Unit 1 What's the matter Section B 1a－3b导学案 人教版英语八年级下册

Lesson 4　Section B (1a－3b)
基础练习
请预习下列重点单词和短语，并完成下面的表格及相关训练。
重点 单词 名词 1. 膝；膝盖 2. 鼻出血 3. 登山者；攀登者 (v.)攀登；爬 4．(交通)事故；意外遭遇 5. 情况；状况 6. 千克；公斤 7. 岩石 8. 刀 (pl.) 9. 血 10. 重要性；重要 (adj.)重要的 11. 决定；抉择 (v.)决定；选定 (短语)做决定 12. 勇气；意志 13．死；死亡 (v.)消失；灭亡；死亡 (adj.)死的；失去生命的 14. 护士
动词 15.压；挤；按 16. 呼吸 17. 意思是；打算；意欲 (过去式)
形容词 18. 生病的；有病的 19. 晒伤的
代词 20. (we的反身代词)我们自己
兼词 21. (n.)绷带 (v.)用绷带包扎 22. (n. & v．)危险；风险；冒险 23. (n. & v．)限制；约束；管理
重点 短语 1. 习惯于……；适应于…… 2. 冒险 3. 用尽；耗尽 4. 切除 5. 离开；从……出来 6. 掌管；管理 7. 放弃
根据语境或提示，完成填空。
1．The little boy cut his finger and lost much b yesterday.
2. The mother cared for the (生病的)child day and night.
3．The (die) of his father made him really sad for a long time.
4. Think twice before you make a (decide) on this matter.
5. The car was out of c and hit a tree. Luckily, the driver didn't get hurt.
佳句仿写
1. There were many times when Aron almost lost his life because of accidents.
2. ... when he was climbing by himself in the mountains.
3. ... he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood.
4. In this book, Aron tells of the importance of making good decisions, ...
句子仿写
因为大雨，他上学迟到了。
汤姆靠自己完成了所有的作业。
妈妈早早起床以便能赶上早班车。
老师给我们讲述了安全(safety)的重要性。
课时练习
知识探究
As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks.
【自主探究】　be used to意为“习惯于……；适应于……”，强调状态。此处to为介词，后接名词(短语)、代词或动词－ing形式。该短语中be还可换成get，强调过程。如：He is used to drinking tea with honey.
辨析be used to doing sth.，be used to do sth.与used to do sth.
【习题演练】
()1.My parents are used to ________ after supper.　
A. walk B. walks
C. walking D. walked
But when his water ran out, he knew ...
【自主探究】　run out意为“用尽；耗尽”，其主语通常是被用尽的时间、食物、金钱等，后面不能直接跟宾语。如：Her money soon ran out.
run out of的用法
◆run out of意为“用尽……，耗尽……”，其主语为表示人的名词或代词，宾语为被用尽的物，相当于use up。如：I have run out of all my money.＝I have used up all my money.
◆run out of还意为“从……跑出去”。如：A big animal ran out of the zoo last night.
【习题演练】
()2. We should take care of water. Or, they will ________ one day.
A. put out B. run out
C. get out D. sell out
So he used his knife to cut off half his right arm.
【自主探究】　cut off意为“切除；切断”，为“动词＋副词”型结构，宾语是名词时，可放在cut与off之间，也可放在off之后；宾语是人称代词时，只能放在cut和off之间。
常见的与cut相关的短语：
cut down砍倒；减少　　　　　　cut up切碎　　　　　　cut in插入；插话
cut out删掉；割去　　　　　　　cut ... into ... 把……切成……
【习题演练】
3. 这些花很漂亮，不要把它们剪下来。
The flowers are beautiful. Don't .
... he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood.
【自主探究】　辨析so that与so ... that ...
so that 意为“以便；为了”，引导目的状语从句。so that前通常没有逗号与主句隔开，可与in order that互换
意为“因此；所以”，引导结果状语从句。从句根据需要使用相应的时态，so that前可以用逗号
so ... that ... 意为“如此……以至于……”，that引导结果状语从句。此句型中，so是副词，常用来修饰形容词或副词
◇Bring it closer so that (＝in order that) I may see it better.
◇She got up late, so that she missed the early bus.
◇She is so young that she can't look after herself.
【习题演练】
4. 重庆如此美丽，以至于每年有成千上万的人来参观。
Chongqing is beautiful thousands of tourists visit it every year.
