阅读理解之说明文
01
（2024·安徽合肥·二模）The opening ceremony (开幕式) of the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou was held on September 23rd, 2023. People could see the electronic fireworks (烟花) in the night sky above the Hangzhou Olympic Sports Center Stadium. It showed us beautiful pictures, creative ideas, the latest technologies and environmental thoughts.
“The electronic fireworks paid attention to environmental protection,” said Sha Xiaolan, the director of the opening ceremony. “As long as fireworks are set off, there will be smoke in the air. It will cause pollution. Compared with normal fireworks which we usually set off, electronic fireworks never produce smoke and noise.”
Why did they use this kind of fireworks Because they were “green”, and Sha Xiaolan hoped to show environmental protection to the world. It did not mean there would be less excitement of the opening ceremony.
According to the digital technology, 3D pictures, AR technology and more, the electronic fireworks have left a deep thinking on the people. “People have rich feelings while they are watching the fireworks. Today is the first time I have seen electronic fireworks, and they are more special than normal fireworks.” He told China News reporters.
“High technologies helped produce environmental-friendly fireworks,” She said. “The research team designed fireworks with 3D technology. Then they did many experiments so that the fireworks had the best show without pollution.”
1．What did the electronic fireworks pay attention to
A．Beautiful pictures. B．The latest technologies.
C．Creative ideas. D．Environmental protection.
2．Why do people have a deep thinking about the electronic fireworks
A．Because the electronic fireworks have beautiful colors.
B．Because the electronic fireworks use modern technology.
C．Because the electronic fireworks can protect the environment.
D．Because the electronic fireworks are less special.
3．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．It’s bad for the environment to make electronic fireworks.
B．There was no need to do many experiments.
C．The electronic fireworks were the best in China.
D．The research team made many efforts for electronic fireworks.
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。主要介绍了2023年在杭州举办的第十九届亚运会开幕式上的电子烟花表演。
1．细节理解题。根据“The electronic fireworks paid attention to environmental protection,”可知，电子烟花注重环保。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“According to the digital technology, 3D pictures, AR technology and more, the electronic fireworks have left a deep thinking on the people.”可知，人们对电子烟花有着深刻的思考是因为电子烟花采用了现代技术。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据“The research team designed fireworks with 3D technology. Then they did many experiments
so that the fireworks had the best show without pollution.”可推知，研究小组为电子烟花做出了许多努力。故选D。
02
（2024·安徽合肥·二模）A nap (小睡) is an important part of the afternoon in many countries around the world. In China, people call it a wǔshui. In Italy, it’s a riposo. And the Spanish word for it is siesta. Could these naps be good for our brains
Three scientists worked on this study and Valentina Paz led the study. She wanted to know if daytime napping could be beneficial to brain health. “Keeping the brain healthy is important for well-being,” Paz explained.
The scientists examined the brains of thousands of people. They studied their DNA too. And they found a connection between taking naps and having better brain health.
People with bigger brains are usually healthier and have a lower risk of illness. However, our brains get smaller as we get older. The study showed that people who took naps more often had bigger brains!
An earlier study also showed that naps can help. Scientists compared the results of maths tests from 3,000 people in China. They found that an hour-long nap after lunch helped the people score better.
However, these studies don’t prove (证明) that napping causes bigger brains. After all, it is possible that people with bigger brains just like to nap more!
Paz hopes her research can teach people about the value of sleep. “Sleep plays an important role in keeping the brain healthy. When we do not get enough sleep, we could develop health problems,” she said.
4．Why does the writer mention ways to say a “nap” in different languages
A．To show a nap is important in many countries.
B．To show learning different languages is useful.
C．To show he is good at speaking different languages.
D．To show a nap improves people’s language learning ability.
5．What does the underlined word “beneficial” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Harmful. B．necessary. C．similar. D．Helpful.
6．Which of the following does Paz agree with
A．Napping causes bigger brains. B．Napping brings better brain health.
C．Brains get bigger as people get older. D．People with bigger brains enjoy more naps.
7．What’s Paz’s hope for the study
A．It calls attention to the living environment. B．It encourages people to have enough sleep.
C．It helps people solve different brain problems. D．It provides a new direction for future research.
【答案】4．A 5．D 6．B 7．B
【导语】本文介绍了睡眠对大脑健康的重要性。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段“A nap (小睡) is an important part of the afternoon in many countries around the world.”可知，作者用几种语言说nap这个单词是为了说明午睡在很多国家都很重要。故选A。
5．词义猜测题。根据第二段“Keeping the brain healthy is important for well-being”可知，划线词在此处表示“有帮助的”。故选D。
6．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Paz hopes her research can teach people about the value of sleep.”可知，Paz会同意“午睡会带来更健康的大脑。” 故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Sleep plays an important role in keeping the brain healthy. When we do not get enough sleep, we could develop health problems”可知，Paz鼓励人们要有充足睡眠。故选B。
03
（2024·安徽合肥·二模）
What A flush toilet (抽水马桶) from over 2,000 years ago Is that even possible
Well, according to a research team in China, the answer is yes!
Not long ago, Chinese researchers discovered several broken parts of a 2,400-year-old flush toilet. They believe it might be the world’s oldest flush toilet.
“It is the first and only ancient flush toilet that has been found in China,” said Liu Rui, a researcher. “Everybody on the research team was taken by surprise when we found it, and then we all couldn’t help laughing.”
Described by researchers as a “luxury (奢华的) object”, the toilet is thought to have been placed inside the palace. According to the researchers, this toilet might have been used by Duke Xiao of Qin or his father, Duke Xian of Qin. Liu pointed out that the toilet was probably set indoors and connected to an outdoor hole.
There are many historical records about toilets in ancient China and some ancient toilets have been found. It shows that the ancient Chinese already realised the importance of hygiene (卫生). And to people’s surprise, it seems that there is not too much difference between ancient toilets and the modern ones we see today.
8．How did the researchers feel when they found the ancient toilet
A．Common. B．Bored. C．Quiet. D．Surprised.
9．Which of the following is mentioned in Paragraph 5
A．The toilet was hard to use. B．The toilet was used outdoors.
C．The toilet was a luxury object. D．The toilet was used for hygiene.
10．What does the underlined word “ones” in the last paragraph refer to (指的是)
A．Toilets. B．Objects. C．Palaces. D．Records.
11．In which part of a magazine can we read the text
A．Art. B．History. C．Science. D．Education.
【答案】8．D 9．C 10．A 11．B
【导语】本文介绍的是考古发现的最古老的抽水马桶。
8．细节理解题。根据“Everybody on the research team was taken by surprise when we found it, and then we all couldn’t help laughing.”可知大家都很惊讶，故选D。
9．细节理解题。根据“Described by researchers as a ‘luxury (奢华的) object’, the toilet is thought to have been placed inside the palace.”可知这马桶是一件奢侈品。故选C。
10．词句猜测题。根据“And to people’s surprise, it seems that there is not too much difference between ancient toilets and the modern ones we see today.”可知古代马桶和我们今天看到的现代马桶似乎没有太大的区别。因此ones指代的是马桶，故选A。
11．推理判断题。本文介绍的是考古发现的最古老的抽水马桶。因此来自杂志的历史部分，故选B。
04
（2024·安徽合肥·二模）Ordering takeouts (外卖) is very popular nowadays because it is convenient. More than 60 percent of the people in China order takeout food at least twice a week. What about people living in ancient times Did they eat takeouts
In fact, there was takeout as far back as the Song Dynasty. According to history books, Emperor Xiaozong (1127-1194) , liked to order takeouts late at night. His servants (仆人)went around the city to pick up the dishes and bring them back to the palace.
Common people also ordered takeouts. Restaurant workers would go out into the streets and yell out which dishes could be ordered that day. After hearing the waiters, people could then place an order. Later, takeout workers would bring food to their homes. In the famous painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival (《清明上河图》), a takeout worker can be seen with food in hand.
People at that time even had a special meal box for takeout dishes. It was a long box which was made of wood with several layers (层). People also used warming plates made of two layers of china. Hot water could be put between them to keep dishes warm.
12．According to the passage, takeout has a long history of about __________ years in China.
