必修1 Unit 5 Languages Around the World
Part 1 单元语法讲义--关系副词/介词+关系代词引导的限制性定语从句
一、关系副词引导的限制性定语从句
当定语从句中不缺少主语、宾语、定语和表语时，要选用关系副词。其中when, where, why是常见的三个关系副词。
关系副词 先行词 作用
when 时间名词 时间状语 表时间的介词(如：in, on, at, during等)＋which；
where 地点名词或抽象名词(situation，point，activity，case，stage等) 地点状语 表地点的介词(如：in, at, on, under等)＋which；
why the reason 原因状语 表原因的介词(如：for)＋which。
We will put off the picnic in the park until next week，when the weather may be better.
我们将把在公园里的野餐推迟到下个星期，那时候天气可能会更好。
Do you know the reason why he didn't attend the meeting yesterday
你知道他昨天为什么没有出席会议的原因吗？
1. when的用法
when修饰时间名词，在从句中作时间状语。其先行词通常为time, day, year, week等。
I'll never forget the day when my son was born.
我永远忘不了我儿子出生的那一天。
易错点：当表示时间的先行词在从句中作主语或宾语时，关系词不用when而用that或which。
The season which/that they were talking about was autumn.
他们正在谈论的季节是秋天。
2. where的用法
where用于修饰地点名词如place, park, factory, house等。在从句中作地点状语，相当于介词+which。
Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment where they live.
现在人们更加关心他们居住的环境。
b.当先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词，如：point， situation， case， stage， family等时，如果引导词在从句中作状语，常用关系副词where引导定语从句；如果不作状语，则用关系代词that/which。
Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.
学生应该参与社区活动，在那里他们可以获得成长的经验。
Remember that there is still one point that/which we must make clear at the conference tomorrow.
记住在明天的会议上我们还有一点必须弄清楚。
She's in a hopeless situation，where we will keep a very close eye on her.
她处于无望的处境中，在这种情况下我们将密切注意她。
c.先行词occasion当“时刻”讲时，用关系副词when；当“场合”讲时，用关系副词where。
Please describe an occasion where you met real difficulties.
请描述你遇到真正困境的场景。
Occasions are rare when I have the time to spend a day with my kids.
我有时间和孩子们度过一天的时机很少。
3. why的用法
why相当于for which, 在从句中作原因状语，但若关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语时，定语从句要用that或which引导。
Can you tell me the reason why(=for which) you are late again
你能告诉我你再次迟到的原因吗？
The boss doesn’t want to hear any reason (that/which) you might give.
老板不想听你所提出的任何理由。
二、关系副词/介词+关系代词引导的限制性定语从句
1 关系代词的确定
在介词后作宾语的关系代词只有which和whom。如果先行词是物，引导词用which；如果先行词是人，则引导词用whom。
This is the train on which I went to Shanghai.
这就是我去上海所乘坐的那列火车。
This is the student for whom I bought the dictionary.
这就是我为他买词典的那个学生。
介词一般放在关系代词which和whom之前，如果介词和句中动词组成固定词组时，这个介词一般不前置。
My youngest brother，whom I have to look after，is demanding.
我得照看我最小的弟弟，他真是让人费神。
2 关系代词前介词的确定
依据定语从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配来确定。
The fellow to whom I spoke made no answer at first.
我与之说话的那个人起初没有回答。(speak to)
The West Lake, for which Hangzhou is famous, is a beautiful place.
西湖是一个美丽的地方，杭州因此而闻名。(be famous for)
根据先行词来确定。
I'll never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the country.
我永远不会忘记我在乡村度过的童年时光。(during the time)
Air, without which man can't live, is really important.
空气真的很重要，没有它人类就不能生存。(without air)
3 “名词/代词＋介词＋关系代词”结构
此类结构常见的有“some/many/most/all/none＋of＋which/whom”等。
Here are the questions, some of which I think are difficult for you.
问题都在这儿，其中一些我认为对你来说很难。
He has three sons, none of whom are doctors.
他有三个儿子，没有一个是当医生的。
4 “复合介词短语＋关系代词which”
从句部分常与先行词用逗号隔开，且从句部分常用倒装语序。
He lived in a big house, in front of which stood a big tree.
他住在一所大房子里，房子前面有一棵大树。
5 “介词＋which/whom＋不定式”
The poor man has no house in which to live.
→The poor man has no house to live in.
→The poor man has no house in which he can live.
那个穷人没房子住。
有时为表达清楚，也可以在关系副词where/when前加介词from/to等，平时也应掌握，但非高考重点。
China is the birthplace of kites，from where kite flying spreads to Japan，Thailand，India and so on.
中国是风筝的发源地，从这里，放风筝传到了日本、泰国、印度等国家。
Part 2 读后续写素材积累
牙齿、下巴和胸膛
tooth牙齿
Her lips parted, revealing a flash of white teeth.她嘴唇轻启，露出一口洁白的牙齿。
His sparkling white teeth showed through his beautiful smile.在迷人的笑容中，他露出了洁白的牙齿。
She had very pretty straight teeth. 她有一口漂亮、整齐的牙齿。
Chin 下巴
He had clear blue eyes and a jutting chin. 他有一双清激的蓝眼睛和一个突出的下巴
Both of their chins were dotted with beads of sweat.他们两人的下巴上尽是汗珠。
Jack jutted （使突出，伸出）his chin forward and did not answer the teacher.Jack 下巴扬得高高的，没有回答老师的问题。
There he stood: hair in wild tangles, dark stubble (胡子茬) shadowing his chin.他站在那儿，头发乱成一团，下巴上一片黑胡茬。
Chest胸膛
He fell back into the water, his breath rasping （发出刺耳的声音）in his heaving (强烈而有节奏地)他仰面跌进了水中，胸部起伏，呼吸急促。
His athletic chest expanded, taking in a lungful of much needed oxygen.他健壮的胸部向外扩大，吸进一大口急需的氧气。
His chest heaves with every breath. 他的胸脯随着呼吸起伏。
His chest swelled (使凸出，鼓起) with pride as he accepted the award.他领奖时骄傲地挺起胸脯。
二、嘴巴、脸颊、鼻子
Mouth嘴巴
A smile played around his mouth. 他嘴上挂着微笑。
A tight mouth was the only sign of her nerves. 紧闭的嘴是她紧张的唯一迹象。
Chris looked over at her, his mouth grinning with satisfaction.Chris 看着她，满意的咧嘴笑了。
He wiped his greasy（多油的）mouth on his sleeve. 他用袖子擦了擦油膩的嘴。
Her mouth curved into a smile。她嘴角一弯，微笑了。
Her mouth suddenly set in a determined line. 她的嘴突然绷成一条坚定的线。
My mouth started watering when I smelled the food.闻到食物的味道，我就流口水了。
The corners of her mouth turned up in a slight smile. 她嘴角上扬，微微一笑。
There was blood trickling (滴，淌) from the corner of his mouth.鲜血从他的嘴角流了出来。
From one corner of her mouth flowed a stream of fresh blood.从她的一个嘴角流下一道鲜血。
Cheeks脸烦
Georgina softly rubbed the newborn's cherubic （天使般纯真的）cheeks.Georgina 轻轻地摸了摸新生儿那娇嫩的脸颊。
He looked young, dark and sharp-featured, with hollow（ 凹陷的）cheeks.他看起米很年轻，肤色勁黑，五官分明，双烦四陷。
He puffed out his fat cheeks and let out a lungful of steamy breath他鼓起胖乎乎的腮糖子，呼出了一大口热气。4. She had bright, rosy cheeks. 她的脸庞红润、有光泽。
The children had glowing cheeks after race.孩子们跑完步后脸蛋儿红通通的。
When she thought of this, she felt her cheeks burning hot as if the effect of the wine were still upon her.她想到这点就两颊绯红，好像酒力未消一样。
Nose鼻子
His bleeding nose dripped all over the kitchen floor.他的鼻血滴得厨房地板上哪儿都是。
My nose is bunged （鼻塞的）up with a cold.我因伤风而鼻子不通。
She was weeping quite loudly and her nose was running.她很大声地哭着，流着鼻涕。
三、眼睛、眉毛、嘴唇
Eye 眼睛
When her eyes looked up, they were very large, odd, and attractive.她抬起眼来的时候，眼睛很大、很特别、很动人。
