中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 10 I've had this bike for three years. SectionA (2d&Grammar Focus-4c ) 课时教学设计
课型 听说+语法课 课时 1
教材分析
本课主要是一节语法课，继续学习现在完成时。2d通过对话讨论捐赠物品给儿童之家的情景，加强目标语言的输出。重点语法项目是带有since和for的现在完成时的句子。Grammar Focus表格总结了本单元的典型例句，包括由How long引导的现在完成时的特殊疑问句，分别用for和since回答的例句，还有现在完成时的一般疑问句。4a-4c的活动编排不仅体现了从易到难的层次性，活动的设计也是从控制性到开放性，从机械的语法练习到实际运用。
学情分析
在前两个单元的基础上，学生对现在完成时的基本构成及表意功能有了初步的感知，本课时通过归纳总结，帮学生较为系统地梳理现在完成时的用法，语法现象的总结难度不大，但实际运用中，尤其是短暂性动词和延续性动词的转换难度较大。
课时教学目标
语言能力：能够在多种语境中，通过观察归纳、小组讨论等方式，正确理解和使用现在完成时的意义和功能，询问并表达持续性动作或状态； 学习能力：能在学习活动中积极与他人合作，共同完成学习任务；能在学习过程中积极思考，主动探究，发现并尝试使用多种策略解决语言学习中的问题，积极进行拓展性运用。 思维品质：能够在老师的引导下，通过观察、讨论、归纳等课堂活动，探究现在完成时表达持续性动作或状态的语言规律，提高思维的逻辑性和深刻性，加强语言表达的准确性； 文化意识：能够通过询问并表达所拥有的物品和周围的事物的持续性动作或状态，正确认识并树立合理处置废旧物品的意识；
教学重难点
教学重点：正确理解和使用现在完成时表达持续性动作或状态的用法； 教学难点：理解延续性动词可用于表达持续性动作和状态，能够与since和for搭配使用。
教学方法
情境式教学，任务型教学法
教学工具
PPT课件，多功能白板，教案
设 计 教 学 过 程
教师导学 学生活动 设计意图
Step1: Warming-up Watch a video about Yard Sale.Review what things Amy and her family gave away.Amy will give away these things to the Sunshine Home for Children. Step2: 2d Task1:Listen to the conversation and then answer the questions below. 1)Where are the two people talking 2)What does Amy want to do there Task 2:Read and fill in the chart.. Task3:Role-play the conversation and underline the language points. 1)a couple of有两种意思： 表示具体的数量“两个” ； 表示数量不定的“少数几个”，作这种虚指的用法时，具体意思往往视上下文和具体的语境而决定。 2) a bit意为“一点儿, 稍微”, 修饰形容词或副词, 相当于a little; a bit of +不可数名词, a little直接加不可数名词。 【链接】a little bit 也意为“有点儿”，可用来修饰形容词或副词。 3）check用作及物动词, 意为“检查, 审查”; check out意为“察看，观察”。 【拓展】①check out 可意为“付账后离开”check in指“登记；报到” ②check还可用作名词，意为“支票, 账单”。 Task4:Fill in the blanks according to the conversation. Amy went to the Sunshine Home for Children. She has some things for the kids. She’s had this magazine for ___________________. The stories _______ may be _____ old, but they’re still interesting. Linda also _____________ some soft toys and board games for ________ kids. Amy _________ them since she was a child. She ____________ a sweater and a dress. She also gave away a bread maker. Her mom’s had it _______________ but it still works. Task5：Role-play Step 3：Grammar focus 1.Translate the sentences. 2.语法探究一：现在完成时用法之“未完成”句式 用法：现在完成时表示动作或状态从过去某时开始，一直延续至今，还可能继续下去。这种用法称为“未完成用法”。 标志词：常与for或since引导的时间状语(从句)连用。 since + 过去时间点 “自从…”，用来说明动作的开始时间； for + 时间段 “持续了…” ，用来说明动作延续的时间长度。 即：（1）现在完成时+for+一段时间 例：我好久没有见到她了。 I haven’t seen her for a long time. （2）现在完成时+since+表示过去的时间点 例：自1984年以来，史密斯先生就在这里工作。 