2024届高考英语考前写作讲义
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高考英语考前宝典
应用文模板——书信类
Dear…，
How is everything going on with you recently （问候）Hearing…（背景），I’m writing to…（目的）The reasons/details are as follows.
Initially, as is known to us all/ it’s universally acknowledged that（众所周知）…. Additionally, I’m firmly convinced that…. Ultimately，there is no doubt that I think it is a …thing，because …
I’d appreciate it if you can reply to me as soon as possible. Looking forward to your early reply. Best wishes.
Yours sincerely
……
应用文模板——活动介绍类
首段：
With the purpose of doing…, an activity themed…was held/will be held in our school.
或Last week witnessed an activity themed…，with the purpose of doing…, which involved all the students and teachers of our school.
中间：
To begin with, …delivered an opening speech about the topic.
Following that, people began to …. Some …，doing…….Others…，which…
Eventually, we took some photos together, which helped us memorize the unforgettable moments.
尾段：
The activity was highly thought of, because it not only … but also…
常见表目的的短语
raise one’s awareness of sth 提高……意识
deepen one’s understanding of sth 加深……理解
enrich students’ campus/school life 丰富校园生活
arouse one’s passion for sth 激发……的热情
relieve students’ nervousness and anxiety/stress/pressure缓解……紧张焦虑/压力
build up one’s strength 增强……体力
应用文常用句式：
1.It 's +adj+for/of sb to do sth 做某事对某人来说是……的
I find it challenging for me to do sth 我认为做……对我而言是有挑战性的
2.There is no doubt/denying that……毫无疑问/不可否认……
3.The reason why...is that... ……的原因是……
4.Just as the saying goes,…… 正如名言所说……
5.I do hope /Hopefully you can take my suggestions into consideration.
我真希望你能认真考虑我的建议。
What you are supposed to keep in mind is that……
你应该铭记在心的是……
7.It is high time we should take action.我们早该采取行动了。
8.Looking back to the past few months, what impressed me most is that..., which not only…but also…
回顾过去的几个月，让我印象最深刻的是……，它不仅……而且……
9.Only in this way can we make the world a beautiful place to live in.
只有以这样的方式我们才可以让我们的世界变得更美好。
With time going by, ... is approaching/drawing near.
随着时间的推移，……即将来临。
Ladies and gentlemen, it's an honor for me to stand here and deliver a speech, the topic of which is...
女士们先生们，很荣幸站在这里发表演讲，我演讲的话题是……
12.Welcome to actively take part in the avtivitity.
欢迎积极参加这个活动。
I’m convinced that I’m equal to the job.
我相信我能胜任这份工作。
If you want to know more, please don’t hesitate to contact me.
如果你想了解更多，请不要犹豫联系我。
Without your assistance and kindness, I couldn’t have made such great progress.
要是没有你的帮助和善良，我就不会取得如此大的进步。
Words fail to express my thanks/gratitute/appreciation to you.
语言无法表达我对你的感激。
Sorry again for any inconvenience that I caused and hope you can understand my situation.
再次因为我带来的任何不便表示歉意，希望你能理解我的情况。
I’m writing to seek help from you, as I met with some problems in…
我写信是为了向你求助，因为我在……方面遇到了一些困难。
Learning that volunteers are needed on the internet, I’m writing to apply for the position.
从网上得知你们在招募志愿者，我写信是为了申请这个职位。
A survey named… was conducted in our school recently. As can be seen in the chart, …
我们学校最近进行了一项名为……的调查。正如在图表里所看到的那样……
读后续写
学写经典句式，词句高人一筹
一、形容词作状语
1．Unable to answer the teacher's question, all the students kept silent.
回答不出老师的问题，学生们都保持沉默。
2．On my way home, I saw a middle aged man lying by the roadside, dead drunk.
在我回家的途中，我看到一个中年男子躺在路边，烂醉如泥
二、非谓语动词doing/done/having done
1．I opened the letter carefully, hoping for some clue to the identity of the owner of the wallet.
我小心翼翼打开信，希望能找到一些有关钱包主人身份的线索。
2．He listened with close attention, biting his lips and staring at the floor.
他聚精会神地听着，咬着嘴唇，眼睛盯着地板。
三、倒装结构
1．Out of the darkness came a voice he had never heard before.
黑暗中传来一个他从来没有听过的声音。
So shocked was I that I was dumbfounded with my eyes wide open.
我震惊得睁大眼睛，目瞪口呆。
四、状语从句
1．As they got closer, they realized that the dog was a wolf.
当他们靠近时，他们意识到那只狗是一头狼。
2．After high school Jennifer attended a local technical college working to pay her tuition, because there was no extra money set aside for a college education.
高中毕业后，詹妮弗上了当地一所技术学院，靠打工来支付学费，因为没有多余的钱用于大学教育。
五、with的复合结构
1．With my eyes full of tears, I rushed out of the flat and ran along the street.
我热泪盈眶，冲出公寓，沿着街道跑。
2．He stood silently with tears rolling/sliding /streaming down his cheeks.
他静静地站着，眼泪流下他的脸颊。
六、并列句
1．Stop the child, or he will be falling over.
制止那孩子，要不他会掉下去。
2．He was ill for a week, and during that week he ate nothing.
他病了一个星期，在那一个星期里他什么也没吃。
七、定语从句
1．The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp, which was surrounded by a high wire fence.
饥饿的熊闻着味道来到我们的营地，营地被高高的铁丝网包围着。
2．There was a man sick in bed, his wife, who took care of him and could not go out to work，and their little boy.