A．900 B．1000 C．1,500 D．2000
13．The underlined word “yell” probably means __________.
A．give B．find C．throw D．shout
14．From the passage we can infer (推断) that __________.
A．eating midnight food was popular in the Song Dynasty
B．every emperor in the Song Dynasty liked ordering takeouts
C．there was no need to order takeout ahead of time in ancient China
D．people used special china boxes for takeout dishes in ancient China
15．Which can be the best title for this passage
A．Takeouts in ancient China
B．The emperor who liked takeouts
C．The advantages of ordering takeouts
D．Ways to order takeouts in ancient China
【答案】12．A 13．D 14．D 15．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了从宋代开始中国就已经有外卖了。
12．推理判断题。根据“In fact, there was takeout as far back as the Song Dynasty. According to history books, Emperor Xiaozong (1127—1194) liked to order takeouts late at night”可知外卖可以追溯到宋代，宋孝宗喜欢点外卖，距离现在大约900年。故选A。
13．词句猜测题。根据“Restaurant waiters would go out into the streets and yell out which dishes could be ordered that day. After hearing the waiters, people could then place an order.”可知餐馆服务员会走上街头，大声喊出当天可以点什么菜。在听到服务员的声音后，人们可以下订单。yell与shout同义，表示“叫喊”。故选D。
14．推理判断题。根据“People at that time even had a special meal box for takeout dishes.”可知那时的人们甚至有一个专门的餐盒来盛外卖菜肴。故选D。
15．最佳标题题。根据“What about people living in ancient times Did they eat takeouts ”以及全文可知本文主
要介绍了中国古代的外卖。故B选项“中国古代的外卖”符合题意。故选A。
05
（2024·安徽合肥·二模）
Hollywood producer and actor Tyler Perry is worried that AI will cause job losses in the movie industry.
He told “The Hollywood Reporter” website about his worries. He said, “There should be some regulations (规章) to protect us from AI. If not, we can’t survive.” He said he had plans for an $800 million movie project. But Open AI’s new text-to-video tool, Sora, made him put off his project. Sora is a new tool that can create videos up to a minute long. All the users have to do is to type a prompt (提示), and it will create a video. It can also create a video from a photo. Sora has been named after the Japanese word for sky. The New York Times said this was to show the tool’s “limitless creative potential (无限创造潜能)”. Now Tyler is waiting to see what happens with AI which will have a big influence on jobs.
Tyler said he understood how useful AI will be in film-making. However, he worries about job losses. He said, “It makes me worry so much about all of the people in the business. I immediately started thinking of everyone in the industry who would be influenced by this, including actors ... and editors (编辑).” He added, “I’m thinking this will touch every corner of our industry.”
16．In Tyler’s opinion, what might protect people from AI
A．Money. B．Regulations. C．A prompt. D．More police officers.
17．What does the word “Sora” mean in Japanese
A．sky B．win C．tiger D．movie
18．Which statement is true according to the text
A．Actors and editors won’t be influenced by AI.
B．Sora can create a video for more than a minute.
C．The New York Times has “limitless creative potential”.
D．Sora can create a video by typing a prompt or giving a photo.
【答案】16．B 17．A 18．D
【导语】本文讲述了好莱坞制片人兼演员Tyler Perry对于人工智能将给电影行业带来大量失业的担忧。
16．细节理解题。根据“He said, ‘There should be some regulations (规章) to protect us from AI. If not, we can’t survive.’ ”可知，在Tyler看来，规章可以保护人免受AI的伤害。故选B。
17．细节理解题。根据“Sora has been named after the Japanese word for sky.”可知，Sora在日语里的含义是“天空”。故选A。
18．细节理解题。根据“All the users have to do is to type a prompt (提示), and it will create a video. It can also create a video from a photo.”可知，Sora可以通过输入提示或提供照片来创建视频。故选D。
06
（2024·安徽阜阳·二模）Chips, cookies and ice-cream...Many kinds of food that we like are ultra-processed (超加工). And you may be addicted to (上瘾) them, said a new study in the British Medical Journal.
What are ultra-processed foods (UPFs) In short, you can’t re-create them in your kitchen. They are usually made in factories. They have long list of additives (添加剂)—some you may never have heard of.
The study looked into 281 other studies from 36 different countries and areas. It found that UPF lovers may strongly crave such food. If they stop eating it, they can feel very sad.
Why are UPFs addictive Usually, natural foods are either high in carbohydrates (碳水化合物) or high in fat.
UPFs, however, are usually high in both. So, such foods can have more calories than natural foods.
Such foods also bring carbohydrates and fat to the gut (肠道) faster. Our body breaks down the fat from natural foods slowly. However, the body breaks down the fat in UPFs as soon as it reaches the stomach. This makes the brain create more dopamine (多巴胺). It makes you feel happier and want to eat more.
About 14 percent of adults and 12 percent of children are addicted to UPFs, said the study. They cause problems to people’s health around the world. Scientists are now calling for more attention to the UPFs.
19．What do we know about ultra-processed foods
A．They are actually not eatable.
B．We can find them in natural foods.
C．It takes a long time to cook them in kitchens.
D．They have many different kinds of additives.
20．What does the underlined word “crave” mean in the passage
A．Look for. B．Run for. C．Wish for. D．Leave for.
21．Which is the reason for UPFs being addictive
A．The gut loves the carbohydrates in UPFs more.
B．UPFs arrive at the stomach faster than natural foods.
C．People feel happy when the body makes more dopamine after eating UPFs.
D．UPFs have dopamine which can make people feel happy.
22．Which of the following do the scientists may agree
A．Eating UPFs is a good way to become happy.
B．It is hard to give up UPFs on one’s own.
C．There will be more people addicted to UPFs.
D．People should eat less UPFs for health.
【答案】19．D 20．C 21．C 22．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了超加工食品，它们给世界各地的人们的健康带来了问题，科学家们现在呼吁更多地关注超加工食品。
19．细节理解题。根据“They have long list of additives”可知它们有很多添加剂。故选D。
20．词义猜测题。根据“It found that UPF lovers may strongly crave such food. If they stop eating it, they can feel very sad.”可知如果他们停止吃它，他们会感到非常难过，所以超加工食品爱好者可能会强烈渴望这种食物，故此处划线部分和wish for“渴望”意义相近。故选C。
21．细节理解题。根据“the body breaks down the fat in UPFs as soon as it reaches the stomach. This makes the brain create more dopamine (多巴胺). It makes you feel happier and want to eat more.”可知身体就会分解超加工食品中的脂肪，这使大脑产生更多的多巴胺，它会让你感觉更快乐，想吃更多。故选C。
22．推理判断题。根据“They cause problems to people’s health around the world. Scientists are now calling for more attention to the UPFs.”可知超加工食品给世界各地的人们的健康带来了问题，所以科学家应建议人们为了健康要少吃。故选D。
07
（2024·安徽黄山·二模）As we know, there is plenty of plastic pollution on the earth. Many plastics are only used once. People throw away plenty of plastic waste each year. It will take hundreds of years to break down it. And plastics in the sea make millions of sea animals die every year.
A team of scientists made a new enzyme (酶) and it can break down plastic into smaller parts in a week, or sometimes in twenty-four hours. The enzyme is known as FAST-PETase, which is able to work on PET, a kind of
plastic.
In tests, once the enzyme did its job of breaking the plastic down into smaller parts, the scientists then used the parts to make new kinds of plastic products. This means if a company is producing plastic products, they can collect the plastic waste to make new products.
What makes FAST-PETase even more special is that it can also work in different temperatures.
This means it can also work in outdoor environments and break down plastic in landfills (废物填埋场).
The team is hoping that, in the future, they will be able to use this enzyme to clean up polluted areas such as beaches, oceans, lands and so on. If tests are successful, we can see less plastic pollution in the future.
23．What can we learn about the enzyme from Paragraph 2
A．It can break down plastic in a short time.
B．It can help companies produce more plastics.
C．It can only work at a certain temperature.
D．It can only work on plastic products.
24．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 4
A．The company. B．The plastic waste.
C．The new enzyme. D．The new environment.
