中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 1 Teenage Life
1.volunteer n．志愿者 v．自愿做，义务做
[例1]Are there any volunteers to help clean up
有自愿帮助清扫的人吗？
[例2]She volunteered to teach in the poor school.
她自愿在这个条件差的学校教书。
[知识拓展]
(1)volunteer to do sth. 自愿/义务做某事
volunteer for sth. 自愿做某事
volunteer as sth. 自愿担任
(2)voluntary adj. 自愿的，志愿的
【对点训练】
We work with _____ (volunteer) of all ages and backgrounds.
答案volunteers
2.prefer vt.较喜欢
[例1]Nowadays many children prefer surfing the Internet at home to taking exercise outdoors.
如今许多孩子宁可待在家里上网，也不愿意到户外进行锻炼。
[知识拓展]
(1)prefer sth.to sth. 喜欢……而不喜欢……
prefer to do sth. 更喜欢做……
prefer doing sth.to doing sth. 宁愿做……而不愿做……
prefer sb to do sth 宁愿某人做某事
(3)preference n. 偏爱；优先权；偏爱的事物
have a preference for 对……偏爱
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/句型转换
（1）A teacher should not show ______ (prefer)for any one of his pupils.
(2)I prefer to work rather than sit there doing nothing.→I prefer__________________________________there doing nothing.
答案 1preference 2 working to sitting
3.suitable adj.合适的；适用的
[例1]I want to buy some books suitable for children.我想买一些适合儿童阅读的书籍。
[例2]Some occasions may be suitable to speak quite loudly，but for the most parts，it is better not to do so.
有些场合也许适合很大声地讲话，但在大多数情况下，最好不要这样做。
(1)be suitable for 适合于……
be suitable to do sth. 适合做某事
(2)suit sb. 适合某人
suit one's needs 适合某人的需要
(3)suit vt. 适合，使适宜
n. 一套外衣；套装
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/一句多译
①It is difficult to find a place _______ (suit) for a picnic.
②You're covered with sweat . It is not suitable ______ (bathe) right away.
答案（1）suitable （2）to bathe
4.recommend vt.建议；推荐；介绍
[例1]I recommend going to the high speed railway station by subway.
我建议坐地铁去高铁站。
[例2]I hope our teachers can recommend more interesting books and magazines to us and give us more free time to read them.
我希望老师能给我们推荐一些更有趣的书和杂志，并给我们更多的自由时间进行阅读
[知识拓展]
(1)recommend doing sth. 建议做某事
recommend sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事
recommend that sb.(should) do sth. 建议某人做某事
(2)recommend sth. to sb. 把某物推荐给某人
recommend sb. as... 推荐某人为……
recommend sb. for... 推荐某人做……
[名师点津]
recommend后可接双宾语，即recommend sb. sth.也可改为recommend sth. to sb.；若后接从句，从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用should do，should也可省略。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
（1）I recommend that you _______ (go) by subway.
（2）We strongly recommend _______ (report) the incident to the police.
（3）I would like to recommend this book _______ those who are interested in travelling.
答案1（should）go ; 2.reporting 3.to
5. challenge n. 挑战；艰巨任务
the challenge of doing sth. 做某事的挑战
face a challenge. 面对挑战
meet a challenge. 迎接挑战
accpet/ take up a challenge. 接受挑战
vt. 怀疑；向……挑战
challenge sb to (do) sth. 向某人挑战（做）某事
challenging adj. 富有挑战的，困难的
【对点训练】
Teaching young children is a very ___________(challenge)job.
答案challenging
6. sign vt./vi. 签名，签字；和......签约；示意
sign in/out 签到/签退
sign up (for sth) 报名（参加课程）
e.g. You must sign guests out when they leave the club.
当客人们离开俱乐部时，你必须为他们签退。
I'm thinking of signing up for a yoga course.
我在考虑报名参加一门瑜伽课。
n. 迹象；标志；手势；符号
e.g. Pay attention to the road signs!
注意路牌！
sign language 手语
7. advanced adj. 先进的；高级的，高等的
eg: The specialist coming from the organization brought us advanced technology.
来自这个组织的专家给我们带来了先进的技术。
① advance n. 前进；进展，进步
in advance 预先，事先
eg: To catch the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up early.
为了赶上早班飞机，我们提前叫了一辆出租车并且起得很早。
v. 发展;进步；促进
eg: If you want to learn advanced literature, I recommend you to read some classics in advance.
