthood and 58 (refer)to as the capping or hair-pinning ceremony.
This ceremony started from the clan society(氏族社会)and continued to be held until the Qing Dynasty.The Manchu rulers then felt that this ceremony was 59 (meaning)and abolished this ceremony which 60 (last)for thousands of years.From then on the Han people have to enter the stage of adulthood without knowing it.Nowadays,it is mainly in those minor ethnic groups that this life passage is still celebrated.In some parts of China,this ceremony is experiencing a 61 (revive).
When a young man reached 18 or 20 years old,the capping ceremony, 62 (consist)of several procedures,would be held.The hair of the young man should be done up and pinned,and after 63 three caps of different materials should be placed on the youth's head.The hair-pinning ceremony, 64 the mother or another senior pinned the girl's hair,would be held when a girl was 15 years old.
There are other interesting customs concerned.For example,boys of the Yao nationality have to pass about ten dangerous tests and take oaths(宣誓) 65 (conduct)bad deeds.
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
请观察下图两幅漫画，完成一篇作文。
1.描述漫画内容；2.解读漫画含义；3.表述你的观点。
注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下而材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A Hearty Welcome
Chase counted his new year gifts one more time as he put a robot-shaped eraser into each envelope.“Twenty,twenty-one,twenty-two.”
“Do you have one for everyone in your class ”Mom asked.
“Yep!”Chase said.“I'm ready for the party tomorrow!”
When Chase got to school the next day,he saw a new girl in his classroom.She stood near Ms.Robins and looked around shyly.
“This is Eva,”said Ms.Robins."Will someone volunteer to show her around today “Chase raised his hand since he liked showing the new kids around and helping them feel welcome.
“Thanks,Chase,“Ms.Robins said.“Now let's get down to our work.”
That's when Chase realized he didn't have a new year gift for Eva.No one else would have one either.Chase pictured his classmates' desks covered with gifts while Eva's desk was empty.He felt sad about that.
At a break,he was careful not to mention the party as he showed Eva around the playground.At lunchtime,he walked Eva to the lunchroom,still worried about what would happen at the party.Eva had brought a packed lunch.So Chase showed her where she was supposed to sit and introduced her to some of the kids at her table.
While eating,Chase suddenly remembered that kids often included candy hearts with the new year gifts they exchanged.This won't be a New Year's Day for Eva with no gifts.But as he sat down at his table,an idea flooded into his head.He whispered it to the kids around him.Soon everyone at the table was nodding and whispering.
When they were back in the classroom after lunch,Chase told Ms.Robins about their plan Ms.Robins smiled.“That's very thoughtful,“she said.“Let's go for it.”
It was math time,so Chase invited Eva to study with him.He made sure Eva sat with her back to the room so she wouldn't notice.
1.续写词数应为150左右：
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位登作答。
Meanwhile,her new classmates were busying working on something
“Here's your new year gift,Eva.It's from everyone,”said Chase.河南省信阳高级中学
2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试考前测试
英语答案
21.D 22.B 23.C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了当代关国英语语料库的使用方法。21.细节理解题。根据第二段“The Corpus of Contemporary American English,or COCA,contains over one billion words from 1990 to 2019.And it has many ways to help learners find out more about how,words are used.(当代美国英语语料库(COCA)从1990年到2019年包含了超过10亿个单词。它有很多方法来帮助学习者更多地了解单词是如何使用的)”可知，COCA是当代美国英语数据库。故选D。
22.细节理解题。根据第三段“A free account limits you to 20 searches for words within any 24-hour period.(免费帐户限制您在任何24小时内搜索20个单词)”可知，免费帐户的缺点是24小时内限制使用。故选B。
23。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“If you click on the source on the left,COCA will show you a large part of the text containing the example.(如果您点击左侧的源代码，COCA将显示包含示例的大部分文本)”可知，单击相关示例左侧的可以为每个示例找到更广泛的来源。故选C.
