2023-2024学年暑假八升九牛津深圳版（广州沈阳通用）第三讲被动语态+阅读理解专练（含解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2023-2024学年暑假八升九牛津深圳版（广州沈阳通用）
第三讲被动语态+阅读理解专练
【语法专练】
一、单选题
1．—Nice to meet you, Lin Tao. Would you like to tell me something about Jiangsu
—All right! Jiangsu ______thirteen big cities. It's a good place to visit.
A．is made of B．is made from C．is made in D．is made up of
2．—How fresh these vegetables are!
—Yeah. They ________ here from the countryside early this morning.
A．are brought B．brought C．were brought D．have brought
3．We________ by heavy smog from seeing anything yesterday morning.
A．prevented B．are prevent C．are prevented D．were prevented
4．They insisted on _______ another chance to try.
A．given B．giving C．being given D．to be given
5．—It's said Wuhu light rails ________ into service in two years.
—That's great!
A．puts B．will put C．is put D．will be put
6．All the people I have known in the past three years________ all through my life and so will be the best time here.
A．remembered B．will remember
C．were remembered D．will be remembered
7．—How often do I feed the pet dog
—It ______ food every day, or it will be hungry.
A．must give B．must be give C．must gave D．must be given
8．If a child is under 6years old, he ____________to visit the zoo for free.
A．can allow B．can't allow
C．can be allowed D．can't be allowed
9．This dress _______ with water. You must dry-clean it.
A．can not wash B．not can wash
C．can be not washed D．can not be washed
10．Many of the stars ______ because they are far away from us.
A．may not see B．needn't see
C．can not be seen D．mustn't be seen
11．Dry clothes shouldn't _______up near a fire.
A．hang B．be hung C．be hanging D．be hanged
12．— What should we do first if we want to develop our village
— First of all, a new road ______, I think.
must build B．has to build C．must be built D．has built
适当形式填空
1．Some rocks in the sea may 　 　 (see) in the daytime.
2．Most of the waste metal can 　 　 (put) to use again.
3．English 　 　(speak) by many people.
4．That building 　 　(build) two years ago.
5．Rice　 　 (grow) in China.
【阅读理解专练】
阅读理解
（一）
Here I want to tell you some information
about water.
Water covers most of our planet. People can
find it in oceans, lakes and rivers, and under the ground. Water moves in the
environment by evaporation, condensation, and precipitation. The warm Sun helps
water change into vapour and rise up into the sky. It is evaporation. The
vapour in the air forms clouds in the sky. It is condensation. When the clouds
get heavy enough, the water falls back to the ground as rain or snow. This is
precipitation.
Ocean water has too much salt in it. Much
of the water travels far over the land. When it travels over the land, the
water picks up salt from the rocks and soil. About 97.5% of the Earth's water
is salty water. It is expensive to take salt out of the water.
All people need clean water. They need it
for drinking, for cooking, and for bathing. Some people in a village in South
America did not have clean water. Their water was full of oil and dirty things.
People there got sick when they drank the water. Other people heard about the
problem. They sent empty water tanks (储水池) to
the village. Rainwater fell into the tanks. Now the people in that village have
the clean water.
（1）What helps water change into vapour
A．The Sun. B．The Earth. C．The Moon. D．The stars.
（2）Why can't we drink the ocean water
A．Because it is salty.
B．Because we don't have much ocean water.
C．Because it is far away from us.
D．Because it is valuable.
（3）What was the problem of the people in the village in South America
A．It never rains in their village.
B．Their drinking water was too dirty and not safe.
C．They didn't know how to use rain water.
D．They were too poor to buy water.
（4）The writer wrote the last paragraph mainly to tell us___________.
A．many people in the world are poor B．clean water is important to people
C．we should help poor people D．we should save rainwater
（5）Where may the writer get the information
A．In a travel guide. B．In a cookbook.
C．In a storybook. D．On the Internet.
（二）
As a well-known Chinese TV hostess, Dong
Qing is now hosting two cultural shows, Chinese Poetry Conference and The
Reader. The two shows are encouraging people to love traditional culture and
find the beauty of life.