25．What is the best title for the passage
A．Plastic Pollution B．Fighting Against Pollution
C．A New Way of Using Plastic D．The Plastic-eating Enzyme
【答案】23．A 24．C 25．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了一个科学家团队制造了一种能快速降解塑料的新型酶。
23．细节理解题。根据第二段“A team of scientists made a new enzyme (酶) and it can break down plastic into smaller parts in a week, or sometimes in twenty-four hours.”可知，这种酶能在短时间内降解塑料。故选A。
24．词义猜测题。根据第四段“What makes FAST-PETase even more special is that it can also work in different temperatures.”可知，让FAST-PETase更加特别的是，它还可以在不同的温度下工作。由此推知，it指代FAST-PETase这种新型酶。故选C。
25．标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一个科学家团队制造了一种能快速降解塑料的新型酶。因此，选项D“吃塑料的酶”是最佳标题。故选D。
08
（2024·安徽蚌埠·二模）“Chinese medical teams are spreading warmth and love in Africa. I hope one day I can help others like them,” said Appiah Priscilla, an international student from Africa. She said this after learning about the great work of Chinese medical teams.
The first Chinese medical team was set up in 1962 and sent to Africa the next year. Since then, China has sent over 23 thousand team members to over 45 African countries, treating over 240 million patients. Today, Chinese medical teams are in many parts of Africa. They’re trying hard to save lives and help Africans keep healthy.
Their work is hard but meaningful. The working conditions are poor. For example, during operations, the power sometimes may go out, but the members don’t give up working. They take out their smartphones and turn on the flashlights (手电筒) to make sure the operations go on. Many places are short of doctors and nurses. Chinese medical teams not only save patients’ lives but also help train doctors and nurses. Africans are so thankful to the medical team members that they call the members “angels (天使) in white”.
With its 62-year non-stop medical help to Africa, China has helped ameliorate the health and happiness of Africans. As China and Africa work hard to build a community with a shared future, Chinese medical teams play an important role in making it.
26．When was the first Chinese medical team sent to Africa
A．In 1961. B．In 1962. C．In 1963. D．In 1964.
27．What do Chinese medical teams do in Africa besides treating patients
A．They teach people to read and write. B．They help train doctors and nurses.
C．They set up schools and universities. D．They make smartphones and flashlights.
28．What does the underlined word “ameliorate” in the last paragraph mean
A．Protect. B．Achieve. C．Examine. D．Improve.
29．What's the best title for the text
A．Chinese Angels in Africa B．How to Spread Warmth and Love
C．The Friendship between Countries D．The Medical Conditions in Africa
【答案】26．C 27．B 28．D 29．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国医疗队在非洲无私奉献的事迹，非洲人称他们为“白衣天使”。
26．细节理解题。根据“The first Chinese medical team was set up in 1962 and sent to Africa the next year.”可知中国第一支医疗队于1962年成立，第二年被派往非洲，即1963年。故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据“Chinese medical teams not only save patients' lives but also help train doctors and nurses”可知中国医疗队不仅拯救了病人的生命，还帮助培训医生和护士。故选B。
28．词义猜测题。根据“With its 62-year non-stop medical help to Africa, China has helped ameliorate the health and happiness of Africans.”可知中国不间断地向非洲提供医疗援助，帮助改善了非洲人的健康和幸福，故此处划线部分意为“改善”，和improve意义相近。故选D。
29．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了中国医疗队在非洲无私奉献的事迹，非洲人称他们为“白衣天使”，以选项A“中国天使在非洲”为标题最合适。故选A。
09
（2024·安徽合肥·二模）On October 26, 2023, China launched (发射) the Shenzhou-17 spaceship from the Jiuquan Launch Center. This marked the beginning of another important mission (任务) in space for China. The spaceship traveled to space on a rocket called Long March 2F. This launch was an event watched by many people around the world.
Shenzhou-17 had many tasks to perform in space. One of the first tasks was to connect with a space station named Tianhe. This connection allowed the astronauts to have a place to live and work in space. While in space, the astronauts did several scientific experiments (科学实验) and tested new technologies, These activities are important for exploring the space in the future.
The astronauts also went outside the space station to install (安装) some machines and do some fixing work. These space walks showed the courage and skills of the astronauts, as well as the technology of China’s space program.
After spending about six months in space, Shenzhou-17 returned to the earth on April 30, 2024. The spaceship landed successfully in a place called Dongfeng landing center. The three astronauts, Tang Hongbo, Tang Shengjie and Jiang Xinlin, were in good condition.
This successful mission is not just a milestone (里程碑) for China’s space program, but also a great progress for the world. It shows China’s development in space technology and gives hope for future space missions. China plans to continue its space missions and keep exploring of space.
30．What was one of the first tasks of the Shenzhou-17 mission
A．To do several scientific experiments.
B．To land on the moon and explore the space.
C．To connect with the space station, Tianhe.
D．To return to the earth immediately after launch.
31．What can we know from the text
A．The mission of Shenzhou-17 is not a milestone for China.
B．Shenzhou-17 spaceship spent more than six months in space.
C．Shenzhou-17 spaceship traveled on a rocket called Dongfeng.
D．Shenzhou-17 spaceship landed in the same place as it was launched.
32．What can be inferred (推断) from the text from last paragraph
A．China will reduce the number of space missions.
B．China plans to continue exploring the universe in the future.
C．China hopes to focus on space tourism (旅游业) in the future.
D．China will work with other nations to set up another space station.
【答案】30．C 31．B 32．B
【导语】本文介绍了神舟十七号宇宙飞船于2023年10月26日成功发射，以及执行的任务。
30．细节理解题。根据“One of the first tasks was to connect with a space station named Tianhe.”可知，第一个任务是与天河空间站连接。故选C。
31．细节理解题。根据“After spending about six months in space, Shenzhou-17 returned to the earth on April 30, 2024.”可知，神舟十七号在太空中待了六个多月。故选B。
32．推理判断题。根据“China plans to continue its space missions and keep exploring of space.”可知，中国计划继续执行太空任务，会继续探索太空。故选B。
10
（2024·安徽合肥·二模）Have you ever thought your personal data (数据) will be stolen when you surf online Personal data includes email addresses, phone numbers, birth dates, and even passwords (密码). What should you do when your personal data is stolen Here are some suggestions.
Change your password.
If someone gets into your account, change your password right away. Use a new password that has letters, numbers, and symbols. It’s also good to add another step when you log in (登陆), like getting a number code (数字验证码) on your phone. Also, don’t use the same password for different websites.
Keep an eye on things
It is difficult to know in time when your website data gets stolen. But you can use online tools to check if it has been stolen. Keeper Security can help you. It keeps watching on the Internet to see if your personal information shows up there.
Tell your bank at once
If your bank card information gets stolen, call your bank right away. They can watch for any strange activity and might give you a new card. This stops anyone from opening new accounts in your name.
Freeze your phone account
Nowadays, phone number is closely connected to many website accounts. So if your phone gets stolen, your other accounts may be cracked (破解) easily. When you lose your phone, you can call telephone company. They will check your private information and freeze your account to reduce the risk.
By following these steps, you can help keep your personal information safe online.
33．Which password is more recommended if you want to change a safer password
A．123456 B．abcdef C．123abc D．123@abc!
34．When others open a new bank account in your name, what should you do
A．Change your password. B．Keep an eye on everything.
C．Tell your bank at once. D．Freeze your phone account.
35．What does “it” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．The personal data.
B．The online tool.
C．The number code.
D．The website address.
36．In which part of a newspaper can you find the text
A．Internet. B．Nature. C．Travel. D．Education.
