词句猜测题
【常考题型】
题型1 词义(词组) 猜测题 考查考生猜测文章中某个生词或短语的含义,或考查该词能被哪个单词或短语代替
题型2 句意猜测题 考查考生准确理解作者的观点,尤其是对特定的人、物、事件的褒贬观点,以准确推断语句的含义
题型3 代词指代题 要求考生依据语境的逻辑关系,判断画线的人称代词或指示代词在文章中指代的对象
【真题示例】
【题型1】词义(词组)猜测题
【典例分析】(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·C篇节选)
...These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate to.
30.What do the underlined words “relate to” in Paragraph 2 mean
A.Understand. B.Paint.
C.Seize. D.Transform.
【策略分析】
第一步:扫描题干,找关键词。 关键词: What, relate to, Paragraph 2, mean
第二步:根据关键词,定位信息。 定位原文信息:These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate to.(第二段)
第三步:根据关键词和定位信息可知画线词所在的句子的意思:这些场景可能是数百年前绘制的,但它们记录了一些我们都能理解的时刻。根据句中的转折意义可推知,此处与画线短语“relate to”的意思最相近的为A项“理解、认识到”。故选 __A__。
【要点提示】
解题时,根据定位信息的语境排除B项的paint;而C项seize的意思是“抓住;占领;夺取”等,和画线词的语境也明显不符,故排除。
【题型2】句意猜测题
【典例分析】(2017·浙江高考A·节选)
Benjamin West, the father of American painting, showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age. But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one. In those days, a brush was made from camel’s hair. There were no camels nearby. Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead. He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.
The brush did not last long. Soon Benjamin needed more fur. Before long, the cat began to look ragged(蓬乱). His father said that the cat must be sick. Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing.
The cat’s lot was about to improve. That year, one of Benjamin’s cousins, Mr Pennington, came to visit. He was impressed with Benjamin’s drawings. When he went home, he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes. He also sent six engravings(版画) by an artist. These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen.
...
22.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 suggest
A.The cat would be closely watched.
B.The cat would get some medical care.
C.Benjamin would leave his home shortly.
D.Benjamin would have real brushes soon.
【策略分析】
第一步:定位画线句The cat’s lot was about to improve.
第二步:分析第三段最后一句These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen.可知这些是本杰明见过的第一批画和第一批真正的绘画颜料和画笔。
第三步:归纳可知本杰明在剪完猫的毛做画笔之后, 很快就有了真正的画笔, 故选__D__。
【题型3】代词指代题
【典例分析】(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷C·节选)
...
“We need something on the books that can change people’s behavior,” said Félix W. Ortiz, who pushed for the state’s 2001 ban on hand-held devices by drivers. If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, he said, “people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone.”
10.What does the underlined word “something” in the last paragraph refer to
A.Advice. B.Data. C.Tests. D.Laws.
【策略分析】
第一步:迅速扫读文章, 找出画线词在文章中的出处
第二步:根据句中的We need something on the books that can change people’s behavior(我们需要一些书面的能改变人们行为的东西)可知,something是能够改变人们的行为的事情。根据下文的If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, he said, “people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone.”他说,如果Textalyzer法案成为法律,“人们会更害怕拿起手机”。
第三步:人们的行为会改变的条件是当Textalyzer法案成为法律。受到法律的约束和惩罚,司机们才不会在开车的时候使用手机。故选__D__。
【要点提示】
考生在解答本题时,易忽视上下文的逻辑关系和所涉及的相关信息,单一地、孤立地分析某句内容而不能全面总结。
【技巧归纳】
技巧1 词义(词组)猜测题
技巧2 句意猜测题
技巧3 代词指代题
【拓展演练】
1
The International Mother Language Day is on February 21st and it was created by the United Nations to help preserve indigenous(土著的) languages around the world.
Due to globalization, indigenous languages are increasingly under threat of extinction. Every two weeks a language disappears, taking with it an entire culture’s heritage and thus diminishing the world’s cultural diversity. At least 43 percent of the estimated 6000 languages spoken in the world are endangered, only a few hundred are formally taught and used and fewer than 100 are used in the digital world, according to UNESCO.