有一位男子生病在床，他的妻子照顾他，不能出去工作，还有他们的小孩子。
八、虚拟语气
1．Without setbacks, our life would not be filled with wonderful stories.
如果没有挫折，我们的人生就不会充满精彩的故事。
2．But for this experience, I wouldn't have realized that I should spend more time with my family.
要不是这次经历，我就不会意识到我应该花更多的时间和家人在一起。
九、it作形式主语
1．It never occurred to me that the basketball team of my school would be defeated in the final.
我从未想到我们学校的篮球队会在决赛中败北。
2．It struck me all of a sudden that playing against the other team is a great learning opportunity.
我突然意识到，与另一支队伍比赛是一个很好的学习机会。
十、同位语从句
1．Harry doesn't have the slightest idea what they are talking about.
Harry完全不知道他们在说什么。
2．The idea that they should try a second time is worth considering.他们应该再次尝试的想法值得考虑。
十一、强调结构
1．It was the yellow spots on its eyes that made me realize its presence.
正是它眼睛上的黄色斑点让我意识到它的存在。
2．Then Arthur realized maybe it was he that could solve his problem at that very moment.
然后亚瑟意识到也许那一刻正是他可以解决他的问题。
十二、无灵主语
1．Fear slowly creeps upon her.
＝A flood of fear welled up in her.
＝Fear flooded over her.
恐惧慢慢地涌在她身上。
2．His face flushed/burned with embarrassment/shame.
他因尴尬而满脸通红/他窘得脸都红了。
一、读后续写之情感描写
开心高兴
1．Hearing the news, he jumped/bounced up and down with excitement.
一听到这个消息，他激动得上窜下跳。
The smile on her face shone like a diamond.她脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。
愤怒生气
He felt so angry that he stormed out of the room, determined never to come back again.
他感到非常生气，怒气冲冲地冲出房间，决心再也不回来了。
Filled with anger，she was unable to utter a single word.
她大发雷霆，一个字也说不出来。
3．Her reply fueled his anger and he erupted like a volcano.
她的回答激起了他的愤怒，他就像火山一样爆发了。
焦虑困惑
Seized by a strong sense of anxiety, I began to panic.
被一种强烈的焦虑感抓住，我开始感到恐慌。
When hearing these words, he felt his inner doubts melt away.
听到这些话，他觉得心中的疑虑消失了。
His heart beat so violently that he felt like sitting on pins and needles.
他的心跳得厉害，感觉如坐针毡。
悲痛绝望
1．Hearing the news, so desperate was he that he drowned sadness in wine.
听到这个消息，他绝望地把悲伤淹没在酒里。
2. I feel like I am floating in an ocean of sadness.
我觉得我漂浮在悲伤的海洋里。
He stood silently, tears rolling down his cheeks.
他静静地站着，眼泪顺着面颊流了下来。
惊恐紧张
Frozen with fear, he was too scared to move an inch.
他吓得僵住了，吓得寸步难行。
2．My face turned pale and stood there tongue tied.
我脸色苍白，站在那儿舌头打结。
3．I was almost scared to death when there were footsteps outside the window.
我差点吓死了，窗户外有脚步声。
尴尬羞愧
His wife stood there with embarrassment and she felt blood rushing to her face.
他的妻子尴尬地站在那里，她感到血涌上了脸颊。
He lowered his head，hesitated for a moment，wondering how to hide his inner embarrassment.
他低着头，犹豫了一会儿，想知道怎么隐藏他内心的尴尬。
So ashamed was she that she could feel the blood rush to her face.
她感到非常羞愧，都能觉得血液涌上脸颊。
4.Bathed in the sunshine and delighted by fantastic scenery, we headed for the destination.
沐浴在阳光下，享受着美丽的风景，我们向目的地出发。
二、读后续写之环境描写
The sky was blue and the sun was shining.
天空蔚蓝，阳光明媚
2．An air of sadness settled over the group.
人群中笼罩着一种悲伤的气氛。
3．All the students in the class were writing the homework, and no one made a sound. It was so quiet that you could hear a pin drop.
全班同学都在写作业，没人出声。安静得连一根针掉下的声音都听得见。
When I got up the next morning, I saw that the ground was covered with a vast blanket of whiteness.
当我第二天早晨起床时，我看到大地被厚厚的白色毯子覆盖着。
5．The wind was blowing heavily, and the trees were swaying in the strong wind.
风刮得很大，树在大风中摇摆。
三、读后续写之动作描写
1. Looking up at the farmer, the boy said, “Thank you.”
抬头看着这个农民，这个男孩说道：谢谢你！
Terrified by what he saw, he stood frozen like ice, not knowing what to say.
被眼前看到的吓到了，他僵站在那里，不知道说些什么。
Encouraged by the teacher’s words, Lucy raised her hand, whispering, “I’ll do it.”
受老师的话的鼓舞，露西举起手说：“我来做”。
4.She buried her head in the pillow.她用枕头捂住脑袋
5.I grasped it tightly with tears rolling down my cheeks.
我紧紧地抓住它，泪水顺着脸颊滚落下来。
6．He grabbed my arms and pulled me up.他抓住我的胳膊把我拉了上来。
7．Feeling excited and grateful for the kids' help, he burst into tears and hugged them tightly.
对孩子们的帮助感到兴奋和感激，他哭了起来，紧紧地拥抱着他们。
8．Mom embraced me tightly and patted me on the head gently.
妈妈紧紧地抱着我，拍了拍我的头。
9．She bent down to hug me gently, and I felt warm tears falling on my cheeks.她弯下腰轻轻地拥抱我，我感到温暖的眼泪落在我的脸颊上。
四、读后续写之修辞
1.Her eyes are like the stars in the night sky.
