渑池县第二高级中学2023-2024学年高一下学期4月期中考试英语试卷(含解析)
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| 名称 | 渑池县第二高级中学2023-2024学年高一下学期4月期中考试英语试卷(含解析) |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-06-04 22:49:31 | ||
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渑池县第二高级中学2023-2024学年高一下学期4月期中考试英语试卷
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
The greater Rochester area is filled with opportunities to study and perform music in the summer!
Roberts Community School
Roberts Community Music School has exciting summer musical opportunities for families on the west side of Rochester. It offers two 7-week Early Childhood Classes, Piano Discoveries, and a Ukulele Choir. Lessons are available (可获得的) for piano, voice, stringed instruments, and woodwind & brass (铜管乐器).
School of Rock—Rochester
With camp choices for all ages and skill levels, School of Rock is the perfect summer activity for your child. Our summer music camps are performance-based, meaning students learn to play by performing together in a fun environment. From beginner camps to songwriting and themed camps, wed offer a wide variety of options to ensure your child has an amazing musical experience. Our goal is to prepare teens for live performances on stage.
Eastman Community Music School
The Eastman Community Music School offers different day programs and overnight music camps this summer for middle and high school students, including Adventure Music Camp for Middle Schoolers, Summer Jazz Studies for High School Students, Baroque workshops, and New Horizons Orchestra Camp. Private lessons are also available of all ages, levels, instruments or voice.
Bach to Rock Music School
Bach to Rock’s Music Camps run each week all summer long for all ages and levels! Our camps are designed for students to work with our highly experienced teachers to learn how to play their instrument of choice, develop a band, learn to play songs they love, and have the opportunity to write and create their music. Each weekly camp ends with an opportunity to record in our studio! Full or half-day camps are available. No experience is necessary.
1．Which school’s programs are designed to get students on stage performing
A. Roberts Community School. B. School of Rock—Rochester.
C. Eastman Community Music School. D. Bach to Rock Music School.
2．What is special about Bach to Rock Music Camps
A. They offer overnight camps. B. They require related experience.
C. They offer chances to perform in a TV station. D. They can train different kinds of musical skills.
3．What’s the purpose of the text
A. To compare four music schools. B. To encourage students to be music stars.
C. To introduce some music summer camps. D. To show the music resources in Rochester.
Felix “Andarin” Carvajal was a born runner. As a boy, he spent his childhood running up and down nearby hills. Years later, as a postman, Carvajal became well-known in the city of Havana, and finally, he began to put his fame to use for donations, so he might represent Cuba as a marathon runner at the 1904 Summer Olympics in St. Louis, Missouri. At the time, there was no state support for Olympic athletes in Cuba.
But even with the money, Carvajal nearly didn’t make it there. His journey to the Games took him first to New Orleans, where he lost all the money he had saved up for the trip. In a foreign city, Carvajal began to walk north up along the Mississippi River to St. Louis. It was hundreds of miles, but between walking and hitching (搭便车) rides, he was able to reach St. Louis in time for his event.
It was August in St. Louis and Carvajal stood in the staging area, hungry and out of shape and tired. Carvajal took off to a commanding early lead despite the fact that he had not eaten for two days. Carvajal had never particularly believed in pacing himself. Carvajal was mostly self-trained and his ideas about running had always been straightforward: to run far and run fast and run until you can’t go anymore. But 26.2 miles is a long distance. Carvajal was reported to have picked and eaten five green apples while running and became badly ill with a stomachache. Miraculously, Carvajal managed to return to the race and finish in fourth place.
The 1904 Olympics was the peak of Carvajal’s international career. But he remained a runner for the rest of his life. At 55 years old, Carvajal ran the entire length of Cuba along the country’s main highway, a distance of nearly 700 miles. Toward the end of his life, he performed a short running demonstration (演示). “This is to show you that I still run.” he told the crowd.
4．What did Carvajal use his fame to do
A. Get a job as a postman.
B. Inspire more people to run.
C. Support professional athletes in Cuba.
D. Raise money for his trip to the Olympics.
5．What happened to Carvajal according to paragraph 2
A. He lost all his money.
B. He got lost in a foreign city.
C. He traveled round New Orleans.
D. He walked to the Mississippi River.
6．What did Carvajal believe in
A. Keeping pace with most runners.
B. Running fast from the beginning.
C. Speeding up in the middle of a race.
D. Running at an average speed all through a race.
7．Which of the following words can best describe Carvajal
A. A man devoted to charity.
B. A runner born for medals.
C. An Olympic athlete always in need.
D. A man always on the move.
A new study has found that many drivers using driver assistance (辅助) tools often treat their vehicles like they are fully self-driving. The study warns that drivers who put too much trust in driver assistance technologies are putting themselves at risk for serious accidents.
The research involved drivers of three vehicles that offer advanced driver assistance systems. Each vehicle came from one of three companies: Cadillac, Nissan / Infiniti and Tesla.
The study was led by the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS), a nonprofit group. The group carries out research and crash tests and seeks to persuade car makers to design safer vehicles.
Cadillac’s driver assistance tool is called Super Cruise. The study found that 53 percent of active users of that system said “they were comfortable treating their vehicles as fully self-driving.” Tesla’s driver assistance system is called Autopilot.
The results come even as car makers have repeatedly warned drivers that they must never fully depend on driver assistance for full operation of the vehicle. Users are asked to be fully prepared to regulate driving at any time. There have also been highly publicized accidents involving cars with driver assistance programming.
Both Super Cruise and Autopilot have a feature that the vehicle’s advanced driver assistance system will be turned off if users do not appear to be attentive while driving. The study found that about 40 percent of the users of Autopilot and Super Cruise reported the systems had at some point turned off while they were driving and would not reactivate.
The study comes as the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) examines a series of crashes involving Tesla’s Autopilot. Since 2016, the NHTSA has opened 37 special investigations (调查) into 18 crash deaths involving Tesla vehicles where systems like Autopilot were suspected of use.
Tesla has said that Autopilot is meant for use with a fully careful driver who is prepared to take control of vehicle operation. General Motors, which produces Cadillac models, said it “believes driver engagement is very important.”
8．What’s the problem with some drivers according to the study
A. They drive with too much tension.
B. They refuse to accept high technology.
C. They rely too much on driver assistance tools.
D. They have caused many traffic accidents.
9．What’s the purpose of IIHS’ research
A. To watch over car making in the world.
B. To develop advanced vehicle technology.
C. To judge various cars based on their quality.
D. To push car makers to improve vehicle safety.
10．What does the underlined word “regulate” mean in paragraph 5
A. Enjoy. B. Stop. C. Control. D. Ignore.
11．What do Tesla and General Motors have in common according to the last paragraph
A. They praised their self-driving technology.
B. They stressed the importance of human driving.
C. They admitted the disadvantages of self-driving.
D. They promised to improve their self-driving technology.
Loss of slow-wave sleep as you age may increase your risk of developing dementia (痴呆), according to a new study.
“We found that aging was associated with a decline in the amount of the deepest stages of sleep, known as slow-wave sleep. We then found that people with greater declines in slow-wave sleep over time had a higher risk of getting dementia over the next 17 years of follow-up,” said Matthew Pase, senior author of the study.
Slow-wave sleep is the third and fourth stages of sleep, which is important for brain health. During this stage, the body removes unwanted or harmful materials from the brain. “For the brain, this deep sleep is thought to be the most restorative(有助于复原的),” said Dr Richard Isaacson, who wasn’t involved in the study.
The researchers wanted to know whether chronic (慢性的) reductions in slow-wave sleep over time are linked to dementia risk in humans and whether dementia-related processes in the brain may contribute to getting less of this type of sleep. They studied 346 people with an average age of 69 and completed two overnight sleep studies—one between 1995 and 1998 and the second between 1998 and 2001—during which their sleep was monitored(监视；监控). The researchers also investigated whether any change in the amount of slow-wave sleep that participants got was associated with developing dementia up to 17 years after they completed the sleep studies. By that time, 52 participants had been diagnosed with dementia. Each percentage decrease in slow-wave sleep per year was linked to a 27 percent increased risk of developing dementia. The rate of slow-wave sleep loss accelerated (加速) from age 60, peaked from ages 75 to 80and slowed afterwards.
“This is an important study yet again showing the impact of quality of sleep on a person’s risk of cognitive decline and dementia,” Isaacson said. “It’s important to not only pay attention to the total amount of sleep a person gets each night, but also monitor sleep quality as best as possible.”
12．What can we learn from the new study
A. The older you are, the less sleep you will have.
B.Slow-wave sleep has been linked to the risk of dementia.