Like languages around the world, indigenous Australian languages are under increasing threat of extinction. The Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies understands that in Australia, there were more than 250 indigenous Australian languages, including 800 dialects, or local variations, at the time of European settlement in 1788. Today only about 13 indigenous Australian languages have enough young people speaking them for them to survive.
Indigenous languages everywhere are much more than just a way of communicating. Yuin woman Anne Martin, educator and former national NAIDOC Committee Co-Chair, described indigenous languages as “the breath of life”. “Indigenous languages are not just a means of communication, they express knowledge about everything: Law, geography, history, family and human relationships, philosophy, religion, anatomy, childcare, health, caring for country, astronomy, biology and food. Each language is associated with an area of land and has a deep spiritual significance, and it is through their own languages that indigenous nations maintain their connection with their ancestors, land and law,” she said in an interview published by La Trobe University.
International Mother Language Day has been observed every year since February 2000. In 2019, the theme is: “Indigenous languages matter for development, peace building and reconciliation(和解)”. One of UNESCO’s goals for that year’s International Mother Language Day is to collect proverbs in as many of the world’s indigenous languages as possible. The proverbs were compiled and the most appropriate ones published by the UN on its website and other publications. And the theme for International Mother Language Day 2020 is “Languages without borders”.
1. What does the underlined word “diminishing” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Decrease. B. Add.
C. Create. D. Replace.
2. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A. The increasing number of indigenous languages.
B. The development of indigenous languages.
C. The endangered situation of indigenous languages.
D. The popularity of indigenous languages.
3. What does Anne Martin think of indigenous languages
A. They are just used for communication with each other.
B. They are loosely connected with their ancestors, land and law.
C. They are very important for indigenous nations all over the world.
D. They are about not only communication but knowledge about all fields.
4. What is the best title for the text
A. The Theme of International Mother Language Day.
B. An Introduction of International Mother Language Day.
C. The Protection of Indigenous Languages in the World.
D. The Decrease of Indigenous Languages in the World.
2
Men hunted.Women gathered. But the discovery of a woman buried 9,000 years ago in the Andes Mountains with weapons and hunting tools challenges this widely accepted view. The woman, thought to be between 17 and 19 years old when she died, was buried with items that suggested she hunted big-game animals by spear (矛) throwing.
The objects accompanying people in death tend to be those that accompanied them in life. Although some scholars have suggested a role for women in ancient hunting, others have dismissed this idea even when hunting tools were uncovered in female burials.
To examine whether this woman found at this site was an exception, the researchers examined 429 skeletons at 107 burial sites from around 8,000 to 14,000 years ago. Of those, 27 individuals were buried with hunting tools—11 were female and 15 were male. The sample was sufficient to “justify the conclusion that female participation in early big-game hunting was likely nontrivial,” said lead study author Haas.
The findings add to doubts about “man-the-hunter” assumption about early humans since the mid-20th century. That theory assumes that it was men who went out and hunted, bringing home meat to feed women and children, who were responsible for gathering berries, plants and nuts to enrich the dict.
But recent research suggests hunting was very much a community-based activity, needing the participation of all able-bodied individuals to drive large animals, the study said. Meanwhile, the spears used at that time had low accuracy, encouraging participation, and using it was a skill learned from childhood. Women may also have been freed from child care demands by “allo-parenting”—raising children was a job shared by many.
“Our findings have made me rethink the most basic organizational structure of ancient hunter-gatherer groups, and human groups more generally,” Haas said.