② advancement n. 促进，推动，发展；提升，晋升
8.responsible adj.负责的；有责任的
[例1]Do you want to be responsible for your own life decisions
你是否真的想要为你自己的人生决定负责？
[知识拓展]
(1)be responsible for 对……负责
(2)responsibility n. 责任；负责；职责
take responsibility for(doing) sth.承担(做)……的责任
a sense of responsibility 责任感
It is sb.'s responsibility to do sth. 做某事是某人的职责
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Nowadays，everyone is responsible_____ building up a harmonious (和谐的) society in China.
②According to this survey，some TV programmes should take _____ (responsible) for teenagers' negative behavior.
答案 1 for 2 responsibility
9.But spending too much online is unhealthy and makes it very difficult to focus on other things in life.
但是花太多时间上网是不健康的，并且使人很难专注于生活中的其他事。
(1) make + it + adj. + to do sth.结构
此句型中it为形式主语，真正的主语为动词不定式。
（2）在“ make+宾语+宾补 ”结构中，宾语是名词或代词，宾语补足语用名词（使.......成为）、形容词（使......变得）、不带to 的不定式（使......做）、过去分词（宾语常常是反身代词，宾语和宾补之间是逻辑上的被动关系，意为“使自己被......”）等。
注意：当宾补为不带to的不定式时，如果该结构用于被动语态，则被省略的不定式符号to要还原。
【拓展】
“ make + 宾语+ 宾补” 结构
1. make+宾语(名词/代词)+名词 : 表示“使......成为......
eg. Make your enemy your friend. 化敌为友。
2. make+宾语(名词/代词)+形容词：表示“使......变得......
eg. We must make the room clean. 我们必须是房间变得干净。
3. make+宾语(名词或代词）+宾补（过去分词）
His actions made him greatly respected. 他的行为使他备受尊敬。
4. make+宾语(名词或代词）+宾补（不带to的不定式）当该结构用于被动语态时，不定式符号to 不能省略.
Every day my parents make me have an egg. = Every day I am made to have an egg by parents. 我父母要我每天吃一个鸡蛋.
【对点训练】完成句子
1.She has won the game, which ____________________________ .
她赢得了比赛，这让她的父母感到骄傲。
2.She couldn't ___________________________above the noise of the traffic.
车辆噪音很大，她无法让人们听到她的声音。
3.She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and ____________________for them __________________ and sleep .
她说这些睡前活动会让孩子们都兴奋起来，让他们很难平静下来。
答案1made her parents proud 2 make herself heard 3 make them hard to calm down
10.I guess it's because they're adults and can't understand me.我想那是因为他们都是成年人，不能理解我。
This/That/It is because... 意为 “ 这/那时因为......”, because 引导表语从句，表示原因。
拓展延伸：The reason why... is that... 意为“...... 的原因是...... ”，在这个句型中，表语从句常用 that 引导， 而不用because。
why 和 because 引导的表语从句的区别：
That's why 意为“那是......的原因”， 强调结果
That's because 意为“那是因为......”，强调原因
【对点训练】完成句子
1.I didn't phone her, and that's ________ she got angry with me.
我没有给她打电话，那就是她对我生气的原因。
2. ____________ the students love their physics teacher____________ he always makes his classes lively and interesting.
学生们喜欢他们物理老师的原因是他总是使他的课生动有趣。
答案1 why 2The reason why is that
11.so that引导状语从句
I'll find a way to improve on my own so that I can make the team next year.
我会找到一个自我提升的方法，以便我明年能进队。
[句式分析]
so that引导目的状语从句，意为“以便……；为……”。
[例1]He worked hard at his lessons so that he could gain high grades in the exams.
他努力学习功课以便能在考试中获得高分。
[知识拓展]
(1)so that引导目的状语从句，意为“为了……”，相当于“in order that”。此时从句中常含有情态动词can，could，may，might等，目的状语从句之前不用逗号将其与主句隔开。
(2)so that还可引导结果状语从句，此时从句中往往不带情态动词，可用逗号把主从句隔开。
(3)so...that...表示“如此……以至于……”，so之后接形容词或副词。
[即学即练] 写出下列so that引导从句的类型/句型转换
Roses need special care so that they can live through winter.
→Roses need special care ________________________they can live through winter.
→Roses need special care _______________________live through winter.