C. The rate of slow-wave sleep loss keeps going up with age.
D. The amount of sleep has an impact on the risk of dementia.
13．How did researchers get what they wanted
A. By making a comparison. B. By introducing a concept.
C. By referring to another study. D. By making a survey.
14．What did Dr Richard Isaacson suggest
A. Sleep quality needs more attention.
B. We should have enough sleep.
C. The elderly should sleep more than the young.
D. The amount of sleep is more important than sleep quality.
15．In which section of a newspaper may this text appear
A. Sports. B. Health. C. Education. D. Environment.
二、七选五
16．It happens from time to time that after a whole morning of studying, you are tired in the afternoon. It is then that you may want to eat something sweet, perhaps a sweet drink or a chocolate bar to lift your mood. 36
But a study suggests that sugar can make you feel worse rather than lift your mood. The German and UK researchers collected data from 31 studies involving nearly 1,300 adults. 37 Those emotions include anger, alertness, depression and tiredness. They found that people who have too much sugar become more tired and less alert within an hour, and that these feelings become more intense over time.
According to researchers, when people take in sugar, their blood sugar levels rise rapidly, leading to a burst of energy and a short “feel good” period. However, as they begin to digest the sugar, their blood sugar levels decrease quickly, leading to a bad feeling. 38 As with caffeine, this prevents the body from relaxing, leaving people being tired and less alert.
39 According to WHO, it is healthy to have the sugars found naturally in fruit, vegetables and milk, so long as they make up less than 5 percent of our daily total energy intake.
So the next time you feel tired and can’t concentrate on study and work, perhaps you should think twice before you bite into a chocolate bar. There are still other ways to relieve tiredness. 40
A. Maybe a little exercise at midday is a better idea.
B. So cutting sweet food out of the diet is a good choice.
C. They studied the effect of sugar on some aspects of mood.
D. After all, it’s believed that a “sugar rush” gives you energy.
E. Sugar in any form is not necessarily good for the human body.
F. But the result of the study doesn’t mean giving up sweet food altogether.
G. To remain on a “high”, people may eat more sugar until they become addicted to it.
三、完形填空（15空）
After bringing up three children, Barthorpe decided to do something for herself. She planned to 41 herself by learning to ride a motorcycle at the age of 60. After passing her driving test, she soon 42 on her first solo (单独的) ride. She remembered the 43 of being on the road alone for the first time.
Although Barthorpe preferred riding solo, she contacted the Women’s International Motorcycle Association (WIMA) in the hope of 44 it. It was the connection with the WIMA that led her to a(n) 45 — the Women Riders World Relay. The plan was to pass a baton (接力棒), rider to rider, all around the world. That was a test of the riders’ courage and 46 . But just after Barthorpe took on the role, she 47 fell down and got injured. She spent several months in hospital. However, Barthorpe didn’t see it as a 48 experience. She knew that she must pay much attention to 49 first. Getting on a motoreycle again was 50 , but Barthorpe took extra training and 51 a lot. And she pushed herself to take part in the race in Australia. Barthorpe then realized that it was normal to 52 and rise to it, which offered an opportunity to grow.
What attracts Barthorpe most to a motorcycle is the 53 . “I can go anywhere I want and any time I like,” she said. “The kids said to me, ‘Mum, you seem to have turned into a 54 teenager.’ I just told them, ‘No, I’ve just found the field where I can see my 55 .’”
17．A. protect B. express C. challenge D. educate
18．A. set out B. caught up C. calmed down D. showed off
19．A. duty B. excitement C. risk D. struggle
20．A. interviewing B. encouraging C. impressing D. joining
21．A. lesson B. record C. adventure D. experiment
22．A. teamwork B. friendship C. understanding D. memory
23．A. slowly B. strangely C. purposely D. accidentally
24．A. discouraging B. common C. practical D. pleasant
25．A. honor B. safety C. experience D. interest
26．A. doubtful B. peaceful C. stressful D. meaningful
27．A. lost B. expected C. noticed D. improved
28．A. fail B. recover C. wait D. reply
29．A. performance B. competition C.freedom D.independence
30．A. careful B. friendly C. serious D. brave
31． A. choice B. value C. habit D. effort
四、短文填空
32．Success means different things for different people. Some may equate it with fame, some with wealth and still some with accomplishments. For me, it means 56 (realize ) one’s dreams. Whatever your dreams are, you have a goal there and then devote 57 (you) to it. Dreams bring you hope and happiness. In the process of struggling for it, you cry, sweat, complain or even curse, but the joy of harvesting 58 (make) you forget all the pains and troubles you have gone through. So an old proverb says that the 59 (sweet) fruit is one that has undergone（经历）the bitterest experience.
There are several keys 60 success. First of all, your goal must be 61 (practice). It is well known that if you set your goal 62 (extreme) high, you will not attain it. Next, you have to make __63 detailed plan of doing it. You can take some 64 (step) to realize it. Since the process is quite tough, you need to be diligent, patient and persevering. Faced with some difficulties or frustrations, 65 you may meet with in the process, don’t lose heart. You should repeat over and over that there is nothing you can’t overcome. With this will and determination, success is sure to wait for you at the end of the tunnel!
五、书面表达
33．假定你是李华，上周日你校举办了主题为“Know more about China”的英语演讲比赛。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1.时间和地点；2.比赛的过程；3.比赛的意义。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
An English Speech Contest
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
六、读后续写
34．It was Tamika’s turn to tell her class where she went this summer. She stood up proudly. “This summer I went to Bradley,” Tamika announced. “They have a big market there. My mom bought a painting and I got second-hand inline（直排轮滑的） skates. We had a great time there. ”
“That’s not a trip,” Jeremy whispered loudly to his partner. “It’s only half an hour from here. My dad and I often go to Bradley to buy tools for his repair shop.”
“Jeremy, no interrupting,” said Miss Snowdent, their teacher. “And Bradley has a fine market. I’m glad that Tamika can tell us about it. Go ahead, Tamika.” Miss Snowden smiled warmly at her, encouraging her to continue.
But Tamika didn’t feel proud of her family’s trip to Bradley any more and she just felt embarrassed. Tamika dropped her head and said in a low voice that she was finished, and then hurried back to her desk. She hoped that the other kids didn’t notice her face turning red.
Tamika listened as Peter talked about his cruise（乘船游览）to Jamaical. She heard about Mary’s trip across the Atlantic to Ireland. She heard about John’s horseback ride through the Grand Canyon. It seemed as if everyone but her had taken a big trip over the summer. “I never get to go anywhere. ” Tamika thought to herself. A sense of sadness clouded her the whole day.
After school things got worse. One of the wheels on Tamika’s skates came loose. Now she couldn’t even skate. Sitting on the sidewalk, Tamika tried to fix her wheel but did not know how. Then Miss Snowden happened to pass by. She walked up with a smile on her face, asking. “You look unhappy, Tamika. Why are you sitting here ” Tamika lowered her head, tears building up inside her eyes. “Want to talk about it ” Miss Snowden asked kindly. Tamika nodded, trying to avoid Miss Snowden’s eyes! Bending（弯曲）down, Miss Snowden said in a whisper（耳语，低语）: “You know, Tamika, actually we don’t always have to travel far to learn anything.” Tamika looked up with watering eyes and wondered what Miss Snowden meant.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Right at this moment, Jeremy was walking by and saw them. _______________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
“Yes. I can fix it,” Jeremy said with confidence. _________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据School of Rock Rochester部分中“Our goal is to prepare teens for live performances on stage.(我们的目标是让青少年为舞台上的现场表演做好准备)”可知，这个学校的夏令营专注于学生的舞台表演。故选B。
2．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据Bach to Rock Music School部分中“Our camps are designed for students towork with our highly experienced teachers to learn howto play their instrument of choice, develop a band, learnto play songs they love, and have the opportunity to write and create their music.(我们的夏令营是为学生设计的，让他们与经验丰富的老师一起学习如何演奏他们选择的乐器，组建乐队，学习演奏他们喜欢的歌曲，并有机会创作自己的音乐)”可知，巴赫摇滚夏令营专注于培训学生不同的音乐技能。故选D.