Mr. Smith has worked here since 1984. （3）现在完成时+since+从句 例：自上大学以来他学了大约5000个英语单词。 He has learned about 5000 English words since he went to college. 注意：谓语动词用延续性动词，可以用 How long 提问 语法探究二：延续性与非延续性动词的定义 1）非延续性动词：动作发生后立即结束，不和一段时间连用。 延续性动词: 动作发生能够延续，可以和一段时间连用。 注意: 非延续性动词可以用于现在完成时，但不能用于带 有for或since 的肯定句中。现在完成时态中带有for 或since的句子，动词需为延续性动词。 2）非延续性动词转换为延续性动词 在现在完成时的句子中，若含有for或since引导的时间状语,则句 中谓语一定要用延续性动词。 ①将非延续性动词转化为“be+形容词或副词” ②有的非延续性动词可以转化为意思相同的延续性动词： Step4. Practice. 1.Work on 4a 2.Work on 4b 3.Work on 4c 观看视频。 跟随老师进入新课。 听对话回答问题。 阅读2d内容，完成表格。 理解知识点并做好相关笔记。 针对对话内容填空。 和搭档一起演绎对话内容。 翻译句子。观察语法框内划线部分，思考分析本单元语法重点。 跟随老师一起总结归纳本课语法。 并认真做好相关笔记。 完成书本4a任务。 完成书本4b任务。 完成书本4c任务。 完成课堂练习。 利用视频创设情境，直入本课话题，激发学生的学习兴趣，为新知的学习做好准备。 分成几步循序渐进来完成2d部分的教学，让学生对对话从整体感知到细节理解，做到最大程度的掌握。 知识点详细讲解，帮助学生学习新单词，巩固目标句型。 在课堂条件允许的情况下，播放录音或动画，让学生多朗读，并在朗读时注意模仿语音和语调。 鼓励学生进行角色扮演并进行示范性表演，给予适当点评和鼓励。 通过翻译句子的方式回顾目标句型，关注并尝试运用现在完成时态。 基于Grammar Focus所列句子，让学生小组讨论总结语法规律和现象，再通过具体语境和示例，引导学生观察、感知和尝试。 先让学生自己观察总结，老师再补充强化，给学生思考的时间，而不是单纯的知识灌输。 语法的呈现，边尝试边讲解，附带句子的对比及翻译，有助于学生理解消化这一要点。 在学生对现在完成时的新的用法有了一些理解之后，让他们独立完成4a，4b。在核对答案和点评的环节，继续通过提问巩固学生对语法知识的理解。 链接中考真题。让学生在课上练习消化知识点，及时操练。
课时教学板书设计
Unit 10 I’ve had this bike for three years.(Section A 2d+Grammar Focus-4c)
课时作业设计
Level A : List the old things of your family and make a chart like 4c. Then write a report. Level B :Do more exercises of the present perfect tense.
课后反思（实施后填写）
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共40张PPT)
Unit 10 I’ve had this bike for three years.
人教新目标版 八年级下
2d&Grammar focus-4c优质课
Learning objectives
1.继续学习与since，for 连用的现在完成时。
2.能够用现在完成时讨论拥有的物品和周围的事物。
3.通过体会延续性动词和短暂性动词的区别,能够正确使用现在完成时询问并表达持续性动作或状态。
4.能够通过询问并表达所拥有的物品和周围的事物的持续性动作或状态，正确认识并树立合理处置废旧物品的意识；
Warming-up
What’s the video about
Do you remember
what things will my family give away
I will give away these things to the Sunshine Home for Children.
Sunshine Home
They are at the Sunshine Home for Children.
Amy wants to give away some things to the children.
Listen to the conversation and then answer the questions below.
Where are the two people talking
2. What does Amy want to do there
Read 2d carefully and answer:
What things will be given to the kids Who do those things belong to How long do their owners keep them
What things Who How long
magazine
Amy
a couple of months
soft toys and board games
Amy
since she was a child
a sweater and a dress
Amy
a bread maker
Amy’s mother
for a long time
We don’t know
Linda: Welcome to the Sunshine Home for Children. I’m Linda.
