Unit 11 How was your school trip
Section A (Grammar Focus-3b)
本单元话题是“学校组织的游览活动”(School trips)。本节课是本单元的第二节课,是一节语法课。本部分梳理了一般过去时的用法,包括谓语动词分别为be动词和实义动词的一般过去时的陈述句、一般疑问句及其回答,还展示了部分规则动词和不规则动词的过去式形式。需要学生在练习的过程中掌握使用 be 动词的一般过去时描述或询问过去的状态、使用实义动词的一般过去时描述或询问过去发生的事情,并能够归纳动词过去式的变化规律。
学完这一课,学生能够掌握:
1.语法:含有be动词和实义动词的一般过去时的陈述句、一般疑问句及其回答,规则动词和不规则动词的过去式;
2.交际功能:使用be动词的一般过去时描述或询问过去的状态、使用实义动词的一般过去时描述或询问过去发生的事情。
含有be动词和实义动词的一般过去时的陈述句、一般疑问句及其回答;规则动词和不规则动词的过去式。
含有be动词和实义动词的一般过去时的陈述句、一般疑问句及其回答;规则动词和不规则动词的过去式。
新课导入
教师通过图片及问题“What did she/he/they do last weekend Did she/he/they ... ”导入新课,引导学生体会一般过去时的使用场景,激发学生的学习兴趣。
本环节可以让学生两人一组结合自己的实际情况进行问答练习,使语言运用更贴近生活。
新知探究
Step 1: Pre-learning
【教师活动】让学生观察并朗读 Grammar Focus 中的句子及教师给出的其他例句,在语境中感受如何用含有 be 动词和实义动词的一般过去时的陈述句、一般疑问句来描述或询问过去的状态或过去发生的事情。
【学生活动】观察 Grammar Focus 中的句子及教师给出的其他例句,对本单元的重点语法有初步的认识。完成学习任务单中的课堂学习任务一的第1题。
Step 2: While-learning
【教师活动】让学生再次仔细观察 Grammar Focus 中的句子及教师给出的其他例句,分组讨论,通过以下问题归纳一般过去时的用法。
(1)一般过去时的陈述句中动词有什么特点?
(2)一般过去时的一般疑问句有哪两种不同的结构?
(3)带 be 动词的一般疑问句的句式结构是什么?如何进行简短回答
(4)带 be 动词的特殊疑问句的句式结构是什么?如何回答?
(5)带实义动词的一般疑问句的句式结构是什么?如何回答?
【学生活动】完成学习任务单中的课堂学习任务一的第2题。
【教师活动】让学生分组进行探究,由学生整体总结归纳该部分的语法知识。教师最后进行补充讲解。
【学生活动】小组讨论,总结归纳本部分的语法知识,完成学习任务单中的课堂学习任务二。在教师讲解后,根据自己的实际掌握情况进行查漏补缺。
【教师活动】
(1)让学生再次仔细观察 Grammar Focus 中的句子,找出动词的过去式。并尝试写出更多的动词及其过去式。
(2)让学生分组讨论,根据所填表格总结归纳规则动词及不规则动词的过去式。
【学生活动】完成学习任务单中的课堂学习任务三。
【教师活动】让学生分组进行探究,由学生整体总结归纳规则动词和不规则动词的过去式。教师最后进行补充讲解。
【学生活动】小组讨论,总结归纳语法知识,完成学习任务单中的课堂学习任务四。在教师讲解后,根据自己的实际掌握情况进行查漏补缺。
Step 3: Post-learning
【教师活动】让学生快速浏览3a的两封信件,说说两封信的大概内容,通过问题帮助学生归纳两封信的大意。
Letter 1:
(1)Who wrote the first letter
(2)Why did he write the letter
Letter 2:
(1)Who wrote the second letter
(2)What did he write about
【学生活动】完成学习任务单中的课堂学习任务五的第1题。
【教师活动】
(1)让学生自主完成3a的任务,两人一组核对答案。
(2)请几个学生朗读信件内容,注意纠正学生的语音、语调和意群划分。
【学生活动】完成学习任务单中的课堂学习任务五的第2题。
【教师活动】引导学生根据信件内容推测词汇含义。
【学生活动】完成学习任务单中的课堂学习任务五的第3题。
【教师活动】
(1)将学生分成几个小组,让学生读3b的任务要求,然后仿照图片内容根据要求在组内进行句子接龙,可以先挑选几个学生进行示范。
(2)让学生将句子连成一个故事,然后每个小组选一个代表进行故事汇报,在全班选出有趣的、语言运用准确丰富的故事。
【学生活动】完成学习任务单中的课堂学习任务五的第4题。
【教师活动】让学生几人一组根据表格内容进行调查,记录好调查结果,然后根据调查结果、3b的任务要求及图片内容编写一个故事。此任务可以作为课后作业来完成。
【学生活动】完成学习任务单中的课堂学习任务五的第5题。
Step 4: Language points in Grammar Focus-3b
【教师活动】让学生分组进行探究,列出他们认为本节课的重点知识。教师最后进行整体讲解。
【学生活动】列出本节课的重点知识,小组讨论,总结归纳,完成学习任务单中的课堂学习任务六。在教师讲解后,根据自己的实际掌握情况进行查漏补缺。
课堂小结
一般过去时
·功能
·句式结构
·规则动词的过去式变化
·不规则动词的过去式变化
课后作业
布置学生课下完成:
What did you do last weekend Write a letter to tell your friend in another city.