答案in order that ;in order to
12.重点句式 It is＋adj.＋to do sth.句型
I'm a bit worried about keeping up with the other students in my advanced course，and it'll be quite difficult to get used to all the homework.
我有点担心在我的高级课程中跟不上其他同学，并且很难适应所有的家庭作业。
[句式分析]
本句为并列句，其中and连接前后两个分句，在后一分句中含有“It is＋adj.＋to do sth.”句型，其中It为形式主语，不定式短语to do sth.为真正的主语。
(1)It is ＋ adj.＋(for sb.) to do sth.意为“(对某人来说)做某事是……的”，此句型中的形容词是修饰某件事，如difficult，easy，hard，important，necessary，possible等。
(2)It is ＋ adj. ＋(of sb.) to do sth.意为“(某人)做某事是……的”，此句型中的形容词是修饰人的品行，性格等，如kind，brave，clever，stupid，nice，good，silly，careful，naughty等。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①It is difficult for us ____ (do) so much work. We need more hands.
②It is nice ____ you to help me out of trouble.
③It is hard ____Greece to get rid of the debt crisis.
答案1 to do 2 of 3for
13.Going from junior high school to senior high school is really a big challenge. 从初中过渡到高中真是一项巨大的挑战。
Going from junior high school to senior high school在句中作主语。英语中, 当动词或动词短语作主语时, 使用动词-ing形式。
e.g. Seeing is believing. (谚)百闻不如一见。
Reading outside school is necessary and important in learning English.
课外阅读对于英语学习既必要又重要。
【注意】
1. 动词-ing形式作主语一般表示经常性、习惯性动作。
2. 动词-ing形式作主语时, 谓语动词用第三人称单数。
3. 有时用it作形式主语, 把动词-ing形式后置。
It is so nice sitting here with you.
【拓展】
不定式作主语与动词-ing形式作主语可互换, 但不定式作主语经常被用来表示具体的某一次的行为或将来的动作, 强调动作本身；动词-ing形式作主语用来表示习惯性的、经常的动作, 表示的时间概念不强, 强调事情本身。
【语境应用】
1)________ (travel) by taxi in London is not just a way of going from one place to another.
2)Running _____ (be) cheap, easy and it’s always energetic.
答案Travelling/Traveling 2is
【语法精讲】
名词短语（Noun Phrase）
Noun Phrase: 指一个以名词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于名词，可用作主语，宾语，表语或宾语补足语。常见结构有：
限定词+名词 ：a freshman
限定词+形容词（短语）+名词 ： a happy dog
限定词+名词+介词短语：a photo of my family
限定词+描述性名词+名词：the teenage life
（1）限定词包括以下：
冠词（a/an/the）
指示代词（this/that/these/those等）
物主代词（my/your/his/her/our/their等）
不定代词（some/every/no/neither/both等）
数词（one/two/first/second等）
形容词短语（Adjective Phrase）
Adjective Phrase: 指一个以形容词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于形容词，可以修饰名词或代词，还可用作表语或宾语补足语。常见结构有：
副词+形容词:very happy
形容词+介词短语:good for nothing
形容词+enough：responsible enough
副词+形容词+介词短语:well worthy of praise
副词短语（Adverb Phrase）
Adverb Phrase: 指一个以副词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于副词，可以修饰动词、形容词或副词。常见结构有：
（副词）+副词 quite happily
副词+enough well enough
【对点训练】
读下列教材原句并说明是什么短语以及在句中充当什么成分。
1．Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge.
2．The first week was a little confusing.
3．First, I had to think very carefully about which courses I wanted to take.
4．My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature because I like English and I'm good at it.
5．The main purpose of the course is to help improve each student's reading ability.
答案1. NP 表语
2AdjP 表语
3.AdvP状语
4NP 宾语
5NP主语
【课堂练习】
一.单句语法填空
1．The man spoke quite ________________ (wonderful).
2．It's about an __________ (hour) drive from here.
3．Please walk more _________ (slow) so that we can follow you.
4．The room is __________ (awful) dirty and it needs a good clean- up.
5．You, a beginner, are not advised to sign up for this _____________ (advance) course.
答案1wonderfully 2hour’s 3slowly 4awfully 5advanced
二.完成句子
1．I feel ___________________ (有点饿). Would you like to give me something to eat
2．Three ________________ (男医生) and two_______________ (女护士) made up a medical team.
3．He painted the wall a__________________ (更鲜艳的颜色).
4．Helen came late, but her sister came _______________ (更晚).