24.C 25.C 26.D 27.A
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者是大学的面试官，但是从不会期待学生做得过于完美，因为作者认为有失败经历的申请才是真实的一位面试者的自述和作者提及的一个学生也表明学生也应该从失败中获益
24.词句猜测题。由第一段中“When I want.take.Taking a more rigorous course or trying an activity I may not succeed in,they tell me,will ruin my chances at college admission.(当我想在某件事上碰碰运气时，他们提醒我这不是一条安全的路。他们告诉我，参加一门更rigorous课程或尝试一项我可能不会成功的活动，都会毁掉我大学录取的机会)”可知，这个学生想碰运气去获得成功，其父母却告诫他这么做会毁掉大学录取的机会，比如尝试一项自己可能不会成功的活动会毁掉大学录取的机会，Taking a more rigorous course应与trying an activity I may not succeed呼应，可得出碰运气去参加一门更严格的课程可能会让这个学生大学录取失败，画线词意为“严格的(strict)”。故选C项。
25.推理判断题。由第三段中“The lessons of failure can't be taught in a classroom;they are experienced and reflected upon.(失败的教训不能在课堂上教授；它们需要经历和反思)”和“During my weekend of interviews...bad enough,you can achieve it.”(在我周末的面试中，另一名学生告诉我，“我很惭愧地承认我的微积分考试不及格，但我决定再考一次，并获得了B+。我现在正在学习微积分，尽管我不喜欢它，但我很高兴我成功了!”我问他从这次经历中学到了什么。“我学会了放下羞耻，”他说。“我意识到，我不能让分数来定义我的成功。我还学到，如果你想要足够糟糕的东西，你就能实现。”)”可知，作者认为失败的教训不能在课堂上教授，它是通过经历和反思才能获得的，作者提到的学生微积分考试不及格后再考成绩不错，这个学生还从这次失败的经历中获益良多，说明青少年从经验中吸取失败的教训。故选C项。
26.推理判断题。由最后一段中*This kid will thrive on...rigors of life in a residential college setting.(这个孩子会在我的校园里茁壮成长的。教员们不仅会喜欢他，而且他有应对能力，能够适应寄宿大学环境中的严酷生活)”可推知，作者在申请审查表上写下学生的话时面带微笑，是因为他认为这个学生在校园里会茁壮成长、受老师喜爱、有优点，这个学生会前途光明。故选D项。
27.主旨大意题。通读全文和最后一段中“Failure is about growth,learning,overcoming,and moving on.Let's allow young people to fail.Not only will they learn something,it might even get them into college.(失败关乎成长、学习、克服和继续前进。让我们允许年轻人失败。他们不仅会学到一些东西，甚至可能进入大学)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者是大学的面试官，但是从不会期待学生做得过于完美，因为作者认为有失败经历的申请才是真实的，一位面试者的自述和作者提及的一个学生也表明学生也应该从失败中获益，作者最想告诉我们的是学生要从对失败的积极态度中受益，A项“学会失败”符合文意。故选A项。
【答案】28.C 29.D 30.C 31.A
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了物理学家Elisabeta Chica的最新研究成果：一个模仿昆虫行为的机器人，该机器人能够帮助人们理解昆虫大脑的运作机制，并探讨了这种机制在提高计算机能效方面的潜在应用。
28.推理判断题。根据第二段“A key aspect here is the apparent motion of things as you move.“Like when you're on a train,"Chicca explains.“The trees nearby appear to move faster than the houses far away.”Insects use this information to infer how far away things are(这里的一个关键方面是当你移动时物体的明显运动。“就像你在火车上一样，”Chicca解释道。“附近的树似乎比远处的房子移动得快。”昆虫利用这些信息来推断物体的距离)”ash可推知，本段提到火车是为了解释昆虫如何感知距离的。故选C项。
29.主旨大意题。根据第三段“In search of the neural mechanism(神经机制)that drives insect behaviour,PhD student Thorben Schoepe developed a model of its neuronal activity and a small robot that uses this model to find the position.His model is based on one main principle:always head towards the area with the least apparent motion.He had his robot drive through a long passage consisting of two walls and the robot centred in the middle of the passage,as insects tend to do.In other virtual environments,such as a space with small openings,his model also showed similar behaviour to insects.(为了寻找驱动昆虫行为的神经机制，博士生Thorben Schoepe开发了一个昆虫神经活动模型，并开发了一个小型机器人，利用这个模型来找到昆虫的位置。他的模型基于一个主要原则：总是朝着运动最不明显的区域前进。他让他的机器人穿过一条由两堵墙组成的长通道，机器人就像昆虫一样，站在通道的中间。在其他虚拟环境中，比如有小开口的空间，他的模型也表现出与昆虫相似的行为)”可知，关于Schoepe的模型，本段主要讨论了它的工作机制。故选D项。