Dark circles lay round her eyes. 她眼睛周围有黑眼圈。
Her big eyes were shaded by long black lashes（睫毛），curving backward in a most peculiar way.她那黑黑的长睫毛非常别致地朝上弯曲着，掩映着一双大眼睛。
Her arched(拱形的)brows accentuate（强调，使突出）the beauty of her eyes.她那弯弯的眉毛使她的眼睛显得更加美丽。
The object was a blur（模糊形状）to her sleeping eyes.在她的惺忪睡眼看来，那个东西一片模糊。
Her eyes were sparkling like diamonds. 她的眼睛像钻石一样闪闪发光。
Eyebrow眉毛
His eyebrows bushed together. 他的眉毛浓密。
She had attractive angular（有楼角的）eyebrows which framed （给...做框 ) her deep blue eyes.她有一双迷人的有棱有角的眉毛，衬托出她深蓝色的眼睛。
Helen raised her brows in surprise at his boldness.Helen抬了抬眉毛，对他的大胆感到惊讶。
Luke's dark eyebrows lowered questioningly. Luke 疑恐地垂下他的黑眉毛。
Her lips are all pale. 她的嘴唇惨白。
Ryan had a bloodied lip which he explained he got from a scuffle (小扭打，冲突) with Tom.Ryan 的嘴唇在流血，他解释说是和 Tom 扭打的结果。
There was a slight smile on her lips. 她嘴唇上泛起一抹徽笑。
Her lips parted with a cry of fear. 她恐惧地张嘴喊叫。
四、前额脸和面容
Forehead 额头
A line of sweat broke out on her forehead and she thought she might faint.她的额头上冒出一串汗珠，她以为自己可能会晕过去。
Blood rained down from a deep gash in his forehead.他额头上一道深深的伤口血流如注。
His forehead was dripping with perspiration（汗）．他额头在淌汗。
It was a hot July morning, and perspiration glistened on his forehead.那是一个炎热的七月的早晨，汗珠在他的额上闪闪发光。
5.The sweat stood in beads(液体的小珠，小滴）upon his forehead. 他额上冒着汗珠。
6. Linda had a strongly defined chin, a high forehead, and light grey eyes.Linda 有着轮廊分明的下巴、高高的额头和一双浅灰色的眼睛。
7.Looking at her, Jack's forehead knotted in a frown. Jack 注视着她，眉头紧锁。
8.Her stomach gurgled（发汩汩声）and little beads of perspiration formed on her forehead.她的胃咯咯作响，小汗珠涌现在她的前额。
9.She stepped into the room trembling, cold perspiration on her forehead.她走进房间，颤抖不已，额头冒出冷汗。10. She fell against our table and got a large bump on her forehead.她倒地时撞到我们的桌子上，额头起了个大包。11. Some deep wrinkles furrow （使起皱纹 ) his lower forehead.他额头下方出现了几道深深的皱纹。
Face & Features 脸和面容
1.He had a large, square face, with strongly pronounced eyebrows and check bones.他有一张大大的方脸，眉毛很重，颧骨突出。
2.His face was blue from the cold. 他的脸冻得发紫。
3. Her face is already lined with the cares of domestic life.她因家事操劳，脸上已经起了皱纹。
4.It was still possible to see in her face something of the freshness and prettiness of her youth.在她脸上仍能看到一点她年轻时的娇艳和美貌。
5.His sunburnt face was the picture of health.他那张晒黑的脸表明他很健康。
6. She had lost much of the roundness of her face, her skin had lost its youth, and her hair was thinner.她往日丰润的脸庞消瘦多了，皮肤失去了青春的光泽，头发也不那么浓密了。
7.She was fine and very pretty, with a face full of expression.她生得清秀，非常美，有一张表情丰富的脸。
五、人体部位
Hair & Beard
1.A light wind passed his brow, fanning softly his uncombed hair and stirring silver points of anxiety in his eyes.微风掠过他的额头，轻拂着他那未经梳理的头发，使焦灼不安的银光在他的眼睛里晃动。
2.As she bent forward, her fine black hair fell over her cheek.她身子前倾时，秀美的黑发倾泻到她的脸颊上。3.Blond hair runs in her family.她全家人都长着金发。
4.Dad looked so handsome, his black hair combed back like Elvis Presley's, a huge grin across his face.爸爸看起来很英俊。他的黑发像 Elvis Presley(貓王）那样梳成大背头，脸上挂着大大的笑容。
5.He had a crop of blond hair and radiant green eyes.他留着金色的平头短发，有一双明亮的绿色眼睛。
6. He had a high forehead and wore spectacles （眼镜)and a slight beard.他额头很高，戴眼镜，留了一些胡子。7.He had brilliant blue eyes, short blonde hair, and a well-defined jaw that made her spellbound.他有着明亮的蓝眼睛、金色短发和棱角分明的下巴，这一切都让她入迷。
8.He is a short fat man with no hair on his head. 他是一个矮胖的光头男人。
9.He was a man of small stature, with hair blanched rather by suffering and sorrow than by age.他是个身材瘦小的人，头发已经灰白------那大概是受苦和忧虑的结果，而不是年龄的原因。
10. Her hair flows down her back. 她的头发垂在背后。
11.Her hair ripples in the spring breeze. 她的头发在春风中像波浪般飘动。
12.Her hair was gray, her clothes ragged. 她头发花白，衣服破烂。
13.Her light brown hair was hanging loose about her neck.她那淡棕色的头发披散在脖子上。
14. Her long fair hair fell untidily over her shoulders.她那长长的浅色色头发凌乱地披在肩上。
15.Her long, fine hair was swept back in a ponytail.她秀美的长发在脑后梳成了马尾辫。
16.Her shoulder-length hair spilled over her face. 她的齐肩长发散落在脸上。
17.Her thick curly black hair was twisted into a knot on her neck.她那浓密的黑色卷发在后脑勺上盘成一个髻。18. Her waist was small, her hair full and jet-black,her eyes liquid and her eyebrows drawnout toward her temples（太阳穴，鬓角）。她腰肢纤细，头发浓密、漆黑，两眼如秋水般明丽，双眉画入两鬓。
19.His black hair was going gray. 他的黑发开始变白了。
20. His face was very red, his hat was on the back of his head. his hair was wildly rumpled（ 弄乱）.他的脸涨得通红，帽子向后斜戴着，头发也乱成一团。
21.His hair is thick, and black as a raven. 他的头发乌黑浓密。
22. Lily caught a lock of her hair and twirled（使旋转，缠绕)it around her finger.Lily抓住一绺头发，绕着手指转圈。22.Little curls clustered round her forehead.她额前留着小卷发。
23. She came, her hair streaming behind her. 她来了，头发在背后飘荡着。
24. She had a fine head of chestnut （粟色的，红棕色的）hair.她有一头栗色的秀发。
25.She has a long golden ponytail that bobs up and down when she walks.她扎着一个走起路来上下摆动的金色长马尾辫。
26. She has a row of curls round her head. 她长着一头卷发。
27. She is a shy young girl and her hair was cut in a short crop.她是个害羞的年轻姑娘，头发剪成很短的平头。教导队。
28. She was a young and lovely girl, with a profusion（大量）of light brown hair, and eyes that seemed to float in liquid crystal.她是一个年轻、可爱的姑娘，长着浓密的淡棕色头发，水灵灵的眼睛如珍珠般闪亮。
29.She was wearing bangs （刘海）on her forehead which gave her a girlish appearance when she laughed, and there was a curious liquid luster (光泽,光彩) in her eyes.她的额前留着刘海儿，这让她笑时有种少女的神态，而且她的眼睛里有一股水汪汪的奇妙光彩。
30.The curly red hair was tied up in a neat little bun（圆发髻）卷曲的红头发扎成一个整齐的小发髻。
31.The girl’s hair was silky.这姑娘的头发像丝绸一样光滑。
32.Mother was no getting old and her hair was almost entirely white,although she was still under fifty.母亲一天天见老，虽然不到五十岁，但她的头发已几乎全白了。
33.The tresses were tossed about her tender throat and were quivering in the sunlight.披拂在她娇嫩的脖子上的发绺，在阳光下轻轻飘动。
34.Their hair was tied up into broad bands on top of their heads.她们的头发编成粗大的辫子盘在头顶。
35.He was a tall,lanky（瘦长的） one with spiked（尖的） hair and a small goatee（山羊胡子）.他个子高高、瘦瘦的，头发粗短呈刺状，留着小山羊胡子。