【答案】33．D 34．C 35．A 36．A
【导语】本文提供了当个人在线数据被窃取时，保护个人信息的几种建议措施。
33．细节理解题。根据“Use a new password that has letters, numbers, and symbols.”可知，更安全的密码应该包含字母、数字和符号，所以选项D（123@abc!）是最推荐的密码。故选D。
34．细节理解题。根据“If your bank card information gets stolen, call your bank right away.”可知，如果别人用你的名字开设新的银行账户，你应该立即通知银行。故选C。
35．词句猜测题。根据“It is difficult to know in time when your website data gets stolen. But you can use online tools to check if it has been stolen.”可知，很难及时知道网站数据何时被盗，但可以使用在线工具来检查它是否被盗。因此it指代个人数据，故选A。
36．推理判断题。根据文章的内容和主题可知，本文主要讲述如何在网上保障自己的个人数据安全，与网络有关，故选A。
11
（2024·安徽滁州·二模）
As a kind of traditional Chinese dress, the horse face skirt, “mamianqun” in Chinese, first appeared in the Song Dynasty and grew popular during the Ming Dynasty. The two sides of the skirt are pleated (有褶的), and there is a smooth part in the middle, commonly known as “manian”.
Mamianqun is colorful, mostly red and blue. Red means good luck and joy. According to the Han custom, women usually wore red skirts during festivals. In the Qing Dynasty, blue was also common and popular, paired with black and yellow.
Mamianqun has different kinds of patterns (图案) with different meanings. For example, loong and phoenix patterns show the love between a man and a woman or a happy marriage. And the peony (牡丹) is a symbol of wealth and honor.
Recently, mamianqun has become a popular form of skirt for hanfu fans. More and more modern fashion designers get ideas from mamianqun. For example, some get ideas from the patterns. Some mix the styles of manianqun with T-shirts, which are more suitable for everyday wear. Even Western fashion has been influenced by mamianqun.
37．According to the text, “manian” refers to (指的是) the ________ of the skirt.
A．two sides B．smooth material C．colorful patterns D．middle part
38．What does the first paragraph mainly talk about
A．The history of mamianqun. B．The influence of mamianqun.
C．The ways of wearing mamianqun. D．The steps to make mamianqun.
39．What do loong and phoenix patterns on manianqun mean
A．Luck and joy. B．Love or marriage. C．Wealth and honor. D．Health or beauty.
40．What can we learn from the text
A．Mamianqun has also influenced Western fashion.
B．Mamianqun was first worn in the Ming Dynasty.
C．In the Han Dynasty, women always wore blue skirts during festivals.
D．Modern fashion designers get ideas from the sizes of mamianqun.
【答案】37．D 38．A 39．B 40．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国传统服饰——马面裙。
37．细节理解题。根据“The two sides of the skirt are pleated (有褶的), and there is a smooth part in the middle, commonly known as ‘manian’.”可知，裙摆两侧多褶皱，中间有光滑的部分，俗称“马面”，所以“manian”指的是裙子的中间部分，故选D。
38．段落大意题。根据“As a kind of traditional Chinese dress, the horse face skirt, ‘mamianqun’ in Chinese, first appeared in the Song Dynasty and grew popular during the Ming Dynasty.”可知，第一段主要讲的是马面裙的历史。故选A。
39．细节理解题。根据“For example, loong and phoenix patterns show the love between a man and a woman or a happy marriage.”可知，龙凤图案表示男女之间的爱情或幸福的婚姻，故选B。
40．细节理解题。根据“Even Western fashion has been influenced by mamianqun.”可知，马面裙也影响了西方时尚。故选A。
12
（2024·安徽滁州·二模）On September 7th 2023, the Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway (雅万高铁) built by China and Indonesia was put into use. It shortens (使变短) the travel time between the two cities from 3.5 hours to just 40 minutes. From September 7th to September 30th in 2023, people could ride for free. Tickets would officially go on sale in early October.
The railway is the first high-speed railway in Indonesia and even Southeast Asia. The whole railway line is built using Chinese technology and following Chinese standards. It connects Jakarta, the Indonesian capital, with Bandung, a famous tourist city. The total length of the railway is 142.3 kilometers, with a speed of 350 km/h. The railway start s in Jakarta, passes through several cities and counties and finally reaches Bandung. There are four stations along the way. Before the railway was put into use, China and Indonesia actively carried out a large
number of tests. ________
The opening of the Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway will greatly improve the local traffic conditions. It will not only provide greater convenience for people along the railway, but also encourage business development and drive the growth of the tourism industry. All these will bring new chances to the local development.
The Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway also marks the entry (进入) of China’s high-speed railway into the international market.
41．How long does it take from Jakarta to Bandung
A．40 minutes. B．2 hours. C．3.5 hours. D．4 hours.
42．Which sentence can be put in ________
A．Indonesia has put a lot of effort into building it.
B．It took China and Indonesia several years to complete it.
C．Tens of thousands of Indonesian workers took part in the project.
D．This was to make sure that the railway met all the necessary conditions for safety.
43．Which question could best help us find out the main idea of Paragraph 3
A．When was the Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway put into use
B．What results will the Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway achieve
C．What effort did China and Indonesia make to complete the railway project
D．How many stations are there along the Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway
44．What’s the best title for the text
A．Tourism industry in Indonesia B．China’s high-speed railway
C．Indonesia’s first high-speed railway D．Relationships between China and Indonesia
【答案】41．A 42．D 43．B 44．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了由中国和印度尼西亚共同建设的雅万高铁的开通情况，以及这条高铁对当地交通、商业和旅游业的影响。
41．细节理解题。根据“It shortens (使变短) the travel time between the two cities from 3.5 hours to just 40 minutes.”可知，从雅加达到万隆需要40分钟。故选A。
42．推理判断题。根据“Before the railway was put into use, China and Indonesia actively carried out a large number of tests.”可知，铁路投入使用前，中国和印尼积极开展了大量试验，D选项“这是为了确保铁路满足安全所
需的所有条件。”符合语境。故选D。
43．推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，本段的主旨是雅万高铁的开通将产生的结果，所以选项B“雅万高铁将取得什么样的成果？”最能帮助我们找出这段的主旨。故选B。
44．最佳标题题。全文主要介绍了印尼的第一条高铁——雅万高铁的开通情况，以及这条高铁对当地交通、商业和旅游业的影响，所以选项C“印尼首条高铁”最适合作为文章标题。故选C。
13
（2024·安徽亳州·二模）When you think of the sea, you may not think of Xinjiang. As is known, Xinjiang is often remembered as somewhere far from the sea with long hours of sunlight, a large Gobi desert, and mountains with an especially dry climate, unsuitable for seafood production because of the large amount of water required.
However, Xinjiang now welcomes a great harvest of local “seafood”, such as shrimp and crabs. The most important thing for aquatic products (水产品) is water. Xinjiang has many rivers and lakes with water from the melting snow and glaciers (冰川) of the Tianshan Mountains. “With the mountains on the side, there is no industrial pollution and agricultural pollution, which keeps the water clean and promote the growth of the fish,” said Li Chunyu, the head technician of the local trout farm.
Also, land in Xinjiang has a lot of salt. This is not good for growing crops. But “one man’s trash is another man’s treasure”. The land makes the underground water salty. People turn the salty water into “man-made seawater”. They then use it to raise sea fish, shrimp and crabs.
Many people are worried about the safety of seafood because of the nuclear-contaminated water (核污染水). Some even feel desperate (绝望的) since they may no longer enjoy any seafood. Luckily, according to the Department of Agriculture, in 2022, the total output value of Xinjiang’s fishery industry reached 4. 2 billion yuan ($580 million), an increase of 921 million yuan compared to 2019. Now, some of Xinjiang’s “seafood” goes to many cities in China. It also goes to countries in Southeast Asia. It turns out that Xinjiang’s “seafood” is becoming a new and favorable (有利的) choice for seafood lovers.
45．Why does the writer introduce Xinjiang in this way in Paragraph 1
A．To introduce the climate and location of Xinjiang.
B．To lead in the real situation of local “seafood” in Xinjiang.
C．To describe the seafood industry in China.
D．To explain the reason why Xinjiang has poor seafood production.
46．Which word can replace the underlined word “trash” in Paragraph 3
A．Wealth. B．Pleasure. C．Litter. D．Property.
47．Which of the following makes it possible to raise sea fish in Xinjiang
①water from melting snow and glaciers ②the sea water from the underground
③the salt in the land ④less pollution
A．①②③ B．①③④ C．②③④ D．①②④
48．What can we know from the last paragraph
A．Xinjiang’s seafood industry is developing better.
B．People are pleased with the current safety of seafood.
