必修1 Unit 5 Languages Around the World
Part 1 单元词汇过关
01-单元主题写作词汇积累-- 语言习得
词汇
1.fluent adj. 流利的；流畅的
2. recite v. 背诵
3.ability n. 能力,才能
4.enrich v. 使富足
5.enlarge v. 扩大，使增大
6.improve v. 改善，增进，提高 7.vocabulary n. 词汇
8.remember v. 记得，记起
9.intelligence n. 智力，智能
10.mistake n. 错误
11.interpret v. 解释，翻译
12.retell v. 复述
13.grammar n. 语法 14.memorize v. 记住，背熟，记忆
15.progress n. 进步 16.master v. 控制，精通
17.effective adj. 有效地
18.conquer v. 征服
19.expand v.使膨胀，使扩张
20.gain v. 获得
词块
21. attend English debates and speech contest 参加英语辩论赛和英语演讲比赛
22. English newspaper and magazines 英语报纸和杂志
23. spare no pains 不辞劳苦
24.make conversations with sb 和某人交谈
25. lack the confidence to do sth 缺乏信心做某事
26 try/ attempt to do sth 努力做某事/试图做某事
27.watch English movies and TV programs 看英文电影和电视节目
28 Practice makes perfect 熟能生巧
29. talk with sb about sth 和某人谈论某事
30. look up a word in a dictionary 在词典中
31. review regularly 定期复习
32. pay attention to 注意
33.enhance your confidence 增强自信心
34 lay emphasis on 强调，把重点放到
35. insist on doing 坚持做某事
36.take an interest in ...对.....感兴趣
37. attach great importance to 十分重视
38. take part in the English corner 参加英语角
02-单元重点词汇背记
__________________ n. 机会；时机
_________________ prep. (朝)向
_________________ adj. 普通的；平凡的
_________________vt. 使能够；使可能
_________________vt. 证明；展现
_________________vt. 授予 n. 奖品
_________________ n. 时期；阶段；舞台
_________________ adv. (用以强调)全部；总共
_________________adv. 如此；因此
_________________ adv. 现在；目前
_________________ adj. 有能力的；有才能的
_________________vt. 治愈；治好(疾病)；解决(问题) n. 药物；治疗；措施13．_________________ adj. 先前的；以往的
_________________ n. 巨大影响；强大作用；冲击力
_________________ n. 天才；天资；天赋
_________________ n. 添加；加法；增加物
_________________ n. (疾)病
_________________ vi.& n. 疼痛
_________________ adv. 而且；此外
_________________ adv. 以某种方式(或方法)；不知怎么地
1．opportunity n. 机会；时机
2．onto prep. (朝)向
3．ordinary adj. 普通的；平凡的
4．enable vt. 使能够；使可能
5．prove vt. 证明；展现
6．award vt. 授予 n. 奖品
7．stage n. 时期；阶段；舞台
8．altogether adv. (用以强调)全部；总共
9．thus adv. 如此；因此
10．nowadays adv. 现在；目前
11．capable adj. 有能力的；有才能的
12．cure vt. 治愈；治好(疾病)；解决(问题) n. 药物；治疗；措施13．previous adj. 先前的；以往的
13．impact n. 巨大影响；强大作用；冲击力
14．talent n. 天才；天资；天赋
15．addition n. 添加；加法；增加物
16．disease n. (疾)病
17．ache vi.& n. 疼痛
18．moreover adv. 而且；此外
20．somehow adv. 以某种方式(或方法)；不知怎么地
03-单元核心词形拓展
1. base vt. 以……为据点; n. 底部→_______________ n. 基础 →_______________ adj. 基本的→_______________y adv. 主要地, 基本上
2. refer vi. 提到; 参考; 查阅 vt. 查询; 使……求助于→_______________ n. 指称关系; 参考
3. classic adj. 经典的; 古典的; 传统的; 最优秀的 n. 经典著作→_______________ adj. 古典的; 经典的; 传统的
4. variety n. (植物、语言等的)变体; 异体; 多样化→_______________ vt&vi. (使)多样化→_______________ adj. 各种各样的
5. description n. 描写(文字); 形容→_______________ vt. 描述
6. appreciate vt. 欣赏; 重视; 感激; 领会 vi. 增值→_______________ n. 欣赏; 感激
7. equal n. 同等的人; 相等物adj. 相同的; 同样的→_______________ adv. 同样地; 相等地→_______________y n. 平等; 相等
8. demand n. 要求; 需求 vt. &vi. 强烈要求; 需求; 查问→_______________ adj. (工作)要求高的; (人)苛求的
9. relate vt. 联系; 讲述→_______________ n. 关系; 联系→_______________ adj. 相关的; 有联系的
10．globe n．球体；地球仪；地球→ _____________ adj.全球的；全世界的→ _____________ adv.全球地
11. symbol n. 符号；象征→ _____________ adj. 象征性的；作为象征的→_____________ v. 是……的象征
12．major adj.主要的；重要的；大的n.主修课程；主修学生vi.主修；专门研究→ _____________n．大多数；大半→_____________ n．少数
1. base vt. 以……为据点; n. 底部→basis n. 基础 →basic adj. 基本的→basically adv. 主要地, 基本上
2. refer vi. 提到; 参考; 查阅 vt. 查询; 使……求助于→reference n. 指称关系; 参考
3. classic adj. 经典的; 古典的; 传统的; 最优秀的 n. 经典著作→classical adj. 古典的; 经典的; 传统的
4. variety n. (植物、语言等的)变体; 异体; 多样化→vary vt&vi. (使)多样化→various adj. 各种各样的
5. description n. 描写(文字); 形容→describe vt. 描述
6. appreciate vt. 欣赏; 重视; 感激; 领会 vi. 增值→appreciation n. 欣赏; 感激
7. equal n. 同等的人; 相等物adj. 相同的; 同样的→equally adv. 同样地; 相等地→equality n. 平等; 相等
8. demand n. 要求; 需求 vt. &vi. 强烈要求; 需求; 查问→demanding adj. (工作)要求高的; (人)苛求的
9. relate vt. 联系; 讲述→relation n. 关系; 联系→related adj. 相关的; 有联系的
10．globe n．球体；地球仪；地球→ global adj.全球的；全世界的→ globally adv.全球地
11. symbol n. 符号；象征→ symbolic adj. 象征性的；作为象征的→ symbolise v. 是……的象征
12．major adj.主要的；重要的；大的n.主修课程；主修学生vi.主修；专门研究→ majority n．大多数；大半→ minority n．少数
04-单元阅读词汇识记
system n． ______________________
factor n. ______________________
carve vt.&vi. ______________________
dynasty n. ______________________
Dialect n. ______________________
calligraphy n. ______________________
specific adj. ______________________
semester n. ______________________
gap n. ______________________
1．system n． 体系；制度；系统
2．factor n. 因素；要素
3．carve vt.&vi. 雕刻
4．dynasty n. 王朝；朝代
5．Dialect n. 地方话；方言
6．calligraphy n. 书法；书法艺术
7．specific adj. 特定的；明确的；具体的
8．semester n. 学期
9．gap n. 间隔；开口；差距
05-单元重点词块闪记
______________________ 因……而著名
______________________ 起初
______________________ 依赖；依靠
______________________ 许多
______________________指的是；描述；提到；查阅
______________________ 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱
______________________ 追溯到
______________________ 观点；看法
______________________ 与……相关；涉及；谈到
______________________ 过去常常
______________________ 与……比较
______________________ 承担；接受；呈现；雇用
1．be_known_for 因……而著名
2．at/in_the_beginning 起初
3．depend_on 依赖；依靠
4．a_number_of 许多
5．refer_to 指的是；描述；提到；查阅
6．ups_and_downs 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱
7．date_back_(to_...) 追溯到
8．point_of_view 观点；看法
9．relate_to 与……相关；涉及；谈到
10．used_to 过去常常
11．compare_..._with_... 与……比较
12．take_on 承担；接受；呈现；雇用
Part 2 单元核心词汇精讲精练
考点1 .based adj.以(某事)为基础的;以……为重要部分(或特征)的
[教材原句] At the beginning,written Chinese was a picture-based language.(P62) 最初,书面汉语是一种以图画为基础的语言。
【拓展】
(1)base vt.以……为据点;以……为基础 n.底部;根据
base...on/upon...把……建立在……基础之上
be based on/upon以……为基础;依据……
at the base of在……底部
basic adj.基本的;基础的
basis n.基础;基本原则
on the basis of在……基础上;基于……
on a regular basis 定期
[近义] bottom, foundation
【经典练】
单句语法填空
(1)Please do remember that success is based ______ hard work.