36.He wears a dense beard.他留着浓密的胡须。
37.His chin is covered by a thick and short beard.他下巴上长满浓密而短的胡子。
Part 3 单元语法+读后续写即时检测
定语从句
1．（23-24高三下 全国 期中）The student coming from the country was starving for the friendship from those ___________come from the city.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：来自农村的学生渴望得到来自城里同学的友谊。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限定性定语从句，修饰先行词those。先行词those指代“那些学生”，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导该从句。故填who。
2．（23-24高三下 全国 期中）A survey found that there are over 60 million current players in the world, the majority of ___________ live in East Asia.
【答案】whom
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：一项调查发现，目前全球有超过6000万名玩家，其中大多数生活在东亚。介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词over 60 million current players，作介词的宾语，指人，故填whom。
3．（2023高三 全国 专题练习）The lifestyle, however, was laid down by two historical men of letters. One was Bai Juyi, ___________ rebuilt the West Lake and made a new bank to benefit the locals.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：然而，这种生活方式是由两位历史文人奠定的。一个是白居易，他重建了西湖，建立了一个新的堤岸来造福当地人。先行词为 Bai Juyi，作非限制性定语从句的的主语，关系代词为who。
4．（2023高三 全国 专题练习）China’s modernization process over the past four decades has created a new context ___________there is a partnership between the ancient and modern, generating something new and genuine.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：过去四十年来，中国的现代化进程创造了一个新的背景，即古代与现代之间的伙伴关系，产生了新的和真实的东西。该从句位于名词之后且由前面的名词“context(背景、环境)”可知，后面应该是起修饰作用的定语从句，把名词还原回定语从句中应该是作地点状语，所以填入关系副词where。故填where。
5．（2023高三 全国 专题练习）The reason ___________this traditional flatbread happens to be popular among the ethnic groups here lies in its being easy to bake, store and transport.
【答案】why
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这种传统的大饼之所以能在这里流行，是因为它易于烘烤、储存和运输。空格处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词reason，关系词在定语从句中作原因状语，应使用关系副词why。故填why。
6．（2023高三 全国 专题练习）This mountain was home to the Kua Fu tribe, ___________members were all tall and mighty like giants.
【答案】whose
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这座山是夸父部落的家园，他们的成员都像巨人一样高大威武。分析句子结构可知非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the Kua Fu tribe，在从句中作定语，应用whose。故填whose。
7．（2023高三 全国 专题练习）The reasons why Chinese is enjoying great popularity are as follows. First, China is already a global economic power, ___________ influence is growing.
【答案】whose
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：首先，中国已经是一个全球经济大国，其影响力正在增长。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词China在从句中作定语，修饰后面的名词influence，用关系代词whose引导，故填whose。
8．（2023高三 全国 专题练习）Beside scientific missions, the crew also gave two live science lectures from the space station, during ___________ they conducted various experiments and answered questions from students watching the class on Earth.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：除了科学任务，宇航员还在空间站上进行了两次现场科学讲座，期间他们进行了各种实验，并回答了在地球上观看课堂的学生的问题。根据句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词lectures，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作介词during的宾语，用关系代词which。故填which。
9．（23-24高三下 北京 阶段练习）She studied Chinese medicine for two and a half years with expects in the field from ___________ she gained a deep knowledge.
【答案】whom
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：她学了两年半的中医，对中医有很深的了解。分析句子结构可知，本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是expects，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作from的宾语，应用“介词from+whom”引导。故填whom。
10．（23-24高三下 广东佛山 阶段练习）At the Chinese art festival, there are different places ___________ artists show their skills and teach the visitors.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在中国艺术节上，有不同的地方，艺术家们展示他们的技能，并教游客。分析句子结构可知，此处为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，所以使用关系副词，先行词places指的是地点，所以此处使用关系副词where。故填where。
11．（2024高三 全国 专题练习）A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ___________ gives off light in the dark.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：爱尔兰的一所学校推出了一套有趣的新校服。夹克的边缘有一块布，在黑暗中会发光。这是个限制性定语从句，先行词是cloth，指物，从句中缺少主语，因此，可以用that或which引导。故填that/which。
12．（23-24高三上 全国 单元测试）Using cellphones while driving can often be seen, ___________ is illegal in many countries.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：开车时使用手机的情况随处可见，这在许多国家都是违法的。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词指代前面整个句子，在从句中作主语，故填which。
13．（23-24高三上 全国 单元测试）___________ is announced on the school radio, the sports meet will be held next week.
【答案】As
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：正如学校广播所宣布的那样，运动会将于下周举行。分析可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词指代后面的句子，并在从句中作主语，表示“正如”，应用as，句首单词首字母大写，故填As。
14．（22-23高三下 福建 开学考试）The manager, in ___________ office I just attended an interview, asked me to go back home and wait for the reply.
【答案】whose
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我刚刚在经理的办公室参加了面试，他让我回家等待答复。空处是“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句，先行词the manager，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作定语，修饰名词office，需用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
15．（23-24高三下 重庆黔江 阶段练习）This is the only one of the best novels ___________has appeared this year.
【答案】that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这是今年出版的唯一一本最好的小说。此处为定语从句修饰先行词novels，在从句作主语，指物，且由最高级修饰只能用that引导。故填that。
16．（23-24高三下 重庆黔江 阶段练习）We’ll discuss a case ___________beginners of English fail to use the language properly.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们将讨论一个英语初学者不能正确使用英语的案例。定语从句修饰先行词case，在从句作地点状语，故填where。
17．（23-24高三下 全国 期中）According to the Beijing 2022 Organizing Committee, more than 1 million people applied to serve as volunteers and nearly 20，000 were selected, most of ___________ are from colleges and universities in Beijing and Hebei Province.