板书设计
Unit 11 How was your school trip (Period 2)
Section A (Grammar Focus-3b)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(共27张PPT)
Unit 11 How was your school trip
Section A (Grammar Focus-3b)
What did she/he/they do last weekend Did she/he/they ...
sat by the pool and drank orange juice
climbed the mountains
played the piano
rode bikes
went to a party
wrote a letter
Look at the sentences
What can you find Discuss in your group.
Questions Answers
How was your school trip It was great!
Did you go to the zoo No, I didn’t. I went to a farm.
Did you see any cows Yes, I did. I saw quite a lot.
Did Carol ride a horse No, she didn’t. But she milked a cow.
Were the strawberries good Yes, they were. / No, they weren’t.
Grammar Focus
Mr. Li was very busy last week. 李先生上周很忙。
They were at home yesterday. 他们昨天在家。
Mr. Liu wasn’t very busy last week. 刘先生上周不太忙。
They were not at home last night. 他们昨天晚上不在家。
—Was Mr. Li very busy last week 李先生上周很忙吗?
—Yes, he was. 是的,他上周很忙。
—Were they at home last night 他们昨天晚上在家吗?
—No, they weren’t. 不,他们昨天晚上不在家。
Grammar Focus
Grammar Focus
He played basketball yesterday. 他昨天打篮球了。
I got up at 6:30 last Sunday. 我上周日6:30起的床。
John didn’t play basketball yesterday. 他昨天没打篮球。
I didn’t get up at 6:30 yesterday. 我昨天6:30没起床。
—Did he play basketball yesterday 他昨天打篮球了吗?
—Yes, he did. 是的,他昨天打篮球了。
—Did you get up at 6:30 yesterday 你昨天6:30起床了吗?
—No, I didn’t. 不,我没有。
Grammar Focus
一般过去时
表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为;过去主语所具备的能力、性格。
在英语语法中,“时” 指动作发生的时间,“态”指动作的样子和状态。
Grammar Focus
肯定形式: 主语+动词的________+其他.
否定形式: ①主语+was/were+not ...
(was not 缩写为______,were not 缩写为_______)
②在实义动词前加 didn’t,同时实义动词_________。
一般疑问句:③Was/Were+主语+其他
肯定回答:Yes, … ______ /______.
否定回答:No, … _______ / ________.
④ ______ +主语+实义动词的________+其他
肯定回答:Yes, … _______.
否定回答:No, … ______.
特殊疑问句:⑤疑问词+was/were +主语 +其他
句式变化
过去式
wasn’t
weren’t
用原形
was
Did
原形
were
wasn’t
weren’t
did
didn’t
一般过去时
was did didn’t went saw milked were weren’t rode
Grammar Focus
你还知道哪些
动词的过去式?
Grammar Focus
Verb Past tense Verb Past tense
play do
clean go
stay have/has
visit is/am
live are
study see
plan ride
played
cleaned
stayed
visited
lived
studied
did
went
had
was
were
Fill in the chart
Regular verbs 规则动词 Irregular verbs 不规则动词
一般过去时
planned
saw
rode
watch—watched look— looked clean—cleaned play—played
work—worked want—wanted
一般情况下,动词词尾加 –ed。
一般过去时
Grammar Focus
Look at the past forms of the verbs. Summarize the rules.
dance—danced like—liked
love—loved live—lived
arrive—arrived
以不发音的 e 结尾的动词,动词词尾加 –d。
Look at the past forms of the verbs. Summarize the rules.