5. The discovery of the buried woman shows ________.
A. she was killed by a big-game animal B. she might use hunting tools when alive
C. women were good at throwing spears D. women were buried alone after death
6. The underlined word “nontrivial” in Paragraph 3 probably means “________”.
A. limited B. direct C. significant D. passive
7. Which of the following lead to women’s involvement in hunting
①allo-parenting ②big-game hunting ③tasks of gathering ④less accurate tools
A. ①②③ B. ②③④ C. ①③④ D. ①②④
8. Haas probably believes that ________.
A. most of our ancestors were buried with hunting tools
B. we should reconsider previous views on human groups
C. division of labor in hunter-gatherer society remains unchanged
D. the tomb found in the Andes justifies “man-the-hunter” assumption
3
There is a school in my Manhattan neighbourhood that has been giving out free meals during the Covid-19 pandemic-and every time I walk past it the line seems longer. A community fridge recently showed up a couple of blocks away; it’s one of many that activists have fixed across the city to fight against growing food insecurity. Just around the corner there’s a young woman who has become a regular among the beggars I usually see in the area. She lost her job because of Covid-19.
It’s not all doom and gloom. While the poor are getting poorer, the 1% are making out like robbers. America’s 600-plus billionaires saw their wealth grow by more than $700bn in the first few months of the pandemic. During the same period, more than 50 million American workers lost their jobs. The US government has printed trillions of dollars in economic relief but many of the forgivable emergency loans for small businesses seem to have been taken by the super-rich. My local independent coffee shop has closed down, but Kanye West received a partially forgivable loan worth at least $2m. It is becoming increasingly clear that the US is experiencing one of the biggest wealth transfers in history.
Bernie Sanders has a plan to help. Last week, Sanders introduced a bill, Make Billionaires Pay Act, that would establish a one-time 60% tax on billionaires’ pandemic gains and use the money to guarantee Americans free health care for a year. There is very little chance the bill will get passed.
Billionaires shouldn’t exist in the first place-the idea that they should be taxed at a higher rate during a pandemic to help pay health care shouldn’t be remotely controversial. However, there are some who think such a move would be extremely unfair to “poor unfortunate” billionaires who, as we all know, are one of the most unfairly hurt groups in the world.
9. How does the author develop the first two paragraphs
A. By listing numbers. B. By giving definitions.
C. By presenting arguments. D. By making contrasts.
10. The underlined sentence “It’s not all doom and gloom.” implies that ________.
A. the writer doesn’t feel depressed at all
B. the current situation of Covid-19 is getting better
C. the woman has suffered more than we can imagine
D. the billionaires still make profits during the pandemic
11. The bill, Make Billionaires Pay Act, was put forward to ________.
A. rid the country of pandemic
B. restrict the billionaires’ fortune
C. provide short-term loans for health care
D. ensure temporary free medical service
12. What is the author’s attitude towards the billionaires
A. Disapproving. B. Disappointed.
C. Sympathetic. D. Respectful.
4
A New Jersey couple and a homeless man have been accused of making up a feel﹣good story that raised more than ＄400,000 through GoFundMe.
The couple, Kate McClure and Mark D'Amico, and the man, Johnny Bobbitt Jr., face a charge of second-degree theft, Burlington County Prosecutor Scott Coffina said Thursday.
The couple said they met Bobbitt when he gave his last ＄20 to McClure, who was stranded on Interstate 95 in Philadelphia, so she could put gas in her car，then started the GoFundMe campaign as a way to thank him.
The paying-it-forward story that drove this fundraiser might seem too good to be true, Coffina said at a press conference.
Unfortunately, it was. The entire campaign was based on a lie.
After fees, the money of the campaign netted about ＄367, 000, all deposited into McClure's accounts, Coffina said. Bobbitt received ＄75,000, and within months McClure and D'Amico had wasted their share on buying a car, high-end handbags and trips, Coffina said. They also used it at casinos(赌场), he said.
Coffina stressed that while Bobbitt, a veteran (老兵), deserves thanks for his service to the country and sympathy for his situation; he was fully involved in the crime, using media to help "promote the dishonest campaign".
According to Coffina, McClure and D'Amico first met Bobbitt at an off-ramp（驶出匝道）near a casino they regularly went, at least a month before the GoFundMe campaign went live.
They went back to the spot a month later, Coffina said. D'Amico took a picture of McClure and Bobbitt that became the face of the GoFundMe campaign that they started hours later, Coffina said.