5．I'm ____________________________ (极其失望的) in him.
答案1 a bit hungry 2 men doctors women nurses 3brighter color 4 even later 5 extremely disappointed
三、单词拼写
1.Is it _________（合适的）for us to visit him this weekend
2.He is one of the __________（专家）who support his suggestion.
3.Tom is said to have ___________（毕业）from a world-famous university.
4.The teacher was a bit _______（困惑的）to see his students laughing and shouting at him.
5.The man _________（志愿提出）to help the boy with his maths.
答案1suitable 2experts 3graduated 4confused 5volunteered
四、阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Pear Tree Education
Pear Tree Education has become one of our city's most popular summer camp companies because of the diversity (多样化) of our good programmes. The programmes will engage (使加入) your children in meaningful and attractive activities, including cooking, sports, drama, public speaking, etc.
What will kids learn
Our camps, designed by experienced teachers, are carried out with a lot of planning and preparations and offer high levels of safety, enjoyment, and education. The group of teachers are wonderful and focus on each student's needs. Kids will not only learn certain skills, but also grow socially with much knowledge being here.
Time and location
Our week long camps will run in five locations—Burnaby, White Rock, North Vancouver, East Vancouver, and Kitsilano. At our North Vancouver location, we also have summer camps for 7 weeks(five days a week), starting 3rd July and finishing on 18th August, with individual (一个人的)summer camps lasting 1 week.
Age and prices
We offer good programmes in summer camps for boys and girls aged 5 14. At $420 per 5 day camp, you won't find a better value for money summer camp anywhere else in our city! We also offer pre camp/ after camp care ($150/week).
1．Why is Pear Tree Education very popular
A．It is designed for students. B．It has challenging activities.
C．It meets all the needs of kids. D．It offers all kinds of programmes.
2．How are the activities in the summer camps
A．Advanced. B．Educational
. C．Creative. D．Moving.
3．How much is an individual camp with a week's pre camp care
A．$150. B．$420.
C．$570. D．$720.
B
I grew up in a poor family. This was something I did not realize until I was older. I thought everyone in the city took the bus, because everyone in my neighborhood took the bus. I thought everyone in the city used the food bank, because all my friends' families ate the same government labeled food as my family ate. We all wore hand me down clothes.
Shopping with my mom made me first understand that my family was a little different. My mom used paper money that looked different from the paper money others in line were using. I asked my mom why our money looked different. She said that we used food stamps that were provided by government so we could eat.
In high school, I was still embarrassed (尴尬的) and wished we were not so poor, but I loved my mom and the other members of my family and knew we had things to be proud of. Though my mother was uneducated, she taught me how to love and told me to believe in myself. Growing up in poor family taught me perseverance. I have always believed in myself and my abilities. I knew I could focus on schoolwork and build a life that looked different from my childhood.
As I became a man, I started understanding how my experiences made it possible for me to be resilient, and how to respect people for who they are as an individual — and not by what they have. I think there are a lot of fixed images placed on those experiencing poor life that do not actually come from the people experiencing it. These opinions come from people on the outside trying not to look into the experience. Hardworking, trust worthy, reliable, clean, efficient, successful and disciplined are all words not specially connected with poor life. But those words are very much shown by those experiencing poor life. I am proud to be who I am and proud of where I'm from.
1．What was the author's mom purpose of using different paper money in the shop
A．To show her difference. B．To spend the extra stamps.
C．To support the local government. D．To buy food without real money.
2．What kind of person was the author's mom according to paragraph 3
A．Wise. B．Highly educated.
C．Frightening. D．Impatient.
3．What is the author's attitude to his family background
A．Careless. B．Proud.
C．Annoyed. D．Disappointed.
4．What is the text mainly about
A．Childhood memories. B．Sadness because of being poor.
C．Lessons from growing up poor. D．Tiring poor life.