Dong was born in a highly educated family
in 1973. She had a great love for traditional literature (文学) from an early age. In 2015 when she was about to study in the US,
Dong received an invitation from the director of Chinese Poetry Conference
asking her to be the hostess. Because of her passion for traditional
literature, Dong accepted the job.
"The contest interests me very much.
Hosting it is a process of learning about poetry and performing," said
Dong. To her great joy, the show has become more and more popular.
Under the slogan (口号) "Reading touches people's hearts", the new TV show The
Reader has become a success. It invites famous guests from all walks of life to
read something. Dong works as both the hostess and producer.
The Reader became a turning point in Dong's
21 years of hosting. She said it brought her "quite a huge challenge".
"There
is no shortcut (捷径) in this world. If you
want to be a good host, you need to make thorough preparations," said the
beautiful hostess. "The charm of life lies in its unknown, so we just have
to try and keep going."
（1）What shows is Dong Qing hosting now
A．The Reader.
B．Chinese Poetry Conference.
C．Chinese Poetry Conference and The Reader.
D．The Voice of China.
（2）Where did Dong Qing decide to study in 2015
A．In France. B．In England. C．In Japan. D．In America.
（3）What does Dong Qing do at present
A．An actress. B．A singer.
C．A hostess. D．A hostess and producer.
（4）The underlined word "passion" in the second paragraph probably means "great_____________".
A．love B．joy C．surprise D．pride
（5）What's the best title (题目) for the text
A．Find the beauty of life B．How to be a successful TV hostess
C．Reading touches people's hearts D．Dong Qing—a talented lady
（三）
Writing a poem is all about observing the
world around you. In fact, you can write anything that you like. Most people
choose love as their topic; some people choose people as their topic; some
people even choose the gate of the old farm as their topic.
If you are interested in writing poems but
don't know how to write, you can read or listen to poems first. It is almost
certain that poets improve their skills by reading or listening to good poems.
A poem may be born at any time. That's
what's usually called inspiration (灵感). Once you have the beginning, you simply need to build the rest of
the poem around it. At other times, you may want to write about a thing or an
idea. Write down all the words and phrases that come to your mind when you
think of that idea. Allow yourself to put all your ideas into words. It may
sound difficult, but do not be afraid to express your feelings.
Feelings make poems, and if you lie about
your feelings, it can be easily known in the poem. It's said that a novel is
“words in the best order”, while a poem is “the best words in the best order”.
Think of the words you use. Some words will fit together perfectly but some
won't, so choose your words carefully. You should use only those words that are
necessary.
（1）Most people use ___________as a poem's topic according to the text.
A．love B．people C．things D．nature
（2）If you wish to write poems but don't know how to start, what can you do first
A．Write good words down on the paper.
B．Read and listen to poems first.
C．Know about your feelings.
D．Choose a topic about yourself.
（3）What is the best title for the text
A．Why do people like to write a poem