13. What's the actual purpose of the GoFundMe campaign started by the couple
A. To express their appreciation for Bobbitt's help.
B. To help Bobbitt pay off his heavy debt.
C. To raise money for their own benefit.
D. To make people believe in Bobbitt's generosity.
14. What does the underlined word "stranded" in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Impossible to finish.
B. Unable to move.
C. Without any choice.
D. Out of service.
15. How much money did the couple get from the GoFundMe campaign
A. About ＄292, 000.
B. About ＄367, 000.
C. About ＄325, 000.
D. About ＄400, 000.
16. What was Bobbitt accused of
A. Pretending to be a veteran.
B. Robbing the couple of ＄75, 000.
C. Failing to serve his country.
D. Helping invent the story.
5
What should you think about when trying to find your career You are probably better at some school subjects than others. These may show strengths that you can use in your work. A boy who is good at mathematics can use that in an engineering career. A girl who spells well and likes English may be good at office work. So it is important to know the subjects you do well in at school. On the other hand, you may not have any specially strong subjects but your records show a general satisfactory standard. Although not all subjects can be used directly in a job, they may have indirect value. A knowledge of history is not required for most jobs but if history is one of your good subjects you will have learned to remember facts and details. This is an ability that can be useful in many jobs.
Your school may have taught you skills, such as typing or technical drawing, which you can use in your work. You may be good at metalwork or cookery and look for a job where you can improve these skills. If you have had a part-time job on Saturdays or in the summer, think what you gained from it. If nothing else, you may have learned how to get to work on time, to follow instructions and to get on with older workers. You may have learned to give correct change in a shop, for example. Just as important, you may become interested in a particular industry or career you see from the inside in a part-time job.
Facing your weak points is also part of knowing yourself. You may be all thumbs when you handle tools; perhaps you are a poor speller or cannot add up a column of figures. It is better to face any weakness than to pretend they do not exist. Your school record, for instance, may not be too good, yet it is an important part of your background. You should not be apologetic about it but instead recognize that you will have a chance of a fresh start at work.
17. We can infer from the first paragraph that ________.
A. we should think about how to find our career
B. learning ability at school shows power in your job
C. a knowledge of each subject may be of value in your career
D. learning each subject well is an ability in many jobs
18. From the passage we learn that if a student's school performance is not good, he will ________ .
A. have no hope in his future work
B. be hopeful to find a suitable job
C. regret not having worked harder at school
D. have an opportunity of a new beginning in his future work
19. The underlined phrase "be all thumbs'' in Paragraph 3 probably means________
A. be the best B. be clumsy C. be important D. be skilled
20. The passage mainly discusses________.
A. how to show strengths in your work
B. working experience and knowledge at school
C. the relationship between school performance and career
D. how to get a job
6
I made an important decision when I was in Junior 3.
Before I made that decision, I was one of the boys who tried too hard to act as an adult. I didn't know that only kids want to show themselves as adults.
I didn't listen to my parents and teachers, and my grades became poor. Then came the high school entrance exam.
At the turning point of my life, my mom wanted to have a conversation with me. I wanted to turn it down but when I looked at her eyes, I felt I couldn't refuse. Instead of asking me to study hard, to my surprise, Mom just asked what I wanted to do in the future. Without thinking too much, I just said I would like to study hard.
Mom smiled and asked again: “I asked: what do you WANT to do？”
I never seriously thought about the question. So, I kept silent.
“Whether you want to go on studying or enter the society, ” she went on, “it is your own decision. Your life should be decided by you, not by anyone else, including me.” After saying that, she had tears in her eyes.
For the first time in my life, I was asked to make my own decision. I sat in my chair and thought about myself, my life and what kind of person I wanted to become.
It took me what seemed to be ages to make the biggest decision so far in my life—I wanted to be a man who makes a difference in the world. To achieve that, I needed to study hard.
The path to my future became clear to me. I didn't act rebelliously any more. With passion in my heart, I studied hard. Now, I'm one of the best students in the class.
Thanks to that decision, I have become what I am today.