30.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“In a similar way,you could make computers more efficient.(同样地，你可以使计算机更有效率)”以及最后一段“In the future,Chica hopes to apply this specific insect behaviour to a chip as well.“Instead of using a general-purpose computer with all its possibilities,you can build specific hardware;a tiny chip that does the job,keeping things much smaller and energy-effcient.”She comments(将来，Chicca希望将昆虫的这种特殊行为也应用到芯片上。“你可以构建特定的硬件，而不是使用具有所有功能的通用计算机；一个微小的芯片就能完成这项工作，让物体变得更小、更节能。”她评论道)”可推知，研究人员认为这一发现可以让物体变得更小、更节能，所以是有前途的。故选C项。
31.推理判断题。根据最后一段“In the future,Chicca hopes to apply this specific insect behaviour to a chip as well."Instead of using a general-purpose computer with all its possibilities,you can build specific hardware;a tiny chip that does the job,keeping things much smaller and energy-efficient.”She comments.(将来，Chicca希望将昆虫的这种特殊行为也应用到芯片上。“你可以构建特定的硬件，而不是使用具有所有功能的通用计算机；一个微小的芯片就能完成这项工作，让物体变得更小、更节能。”她评论道)”可推知，Chicca的后续研究重点是将昆虫的这种特殊行为应用到芯片上。故选A项。
【答案】32.B 33.B 34.D 35.A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了DNA检测项目倾向于商业趋势，并列举了一些例子加以说明。
指出DNA测试有一个美好的未来，但我们不能利用获得的数据来建立这个未来。
32.推理判断题。根据第二段“Lately,such projects have taken on a new,highly commercialized tendency.In 2017,we got the“Marmite(马麦酱)gene project,”run by London-based genetic testing start-up DNAfit.It claims to show that love or hate for Marmite was in our genes.(最近，这类项目呈现出一种新的、高度商业化的趋势。2017年，我们得到了由伦敦基因检测初创公司DNAfit运营的“马麦酱基因项目”。它声称对马麦酱的爱或恨存在于我们的基因中。)”以及“The project turned into a full-blown marketing campaign,and even sold Marmite-branded DNA testing tools.(这个项目变成了一场全面的营销活动，甚至还出售了Marmite-branded DNA检测工具)”以及下文提到的“Ancestry DNA”,“23andMe”和两大检测公司的推广活动，可推断，作者提到DNAfit,AncestryDNA和23andMe是为了说明DNA的商业应用。故选B。
33.推理判断题。根据第四段“I have skin in this game.I run a genetic-testing start-up that connects people who want their genome sequenced with researchers who want data to improve their understanding of genetic disease(我与这场游戏有利害关系。我经营着一家基因检测初创公司，将那些想要基因组测序的人与想要数据以提高对遗传疾病理解的研究人员联系起来)”可知，从第4段的“T have skin in this game”中得知，作者在基因检测业务上有个人投资。故选B。