B．Who can write good poems
C．What topic to write
D．How to write a poem
【答案解析】
一、1．【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意：——很高兴见到你，林涛。你想告诉我一些关于江苏的事情吗？——好吧。江苏由十三个大城市组成。这是一个游览的好地方。A.由……制成，看得出原材料；B.由……制成，看不出原材料；C.在……制造；D.由……组成。根据主语 Jiangsu ，可知应是由十三个大城市组成，应用固定搭配be made up of。故选D。
【点评】考查固定搭配。注意熟记动词make"制造"：第三人称单数： makes；现在分词： making；过去式： made；过去分词： made。
2．【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意：——这些蔬菜多新鲜啊！——对。它们今天一早从乡下被带到这里。bring，带来，动词。与主语they存在动宾关系。结合语句中的this morning可知此空要用一般过去时的被动语态was/were+过去分词。主语they，系动词要用were，故答案为C。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态的构成及用法。注意动词bring的过去分词。
3．【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意：昨天上午，由于大雾，我们什么也看不见。prevented阻止，一般过去时；are prevent错误结构；are prevented，一般现在时的被动语态，被阻止；were prevented被阻止，一般过去时的被动语态 。根据主语和动词的关系语境by heavy smog 可知这里是被阻止，用被动语态，根据时间yesterday morning，可知用一般过去时被动语态，故答案为D。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。注意识记被动语态的构成并运用正确的时态。
4．【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意：他们坚持要再给他们一次尝试的机会。固定搭配insist on doing sth，坚持做某事，又因主语与give之间的关系是被动，应用given，故选C。
【点评】考查固定搭配，注意识记insist on doing sth的用法。
5．【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意：——据说芜湖轻轨将在两年内投入使用。——太好了！根据in two years，可知时态是一般将来时，主语是rails，与谓语动词put是被动关系，表示轻轨是被投入使用的，故用一般将来时被动语态，A单三式，B将来时主动语态，C一般现在时被动语态，D一般将来时被动语态，故选D。
【点评】考查时态语态，注意识记一般将来时被动语态的用法。
6．【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意：——在过去的三年里，我认识的所有人都将在我的一生中被记住，这将是我在这里度过的最美好的时光。根据so will be the best time here，可知时态是一般将来时，主语是All the people，与谓语动词remember是被动关系，表示人们是被记得的，故用一般将来时被动语态，A过去式，B将来时主动语态，C一般过去时被动语态，D一般将来时被动语态，故选D。
【点评】考查时态语态，注意识记一般将来时被动语态的用法。
7．【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意：——我多久喂一次宠物狗？——必须每天给它食物，否则它会饿的。give，给予，动词；与主语it存在动宾关系，要用被动语态。含有情态动词的被动语态的构成是情态动词+be+动词的过去分词，故答案为D。
【点评】考查含有情态动词的被动语态的构成。注意give的过去分词是given。
8．【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意：如果一个孩子小于6岁，他能被允许免费参观动物园的。根据常识可知小孩子是免费参观动物园的，句子的主语和谓语之间是被动关系，可知这是含有情态动词的被动语态，情态动词+be+done，故选C。
【点评】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。注意识记其结构。
9．【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意：这件衣服不能用水洗。你必须干洗。由this dress与wash之间的被动关系，要用情态动词的被动语态：情态动词（not）+be +过去分词。根据后句你必须干洗，可知不能水洗，故选D。
【点评】考查情态动词的被动语态。注意根据主语与动词的关系确定语态。
10．【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意：许多星星看不见，因为它们离我们很远。由句意可知主语the stars是动词see的承受者，应该用被动语态：be+过去分词，排除选项A和B；C.can not be seen不能被看见；D.mustn't be seen一定不能被看见；根据句意可知是不能被看见，故答案为C。
【点评】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。主语识记情态动词的用法。
11．【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意：干衣服不应该被悬挂在火旁。hang悬挂，实义动词，主语clothes是动作hang的承受者，shouldn't是情态动词，所以用含有情态动词的被动语态，结构是情态动词+be+动词过去分词，hang的过去分词是hung，故选B。
【点评】考查含有情态动词的被动语态，注意平时识记其结构情态动词+be+动词过去分词。
12．【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意：——如果我们想要发展我们的村庄，我们首先应该做什么？——首先，我认为必须修建一条新路。A.must build必须建；B.has to build 不得不建；C.must be built必须建（被动语态） ；D.has built（已经）建；根据句意可知主语a new road和谓语动词build的承受者，应该用被动语态。故答案为C。
【点评】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。主语识记被动语态的构成和用法。
二、1．【答案】be seen
【解析】【分析】句意：海洋中的一些岩石可能在白天出现。 see ，看，动词，描述客观事实，用一般现在时。根据石头、被人看，可知用被动语态，故答案为 be seen 。
【点评】考查一般现在时，注意识记被动语态的用法。
2．【答案】be put
【解析】【分析】句意：大部分废金属都可以再次使用。 put ，放置，动词，废金属和使用是被动关系，因此用被动语态be done，根据can，可知be用原形，故答案为 be put 。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意识记被动语态的用法。
3．【答案】is spoken