(2)The study ______(base) on data from 2,100 college students.
(3)Contact with other people is a ______ (base) human need.
(4) ______ (base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason,you will regret it sooner or later.
(5)You’ll be able to choose a room ______ (base) on your own personal tastes.
(6)Contact with other people is a _______(base) human need.
(7)It is recommended that we should conduct physical examination on a regular ________(base).
(8)The study __________(base) on data from 2,100 college students.
[写美句]——句式升级
(9)The film was based on a true story and it was deeply touching.
→____________________，the film was deeply touching. (分词短语作状语)
→The film ___________________ was deeply touching.(分词短语作定语)
【写作佳句】
Based on my own experience, learning English online is really a great way for English learners. [2020·5月天津卷，书面表达]
根据我自己的经验，网上学习英语对英语学习者来说是一个很好的方式。
答案: （1）on （2）was based （3）basic （4）Basing（5） based (6)basic (7)basis (8)was based (9)Based on a true story ，based on a true story
考点2.variety n.(植物、语言等的)变体;异体;多样化
[教材原句] Over the years,the system developed into different forms,as it was a time when people were divided geographically,leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.(P62) 多年以来,这种书写体发展成不同的形式,因为在那段时间,由于人们在地理上的分裂,方言和文字的多样性也随之产生。
【拓展】
(1)a variety of＝varieties of 种类繁多的
(2)various adj．不同的；各种各样的
(3)vary vt.&.vi．改变；变化
vary from... to... 从……到……不等；在……到……之间变动
vary in... 在……方面丰富多样
vary with... 随着……的变化而变化
[名师点津]
a variety of (varieties of)既可修饰复数可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词。该短语修饰复数可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数;修饰不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
【经典练】
单句语法填空
①One of the advantages is that we can find _________ (variety) topics，such as science，culture and history.
②The research team is made up of the pupils, whose ages ______ (various) from 10 to 15.
③There are ___________(variety) of reasons in favour of my opinion that a Chinese dictionary shouldn’t include English words.
④One of the advantages is that we can find various(variety) topics,such as science,culture and history.
⑤The research team is made up of the pupils,whose ages vary (various) from 10 to 15.
⑥There are varieties (variety) of reasons in favour of my opinion that a Chinese dictionary shouldn’t include English words.
句式升级
⑦Our school has built a new stadium and it has all kinds of well-equipped facilities．
→Our school has built a new stadium, _____________________ well-equipped facilities.(定语从句)
答案:①various ②vary ③varieties ④various ⑤vary ⑥varieties ⑦which has varieties of
考点3.equal n. 同等的人;相等物 vt. 相同的;同样的
[教材原句] ...our relationship is close and we’re equals,so I only need a few words to bridge the gap between us.(P66)……我们的关系很亲密,并且我们是平等的,因此我只需说几个字,就能消除我们之间的距离。
【拓展】
(1)the equal of与……相等/匹敌
be without equal=have no equal无与伦比
(2)equal sb/sth in(doing) sth在(做)某事上比得过、敌得过某人/物
(3)be equal to sth/doing sth等于/胜任(做)某事
be equal in sth在某方面平等/相同
(4)unequal adj.不相等的;不平等的
equality n.平等;相等
equally adv.相等地;同等地;公平地
[联想] 表示“胜任……”的其他表达：
①be up to；②be fit for；③be qualified for
近义词：rival（竞争对手，可与之匹敌者）, opponent (对手，竞争者）， match（可与之匹敌者）
【经典练】
单句语法填空
(1)China has always insisted that all countries,big or small,should be _______ (equality).
(2)Men and women must be treated _______ (equal) in education and employment.
(3)Any man will be equal_______ the task;so long as he is careful,you should give him a try.
(4)We need to be active in all kinds of sports，and pay attention to mental health which is equal ___________ physical health.
(5)[2021·天津卷3月]Fascinated by the structural beauty of the Forbidden City as a painter, she is________(equal) interested to learn more about Chinese philosophy.
(6)No one equals him ____ courage, about which every one knows.
[写美]——应用文之申请信
(7）[全国Ⅰ卷，书面表达]我确信我能胜任做这次中国绘画展的志愿者。
I am convinced that I ____________being a volunteer for the Chinese painting exhibition.
(8)我们要积极参加各种体育运动,注重心理健康,它与身体健康同等重要。
We need to be active in all kinds of sports,and pay attention to mental health ________________.
答案:(1)equal (2)equally(3) to (4）to（5）equally（6）in (7） am equal to (8)which is equal to physical health.
考点4.appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会
[教材原句]As China plays a greater role in global affairs，an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China’s culture and history through this amazing language.(P62)
随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。
【拓展】
(1)appreciate＋n./pron./v.-ing 重视/感激……
I would appreciate it if... 假如……，我将不胜感激
appreciate＋that/wh-从句 理解/意识到……
express/convey one's appreciation to sb. 向某人表达感激之情
注意：appreciate后不能用不定式，而要用动词－ing形式作宾语。当appreciate，hate，dislike，love，like，depend/rely on等词(组)后接宾语从句时，一般先加it，再接宾语从句。
【经典练】
【语境巧练】
写出下列句中appreciate的含义
①The happiest are not those who own all the best things ,but those who can appreciate the beauty of life．______
②I appreciate the difficulty you are faced with but I don’t think I can help you．______
③I would much appreciate it if you would arrange this for me．______
单句语法填空
①I’d appreciate ____ if could give me a bit of good advice.
②Chinese calligraphy has won the ______________(appreciate) of a lot of people outside China.
③I appreciate ____________(give) the opportunity to work in your company two years ago.
[写美句]——应用文之感谢信
我写信是为了表达一下我对你的感激之情，感谢你在我心情低沉的时候给我鼓励和安慰。
④_______________________________ for encouraging and comforting me when I was in depression.
[佳句] ⑤I'd appreciate your replying to my letter at your earliest convenience.
＝_____________________you could reply to my letter at your earliest convenience. [2020·全国
Ⅲ卷，书面表达]
如果方便时你能尽快回复我的信件，我将感激不尽。
【语境巧练】①欣赏 ②理解 ③感激 【即时练】①it ②appreciation ③ being given ④I'm writing to express my appreciation ⑤I'd appreciate it if
考点5.demand n. 要求;需求 vt.强烈要求;需要 vi.查问
[教材原句] But if I’m talking to someone who isn’t very close to me,I must make my request longer—and I must make it a question,not a demand.(P66) 但是,如果我和一个不是很亲近的人交谈,我必须把我的请求说的时间长一些——我必须确保这是请求,而不是一个要求。
【拓展】
(1)demand to do sth. 要求做某事
demand of sb to do sth. 要求某人做某事
demand sth. of/from sb. 向某人要某物
demand that.../it is demanded that...(should)+动词原形 要求……
(2)be in (great) demand (迫切)需求
meet/satisfy/serve one’s demands (for sth) 满足某人(对……)的需求
(3)demanding adj.要求高的;费力的
[名师点津]
(1)demand的主语是物时,常用demand doing或demand to be done结构。
(2)“要求某人做……”不可用demand sb to do...,但可用demand of sb to do...。
(3)demand后通常不接双宾语。
【经典练】
单句语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Like running, race walking is physically __________ (demand), she says.
