2024年广东省人教版英语中考复习之三大从句讲解及练习（无答案）

宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句
宾语从句
在主从复合句中，作宾语的是一个从句，这个从句就称为宾语从句。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。
◆ 知识点1：宾语从句语序
宾语从句要用陈述句语序。在把两个独立的句子连成一个含有宾语从句的复合句时，要特别注意从句的语序，即按照主语 + 谓语的顺序。
( )1.Please tell me ________ to improve my English.
A.what I can do B.what can I do C.when I can do D.how can I do
( )2.--Do you know ________ --Yes, there is a coffee shop at the corner of the street.
A.when I can get a cup of coffee B.when can I get a cup of coffee
C.where I can get a cup of coffee D.where can I get a cup of coffee
◆ 知识点2： 宾语从句的时态 ★主现从任，主过从过，真理一般现在时
A.若主句的时态是现在的某种时态(包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时)，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。 I remember he gave me a book yesterday./ He has told me that he’ll leave for China tomorrow.
( )1.--Can you tell me ________ the prize, Tom --Last year.
A.when you got B.when did you get C.when will you get D.when you will get
( )2.--Could you tell me ________ --You can take No.16 bus.
A.how can we get to the Olympic Park B.how we can get to the Olympic Park
C.how did we get to the Olympic Park D.how we got to the Olympic Park
B.如果主句的时态是过去的某种时态(包括一般过去时、过去进行时)，宾语从句要用相应的过去时态(包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)。
★注意：如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时。
( )1.He told me that the earth ________ around the sun.
A.goes B.go C.going D.went
( )2.Scientists have proved that the earth________ around the sun.
A.turns B turning C turn D turned
◆ 知识点3：宾语从句的引导词(连接词)
◆ that(陈述句)，if whether(一般疑问句)，8wh- and how(特殊疑问句)
引导词 引导词的作用 例句
that 本身无意义，只起连接作用，口语中可省略 He said (that) his sister was good at cooking.
what,which,whom, whose,who等 在从句中作一定的成分，如主语、宾语、定语等 I don’t know what you are going to do. Jerry asked me whose schoolbag it was.
when (表时间), where (表地点), why (表原因),how (表方式)等 在从句中作状语 Could you tell me where you are from Do you know how we can find his new home I wonder why he won’t come here tomorrow.
if / whether 意为“是否”，不作句子成分，但不能省略 He asked me if / whether Leo was a teacher. I wonder whether he likes maths or not.
定语从句
A.定语:用来限定修饰名词或代词的句子成分, 是对名词或代词起修饰限定作用的词短语或句子, 汉语中常用"...的"表示。单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前, 作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后, 作后置定语。
B.定语从句是指在一个复合句中修饰某一名词或代词, 作定语的句子, 定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。
I know the girl. The girl is sitting under the tree
先行词
I know the girl that/who is sitting under the tree.
引导词
从句/定语从句
C.The man who lives next to us is a policeman. You must do everything that I do.
上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词, 叫先行词, 定语从句放在先行词的后面。
引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格whom所有格whose)和关系副词where, when, why。
D.关系代词引导的定语从句
who指人, 在从句中做主语 The boys who are playing football are from Class One.
whom指人, 在定语从句中充当宾语, 常可省略。 Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about.
whose通常指人, 也可指物, 在定语从句中做定语 He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
which指物, 在定语从句中做主语或者宾语 Football is a game which is liked by most boys.
that指人时, 相当于who或者whom;指物时, 相当于which
The people that/who come to visit the city are all here.
Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning
状语从句
A.状语从句根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引导。
B.从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。
C.引导词/词组：when / as / while / before / after / since / not...until / until/till / where / because / so that / if / unless / though / although /even though 等
三大从句综合训练
( ) 1.--How soon will you start your journey --I’m not sure.I haven’t decided _________.
A.when shall I ask the boss for leave B.where I will go to spend the holiday
C.whether I would go by train or by plane D.who could invite me to go
( ) 2.--Could you please tell me _________ --Yes.There is one on Center Street.