34.主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“We need to inform the public about what this is all about:that is,the gathering of large amounts of genetic data.We need better regulation to ensure that consumers are clear that this may happen with this sensitive personal information.A checkbox on a 20-page web document full of legal terms should not be enough.(我们需要告知公众这是怎么回事：也就是说，收集大量的基因数据。我们需要更好的监管，以确保淮费者清楚，这些敏感的个人信息可能会发生这种情况。在一份20页的网页文件中，一个复选框是不够的)以及最后一段科学家们也需要开始提出一些尖锐的问题，即他们所使用的信息的来源是否符合道德规范。DNA测试有一个关好的未来，但无论如何我们不能利用获得的数据来建立这个未来”可知，最后两段主要讲了正确o0d的基因检测的基本。故选D。
35.主旨大意题。根据第一段“Genetic testing companies have a long history of creative attempts to reach the mainstream.An early example was the sequencing of rock star Ozzy Osbourne's genes in 2010,with accompanying guess about how they might have influenced his drug habits.(长期以来，基因检测公司一直在创造性地尝试进入主流市场。一个早期的例子是2010年对摇滚明星奥兹·奥斯本的基因进行测序，并随之猜测这些基因可能如何影响了他的吸毒习惯)”结合文章主要说明了DNA检测项目倾向于商业趋势，并列举了一些例子加以说明指出DNA测试有一个美好的未来，但我们不能利用获得的数据来建立这个未来。可推断，A选项“DNA绝不是营销工具”最符合文章标题。故选A。
36.E 37.G 38.A 39.F 40.C
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现参观公园会提升我们的幸福感。
36.根据空后“.spending 20 minutes in a city park can make you happier,regardless of whether you use that time to excise or not.”可知，在公园里呆20分钟就能让你更快乐，不管你是否利用这段时间锻炼身体，故E项(最棒的是，你不必去国家公园，也不必走太远的路)符合语境。
37.根据空后“Instead,we found in the park is related to improved emotional well being.”可知，相反，我们发现在公园里与情绪改善有关，故G项(然而，我们没有发现身体活动水平与情绪改善有关)符合语境。
38.根据空后“A visit of between 20 and 25 minutes showed the best results”可知，20到25分钟的参观显示出最好的结果，参与者的幸福感增加了约64%,即使他们在公园里不怎么运动，故A项(有一些东西被用来追踪他们的身体活动)符合语境。
39.根据空前“A visit of between 20 and 25 minutes showed the best results,with a roughly 64% increase in the participants self-reported well-being.even if they didn't move a great deal n the park."可知，20到25分钟的参观显示出最好的结果，参与者的幸福感增加了约64%,即使他们在公园里不怎么运动，故F项(这意味着人们可以从参观附近的公园中受益，无论他们的身体运动情况如何)符合语境。
40.根据空前“The study group was truly small,as the study’s co-author and another UAB professor,Gavin Jenkis,acknowledges.”可知，正如研究报告的合著者，UAB的另一位教授Gavin Jenkins所说的那样，研究小组的规模确实很小，故C项(然而、研究结果指出了城市公园的重要性)符合语境
41.A 42.D 43.B 44.A 45.C 46.D 47.C 48.B 49.A 50.D
51.C 52.B 53.C 54.D 55.A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者主要讲述了在自己的童年时期，爷爷的去世给作者造成了巨大的心灵创伤。后来在心理医生索尼娅的干预之下，作者渐渐明白，活着的人要为逝去的亲人继续前行。
41.考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们从来不分开，他走到哪里我都会跟到哪里。A.apart分离；B.alike像；C.aside在……旁边；D.around在...周围。根据后文“I followed him wherever he went”可知，此处表示我和爷爷从来不分开，故选A。
42.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我学不会某件事时，他也不会没有耐心。A.upset生气；B.occupied忙的，被占用的；C.happy高兴；D.impatient无耐心的。根据后文“when I wouldn't learn to do things”可知，此处表示学不会某事时，也不会没有耐心，故选D。
43.考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我心情不好时，他会让我高兴起来。A.mind思维，大脑；B.mood心情；C.spirit精神；D.condition情况。根据前文“He always tried to cheer me up anytime”可知，此处表示我心情不好时，故选B.