她的眼睛就像夜空中的星星（一样闪亮）（明喻）
2.Someone said that the world is a stage and we all play our parts
有人说世界就是舞台，每个人走在扮演者自己的角色.(暗喻)
3.He was running on the sports field as if he were a happy bird.(比喻）
4.The thunder clapped angrily in the distance.雷声在远处怒吼（拟人）
5.The flowers nodded to her while she passed.当她经过的时候花儿向她点点头。(拟人）
6.The flowers are dancing in the gentle breeze.花儿在微风中翩翩起舞。（拟人）
7.When she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured out.
听到这个坏消息时，她泪流成河。（夸张）
8.My heart broke in about a million pieces.我的心成了碎片。（夸张）
五、读后续写之主旨升华
热考话题一 助人为乐型
1.Through the experience, I realized that helping others makes us better as well. Just as the saying goes,"Roses given, fragrance in hand.", which will be rooted in my mind forever.
通过这次经历，我意识到帮助别人也能让我们更好。正如俗话说：“赠人玫瑰，手有余香。”，这将永远铭记在我的心中。
It is kindness/love that makes the world go around. From then on, I made up my mind to pass on kindness/ love to others.
正是善良/爱让这个世界流动。从那时起，我下定决心要把善良/爱传递给别人。
Please keep in mind that a small act of kindness can make such a great difference.
请记住小小的善举可以产生大大的影响。
热考话题二 个人成长型
1.Today’s experience was like an everlasting flower, blooming in the river of my memories.
今天的经历就像一朵永不凋零的花，绽放在我记忆的长河里。
2.The journey to success is not smooth. It is full of challenges and difficulties. We should be brave to face them. As long as we don’t give up hope and make every effort to overcome all the difficulties, we will surely achieve our goal (success) finally.
通往成功的路不会平坦，充满挑战和艰辛。我们要勇敢面对。只要不放弃希望并竭尽全力克服所有困难，我们最终会实现我们的目标（成功）。
Just as the saying goes, “Where there is a will, there is a way”.
就像名言所说，有志者事竟成。
热考话题三 脱困脱险型
1.What an unforgettable experience!There is always a way out of any plight as long as we stay calm/we never give up hope.
多么难忘的经历啊！事实证明，只有我们保持冷静/不放弃希望，就总有办法摆脱困境。
It was this unique experience that made me understand whatever difficulty we are faced with, we mustn't give up our hope.
正是这次独特的经历让我理解了无论面临任何困难，我们都不能放弃希望。
3.Only then did I realize that it was bravery that can conquer whatever difficulty came in the way.
正是在那个时候我才意识到正是勇气可以克服路上的一切困难。
4.This frightening experience taught me a valuable lesson in my life, through which I realized the importance of...
这次可怕的经历让我学习了人生中宝贵的一课。通过这次经历我认识到…的重要性。
热考话题四 亲情友情型
1.It was from the experience that both of us learned that tolerance and cooperation are the secret to a harmonious and successful life.
正是从这次经历中，我们都认识到，宽容与合作是和谐成功生活的秘诀。
2.With laughter lingering in the room, our precious friendship blossomed in the summer like a flower that never fades..
笑声回荡在房间里，我们宝贵的友谊之花盛开在这个夏季，永不凋谢。
It was at that moment that I had a full understanding of the significance of family——Family is to us what harbor is to ships.
就是在那时我完全理解了家庭的意义——家庭之于我们就像港口之于船只。
热考话题五 人与自然型
1.In a world where there is love and respect,humans and animals coexist in perfect,creating a more beautiful and connected world.
在一个充满爱与尊重的世界里，人与动物和谐共存，共同营造一个更加美好联系的世界。
2.It is through the experience that I come to understand that every life is precious and we should pay more attention to the world where we live and appreciate how the human beings and animals coexist together.
正是通过这次经历，我开始明白每一个生命都是宝贵的。我们应该多关注我们生活的世界并且去欣赏人与动物是如何共存的。
3.This experience has taught me that the health and well-being of our environment are closely linked to our own and that we can create a brighter future for all by taking action to reduce our impact.
这一经历告诉我，我们环境的健康和福祉与我们自己的环境密切相关，我们可以通过采取行动减少我们的影响，为所有人创造一个更光明的未来。
热考话题六 团队合作型
Just as the saying goes, " One person can go far, but a group of persons can travel farther.". It is through unity and cooperation that we can achieve true success
正如俗话所说:“一个人可以走得很远，但一群人可以旅行更远。”只有通过团结与合作，我们才能取得真正的成功.
一． 动词的基本形式
英语中的动词有五种基本形式，及动词原形、过去式、过去分词、现在分词和第三人称单数形式。例如：work-worked-worked-working-works等。
1. 第三人称单数的构成方法
与名词的单数变复数规则大致一样，即：
(1) 一般情况下由动词后加-s构成：work / works，read / reads等。
(2) 以s, x, sh, ch 以及字母o结构的动词，后加-es：guess / guesses, mix / mixes, go / goes, finish / finishes, catch / catches等。
(3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将y改为i 再加-es：fly / flies, study / studies等。
2. 过去式和过去分词的构成方法
分规则变化和不规则变化两种。不规则变化需逐个记忆，规则变化遵循以下原则：
(1) 一般情况下，在动词后加ed构成：work / worked, stay / stayed, shout / shouted等。
(2) 在以-e结尾动词后只加d：close / closed, like / liked, live / lived, smile / smiled等。
(3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将y改为i 再加-ed：study / studied, carry / carried等。
(4) 以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词，要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ed：stop / stopped。equip-equipped
3. 现在分词的构成方法
(1) 一般情况下，在动词后加-ing构成：work / working, sleep / sleeping, wait / waiting等。
(2) 在不发音的-e结尾动词去掉e后再加-ing：smile / smiling, move / moving 等。
(3) 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词，要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ing：sit / sitting, plan / planning等。
(4) 以字母ie结尾的动词，通常将ie改为y，再加ing：die / dying, lie / lying, tie / tying
二．形容词
1.形容词变副词的在形容词后加ly.