3．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“The greater Rochester area is filled with opportunities to study and perform music in the summer!(在夏天，大罗切斯特地区充满了学习和表演音乐的机会!)”并结合四个音乐学校的介绍可知，本文的目的是介绍与音乐有关的夏令营。故选C。
4．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的he began to put his fame to use for donations , so he might represent Cuba as a marathon runner at the 1904 summer 0lympics in St. Louis, Missouri 知卡瓦哈尔出名后,利用自己的名声为自己能代表古巴参加1904年夏季奥林匹克运动会筹集捐款。故选D项。
5．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的His journey to the Games took him first to New Orleans, where .he lost all the money he had saved up for the trip.可知,在去参加奥运会的途中,他首先去了新奥尔良,在那里他丢了为这次旅行积攒的所有钱故选A项。
6．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的He was mostly self-trained and his ideas about running had all way 、been straightforward: to run far and run fast and run until you can't go anymore.可知在卡瓦哈尔看来,跑步就是跑得远,跑得快,跑到你再也跑不动为止,即他认为从一开始就要跑得快。故选B项。
7．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。综观全文,文章一开始提到天生爱跑步的卡瓦哈尔在成名后,利用自己的名声为自己能代表古巴参加1904年夏季奥林匹克运动会筹集捐款。随后提到他在奥运会上获得了第四名的成绩,这成为他运动生涯的巅峰此后在他的余生中,他一直是一名跑步者。55岁时,卡瓦哈尔跑完了整个古巴,直至他生命的最后,他依旧作了一个简短的跑步演示,以此告诉人们,他还在坚持跑步,所以可以说卡瓦哈尔是个一直在跑步的人。故选D项。
8．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“A new study has found that many drivers using driver assistance (辅助) tools often treat thei1 vehicles like they are fully self-driving. The study warns that drivers who put too much trust in driver assistance technologies are putting themselves at risk for serious accidents(一项新的研究发现，许多使用驾驶辅助工具的司机经常把他们的车辆当作完全自动驾驶的。该研究警告说，过于信任驾驶辅助技术的司机将自己置于严重事故的危险之中)”可知，根据这项研究，一些司机过于依赖驾驶辅助工具。故选C。
9．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“The study was led by the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (llHS), a nonprofit group. The group carries out research and crash tests and seeks to persuade car makers to design safe1 vehicles.(这项研究是由非营利组织公路安全保险协会(IIHS)领导的。该组织进行研究和碰撞测试，并试图说服汽车制造商设计更安全的汽车)”可知，IIHS研究的目的是推动汽车制造商提高汽车安全性。故选D。
10．答案：C
解析：词句猜测题。根据划线词上The results come even as car makers have repeatedly warmed drivers that they must never fully depend on driver assistance for full operation of the vehicle.(尽管汽车制造商一再提醒驾驶员，他们绝不能完全依赖驾驶员辅助来实现车辆的全面操作，但上述结果还是出炉了)”以及后文“There have also been highly publicized accidents involving cars with driver assistance programming.(也有一些高度公开的事故涉及安装了驾驶员辅助程序的汽车)”可知，上文说明汽车制造商一再提醒驾驶员，他们绝不能完全依赖驾驶员辅助来实现车辆的全面操作，后文则提到了一些高度公开的事故涉及安装了驾驶员辅助程序的汽车，说明用户被要求随时做好控制驾驶的充分准备。由此可知，划线词意思是“控制”。故选C。
11．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“Tesla has said that Autopilot is meant for use with a fully careful driver who is prepared to take control of vehicle operation. General Motors which produces Cadillac models. said it believes driver engagement is very important.”(特斯拉表示，自动驾驶仪是为一个非常谨慎的司机使用的，他准备好控制车辆的运行。生产凯迪拉克车型的通用汽车表示，它“相信驾驶员的参与非常重要”)”可知，特斯拉和通用汽车的共同之处都强调人类驾驶的重要性。故选B。
12．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“Loss of slow- wave sleep as you age may increase your risk of
developing dementia (果), according to a new study(新研究发现，随着年龄增长，慢波睡眠时间的减少可能会增加患痴呆症的风险)”可知，慢波睡眠与患痴呆症的风险有关。故选B。
13．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“They studied 346 people with an average age of 69 and completed two overnight sleep studies one between 1995 and 1998 and the second between 1998 and 2001-during which their sleep was monitored. The researchers also investigated whether any change in the amount of slow wave sleep that participants got was associated with developing dementia up to 17 years after they completed the sleep studies.(研究人员调查了平均年龄69岁的346个人，并且分别在1995年至1998年间以及1998年至2001年间完成了两项夜间睡眠研究，在这期间对他们的睡眠进行了监测。研究人员还调查了参与者慢波睡眠时间的任何变化是否与完成睡眠研究17年后患痴呆症有关)”可知，研究人员是通过做调查的方式得到他们想要的。故选D。
14．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段““This is an important study yet again showing the impact of quality of sleep on a person's risk of cognitive decline and dementia,” Isaacson said. “It's important to not only pay attention to the total amount of sleep a person gets eacl night, but also monitor sleep quality as best as possible.”(“这项重要研究再次表明了睡眠质量对于-个人患上认知衰退和痴呆症风险的影响。”艾萨克森表示:“我们不光要注意一个人每夜睡眠的总时长，也要尽可能监测睡眠质量。”)”可知，Richard Isaacson的建议是要多关注睡眠质量。故选A。
15．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“Loss of slow wave sleep as you age may increase your risk of developing dementia(痴呆), according to a new study(新研究发现，随着年龄增长，慢波睡眠时间的减少可能会增加患痴呆症的风险)”可知，这是与健康有关的研究，所以这篇文章很有可能出现在报纸上的“健康”板块。故选B。
16．答案：DCGFA
解析：①D上文“it is then that you may want to eat something sweet, perhaps a sweet drink or a chocolate bar to lift your mood.(那时你可能想要吃一些甜的东西，也许是一杯甜饮料或一块巧克力来提升你的情绪)”说明你可能会想要吃甜的东西来提升情绪，D项“毕竟，人们相信“甜蜜冲刺”会给你能量。”说明人们想要吃甜的东西的原因，承接上文，符合题意。故选D。
②C上文“The German and UK researchers collected data from 31 studies involving nearly 1,300adults.(德国和英国的研究人员从包括近1300名成年人的31项研究中收集了数据)”说明研究人员收集了很多数据，以及下文“Those emotions include anger, alertness, depression and tiredness.(这些情绪包括愤怒、警觉、沮丧和疲惫)”说明其中包括一些消极的情绪，C项中They指代上文中的The German and UK researchers，C项“他中的The German and UK researchers ,C项“他们研究了糖对情绪某些方面的影响。"承上启下，符合题意。故选C。
③G上文“However, as they begin to digest the sugar, their blood sugar levels decrease quickly, leading to a bad feeling.(然而，当他们开始消化糖时，他们的血糖水平会迅速下降，导致一种糟糕的感觉)”说明人们消化糖时，血糖下降会导致不好的感觉，G项“为了保持“高”，人们可能会吃更多的糖，直到上瘾。"说明人们对于上文出现的情况采取的应对措施，承接上文，符合题意。故选G。
④F下文“According to WHO, it is healthy to have the sugars found naturally in fruit, vegetables and milk, so long as they make up less than 5 percent of our daily total energy intake.(据世界卫生组织称，水果、蔬菜和牛奶中的天然糖分是健康的，只要它们占我们每日总能量摄入的比例不到5%)”说明适量摄入天然糖分是健康的，F项“但研究结果并不意味着完全放弃甜食。”建议不要完全放弃甜食，引出下文，符合题意。故选F。
⑤A上文“There are still other ways to relieve tiredness.(还有其他缓解疲劳的方法)”说明缓解疲劳还有其他方法，A项“也许中午做点运动是个好主意。"举例说明了缓解疲劳的方法，承接上文，符合题意。故选A。
17．答案：C
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.protect保护;B.express表达;C.challenge挑战;D.educate教育。句意:她计划在60岁时学习骑摩托车来挑战自己。根据下文by learning to ride a motorcycle at the age of60.可知，60岁时学习骑摩托车是对自己的挑战。故选C。
18．答案：A
解析：考查动词短语及语境理解。A.set out出发;B.caught up追赶;C.calmed down冷静;D.showed off炫耀。句意:通过驾驶考试后，她很快就开始了她的第一次单人驾驶。根据空前After passing her driving test, she soon 以及空后的"her first solo (单独的)ride可知，通过驾驶考试后，她开始了第一次单人驾驶。故选A。
19．答案：B
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.duty职责;B.excitement兴奋;C.hesitation犹豫;D.struggle奋斗。句意:她还记得第一次独自上路时的兴奋。根据上文After bringing up three children, Bart horpe decided to do something for herself. She planned to (1)herself by learning to ride a motorcycle at the age of 60.可知，骑摩托车是她一直想做的事情;由此可推测，第一次独自上路时，她应该是感到兴奋。故选B。
20．答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.interviewing采访，面试;B.encouraging鼓励;C.impressing令人印象深刻;D.joining加入。句意:尽管Barthorpe更喜欢独自骑行，但她还是联系了国际女子摩托车协会(WIMA)，希望加入该协会。根据上文she contacted the Women's International Motorcycle Association (WMA) in the hope of 以及下文她得到的任务可知，她是希望加入该协会。故选D。
21．答案：C
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.lesson课程，教训;B.record记录;C.adventure冒险，探险;Dexperiment实验。句意:正是与WIMA的联系，让她开始了一场冒险--女骑手世界接力赛。根据下文The plan was to pass a baton (接力棒)，rider to rider, all around the world. That was a test of the riders 'courage and (6)可知，这对于她这个新手而言是一场冒险。故选G
22．答案：A
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.teamwork合作;B.friendship友谊;C.understanding理解;D.memory记忆。句意:这是对骑手们的勇气和团队精神的考验。根据上文The plan was to passabaton(接力棒)，rider to rider，all around the world可知，这项任务需要一棒棒传递下去，所以是对团队合作的考验。故选A。