【答案】whom
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：据北京2022年冬奥会组委会统计，超过100万人申请成为志愿者，其中有近2万人被选中，其中大多数来自北京和河北省的高校。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限定性定语从句，指代先行词“nearly 20,000 (volunteers)”。先行词指人，在定语从句中作介词的宾语，所以用关系代词whom引导该从句。故填whom。
18．（23-24高三下 全国 期中）She found out her daughter had been sleeping on the floor in a house ___________ dogs and cats moved around, and she worried that older babies might step on her.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：她发现女儿一直睡在房子的地板上，房子里有狗和猫在走动，她担心大一点的婴儿可能会踩到她。定语从句修饰先行词house，在从句作地点状语，应用where。故填where。
19．（23-24高三下 全国 期中）I hope acupuncture, with ___________ help I recovered, will continue to bring health to other people.
【答案】whose
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我希望针灸疗法——借助它的帮助我得以康复——能继续为其他人带来健康。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词acupuncture。先行词在定语从句中做定语，所以用关系代词whos引导该从句。故填whose。
20．（23-24高三下 全国 期中）Shaanxi’s biang biang noodles were a comforting and beloved food among locals, for ___________ the back story and written character were common knowledge.
【答案】whom
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：陕西的油泼面在当地人心中是一道慰藉人心、备受喜爱的食物，关于它的背景故事和文字字符是当地人的常识。空处引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词locals。先行词指人，在定语从句中做介词的宾语，所以用关系代词whom引导该从句。故填whom。
21．（23-24高三下 全国 期中）Beijing, ___________ the Summer Games were held in 2008, is the first city in the world to host both editions of the Olympic Games.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：北京，2008年夏季奥运会的举办地，是世界上首个举办过两届奥运会的城市。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Beijing。先行词在定语从句中做地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。
22．（23-24高三下 福建福州 阶段练习）___________is known to all, Tsinghua University is one of the top universities throughout the world.
【答案】As
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：众所周知，清华大学是世界上顶尖的大学之一。空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词指代后面的句子，在定语从句中作主语，且表示“正如”，应用关系代词as引导，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填As。
23．（23-24高三下 全国 期中）Understanding, love and tolerance are the first three essentials ___________ come to an authentic friendship.
【答案】that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：理解和爱、宽容是构成真正友谊的首要三个要素。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限定性定语从句，修饰先行词essentials。先行词指物，在定语从句中作主语，且先行词前有序数词修饰，所以只能用关系代词that引导该从句。故填that。
24．（23-24高三上 全国 单元测试）___________ is often the case, some students play computer games so late that they can't finish their homework on time.
【答案】As
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：通常情况下，有些学生玩电脑游戏太晚，以致无法按时完成作业。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰后面整个句子，表示“正如”，应用as引导定语从句，as is often the case意为“通
常情况下”，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填As。
25．（23-24高三上 全国 单元测试）I would like to choose the student, I think is the best, to be our monitor.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我想选我认为最优秀的学生做我们的班长。分析可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the student，关系词在从句中作主语，指人，故填who。
26．（23-24高三上 全国 单元测试）We must believe that we can succeed, ___________ makes it possible for us to overcome the difficulties.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们要相信自己能够成功，这样我们才有可能克服困难。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导定语从句，故填which。
27．（23-24高三上 全国 单元测试）My best friend Julia will come to see me next July, ___________ she won’t be so busy.
【答案】when
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我最好的朋友朱莉娅明年七月会来看我，那时她不会那么忙。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词next July，且关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导定语从句，故填when。
28．（23-24高三上 全国 单元测试）The couple, ___________ life used to be very hard, have set up a series of chain stores in Europe.
【答案】whose
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这对夫妇过去生活很艰苦，现在在欧洲开了一系列连锁店。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词whose引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词The couple在从句中作定语成分。故填whose。
29．（23-24高三上 全国 单元测试）My mother bought many children's books, nearly half of ___________ were for my sister.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我妈妈买了许多儿童读物，其中将近一半是给我妹妹的。分析可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词children's books，在从句中作of的宾语，故填which。
30．（23-24高三上 全国 单元测试）We finally got to the village, ___________ we saw a number of newly-built houses.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们终于到了那个村子，在那里我们看到了许多新建的房子。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词village，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
31．（2024高三下 全国 专题练习）None of the people knew the reason ___________ the car before his house was damaged.
【答案】why
【解析】考查定语从句。句意: 没有人知道他家门前那辆车被损坏的原因。设空处引导定语从句，先行词是reason, 设空处在定语从句中作原因状语，应该用关系副词 why。故填why。
32．（2024高三下 全国 专题练习）The origin of facial makeup used in Peking Opera can be traced back to the Northern and Southern Dynasties, ___________ leading actors used to wear masks.
【答案】when
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：京剧中使用的脸谱的起源可以追溯到南北朝时期，当时的主角常戴面具。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the Northern and Southern Dynasties，先行词在定语从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when。故填when。
33．（2024高三下 全国 专题练习）Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings shed tears when they cry, none of ___________ has been proved.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：关于人类为什么哭的时候会流泪，科学家已经提出了很多理论，没有一个被证实。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词theories，先行词指物，并在从句中作介词of的宾语，应用关系代词which。故填 which。
34．（2024高三下 全国 专题练习）Different colors can create different moods in your space, some of ___________ may not be favorable to sleep.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：不同的颜色能在你的空间创造出不同的气氛，其中的一些可能并不利于睡眠。此处为介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词colors，指物，设空处在定语从句中作介词 of 的宾语，故填 which。
35．（2024高三下 全国 专题练习）In 1961 the UN decided to set up the World Food Programme, one of ___________ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.
【答案】whose
【解析】考查定语从。句意：1961 年联合国决定建立世界粮食计划署，其目的之一就是缓解世界范围内的
饥饿问题。此处为介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句，且设空处在定语从句中作定语，修饰名词purposes，应该用关系代词whose引导。故填 whose。
36．（2024高三下 全国 专题练习）Chinese astronaut Wang Yaping made history on November 7, 2021 ___________ she became the country's first woman to conduct a spacewalk.
【答案】when
【解析】考查定语从句。句意: 2021年11月7日，中国航天员王亚平创造了历史，成为中国首位进行太空行走的女性。先行词为November 7, 2021，表示时间，设空处在定语从句中作状语，需用关系副词when, 故填when。
37．（2024高三下 全国 专题练习）Toward the end of my teaching career, I became a teacher librarian, ___________ aroused my love for being surrounded by books.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在我的教学生涯接近尾声时，我成了一名教师图书管理员，这引起了我对被书籍包围的热爱。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代作者成为一名教师图书管理员这件事，定语从句缺主语，故填which。
38．（2024高三下 全国 专题练习）Since the first ceremony in 1929, ___________only thirteen awards were given out, the Oscars have grown in size and popularity.
【答案】when
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：1929 年的第一次颁奖典礼只颁发了 13个奖项，自那以后，奥斯卡的规模和受欢迎程度增加了。先行词为1929，表示时间，设空处在定语从句中作状语，需用关系副词。故填when。
39．（2024高三下 全国 专题练习）At present the masters use the full face, painted silk masks, ___________can be worn in layers and be pulled off one by one in the blink of an eye.