第一篇：答案 DBC
1．D [细节理解题。第一段中的“Pear Tree Education has become ...because of the diversity(多样化)of our good programmes”可知，Pear Tree Education已经成为温哥华最受欢迎的夏令营公司之一，这是因为他们课程的多样性。]
2．B [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“offer high levels of safety，enjoyment，and education ...will not only learn certain skills，but also grow socially with much knowledge”可知，夏令营提供的活动是有教育意义的。]
3．C [数字计算题。根据第三段中的“individual(一个人的)summer camps lasting 1 week”和第四段中的“$420 per 5 day camp”“pre camp/after camp care($150/week)”可知，为期1周的个人夏令营是420美元，夏令营提前一周的护理是150美元，故选C项。]
第二篇： DABC
1．D [细节理解题。根据第二段中“My mom used paper money that looked different from the paper money others in line were using. I asked my mom why our money looked different. She said that we used food stamps that were provided by government so we could eat.”可知，作者的妈妈在商店里使用不同的纸币的目的是为了不用真钱买食物。]
2．A [推理判断题。根据第三段“Though my mother was uneducated, she taught me how to love and told me to believe in myself. Growing up in poor family taught me perseverance. I have always believed in myself and my abilities. I knew I could focus on schoolwork and build a life that looked different from my childhood.”可推知，作者的母亲是明智的人。]
3．B [推理判断题。根据第三段“In high school, I was still embarrassed and wished we were not so poor, but I loved my mom and the other members of my family and knew we had things to be proud of.”以及最后一段“I am proud to be who I am and proud of where I'm from.”可推知，作者对他的家庭背景感到骄傲。]
4．C [主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Hardworking, trust worthy, reliable, clean, efficient, successful and disciplined are all words not specially connected with poor life. But those words are very much shown by those experiencing poor life. I am proud to be who I am and proud of where I'm from.”可知，这篇文章主要讲的是从贫穷中成长的教训。]
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Unit 1 Teenage Life
1.volunteer n．志愿者 v．自愿做，义务做
[例1]Are there any volunteers to help clean up
有自愿帮助清扫的人吗？
[例2]She volunteered to teach in the poor school.
她自愿在这个条件差的学校教书。
[知识拓展]
(1)volunteer to do sth. 自愿/义务做某事
volunteer for sth. 自愿做某事
volunteer as sth. 自愿担任
(2)voluntary adj. 自愿的，志愿的
【对点训练】
We work with _____ (volunteer) of all ages and backgrounds.
2.prefer vt.较喜欢
[例1]Nowadays many children prefer surfing the Internet at home to taking exercise outdoors.
如今许多孩子宁可待在家里上网，也不愿意到户外进行锻炼。
[知识拓展]
(1)prefer sth.to sth. 喜欢……而不喜欢……
prefer to do sth. 更喜欢做……
prefer doing sth.to doing sth. 宁愿做……而不愿做……
prefer sb to do sth 宁愿某人做某事
(3)preference n. 偏爱；优先权；偏爱的事物
have a preference for 对……偏爱
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/句型转换
（1）A teacher should not show ______ (prefer)for any one of his pupils.
(2)I prefer to work rather than sit there doing nothing.→I prefer__________________________________there doing nothing.
3.suitable adj.合适的；适用的
[例1]I want to buy some books suitable for children.我想买一些适合儿童阅读的书籍。
[例2]Some occasions may be suitable to speak quite loudly，but for the most parts，it is better not to do so.
有些场合也许适合很大声地讲话，但在大多数情况下，最好不要这样做。
(1)be suitable for 适合于……
be suitable to do sth. 适合做某事
(2)suit sb. 适合某人
suit one's needs 适合某人的需要
(3)suit vt. 适合，使适宜
n. 一套外衣；套装
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/一句多译
①It is difficult to find a place _______ (suit) for a picnic.
②You're covered with sweat . It is not suitable ______ (bathe) right away.
4.recommend vt.建议；推荐；介绍
[例1]I recommend going to the high speed railway station by subway.
我建议坐地铁去高铁站。
[例2]I hope our teachers can recommend more interesting books and magazines to us and give us more free time to read them.
我希望老师能给我们推荐一些更有趣的书和杂志，并给我们更多的自由时间进行阅读
[知识拓展]
(1)recommend doing sth. 建议做某事
recommend sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事
recommend that sb.(should) do sth. 建议某人做某事
(2)recommend sth. to sb. 把某物推荐给某人
recommend sb. as... 推荐某人为……
recommend sb. for... 推荐某人做……
[名师点津]
recommend后可接双宾语，即recommend sb. sth.也可改为recommend sth. to sb.；若后接从句，从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用should do，should也可省略。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
（1）I recommend that you _______ (go) by subway.
（2）We strongly recommend _______ (report) the incident to the police.
（3）I would like to recommend this book _______ those who are interested in travelling.