23．答案：D
解析：考查副词及语境理解。A.slowly缓慢地;Bstrangely奇怪地;C.purposely故意地;D.accidentally意外地。句意:就在Barthorpe接下这个角色后，她意外摔倒受伤了。根据空后down and got injured. She spent several months in hospita1.以及她康复后继续参加可知，她是意外摔倒受伤的。故选D。
24．答案：A
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.discouraging令人沮丧的;B.common普通的;C.practical实用的;D.pleasant舒适的。句意:然而，Barthorpe并不认为这是一次令人沮丧的经历。根据常理可知，此时摔倒受伤是令人沮丧的;而根据段首"However“以及下文她的感触可知，她并不认为这件事令人沮丧。故选A。
25．答案：B
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.honor荣耀;B.safety安全;C.experience经历，经验;D.interest兴趣。句意:她知道她必须把安全放在第一位。根据上文But just after Barthorpe took on the role, she (7)fell down and got injured可知,刚接手任务不久，她就受伤了，所以她由此应该开始重视安全。故选B。
26．答案：C
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.doubtful怀疑的;B.peaceful平和的:C.stressful有压力的;D.harmful有害的。句意:再次骑上摩托车是一件压力很大的事情，但Barthorpe接受了额外的训练，进步了很多。根据上文可知，她不小心受伤了，由此可知，当她恢复后，再次骑摩托车从心理上来说是有压力的。故选C。
27．答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.lost失去;B.expected期待;C.noticed注意;D.improved提升。句意:再次骑上摩托车是一件压力很大的事情，但Barthorpe接受了额外的训练，进步了很多。根据上文Barthorpe didn't see it as a可知，得到训练后，她应该是进步了很多。故选D。
28．答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.fail失败;B.recover恢复;C.wait等待;D.reply回复。意:Barthorpe后来意识到，失败是正常的，并勇于面对失败，这提供了一个成长的机会。根据上文内容以及空后的rise to it, which offered an opportunity to grow.可知，Barthorpe意识到失败是很正常的，因为失败可以让我们成长。故选A。
29．答案：C
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.performance表现;B.competition竞争;C.freedom自由;D.independence独立。句意:最吸引Barthorpe的是摩托车的自由。根据下文l can go anywhere l want and any time l like," she said."可知，对她而言，骑摩托车是自由的，可以随时去自己想去的地方。故选C。
30．答案：D
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.careful仔细的，谨慎的;B.friendly友好的;C.serious严重的;D.brave勇敢的。句意:"孩子们对我说，"妈妈，你似乎变成了一个勇敢的少女。"我只是告诉他们，不，我只是找到了一个能让我看到自己价值的领域。"根据全文内容以及空后的"teenager"可知，60岁时Barthorpe学习骑摩托车，之后参加比赛，孩子们是认为妈妈似乎变成了一个勇敢的少女。故选D。
31．答案：B
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.choice选择;B.value价值;C.habit习惯;D.effort努力。句意:"孩子们对我说，"妈妈，你似乎变成了一个勇敢的少年。"我只是告诉他们，不，我只是找到了一个能让我看到自己价值的领域。"根据上文After bringing up three children, Barthorpe decided to do something for herself.以及全文内容可知，Barthorpe认为骑摩托车可以看到自己的价值所在。故选B。
32．答案：① realizing② yourself③ makes④ sweetest⑤ to⑥ practical⑦ extremely⑧ a⑨ steps⑩ which
解析：① realizing考查非谓语动词。句意:对我来说，它意味着实现一个人的梦想。非谓语动词担当动词“mean”的宾语，用动名词形式，构成固定搭配:mean doing sth.，意为:意味着.…。故填realizing..
② yourself考核固定搭配。句意:无论你的梦想是什么，你都有一个目标，然后全身心投入。固定搭配:devote oneself to，意为“全身心投入……”。故填yourself
③ makes考查时态和主识一致。句意:梦想带给你希望和幸福。在为它奋斗的过程中，你哭泣流汗，抱怨甚至诅咒，但收获的喜悦让你忘记了所有你经历过的痛苦和烦恼。这里为并列句的谓语动词，根据上文的时态可知，本句时态为一般现在时;主语为“the joy of harvesting”单数，调语动词用第二人称单数形式。故填makes
④ sweetest考查最高级。句意:所以一句古老的谚语说，最甜蜜的果实是经历了最痛苦的经历的果实。根据空后“the bitterest experience”可推断，空处为最高级。故填sweetest.
⑤ to考查固定搭配。句意:成功有几个关键。固定搭配:the key to，意为:……的关键。故填同。
⑥ practical考查形容词。句意:首先，你的目标必须切实可行。分析子成分可知，空处为形容词担当表语。故填practical。
⑦ extremely考查副词。句意:众所周知,如果你把目标定得太高,你是无法实现的。修饰形容词“high用副词形式。故填extremely.
⑧ a考查冠词。句意:接下来，你必须制定一个详细的计划。修饰单数可数名词plan，表泛指，用不定冠词，且 detailed 的发音是辅音音素开头。故填a。
⑨ steps考查名词的数。句意:你可以采取一些步骤来实现它。step“步骤"是可数名词，根据窄前的some 可知，空处为可数名词的复数形式。故填steps
⑩ which考查定语从句。句意:而对一些你可能会在这个过程中遇到的困难或挫折，不要灰心这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“some difficulties or fustrations”，在非限制性定语从句中担当宾语，用关系代词which引导。故填which
33．答案：
An English Speech Contest
An English speech contest whose topic was Know More about China was held in our school hall last Sunday.
Before the contest, colorful performances given by students were more than attractive. The contest consisted of three rounds. Many competitors made their speeches smoothly, and showed the audiences their talent and confidence.
Through the activity, the students have learned a lot. Not only have they improved their spoken English, but they also enjoyed the process of the contest and got a sense of achievement. The students learned more about our motherland, and they felt proud of being Chinese people.
解析：结构:总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求:
1时间和地点;
2.比赛的过程:
3.比赛的意义。
第二步:列提纲(重点词组)English speech contest: more than attractive: contest: performance: consist of, competitor. smoothly; confidence; not only...but also...; spoken English; a sense of achievement; feel proud of
第三步:连词成句1. An English speech contest whose topic was Know More about China was held in our school hall last Sunday.
2. Before the contest, colorful performances given by students were more than
3. The contest consisted of three rounds.
4. Many competitors made their speeches smoothly, and showed the audiences their talent and
confidence.
5. Through the activity, the students have learned a lot.
6. Not only have they improved their spoken English, but they also enjoyed the process of the
contest and got a sense of achievement.
7. The students learned more about our motherland, and they felt proud of being Chinese people根据提示及关键词(组)进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步:连句成篇(衔接词)
表并列补充关系:not only...but also..
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【高分句型 1】An English speech contest whose topic was Know More about China was
held in our school hall last Sunday.(运用了whose 引导定语从句)
【高分句型 2】Not only have they improved their spoken English, but they also enjoyed the proces!
of the contest and got a sense of achievement.(运用了部分倒装)
34．答案：
Right at this moment, Jeremy was walking by and saw them. Looking at the tears in Tamika’s eyes and recalling her embarrassment in class, he was overwhelmed with some regret. “I shouldn’t have said that. Tamika must be very sad.” At the thought of this, Jeremy stepped forward and offered his apology to Tamika. Miss Snowden gave Jeremy a thumbs-up and then asked, “One of the wheels on Tamika’s skate came loose. Can you fix it ”
“Yes. I can fix it,” Jeremy said with confidence. Right away, he got down to deal with the wheel, with Tamika standing beside him. While working, he explained how to deal with the loose wheel step by step and Tamika listened carefully. Soon, the wheel was fixed. “Thank you. And I think I’ve learned how to deal with a loose wheel.” Tamika showed her thankfulness. Hearing this, Miss Snowden patted Tamika’s shoulder, “See We don’t have to travel far to learn anything, Right ” Tamika’s lips curved into a big smile, “Yes, Miss Snowden. You’re right. It’s true that we don’t have to travel far to learn anything.”
解析：1.段落续写:
①由第一段首句内容“就在这时，杰里米经过，看到了他们。”可知，第一段可描写杰里米看到他们之后的内心活动以及对塔米卡道歉。
②由第二段首句内容“是的。我能修好它，杰里米自信地说。”可知，第二段可描写杰里米修理冰鞋的过程以及两人互相坦白。
2.续写线索:杰里米路过--内疚--道歉--修鞋--坦白假期活动--感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①回想起:recall/remember
②修理:fix/mend
③解决，处理:deal with/ handle
情绪类
①难过的，伤心的:sad/grieved/broken-hearted
②感激:thankfulness /gratitude/ gratefulness
行为类
①回想起:recal/remember
②修理:fix/mend
③解决，处理:deal with/ handle
情绪类
①难过的，伤心的:sad/grieved/broken-hearted
②感激:thankfulness /gratitude/ gratefulness
【高分句型1】Looking at the tears in Tamika's eyes and recalling her embarrassment in class, he was overwhelmed with some regret.(运用了非谓语动词中的现在分词作状语。)
【高分句型2】While working, he explained how to deal with the loose wheel step by step and Tamika listened carefully.(运用了连词While引导的时间状语从句以及从句的省略用法。)
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
The greater Rochester area is filled with opportunities to study and perform music in the summer!