一般过去时
Grammar Focus
worry—worried
study—studied
以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,把y变为i 再加 –ed。
一般过去时
Grammar Focus
Look at the past forms of the verbs. Summarize the rules.
stop—stopped
plan—planned
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加 –ed。
一般过去时
Grammar Focus
Look at the past forms of the verbs. Summarize the rules.
一般过去时
go—went eat—ate make—made get—got buy—bought
come—came is/am—was are—were see—saw
bring—brought do—did teach—taught think—thought
say—said sit—sat put—put grow—grew take—took
swim—swam sing—sang draw—drew ride—rode
不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。
Grammar Focus
Look at the past forms of the verbs. Summarize the rules.
一般过去时
改变元音字母 come—came, get—got, forget—forgot,
give—gave, ride—rode
字母组合ee变化 feel—felt, keep—kept
部分以ow/aw结尾的变成ew know—knew, draw—drew
部分以d结尾的词,把d变成t spend—spent
词形不变,个别单词的读音发生变化 cut—cut, put—put,
read /ri d/ —read /red/
其他 eat—ate
Grammar Focus
—What did you do this Dragon Boat Festival
—I _________ the boat races on TV and read books.
A.watch B.watched C.am watching D.will watch
B
典例
可用语法判断法和语境分析法解答本题。问句问的是在端午节做了什么,发生在过去的事情,由助动词 did 可知考查的是一般过去时,答语也用一般过去时。
点拨
一般过去时
Complete Jim’s letter and Bill’s reply.
3a
Dear Bill,
How ______ (is) your school trip yesterday ______(do) you ______ (go) to the zoo ______(do) you take any photos ______(do) you ______ (see) any interesting animals I ______ (go) to the zoo last year and it ______ (is) a lot of fun.
Jim
was
Did
go
Did
Did
see
went
was
Who wrote the first letter
Why did he write the letter
3a
Dear Jim,
My school trip ______ (is) great! We ______ (have) so much fun! We ______ (go) to Green Park. We _______ (climb) the mountains there and ______ (see) a lot of flowers. We ______ (eat) our lunch under some trees and ______ (play) some games after that. But at about two o’clock, it ______ (get) very cloudy and we _______ (worry) it would rain.
Luckily, it ______(do not), and the sun ______ (come) out again!
Bill
was
had
went
climbed
saw
ate
played
got
worried
didn’t
came
luck→lucky
Who wrote the second letter
What did he write about
Complete Jim’s letter and Bill’s reply.
Make up a story. Each student adds a sentence.
3b
Last week I visited my aunt’s house.
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
The weather was beautiful.
We went fishing.
We climbed the mountains.
We sat under a big tree.
We got very tired.
The scenery is beautiful on the top of the mountain.
We arrived at the river.
Others
Make a survey
1.But at about two o’clock, it got very cloudy and we worried it would rain.
但在大约两点钟,天变得很阴沉了,我们担心会下雨。
worry 此处作及物动词,意为“使担心;使担忧”,后面常接名词、代词或从句作宾语。
e.g. What worried you so much 什么事使你这么担忧?
The teacher worried that these problems might be too hard for her students.
这位老师担心这些问题对她的学生来说可能太难。
1.But at about two o’clock, it got very cloudy and we worried it would rain.
但在大约两点钟,天变得很阴沉了,我们担心会下雨。
①worry 还可作不及物动词,意为“发愁;担心”,后接宾语时,常加 about。
e.g. Don’t worry about John. He will come back soon.
不要担心约翰。他很快会回来。
②worry 还可用作名词,意为“担心;担忧”。
e.g. He was sleepless with worry.
他因担心而失眠了。
拓展
2.Luckily, it did not, and the sun came out again!
幸运的是,没有下雨,并且太阳又出来了!
(1)luckily 副词,意为“幸运地;好运地”,通常放在句首,表示“幸运的是”,用来修饰整个句子。
e.g. Luckily, we got there on time. 幸运的是,我们准时到达了那里。
(2)sun 名词,意为“太阳”,为世界上独一无二的事物,其前通常加定冠词 the。类似的名词还有 moon、earth等。
e.g. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
太阳东升西落。
2.Luckily, it did not, and the sun came out again!
幸运的是,没有下雨,并且太阳又出来了!
(3)come out 意为“出来”,还表示“(花儿)开放;(书)出版”。
e.g. The sun is coming out.
太阳就要出来了。
Many flowers come out in spring.
许多花儿在春天开。
His new book came out last month.
他的新书上个月出版了。
Grammar
规则动词的过去式变化
不规则动词的过去式变化
功能
句式结构
一般过去时
What did you do last weekend Write a letter to tell your friend in another city.