21. When did the boy make an important decision
A. When he was in Junior 3. B. When he was in high school.
C. A year ago. D. When he was 17.
22. What's the Chinese meaning of the underlined word “passion”？
A. 乘客 B. 激情 C. 传递 D. 反对
23. What did the mother do at the turning point of the boy's life
A. She taught the boy the importance of study. B. She had a big fight with the boy.
C. She had a conversation with the boy. D. She told the boy to study hard.
24. Which of the following is NOT right
A. The boy's grades were poor before he made the decision.
B. The boy's mother didn't force him to study hard.
C. He wanted to make a difference in the world.
D. The boy's mother made a decision for the boy.
7
After written art had to fight a tough battle for attraction during the first decade of social media, owing to a certain group of writers, it is now on a significant rise. How Instagram and Twitter have offered jumpstarts to careers of authors like Dean Cocozza sets a blueprint for thousands of ambitious writers.
Cocozza started writing lyrics for his music as a teenager. He immediately had to experience that translating art to social media is not as simple as posting whatever his pen put down.
“Anyone who uses the platform with an intent will quickly learn that you only have the glimpse of a moment to catch the viewer’s attention. So the work I shared shifted to be more to the point, often one-liners. Then stuff started to go viral.”
The success and demand for more poems resulted in his first book Zero Dark Thirty, which sold out quickly. Despite the book containing mostly short writings, even said one-liners, Cocozza emphasizes that he doesn’t write for social media. “It was a very personal project resulting from a certain period of time” in his life. There are much bigger things that he works on and plans to get involved in.
Dean Cocozza has brought back emotional depth. In-between monetized (货币化的) content, blatant (明目张胆的) advertising and “perfect lives”, social media holds a spot for a new generation of artists, including literature. Critical thinkers and authentic writers remind the app’s consumers of their emotional human nature. Art galleries and bookstores might have lost a big part of their audience to digital media — but the art itself will always find ways to survive.
25. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 1 refer to
A. Written art. B. A tough battle. C. Social media. D. A group of writers.
26. What challenged Cocozza when he began to translate art to social media
A. To earn a living. B. To draw readers’ attention.
C. To protect his personal life. D. To show emotional depth.
27. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. Works with emotional depth are widely accepted on social media.
B. People with perfect lives like social media better.
C. Art galleries and bookstores will soon disappear.
D. Arts of emotion depth still hold value on social media.
28. What’s the author’s attitude towards art in the future
A. Positive. B. Carefree. C. Doubtful. D. Disapproving.
8
Light pollution is a significant but overlooked driver of the rapid decline of insect populations, according to the most comprehensive review of the scientific evidence to date.
Artificial light at night can affect every aspect of insects' lives, the researchers said. "We strongly believe artificial light at night — in combination with habitat loss, chemical pollution.invasive (入侵的) species, and climate change — is driving insect declines, " the scientists concluded after assessing more than 150 studies.
Insect population collapses have been reported around the world, and the first global scientific review published in February, said widespread declines threatened to cause a "catastrophic collapse of nature's ecosystems".
There are thought to be millions of insect species, most still unknown to science, and about half are active at night. Those active in the day may also be disturbed by light at night when they are at rest.
The most familiar impact of light pollution is moths (飞蛾) flapping around a bulb, mistaking it for the moon. Some insects use the polarisation of light to find the water they need to breed, as light waves line up after reflecting from a smooth surface. But artificial light can scupper (使泡汤) this. Insects are important prey (猎物) for many species, but light pollution can tip the balance in favour of the predator if it traps insects around lights. Such increases in predation risk were likely to cause the rapid extinction of affected species, the researchers said.
The researchers said most human-caused threats to insects have analogues in nature, such as climate change and invasive species. But light pollution is particularly hard for insects to deal with.
However, unlike other drivers of decline, light pollution is relatively easy to prevent. Simply turning off lights that are not needed is the most obvious action, he said, while making lights motion-activated also cuts light pollution. Shading lights so only the area needed is lit up is important. It is the same with avoiding blue-white lights, which interfere with daily rhythms. LED lights also offer hope as they can be easily tuned to avoid harmful colours and flicker rates.