Roberts Community School
Roberts Community Music School has exciting summer musical opportunities for families on the west side of Rochester. It offers two 7-week Early Childhood Classes, Piano Discoveries, and a Ukulele Choir. Lessons are available (可获得的) for piano, voice, stringed instruments, and woodwind & brass (铜管乐器).
School of Rock—Rochester
With camp choices for all ages and skill levels, School of Rock is the perfect summer activity for your child. Our summer music camps are performance-based, meaning students learn to play by performing together in a fun environment. From beginner camps to songwriting and themed camps, wed offer a wide variety of options to ensure your child has an amazing musical experience. Our goal is to prepare teens for live performances on stage.
Eastman Community Music School
The Eastman Community Music School offers different day programs and overnight music camps this summer for middle and high school students, including Adventure Music Camp for Middle Schoolers, Summer Jazz Studies for High School Students, Baroque workshops, and New Horizons Orchestra Camp. Private lessons are also available of all ages, levels, instruments or voice.
Bach to Rock Music School
Bach to Rock’s Music Camps run each week all summer long for all ages and levels! Our camps are designed for students to work with our highly experienced teachers to learn how to play their instrument of choice, develop a band, learn to play songs they love, and have the opportunity to write and create their music. Each weekly camp ends with an opportunity to record in our studio! Full or half-day camps are available. No experience is necessary.
1．Which school’s programs are designed to get students on stage performing
A. Roberts Community School. B. School of Rock—Rochester.
C. Eastman Community Music School. D. Bach to Rock Music School.
2．What is special about Bach to Rock Music Camps
A. They offer overnight camps. B. They require related experience.
C. They offer chances to perform in a TV station. D. They can train different kinds of musical skills.
3．What’s the purpose of the text
A. To compare four music schools. B. To encourage students to be music stars.
C. To introduce some music summer camps. D. To show the music resources in Rochester.
Felix “Andarin” Carvajal was a born runner. As a boy, he spent his childhood running up and down nearby hills. Years later, as a postman, Carvajal became well-known in the city of Havana, and finally, he began to put his fame to use for donations, so he might represent Cuba as a marathon runner at the 1904 Summer Olympics in St. Louis, Missouri. At the time, there was no state support for Olympic athletes in Cuba.
But even with the money, Carvajal nearly didn’t make it there. His journey to the Games took him first to New Orleans, where he lost all the money he had saved up for the trip. In a foreign city, Carvajal began to walk north up along the Mississippi River to St. Louis. It was hundreds of miles, but between walking and hitching (搭便车) rides, he was able to reach St. Louis in time for his event.
It was August in St. Louis and Carvajal stood in the staging area, hungry and out of shape and tired. Carvajal took off to a commanding early lead despite the fact that he had not eaten for two days. Carvajal had never particularly believed in pacing himself. Carvajal was mostly self-trained and his ideas about running had always been straightforward: to run far and run fast and run until you can’t go anymore. But 26.2 miles is a long distance. Carvajal was reported to have picked and eaten five green apples while running and became badly ill with a stomachache. Miraculously, Carvajal managed to return to the race and finish in fourth place.
The 1904 Olympics was the peak of Carvajal’s international career. But he remained a runner for the rest of his life. At 55 years old, Carvajal ran the entire length of Cuba along the country’s main highway, a distance of nearly 700 miles. Toward the end of his life, he performed a short running demonstration (演示). “This is to show you that I still run.” he told the crowd.
4．What did Carvajal use his fame to do
A. Get a job as a postman.
B. Inspire more people to run.
C. Support professional athletes in Cuba.
D. Raise money for his trip to the Olympics.
5．What happened to Carvajal according to paragraph 2
A. He lost all his money.
B. He got lost in a foreign city.
C. He traveled round New Orleans.
D. He walked to the Mississippi River.
6．What did Carvajal believe in
A. Keeping pace with most runners.
B. Running fast from the beginning.
C. Speeding up in the middle of a race.
D. Running at an average speed all through a race.
7．Which of the following words can best describe Carvajal
A. A man devoted to charity.
B. A runner born for medals.
C. An Olympic athlete always in need.
D. A man always on the move.
A new study has found that many drivers using driver assistance (辅助) tools often treat their vehicles like they are fully self-driving. The study warns that drivers who put too much trust in driver assistance technologies are putting themselves at risk for serious accidents.
The research involved drivers of three vehicles that offer advanced driver assistance systems. Each vehicle came from one of three companies: Cadillac, Nissan / Infiniti and Tesla.
The study was led by the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS), a nonprofit group. The group carries out research and crash tests and seeks to persuade car makers to design safer vehicles.
Cadillac’s driver assistance tool is called Super Cruise. The study found that 53 percent of active users of that system said “they were comfortable treating their vehicles as fully self-driving.” Tesla’s driver assistance system is called Autopilot.
The results come even as car makers have repeatedly warned drivers that they must never fully depend on driver assistance for full operation of the vehicle. Users are asked to be fully prepared to regulate driving at any time. There have also been highly publicized accidents involving cars with driver assistance programming.
Both Super Cruise and Autopilot have a feature that the vehicle’s advanced driver assistance system will be turned off if users do not appear to be attentive while driving. The study found that about 40 percent of the users of Autopilot and Super Cruise reported the systems had at some point turned off while they were driving and would not reactivate.
The study comes as the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) examines a series of crashes involving Tesla’s Autopilot. Since 2016, the NHTSA has opened 37 special investigations (调查) into 18 crash deaths involving Tesla vehicles where systems like Autopilot were suspected of use.
Tesla has said that Autopilot is meant for use with a fully careful driver who is prepared to take control of vehicle operation. General Motors, which produces Cadillac models, said it “believes driver engagement is very important.”
8．What’s the problem with some drivers according to the study
A. They drive with too much tension.
B. They refuse to accept high technology.
C. They rely too much on driver assistance tools.
D. They have caused many traffic accidents.
9．What’s the purpose of IIHS’ research
A. To watch over car making in the world.
B. To develop advanced vehicle technology.
C. To judge various cars based on their quality.
D. To push car makers to improve vehicle safety.
10．What does the underlined word “regulate” mean in paragraph 5
A. Enjoy. B. Stop. C. Control. D. Ignore.
11．What do Tesla and General Motors have in common according to the last paragraph
A. They praised their self-driving technology.
B. They stressed the importance of human driving.
C. They admitted the disadvantages of self-driving.
D. They promised to improve their self-driving technology.
Loss of slow-wave sleep as you age may increase your risk of developing dementia (痴呆), according to a new study.
“We found that aging was associated with a decline in the amount of the deepest stages of sleep, known as slow-wave sleep. We then found that people with greater declines in slow-wave sleep over time had a higher risk of getting dementia over the next 17 years of follow-up,” said Matthew Pase, senior author of the study.
Slow-wave sleep is the third and fourth stages of sleep, which is important for brain health. During this stage, the body removes unwanted or harmful materials from the brain. “For the brain, this deep sleep is thought to be the most restorative(有助于复原的),” said Dr Richard Isaacson, who wasn’t involved in the study.
The researchers wanted to know whether chronic (慢性的) reductions in slow-wave sleep over time are linked to dementia risk in humans and whether dementia-related processes in the brain may contribute to getting less of this type of sleep. They studied 346 people with an average age of 69 and completed two overnight sleep studies—one between 1995 and 1998 and the second between 1998 and 2001—during which their sleep was monitored(监视；监控). The researchers also investigated whether any change in the amount of slow-wave sleep that participants got was associated with developing dementia up to 17 years after they completed the sleep studies. By that time, 52 participants had been diagnosed with dementia. Each percentage decrease in slow-wave sleep per year was linked to a 27 percent increased risk of developing dementia. The rate of slow-wave sleep loss accelerated (加速) from age 60, peaked from ages 75 to 80and slowed afterwards.
“This is an important study yet again showing the impact of quality of sleep on a person’s risk of cognitive decline and dementia,” Isaacson said. “It’s important to not only pay attention to the total amount of sleep a person gets each night, but also monitor sleep quality as best as possible.”
12．What can we learn from the new study
A. The older you are, the less sleep you will have.
B.Slow-wave sleep has been linked to the risk of dementia.
C. The rate of slow-wave sleep loss keeps going up with age.
D. The amount of sleep has an impact on the risk of dementia.
13．How did researchers get what they wanted
A. By making a comparison. B. By introducing a concept.
C. By referring to another study. D. By making a survey.
14．What did Dr Richard Isaacson suggest
A. Sleep quality needs more attention.
B. We should have enough sleep.
C. The elderly should sleep more than the young.
D. The amount of sleep is more important than sleep quality.
15．In which section of a newspaper may this text appear
A. Sports. B. Health. C. Education. D. Environment.
二、七选五
16．It happens from time to time that after a whole morning of studying, you are tired in the afternoon. It is then that you may want to eat something sweet, perhaps a sweet drink or a chocolate bar to lift your mood. 36
But a study suggests that sugar can make you feel worse rather than lift your mood. The German and UK researchers collected data from 31 studies involving nearly 1,300 adults. 37 Those emotions include anger, alertness, depression and tiredness. They found that people who have too much sugar become more tired and less alert within an hour, and that these feelings become more intense over time.