②First, science graduates are ____ greater demand than arts ones in China.
③Yesterday evening，the couple came to my house and demanded help ________ me.
[写美句]——应用文之新闻报道
④ [2020·全国卷Ⅰ，书面表达]因为摘苹果需要爬树，所以农民们要求我们谨慎小心。
Because picking apples involved climbing trees, the farmers demanded that we___________________________．
【写作佳句】
Because it was a demanding task，the manager demanded that we (should) work extra hours to meet customers' demands.
因为这是一项要求比较高的任务，所以经理要求我们加班来满足顾客们的需求。
答案: ①demanding ②in ③of/from ④ should be cautious and careful
考点6.regard n. 尊重;关注 vt. 把……视为;看待
[教材原句] The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form,known as Chinese calligraphy,which has become an important part of Chinese culture.(P62) 对汉字书写体系的高度重视在汉字作为一种艺术形式的发展过程中可以看出来,这种被称为中国书法的艺术形式已经成为中国文化的重要组成部分。
【拓展】
(1)the (high)regard for...对……(高度)尊重
in this/that regard在这/那点上
in/with regard to...关于某人(某事),在这点上
give one’s regards (to sb)代某人(向某人)问好
as regards关于;至于(后接名词或从句作宾语)
(2)regard with以(某种心态)来看(某人或某事)
regard...as...把……看作……
(3)regardless of 不管；不顾
(4)regarding prep.关于,至于,就……而论
【经典练】
单句语法填空
(1)Please give my best ________(regard) to other friends who come to the dinner.
(2)With regard ________ my favourite Chinese poet,I’d like to introduce Du Fu to you.
(3)The Spring Festival ________(regard) as the most important festival for Chinese people.
(4)The Internet makes surveying and voting easy and convenient,regardless ______ time and space.
[小话题写作]
(5)如今,骑自行车与慢跑和游泳一样,被看作是最好的全能运动形式之一。
Nowadays,cycling,along with jogging and swimming, _________ one of the best all-round forms of exercise.
答案: ①regards ② to(3)is regarded(4) of (5) is regarded as
考点7.refer to指的是；提及；查阅；参考
[教材原句] Pronouns (it,they,she,etc.) refer to something or somebody mentioned earlier.(P60) 代词(it,they,she等)指的是前面提到的某物或某人。
【拓展】
(1)refer...to... 把……提交给……；让(人)参考……
refer to...as... 把……称作……
(2)reference n. 提及，涉及；参考；参考书目
reference books/material 参考书/参考资料
in/with reference to 关于
[指津] refer的过去式、过去分词、现在分词分别为referred, referred, referring。
【经典练】
【语境巧练】
[写出下列句中refer to的含义]
(1)Although she didn’t mention any names,everyone knew who she was referring to.指的是
(2)You can refer to online articles to complete your education.参考
(3)Please refer to the dictionary if you don’t know the word.查阅
(4)We agreed never to refer to the matter again.提到
[单句语法填空]
(5)People who work in offices are usually referred to as “white collar workers”.
(6)You’d better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future reference (refer).
(7)As the situation was unusual,he referred the matter to the editor.
(8)[写美句]（2020全国Ⅰ作文话题）几十年来，人们一直常常用“雷锋”来指称有奉献精神的人。
For decades,“Lei Feng”has been the typical way of ___________________________.
【写作佳句】
The textbooks and dictionaries can be used as reference books while the magazines serve as reading materials.
课本和词典可以用作参考书籍,然而杂志只能当作阅读材料。
答案:(1)指的是 (2)参考 (3)查阅 (4)提到 (5) as (6)reference (7) to(8)referring to those who have the spirit of devotion
考点8.date back (to)追溯到……;始于……
[教材原句] It dates back several thousand years to the use of Longgu—animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.(P62) 它可以追溯到几千年前龙骨的使用时期——古代中国人民将符号刻到动物的骨头和壳上。
【拓展】
(1) date from 追溯到；始于；起源于
(2) out of date 过时的
up to date (with...) 赶上(……的)潮流
(3)set a date for... 确定……的日期
make a date with sb. 与某人约会/预约
[指津] (1)date back to和date from一般无进行时态和被动语态。
(2)date back to和date from作后置定语时， 常用现在分词形式。
【经典练】
单句语法填空
①The Dragon Boat Festival, which ________ (date) back to the Warring States Periods, is one of the four most important festivals in China.
②Everyone should keep on getting himself educated so as to be up _____ date with modern technology.
[写美句]——句式升级
③Nan Hua temple is located 22 kilometers away from Shaoguan, right at river bank of Caojiang and it dates back to 1500 years ago.
____________________________,Nan Hua temple is located 22 kilometres away from Shaoguan , right at the river bank of Canjiang.(分词做作状语）
【写作佳句】
中国饮茶文化源远流长,可以追溯到1 000多年前。
Chinese tea-drinking culture has a long history dating back to more than 1,000 years ago.
答案: ①dates ② to ③Dating back to 1500 years ago
Part 3 单元重点句型精讲精练
考点1.句型公式：the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语), the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)……越……，(……)越……
(教材原句)It was exercise for the brain; the more I learnt of a language, the more my brain would grow.这是对大脑的锻炼；我对一门语言的了解越多，我的大脑就会越发达。
【拓展】
(1)the＋比较级，the＋比较级 越……，就越……
(2)the more...，the less... 越……，越不……
the more...，the better... ……越多，……就越好
(3)形容词/副词比较级＋and＋形容词/副词比较级 越来越……
【经典练】
[单句语法填空]
(1)The more you know about our traditional culture,the more (much) you are interested in it.
(2)The more careful you are,the fewer (few) mistakes you will make.
(3)The harder (hard) you work,the greater progress you will make.
(4）The more difficult the question is ，the _________(likely) he is able to answer it.
(5)The higher you climb，the ________(far) you will see.
[小话题写作]
(6)我个人认为,教育就是学习,你学得越多,你为生活准备得就越多。
As far as I am concerned,education is about learning and the more you learn,the more you equip for your life.
[写美句]——应用文佳句
（7）[北京卷，书面表达]你对我们的传统文化的了解越多，你就对它越
感兴趣。
The more you know about our traditional culture，_______________________ it.
【写作佳句】
It was our teacher who reminded us that the more confident we were，the more likely we were to succeed.是我们的老师提醒我们：我们越自信，就越有可能成功。
答案: (1)more (2)fewer (3)harder （4）less likely （5）farther （6） the more you equip for your life. （7）the more you are interested in
考点2. 句型：no matter where... “无论在哪里……”引导让步状语从句
Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing.(教材P62)
即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。
【拓展】
(1)no matter where,who,what,etc.意为“不论……;不管……”。
(2)“no matter+疑问词”结构与“疑问词+-ever” 在用法上的异同:
①“no matter+疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句,不能引导名词性从句,可放在主句前或主句后。
②whatever,whoever,whichever,whomever既可引导名词性从句,也可引导让步状语从句,在引导让步状语从句时,相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。
③whenever,wherever,however引导让步状语从句时,相当于no matter when/where/how,意为“无论何时/何地/如何”。
【经典练】
[完成句子]
(1)通过建立家庭博客,无论在哪里,我们都能便利地分享我们的经历。
By setting up a family blog,we can conveniently share our experiences _____________________.