A.where can I buy some stamps B.when you will take your vacation
C.when was the telephone invented D.if there are any good restaurants around here
( ) 3.--Excuse me.Can you tell me _________ --At about 8 o’clock, sir.
A.what time the plane will reach Beijing B.what time will the plane arrive in Beijing
C.what time the plane will arrive Beijing D.what time will the plane get to Beijing
( ) 4.-- Please tell me _________ the scarf --She bought it online, I guess.
A.if Alice liked B.when Alice bought C.where Alice bought D.how much did Alice pay for
( ) 5.--Could you tell me _________ --At the end of July.
A.how often he heard from his pen pal B.how soon he will be here
C.that he went on vacation D.when you will start your vacation
( ) 6.--What kind of movies do you like --I like the movies _____ are about Chinese history.
A.who B.whom C.whose D.that
( ) 7.The photos successfully show the rich culture _________makes Beijing so famous.
A.what B.which C.who D.why
( ) 8.One of the most interesting places in Yangzhou ____________ are often visited by foreigners is the West Slender Lake.
A.what B.who C.that D./
( ) 9.--Who is your new head teacher this semester --The woman _________ is wearing a red skirt.
A.whom B.who C.whose D.which
( ) 10.--Is there anyone here _________ name is Betty --Sorry, I don’t know.
who B.which C.whom D.whose
( ) 11.--Mike wants to know if you will have a picnic tomorrow.
--Of course.But if it _________ , we’ll visit the museum instead.
A.will rain B.rain C.rained D.rains
( ) 12.If farmers _________ trees and forests, giant pandas nowhere _________ to live.
A.cut down; have B.will cut down; will have C.will cut down;have D.cut down;will have
( ) 13.Henry will give us a report as soon as he _________ .
A.arrives B.arrived C.is arriving D.will arrive
( ) 14.--What are you doing tomorrow, Jane
--I’ll go bike riding if it _________ .I like riding on rainy days.
A.doesn’t rain B.is cloudy C.is snowy D.rains
( ) 15.A friend is someone _________ says,”What ! You too I thought I was the only one!”
A.who B.which C.what D.whose
( ) 16.The stories _________ were written by Mark Twain are often humorous.
A.that B.those C.who D.what
( ) 17.She is the girl _________ painting won the first in school competition.
A.who B.whom C.whose D.that
( ) 18.I don’t know the reason _________ she didn’t agree to our plan.
A.why B.when C.who D.what
( ) 19.All _________ I’m going to do is for you, not for me.
A.which B.that C.what D.who
( ) 20.Baymax is a cartoon character _________ is very popular with young people.
A.which B.who C.whom D.what
( ) 21.People _________ smoke in a public place may have to pay 500yuan as a punishment.
A.whose B.who C.which D.whom
( ) 22.I’ll never forget the day _________ the teacher came to see me in the hospital.
A.that B.why C.when D.where
( ) 23.If I have enough money, I _________ the ticket to Tan Dun concert.
A.will buy B.buys C.bought D.buy
( ) 24.You must study hard if you _________ want to fail the exam.
A.won’t B.don’t C.haven’t D.hadn’t
( ) 25.--We’ll go to the supermarket if it ________ --Really The thing is, who knows when it _______
A.doesn’t rain,will stop raining B.is rain; stops raining
C.don’t rainy; won’t rain D.won’t rain; stops to rain
( ) 26.If Nick _________ home too late, he _________ his favorite cartoon.
A.gets;misses B.gets;will miss C.will get;misses D.will get;will miss
( ) 27.Studying in group is necessary _________ you want to do well in school.
A.or B.unless C.if D.so
( ) 28.--Have you ever been in Nanjing very long --Yeah._________ my parents came here
A.For B.And C.Since D.Unless
( ) 29.I won’t take part in Julie’s birthday party _________ I am invited.
A.unless B.after C.because D.if
( ) 30.-- Is the girl _________ is interviewing the manager of that company your friend
--Yes, she is a journalist from CCTV.
A.whom B.which C.who D.whose