5. challenge n. 挑战；艰巨任务
the challenge of doing sth. 做某事的挑战
face a challenge. 面对挑战
meet a challenge. 迎接挑战
accpet/ take up a challenge. 接受挑战
vt. 怀疑；向……挑战
challenge sb to (do) sth. 向某人挑战（做）某事
challenging adj. 富有挑战的，困难的
【对点训练】
Teaching young children is a very ___________(challenge)job.
6. sign vt./vi. 签名，签字；和......签约；示意
sign in/out 签到/签退
sign up (for sth) 报名（参加课程）
e.g. You must sign guests out when they leave the club.
当客人们离开俱乐部时，你必须为他们签退。
I'm thinking of signing up for a yoga course.
我在考虑报名参加一门瑜伽课。
n. 迹象；标志；手势；符号
e.g. Pay attention to the road signs!
注意路牌！
sign language 手语
7. advanced adj. 先进的；高级的，高等的
eg: The specialist coming from the organization brought us advanced technology.
来自这个组织的专家给我们带来了先进的技术。
① advance n. 前进；进展，进步
in advance 预先，事先
eg: To catch the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up early.
为了赶上早班飞机，我们提前叫了一辆出租车并且起得很早。
v. 发展;进步；促进
eg: If you want to learn advanced literature, I recommend you to read some classics in advance.
② advancement n. 促进，推动，发展；提升，晋升
8.responsible adj.负责的；有责任的
[例1]Do you want to be responsible for your own life decisions
你是否真的想要为你自己的人生决定负责？
[知识拓展]
(1)be responsible for 对……负责
(2)responsibility n. 责任；负责；职责
take responsibility for(doing) sth.承担(做)……的责任
a sense of responsibility 责任感
It is sb.'s responsibility to do sth. 做某事是某人的职责
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Nowadays，everyone is responsible_____ building up a harmonious (和谐的) society in China.
②According to this survey，some TV programmes should take _____ (responsible) for teenagers' negative behavior.
9.But spending too much online is unhealthy and makes it very difficult to focus on other things in life.
但是花太多时间上网是不健康的，并且使人很难专注于生活中的其他事。
(1) make + it + adj. + to do sth.结构
此句型中it为形式主语，真正的主语为动词不定式。
（2）在“ make+宾语+宾补 ”结构中，宾语是名词或代词，宾语补足语用名词（使.......成为）、形容词（使......变得）、不带to 的不定式（使......做）、过去分词（宾语常常是反身代词，宾语和宾补之间是逻辑上的被动关系，意为“使自己被......”）等。
注意：当宾补为不带to的不定式时，如果该结构用于被动语态，则被省略的不定式符号to要还原。
【拓展】
“ make + 宾语+ 宾补” 结构
1. make+宾语(名词/代词)+名词 : 表示“使......成为......
eg. Make your enemy your friend. 化敌为友。
2. make+宾语(名词/代词)+形容词：表示“使......变得......
eg. We must make the room clean. 我们必须是房间变得干净。
3. make+宾语(名词或代词）+宾补（过去分词）
His actions made him greatly respected. 他的行为使他备受尊敬。
4. make+宾语(名词或代词）+宾补（不带to的不定式）当该结构用于被动语态时，不定式符号to 不能省略.
Every day my parents make me have an egg. = Every day I am made to have an egg by parents. 我父母要我每天吃一个鸡蛋.
【对点训练】完成句子
1.She has won the game, which ____________________________ .
她赢得了比赛，这让她的父母感到骄傲。
2.She couldn't ___________________________above the noise of the traffic.
车辆噪音很大，她无法让人们听到她的声音。
3.She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and ____________________for them __________________ and sleep .
她说这些睡前活动会让孩子们都兴奋起来，让他们很难平静下来。
10.I guess it's because they're adults and can't understand me.我想那是因为他们都是成年人，不能理解我。
This/That/It is because... 意为 “ 这/那时因为......”, because 引导表语从句，表示原因。
拓展延伸：The reason why... is that... 意为“...... 的原因是...... ”，在这个句型中，表语从句常用 that 引导， 而不用because。
why 和 because 引导的表语从句的区别：
That's why 意为“那是......的原因”， 强调结果
That's because 意为“那是因为......”，强调原因
【对点训练】完成句子
1.I didn't phone her, and that's ________ she got angry with me.
我没有给她打电话，那就是她对我生气的原因。
2. ____________ the students love their physics teacher____________ he always makes his classes lively and interesting.