(2)无论何时我犯了错误,您总是耐心地指出来,并帮助我改正它。
__________________ I made a mistake,you were always patient to point it out and helped me correct it.
(3)贝蒂的主要优势是无论情况多么紧急她都能保持冷静。
Betty’s main strength is her ability to keep calm no matter____________________.
(4)我们许诺,任何参加这个聚会的人都有跟那个电影明星合影的机会。
We promise ____________________ has a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.
[句式升级]
(5)A determined person always tries to finish the job,no matter how hard it is.
→A determined person always tries to finish the job,____________________.
【写作佳句】
Every year,whoever makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
每年,制作最漂亮风筝的人都会在风筝节中获奖。
答案:(1) no matter where we are (2)No matter when (3)how urgent the situation is (4)whoever attends the party (5)however hard it is
Part 4单元核心词汇+句型跟踪检测
单词拼写
1.The teacher recommended that we take the ______ (地铁) from school to the campsite.
【答案】subway/underground
【解析】考查名词。句意：老师建议我们从学校乘地铁到营地。分析句子可知，本空要用名词作宾语。take the subway/underground“乘坐地铁”，固定短语，故填subway/underground。
2.Don't believe what he said. His story is ______ (以……为基础) on nothing.
【答案】based
【解析】考查动词。句意：不要相信他所说的话。他的故事毫无根据。base动词，以……作基础；be based on...以……为基础，固定短语。故填based。
3.There are a lot of clubs for students to join, such as ______ (书法) club, painting club and poem club.
【答案】calligraphy
【解析】考查名词。句意：有很多俱乐部供学生参加，如书法俱乐部，绘画俱乐部和诗歌俱乐部。calligraphy书法，不可数名词，在此作定语，故填calligraphy。
4.I love to learn new subjects, and when I have any opportunities, I always learn them with an active ______ (态度) and full interests.
【答案】attitude
【解析】考查名词。句意：我喜欢学习新的学科，当我有任何机会，我总是以积极的态度和充分的兴趣学习它们。不定冠词后面用名词单数；attitude态度，故填attitude。
5.The talented artist has ______ (雕刻) an interesting decoration from this piece of tree root.
【答案】carved
【解析】考查谓语动词现在完成时。句意：这位有才华的艺术家把这块树根雕成了一件有趣的装饰品。根据汉语提示，carve动词，雕刻；根据设空前有助动词has可知，句子时态是现在完成时，即have/has+动词的-ed形式。故填carved。
6.If you come to visit China, you will experience a culture of amazing depth and ________ (多样化).
【答案】variety
【解析】考查名词。句意：如果你来中国旅游，你会体验到一种令人惊叹的深度和多样性的文化。分析句子可知，空处与名词depth并列，且意为“多样化”，因此，不可数名词variety符合语境。故填variety。
7.According to the ______ (官方的) figures, more than 200,000 people have died of covid-19 in the USA.
【答案】official
【解析】考查形容词。句意：根据官方数据，在美国有超过20万人死于新冠肺炎。此处用形容词作定语；official形容词，意思是“官方的”，故填official。
8.Some rubbish such as steel, plastic, waste paper can all be ______ (回收利用).
【答案】recycled
【解析】考查谓语动词的被动语态。句意：一些垃圾，如钢铁、塑料、废纸都可以回收利用。此处是被动语态，be后面加动词的-ed形式；recycle动词，意思是“回收利用”和rubbish是动宾关系，故填recycled。
9.Truly elegant chopsticks might be made of gold and silver with Chinese ______ (文字).
【答案】characters
【解析】考查名词及其复数。句意：真正精致的筷子可能是用刻有汉字的金银制成的。文字character，可数名词，根据chopsticks，可知不止一个汉字，故填characters。
10.China's image is improving steadily, with more countries recognizing its role in international ______ (事务).
【答案】affairs
【解析】考查名词及其复数。句意：随着越来越多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用，中国的形象正在稳步提升。根据汉语及首字母提示可知，affair事务，可数名词；根据语境可知，国际事务不止一件，这里应该用复数。故填affairs。
11.I am interested in the classical l______ of France.
【答案】literature
【解析】考查名词。句意：我对法国经典文学感兴趣。由句子结构可知，classical“经典的”形容词，其后需接名词；结合句意和首字母提示可知，literature文学，不可数名词，符合题意。故填 literature。
12.He is such a famous professor that you can't help but ______ (尊重) him.
【答案】respect
【解析】考查动词。句意：他是一个著名的教授，你不由得尊敬他。can't help but do sth.“忍不住做某事，只好做某事”，是固定短语，故填respect。
13.Women in our country enjoy___________(平等的) rights with men.
【答案】equal
【解析】考查形容词。句意：我国妇女与男子一起享有平等的权利。平等的，形容词equal修饰名词rights，符合题意。故填equal。
14.In production, we ___________(要求) not only quantity but also quality.
【答案】demand
【解析】考查动词。句意：在生产中，我们要求不仅是数量，而且是质量。根据句意可知，本句话是一般现在时，主语是we,谓语动词用原形。故填demand。
15.Reading will increase your___________ (词汇量).
【答案】vocabulary
【解析】考查名词。句意：阅读会增加你的词汇量。短语增加某人的词汇量,翻译成increase one’s vocabulary，故填vocabulary。
16.Several people ___________(描述) seeing strange lights in the sky.
【答案】described
【解析】考查动词及其过去式。句意：有几个人描述在天空中看到了奇怪的光。根据句意可知，本句话是一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填described。
17.The report seeks to ____________ (与……有关系) the rise in crime to an increase in unemployment.
【答案】relate
【解析】考查动词。句意：该报告旨在研究犯罪率的上升和失业率的上升。根据句意可知，把......和......联系起来；与......有关，用动词relate, 故填relate。
18.He encourages me to __________（主修）in English in college, to be a bridge between China and the world.
【答案】major
【解析】考查动词。句意：他鼓励我在大学里主修英语，成为中国和世界之间的桥梁。短语“主修”，翻译成英语是major in, 故填major。
19.The novel _______________（被认为）as one of the excellent works.
【答案】is regarded
【解析】考查谓语动词被动语态。句意：这部小说被认为是最优秀的作品之一。固定短语be regarded as,意为“被认为是......”，故填is regarded。
20.I'd _______________（感激）it very much if you could tell me in advance whether or not you will come.
【答案】appreciate
【解析】考查动词。句意：如果你能提前告诉我你是否会来，我将不胜感激。句型结构I’d
appreciate it if意为“......我将不胜感激”。故填appreciate。
单句语法填空
1.Since you are interested in Chinese_____________ (class) novels, I think this book is well worth reading.
【答案】classic
【解析】本题考查名词转化形容词。句意：既然你对中文经典类小说很感兴趣，我认为这本书很值得一读。根据句意，此处表示“受伤的”，故用形容词injured作定语。故填classic。
2.It is a _____________(demand) role and she needs to work hard at it.
【答案】demanding
【解析】本题考查动词转化形容词。句意：这是一个要求很高的的角色，她需要努力工作。根据句意，此处表示“要求高的”，故用形容词demanding作定语。故填demanding。
3.We have to write a _____________(describe) of the street where we live and give it to the teacher tomorrow.
【答案】description
【解析】本题考查动词转化名词。句意：我们必须写一篇描述我们所居住的街道，明天就把它给老师。根据句意，此处短语a description of...表示“描述......”，故用名词description。故填description。
4.There stands an old temple in the village, __________(date) back to the Qing Dynasty.