C．Xinjiang’s “seafood’ remains to be the only choice for seafood lovers.
D．There are many different types of seafood for people to choose.
【答案】45．B 46．C 47．B 48．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了新疆海鲜产业的发展。
45．推理判断题。第一段主要介绍了在大多数人的印象里，新疆的气候、地理等自然条件并不适合产海鲜，但实际情况并非如此，所以第一段是为了引出新疆当地“海鲜”的真实情况，故选B。
46．词句猜测题。根据“one man’s trash is another man’s treasure”可知一个人的垃圾是另一个人的财富，trash跟litter意思相近，故选C。
47．细节理解题。根据“Xinjiang has many rivers and lakes with water from the melting snow and glaciers (冰川) of the Tianshan Mountains.”、“With the mountains on the side, there is no industrial pollution and agricultural pollution, which keeps the water clean and promote the growth of the fish”和“Also, land in Xinjiang has a lot of salt… They then use it to raise sea fish, shrimp and crabs.”可知来自天山上的雪水和冰川水、无工业污染和农业污染以及地上的盐，使养海鱼成为可能，故选B。
48．推理判断题。根据“Luckily, according to the Department of Agriculture, in 2022, the total output value of Xinjiang’s fishery industry reached 4. 2 billion yuan ($580 million), an increase of 921 million yuan compared to 2019.”可知新疆的海鲜产业发展得越来越好，故选A。
14
（2024·安徽合肥·二模）① Have you heard of China’s Tiangong space station How much do you know about the lives of astronauts working in the space station Come along and find out!
② For astronauts in space, exercise is important. The environment is very different in space. Doing sports can help astronauts stay healthy. How do they exercise There is a bike to keep fit, a running machine, and other
fitness equipment in the space station. The equipment makes it easy for astronauts to exercise.
③ Astronauts live in a weightless environment, so they can’t take showers like we do on the earth. Is there a bathroom in the space station How do they keep themselves clean Don’t worry! Tiangong has a special bathroom. Astronauts can wipe themselves clean with a wet towel (毛巾).
④ What do astronauts eat in the space station There is bread and porridge for breakfast. There are also traditional Chinese dishes, like Kung Pao Chicken, fried rice and fried noodles with sliced pork. The re is a special “fridge” to store the food. It’s made of “aerogel (气凝胶)”. The food stays cool in it.
⑤ What if astronauts miss their family There is special communication equipment in the station. Astronauts can have personal “sky-to-earth” calls with their family. Usually, the astronauts wear earphones. It not only helps them talk with each other, but also allows them to talk to the ground from any poison.
⑥ What do you think of the lives of the astronauts
49．How does the writer lead into the topic in Paragraph 1
A．By using sayings B．By listing numbers.
C．By asking questions. D．By giving examples.
50．What does the underlined phrase “fitness equipment” probably mean in Paragraph 2
A．Things for exercising. B．Things for keeping food.
C．Things for communicating. D．Things for keeping clean.
51．Which is the best structure of the text (①=Paragraph 1 ②-Paragraph 2,…)
A． B． C． D．
52．In which part of a magazine can we read the text
A．Food. B．Science. C．Medicine. D．Trade.
【答案】49．C 50．A 51．C 52．B
【导语】本文介绍了宇航员在太空的生活。
49．细节理解题。根据“Have you heard of China’s Tiangong space station How much do you know about the lives of astronauts working in the space station”可知是通过提问的方式，故选C。
50．词句猜测题。根据“There is a bike to keep fit, a running machine, and other fitness equipment in the space
station.”可知空间站里有一辆自行车、一台跑步机和其他健身设备，故划线部分意为“健身设备”，故选A。
51．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出主题，第二三四五段分别介绍太空生活，第六段结尾，故选C。
52．推理判断题。本文介绍了宇航员在太空的生活，因此可能来自杂志的科学部分。故选B。
15
（2024·安徽合肥·二模）“For thousands of years, humans have raced to be the first … Now, in some cases, we’re racing to be the last.” said The New York Times’ Paige McClanahan. This is the spirit at the heart of last-chance tourism, a rising industry.
Last-chance tourism is about seeing the last of something, that’s to say, visiting places before they disappear. Rising temperature and water levels mean that we may never get another chance to see certain islands, glaciers (冰川), animals, and so on before they disappear.
This may sound sad, but some people are using last-chance tourism as a way to spread environmental awareness. One example is “the Sea of Ice” in Chamonix, France. The Chamonix ski resort (度假村) opened a glacier museum in 2012. There tourists can learn about glaciers and how climate change influences places like “the Sea of Ice”. This effort seems to have an effect. A 2020 survey showed that 80 percent of visitors would “try to learn more about the environment and how to protect it”.
Although it has these advantages, last-chance tourism may also be speeding up the effects of climate change. As more people rush to endangered natural places, they create a bigger and bigger carbon (碳) footprint, leading to the destruction of these places in the end.
At the end of the day, it’s not just about understanding the need to stop climate change; it’s even more important to avoid making it more terrible.
53．What’s last-chance tourism
A．Being the last to see a place. B．Visiting places before they disappear.
C．Traveling to certain islands. D．Seeing some famous natural places.
54．How did the Chamonix ski resort help spread awareness about the environment
A．By opening a glacier museum. B．By offering free skiing training.
C．By listing endangered animals. D．By creating a big carbon footprint.
55．What does the underlined word “destruction” in Paragraph 4 mean
A．Business. B．Discovery. C．Magic. D．Harm.
56．What’s the purpose of the text
A．To show the importance of racing. B．To spread knowledge about glaciers.
C．To introduce a rising industry. D．To tell the effects of climate changes.
【答案】53．B 54．A 55．D 56．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了因环境被破坏而兴起的一种旅游新方式——最后机会旅游。
53．细节理解题。根据原文“Last-chance tourism is about seeing the last of something, that’s to say, visiting places before they disappear”可知，“最后机会旅游”指的是在这些地方消失之前参观它们。故选B。
54．细节理解题。根据原文“The Chamonix ski resort (度假村) opened a glacier museum in 2012”可知，霞慕尼滑雪场开设了一个冰川博物馆来唤醒人们的环保意识。故选A。
55．词句猜测题。根据上文“As more people rush to endangered natural places, they create a bigger and bigger carbon (碳) footprint”可知，越来越多的人涌入濒临灭绝的自然地区，他们创造了越来越大量的碳足迹，最终导致这些地方被破坏。故“destruction”有“破坏”之意。故选D。
56．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇说明文，介绍了因环境被破坏而兴起的一种旅游新方式——最后机会旅游。故选C。阅读理解之说明文
01
（2024·安徽合肥·二模）The opening ceremony (开幕式) of the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou was held on September 23rd, 2023. People could see the electronic fireworks (烟花) in the night sky above the Hangzhou Olympic Sports Center Stadium. It showed us beautiful pictures, creative ideas, the latest technologies and environmental thoughts.
“The electronic fireworks paid attention to environmental protection,” said Sha Xiaolan, the director of the opening ceremony. “As long as fireworks are set off, there will be smoke in the air. It will cause pollution. Compared with normal fireworks which we usually set off, electronic fireworks never produce smoke and noise.”
Why did they use this kind of fireworks Because they were “green”, and Sha Xiaolan hoped to show environmental protection to the world. It did not mean there would be less excitement of the opening ceremony.
According to the digital technology, 3D pictures, AR technology and more, the electronic fireworks have left a deep thinking on the people. “People have rich feelings while they are watching the fireworks. Today is the first time I have seen electronic fireworks, and they are more special than normal fireworks.” He told China News reporters.
“High technologies helped produce environmental-friendly fireworks,” She said. “The research team designed fireworks with 3D technology. Then they did many experiments so that the fireworks had the best show without pollution.”
1．What did the electronic fireworks pay attention to
A．Beautiful pictures. B．The latest technologies.
C．Creative ideas. D．Environmental protection.
2．Why do people have a deep thinking about the electronic fireworks
A．Because the electronic fireworks have beautiful colors.
B．Because the electronic fireworks use modern technology.
C．Because the electronic fireworks can protect the environment.
D．Because the electronic fireworks are less special.
3．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．It’s bad for the environment to make electronic fireworks.