后缀 示例
一般直接加 ly slow →slowly complete-completely
辅音加y结尾，改y为 i +ly happy →happily easy-easily
以le结尾去e加y possible →possibly
ic结尾加ally basic→basically
特殊的 true--truly public-publicly
2.形容词和副词比较级和最高级的规则变化
构成 原级 比较级 最高级
一般单音节词和少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节词 tall taller tallest
以不发音e结尾的单音节 nice nicer nicest
在重读闭音节（即：辅音＋元音＋辅音）中， big bigger biggest
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词 busy busier busiest
其他双音节词和多音节词 important more important the most important
2. 形容词和副词比较级和最高级的不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
Good/well better best
Bad/badly/ill worse worst
Much/many more most
little less least
far farther farthest
further furthest
old older oldest
elder eldest
三．名词
（1）规则名词复数形式的构成
情况 构成方法 例词
一般情况 加s book→books map→maps
bag→bags year→years
以s, x, sh, ch等结尾的词 加es bus→buses box→boxes
wish→wishes beach→beaches
以辅音字母＋y结尾的词 变y为i, 再加es city→cities story→stories
family→families party→parties
以元音字母＋y结尾的词 直接加s boy→boys day→days
key→keys monkey→monkeys
以o结尾的词 有生命的加es;无生命的加s. photo→photos piano→pianos
kilo→kilos tomato→tomatoes
potato→potatoes hero→heroes
以f或fe结尾的词 大多数变f或fe为v，再加es knife→knives leaf→leaves
shelf→shelves thief→thieves
（2）不规则名词复数形式的构成
不规则变化的名词的复数形式有三种情况：
①改变单数名词中的元音字母。
如： foot→feet；tooth→teeth; man→men; woman→women; policeman→policemen;
policewoman→policewomen; Englishman→Englishmen(但： German→Germans)。
②词尾加?(r)en。如：child→_children； ox→oxen
③单、复数相同。如：sheep→sheep; deer→deer; fish→fish; Chinese→Chinese； Japanese→Japanese。means(方法) works（工厂）
④合成名词的复数。如果有主体名词的复合名词在主体名词部分加-s如果没有主体名词直接在词尾加s.如： passer-by — passers-by,grown-up — grown-ups.
⑤有些名词通常只用作复数。如：glasses眼镜，clothes衣服，trousers裤子，belongings所有物,surroundings环境， compasses圆规，
写作高频句
1.A feeling of nervousness flooded over me
一种紧张的感觉席卷而来。
2.My hands trembled and my heart seemed to jump out of my throat.
我的手颤抖着，心脏似乎要从喉咙里跳出来。
3.Without hesitation, I pressed the key again.
毫不犹豫，我又按了一次琴键。
4.Unfortunately, what I did was in vain and I had no idea what to do next.
不幸的是，我所做的事是徒劳无功的，我不知道接下来该怎么做了。
5.What a wonderful experience I had.
这是一段多么令人难忘的经历呀！
6.The journey to success is not smooth.
通向成功的路并不是一帆风顺的。
7.After waiting in vain for a long time, I was wandering on the road aimlessly.
徒劳地等待了很长时间，我漫无目的地徘徊在路上。
8.A sense of entertainment and relief arises, making my body refresh.
一种快乐和放松的感觉产生，我的身体焕然一新。
9.I felt a sense of warmth, flooding over my body.
我感到一股暖流涌入我的身体。
10.The storm was so huge that I couldn’t pull myself out of the water
暴风雨太猛烈了，我无法把自己从水里拉出来。
11.Depression hung over him like a heavy dark cloud and tears welled up in his eyes.
沮丧像一团沉重的乌云笼罩着他，泪水涌出了他的眼眶。
12.He nodded slightly, tears giving way to the usual big toothy smile.
他微微地点点头，泪水消失了，取而代之的是惯常的露牙笑。
13.I felt so frustrated that tears welled up in my eyes
我感到如此的沮丧，泪水涌出了我的眼眶。
14.Effective measures should be taken before things get worse.
在事态恶化之前，应该采取有效措施。
15.My hard work bore fruit eventually.
我的努力最终结出了果实。
16.It was a big dilemma for me.
对我来说，这是一种进退两难的境地。
17.I believe I have more ways than difficulties
我认为办法总比困难多。
18.His face lit up with pleasure.
他面露喜色。
19.He stamped his feet in anger.
他气得跺脚。
20.He smiled with relief.
他欣慰地笑了。
21.Please keep in mind that a small action can make a huge difference
请记住小小的行动有大大的影响。
22.You have our support whatever you decide.
不管你做什么决定，我们都支持你。
23.Deep in thought, Mary sat still against the door.
Mary 靠着门坐着，陷入了沉思。
24.What made him feel happy was that they became more confident
in learning.
让他感到开心的是，他对学习更加有信心了。
25.Faced with difficulties, I have to turn to you for help.
面对困难， 我不得不向你求助。
26.Encouraged by what the teacher said, the boy was determined to work harder.