44.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当我5岁时，我去叫爷爷起床，但是他没有睁开眼睛。A.wake up叫醒；B.pick up拾起，拿起；C.take up占据；D.put up搭建，张贴。根据后文他没有睁开眼睛可知，此处表示我去叫醒爷爷，故选A。
45.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很幼稚，认为他是在和我玩游戏。A.silent沉默的；B.hesitant犹豫不决的；C.innocent天真的，幼稚的；D.confident有信心的。根据后文我以为他在和我玩游戏可知，此处表示5岁的我很天真，故选C。
46.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是试了一会儿后，我开始变得紧张起来。A.sad伤心的；B.annoyed恼怒的；C.mad生气的；D.nervous担忧的，紧张的。根据前文尝试了叫了一会儿，可是爷爷还没醒，此处表示我变得担心起来，故选D。
47.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我把自己锁在房间里，不跟任何人说话。A.trapped被困住的；B,fenced被隔开的；C.locked被锁的；D.caged被关在笼子里的。根据后文“not speaking to anyone”可知，此处表示我将自己关在房间里，故选C
48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：Sonia非常友好，对我表示深深的同情。A.motivation动力；B.sympathy同情心；C.regret悔恨；D.warnth温暖。根据前文我爷爷死了，我很伤心可知，此处表示Sonia对我表示了同情，故选B。
49.考查动词词义辨析。句意；她对我说，对于爷爷的死，我感到很悲伤是可以理解的，但是这并不意味着我就要放弃做之前的事情。A.quit停止，放弃；B.risk冒险；C.advocate拥护，提倡；D.postpone延期，推迟。根据前文我将自己关在房间里，不跟任何人交流可知，此处Sonia劝我不要停止做之前的事，故选A。
50.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的父母对我的进步感到很满意。A.ambition抱负；B.liberty自由；C.attitude态度；D.progress进步。根据前文“Soon I started playing with my friends and talking to my family”可知，此处表示我的进步，故选D。
51.考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我告诉他们我所经历的痛苦时，我的眼睛里不是眼泪，而是对爷爷的回忆。A.loneliness孤独；B.suffering痛苦；C.memories回忆；D.hatred仇恨。根据前文我也要死了，我很伤心，在Sonia的开导下，我得到了释怀可知，此处表示我眼睛不再流泪了，全是对爷爷的回忆，故选C。
52.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：应对家人的死是很困难，因此就很说什么才是正确的做法。A.embarrassed尴尬的；B complicated复杂的；C.inspired受到鼓舞的；D.puzzled困惑的。根据后文“so it’s hard to know what
the right thing to do is”可知，此处表示应对家人的死是很困难的，故选B。
53.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：爷爷的死让我懂得，生活必须前进，如果我压抑我的情感的话，我就很难克服痛苦。A.brought about导致，带来；B.made out理解，明白；C.held back抑制住；D.let off放出，宽恕。根据前文我将自己锁在房间里可知，此处表示我之前压抑着我的情感，故选C。
54.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，我开始忘记我和爷爷共处的那些小的细节，但是我绝不会忘记他以及他给予我的爱。A.blank空白的；B.main主要的；C.major主要的，重大的；D.minor较小的，次要的。根据后文我不会忘记爷爷对我的爱可知，此处表示我开始忘记了和爷爷共处的那些小的细节，故选D。
55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，我开始忘记我和爷爷共处的那些小的细节，但是我绝不会忘记他以及他给予我的爱。A.love爱；B.ability能力；C.fortune运气；D.experience经验，经历。根据前文作者从小和爷爷生活在一起可知，此处表示作者无法忘记爷爷所给予他的爱。故选A。
【答案】56.China's 57.except 58.was referred 59.meaningless 60.had lasted
61.revival 62.consisting 63.that 64.when 65.not to conduct
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了中国古代的成人礼——“冠礼”或“笄礼”。
56.考查名词所有格。句意：在占中国总人口绝大多数的汉族人中，除了那些非常传统的家庭外，他们不再庆祝成年。此处China与population为所属关系，应用名词所有格形式。故填China's。
57.考查介词。句意：在占中国总人口绝大多数的汉族人中，除了那些非常传统的家庭外，他们不再庆祝成年。表示“除了...”,后跟名词作宾语，应用介词except。故填except。
58.考查固定短语。句意：在古代，这个仪式标志着一个人向成年的过渡，被称为“冠礼”或“笄礼”。表示“被称为"be referred to as,根据上文可知为一般过去时，主语为this ceremony,谓语用单数。故填was referred.
59.考查形容词。句意：满族统治者觉得这个仪式毫无意义，于是废除了这个延续了几千年的仪式。作表语，表示“毫无意义”应用形容词meaningless。故填meaningless。
60.考查时态。句意：满族统治者觉得这个仪式毫无意义，于是废除了这个延续了几千年的仪式。根据后文for thousands of years”可知表示过去的过去，用过去完成时。故填had lasted。
61.考查名词。句意：在中国的一些地区，这个仪式正在复兴。作动词的宾语，结合不定冠词可知应用单数名词revival,故填revival。
62.考查非谓语动词。句意：当一个年轻人达到18岁或20岁时，将举行由几个程序组成的冠礼仪式。分析句子结构可知consist与逻辑主语ceremony构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填consisting.