According to researchers, when people take in sugar, their blood sugar levels rise rapidly, leading to a burst of energy and a short “feel good” period. However, as they begin to digest the sugar, their blood sugar levels decrease quickly, leading to a bad feeling. 38 As with caffeine, this prevents the body from relaxing, leaving people being tired and less alert.
39 According to WHO, it is healthy to have the sugars found naturally in fruit, vegetables and milk, so long as they make up less than 5 percent of our daily total energy intake.
So the next time you feel tired and can’t concentrate on study and work, perhaps you should think twice before you bite into a chocolate bar. There are still other ways to relieve tiredness. 40
A. Maybe a little exercise at midday is a better idea.
B. So cutting sweet food out of the diet is a good choice.
C. They studied the effect of sugar on some aspects of mood.
D. After all, it’s believed that a “sugar rush” gives you energy.
E. Sugar in any form is not necessarily good for the human body.
F. But the result of the study doesn’t mean giving up sweet food altogether.
G. To remain on a “high”, people may eat more sugar until they become addicted to it.
三、完形填空（15空）
After bringing up three children, Barthorpe decided to do something for herself. She planned to 41 herself by learning to ride a motorcycle at the age of 60. After passing her driving test, she soon 42 on her first solo (单独的) ride. She remembered the 43 of being on the road alone for the first time.
Although Barthorpe preferred riding solo, she contacted the Women’s International Motorcycle Association (WIMA) in the hope of 44 it. It was the connection with the WIMA that led her to a(n) 45 — the Women Riders World Relay. The plan was to pass a baton (接力棒), rider to rider, all around the world. That was a test of the riders’ courage and 46 . But just after Barthorpe took on the role, she 47 fell down and got injured. She spent several months in hospital. However, Barthorpe didn’t see it as a 48 experience. She knew that she must pay much attention to 49 first. Getting on a motoreycle again was 50 , but Barthorpe took extra training and 51 a lot. And she pushed herself to take part in the race in Australia. Barthorpe then realized that it was normal to 52 and rise to it, which offered an opportunity to grow.
What attracts Barthorpe most to a motorcycle is the 53 . “I can go anywhere I want and any time I like,” she said. “The kids said to me, ‘Mum, you seem to have turned into a 54 teenager.’ I just told them, ‘No, I’ve just found the field where I can see my 55 .’”
17．A. protect B. express C. challenge D. educate
18．A. set out B. caught up C. calmed down D. showed off
19．A. duty B. excitement C. risk D. struggle
20．A. interviewing B. encouraging C. impressing D. joining
21．A. lesson B. record C. adventure D. experiment
22．A. teamwork B. friendship C. understanding D. memory
23．A. slowly B. strangely C. purposely D. accidentally
24．A. discouraging B. common C. practical D. pleasant
25．A. honor B. safety C. experience D. interest
26．A. doubtful B. peaceful C. stressful D. meaningful
27．A. lost B. expected C. noticed D. improved
28．A. fail B. recover C. wait D. reply
29．A. performance B. competition C.freedom D.independence
30．A. careful B. friendly C. serious D. brave
31． A. choice B. value C. habit D. effort
四、短文填空
32．Success means different things for different people. Some may equate it with fame, some with wealth and still some with accomplishments. For me, it means 56 (realize ) one’s dreams. Whatever your dreams are, you have a goal there and then devote 57 (you) to it. Dreams bring you hope and happiness. In the process of struggling for it, you cry, sweat, complain or even curse, but the joy of harvesting 58 (make) you forget all the pains and troubles you have gone through. So an old proverb says that the 59 (sweet) fruit is one that has undergone（经历）the bitterest experience.
There are several keys 60 success. First of all, your goal must be 61 (practice). It is well known that if you set your goal 62 (extreme) high, you will not attain it. Next, you have to make __63 detailed plan of doing it. You can take some 64 (step) to realize it. Since the process is quite tough, you need to be diligent, patient and persevering. Faced with some difficulties or frustrations, 65 you may meet with in the process, don’t lose heart. You should repeat over and over that there is nothing you can’t overcome. With this will and determination, success is sure to wait for you at the end of the tunnel!
五、书面表达
33．假定你是李华，上周日你校举办了主题为“Know more about China”的英语演讲比赛。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1.时间和地点；2.比赛的过程；3.比赛的意义。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
An English Speech Contest
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
六、读后续写
34．It was Tamika’s turn to tell her class where she went this summer. She stood up proudly. “This summer I went to Bradley,” Tamika announced. “They have a big market there. My mom bought a painting and I got second-hand inline（直排轮滑的） skates. We had a great time there. ”
“That’s not a trip,” Jeremy whispered loudly to his partner. “It’s only half an hour from here. My dad and I often go to Bradley to buy tools for his repair shop.”
“Jeremy, no interrupting,” said Miss Snowdent, their teacher. “And Bradley has a fine market. I’m glad that Tamika can tell us about it. Go ahead, Tamika.” Miss Snowden smiled warmly at her, encouraging her to continue.
But Tamika didn’t feel proud of her family’s trip to Bradley any more and she just felt embarrassed. Tamika dropped her head and said in a low voice that she was finished, and then hurried back to her desk. She hoped that the other kids didn’t notice her face turning red.
Tamika listened as Peter talked about his cruise（乘船游览）to Jamaical. She heard about Mary’s trip across the Atlantic to Ireland. She heard about John’s horseback ride through the Grand Canyon. It seemed as if everyone but her had taken a big trip over the summer. “I never get to go anywhere. ” Tamika thought to herself. A sense of sadness clouded her the whole day.
After school things got worse. One of the wheels on Tamika’s skates came loose. Now she couldn’t even skate. Sitting on the sidewalk, Tamika tried to fix her wheel but did not know how. Then Miss Snowden happened to pass by. She walked up with a smile on her face, asking. “You look unhappy, Tamika. Why are you sitting here ” Tamika lowered her head, tears building up inside her eyes. “Want to talk about it ” Miss Snowden asked kindly. Tamika nodded, trying to avoid Miss Snowden’s eyes! Bending（弯曲）down, Miss Snowden said in a whisper（耳语，低语）: “You know, Tamika, actually we don’t always have to travel far to learn anything.” Tamika looked up with watering eyes and wondered what Miss Snowden meant.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Right at this moment, Jeremy was walking by and saw them. _______________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
“Yes. I can fix it,” Jeremy said with confidence. _________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据School of Rock Rochester部分中“Our goal is to prepare teens for live performances on stage.(我们的目标是让青少年为舞台上的现场表演做好准备)”可知，这个学校的夏令营专注于学生的舞台表演。故选B。
2．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据Bach to Rock Music School部分中“Our camps are designed for students towork with our highly experienced teachers to learn howto play their instrument of choice, develop a band, learnto play songs they love, and have the opportunity to write and create their music.(我们的夏令营是为学生设计的，让他们与经验丰富的老师一起学习如何演奏他们选择的乐器，组建乐队，学习演奏他们喜欢的歌曲，并有机会创作自己的音乐)”可知，巴赫摇滚夏令营专注于培训学生不同的音乐技能。故选D.