受到老师的话的鼓励，那个男孩决心更加努力学习。
应用文模板——书信类
Dear…，
How is everything going on with you recently （问候）Hearing…（背景），I’m writing to…（目的）The reasons/details are as follows.
Initially, as is known to us all/ it’s universally acknowledged that（众所周知）…. Additionally, I’m firmly convinced that…. Ultimately，there is no doubt that I think it is a …thing，because …
I’d appreciate it if you can reply to me as soon as possible. Looking forward to your early reply. Best wishes.
Yours sincerely
……
应用文模板——活动介绍类
首段：
With the purpose of doing…, an activity themed…was held/will be held in our school.
或Last week witnessed an activity themed…，with the purpose of doing…, which involved all the students and teachers of our school.
中间：
To begin with, …delivered an opening speech about the topic.
Following that, people began to …. Some …，doing…….Others…，which…
Eventually, we took some photos together, which helped us memorize the unforgettable moments.
尾段：
The activity was highly thought of, because it not only … but also…
常见表目的的短语
raise one’s awareness of sth 提高……意识
deepen one’s understanding of sth 加深……理解
enrich students’ campus/school life 丰富校园生活
arouse one’s passion for sth 激发……的热情
relieve students’ nervousness and anxiety/stress/pressure缓解……紧张焦虑/压力
build up one’s strength 增强……体力
应用文常用句式：
1.It 's +adj+for/of sb to do sth 做某事对某人来说是……的
I find it challenging for me to do sth 我认为做……对我而言是有挑战性的
2.There is no doubt/denying that……毫无疑问/不可否认……
3.The reason why...is that... ……的原因是……
4.Just as the saying goes,…… 正如名言所说……
5.I do hope /Hopefully you can take my suggestions into consideration.
我真希望你能认真考虑我的建议。
What you are supposed to keep in mind is that……
你应该铭记在心的是……
7.It is high time we should take action.我们早该采取行动了。
8.Looking back to the past few months, what impressed me most is that..., which not only…but also…
回顾过去的几个月，让我印象最深刻的是……，它不仅……而且……
9.Only in this way can we make the world a beautiful place to live in.
只有以这样的方式我们才可以让我们的世界变得更美好。
With time going by, ... is approaching/drawing near.
随着时间的推移，……即将来临。
Ladies and gentlemen, it's an honor for me to stand here and deliver a speech, the topic of which is...
女士们先生们，很荣幸站在这里发表演讲，我演讲的话题是……
12.Welcome to actively take part in the avtivitity.
欢迎积极参加这个活动。
I’m convinced that I’m equal to the job.
我相信我能胜任这份工作。
If you want to know more, please don’t hesitate to contact me.
如果你想了解更多，请不要犹豫联系我。
Without your assistance and kindness, I couldn’t have made such great progress.
要是没有你的帮助和善良，我就不会取得如此大的进步。
Words fail to express my thanks/gratitute/appreciation to you.
语言无法表达我对你的感激。
Sorry again for any inconvenience that I caused and hope you can understand my situation.
再次因为我带来的任何不便表示歉意，希望你能理解我的情况。
I’m writing to seek help from you, as I met with some problems in…
我写信是为了向你求助，因为我在……方面遇到了一些困难。
Learning that volunteers are needed on the internet, I’m writing to apply for the position.
从网上得知你们在招募志愿者，我写信是为了申请这个职位。
A survey named… was conducted in our school recently. As can be seen in the chart, …
我们学校最近进行了一项名为……的调查。正如在图表里所看到的那样……
读后续写
学写经典句式，词句高人一筹
一、形容词作状语
1．Unable to answer the teacher's question, all the students kept silent.
回答不出老师的问题，学生们都保持沉默。
2．On my way home, I saw a middle aged man lying by the roadside, dead drunk.
在我回家的途中，我看到一个中年男子躺在路边，烂醉如泥
二、非谓语动词doing/done/having done
1．I opened the letter carefully, hoping for some clue to the identity of the owner of the wallet.
我小心翼翼打开信，希望能找到一些有关钱包主人身份的线索。
2．He listened with close attention, biting his lips and staring at the floor.
他聚精会神地听着，咬着嘴唇，眼睛盯着地板。
三、倒装结构
1．Out of the darkness came a voice he had never heard before.
黑暗中传来一个他从来没有听过的声音。
So shocked was I that I was dumbfounded with my eyes wide open.
我震惊得睁大眼睛，目瞪口呆。
四、状语从句
1．As they got closer, they realized that the dog was a wolf.
当他们靠近时，他们意识到那只狗是一头狼。
2．After high school Jennifer attended a local technical college working to pay her tuition, because there was no extra money set aside for a college education.
高中毕业后，詹妮弗上了当地一所技术学院，靠打工来支付学费，因为没有多余的钱用于大学教育。
五、with的复合结构
1．With my eyes full of tears, I rushed out of the flat and ran along the street.
我热泪盈眶，冲出公寓，沿着街道跑。
2．He stood silently with tears rolling/sliding /streaming down his cheeks.
他静静地站着，眼泪流下他的脸颊。
六、并列句
1．Stop the child, or he will be falling over.
制止那孩子，要不他会掉下去。
2．He was ill for a week, and during that week he ate nothing.
他病了一个星期，在那一个星期里他什么也没吃。
七、定语从句
1．The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp, which was surrounded by a high wire fence.
饥饿的熊闻着味道来到我们的营地，营地被高高的铁丝网包围着。
2．There was a man sick in bed, his wife, who took care of him and could not go out to work，and their little boy.