63.考查代词。句意：年轻人的头发应该梳起来，别住，然后给年轻人戴上三顶不同材质的帽子。作介词的宾语，且指代上文的行为，应用代词that,故填that。
64.考查定语从句。句意：当女孩15岁时，会举行及笄仪式，由母亲或其他长辈把女孩的头发扎起来。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词The hair-pinning ceremony,在从句作时间状语，故填when。
65.考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，瑶族的男孩必须通过大约十项危险的测试，并发誓不做坏事。短语take oaths not to do sth.表示“发誓不做某事”。故填not to conduct。
写作一：
【范文赏析】
As is depicted in the picture,a young man,reluctant to teach his father to use the cell phone,is very warm-hearted to help an old lady he meets in the park.The purpose of this cartoon is to reveal an alarming fact that people may be generous to others only for the sake of social image.
Love,responsibility,and social image are the three primary motivations for people to help others.Helping strangers in public enables people to establish a favorable social image.(and provides them with excellent self-satisfaction and a sense of pride.)While we should not deny its importance in building positive social connections,this motivation is indeed not that selfless in nature.Taking care of one's parents,on the other hand,is an action out of love and responsibility,which requires people to put aside their own benefits.(and be entirely devoted to others.)
In conclusion,being kind to one's parents is a selfless deed without material or reputational reward.Therefore it can always serve as a criterion for individuals to judge others and,more importantly,reflect on their own behaviors.
读后续写
Meanwhile,her new classmates were busying working on something.They were going to give Eva their“hearts”.Quickly but quietly,Ms.Robins,with an exquisite paper bag she fetched from her office,was walking around the classroom to collect the candy hearts.Growing heavy with the paper bag was the students' welcome for their new classmate.Sitting beside Eva,Chase felt his heart racing and palms sweating.In order not to ruin the new year surprise for Eva,he pretended to be discussing math problems with her to occupy her attention.The stone in his heart finally dropped when Ms Robins tiptoed towards him and placed the paper bag on his hands.
“Here's your new year gift,Eva.It's from everyone.”said Chase.Surprise written on Eva's face,she turned around and was greeted by the sunny smiles on her classmates faces,“Open it,”Ms Robins encouraged.No sooner had she opened the paper bag than everybody cheered,"Happy New Year,The candies which were made in the shape of heats blurred her eyes.If only she had been able to express how much this precious gift meant to her.Springing from her seat,she stepped forward and bowed to her new but considerate classmates,who not only erased her anxiety but also planted the seed of hope in her heart.What a hearty welcome
导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Chase给同学们每人都准各新年礼物，第一天到班上却发现班来了一位新同学。Chase答应老师带新同学参观学校却意识到白己和其他同学都沿有为新同学准各礼物，到难过。在吃午饭的时候，Chase突然想起孩子们经常在交换的新年礼物里放上心形糖果，干是和其他同学老师一起计划为新同学送礼物。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“与此同时，她的新同学们正忙着做一些事情。”可知，第一段可描写老师悄悄收集心型果糖给Chase并不让Eva发现的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“这是你的新年礼物，Eva。是大家送的。’蔡斯说。”可知，第二段可描Eva收到礼物
后非常感动的过程。
2.续写线索：老师收集礼物——Chase紧张-———假装和Eva讨论问题——老师把糖果袋放在Chase手上—Chase送出礼物——Eva感动——感谢大家
3.词汇激活
行为类①.收集：collect/gather
②.占领：occupy/take over
③.转身：tum around/turn round /tum about
情绪类
①.泪眼模糊；blur one's eyes/eyes blurred by tears
②.轻声地：quietly/gently
【点睛】[高分句型1].Quickly but quietly,Ms.Robins,with an exquisite paper bag she fetched from her office,was walking around the classroom to collect the candy hearts.(运用了省略关系代词的定语从句)
[高分句型2].The stone in his heart finally dropped when Ms Robins tiptoed towards him and placed the paper bag on his hands.(由连词when引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型3].The candies which were made in the shape of hearts blurred her eyes.(which引导的限制性定语从句)