【答案】which
【解析】考查非限定性定语从句。句意：目前大师们使用的是全脸彩绘丝绸面具，可以分层戴，眨眼间就可以一层一层地摘下来。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词the full face, painted silk masks指物， 设空处在定语从句中作主语需用关系代词which。故填 which。
40．（2024高三下 全国 专题练习）The country’s highest honor is given to those ___________ have made great contributions to the development of the People’s Republic of China.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：国家的最高荣誉授予了那些为中华人民共和国的发展做出巨大贡献的人。空处引导定语从句，先行词those指人，从句中缺少主语，需用关系代词who，故填 who。
41．（2024高三下 全国 专题练习）The brain interprets dieting and restriction as hunger, ___________ causes the storage of fat.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：大脑将节食和（对食物的）限制解读为饥饿，这会导致脂肪的储存。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，在定语从句中作主语，先行词为前面的整个主句，指的是事，所以使用关系代词which。故填which。
42．（2024高三下 全国 专题练习）The Journey to the West is the most interesting story ___________I have ever read.
【答案】that
【解析】句意: 《西游记》是我曾读过的最有趣的故事。设空处引导定语从句, 先行词 story指物，设空处在定语从句中作宾语，且先行词前有形容词最高级修饰。故填that。
43．（2024高三下 全国 专题练习）The first thing coming to my mind is to get a driving license, ___________ is a must for most college students.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我想到的第一件事是拿到驾照, 这是大多数大学生必须做的事。设空处引导非限制性定语从句, 先行词driving license指物，设空处在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
44．（2024高三下 全国 专题练习）___________ is known to us all, Yang Liwei is the first astronaut in China to enter space.
【答案】As
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：众所周知，杨利伟是中国第一位进入太空的航天员。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句，设空处在定语从句中作主语，有“正如”之意，且位于句首，故填关系代词 As。
45．（2024高三下 全国 专题练习）Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, ___________ will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earhart's final flight.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：裁判将选出多达50名荣誉奖得主，每个人将获得一件T恤以纪念Earhart的最后一次飞行。分析句子结构可知，此处应为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句缺少主语, 所以使用
关系代词，先行词winners指人，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，所以使用关系代词who。故填 who。
46．（22-23高三下 福建 开学考试）Chinese mainland, ___________ is indicated in the chart, has risen to 11th place on the 2022 Global Innovation Rating.
【答案】as
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：如图所示，中国大陆在2022年全球创新排名中上升至第11位。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是“中国大陆在2022年全球创新排名中上升至第11位”这个句子，且此处表示“正如”，应用as引导定语从句，故填which。
读后续写
（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last weekend, I was standing at the finish line of the St. Francis Franny Flyer 5K (五公里赛) route, waiting for my nine-year-old son Kade to pass by.
Kade, though a fourth-grader, was already an experienced runner. He had been a part of a cross-country club since he was six years old. He had loved to run for as long as he could remember. He had been working hard to improve his endurance and running skills as he was determined to be a professional runner and compete in national and international races when he was older.
There were two St. Francis Franny Flyer races happening at the same time that day. The 5K race weaved through neighborhoods, from the church to Pinecone Road and back while the 10K followed the same route but extended north on Pinecone Road. Race volunteers were available on Pinecone Road to show runners the way, and there were also signs directing the two different courses.
I signed Kade up for the 5K race as a way to train him for the Junior Olympics. He had never run a 10K, not even in training, so the 10K race was never an option.
Kade was pretty fast and he set a 5K record for his age group at last year’s race, so I was surprised to see slower runners crossing the finish line before him. “This is weird. He should be ahead of them. He might just be having a bad race,” I thought to myself. But as the minutes passed, my worry intensified. My heart raced at the thought that Kade might be lost or injured.
Anxious and worried, I drove along the 5K race route in search of Kade, but he was nowhere to be found. A surge of fear and despair overwhelmed me, causing a flood of tears to pour down my face. I turned to race officials and volunteers for help, and people started looking for him.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Later, a volunteer told me he had spotted Kade on the 10K course.
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Finally, Kade appeared and crossed the finish line.
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【答案】范文
Later, a volunteer told me he had spotted Kade on the 10K course. Knowing that he was safe, I let out a sigh of relief. Despite hearing that Kade seemed to be running well, worry hang over me as I realized he had taken a wrong turn and was now running a longer and more challenging race than he had ever trained for I couldn’t help but pace back and for that the finish line, anxiously searching for any sign of my son. With every runner approaching, my heart leaped in hope, only to sink in disappointment when it wasn’t him.
Finally, Kade appeared and crossed the finish line. Relief washed over me at the sight of his face. I hugged him tightly, overwhelmed with pride for his courage, determination, and resilience. “What happened Why did you end up on the 10K course ” I asked my son eagerly. “A race volunteer directed me the wrong way. I didn’t realize the mistake until I saw the 10K turnaround sign, but I didn’t want to give up halfway,” explained Kade. At that moment, I knew without doubt that he was to become a professional runner.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者去看儿子凯德参加跑步比赛，半路作者没有看到儿子，担心儿子迷路，最后儿子顺利完成比赛，也学会了变得坚毅勇敢。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“后来，一位志愿者告诉我，他在10K跑道上看到了凯德。”可知，第一段可描写凯德
比赛中的表现以及作者的内心变化。
②由第二段首句内容“最后，凯德出现了，冲过了终点线。”可知，第二段可描写凯德完成比赛，作者内心的感受。
2.续写线索：告知儿子消息——焦急等待——凯德出现——完成比赛——自豪拥抱——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①靠近：approach/get close
②寻找：search for/look for
③意识到：realize/be aware of
情绪类
①毅力：resilience/perseverance
②勇敢：courage/nerve
【点睛】[高分句型1] Knowing that he was safe, I let out a sigh of relief. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] I didn’t realize the mistake until I saw the 10K turnaround sign, but I didn’t want to give up halfway (运用了until引导时间状语从句)必修1 Unit 5 Languages Around the World
Part 1 单元语法讲义--关系副词/介词+关系代词引导的限制性定语从句
一、关系副词引导的限制性定语从句
当定语从句中不缺少主语、宾语、定语和表语时，要选用关系副词。其中when, where, why是常见的三个关系副词。
关系副词 先行词 作用
when 时间名词 时间状语 表时间的介词(如：in, on, at, during等)＋which；
where 地点名词或抽象名词(situation，point，activity，case，stage等) 地点状语 表地点的介词(如：in, at, on, under等)＋which；
why the reason 原因状语 表原因的介词(如：for)＋which。
We will put off the picnic in the park until next week，when the weather may be better.
我们将把在公园里的野餐推迟到下个星期，那时候天气可能会更好。
Do you know the reason why he didn't attend the meeting yesterday
你知道他昨天为什么没有出席会议的原因吗？
1. when的用法
when修饰时间名词，在从句中作时间状语。其先行词通常为time, day, year, week等。
I'll never forget the day when my son was born.
我永远忘不了我儿子出生的那一天。
易错点：当表示时间的先行词在从句中作主语或宾语时，关系词不用when而用that或which。
The season which/that they were talking about was autumn.
他们正在谈论的季节是秋天。
2. where的用法
where用于修饰地点名词如place, park, factory, house等。在从句中作地点状语，相当于介词+which。
Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment where they live.
现在人们更加关心他们居住的环境。
b.当先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词，如：point， situation， case， stage， family等时，如果引导词在从句中作状语，常用关系副词where引导定语从句；如果不作状语，则用关系代词that/which。
Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.
学生应该参与社区活动，在那里他们可以获得成长的经验。
Remember that there is still one point that/which we must make clear at the conference tomorrow.
记住在明天的会议上我们还有一点必须弄清楚。
She's in a hopeless situation，where we will keep a very close eye on her.
她处于无望的处境中，在这种情况下我们将密切注意她。
c.先行词occasion当“时刻”讲时，用关系副词when；当“场合”讲时，用关系副词where。
Please describe an occasion where you met real difficulties.