B．There was no need to do many experiments.
C．The electronic fireworks were the best in China.
D．The research team made many efforts for electronic fireworks.
02
（2024·安徽合肥·二模）A nap (小睡) is an important part of the afternoon in many countries around the world. In China, people call it a wǔshui. In Italy, it’s a riposo. And the Spanish word for it is siesta. Could these naps be good for our brains
Three scientists worked on this study and Valentina Paz led the study. She wanted to know if daytime napping could be beneficial to brain health. “Keeping the brain healthy is important for well-being,” Paz explained.
The scientists examined the brains of thousands of people. They studied their DNA too. And they found a connection between taking naps and having better brain health.
People with bigger brains are usually healthier and have a lower risk of illness. However, our brains get
smaller as we get older. The study showed that people who took naps more often had bigger brains!
An earlier study also showed that naps can help. Scientists compared the results of maths tests from 3,000 people in China. They found that an hour-long nap after lunch helped the people score better.
However, these studies don’t prove (证明) that napping causes bigger brains. After all, it is possible that people with bigger brains just like to nap more!
Paz hopes her research can teach people about the value of sleep. “Sleep plays an important role in keeping the brain healthy. When we do not get enough sleep, we could develop health problems,” she said.
4．Why does the writer mention ways to say a “nap” in different languages
A．To show a nap is important in many countries.
B．To show learning different languages is useful.
C．To show he is good at speaking different languages.
D．To show a nap improves people’s language learning ability.
5．What does the underlined word “beneficial” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Harmful. B．necessary. C．similar. D．Helpful.
6．Which of the following does Paz agree with
A．Napping causes bigger brains. B．Napping brings better brain health.
C．Brains get bigger as people get older. D．People with bigger brains enjoy more naps.
7．What’s Paz’s hope for the study
A．It calls attention to the living environment. B．It encourages people to have enough sleep.
C．It helps people solve different brain problems. D．It provides a new direction for future research.
03
（2024·安徽合肥·二模）
What A flush toilet (抽水马桶) from over 2,000 years ago Is that even possible
Well, according to a research team in China, the answer is yes!
Not long ago, Chinese researchers discovered several broken parts of a 2,400-year-old flush toilet. They believe it might be the world’s oldest flush toilet.
“It is the first and only ancient flush toilet that has been found in China,” said Liu Rui, a researcher.
“Everybody on the research team was taken by surprise when we found it, and then we all couldn’t help laughing.”
Described by researchers as a “luxury (奢华的) object”, the toilet is thought to have been placed inside the palace. According to the researchers, this toilet might have been used by Duke Xiao of Qin or his father, Duke Xian of Qin. Liu pointed out that the toilet was probably set indoors and connected to an outdoor hole.
There are many historical records about toilets in ancient China and some ancient toilets have been found. It shows that the ancient Chinese already realised the importance of hygiene (卫生). And to people’s surprise, it seems that there is not too much difference between ancient toilets and the modern ones we see today.
8．How did the researchers feel when they found the ancient toilet
A．Common. B．Bored. C．Quiet. D．Surprised.
9．Which of the following is mentioned in Paragraph 5
A．The toilet was hard to use. B．The toilet was used outdoors.
C．The toilet was a luxury object. D．The toilet was used for hygiene.
10．What does the underlined word “ones” in the last paragraph refer to (指的是)
A．Toilets. B．Objects. C．Palaces. D．Records.
11．In which part of a magazine can we read the text
A．Art. B．History. C．Science. D．Education.
04
（2024·安徽合肥·二模）Ordering takeouts (外卖) is very popular nowadays because it is convenient. More than 60 percent of the people in China order takeout food at least twice a week. What about people living in ancient times Did they eat takeouts
In fact, there was takeout as far back as the Song Dynasty. According to history books, Emperor Xiaozong (1127-1194) , liked to order takeouts late at night. His servants (仆人)went around the city to pick up the dishes and bring them back to the palace.
Common people also ordered takeouts. Restaurant workers would go out into the streets and yell out which dishes could be ordered that day. After hearing the waiters, people could then place an order. Later, takeout workers would bring food to their homes. In the famous painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival (《清明上河图》), a takeout worker can be seen with food in hand.
People at that time even had a special meal box for takeout dishes. It was a long box which was made of wood with several layers (层). People also used warming plates made of two layers of china. Hot water could be
put between them to keep dishes warm.
12．According to the passage, takeout has a long history of about __________ years in China.
A．900 B．1000 C．1,500 D．2000
13．The underlined word “yell” probably means __________.
A．give B．find C．throw D．shout
14．From the passage we can infer (推断) that __________.
A．eating midnight food was popular in the Song Dynasty
B．every emperor in the Song Dynasty liked ordering takeouts
C．there was no need to order takeout ahead of time in ancient China
D．people used special china boxes for takeout dishes in ancient China
15．Which can be the best title for this passage
A．Takeouts in ancient China
B．The emperor who liked takeouts
C．The advantages of ordering takeouts
D．Ways to order takeouts in ancient China
05
（2024·安徽合肥·二模）
Hollywood producer and actor Tyler Perry is worried that AI will cause job losses in the movie industry.
He told “The Hollywood Reporter” website about his worries. He said, “There should be some regulations (规章) to protect us from AI. If not, we can’t survive.” He said he had plans for an $800 million movie project. But Open AI’s new text-to-video tool, Sora, made him put off his project. Sora is a new tool that can create videos up to a minute long. All the users have to do is to type a prompt (提示), and it will create a video. It can also create a video from a photo. Sora has been named after the Japanese word for sky. The New York Times said this was to show the tool’s “limitless creative potential (无限创造潜能)”. Now Tyler is waiting to see what happens with AI which will have a big influence on jobs.
Tyler said he understood how useful AI will be in film-making. However, he worries about job losses. He said, “It makes me worry so much about all of the people in the business. I immediately started thinking of everyone in the industry who would be influenced by this, including actors ... and editors (编辑).” He added, “I’m thinking this will touch every corner of our industry.”
16．In Tyler’s opinion, what might protect people from AI
A．Money. B．Regulations. C．A prompt. D．More police officers.
17．What does the word “Sora” mean in Japanese
A．sky B．win C．tiger D．movie
18．Which statement is true according to the text
A．Actors and editors won’t be influenced by AI.
B．Sora can create a video for more than a minute.
C．The New York Times has “limitless creative potential”.
D．Sora can create a video by typing a prompt or giving a photo.
06
（2024·安徽阜阳·二模）Chips, cookies and ice-cream...Many kinds of food that we like are ultra-processed (超加工). And you may be addicted to (上瘾) them, said a new study in the British Medical Journal.
What are ultra-processed foods (UPFs) In short, you can’t re-create them in your kitchen. They are usually made in factories. They have long list of additives (添加剂)—some you may never have heard of.
The study looked into 281 other studies from 36 different countries and areas. It found that UPF lovers may strongly crave such food. If they stop eating it, they can feel very sad.
Why are UPFs addictive Usually, natural foods are either high in carbohydrates (碳水化合物) or high in fat.
UPFs, however, are usually high in both. So, such foods can have more calories than natural foods.
Such foods also bring carbohydrates and fat to the gut (肠道) faster. Our body breaks down the fat from natural foods slowly. However, the body breaks down the fat in UPFs as soon as it reaches the stomach. This makes the brain create more dopamine (多巴胺). It makes you feel happier and want to eat more.
About 14 percent of adults and 12 percent of children are addicted to UPFs, said the study. They cause problems to people’s health around the world. Scientists are now calling for more attention to the UPFs.
19．What do we know about ultra-processed foods
A．They are actually not eatable.
B．We can find them in natural foods.
C．It takes a long time to cook them in kitchens.
D．They have many different kinds of additives.
20．What does the underlined word “crave” mean in the passage
A．Look for. B．Run for. C．Wish for. D．Leave for.
21．Which is the reason for UPFs being addictive
A．The gut loves the carbohydrates in UPFs more.
B．UPFs arrive at the stomach faster than natural foods.
C．People feel happy when the body makes more dopamine after eating UPFs.
D．UPFs have dopamine which can make people feel happy.