详读　请阅读课本2b短文，用完整的句子回答下列问题。
1. Where does Aron come from
2. What happened to Aron when he was climbing by himself in the mountains
3. How many days did Aron stay there
4. Which book did Aron write after losing his arm
深读　请全面理解课本2b内容，并完成下列各小题。
()1. Which of the following is TRUE
A. Aron lost his life because of accidents.
B. Aron's right arm was caught under a big rock.
C. Aron was not good at climbing mountains.
D. Aron couldn't bandage himself so that he lost too much blood.
()2. What does the book Between a Rock and a Hard Place tell us
A. The importance of making good decisions and of being in control of one's life.
B. How to save yourself when being in a dangerous situation.
C. How to keep yourself safe when climbing mountains.
D. The pleasure of climbing mountains.
复述课文　请根据课本2b内容，从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
life　he　write　but　importance　take　almost　under　even　so　right　blood
Aron Ralston is an American man who is interested in mountain climbing. He is used to 1. risks. There were many times when he almost lost his 2. because of accidents. On April 26, 2003, Aron's arm was caught 3. a 360－kilo rock when he climbed in the mountains in Utah. He couldn't free his arm, 4. he had to stay there for five days. But nobody came to save him. He had to do something to save 5. because he was not ready to die. He used his knife to cut off half his 6. arm. Then, he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much 7. . After that, he climbed down the mountain to find help. After losing his arm, he 8. a book called Between a Rock and a Hard Place. In this book, Aron tells of the 9. of making good decisions, and of being in control of one's life. His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains 10. after this experience. Do you have the same spirit as Aron
强化练习
一、单项填空
()1. On our way to the picnic, we found we ________ our water and our food _________too.
A. ran out; run out B. ran out of; ran out
C. ran out; ran out of D. ran out of; ran out of
()2. She can't sleep well ________ too much noise next door.
A. because B. because of
C. for D. when
()3. His left leg was hurt badly. The doctors ________.
A. cut off them B. cut them off
C. cut it off D. cut off it
()4. —How does Jack usually go to work
—He ________ drive a car, but now he ________ there in order to lose weight.
A. used to; is used to walk B. was used to; is used to walking
C. was used to; is used to walk D. used to; is used to walking
()5. The teacher speaks very loudly ________ all the students can hear her.
A. because B. before
C. so that D. since
二、完成句子
1. 他开始意识到努力学习的重要性。
He began to realize studying hard.
2. 我决定长大后当一名医生。
I to be a doctor when I grow up.
3. 这家公司在这个年轻人的管理之下。
The company is the young man.
4. 歌曲《少年》告诉人们不要放弃梦想。
The song The Youth tells people never to their dreams.
5. 不要冒险。你应该三思。
Don't . And you should think twice.
三、阅读理解
体裁：应用文 主题：视力保护原则 词数：195 难度：★★★☆☆ 正确率： ________/5
　　Finally, you finish all your homework and sit back in your chair. Suddenly you feel a headache. Your eyes are painful(疼痛的). What's going on Doctors say that's because many students are spending too much time in front of screens, especially during online classes. The following might help you.
The 20－20－20 Rule This gives your eyes a break from long screen time. You should look at something at least 20 feet away for 20 seconds after 20 minutes of work on the screen. Then you can keep on working without eye pain.
Studies show that people blink(眨眼睛) less often when looking at a screen. You should blink often to keep your eyes wet or use eye drops. This can help you not get into eye tiredness.
Sit up straight about an arm's length(长度) away from the screen. Make sure you're looking down at your screen. Stand up and exercise often to relax your neck and shoulder.
What about the blue light blocking glasses(防蓝光眼镜) They may look cool, but studies show that the blue light isn't the biggest cause of eye tiredness. So ask doctors about computer glasses before putting them on.
()1. What do doctors think causes students' eye pain
A. Too much homework. B. Long time on screens.
C. Long time on classes. D. Feeling headaches often.
()2. Why should you follow the 20－20－20 rule
A. To let your eyes rest. B. To stay away from illnesses.
C. To finish homework quickly. D. To find something interesting.
()3. How can you keep your eyes wet
A. By watering. B. By blinking.
C. By looking far. D. By exercising.
()4. What's the right way to work on a screen
()5. Where is this passage probably from
A. A storybook. B. A health book.
C. A travel guide. D. A computer magazine.