请描述你遇到真正困境的场景。
Occasions are rare when I have the time to spend a day with my kids.
我有时间和孩子们度过一天的时机很少。
3. why的用法
why相当于for which, 在从句中作原因状语，但若关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语时，定语从句要用that或which引导。
Can you tell me the reason why(=for which) you are late again
你能告诉我你再次迟到的原因吗？
The boss doesn’t want to hear any reason (that/which) you might give.
老板不想听你所提出的任何理由。
二、关系副词/介词+关系代词引导的限制性定语从句
1 关系代词的确定
在介词后作宾语的关系代词只有which和whom。如果先行词是物，引导词用which；如果先行词是人，则引导词用whom。
This is the train on which I went to Shanghai.
这就是我去上海所乘坐的那列火车。
This is the student for whom I bought the dictionary.
这就是我为他买词典的那个学生。
介词一般放在关系代词which和whom之前，如果介词和句中动词组成固定词组时，这个介词一般不前置。
My youngest brother，whom I have to look after，is demanding.
我得照看我最小的弟弟，他真是让人费神。
2 关系代词前介词的确定
依据定语从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配来确定。
The fellow to whom I spoke made no answer at first.
我与之说话的那个人起初没有回答。(speak to)
The West Lake, for which Hangzhou is famous, is a beautiful place.
西湖是一个美丽的地方，杭州因此而闻名。(be famous for)
根据先行词来确定。
I'll never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the country.
我永远不会忘记我在乡村度过的童年时光。(during the time)
Air, without which man can't live, is really important.
空气真的很重要，没有它人类就不能生存。(without air)
3 “名词/代词＋介词＋关系代词”结构
此类结构常见的有“some/many/most/all/none＋of＋which/whom”等。
Here are the questions, some of which I think are difficult for you.
问题都在这儿，其中一些我认为对你来说很难。
He has three sons, none of whom are doctors.
他有三个儿子，没有一个是当医生的。
4 “复合介词短语＋关系代词which”
从句部分常与先行词用逗号隔开，且从句部分常用倒装语序。
He lived in a big house, in front of which stood a big tree.
他住在一所大房子里，房子前面有一棵大树。
5 “介词＋which/whom＋不定式”
The poor man has no house in which to live.
→The poor man has no house to live in.
→The poor man has no house in which he can live.
那个穷人没房子住。
有时为表达清楚，也可以在关系副词where/when前加介词from/to等，平时也应掌握，但非高考重点。
China is the birthplace of kites，from where kite flying spreads to Japan，Thailand，India and so on.
中国是风筝的发源地，从这里，放风筝传到了日本、泰国、印度等国家。
Part 2 读后续写素材积累
牙齿、下巴和胸膛
tooth牙齿
Her lips parted, revealing a flash of white teeth.她嘴唇轻启，露出一口洁白的牙齿。
His sparkling white teeth showed through his beautiful smile.在迷人的笑容中，他露出了洁白的牙齿。
She had very pretty straight teeth. 她有一口漂亮、整齐的牙齿。
Chin 下巴
He had clear blue eyes and a jutting chin. 他有一双清激的蓝眼睛和一个突出的下巴
Both of their chins were dotted with beads of sweat.他们两人的下巴上尽是汗珠。
Jack jutted （使突出，伸出）his chin forward and did not answer the teacher.Jack 下巴扬得高高的，没有回答老师的问题。
There he stood: hair in wild tangles, dark stubble (胡子茬) shadowing his chin.他站在那儿，头发乱成一团，下巴上一片黑胡茬。
Chest胸膛
He fell back into the water, his breath rasping （发出刺耳的声音）in his heaving (强烈而有节奏地)他仰面跌进了水中，胸部起伏，呼吸急促。
His athletic chest expanded, taking in a lungful of much needed oxygen.他健壮的胸部向外扩大，吸进一大口急需的氧气。
His chest heaves with every breath. 他的胸脯随着呼吸起伏。
His chest swelled (使凸出，鼓起) with pride as he accepted the award.他领奖时骄傲地挺起胸脯。
二、嘴巴、脸颊、鼻子
Mouth嘴巴
A smile played around his mouth. 他嘴上挂着微笑。
A tight mouth was the only sign of her nerves. 紧闭的嘴是她紧张的唯一迹象。
Chris looked over at her, his mouth grinning with satisfaction.Chris 看着她，满意的咧嘴笑了。
He wiped his greasy（多油的）mouth on his sleeve. 他用袖子擦了擦油膩的嘴。
Her mouth curved into a smile。她嘴角一弯，微笑了。
Her mouth suddenly set in a determined line. 她的嘴突然绷成一条坚定的线。
My mouth started watering when I smelled the food.闻到食物的味道，我就流口水了。
The corners of her mouth turned up in a slight smile. 她嘴角上扬，微微一笑。
There was blood trickling (滴，淌) from the corner of his mouth.鲜血从他的嘴角流了出来。
From one corner of her mouth flowed a stream of fresh blood.从她的一个嘴角流下一道鲜血。
Cheeks脸烦
Georgina softly rubbed the newborn's cherubic （天使般纯真的）cheeks.Georgina 轻轻地摸了摸新生儿那娇嫩的脸颊。
He looked young, dark and sharp-featured, with hollow（ 凹陷的）cheeks.他看起米很年轻，肤色勁黑，五官分明，双烦四陷。
He puffed out his fat cheeks and let out a lungful of steamy breath他鼓起胖乎乎的腮糖子，呼出了一大口热气。4. She had bright, rosy cheeks. 她的脸庞红润、有光泽。
The children had glowing cheeks after race.孩子们跑完步后脸蛋儿红通通的。
When she thought of this, she felt her cheeks burning hot as if the effect of the wine were still upon her.她想到这点就两颊绯红，好像酒力未消一样。
Nose鼻子
His bleeding nose dripped all over the kitchen floor.他的鼻血滴得厨房地板上哪儿都是。
My nose is bunged （鼻塞的）up with a cold.我因伤风而鼻子不通。
She was weeping quite loudly and her nose was running.她很大声地哭着，流着鼻涕。
三、眼睛、眉毛、嘴唇
Eye 眼睛
When her eyes looked up, they were very large, odd, and attractive.她抬起眼来的时候，眼睛很大、很特别、很动人。
Dark circles lay round her eyes. 她眼睛周围有黑眼圈。
Her big eyes were shaded by long black lashes（睫毛），curving backward in a most peculiar way.她那黑黑的长睫毛非常别致地朝上弯曲着，掩映着一双大眼睛。
Her arched(拱形的)brows accentuate（强调，使突出）the beauty of her eyes.她那弯弯的眉毛使她的眼睛显得更加美丽。
The object was a blur（模糊形状）to her sleeping eyes.在她的惺忪睡眼看来，那个东西一片模糊。
Her eyes were sparkling like diamonds. 她的眼睛像钻石一样闪闪发光。
Eyebrow眉毛
His eyebrows bushed together. 他的眉毛浓密。
She had attractive angular（有楼角的）eyebrows which framed （给...做框 ) her deep blue eyes.她有一双迷人的有棱有角的眉毛，衬托出她深蓝色的眼睛。
Helen raised her brows in surprise at his boldness.Helen抬了抬眉毛，对他的大胆感到惊讶。
Luke's dark eyebrows lowered questioningly. Luke 疑恐地垂下他的黑眉毛。
Her lips are all pale. 她的嘴唇惨白。
Ryan had a bloodied lip which he explained he got from a scuffle (小扭打，冲突) with Tom.Ryan 的嘴唇在流血，他解释说是和 Tom 扭打的结果。
There was a slight smile on her lips. 她嘴唇上泛起一抹徽笑。
Her lips parted with a cry of fear. 她恐惧地张嘴喊叫。