22．Which of the following do the scientists may agree
A．Eating UPFs is a good way to become happy.
B．It is hard to give up UPFs on one’s own.
C．There will be more people addicted to UPFs.
D．People should eat less UPFs for health.
07
（2024·安徽黄山·二模）As we know, there is plenty of plastic pollution on the earth. Many plastics are only used once. People throw away plenty of plastic waste each year. It will take hundreds of years to break down it. And plastics in the sea make millions of sea animals die every year.
A team of scientists made a new enzyme (酶) and it can break down plastic into smaller parts in a week, or sometimes in twenty-four hours. The enzyme is known as FAST-PETase, which is able to work on PET, a kind of plastic.
In tests, once the enzyme did its job of breaking the plastic down into smaller parts, the scientists then used the parts to make new kinds of plastic products. This means if a company is producing plastic products, they can collect the plastic waste to make new products.
What makes FAST-PETase even more special is that it can also work in different temperatures.
This means it can also work in outdoor environments and break down plastic in landfills (废物填埋场).
The team is hoping that, in the future, they will be able to use this enzyme to clean up polluted areas such as beaches, oceans, lands and so on. If tests are successful, we can see less plastic pollution in the future.
23．What can we learn about the enzyme from Paragraph 2
A．It can break down plastic in a short time.
B．It can help companies produce more plastics.
C．It can only work at a certain temperature.
D．It can only work on plastic products.
24．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 4
A．The company. B．The plastic waste.
C．The new enzyme. D．The new environment.
25．What is the best title for the passage
A．Plastic Pollution B．Fighting Against Pollution
C．A New Way of Using Plastic D．The Plastic-eating Enzyme
08
（2024·安徽蚌埠·二模）“Chinese medical teams are spreading warmth and love in Africa. I hope one day I can help others like them,” said Appiah Priscilla, an international student from Africa. She said this after learning about the great work of Chinese medical teams.
The first Chinese medical team was set up in 1962 and sent to Africa the next year. Since then, China has sent over 23 thousand team members to over 45 African countries, treating over 240 million patients. Today, Chinese medical teams are in many parts of Africa. They’re trying hard to save lives and help Africans keep healthy.
Their work is hard but meaningful. The working conditions are poor. For example, during operations, the power sometimes may go out, but the members don’t give up working. They take out their smartphones and turn on the flashlights (手电筒) to make sure the operations go on. Many places are short of doctors and nurses. Chinese medical teams not only save patients’ lives but also help train doctors and nurses. Africans are so thankful to the medical team members that they call the members “angels (天使) in white”.
With its 62-year non-stop medical help to Africa, China has helped ameliorate the health and happiness of Africans. As China and Africa work hard to build a community with a shared future, Chinese medical teams play an important role in making it.
26．When was the first Chinese medical team sent to Africa
A．In 1961. B．In 1962. C．In 1963. D．In 1964.
27．What do Chinese medical teams do in Africa besides treating patients
A．They teach people to read and write. B．They help train doctors and nurses.
C．They set up schools and universities. D．They make smartphones and flashlights.
28．What does the underlined word “ameliorate” in the last paragraph mean
A．Protect. B．Achieve. C．Examine. D．Improve.
29．What's the best title for the text
A．Chinese Angels in Africa B．How to Spread Warmth and Love
C．The Friendship between Countries D．The Medical Conditions in Africa
09
（2024·安徽合肥·二模）On October 26, 2023, China launched (发射) the Shenzhou-17 spaceship from the Jiuquan Launch Center. This marked the beginning of another important mission (任务) in space for China. The spaceship traveled to space on a rocket called Long March 2F. This launch was an event watched by many people around the world.
Shenzhou-17 had many tasks to perform in space. One of the first tasks was to connect with a space station named Tianhe. This connection allowed the astronauts to have a place to live and work in space. While in space, the astronauts did several scientific experiments (科学实验) and tested new technologies, These activities are important for exploring the space in the future.
The astronauts also went outside the space station to install (安装) some machines and do some fixing work. These space walks showed the courage and skills of the astronauts, as well as the technology of China’s space program.
After spending about six months in space, Shenzhou-17 returned to the earth on April 30, 2024. The spaceship landed successfully in a place called Dongfeng landing center. The three astronauts, Tang Hongbo, Tang Shengjie and Jiang Xinlin, were in good condition.
This successful mission is not just a milestone (里程碑) for China’s space program, but also a great progress for the world. It shows China’s development in space technology and gives hope for future space missions. China plans to continue its space missions and keep exploring of space.
30．What was one of the first tasks of the Shenzhou-17 mission
A．To do several scientific experiments.
B．To land on the moon and explore the space.
C．To connect with the space station, Tianhe.
D．To return to the earth immediately after launch.
31．What can we know from the text
A．The mission of Shenzhou-17 is not a milestone for China.
B．Shenzhou-17 spaceship spent more than six months in space.
C．Shenzhou-17 spaceship traveled on a rocket called Dongfeng.
D．Shenzhou-17 spaceship landed in the same place as it was launched.
32．What can be inferred (推断) from the text from last paragraph
A．China will reduce the number of space missions.
B．China plans to continue exploring the universe in the future.
C．China hopes to focus on space tourism (旅游业) in the future.
D．China will work with other nations to set up another space station.
10
（2024·安徽合肥·二模）Have you ever thought your personal data (数据) will be stolen when you surf online Personal data includes email addresses, phone numbers, birth dates, and even passwords (密码). What should you do when your personal data is stolen Here are some suggestions.
Change your password.
If someone gets into your account, change your password right away. Use a new password that has letters, numbers, and symbols. It’s also good to add another step when you log in (登陆), like getting a number code (数字验证码) on your phone. Also, don’t use the same password for different websites.
Keep an eye on things
It is difficult to know in time when your website data gets stolen. But you can use online tools to check if it has been stolen. Keeper Security can help you. It keeps watching on the Internet to see if your personal information shows up there.
Tell your bank at once
If your bank card information gets stolen, call your bank right away. They can watch for any strange activity and might give you a new card. This stops anyone from opening new accounts in your name.
Freeze your phone account
Nowadays, phone number is closely connected to many website accounts. So if your phone gets stolen, your
other accounts may be cracked (破解) easily. When you lose your phone, you can call telephone company. They will check your private information and freeze your account to reduce the risk.
By following these steps, you can help keep your personal information safe online.
33．Which password is more recommended if you want to change a safer password
A．123456 B．abcdef C．123abc D．123@abc!
34．When others open a new bank account in your name, what should you do
A．Change your password. B．Keep an eye on everything.
C．Tell your bank at once. D．Freeze your phone account.
35．What does “it” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．The personal data.
B．The online tool.
C．The number code.
D．The website address.
36．In which part of a newspaper can you find the text
A．Internet. B．Nature. C．Travel. D．Education.
11
（2024·安徽滁州·二模）
As a kind of traditional Chinese dress, the horse face skirt, “mamianqun” in Chinese, first appeared in the Song Dynasty and grew popular during the Ming Dynasty. The two sides of the skirt are pleated (有褶的), and there is a smooth part in the middle, commonly known as “manian”.
Mamianqun is colorful, mostly red and blue. Red means good luck and joy. According to the Han custom, women usually wore red skirts during festivals. In the Qing Dynasty, blue was also common and popular, paired with black and yellow.
Mamianqun has different kinds of patterns (图案) with different meanings. For example, loong and phoenix patterns show the love between a man and a woman or a happy marriage. And the peony (牡丹) is a symbol of wealth and honor.
Recently, mamianqun has become a popular form of skirt for hanfu fans. More and more modern fashion
designers get ideas from mamianqun. For example, some get ideas from the patterns. Some mix the styles of manianqun with T-shirts, which are more suitable for everyday wear. Even Western fashion has been influenced by mamianqun.
37．According to the text, “manian” refers to (指的是) the ________ of the skirt.
A．two sides B．smooth material C．colorful patterns D．middle part
38．What does the first paragraph mainly talk about
A．The history of mamianqun. B．The influence of mamianqun.
C．The ways of wearing mamianqun. D．The steps to make mamianqun.