【答案】dating
【解析】本题考查现在分词作定语。句意：村里有一座古老的寺庙,它可以追溯到清朝的时候。根据句子成分分析，stand是整句话得谓语，date需要用非谓语动词，并且作定语修饰an old temple, 中心词temple和date back to是主谓关系，故用现在分词。故填dating。
5.He believes that everyone should fight for freedom and____________(equal).
【答案】equality
【解析】本题考查形容词转化名词。句意：他认为每个人都应该为自由和平等而战。短语fight for freedom and equality意为“为自由和平等而战”，应该用equal的名词形式。故填equality。
6.I would like to express my ______ (appreciate) and thanks to those who have helped me in my life.
【答案】appreciation
【解析】本题考查动词转化名词。句意：我要向那些在我生命中帮助过我的人表示我的感激和感谢。根据空前的my可知，此处应用名词形式，appreciation感激，感谢，不可数名词。故填appreciation。
7.Learning from others or from the books is ______ (equal) important.
【答案】equally
【解析】本题考查形容词转化副词。句意：向别人学习或向书本学习同样重要。分析句子可知，修饰形容词important要用副词，故填equally。
8.She read a poem by Carver ________ (describe) their life together.
【答案】describing
【解析】本题考查现在分词作定语。句意：她读了卡弗写的一首诗，诗中描述了他们在一起的生活。分析句子结构可知，动词describe应用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语a poem之间是主谓关系，要用现在分词作后置定语，故填describing。
9.Here you will have the chance to see Aborigine ceremonies with singing and dancing, ____________ (base) on ancient beliefs.
【答案】based
【解析】本题考查动词过去分词短语作后置定语。句意：在这里你将有机会看到原住民的仪式，伴随着歌唱和舞蹈，基于古老的信仰。singing and dancing和动词base之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词表被动意义，作后置定语，base on基于，动词短语，base过去分词为based，故填based。
10.For them, playing well and winning are often life-and-death ______ (affair).
【答案】affairs
【解析】本题考查名词复数。句意：对他们来说，打得好和赢球往往是生死攸关的大事。分析句子及空前的形容词life-and-death可知，设空处应为名词作表语；名词affair“事件”，是可数名词，本空用名词复数表泛指。故填affairs。
11.The building looked as ______ (impress) in actuality as it did in photographs.
【答案】impressive
【解析】本题考查动词转化形容词。句意：这座建筑在现实中看起来和照片上一样令人印象深刻。looked为系动词，后面需加形容词作表语，as+adj.+as为固定结构，空处需填形容词原级。故填impressive。
12.There are a ______________(various) of programs in TV station to meet the need of people of all ages.
【答案】variety
【解析】本题考查形容词转化名词。句意：在电视台里有各种各样的节目来满足所有年龄段的人的需要。短语“各种各样的”，翻译成a variety of, 故填variety。
13.These data have been collected from_____________(variety) sources.
【答案】various
【解析】本题考查名词转化形容词。句意：这些数据是从各种来源收集起来的。根据句意，此处表示“各种各样的”，故用形容词various作定语。故填various。
14.At the beginning of the 21st century,there were about 800,000 dams_____________(global).
【答案】globally
【解析】本题考查形容词转化副词。句意：在21世纪初，全世界大约有80万座大坝。根据句意，此处表示“全世界范围内”，用副词作状语。故填globally。
15.With the exception of another world war,_____________(globe) warming might be the largest danger to our planet.
【答案】global
【解析】本题考查名词转化形容词。句意：除了另一场世界大战之外，全球变暖可能是我们地球面临的最大危险。根据句意，此处表示“全球的”，短语“全球变暖”翻译成英语为global warming,故用形容词global作定语。故填global。
完成句子
1．中国功夫，一种传统的运动，拥有悠久的历史，被认为是我们国家的瑰宝。
Chinese kung fu，a traditional sport，has a long history and __________ our national treasure.
【答案】is regarded as
【详解】考查时态和短语。根据中英文提示，“被认为是”译为be regarded as，描述事实用一般现在时，主语Chinese kung fu是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，故填is regarded as。
2．经历了这么多浮沉之后，他变得更加坚定了。
He has become more determined after going through so many .
【答案】ups and downs
【详解】考查固定短语。根据中英文提示，空处为“浮沉”，用固定短语ups and downs，故填ups and downs。
3．如果你尽早回信我将感激不尽。
I’d me back as soon as possible.
【答案】appreciate your writing (＝appreciate it if you could write)
【详解】考查动名词和固定句型。I’d为I would，would后接动词原形形式，appreciate one’s doing...(感激某人做……)， write (写信)用动名词形式作宾语，固定句型I would appreciate it if sb. could...(如果某人能……，我将不胜感激)，could后接动词原形形式，故填appreciate your writing/appreciate it if you could write。
4．众所周知，水果对我们的健康非常有帮助。
It is known that fruits .
【答案】are of great help to our health
【详解】考查时态。结合It is known that，讲述一般性事实，从句时态用一般现在时，可用“be of+n.”结构（相当于形容词），be of help to (对……有帮助)，形容词great (大的)作定语修饰名词help，从句主语fruits复数，从句谓语复数形式，our health (我们的健康)。故填are of great help to our health。
5．无论你面临什么问题，都应该对工作持积极的态度。
, you should have a positive attitude towards/to your work.
【答案】No matter what problems you are faced with
【详解】考查让步状语从句和时态。结合汉语提示，可用no matter what (无论什么)引导让步状语从句，讲述现在的一种情况，时态用一般现在时，what作定语修饰名词复数problems (问题)，be faced with (面临)，首字母大写。故填No matter what problems you are faced with。
6．由于种种原因，周日我不能和你一起去书店。
, I can’t go to the bookstore on Sunday with you.
【答案】For various/a variety of/varieties of reasons
【详解】考查介词、形容词和固定短语。介词for表原因，形容词various（各种各样的）作定语修饰复数名词reasons（原因），various可以替换为a variety of/varieties of （各种各样
的），首字母大写。故填For various/a variety of/varieties of reasons。
7．其次，我要求你每三天写一篇作文。
Secondly, one composition every three days.
【答案】I demand that you (should) write
【详解】考查时态和虚拟语气。表示“要求”可用动词demand，“要求某人做某事”可用固定句型demand (that) sb. (should) do sth.，that引导的宾语从句为虚拟语气，“写”用write表达；demand作主句的谓语动词，此处表示说话时的情况，用一般现在时即可。故填I demand that you (should) write。
8．你掌握的英语句子越多，你越能创作更好的文章。
English sentences you master, articles you will create.
【答案】 The more the better
【详解】考查固定句型。句中表示“越……就越……”用the+比较级，the+比较级。表示“越多”用the more；表示“越好”用the better。第一空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故答案为The more；the better。
9. 得知你在书面英语上有困难，我乐意给你一些建议。
, I am willing to give you some suggestions.
【答案】Learning that you have trouble with written English
【详解】考查非谓语和宾语从句。根据所给中文提示词和英文翻译，需翻译部分是“得知你在书面英语上有困难”，“得知”可用“learn”，根据后文，本文已有谓语动词，所以此处用非谓语形式，和主语I之间是主动关系，此处用现在分词作状语，“你在书面英语上有困难”作“learn”的宾语，句意完整，用that引导宾语从句，可译为“you have trouble with written English”。故填Learning that you have trouble with written English。
那是一段我沉迷于电脑游戏的时期。
It was a time .