四、前额脸和面容
Forehead 额头
A line of sweat broke out on her forehead and she thought she might faint.她的额头上冒出一串汗珠，她以为自己可能会晕过去。
Blood rained down from a deep gash in his forehead.他额头上一道深深的伤口血流如注。
His forehead was dripping with perspiration（汗）．他额头在淌汗。
It was a hot July morning, and perspiration glistened on his forehead.那是一个炎热的七月的早晨，汗珠在他的额上闪闪发光。
5.The sweat stood in beads(液体的小珠，小滴）upon his forehead. 他额上冒着汗珠。
6. Linda had a strongly defined chin, a high forehead, and light grey eyes.Linda 有着轮廊分明的下巴、高高的额头和一双浅灰色的眼睛。
7.Looking at her, Jack's forehead knotted in a frown. Jack 注视着她，眉头紧锁。
8.Her stomach gurgled（发汩汩声）and little beads of perspiration formed on her forehead.她的胃咯咯作响，小汗珠涌现在她的前额。
9.She stepped into the room trembling, cold perspiration on her forehead.她走进房间，颤抖不已，额头冒出冷汗。10. She fell against our table and got a large bump on her forehead.她倒地时撞到我们的桌子上，额头起了个大包。11. Some deep wrinkles furrow （使起皱纹 ) his lower forehead.他额头下方出现了几道深深的皱纹。
Face & Features 脸和面容
1.He had a large, square face, with strongly pronounced eyebrows and check bones.他有一张大大的方脸，眉毛很重，颧骨突出。
2.His face was blue from the cold. 他的脸冻得发紫。
3. Her face is already lined with the cares of domestic life.她因家事操劳，脸上已经起了皱纹。
4.It was still possible to see in her face something of the freshness and prettiness of her youth.在她脸上仍能看到一点她年轻时的娇艳和美貌。
5.His sunburnt face was the picture of health.他那张晒黑的脸表明他很健康。
6. She had lost much of the roundness of her face, her skin had lost its youth, and her hair was thinner.她往日丰润的脸庞消瘦多了，皮肤失去了青春的光泽，头发也不那么浓密了。
7.She was fine and very pretty, with a face full of expression.她生得清秀，非常美，有一张表情丰富的脸。
五、人体部位
Hair & Beard
1.A light wind passed his brow, fanning softly his uncombed hair and stirring silver points of anxiety in his eyes.微风掠过他的额头，轻拂着他那未经梳理的头发，使焦灼不安的银光在他的眼睛里晃动。
2.As she bent forward, her fine black hair fell over her cheek.她身子前倾时，秀美的黑发倾泻到她的脸颊上。3.Blond hair runs in her family.她全家人都长着金发。
4.Dad looked so handsome, his black hair combed back like Elvis Presley's, a huge grin across his face.爸爸看起来很英俊。他的黑发像 Elvis Presley(貓王）那样梳成大背头，脸上挂着大大的笑容。
5.He had a crop of blond hair and radiant green eyes.他留着金色的平头短发，有一双明亮的绿色眼睛。
6. He had a high forehead and wore spectacles （眼镜)and a slight beard.他额头很高，戴眼镜，留了一些胡子。7.He had brilliant blue eyes, short blonde hair, and a well-defined jaw that made her spellbound.他有着明亮的蓝眼睛、金色短发和棱角分明的下巴，这一切都让她入迷。
8.He is a short fat man with no hair on his head. 他是一个矮胖的光头男人。
9.He was a man of small stature, with hair blanched rather by suffering and sorrow than by age.他是个身材瘦小的人，头发已经灰白------那大概是受苦和忧虑的结果，而不是年龄的原因。
10. Her hair flows down her back. 她的头发垂在背后。
11.Her hair ripples in the spring breeze. 她的头发在春风中像波浪般飘动。
12.Her hair was gray, her clothes ragged. 她头发花白，衣服破烂。
13.Her light brown hair was hanging loose about her neck.她那淡棕色的头发披散在脖子上。
14. Her long fair hair fell untidily over her shoulders.她那长长的浅色色头发凌乱地披在肩上。
15.Her long, fine hair was swept back in a ponytail.她秀美的长发在脑后梳成了马尾辫。
16.Her shoulder-length hair spilled over her face. 她的齐肩长发散落在脸上。
17.Her thick curly black hair was twisted into a knot on her neck.她那浓密的黑色卷发在后脑勺上盘成一个髻。18. Her waist was small, her hair full and jet-black,her eyes liquid and her eyebrows drawnout toward her temples（太阳穴，鬓角）。她腰肢纤细，头发浓密、漆黑，两眼如秋水般明丽，双眉画入两鬓。
19.His black hair was going gray. 他的黑发开始变白了。
20. His face was very red, his hat was on the back of his head. his hair was wildly rumpled（ 弄乱）.他的脸涨得通红，帽子向后斜戴着，头发也乱成一团。
21.His hair is thick, and black as a raven. 他的头发乌黑浓密。
22. Lily caught a lock of her hair and twirled（使旋转，缠绕)it around her finger.Lily抓住一绺头发，绕着手指转圈。22.Little curls clustered round her forehead.她额前留着小卷发。
23. She came, her hair streaming behind her. 她来了，头发在背后飘荡着。
24. She had a fine head of chestnut （粟色的，红棕色的）hair.她有一头栗色的秀发。
25.She has a long golden ponytail that bobs up and down when she walks.她扎着一个走起路来上下摆动的金色长马尾辫。
26. She has a row of curls round her head. 她长着一头卷发。
27. She is a shy young girl and her hair was cut in a short crop.她是个害羞的年轻姑娘，头发剪成很短的平头。教导队。
28. She was a young and lovely girl, with a profusion（大量）of light brown hair, and eyes that seemed to float in liquid crystal.她是一个年轻、可爱的姑娘，长着浓密的淡棕色头发，水灵灵的眼睛如珍珠般闪亮。
29.She was wearing bangs （刘海）on her forehead which gave her a girlish appearance when she laughed, and there was a curious liquid luster (光泽,光彩) in her eyes.她的额前留着刘海儿，这让她笑时有种少女的神态，而且她的眼睛里有一股水汪汪的奇妙光彩。
30.The curly red hair was tied up in a neat little bun（圆发髻）卷曲的红头发扎成一个整齐的小发髻。
31.The girl’s hair was silky.这姑娘的头发像丝绸一样光滑。
32.Mother was no getting old and her hair was almost entirely white,although she was still under fifty.母亲一天天见老，虽然不到五十岁，但她的头发已几乎全白了。
33.The tresses were tossed about her tender throat and were quivering in the sunlight.披拂在她娇嫩的脖子上的发绺，在阳光下轻轻飘动。
34.Their hair was tied up into broad bands on top of their heads.她们的头发编成粗大的辫子盘在头顶。
35.He was a tall,lanky（瘦长的） one with spiked（尖的） hair and a small goatee（山羊胡子）.他个子高高、瘦瘦的，头发粗短呈刺状，留着小山羊胡子。
36.He wears a dense beard.他留着浓密的胡须。
37.His chin is covered by a thick and short beard.他下巴上长满浓密而短的胡子。
Part 3 单元语法+读后续写即时检测
定语从句
1．（23-24高三下 全国 期中）The student coming from the country was starving for the friendship from those ___________come from the city.