29. What is discussed in the passage
A. Causes of declining insect populations.
B. Consequences of insect population collapses.
C. Light pollution: the key bringer of insect declines.
D. Insect declines: the driver of the collapsed ecosystem.
30. What is the 5th paragraph mainly about
A. How light travels in space.
B. How light helps insects find food.
C. How the food chain is interrelated.
D. How light pollution affects insects.
31. What does the underlined word"analogues"in Paragraph 6probably mean
A. Selective things. B. Similar things. C. Variations. D. Limitations.
32. What is the purpose of the last paragraph
A. To offer solutions.
B. To give examples.
C. To make comparisons.
D. To present arguments.
9
Babies who frequently communicate with their caregivers using eye contact and vocalisations(发声)at the age of one are more likely to develop greater languages skills by the time they reach two,according to new research.
In the study, researchers looked at 11- and 12-month-od babies' vocalisations. gestures and gaze behaviours ,and at how their caregivers responded to them.To measure he interactions ,the researchers videoed infants(婴儿)and caregiver at home,and asked them to play as usual.They took those recordings back to the university
The scientists then used statistical models to find that the best predictor of vocabulary at 24 months was when infants were seen to use vocalsatioms while looking at their caregiver's face when they were about a year old.The benefits were even greater when these interactions were followed by responses from the caregiver.
The statistics showed that at 19 months,children had an average of about 100 words.Those who exhibited the beneficial interactive behaviour earlier in life were seen to have an average of about 30 extra words.
"The message of this paper is that it is the result of a joint effort; noticing what your child is attending to and talking to them about it will support their language development." said McGillion, a co-author of the work.
"The joy of this message is that that can happen in any context... across any part of your day.It's not something that requires special equipment or even lots of time.I can happen when you're doing the laundry,for example—when you're taking out the socks, you can talk about socks...in the park, in the car, at mealtimes,at bathtimes.This finding can be used in any context,"added McGillion.
"This is a developmental snapshot in the first year of life, but children are constantly growing and changing and so are their behaviours. It would be interesting to look at these sorts of behaviours again as children progress through the second year of life to see what's happening there,"said Donnellan,the lead author on the study.
33. How did the researchers get the findings
A. By interacting with babies.
B. By asking babies to vocalize.
C. By analyzing relevant recordings.
D. By referring to the previous statistics.
34. What does he underlined word "it"in Paragraph 5 mean
A. Infants' eye contact.
B. Infants' larger vocabulary.
C. The response from caregivers.
D. The best predictor of vocabulary.
35. What did McGilion say about infants' interactive behaviour
A. I's easy to perform.
B. It's complex to understand.
C. It's difficult to copy.
D. It's interesting to video.
36. What might further studies be on
A. Children's academic progress.
B. Children's growing environment.
C. Children's potential physical development.
D. Children's behaviours across more age ranges.
10
In many cultures, it is considered unlucky to spill salt. Fortunately, many cultures also have a solution to the problem, which usually involves throwing a pinch of salt over your shoulder. It may seem confusing to modern humans, but knowing that salt was once incredibly valuable can change this perspective.
For thousands of years, salt was an extremely rare commodity. It was difficult to obtain so that the price was very high. Many trading routes were set up to carry salt, people were paid in salt, and salt was sometimes worth more than its weight in gold. Therefore, spilling salt was considered wasteful.
Because of its high value, salt was also associated with friendship and good fortune. Offerings of salt were included in many religious ceremonies, and people might bring salt to a new home for good luck. These associations would have suggested that it would be bad luck to spill salt, since it would seem to violate salt’s fortunate properties.
Salt is also an excellent preservative. It prevents food from going bad. As such, it came to be linked with health and longevity. In some cultures, spilling salt was thought to reduce one's well-being. In Britain, for example, each spilled grain was said to represent a tear, while in Germany spilled salt awakened the devil, bringing misfortune.
The fear of spilling salt was also adopted into the Christian faith. It is said that Judas spilled salt at the Last Supper, and since he later turned out to be the betrayer of Christ, spilled salt is considered unlucky by many Christians.
Should you be unfortunate enough to spill salt, you might throw a pinch over your left shoulder to blind the Devil.