【解析】【分析】句意：很多人说英语。speak说，动词，English是speak的动作承受者，此处描述客观事实， 用一般现在时，所以此处是一般现在时的被动语态，用am/is/are done形式，此处主语是专有名词，系动词用is，speak过去分词是spoken，故填 is spoken。
【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态和主谓一致。注意根据语境选择正确的时态和语态。
4．【答案】was built
【解析】【分析】句意：那个建筑物是两年前被建造的。build建造，动词，此处that building是build的动作承受者，根据 two years ago可知，此处描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以此处是一般过去时的被动语态，用was/were done形式，此处主语是名词单数，系动词用was，build过去分词是built，故填was built。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态和主谓一致。注意根据语境选择正确的时态和语态，注意主语是名词单数的主谓一致。
5．【答案】is grown
【解析】【分析】句意：中国种植水稻。grow种植，动词，此处rice是grow的动作承受者，用被动语态，此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时，所以此处是一般现在时的被动语态，用am/is/are done形式，此处主语是不可数名词，系动词用is，grow过去分词是grown，故填is grown。
【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态和主谓一致。注意根据语境选择正确的时态和语态，注意主语是不可数名词的主谓一致。
三、1.【答案】（1）A（2）A（3）B（4）B（5）D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍了一些关于水资源的信息，讲解了水形成的过程，海水很咸，以及水对于人类生存的重要性。
（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中The warm Sun helps water change into vapour and rise up into the sky.温暖的太阳帮助水变成蒸汽上升到天空中。可知太阳蒸发水为水蒸气。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段中Ocean water has too much salt in it.海水中有太多的盐，可知海水很咸，不能喝。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段中Some people in a village in South America did not have clean water. Their water was full of oil and dirty things.在南美洲的一个村庄里，有些人没有干净的水。他们的水里装满了油和脏东西。可知他们的饮用水非常脏且不安全。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段中All people need clean water. They need it for drinking, for cooking, and for bathing.所有人都需要干净的水。他们需要它来饮水、做饭和洗澡。结合句意，作者想告诉我们干净的水的重要性。故选B。
（5）文章出处题。A.In a travel guide在旅行指南；B.In a cookbook在食谱；C.In a storybook在故事书；D.On the Internet在网上。统观全文，本文讲述了水的重要性，以及关于水资源的一些信息。因此从网上获取更合理。故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先弄清全文大意，然后分析题干，细节理解题可从文章相应段落找出答案；推理判断题可分析上下句逻辑关系，找出重要信息进行推断；文章出处题可总结文章核心思想，并结合排除法，排除不恰当的选项。
2．【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）D（4）A（5）D
【解析】【分析】大意：这篇短文主要介绍了中国著名主持人董卿成功地主持了两档节目——《中国诗词大会》和《朗读者》。董卿告诉我们成功没有捷径，如果想成为一名好的主持人，必须做好全面的准备。
（1）细节理解题。根据第一段开头As a well-known Chinese TV hostess, Dong Qing is now hosting two cultural shows, Chinese Poetry Conference and The Reader. 可知，董卿现在主持两个文化节目——《中国诗歌大会》和《朗读者》。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段In 2015 when she was about to study in the U.S.可知2015年董卿决定去美国学习。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段Dong works as both the hostess and producer. 董卿既是主持人又是制片人。故选D。
（4）语义猜测题。根据前面“She had a great love for traditional literature（文学）from an early age”可知，董卿从小就很热爱传统文学，由此可推知passion的含义与love相近，故选A。
（5）标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了中国著名主持人董卿，她凭着对传统文学的热爱，成功地主持了两档节目——《中国诗词大会》和《朗读者》，故选D。
【点评】首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
3．【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了关于如何写诗的内容。
（1）细节理解题。根据文中语句Most people choose love as their topic; some people choose people as their topic; some people even choose the gate of the old farm as their topic.理解可知大多数人选择爱作为他们的主题，故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据文中语句If you are interested in writing poems but don't know how to write, you can read or listen to poems first.可知如果你对写诗感兴趣但不知道怎么写，你可以先读或听诗。故选B。
（3）理解推断题。通读全文可知此文主要介绍了如何写诗，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题与推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
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