2．（23-24高三下 全国 期中）A survey found that there are over 60 million current players in the world, the majority of ___________ live in East Asia.
3．（2023高三 全国 专题练习）The lifestyle, however, was laid down by two historical men of letters. One was Bai Juyi, ___________ rebuilt the West Lake and made a new bank to benefit the locals.
4．（2023高三 全国 专题练习）China’s modernization process over the past four decades has created a new context ___________there is a partnership between the ancient and modern, generating something new and genuine.
5．（2023高三 全国 专题练习）The reason ___________this traditional flatbread happens to be popular among the ethnic groups here lies in its being easy to bake, store and transport.
6．（2023高三 全国 专题练习）This mountain was home to the Kua Fu tribe, ___________members were all tall and mighty like giants.
7．（2023高三 全国 专题练习）The reasons why Chinese is enjoying great popularity are as follows. First, China is already a global economic power, ___________ influence is growing.
8．（2023高三 全国 专题练习）Beside scientific missions, the crew also gave two live science lectures from the space station, during ___________ they conducted various experiments and answered questions from students watching the class on Earth.
9．（23-24高三下 北京 阶段练习）She studied Chinese medicine for two and a half years with expects in the field from ___________ she gained a deep knowledge.
10．（23-24高三下 广东佛山 阶段练习）At the Chinese art festival, there are different places ___________ artists show their skills and teach the visitors.
11．（2024高三 全国 专题练习）A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ___________ gives off light in the dark.
12．（23-24高三上 全国 单元测试）Using cellphones while driving can often be seen, ___________ is illegal in many countries.
13．（23-24高三上 全国 单元测试）___________ is announced on the school radio, the sports meet will be held next week.
14．（22-23高三下 福建 开学考试）The manager, in ___________ office I just attended an interview, asked me to 15．（23-24高三下 重庆黔江 阶段练习）This is the only one of the best novels ___________has appeared this year.
16．（23-24高三下 重庆黔江 阶段练习）We’ll discuss a case ___________beginners of English fail to use the language properly.
17．（23-24高三下 全国 期中）According to the Beijing 2022 Organizing Committee, more than 1 million people applied to serve as volunteers and nearly 20，000 were selected, most of ___________ are from colleges and universities in Beijing and Hebei Province.
18．（23-24高三下 全国 期中）She found out her daughter had been sleeping on the floor in a house ___________ dogs and cats moved around, and she worried that older babies might step on her.
19．（23-24高三下 全国 期中）I hope acupuncture, with ___________ help I recovered, will continue to bring health to other people.
20．（23-24高三下 全国 期中）Shaanxi’s biang biang noodles were a comforting and beloved food among locals, for ___________ the back story and written character were common knowledge.
21．（23-24高三下 全国 期中）Beijing, ___________ the Summer Games were held in 2008, is the first city in the world to host both editions of the Olympic Games.
22．（23-24高三下 福建福州 阶段练习）___________is known to all, Tsinghua University is one of the top universities throughout the world.
23．（23-24高三下 全国 期中）Understanding, love and tolerance are the first three essentials ___________ come to an authentic friendship.
24．（23-24高三上 全国 单元测试）___________ is often the case, some students play computer games so late that they can't finish their homework on time.
25．（23-24高三上 全国 单元测试）I would like to choose the student, I think is the best, to be our monitor.
26．（23-24高三上 全国 单元测试）We must believe that we can succeed, ___________ makes it possible for us to overcome the difficulties.
27．（23-24高三上 全国 单元测试）My best friend Julia will come to see me next July, ___________ she won’t be so busy.
28．（23-24高三上 全国 单元测试）The couple, ___________ life used to be very hard, have set up a series of chain stores in Europe.
29．（23-24高三上 全国 单元测试）My mother bought many children's books, nearly half of ___________ were
for my sister.
30．（23-24高三上 全国 单元测试）We finally got to the village, ___________ we saw a number of newly-built houses.
31．（2024高三下 全国 专题练习）None of the people knew the reason ___________ the car before his house was damaged.
32．（2024高三下 全国 专题练习）The origin of facial makeup used in Peking Opera can be traced back to the Northern and Southern Dynasties, ___________ leading actors used to wear masks.
33．（2024高三下 全国 专题练习）Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings shed tears when they cry, none of ___________ has been proved.
34．（2024高三下 全国 专题练习）Different colors can create different moods in your space, some of ___________ may not be favorable to sleep.
35．（2024高三下 全国 专题练习）In 1961 the UN decided to set up the World Food Programme, one of ___________ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.
36．（2024高三下 全国 专题练习）Chinese astronaut Wang Yaping made history on November 7, 2021 ___________ she became the country's first woman to conduct a spacewalk.
37．（2024高三下 全国 专题练习）Toward the end of my teaching career, I became a teacher librarian, ___________ aroused my love for being surrounded by books.
38．（2024高三下 全国 专题练习）Since the first ceremony in 1929, ___________only thirteen awards were given out, the Oscars have grown in size and popularity.
39．（2024高三下 全国 专题练习）At present the masters use the full face, painted silk masks, ___________can be worn in layers and be pulled off one by one in the blink of an eye.
40．（2024高三下 全国 专题练习）The country’s highest honor is given to those ___________ have made great contributions to the development of the People’s Republic of China.
41．（2024高三下 全国 专题练习）The brain interprets dieting and restriction as hunger, ___________ causes the storage of fat.
42．（2024高三下 全国 专题练习）The Journey to the West is the most interesting story ___________I have ever read.
43．（2024高三下 全国 专题练习）The first thing coming to my mind is to get a driving license, ___________ is a must for most college students.
44．（2024高三下 全国 专题练习）___________ is known to us all, Yang Liwei is the first astronaut in China to enter space.
45．（2024高三下 全国 专题练习）Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, ___________ will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earhart's final flight.
46．（22-23高三下 福建 开学考试）Chinese mainland, ___________ is indicated in the chart, has risen to 11th place on the 2022 Global Innovation Rating.
读后续写
（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last weekend, I was standing at the finish line of the St. Francis Franny Flyer 5K (五公里赛) route, waiting for my nine-year-old son Kade to pass by.
Kade, though a fourth-grader, was already an experienced runner. He had been a part of a cross-country club since he was six years old. He had loved to run for as long as he could remember. He had been working hard to improve his endurance and running skills as he was determined to be a professional runner and compete in national and international races when he was older.
There were two St. Francis Franny Flyer races happening at the same time that day. The 5K race weaved through neighborhoods, from the church to Pinecone Road and back while the 10K followed the same route but extended north on Pinecone Road. Race volunteers were available on Pinecone Road to show runners the way, and there were also signs directing the two different courses.
I signed Kade up for the 5K race as a way to train him for the Junior Olympics. He had never run a 10K, not even in training, so the 10K race was never an option.
Kade was pretty fast and he set a 5K record for his age group at last year’s race, so I was surprised to see slower runners crossing the finish line before him. “This is weird. He should be ahead of them. He might just be having a bad race,” I thought to myself. But as the minutes passed, my worry intensified. My heart raced at the thought that Kade might be lost or injured.
Anxious and worried, I drove along the 5K race route in search of Kade, but he was nowhere to be found. A surge of fear and despair overwhelmed me, causing a flood of tears to pour down my face. I turned to race officials and volunteers for help, and people started looking for him.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Later, a volunteer told me he had spotted Kade on the 10K course.
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Finally, Kade appeared and crossed the finish line.
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