有一位男子生病在床，他的妻子照顾他，不能出去工作，还有他们的小孩子。
八、虚拟语气
1．Without setbacks, our life would not be filled with wonderful stories.
如果没有挫折，我们的人生就不会充满精彩的故事。
2．But for this experience, I wouldn't have realized that I should spend more time with my family.
要不是这次经历，我就不会意识到我应该花更多的时间和家人在一起。
九、it作形式主语
1．It never occurred to me that the basketball team of my school would be defeated in the final.
我从未想到我们学校的篮球队会在决赛中败北。
2．It struck me all of a sudden that playing against the other team is a great learning opportunity.
我突然意识到，与另一支队伍比赛是一个很好的学习机会。
十、同位语从句
1．Harry doesn't have the slightest idea what they are talking about.
Harry完全不知道他们在说什么。
2．The idea that they should try a second time is worth considering.他们应该再次尝试的想法值得考虑。
十一、强调结构
1．It was the yellow spots on its eyes that made me realize its presence.
正是它眼睛上的黄色斑点让我意识到它的存在。
2．Then Arthur realized maybe it was he that could solve his problem at that very moment.
然后亚瑟意识到也许那一刻正是他可以解决他的问题。
十二、无灵主语
1．Fear slowly creeps upon her.
＝A flood of fear welled up in her.
＝Fear flooded over her.
恐惧慢慢地涌在她身上。
2．His face flushed/burned with embarrassment/shame.
他因尴尬而满脸通红/他窘得脸都红了。
一、读后续写之情感描写
开心高兴
1．Hearing the news, he jumped/bounced up and down with excitement.
一听到这个消息，他激动得上窜下跳。
The smile on her face shone like a diamond.她脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。
愤怒生气
He felt so angry that he stormed out of the room, determined never to come back again.
他感到非常生气，怒气冲冲地冲出房间，决心再也不回来了。
Filled with anger，she was unable to utter a single word.
她大发雷霆，一个字也说不出来。
3．Her reply fueled his anger and he erupted like a volcano.
她的回答激起了他的愤怒，他就像火山一样爆发了。
焦虑困惑
Seized by a strong sense of anxiety, I began to panic.
被一种强烈的焦虑感抓住，我开始感到恐慌。
When hearing these words, he felt his inner doubts melt away.
听到这些话，他觉得心中的疑虑消失了。
His heart beat so violently that he felt like sitting on pins and needles.
他的心跳得厉害，感觉如坐针毡。
悲痛绝望
1．Hearing the news, so desperate was he that he drowned sadness in wine.
听到这个消息，他绝望地把悲伤淹没在酒里。
2. I feel like I am floating in an ocean of sadness.
我觉得我漂浮在悲伤的海洋里。
He stood silently, tears rolling down his cheeks.
他静静地站着，眼泪顺着面颊流了下来。
惊恐紧张
Frozen with fear, he was too scared to move an inch.
他吓得僵住了，吓得寸步难行。
2．My face turned pale and stood there tongue tied.
我脸色苍白，站在那儿舌头打结。
3．I was almost scared to death when there were footsteps outside the window.
我差点吓死了，窗户外有脚步声。
尴尬羞愧
His wife stood there with embarrassment and she felt blood rushing to her face.
他的妻子尴尬地站在那里，她感到血涌上了脸颊。
He lowered his head，hesitated for a moment，wondering how to hide his inner embarrassment.
他低着头，犹豫了一会儿，想知道怎么隐藏他内心的尴尬。
So ashamed was she that she could feel the blood rush to her face.
她感到非常羞愧，都能觉得血液涌上脸颊。
4.Bathed in the sunshine and delighted by fantastic scenery, we headed for the destination.
沐浴在阳光下，享受着美丽的风景，我们向目的地出发。
二、读后续写之环境描写
The sky was blue and the sun was shining.
天空蔚蓝，阳光明媚
2．An air of sadness settled over the group.
人群中笼罩着一种悲伤的气氛。
3．All the students in the class were writing the homework, and no one made a sound. It was so quiet that you could hear a pin drop.
全班同学都在写作业，没人出声。安静得连一根针掉下的声音都听得见。
When I got up the next morning, I saw that the ground was covered with a vast blanket of whiteness.
当我第二天早晨起床时，我看到大地被厚厚的白色毯子覆盖着。
5．The wind was blowing heavily, and the trees were swaying in the strong wind.
风刮得很大，树在大风中摇摆。
三、读后续写之动作描写
1. Looking up at the farmer, the boy said, “Thank you.”
抬头看着这个农民，这个男孩说道：谢谢你！
Terrified by what he saw, he stood frozen like ice, not knowing what to say.
被眼前看到的吓到了，他僵站在那里，不知道说些什么。
Encouraged by the teacher’s words, Lucy raised her hand, whispering, “I’ll do it.”
受老师的话的鼓舞，露西举起手说：“我来做”。
4.She buried her head in the pillow.她用枕头捂住脑袋
5.I grasped it tightly with tears rolling down my cheeks.
我紧紧地抓住它，泪水顺着脸颊滚落下来。
6．He grabbed my arms and pulled me up.他抓住我的胳膊把我拉了上来。
7．Feeling excited and grateful for the kids' help, he burst into tears and hugged them tightly.
对孩子们的帮助感到兴奋和感激，他哭了起来，紧紧地拥抱着他们。
8．Mom embraced me tightly and patted me on the head gently.
妈妈紧紧地抱着我，拍了拍我的头。
9．She bent down to hug me gently, and I felt warm tears falling on my cheeks.她弯下腰轻轻地拥抱我，我感到温暖的眼泪落在我的脸颊上。
四、读后续写之修辞
1.Her eyes are like the stars in the night sky.