【答案】when I was addicted to computer games
【详解】考查短语和定语从句。be addicted to沉溺于。computer game电脑游戏。句中先行词为time，在定语从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。根据句意，故填when I was addicted to computer games。必修1 Unit 5 Languages Around the World
Part 1 单元词汇过关
01-单元主题写作词汇积累-- 语言习得
词汇
1.fluent adj. 流利的；流畅的
2. recite v. 背诵
3.ability n. 能力,才能
4.enrich v. 使富足
5.enlarge v. 扩大，使增大
6.improve v. 改善，增进，提高 7.vocabulary n. 词汇
8.remember v. 记得，记起
9.intelligence n. 智力，智能
10.mistake n. 错误
11.interpret v. 解释，翻译
12.retell v. 复述
13.grammar n. 语法 14.memorize v. 记住，背熟，记忆
15.progress n. 进步 16.master v. 控制，精通
17.effective adj. 有效地
18.conquer v. 征服
19.expand v.使膨胀，使扩张
20.gain v. 获得
词块
21. attend English debates and speech contest 参加英语辩论赛和英语演讲比赛
22. English newspaper and magazines 英语报纸和杂志
23. spare no pains 不辞劳苦
24.make conversations with sb 和某人交谈
25. lack the confidence to do sth 缺乏信心做某事
26 try/ attempt to do sth 努力做某事/试图做某事
27.watch English movies and TV programs 看英文电影和电视节目
28 Practice makes perfect 熟能生巧
29. talk with sb about sth 和某人谈论某事
30. look up a word in a dictionary 在词典中
31. review regularly 定期复习
32. pay attention to 注意
33.enhance your confidence 增强自信心
34 lay emphasis on 强调，把重点放到
35. insist on doing 坚持做某事
36.take an interest in ...对.....感兴趣
37. attach great importance to 十分重视
38. take part in the English corner 参加英语角
02-单元重点词汇背记
__________________ n. 机会；时机
_________________ prep. (朝)向
_________________ adj. 普通的；平凡的
_________________vt. 使能够；使可能
_________________vt. 证明；展现
_________________vt. 授予 n. 奖品
_________________ n. 时期；阶段；舞台
_________________ adv. (用以强调)全部；总共
_________________adv. 如此；因此
_________________ adv. 现在；目前
_________________ adj. 有能力的；有才能的
_________________vt. 治愈；治好(疾病)；解决(问题) n. 药物；治疗；措施13．_________________ adj. 先前的；以往的
_________________ n. 巨大影响；强大作用；冲击力
_________________ n. 天才；天资；天赋
_________________ n. 添加；加法；增加物
_________________ n. (疾)病
_________________ vi.& n. 疼痛
_________________ adv. 而且；此外
_________________ adv. 以某种方式(或方法)；不知怎么地
03-单元核心词形拓展
1. base vt. 以……为据点; n. 底部→_______________ n. 基础 →_______________ adj. 基本的→_______________y adv. 主要地, 基本上
2. refer vi. 提到; 参考; 查阅 vt. 查询; 使……求助于→_______________ n. 指称关系; 参考
3. classic adj. 经典的; 古典的; 传统的; 最优秀的 n. 经典著作→_______________ adj. 古典的; 经典的; 传统的
4. variety n. (植物、语言等的)变体; 异体; 多样化→_______________ vt&vi. (使)多样化→_______________ adj. 各种各样的
5. description n. 描写(文字); 形容→_______________ vt. 描述
6. appreciate vt. 欣赏; 重视; 感激; 领会 vi. 增值→_______________ n. 欣赏; 感激
7. equal n. 同等的人; 相等物adj. 相同的; 同样的→_______________ adv. 同样地; 相等地→_______________y n. 平等; 相等
8. demand n. 要求; 需求 vt. &vi. 强烈要求; 需求; 查问→_______________ adj. (工作)要求高的; (人)苛求的
9. relate vt. 联系; 讲述→_______________ n. 关系; 联系→_______________ adj. 相关的; 有联系的
10．globe n．球体；地球仪；地球→ _____________ adj.全球的；全世界的→ _____________ adv.全球地
11. symbol n. 符号；象征→ _____________ adj. 象征性的；作为象征的→_____________ v. 是……的象征
12．major adj.主要的；重要的；大的n.主修课程；主修学生vi.主修；专门研究→ _____________n．大多数；大半→_____________ n．少数
04-单元阅读词汇识记
system n． ______________________
factor n. ______________________
carve vt.&vi. ______________________
dynasty n. ______________________
Dialect n. ______________________
calligraphy n. ______________________
specific adj. ______________________
semester n. ______________________
gap n. ______________________
05-单元重点词块闪记
______________________ 因……而著名
______________________ 起初
______________________ 依赖；依靠
______________________ 许多
______________________指的是；描述；提到；查阅
______________________ 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱
______________________ 追溯到
______________________ 观点；看法
______________________ 与……相关；涉及；谈到
______________________ 过去常常
______________________ 与……比较
______________________ 承担；接受；呈现；雇用
Part 2 单元核心词汇精讲精练
考点1 .based adj.以(某事)为基础的;以……为重要部分(或特征)的
[教材原句] At the beginning,written Chinese was a picture-based language.(P62) 最初,书面汉语是一种以图画为基础的语言。
【拓展】
(1)base vt.以……为据点;以……为基础 n.底部;根据
base...on/upon...把……建立在……基础之上
be based on/upon以……为基础;依据……
at the base of在……底部
basic adj.基本的;基础的
basis n.基础;基本原则
on the basis of在……基础上;基于……
on a regular basis 定期
[近义] bottom, foundation
【经典练】
单句语法填空
(1)Please do remember that success is based ______ hard work.
(2)The study ______(base) on data from 2,100 college students.
(3)Contact with other people is a ______ (base) human need.
(4) ______ (base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason,you will regret it sooner or later.
(5)You’ll be able to choose a room ______ (base) on your own personal tastes.
(6)Contact with other people is a _______(base) human need.
(7)It is recommended that we should conduct physical examination on a regular ________(base).
(8)The study __________(base) on data from 2,100 college students.
[写美句]——句式升级
(9)The film was based on a true story and it was deeply touching.
→____________________，the film was deeply touching. (分词短语作状语)
→The film ___________________ was deeply touching.(分词短语作定语)
【写作佳句】
___________________, learning English online is really a great way for English learners. [2020·5月天津卷，书面表达]
根据我自己的经验，网上学习英语对英语学习者来说是一个很好的方式。
考点2.variety n.(植物、语言等的)变体;异体;多样化
[教材原句] Over the years,the system developed into different forms,as it was a time when people were divided geographically,leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.(P62) 多年以来,这种书写体发展成不同的形式,因为在那段时间,由于人们在地理上的分裂,方言和文字的多样性也随之产生。
【拓展】
(1)a variety of＝varieties of 种类繁多的
(2)various adj．不同的；各种各样的
(3)vary vt.&.vi．改变；变化
vary from... to... 从……到……不等；在……到……之间变动
vary in... 在……方面丰富多样
vary with... 随着……的变化而变化
[名师点津]
a variety of (varieties of)既可修饰复数可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词。该短语修饰复数可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数;修饰不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
【经典练】
单句语法填空
①One of the advantages is that we can find _________ (variety) topics，such as science，culture and history.
②The research team is made up of the pupils, whose ages ______ (various) from 10 to 15.
③There are ___________(variety) of reasons in favour of my opinion that a Chinese dictionary shouldn’t include English words.
④One of the advantages is that we can find various(variety) topics,such as science,culture and history.
⑤The research team is made up of the pupils,whose ages vary (various) from 10 to 15.
⑥There are varieties (variety) of reasons in favour of my opinion that a Chinese dictionary shouldn’t include English words.