3．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“The greater Rochester area is filled with opportunities to study and perform music in the summer!(在夏天，大罗切斯特地区充满了学习和表演音乐的机会!)”并结合四个音乐学校的介绍可知，本文的目的是介绍与音乐有关的夏令营。故选C。
4．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的he began to put his fame to use for donations , so he might represent Cuba as a marathon runner at the 1904 summer 0lympics in St. Louis, Missouri 知卡瓦哈尔出名后,利用自己的名声为自己能代表古巴参加1904年夏季奥林匹克运动会筹集捐款。故选D项。
5．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的His journey to the Games took him first to New Orleans, where .he lost all the money he had saved up for the trip.可知,在去参加奥运会的途中,他首先去了新奥尔良,在那里他丢了为这次旅行积攒的所有钱故选A项。
6．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的He was mostly self-trained and his ideas about running had all way 、been straightforward: to run far and run fast and run until you can't go anymore.可知在卡瓦哈尔看来,跑步就是跑得远,跑得快,跑到你再也跑不动为止,即他认为从一开始就要跑得快。故选B项。
7．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。综观全文,文章一开始提到天生爱跑步的卡瓦哈尔在成名后,利用自己的名声为自己能代表古巴参加1904年夏季奥林匹克运动会筹集捐款。随后提到他在奥运会上获得了第四名的成绩,这成为他运动生涯的巅峰此后在他的余生中,他一直是一名跑步者。55岁时,卡瓦哈尔跑完了整个古巴,直至他生命的最后,他依旧作了一个简短的跑步演示,以此告诉人们,他还在坚持跑步,所以可以说卡瓦哈尔是个一直在跑步的人。故选D项。
8．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“A new study has found that many drivers using driver assistance (辅助) tools often treat thei1 vehicles like they are fully self-driving. The study warns that drivers who put too much trust in driver assistance technologies are putting themselves at risk for serious accidents(一项新的研究发现，许多使用驾驶辅助工具的司机经常把他们的车辆当作完全自动驾驶的。该研究警告说，过于信任驾驶辅助技术的司机将自己置于严重事故的危险之中)”可知，根据这项研究，一些司机过于依赖驾驶辅助工具。故选C。
9．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“The study was led by the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (llHS), a nonprofit group. The group carries out research and crash tests and seeks to persuade car makers to design safe1 vehicles.(这项研究是由非营利组织公路安全保险协会(IIHS)领导的。该组织进行研究和碰撞测试，并试图说服汽车制造商设计更安全的汽车)”可知，IIHS研究的目的是推动汽车制造商提高汽车安全性。故选D。
10．答案：C
解析：词句猜测题。根据划线词上The results come even as car makers have repeatedly warmed drivers that they must never fully depend on driver assistance for full operation of the vehicle.(尽管汽车制造商一再提醒驾驶员，他们绝不能完全依赖驾驶员辅助来实现车辆的全面操作，但上述结果还是出炉了)”以及后文“There have also been highly publicized accidents involving cars with driver assistance programming.(也有一些高度公开的事故涉及安装了驾驶员辅助程序的汽车)”可知，上文说明汽车制造商一再提醒驾驶员，他们绝不能完全依赖驾驶员辅助来实现车辆的全面操作，后文则提到了一些高度公开的事故涉及安装了驾驶员辅助程序的汽车，说明用户被要求随时做好控制驾驶的充分准备。由此可知，划线词意思是“控制”。故选C。
11．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“Tesla has said that Autopilot is meant for use with a fully careful driver who is prepared to take control of vehicle operation. General Motors which produces Cadillac models. said it believes driver engagement is very important.”(特斯拉表示，自动驾驶仪是为一个非常谨慎的司机使用的，他准备好控制车辆的运行。生产凯迪拉克车型的通用汽车表示，它“相信驾驶员的参与非常重要”)”可知，特斯拉和通用汽车的共同之处都强调人类驾驶的重要性。故选B。
12．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“Loss of slow- wave sleep as you age may increase your risk of
developing dementia (果), according to a new study(新研究发现，随着年龄增长，慢波睡眠时间的减少可能会增加患痴呆症的风险)”可知，慢波睡眠与患痴呆症的风险有关。故选B。
13．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“They studied 346 people with an average age of 69 and completed two overnight sleep studies one between 1995 and 1998 and the second between 1998 and 2001-during which their sleep was monitored. The researchers also investigated whether any change in the amount of slow wave sleep that participants got was associated with developing dementia up to 17 years after they completed the sleep studies.(研究人员调查了平均年龄69岁的346个人，并且分别在1995年至1998年间以及1998年至2001年间完成了两项夜间睡眠研究，在这期间对他们的睡眠进行了监测。研究人员还调查了参与者慢波睡眠时间的任何变化是否与完成睡眠研究17年后患痴呆症有关)”可知，研究人员是通过做调查的方式得到他们想要的。故选D。
14．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段““This is an important study yet again showing the impact of quality of sleep on a person's risk of cognitive decline and dementia,” Isaacson said. “It's important to not only pay attention to the total amount of sleep a person gets eacl night, but also monitor sleep quality as best as possible.”(“这项重要研究再次表明了睡眠质量对于-个人患上认知衰退和痴呆症风险的影响。”艾萨克森表示:“我们不光要注意一个人每夜睡眠的总时长，也要尽可能监测睡眠质量。”)”可知，Richard Isaacson的建议是要多关注睡眠质量。故选A。
15．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“Loss of slow wave sleep as you age may increase your risk of developing dementia(痴呆), according to a new study(新研究发现，随着年龄增长，慢波睡眠时间的减少可能会增加患痴呆症的风险)”可知，这是与健康有关的研究，所以这篇文章很有可能出现在报纸上的“健康”板块。故选B。
16．答案：DCGFA
解析：①D上文“it is then that you may want to eat something sweet, perhaps a sweet drink or a chocolate bar to lift your mood.(那时你可能想要吃一些甜的东西，也许是一杯甜饮料或一块巧克力来提升你的情绪)”说明你可能会想要吃甜的东西来提升情绪，D项“毕竟，人们相信“甜蜜冲刺”会给你能量。”说明人们想要吃甜的东西的原因，承接上文，符合题意。故选D。
②C上文“The German and UK researchers collected data from 31 studies involving nearly 1,300adults.(德国和英国的研究人员从包括近1300名成年人的31项研究中收集了数据)”说明研究人员收集了很多数据，以及下文“Those emotions include anger, alertness, depression and tiredness.(这些情绪包括愤怒、警觉、沮丧和疲惫)”说明其中包括一些消极的情绪，C项中They指代上文中的The German and UK researchers，C项“他中的The German and UK researchers ,C项“他们研究了糖对情绪某些方面的影响。"承上启下，符合题意。故选C。
③G上文“However, as they begin to digest the sugar, their blood sugar levels decrease quickly, leading to a bad feeling.(然而，当他们开始消化糖时，他们的血糖水平会迅速下降，导致一种糟糕的感觉)”说明人们消化糖时，血糖下降会导致不好的感觉，G项“为了保持“高”，人们可能会吃更多的糖，直到上瘾。"说明人们对于上文出现的情况采取的应对措施，承接上文，符合题意。故选G。
④F下文“According to WHO, it is healthy to have the sugars found naturally in fruit, vegetables and milk, so long as they make up less than 5 percent of our daily total energy intake.(据世界卫生组织称，水果、蔬菜和牛奶中的天然糖分是健康的，只要它们占我们每日总能量摄入的比例不到5%)”说明适量摄入天然糖分是健康的，F项“但研究结果并不意味着完全放弃甜食。”建议不要完全放弃甜食，引出下文，符合题意。故选F。
⑤A上文“There are still other ways to relieve tiredness.(还有其他缓解疲劳的方法)”说明缓解疲劳还有其他方法，A项“也许中午做点运动是个好主意。"举例说明了缓解疲劳的方法，承接上文，符合题意。故选A。
17．答案：C
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.protect保护;B.express表达;C.challenge挑战;D.educate教育。句意:她计划在60岁时学习骑摩托车来挑战自己。根据下文by learning to ride a motorcycle at the age of60.可知，60岁时学习骑摩托车是对自己的挑战。故选C。
18．答案：A
解析：考查动词短语及语境理解。A.set out出发;B.caught up追赶;C.calmed down冷静;D.showed off炫耀。句意:通过驾驶考试后，她很快就开始了她的第一次单人驾驶。根据空前After passing her driving test, she soon 以及空后的"her first solo (单独的)ride可知，通过驾驶考试后，她开始了第一次单人驾驶。故选A。
19．答案：B
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.duty职责;B.excitement兴奋;C.hesitation犹豫;D.struggle奋斗。句意:她还记得第一次独自上路时的兴奋。根据上文After bringing up three children, Bart horpe decided to do something for herself. She planned to (1)herself by learning to ride a motorcycle at the age of 60.可知，骑摩托车是她一直想做的事情;由此可推测，第一次独自上路时，她应该是感到兴奋。故选B。
20．答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.interviewing采访，面试;B.encouraging鼓励;C.impressing令人印象深刻;D.joining加入。句意:尽管Barthorpe更喜欢独自骑行，但她还是联系了国际女子摩托车协会(WIMA)，希望加入该协会。根据上文she contacted the Women's International Motorcycle Association (WMA) in the hope of 以及下文她得到的任务可知，她是希望加入该协会。故选D。
21．答案：C
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.lesson课程，教训;B.record记录;C.adventure冒险，探险;Dexperiment实验。句意:正是与WIMA的联系，让她开始了一场冒险--女骑手世界接力赛。根据下文The plan was to pass a baton (接力棒)，rider to rider, all around the world. That was a test of the riders 'courage and (6)可知，这对于她这个新手而言是一场冒险。故选G
22．答案：A
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.teamwork合作;B.friendship友谊;C.understanding理解;D.memory记忆。句意:这是对骑手们的勇气和团队精神的考验。根据上文The plan was to passabaton(接力棒)，rider to rider，all around the world可知，这项任务需要一棒棒传递下去，所以是对团队合作的考验。故选A。