她的眼睛就像夜空中的星星（一样闪亮）（明喻）
2.Someone said that the world is a stage and we all play our parts
有人说世界就是舞台，每个人走在扮演者自己的角色.(暗喻)
3.He was running on the sports field as if he were a happy bird.(比喻）
4.The thunder clapped angrily in the distance.雷声在远处怒吼（拟人）
5.The flowers nodded to her while she passed.当她经过的时候花儿向她点点头。(拟人）
6.The flowers are dancing in the gentle breeze.花儿在微风中翩翩起舞。（拟人）
7.When she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured out.
听到这个坏消息时，她泪流成河。（夸张）
8.My heart broke in about a million pieces.我的心成了碎片。（夸张）
五、读后续写之主旨升华
热考话题一 助人为乐型
1.Through the experience, I realized that helping others makes us better as well. Just as the saying goes,"Roses given, fragrance in hand.", which will be rooted in my mind forever.
通过这次经历，我意识到帮助别人也能让我们更好。正如俗话说：“赠人玫瑰，手有余香。”，这将永远铭记在我的心中。
It is kindness/love that makes the world go around. From then on, I made up my mind to pass on kindness/ love to others.
正是善良/爱让这个世界流动。从那时起，我下定决心要把善良/爱传递给别人。
Please keep in mind that a small act of kindness can make such a great difference.
请记住小小的善举可以产生大大的影响。
热考话题二 个人成长型
1.Today’s experience was like an everlasting flower, blooming in the river of my memories.
今天的经历就像一朵永不凋零的花，绽放在我记忆的长河里。
2.The journey to success is not smooth. It is full of challenges and difficulties. We should be brave to face them. As long as we don’t give up hope and make every effort to overcome all the difficulties, we will surely achieve our goal (success) finally.
通往成功的路不会平坦，充满挑战和艰辛。我们要勇敢面对。只要不放弃希望并竭尽全力克服所有困难，我们最终会实现我们的目标（成功）。
Just as the saying goes, “Where there is a will, there is a way”.
就像名言所说，有志者事竟成。
热考话题三 脱困脱险型
1.What an unforgettable experience!There is always a way out of any plight as long as we stay calm/we never give up hope.
多么难忘的经历啊！事实证明，只有我们保持冷静/不放弃希望，就总有办法摆脱困境。
It was this unique experience that made me understand whatever difficulty we are faced with, we mustn't give up our hope.
正是这次独特的经历让我理解了无论面临任何困难，我们都不能放弃希望。
3.Only then did I realize that it was bravery that can conquer whatever difficulty came in the way.
正是在那个时候我才意识到正是勇气可以克服路上的一切困难。
4.This frightening experience taught me a valuable lesson in my life, through which I realized the importance of...
这次可怕的经历让我学习了人生中宝贵的一课。通过这次经历我认识到…的重要性。
热考话题四 亲情友情型
1.It was from the experience that both of us learned that tolerance and cooperation are the secret to a harmonious and successful life.
正是从这次经历中，我们都认识到，宽容与合作是和谐成功生活的秘诀。
2.With laughter lingering in the room, our precious friendship blossomed in the summer like a flower that never fades..
笑声回荡在房间里，我们宝贵的友谊之花盛开在这个夏季，永不凋谢。
It was at that moment that I had a full understanding of the significance of family——Family is to us what harbor is to ships.
就是在那时我完全理解了家庭的意义——家庭之于我们就像港口之于船只。
热考话题五 人与自然型
1.In a world where there is love and respect,humans and animals coexist in perfect,creating a more beautiful and connected world.
在一个充满爱与尊重的世界里，人与动物和谐共存，共同营造一个更加美好联系的世界。
2.It is through the experience that I come to understand that every life is precious and we should pay more attention to the world where we live and appreciate how the human beings and animals coexist together.
正是通过这次经历，我开始明白每一个生命都是宝贵的。我们应该多关注我们生活的世界并且去欣赏人与动物是如何共存的。
3.This experience has taught me that the health and well-being of our environment are closely linked to our own and that we can create a brighter future for all by taking action to reduce our impact.
这一经历告诉我，我们环境的健康和福祉与我们自己的环境密切相关，我们可以通过采取行动减少我们的影响，为所有人创造一个更光明的未来。
热考话题六 团队合作型
Just as the saying goes, " One person can go far, but a group of persons can travel farther.". It is through unity and cooperation that we can achieve true success
正如俗话所说:“一个人可以走得很远，但一群人可以旅行更远。”只有通过团结与合作，我们才能取得真正的成功.
一． 动词的基本形式
英语中的动词有五种基本形式，及动词原形、过去式、过去分词、现在分词和第三人称单数形式。例如：work-worked-worked-working-works等。
1. 第三人称单数的构成方法
与名词的单数变复数规则大致一样，即：
(1) 一般情况下由动词后加-s构成：work / works，read / reads等。
(2) 以s, x, sh, ch 以及字母o结构的动词，后加-es：guess / guesses, mix / mixes, go / goes, finish / finishes, catch / catches等。
(3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将y改为i 再加-es：fly / flies, study / studies等。
2. 过去式和过去分词的构成方法
分规则变化和不规则变化两种。不规则变化需逐个记忆，规则变化遵循以下原则：
(1) 一般情况下，在动词后加ed构成：work / worked, stay / stayed, shout / shouted等。
(2) 在以-e结尾动词后只加d：close / closed, like / liked, live / lived, smile / smiled等。
(3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将y改为i 再加-ed：study / studied, carry / carried等。
(4) 以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词，要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ed：stop / stopped。equip-equipped
3. 现在分词的构成方法
(1) 一般情况下，在动词后加-ing构成：work / working, sleep / sleeping, wait / waiting等。
(2) 在不发音的-e结尾动词去掉e后再加-ing：smile / smiling, move / moving 等。
(3) 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词，要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ing：sit / sitting, plan / planning等。
(4) 以字母ie结尾的动词，通常将ie改为y，再加ing：die / dying, lie / lying, tie / tying
二．形容词
1.形容词变副词的在形容词后加ly.