Amy: Hi, I’m Amy. I have some things for the kids. I’ve had this magazine for a couple of months. The stories inside may be a bit old, but they’re still interesting.
Linda: Great! Many children here love reading.
Amy: And check out these soft toys and board games for younger kids. I’ve had them since I was a child. There’s also a sweater and a dress.
Linda: Perfect! We always need toys and clothes.
Amy: One last thing is a bread maker. My mom’s had it for a long time but it still works.
Linda: Thanks so much!
Role-play the conversation and underline the language points.
2d
几个月
一点儿
检查，核实
棋类游戏
就近原则
Because I've had it since I was a baby. I have had this magazine for a couple of months.
a couple of有两种意思：
1. 表示具体的数量“两个” ；
2. 表示数量不定的“少数几个”，作这种虚指的用法时，具体意思往往视上下文和具体的语境而决定。
例句：我看见有两个人出去了。
I saw a couple of men get out.
瞧！门口有两三个男孩正在等你。
Look! There are a couple of boys waiting for you at the door.
Language points
The stories inside may be a bit old, but they’re still interesting.
a bit意为“一点儿, 稍微”, 修饰形容词或副词, 相当于a little;
a bit of +不可数名词, a little直接加不可数名词。
【链接】a little bit 也意为“有点儿”，可用来修饰形容词或副词。
【运用】完成句子，每空词数不限。
1) 对我来说，这个包有点儿贵。
This bag is ____________________ expensive for me.
2) 我们仍有点儿面包。
We still have ____________ bread.
a bit of/a little
a bit/a little/a little bit
And check out these soft toys and board games for younger kids.
check用作及物动词, 意为“检查, 审查”;
check out意为“察看，观察”。
【拓展】①check out 可意为“付账后离开”check in指“登记；报到”
②check还可用作名词，意为“支票, 账单”。
例句：这个工人刚察看了他的机器。
The worker checked out his machine just now.
你最好现在就去宾馆登记以便住个好房间。
You'd better go to the hotel now to check in to get a good room.
海德夫人今天上午结账走了。
Mrs. Hyde checked out this morning.
Amy went to the Sunshine Home for Children. She has some things for the kids. She’s had this magazine for ___________________. The stories _______ may be _____ old, but they’re still interesting.
Linda also _____________ some soft toys and board games for ________ kids. Amy _________ them since she was a child. She ____________ a sweater and a dress. She also gave away a bread maker. Her mom’s had it _______________ but it still works.
a couple of months
inside
a bit
checked out
younger
for a long time
has had
gave away
Consolidation
Fill in the blanks according to the conversation.
Linda: Welcome to .... I’m ....
Amy: Hi, I’m .... I .... I’ve.... The stories....
Linda: Great! Many .....
Amy: And check out.... I’ve .... There’s....
Linda: Perfect! We ....
Amy: One last thing....
My ....
Linda: Thanks ...!
Role-play the conversation.
Role play
1.A:那边的那辆自行车你买了多长时间了？
_____ _____ ____ you____ that bike _______ _______
B:我买了它3年了。
I've _____ it _____ ______ ______.
2.A:他的儿子拥有那套火车和铁路轨道的玩具多长时间了？
_____ ____ _____ his son ____ the train and railway set
Practice
Fill in the blanks.
How long have had over there
had for three years
How long has owned
B:自从他的4岁生日起，他就拥有它了。
He's ______ it ____ his fourth birthday.
3.A:你曾经玩过橄榄球吗？
_____ you _____ played football
B:是的，我小的时候玩过，但是我现在已经有一段时间不玩了。
Yes, I did ____ I was little, but I ____ _____ ____ ____ ____now.
owned since
Have ever
since haven’t played for a while
现在完成时
未完成用法
延续性动词与非延续性动词
“未完成”句式
延续性动词
非延续性动词转化方法
Grammar Focus
用法：现在完成时表示动作或状态从过去某时开始，一直延续至今，还可能继续下去。这种用法称为“未完成用法”。
现在完成时用法三
标志词：常与for或since引导的时间状语(从句)连用。
since + 过去时间点 “自从…”，用来说明动作的开始时间；
for + 时间段 “持续了…” ，用来说明动作延续的时间长度。
for+时间段
since+过去时间点
since+过去时的从句
未完成的句式
（1）现在完成时+for+一段时间
例：我好久没有见到她了。
I haven’t seen her for a long time.