学生们喜欢他们物理老师的原因是他总是使他的课生动有趣。
11.so that引导状语从句
I'll find a way to improve on my own so that I can make the team next year.
我会找到一个自我提升的方法，以便我明年能进队。
[句式分析]
so that引导目的状语从句，意为“以便……；为……”。
[例1]He worked hard at his lessons so that he could gain high grades in the exams.
他努力学习功课以便能在考试中获得高分。
[知识拓展]
(1)so that引导目的状语从句，意为“为了……”，相当于“in order that”。此时从句中常含有情态动词can，could，may，might等，目的状语从句之前不用逗号将其与主句隔开。
(2)so that还可引导结果状语从句，此时从句中往往不带情态动词，可用逗号把主从句隔开。
(3)so...that...表示“如此……以至于……”，so之后接形容词或副词。
[即学即练] 写出下列so that引导从句的类型/句型转换
Roses need special care so that they can live through winter.
→Roses need special care ________________________they can live through winter.
→Roses need special care _______________________live through winter.
12.重点句式 It is＋adj.＋to do sth.句型
I'm a bit worried about keeping up with the other students in my advanced course，and it'll be quite difficult to get used to all the homework.
我有点担心在我的高级课程中跟不上其他同学，并且很难适应所有的家庭作业。
[句式分析]
本句为并列句，其中and连接前后两个分句，在后一分句中含有“It is＋adj.＋to do sth.”句型，其中It为形式主语，不定式短语to do sth.为真正的主语。
(1)It is ＋ adj.＋(for sb.) to do sth.意为“(对某人来说)做某事是……的”，此句型中的形容词是修饰某件事，如difficult，easy，hard，important，necessary，possible等。
(2)It is ＋ adj. ＋(of sb.) to do sth.意为“(某人)做某事是……的”，此句型中的形容词是修饰人的品行，性格等，如kind，brave，clever，stupid，nice，good，silly，careful，naughty等。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①It is difficult for us ____ (do) so much work. We need more hands.
②It is nice ____ you to help me out of trouble.
③It is hard ____Greece to get rid of the debt crisis.
13.Going from junior high school to senior high school is really a big challenge. 从初中过渡到高中真是一项巨大的挑战。
Going from junior high school to senior high school在句中作主语。英语中, 当动词或动词短语作主语时, 使用动词-ing形式。
e.g. Seeing is believing. (谚)百闻不如一见。
Reading outside school is necessary and important in learning English.
课外阅读对于英语学习既必要又重要。
【注意】
1. 动词-ing形式作主语一般表示经常性、习惯性动作。
2. 动词-ing形式作主语时, 谓语动词用第三人称单数。
3. 有时用it作形式主语, 把动词-ing形式后置。
It is so nice sitting here with you.
【拓展】
不定式作主语与动词-ing形式作主语可互换, 但不定式作主语经常被用来表示具体的某一次的行为或将来的动作, 强调动作本身；动词-ing形式作主语用来表示习惯性的、经常的动作, 表示的时间概念不强, 强调事情本身。
【语境应用】
1)________ (travel) by taxi in London is not just a way of going from one place to another.
2)Running _____ (be) cheap, easy and it’s always energetic.
【语法精讲】
名词短语（Noun Phrase）
Noun Phrase: 指一个以名词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于名词，可用作主语，宾语，表语或宾语补足语。常见结构有：
限定词+名词 ：a freshman
限定词+形容词（短语）+名词 ： a happy dog
限定词+名词+介词短语：a photo of my family
限定词+描述性名词+名词：the teenage life
（1）限定词包括以下：
冠词（a/an/the）
指示代词（this/that/these/those等）
物主代词（my/your/his/her/our/their等）
不定代词（some/every/no/neither/both等）
数词（one/two/first/second等）
形容词短语（Adjective Phrase）
Adjective Phrase: 指一个以形容词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于形容词，可以修饰名词或代词，还可用作表语或宾语补足语。常见结构有：
副词+形容词:very happy
形容词+介词短语:good for nothing
形容词+enough：responsible enough
副词+形容词+介词短语:well worthy of praise
副词短语（Adverb Phrase）
Adverb Phrase: 指一个以副词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于副词，可以修饰动词、形容词或副词。常见结构有：
（副词）+副词 quite happily
副词+enough well enough
读下列教材原句并说明是什么短语以及在句中充当什么成分。
1．Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge.
2．The first week was a little confusing.
3．First, I had to think very carefully about which courses I wanted to take.