后缀 示例
一般直接加 ly slow →slowly complete-completely
辅音加y结尾，改y为 i +ly happy →happily easy-easily
以le结尾去e加y possible →possibly
ic结尾加ally basic→basically
特殊的 true--truly public-publicly
2.形容词和副词比较级和最高级的规则变化
构成 原级 比较级 最高级
一般单音节词和少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节词 tall taller tallest
以不发音e结尾的单音节 nice nicer nicest
在重读闭音节（即：辅音＋元音＋辅音）中， big bigger biggest
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词 busy busier busiest
其他双音节词和多音节词 important more important the most important
2. 形容词和副词比较级和最高级的不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
Good/well better best
Bad/badly/ill worse worst
Much/many more most
little less least
far farther farthest
further furthest
old older oldest
elder eldest
三．名词
（1）规则名词复数形式的构成
情况 构成方法 例词
一般情况 加s book→books map→maps
bag→bags year→years
以s, x, sh, ch等结尾的词 加es bus→buses box→boxes
wish→wishes beach→beaches
以辅音字母＋y结尾的词 变y为i, 再加es city→cities story→stories
family→families party→parties
以元音字母＋y结尾的词 直接加s boy→boys day→days
key→keys monkey→monkeys
以o结尾的词 有生命的加es;无生命的加s. photo→photos piano→pianos
kilo→kilos tomato→tomatoes
potato→potatoes hero→heroes
以f或fe结尾的词 大多数变f或fe为v，再加es knife→knives leaf→leaves
shelf→shelves thief→thieves
（2）不规则名词复数形式的构成
不规则变化的名词的复数形式有三种情况：
①改变单数名词中的元音字母。
如： foot→feet；tooth→teeth; man→men; woman→women; policeman→policemen;
policewoman→policewomen; Englishman→Englishmen(但： German→Germans)。
②词尾加?(r)en。如：child→_children； ox→oxen
③单、复数相同。如：sheep→sheep; deer→deer; fish→fish; Chinese→Chinese； Japanese→Japanese。means(方法) works（工厂）
④合成名词的复数。如果有主体名词的复合名词在主体名词部分加-s如果没有主体名词直接在词尾加s.如： passer-by — passers-by,grown-up — grown-ups.
⑤有些名词通常只用作复数。如：glasses眼镜，clothes衣服，trousers裤子，belongings所有物,surroundings环境， compasses圆规，
写作高频句
1.A feeling of nervousness flooded over me
一种紧张的感觉席卷而来。
2.My hands trembled and my heart seemed to jump out of my throat.
我的手颤抖着，心脏似乎要从喉咙里跳出来。
3.Without hesitation, I pressed the key again.
毫不犹豫，我又按了一次琴键。
4.Unfortunately, what I did was in vain and I had no idea what to do next.
不幸的是，我所做的事是徒劳无功的，我不知道接下来该怎么做了。
5.What a wonderful experience I had.
这是一段多么令人难忘的经历呀！
6.The journey to success is not smooth.
通向成功的路并不是一帆风顺的。
7.After waiting in vain for a long time, I was wandering on the road aimlessly.
徒劳地等待了很长时间，我漫无目的地徘徊在路上。
8.A sense of entertainment and relief arises, making my body refresh.
一种快乐和放松的感觉产生，我的身体焕然一新。
9.I felt a sense of warmth, flooding over my body.
我感到一股暖流涌入我的身体。
10.The storm was so huge that I couldn’t pull myself out of the water
暴风雨太猛烈了，我无法把自己从水里拉出来。
11.Depression hung over him like a heavy dark cloud and tears welled up in his eyes.
沮丧像一团沉重的乌云笼罩着他，泪水涌出了他的眼眶。
12.He nodded slightly, tears giving way to the usual big toothy smile.
他微微地点点头，泪水消失了，取而代之的是惯常的露牙笑。
13.I felt so frustrated that tears welled up in my eyes
我感到如此的沮丧，泪水涌出了我的眼眶。
14.Effective measures should be taken before things get worse.
在事态恶化之前，应该采取有效措施。
15.My hard work bore fruit eventually.
我的努力最终结出了果实。
16.It was a big dilemma for me.
对我来说，这是一种进退两难的境地。
17.I believe I have more ways than difficulties
我认为办法总比困难多。
18.His face lit up with pleasure.
他面露喜色。
19.He stamped his feet in anger.
他气得跺脚。
20.He smiled with relief.
他欣慰地笑了。
21.Please keep in mind that a small action can make a huge difference
请记住小小的行动有大大的影响。
22.You have our support whatever you decide.
不管你做什么决定，我们都支持你。
23.Deep in thought, Mary sat still against the door.
Mary 靠着门坐着，陷入了沉思。
24.What made him feel happy was that they became more confident
in learning.
让他感到开心的是，他对学习更加有信心了。
25.Faced with difficulties, I have to turn to you for help.
面对困难， 我不得不向你求助。
26.Encouraged by what the teacher said, the boy was determined to work harder.
受到老师的话的鼓励，那个男孩决心更加努力学习。