（2）现在完成时+since+表示过去的时间点
例：自1984年以来，史密斯先生就在这里工作。
Mr. Smith has worked here since 1984.
（3）现在完成时+since+从句
例：自上大学以来他学了大约5000个英语单词。
He has learned about 5000 English words since he went to college.
谓语动词用延续性动词，可以用 How long 提问
-- How long have you studied at NO.1 Middle School
since I was 13.
since 2021.
-- I have studied
at this school
since 2 years ago.
for 2 years.
since I finished my primary school.
2021
2 years
2023
1. Mr. Brown has had his TV ________ 15 years.
2. I’ve taken driving lessons _________ last month.
3. Tom has worked in the factory _______ he left school ten years ago.
4. My friends haven’t visited me _______ my birthday.
5. She hasn’t had a good cup of coffee _______2 years.
6. Tom has worn glasses _________ two years ago.
for
since
for
since
since
since
用since或for填空
2.延续性与非延续性动词的定义
（1）非延续性动词：动作发生后立即结束，不和一段时间连用。
延续性动词: 动作发生能够延续，可以和一段时间连用。
注意: 非延续性动词可以用于现在完成时，但不能用于带
有for或since 的肯定句中。现在完成时态中带有for
或since的句子，动词需为延续性动词。
在现在完成时的句子中，若含有for或since引导的时间状语,则句
中谓语一定要用延续性动词。
（2）非延续性动词转换为延续性动词
①将非延续性动词转化为“be+形容词或副词”
begin (start) (开始)
go there (去哪里)
come back (回来)
come here (来这里)
be on
be there
be back
be here
open
close
die
be open
be closed
be dead
be over
be in
be away
finish
go to bed
leave
marry
be back
be out
be asleep
be lost
be ill
be in / at
be in / be a
member of
return
get out
fall asleep
lose
fall ill
get (arrive, reach)
join (become)
be married
②有的非延续性动词可以转化为意思相同的延续性动词：
borrow → keep(借) become → be (成为)
receive → have (收到) go to sleep → sleep (睡觉)
(穿) put on
(认识) get to know
(买) buy
(感冒) catch a cold
wear / be on
know
have (own)
have a cold
D. His grandpa has died for 8 years.
His grandpa has been dead for 8 years.
A. I have bought the book for a week.
I have had the book for a week.
B. How long has Mary left
How long has Mary been away
C. She has borrowed the book since Friday.
She has kept the book since Friday.
判断下列句子正误。
Li Lei joined the Party three years ago.(同义句)
Li Lei ____ ____ ____the Party ______ three years.
Li Lei ____ ____ ____the Party _____ three years ago.
2. My father left Guizhou last week.(同义句)
My father ___ ____ _____ ____Guizhou ______a week.
My father ___ _____ ____ ____Guizhou ____ last week.
3. The factory opened in1996.(同义句)
The factory ____ ____ ____ _____ten years.
The factory ____ _____ _____ since 1996.
has been in
for
has been in
since
has been away from
for
has been away from
since
has been open for
has been open
完成句子。
1. Jim is in Japan. He arrived there three days ago.
2. They are very hungry. Their last meal was ten hours ago.
3. I have a camera. I bought it in 2009.
4. I know Anna. I first met her three years ago.
5. Linda is ill. She became ill on Monday.
4a. Rewrite the sentences using
for or since.
做题策略：
找出并确定句子的时间状语
Jim is in Japan. He arrived there three days ago.
2. They are very hungry. Their last meal was ten hours ago.
3. I have a camera. I bought it in 2009.
4. I know Anna. I first met her three years ago.
5. Linda is ill. She became ill on Monday
Jim has been in Japan for three days.