39．What do loong and phoenix patterns on manianqun mean
A．Luck and joy. B．Love or marriage. C．Wealth and honor. D．Health or beauty.
40．What can we learn from the text
A．Mamianqun has also influenced Western fashion.
B．Mamianqun was first worn in the Ming Dynasty.
C．In the Han Dynasty, women always wore blue skirts during festivals.
D．Modern fashion designers get ideas from the sizes of mamianqun.
12
（2024·安徽滁州·二模）On September 7th 2023, the Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway (雅万高铁) built by China and Indonesia was put into use. It shortens (使变短) the travel time between the two cities from 3.5 hours to just 40 minutes. From September 7th to September 30th in 2023, people could ride for free. Tickets would officially go on sale in early October.
The railway is the first high-speed railway in Indonesia and even Southeast Asia. The whole railway line is built using Chinese technology and following Chinese standards. It connects Jakarta, the Indonesian capital, with Bandung, a famous tourist city. The total length of the railway is 142.3 kilometers, with a speed of 350 km/h. The railway start s in Jakarta, passes through several cities and counties and finally reaches Bandung. There are four stations along the way. Before the railway was put into use, China and Indonesia actively carried out a large number of tests. ________
The opening of the Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway will greatly improve the local traffic conditions. It will not only provide greater convenience for people along the railway, but also encourage business development and drive the growth of the tourism industry. All these will bring new chances to the local development.
The Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway also marks the entry (进入) of China’s high-speed railway into the international market.
41．How long does it take from Jakarta to Bandung
A．40 minutes. B．2 hours. C．3.5 hours. D．4 hours.
42．Which sentence can be put in ________
A．Indonesia has put a lot of effort into building it.
B．It took China and Indonesia several years to complete it.
C．Tens of thousands of Indonesian workers took part in the project.
D．This was to make sure that the railway met all the necessary conditions for safety.
43．Which question could best help us find out the main idea of Paragraph 3
A．When was the Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway put into use
B．What results will the Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway achieve
C．What effort did China and Indonesia make to complete the railway project
D．How many stations are there along the Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway
44．What’s the best title for the text
A．Tourism industry in Indonesia B．China’s high-speed railway
C．Indonesia’s first high-speed railway D．Relationships between China and Indonesia
13
（2024·安徽亳州·二模）When you think of the sea, you may not think of Xinjiang. As is known, Xinjiang is often remembered as somewhere far from the sea with long hours of sunlight, a large Gobi desert, and mountains with an especially dry climate, unsuitable for seafood production because of the large amount of water required.
However, Xinjiang now welcomes a great harvest of local “seafood”, such as shrimp and crabs. The most important thing for aquatic products (水产品) is water. Xinjiang has many rivers and lakes with water from the melting snow and glaciers (冰川) of the Tianshan Mountains. “With the mountains on the side, there is no industrial pollution and agricultural pollution, which keeps the water clean and promote the growth of the fish,” said Li Chunyu, the head technician of the local trout farm.
Also, land in Xinjiang has a lot of salt. This is not good for growing crops. But “one man’s trash is another man’s treasure”. The land makes the underground water salty. People turn the salty water into “man-made seawater”. They then use it to raise sea fish, shrimp and crabs.
Many people are worried about the safety of seafood because of the nuclear-contaminated water (核污染水). Some even feel desperate (绝望的) since they may no longer enjoy any seafood. Luckily, according to the Department of Agriculture, in 2022, the total output value of Xinjiang’s fishery industry reached 4. 2 billion yuan ($580 million), an increase of 921 million yuan compared to 2019. Now, some of Xinjiang’s “seafood” goes to many cities in China. It also goes to countries in Southeast Asia. It turns out that Xinjiang’s “seafood” is becoming a new and favorable (有利的) choice for seafood lovers.
45．Why does the writer introduce Xinjiang in this way in Paragraph 1
A．To introduce the climate and location of Xinjiang.
B．To lead in the real situation of local “seafood” in Xinjiang.
C．To describe the seafood industry in China.
D．To explain the reason why Xinjiang has poor seafood production.
46．Which word can replace the underlined word “trash” in Paragraph 3
A．Wealth. B．Pleasure. C．Litter. D．Property.
47．Which of the following makes it possible to raise sea fish in Xinjiang
①water from melting snow and glaciers ②the sea water from the underground
③the salt in the land ④less pollution
A．①②③ B．①③④ C．②③④ D．①②④
48．What can we know from the last paragraph
A．Xinjiang’s seafood industry is developing better.
B．People are pleased with the current safety of seafood.
C．Xinjiang’s “seafood’ remains to be the only choice for seafood lovers.
D．There are many different types of seafood for people to choose.
14
（2024·安徽合肥·二模）① Have you heard of China’s Tiangong space station How much do you know about the lives of astronauts working in the space station Come along and find out!
② For astronauts in space, exercise is important. The environment is very different in space. Doing sports can help astronauts stay healthy. How do they exercise There is a bike to keep fit, a running machine, and other fitness equipment in the space station. The equipment makes it easy for astronauts to exercise.
③ Astronauts live in a weightless environment, so they can’t take showers like we do on the earth. Is there a
bathroom in the space station How do they keep themselves clean Don’t worry! Tiangong has a special bathroom. Astronauts can wipe themselves clean with a wet towel (毛巾).
④ What do astronauts eat in the space station There is bread and porridge for breakfast. There are also traditional Chinese dishes, like Kung Pao Chicken, fried rice and fried noodles with sliced pork. The re is a special “fridge” to store the food. It’s made of “aerogel (气凝胶)”. The food stays cool in it.
⑤ What if astronauts miss their family There is special communication equipment in the station. Astronauts can have personal “sky-to-earth” calls with their family. Usually, the astronauts wear earphones. It not only helps them talk with each other, but also allows them to talk to the ground from any poison.
⑥ What do you think of the lives of the astronauts
49．How does the writer lead into the topic in Paragraph 1
A．By using sayings B．By listing numbers.
C．By asking questions. D．By giving examples.
50．What does the underlined phrase “fitness equipment” probably mean in Paragraph 2
A．Things for exercising. B．Things for keeping food.
C．Things for communicating. D．Things for keeping clean.
51．Which is the best structure of the text (①=Paragraph 1 ②-Paragraph 2,…)
A． B． C． D．
52．In which part of a magazine can we read the text
A．Food. B．Science. C．Medicine. D．Trade.
15
（2024·安徽合肥·二模）“For thousands of years, humans have raced to be the first … Now, in some cases, we’re racing to be the last.” said The New York Times’ Paige McClanahan. This is the spirit at the heart of last-chance tourism, a rising industry.
Last-chance tourism is about seeing the last of something, that’s to say, visiting places before they disappear. Rising temperature and water levels mean that we may never get another chance to see certain islands, glaciers (冰川), animals, and so on before they disappear.
This may sound sad, but some people are using last-chance tourism as a way to spread environmental
awareness. One example is “the Sea of Ice” in Chamonix, France. The Chamonix ski resort (度假村) opened a glacier museum in 2012. There tourists can learn about glaciers and how climate change influences places like “the Sea of Ice”. This effort seems to have an effect. A 2020 survey showed that 80 percent of visitors would “try to learn more about the environment and how to protect it”.
Although it has these advantages, last-chance tourism may also be speeding up the effects of climate change. As more people rush to endangered natural places, they create a bigger and bigger carbon (碳) footprint, leading to the destruction of these places in the end.
At the end of the day, it’s not just about understanding the need to stop climate change; it’s even more important to avoid making it more terrible.
53．What’s last-chance tourism
A．Being the last to see a place. B．Visiting places before they disappear.
C．Traveling to certain islands. D．Seeing some famous natural places.
54．How did the Chamonix ski resort help spread awareness about the environment
A．By opening a glacier museum. B．By offering free skiing training.
C．By listing endangered animals. D．By creating a big carbon footprint.
55．What does the underlined word “destruction” in Paragraph 4 mean
A．Business. B．Discovery. C．Magic. D．Harm.
56．What’s the purpose of the text
A．To show the importance of racing. B．To spread knowledge about glaciers.
C．To introduce a rising industry. D．To tell the effects of climate changes.