句式升级
⑦Our school has built a new stadium and it has all kinds of well-equipped facilities．
→Our school has built a new stadium, _____________________ well-equipped facilities.(定语从句)
考点3.equal n. 同等的人;相等物 vt. 相同的;同样的
[教材原句] ...our relationship is close and we’re equals,so I only need a few words to bridge
the gap between us.(P66)……我们的关系很亲密,并且我们是平等的,因此我只需说几个字,就能消除我们之间的距离。
【拓展】
(1)the equal of与……相等/匹敌
be without equal=have no equal无与伦比
(2)equal sb/sth in(doing) sth在(做)某事上比得过、敌得过某人/物
(3)be equal to sth/doing sth等于/胜任(做)某事
be equal in sth在某方面平等/相同
(4)unequal adj.不相等的;不平等的
equality n.平等;相等
equally adv.相等地;同等地;公平地
[联想] 表示“胜任……”的其他表达：
①be up to；②be fit for；③be qualified for
近义词：rival（竞争对手，可与之匹敌者）, opponent (对手，竞争者）， match（可与之匹敌者）
【经典练】
单句语法填空
(1)China has always insisted that all countries,big or small,should be _______ (equality).
(2)Men and women must be treated _______ (equal) in education and employment.
(3)Any man will be equal_______ the task;so long as he is careful,you should give him a try.
(4)We need to be active in all kinds of sports，and pay attention to mental health which is equal ___________ physical health.
(5)[2021·天津卷3月]Fascinated by the structural beauty of the Forbidden City as a painter, she is________(equal) interested to learn more about Chinese philosophy.
(6)No one equals him ____ courage, about which every one knows.
[写美]——应用文之申请信
(7）[全国Ⅰ卷，书面表达]我确信我能胜任做这次中国绘画展的志愿者。
I am convinced that I ____________being a volunteer for the Chinese painting exhibition.
(8)我们要积极参加各种体育运动,注重心理健康,它与身体健康同等重要。
We need to be active in all kinds of sports,and pay attention to mental health ________________.
考点4.appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会
[教材原句]As China plays a greater role in global affairs，an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China’s culture and history through this amazing language.(P62)
随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。
【拓展】
(1)appreciate＋n./pron./v.-ing 重视/感激……
I would appreciate it if... 假如……，我将不胜感激
appreciate＋that/wh-从句 理解/意识到……
express/convey one's appreciation to sb. 向某人表达感激之情
注意：appreciate后不能用不定式，而要用动词－ing形式作宾语。当appreciate，hate，dislike，love，like，depend/rely on等词(组)后接宾语从句时，一般先加it，再接宾语从句。
【经典练】
【语境巧练】
写出下列句中appreciate的含义
①The happiest are not those who own all the best things ,but those who can appreciate the beauty of life．______
②I appreciate the difficulty you are faced with but I don’t think I can help you．______
③I would much appreciate it if you would arrange this for me．______
单句语法填空
①I’d appreciate ____ if could give me a bit of good advice.
②Chinese calligraphy has won the ______________(appreciate) of a lot of people outside China.
③I appreciate ____________(give) the opportunity to work in your company two years ago.
[写美句]——应用文之感谢信
我写信是为了表达一下我对你的感激之情，感谢你在我心情低沉的时候给我鼓励和安慰。
④_______________________________ for encouraging and comforting me when I was in depression.
[佳句] ⑤I'd appreciate your replying to my letter at your earliest convenience.
＝_____________________you could reply to my letter at your earliest convenience. [2020·全国Ⅲ卷，书面表达]
如果方便时你能尽快回复我的信件，我将感激不尽。
考点5.demand n. 要求;需求 vt.强烈要求;需要 vi.查问
[教材原句] But if I’m talking to someone who isn’t very close to me,I must make my request longer—and I must make it a question,not a demand.(P66) 但是,如果我和一个不是很亲近的人交谈,我必须把我的请求说的时间长一些——我必须确保这是请求,而不是一个要求。
【拓展】
(1)demand to do sth. 要求做某事
demand of sb to do sth. 要求某人做某事
demand sth. of/from sb. 向某人要某物
demand that.../it is demanded that...(should)+动词原形 要求……
(2)be in (great) demand (迫切)需求
meet/satisfy/serve one’s demands (for sth) 满足某人(对……)的需求
(3)demanding adj.要求高的;费力的
[名师点津]
(1)demand的主语是物时,常用demand doing或demand to be done结构。
(2)“要求某人做……”不可用demand sb to do...,但可用demand of sb to do...。
(3)demand后通常不接双宾语。
【经典练】
单句语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Like running, race walking is physically __________ (demand), she says.
②First, science graduates are ____ greater demand than arts ones in China.
③Yesterday evening，the couple came to my house and demanded help ________ me.
[写美句]——应用文之新闻报道
④ [2020·全国卷Ⅰ，书面表达]因为摘苹果需要爬树，所以农民们要求我们谨慎小心。
Because picking apples involved climbing trees, the farmers demanded that we___________________________．
【写作佳句】
Because it was a demanding task，the manager demanded that we (should) work extra hours to meet customers' demands.
因为这是一项要求比较高的任务，所以经理要求我们加班来满足顾客们的需求。
考点6.regard n. 尊重;关注 vt. 把……视为;看待
[教材原句] The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form,known as Chinese calligraphy,which has become an important part of Chinese culture.(P62) 对汉字书写体系的高度重视在汉字作为一种艺术形式的发展过程中可以看出来,这种被称为中国书法的艺术形式已经成为中国文化的重要组成部分。
【拓展】
(1)the (high)regard for...对……(高度)尊重
in this/that regard在这/那点上
in/with regard to...关于某人(某事),在这点上
give one’s regards (to sb)代某人(向某人)问好
as regards关于;至于(后接名词或从句作宾语)
(2)regard with以(某种心态)来看(某人或某事)
regard...as...把……看作……
(3)regardless of 不管；不顾
(4)regarding prep.关于,至于,就……而论
【经典练】
单句语法填空
(1)Please give my best ________(regard) to other friends who come to the dinner.
(2)With regard ________ my favourite Chinese poet,I’d like to introduce Du Fu to you.
(3)The Spring Festival ________(regard) as the most important festival for Chinese people.
(4)The Internet makes surveying and voting easy and convenient,regardless ______ time and space.
[小话题写作]
(5)如今,骑自行车与慢跑和游泳一样,被看作是最好的全能运动形式之一。
Nowadays,cycling,along with jogging and swimming, _________ one of the best all-round forms
of exercise.
考点7.refer to指的是；提及；查阅；参考
[教材原句] Pronouns (it,they,she,etc.) refer to something or somebody mentioned earlier.(P60) 代词(it,they,she等)指的是前面提到的某物或某人。
【拓展】
(1)refer...to... 把……提交给……；让(人)参考……
refer to...as... 把……称作……
(2)reference n. 提及，涉及；参考；参考书目
reference books/material 参考书/参考资料
in/with reference to 关于
[指津] refer的过去式、过去分词、现在分词分别为referred, referred, referring。
【经典练】
【语境巧练】
[写出下列句中refer to的含义]
(1)Although she didn’t mention any names,everyone knew who she was referring to.指的是
(2)You can refer to online articles to complete your education.参考
(3)Please refer to the dictionary if you don’t know the word.查阅
(4)We agreed never to refer to the matter again.提到
[单句语法填空]
(5)People who work in offices are usually referred to as “white collar workers”.
(6)You’d better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future reference (refer).
(7)As the situation was unusual,he referred the matter to the editor.
(8)[写美句]（2020全国Ⅰ作文话题）几十年来，人们一直常常用“雷锋”来指称有奉献精神的人。
For decades,“Lei Feng”has been the typical way of ___________________________.
【写作佳句】
The textbooks and dictionaries__________________________while the magazines serve as reading materials.