37. Spilling salt was probably thought to bring bad luck because ________.
A. it was a Christian faith B. salt was linked with misfortune
C. it would decrease one’s lifespan D. salt was always expensive than gold
38. What does the underlined word “preservative” probably mean in Paragraph 4
A. Protector. B. Flavor. C. Medium. D. Solution.
39. What is the author's purpose in writing the text
A. To introduce the history of salt. B. To show ways to avoid misfortune.
C. To explain the beliefs about spilling salt. D. To entertain readers with some anecdotes.
参考答案
1
1. A 2. C 3. D 4. B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了国际母语日的相关内容。2月21日是国际母语日，该节日由联合国发起，旨在帮助保护世界各地的土著语言。每两个星期就有一种语言消失，整个文化遗产也随之消失，世界文化的多样性也随之减少。然而，土著语言不仅仅是一种交流手段，还表达出了包罗万象各个领域的知识。于是，旨在保护土著语言的国际母语日诞生了。
1. 词义猜测题。分析划线单词所在句“Every two weeks a language disappears, taking with it an entire culture’s heritage and thus diminishing the world’s cultural diversity.”可知，句中“thus”意为“因此”，由此可知，“diminishing the world’s cultural diversity”为之前句“Every two weeks a language disappears, taking with it an entire culture’s heritage”造成的结果，结合之前句含义为“每两个星期就有一种语言消失，整个文化遗产也随之消失 ”，由此可推知，语言消失，就会造成该语言代表的文化的消失，进一步会造成世界文化不再那么多样性，即，世界多样性的减少。由此可推知，划线单词“diminishing”应是“减少”含义，与选项A“decrease(减少)”表达含义一致。故选A项。
2. 主旨大意题。通过阅读文章第三段内容可知，该段第一句为该段主旨句，“Like languages around the world, indigenous Australian languages are under increasing threat of extinction.(与世界各地的语言一样，澳大利亚土著语言正面临越来越大的灭绝威胁。)”，即，该段主要围绕澳大利亚土著语言面临的灭绝威胁进行讲述的。选项C“The endangered situation of indigenous languages.(土著语言的濒危状况。)”概括了该段主旨。故选C项。
3. 细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容中Anne Martin的话“Indigenous languages are not just a means of communication, they express knowledge about everything: Law, geography, history, family and human relationships, philosophy, religion, anatomy, childcare, health, caring for country, astronomy, biology and food.(土著语言不仅仅是一种交流手段，它们表达的知识包罗万象：法律、地理、历史、家庭和人际关系、哲学、宗教、解剖学、儿童保育、保健、照料国家、天文学、生物学和食物。)”可知，在她看来，土著语言不仅仅是一种交流手段，还表达出了包罗万象的各个领域的知识。故选D项。
4. 主旨大意题。通过阅读文章可知，文章首段揭示了文章的主旨要义，“The International Mother Language Day is on February 21st and it was created by the United Nations to help preserve indigenous languages around the world.( 2月21日是国际母语日，该节日由联合国发起，旨在帮助保护世界各地的土著语言。)”，即，文章主要围绕“国际母语日”这一为了保护世界各地的土著语言的节日而讲述的，并在后文段落讲到了其起因和目的。选项B“An Introduction of International Mother Language Day.(国际母语日简介。)”贴合文章主旨要义。故选B项。
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5. B 6. C 7. D 8. B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。研究了古代狩猎中女性所扮演的角色，介绍了狩猎群体的组织结构。
5. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“The woman, thought to be between 17 and 19 years old when she died, was buried with items that suggested she hunted big-game animals by spear (矛) throwing. (这名女性被认为死的时候在17岁到19岁之间，埋葬的物品表明她用长矛猎杀大型猎物) ”，研究人员发现的女性说明她活着的时候可能会用打猎工具，故选B。