23．答案：D
解析：考查副词及语境理解。A.slowly缓慢地;Bstrangely奇怪地;C.purposely故意地;D.accidentally意外地。句意:就在Barthorpe接下这个角色后，她意外摔倒受伤了。根据空后down and got injured. She spent several months in hospita1.以及她康复后继续参加可知，她是意外摔倒受伤的。故选D。
24．答案：A
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.discouraging令人沮丧的;B.common普通的;C.practical实用的;D.pleasant舒适的。句意:然而，Barthorpe并不认为这是一次令人沮丧的经历。根据常理可知，此时摔倒受伤是令人沮丧的;而根据段首"However“以及下文她的感触可知，她并不认为这件事令人沮丧。故选A。
25．答案：B
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.honor荣耀;B.safety安全;C.experience经历，经验;D.interest兴趣。句意:她知道她必须把安全放在第一位。根据上文But just after Barthorpe took on the role, she (7)fell down and got injured可知,刚接手任务不久，她就受伤了，所以她由此应该开始重视安全。故选B。
26．答案：C
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.doubtful怀疑的;B.peaceful平和的:C.stressful有压力的;D.harmful有害的。句意:再次骑上摩托车是一件压力很大的事情，但Barthorpe接受了额外的训练，进步了很多。根据上文可知，她不小心受伤了，由此可知，当她恢复后，再次骑摩托车从心理上来说是有压力的。故选C。
27．答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.lost失去;B.expected期待;C.noticed注意;D.improved提升。句意:再次骑上摩托车是一件压力很大的事情，但Barthorpe接受了额外的训练，进步了很多。根据上文Barthorpe didn't see it as a可知，得到训练后，她应该是进步了很多。故选D。
28．答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.fail失败;B.recover恢复;C.wait等待;D.reply回复。意:Barthorpe后来意识到，失败是正常的，并勇于面对失败，这提供了一个成长的机会。根据上文内容以及空后的rise to it, which offered an opportunity to grow.可知，Barthorpe意识到失败是很正常的，因为失败可以让我们成长。故选A。
29．答案：C
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.performance表现;B.competition竞争;C.freedom自由;D.independence独立。句意:最吸引Barthorpe的是摩托车的自由。根据下文l can go anywhere l want and any time l like," she said."可知，对她而言，骑摩托车是自由的，可以随时去自己想去的地方。故选C。
30．答案：D
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.careful仔细的，谨慎的;B.friendly友好的;C.serious严重的;D.brave勇敢的。句意:"孩子们对我说，"妈妈，你似乎变成了一个勇敢的少女。"我只是告诉他们，不，我只是找到了一个能让我看到自己价值的领域。"根据全文内容以及空后的"teenager"可知，60岁时Barthorpe学习骑摩托车，之后参加比赛，孩子们是认为妈妈似乎变成了一个勇敢的少女。故选D。
31．答案：B
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.choice选择;B.value价值;C.habit习惯;D.effort努力。句意:"孩子们对我说，"妈妈，你似乎变成了一个勇敢的少年。"我只是告诉他们，不，我只是找到了一个能让我看到自己价值的领域。"根据上文After bringing up three children, Barthorpe decided to do something for herself.以及全文内容可知，Barthorpe认为骑摩托车可以看到自己的价值所在。故选B。
32．答案：① realizing② yourself③ makes④ sweetest⑤ to⑥ practical⑦ extremely⑧ a⑨ steps⑩ which
解析：① realizing考查非谓语动词。句意:对我来说，它意味着实现一个人的梦想。非谓语动词担当动词“mean”的宾语，用动名词形式，构成固定搭配:mean doing sth.，意为:意味着.…。故填realizing..
② yourself考核固定搭配。句意:无论你的梦想是什么，你都有一个目标，然后全身心投入。固定搭配:devote oneself to，意为“全身心投入……”。故填yourself
③ makes考查时态和主识一致。句意:梦想带给你希望和幸福。在为它奋斗的过程中，你哭泣流汗，抱怨甚至诅咒，但收获的喜悦让你忘记了所有你经历过的痛苦和烦恼。这里为并列句的谓语动词，根据上文的时态可知，本句时态为一般现在时;主语为“the joy of harvesting”单数，调语动词用第二人称单数形式。故填makes
④ sweetest考查最高级。句意:所以一句古老的谚语说，最甜蜜的果实是经历了最痛苦的经历的果实。根据空后“the bitterest experience”可推断，空处为最高级。故填sweetest.
⑤ to考查固定搭配。句意:成功有几个关键。固定搭配:the key to，意为:……的关键。故填同。
⑥ practical考查形容词。句意:首先，你的目标必须切实可行。分析子成分可知，空处为形容词担当表语。故填practical。
⑦ extremely考查副词。句意:众所周知,如果你把目标定得太高,你是无法实现的。修饰形容词“high用副词形式。故填extremely.
⑧ a考查冠词。句意:接下来，你必须制定一个详细的计划。修饰单数可数名词plan，表泛指，用不定冠词，且 detailed 的发音是辅音音素开头。故填a。
⑨ steps考查名词的数。句意:你可以采取一些步骤来实现它。step“步骤"是可数名词，根据窄前的some 可知，空处为可数名词的复数形式。故填steps
⑩ which考查定语从句。句意:而对一些你可能会在这个过程中遇到的困难或挫折，不要灰心这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“some difficulties or fustrations”，在非限制性定语从句中担当宾语，用关系代词which引导。故填which
33．答案：
An English Speech Contest
An English speech contest whose topic was Know More about China was held in our school hall last Sunday.
Before the contest, colorful performances given by students were more than attractive. The contest consisted of three rounds. Many competitors made their speeches smoothly, and showed the audiences their talent and confidence.
Through the activity, the students have learned a lot. Not only have they improved their spoken English, but they also enjoyed the process of the contest and got a sense of achievement. The students learned more about our motherland, and they felt proud of being Chinese people.
解析：结构:总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求:
1时间和地点;
2.比赛的过程:
3.比赛的意义。
第二步:列提纲(重点词组)English speech contest: more than attractive: contest: performance: consist of, competitor. smoothly; confidence; not only...but also...; spoken English; a sense of achievement; feel proud of
第三步:连词成句1. An English speech contest whose topic was Know More about China was held in our school hall last Sunday.
2. Before the contest, colorful performances given by students were more than
3. The contest consisted of three rounds.
4. Many competitors made their speeches smoothly, and showed the audiences their talent and
confidence.
5. Through the activity, the students have learned a lot.
6. Not only have they improved their spoken English, but they also enjoyed the process of the
contest and got a sense of achievement.
7. The students learned more about our motherland, and they felt proud of being Chinese people根据提示及关键词(组)进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步:连句成篇(衔接词)
表并列补充关系:not only...but also..
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【高分句型 1】An English speech contest whose topic was Know More about China was
held in our school hall last Sunday.(运用了whose 引导定语从句)
【高分句型 2】Not only have they improved their spoken English, but they also enjoyed the proces!
of the contest and got a sense of achievement.(运用了部分倒装)
34．答案：
Right at this moment, Jeremy was walking by and saw them. Looking at the tears in Tamika’s eyes and recalling her embarrassment in class, he was overwhelmed with some regret. “I shouldn’t have said that. Tamika must be very sad.” At the thought of this, Jeremy stepped forward and offered his apology to Tamika. Miss Snowden gave Jeremy a thumbs-up and then asked, “One of the wheels on Tamika’s skate came loose. Can you fix it ”
“Yes. I can fix it,” Jeremy said with confidence. Right away, he got down to deal with the wheel, with Tamika standing beside him. While working, he explained how to deal with the loose wheel step by step and Tamika listened carefully. Soon, the wheel was fixed. “Thank you. And I think I’ve learned how to deal with a loose wheel.” Tamika showed her thankfulness. Hearing this, Miss Snowden patted Tamika’s shoulder, “See We don’t have to travel far to learn anything, Right ” Tamika’s lips curved into a big smile, “Yes, Miss Snowden. You’re right. It’s true that we don’t have to travel far to learn anything.”
解析：1.段落续写:
①由第一段首句内容“就在这时，杰里米经过，看到了他们。”可知，第一段可描写杰里米看到他们之后的内心活动以及对塔米卡道歉。
②由第二段首句内容“是的。我能修好它，杰里米自信地说。”可知，第二段可描写杰里米修理冰鞋的过程以及两人互相坦白。
2.续写线索:杰里米路过--内疚--道歉--修鞋--坦白假期活动--感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①回想起:recall/remember
②修理:fix/mend
③解决，处理:deal with/ handle
情绪类
①难过的，伤心的:sad/grieved/broken-hearted
②感激:thankfulness /gratitude/ gratefulness
行为类
①回想起:recal/remember
②修理:fix/mend
③解决，处理:deal with/ handle
情绪类
①难过的，伤心的:sad/grieved/broken-hearted
②感激:thankfulness /gratitude/ gratefulness
【高分句型1】Looking at the tears in Tamika's eyes and recalling her embarrassment in class, he was overwhelmed with some regret.(运用了非谓语动词中的现在分词作状语。)
【高分句型2】While working, he explained how to deal with the loose wheel step by step and Tamika listened carefully.(运用了连词While引导的时间状语从句以及从句的省略用法。)
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