课本和词典可以用作参考书籍,然而杂志只能当作阅读材料。
考点8.date back (to)追溯到……;始于……
[教材原句] It dates back several thousand years to the use of Longgu—animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.(P62) 它可以追溯到几千年前龙骨的使用时期——古代中国人民将符号刻到动物的骨头和壳上。
【拓展】
(1) date from 追溯到；始于；起源于
(2) out of date 过时的
up to date (with...) 赶上(……的)潮流
(3)set a date for... 确定……的日期
make a date with sb. 与某人约会/预约
[指津] (1)date back to和date from一般无进行时态和被动语态。
(2)date back to和date from作后置定语时， 常用现在分词形式。
【经典练】
单句语法填空
①The Dragon Boat Festival, which ________ (date) back to the Warring States Periods, is one of the four most important festivals in China.
②Everyone should keep on getting himself educated so as to be up _____ date with modern technology.
[写美句]——句式升级
③Nan Hua temple is located 22 kilometers away from Shaoguan, right at river bank of Caojiang and it dates back to 1500 years ago.
____________________________,Nan Hua temple is located 22 kilometres away from Shaoguan , right at the river bank of Canjiang.(分词做作状语）
【写作佳句】
中国饮茶文化源远流长,可以追溯到1 000多年前。
Chinese tea-drinking culture has a long history __________________________1,000 years ago.
Part 3 单元重点句型精讲精练
考点1.句型公式：the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语), the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)……
越……，(……)越……
(教材原句)It was exercise for the brain; the more I learnt of a language, the more my brain would grow.这是对大脑的锻炼；我对一门语言的了解越多，我的大脑就会越发达。
【拓展】
(1)the＋比较级，the＋比较级 越……，就越……
(2)the more...，the less... 越……，越不……
the more...，the better... ……越多，……就越好
(3)形容词/副词比较级＋and＋形容词/副词比较级 越来越……
【经典练】
[单句语法填空]
(1)The more you know about our traditional culture,the more (much) you are interested in it.
(2)The more careful you are,the fewer (few) mistakes you will make.
(3)The harder (hard) you work,the greater progress you will make.
(4）The more difficult the question is ，the _________(likely) he is able to answer it.
(5)The higher you climb，the ________(far) you will see.
[小话题写作]
(6)我个人认为,教育就是学习,你学得越多,你为生活准备得就越多。
__________________________,education is about learning and the more you learn,the more you equip for your life.
[写美句]——应用文佳句
（7）[北京卷，书面表达]你对我们的传统文化的了解越多，你就对它越
感兴趣。
The more you know about our traditional culture，_______________________ it.
【写作佳句】
It was our teacher who reminded us that __________________________，__________________________.是我们的老师提醒我们：我们越自信，就越有可能成功。
考点2. 句型：no matter where... “无论在哪里……”引导让步状语从句
Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing.(教材P62)
即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。
【拓展】
(1)no matter where,who,what,etc.意为“不论……;不管……”。
(2)“no matter+疑问词”结构与“疑问词+-ever” 在用法上的异同:
①“no matter+疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句,不能引导名词性从句,可放在主句前或主句后。
②whatever,whoever,whichever,whomever既可引导名词性从句,也可引导让步状语从句,在引导让步状语从句时,相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。
③whenever,wherever,however引导让步状语从句时,相当于no matter when/where/how,意为“无论何时/何地/如何”。
【经典练】
[完成句子]
(1)通过建立家庭博客,无论在哪里,我们都能便利地分享我们的经历。
By setting up a family blog,we can conveniently share our experiences _____________________.
(2)无论何时我犯了错误,您总是耐心地指出来,并帮助我改正它。
__________________ I made a mistake,you were always patient to point it out and helped me correct it.
(3)贝蒂的主要优势是无论情况多么紧急她都能保持冷静。
Betty’s main strength is her ability to keep calm no matter____________________.
(4)我们许诺,任何参加这个聚会的人都有跟那个电影明星合影的机会。
We promise ____________________ has a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.
[句式升级]
(5)A determined person always tries to finish the job,no matter how hard it is.
→A determined person always tries to finish the job,____________________.
【写作佳句】
Every year,__________________________ will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
每年,制作最漂亮风筝的人都会在风筝节中获奖。
Part 4单元核心词汇+句型跟踪检测
单词拼写
1.The teacher recommended that we take the ______ (地铁) from school to the campsite.
2.Don't believe what he said. His story is ______ (以……为基础) on nothing.
3.There are a lot of clubs for students to join, such as ______ (书法) club, painting club and poem club.
4.I love to learn new subjects, and when I have any opportunities, I always learn them with an active ______ (态度) and full interests.
5.The talented artist has ______ (雕刻) an interesting decoration from this piece of tree root.
6.If you come to visit China, you will experience a culture of amazing depth and ________ (多样化).
7.According to the ______ (官方的) figures, more than 200,000 people have died of covid-19 in the USA.
8.Some rubbish such as steel, plastic, waste paper can all be ______ (回收利用).
9.Truly elegant chopsticks might be made of gold and silver with Chinese ______ (文字).
10.China's image is improving steadily, with more countries recognizing its role in international ______ (事务).
11.I am interested in the classical l______ of France.
12.He is such a famous professor that you can't help but ______ (尊重) him.
13.Women in our country enjoy___________(平等的) rights with men.
14.In production, we ___________(要求) not only quantity but also quality.
15.Reading will increase your___________ (词汇量).
16.Several people ___________(描述) seeing strange lights in the sky.
17.The report seeks to ____________ (与……有关系) the rise in crime to an increase in unemployment.
18.He encourages me to __________（主修）in English in college, to be a bridge between China and the world.
19.The novel _______________（被认为）as one of the excellent works.
20.I'd _______________（感激）it very much if you could tell me in advance whether or not you will come.
单句语法填空
1.Since you are interested in Chinese_____________ (class) novels, I think this book is well worth reading.
2.It is a _____________(demand) role and she needs to work hard at it.
3.We have to write a _____________(describe) of the street where we live and give it to the teacher tomorrow.
4.There stands an old temple in the village, __________(date) back to the Qing Dynasty.
5.He believes that everyone should fight for freedom and____________(equal).
6.I would like to express my ______ (appreciate) and thanks to those who have helped me in my life.
7.Learning from others or from the books is ______ (equal) important.
8.She read a poem by Carver ________ (describe) their life together.
9.Here you will have the chance to see Aborigine ceremonies with singing and dancing, ____________ (base) on ancient beliefs.
10.For them, playing well and winning are often life-and-death ______ (affair).
11.The building looked as ______ (impress) in actuality as it did in photographs.
12.There are a ______________(various) of programs in TV station to meet the need of people of all ages.
13.These data have been collected from_____________(variety) sources.
14.At the beginning of the 21st century,there were about 800,000 dams_____________(global).
15.With the exception of another world war,_____________(globe) warming might be the largest danger to our planet.
完成句子
1．中国功夫，一种传统的运动，拥有悠久的历史，被认为是我们国家的瑰宝。
Chinese kung fu，a traditional sport，has a long history and __________ our national treasure.
2．经历了这么多浮沉之后，他变得更加坚定了。
He has become more determined after going through so many .
3．如果你尽早回信我将感激不尽。
I’d me back as soon as possible.
4．众所周知，水果对我们的健康非常有帮助。
It is known that fruits .
5．无论你面临什么问题，都应该对工作持积极的态度。
, you should have a positive attitude towards/to your work.
6．由于种种原因，周日我不能和你一起去书店。
, I can’t go to the bookstore on Sunday with you.
7．其次，我要求你每三天写一篇作文。
Secondly, one composition every three days.
8．你掌握的英语句子越多，你越能创作更好的文章。
English sentences you master, articles you will create.
9. 得知你在书面英语上有困难，我乐意给你一些建议。
, I am willing to give you some suggestions.
那是一段我沉迷于电脑游戏的时期。
It was a time .