They have not eaten for ten hours.
I have had a camera since 2009.
I have known Anna for three years/since three years ago.
Linda has been ill since Monday.
I _______________ (never be) to the water park before. I want to _____ (go) next month before the weather gets too cold.
2. They __________________ (never own) any pets, but they ________________ (always want) to have a dog.
3. We _________ (have) a piano since last November. We _______ (buy) it from the Li family when they moved to the US last year.
4. Cathy and Amy ____________ (not be) back to their hometown for two years. They ______ (miss) their hometown a lot and hope to visit the place next year.
5. This museum _________ (be) here for over 20 years. It _____ (be) one of the oldest buildings in this small town.
have never been
go
have never owned
have always wanted
have had
bought
haven’t been
miss
has been
is
4b. Fill in the blanks with the correct
forms of the verbs in brackets.
做题策略：
1.观察句中是否有关键的时间状语，并划线
2.根据提示词决定句子的时态和动词形式。
Make a survey
4c.Fill in the questions and ask two
students. Then complete the chart.
1. Do you have a(n) ______________ How long have you had it
2. Do you own a(n) _______________ How long have you owned it
Things How long
Tony favorite book for two years
basketball since he was 10 years old
Student 1
Student 2
练习题
1. I bought the book two days ago.
I ______ ______ the book for two days.
2. He borrowed the book two weeks ago.
He ______ ______ the book since two weeks ago.
3. I got to know Mary 3 years ago.
I ______ ______ Mary for 3 years.
have
had
has
kept
have
known
buy-have
borrow-keep
get to know-know
练习题
4. I joined the League three years ago.
I _____ ______ a League member for three years.
5. Emily joined the army five years ago.
Emily ____ ______ _____ the army for five years.
6. He left the city 4 months ago.
He ____ ____ _____ _____ the city since 4 months ago.
have
been
has
been
in
has
been
away
join-be a member
join-be in
leave-be away from
from
练习题
7. The film began 20 minutes ago.
The film ____ ____ ____ for 20 minutes.
8. The film finished 10 minutes ago.
The film ____ ____ ____ for 10 minutes.
9. Mary and Joe married in 2010.
Mary and Joe _____ _____ ________since 2010.
been
has
on
been
has
over
have
been
married
begin-be on
finish-be over
marry-be married
32. —Your new bike is so nice! When did you buy it
—In July. I _________it for two weeks. (湖北-随州)
A. had B. have had
C. have bought D. bought
19. ---Can I________ Robinson Crusoe Mrs. Zhao.
---Sure, it's very interesting, but you can only _______it for two weeks. (四川-达州)
A. borrow; lend B. lend; borrow
C. borrow; keep D. lend; keep
中考真题
23. --- Mary, I remember you ____ several years ago.
--- Yes, I _______ for 3 years.(湖北-鄂州)
A. married, have married
B. married, married
C. married, have been married
D. have married, have been married
31. --You had a study tour last week. ____ did you stay in Changsha
---For three days. (湖南-湘西)
A. How soon B. How long C. How far
中考真题
31. ---Your new watch is so nice! When did you buy it
---In October. I _____ it for two months.(四川-眉山)
A. had B. bought
C. have had D. have bought
41. My father ____ in a panda protection center for 10 years, so he knows a lot about panda. (广东省)
A. was working B. is working
C. has worked D. will work
中考真题
16. ---This is a really old bike.
---Yes, I _______it for seven years. (山东-菏泽)
A. have had B. have bought C. bought
23. ---It's ten years since we came here.
---How time flies! We ________ in China for so long.(安徽省)
A. work B. worked
C. will work D. have worked
中考真题
30. I ate some fruit, which I ______ since I was a child, and the vegetables from my garden. (湖北-武汉)
A. have enjoyed B. enjoyed
C. enjoy D. had enjoyed
27. Melting ice (融冰) can cause sea levels to rise. Since 1993, sea levels ______at a speed of 3.2 cm every 10 years.(山东-临沂)
A. rose B. have risen C. rise
中考真题
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