4．My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature because I like English and I'm good at it.
5．The main purpose of the course is to help improve each student's reading ability.
【课堂练习】
一.单句语法填空
1．The man spoke quite ________________ (wonderful).
2．It's about an __________ (hour) drive from here.
3．Please walk more _________ (slow) so that we can follow you.
4．The room is __________ (awful) dirty and it needs a good clean- up.
5．You, a beginner, are not advised to sign up for this _____________ (advance) course.
二.完成句子
1．I feel ___________________ (有点饿). Would you like to give me something to eat
2．Three ________________ (男医生) and two_______________ (女护士) made up a medical team.
3．He painted the wall a__________________ (更鲜艳的颜色).
4．Helen came late, but her sister came _______________ (更晚).
5．I'm ____________________________ (极其失望的) in him.
三、单词拼写
1.Is it _________（合适的）for us to visit him this weekend
2.He is one of the __________（专家）who support his suggestion.
3.Tom is said to have ___________（毕业）from a world-famous university.
4.The teacher was a bit _______（困惑的）to see his students laughing and shouting at him.
5.The man _________（志愿提出）to help the boy with his maths.
四、阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Pear Tree Education
Pear Tree Education has become one of our city's most popular summer camp companies because of the diversity (多样化) of our good programmes. The programmes will engage (使加入) your children in meaningful and attractive activities, including cooking, sports, drama, public speaking, etc.
What will kids learn
Our camps, designed by experienced teachers, are carried out with a lot of planning and preparations and offer high levels of safety, enjoyment, and education. The group of teachers are wonderful and focus on each student's needs. Kids will not only learn certain skills, but also grow socially with much knowledge being here.
Time and location
Our week long camps will run in five locations—Burnaby, White Rock, North Vancouver, East Vancouver, and Kitsilano. At our North Vancouver location, we also have summer camps for 7 weeks(five days a week), starting 3rd July and finishing on 18th August, with individual (一个人的)summer camps lasting 1 week.
Age and prices
We offer good programmes in summer camps for boys and girls aged 5 14. At $420 per 5 day camp, you won't find a better value for money summer camp anywhere else in our city! We also offer pre camp/ after camp care ($150/week).
1．Why is Pear Tree Education very popular
A．It is designed for students. B．It has challenging activities.
C．It meets all the needs of kids. D．It offers all kinds of programmes.
2．How are the activities in the summer camps
A．Advanced. B．Educational
. C．Creative. D．Moving.
3．How much is an individual camp with a week's pre camp care
A．$150. B．$420.
C．$570. D．$720.
B
I grew up in a poor family. This was something I did not realize until I was older. I thought everyone in the city took the bus, because everyone in my neighborhood took the bus. I thought everyone in the city used the food bank, because all my friends' families ate the same government labeled food as my family ate. We all wore hand me down clothes.
Shopping with my mom made me first understand that my family was a little different. My mom used paper money that looked different from the paper money others in line were using. I asked my mom why our money looked different. She said that we used food stamps that were provided by government so we could eat.
In high school, I was still embarrassed (尴尬的) and wished we were not so poor, but I loved my mom and the other members of my family and knew we had things to be proud of. Though my mother was uneducated, she taught me how to love and told me to believe in myself. Growing up in poor family taught me perseverance. I have always believed in myself and my abilities. I knew I could focus on schoolwork and build a life that looked different from my childhood.
As I became a man, I started understanding how my experiences made it possible for me to be resilient, and how to respect people for who they are as an individual — and not by what they have. I think there are a lot of fixed images placed on those experiencing poor life that do not actually come from the people experiencing it. These opinions come from people on the outside trying not to look into the experience. Hardworking, trust worthy, reliable, clean, efficient, successful and disciplined are all words not specially connected with poor life. But those words are very much shown by those experiencing poor life. I am proud to be who I am and proud of where I'm from.
1．What was the author's mom purpose of using different paper money in the shop
A．To show her difference. B．To spend the extra stamps.
C．To support the local government. D．To buy food without real money.
2．What kind of person was the author's mom according to paragraph 3
A．Wise. B．Highly educated.
C．Frightening. D．Impatient.
3．What is the author's attitude to his family background
A．Careless. B．Proud.
C．Annoyed. D．Disappointed.
4．What is the text mainly about
A．Childhood memories. B．Sadness because of being poor.
C．Lessons from growing up poor. D．Tiring poor life.
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