6. 词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Of those, 27 individuals were buried with hunting tools—11 were female and 15 were male. The sample was sufficient to “justify the conclusion that female participation in early big-game hunting was likely nontrivial,” said lead study author Haas. (其中，27人埋葬的地方有狩猎工具，其中11人是女性，15人是男性。研究报告的主要作者Haas说，这一样本足以证明“女性参与早期大型狩猎活动可能是nontrivial”的结论)”，可知，在研究中发现的埋葬的地方有狩猎工具的男女比例相当，因此，女性在早期大型狩猎中有参与这一观点应当是正确的，是有重要意义的，故选C。
7. 细节理解题。根据第五段“But recent research suggests hunting was very much a community-based activity, needing the participation of all able-bodied individuals to drive large animals, the study said. Meanwhile, the spears used at that time had low accuracy, encouraging participation, and using it was a skill learned from childhood. Women may also have been freed from child care demands by “allo-parenting”—raising children was a job shared by many. (但最近的研究表明，狩猎在很大程度上是一种以社区为基础的活动，需要所有身体健全的人参与大型动物的狩猎。同时，当时使用的长矛精度不高，所以鼓励大家都参与，使用长矛是从小学习的技能。女性也可以通 过“另类育儿”从育儿需求中解脱出来——抚养孩子是许多人共同的工作)”，可知，另类育儿解放了女性，大型狩猎以及使用的低精度的工具需要女性参与狩猎，也就是①②④导致女性参与狩猎，故选D。
8. 细节理解题。最后一段““Our findings have made me rethink the most basic organizational structure of ancient hunter-gatherer groups, and human groups more generally,” Haas said. (Hass说：“我们的发现让我重新思考了古代狩猎采集群体最基本的组织结构，以及更普遍的人类群体 ”)”，可知，Haas认为我们应当重新思考之前对人类群体的看法。故选B。
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9. D 10. D 11. D 12. A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在新冠病毒期间美国的贫富差距，并提到了一个法案，通过提高富人的税率纳税来帮助支付其他美国人的医疗费用。
9. 推理判断题。根据第一段“There is a school in my Manhattan neighbourhood that has been giving out free meals during the Covid-19 pandemic-and every time I walk past it the line seems longer.（我住的曼哈顿社区有一所学校，在Covid-19大流行期间一直在发放免费餐食——每次经过它，排队的人似乎都更长了。）”可知，第一段主要讲述了在新冠病毒期间，美国一些不富裕的人依靠救济生活的状况，第二段“America’s 600-plus billionaires saw their wealth grow by more than $700bn in the first few months of the pandemic. During the same period, more than 50 million American workers lost their jobs.（在疫情爆发的头几个月里，美国600多名亿万富翁的财富增长了逾7000亿美元。在同一时期，超过5000万美国工人失去了工作。）”说明在新冠病毒期间，美国富人反而赚了更多的钱。可见，作者对第一、二段通过对比的手法展开，体现了美国的贫富差距之大。故选D项。
10. 词句猜测题。根据第二段“America’s 600-plus billionaires saw their wealth grow by more than $700bn in the first few months of the pandemic. During the same period, more than 50 million American workers lost their jobs.（在疫情爆发的头几个月里，美国600多名亿万富翁的财富增长了逾7000亿美元。在同一时期，超过5000万美国工人失去了工作。）”可知，第二段主要讲述了在新冠病毒期间，美国富人反而赚了更多的钱。第二段和第一段形成对比，以体现美国的贫富差距之大，因此，作者这里说“It’s not all doom and gloom.（这不全是厄运和阴郁。）”显然是在反讽，说明亿万富翁们在大流行期间仍在盈利。故选D项。
11. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Last week, Sanders introduced a bill, Make Billionaires Pay Act, that would establish a one-time 60% tax on billionaires’ pandemic gains and use the money to guarantee Americans free health care for a year.（上周，Sanders提出了一项法案——《让亿万富翁支付法案》，该法案将对亿万富翁的流行病收益征收一次性60%的税，并用这笔钱来保证美国人一年的免费医疗保健。）”可知，Sanders提出的这项法案是用富人的钱去保证美国人一年的免费治疗。因此这项法案的目的是保证美国人暂时的免费医疗服务。故选D项。
12. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Billionaires shouldn’t exist in the first place-the idea that they should be taxed at a higher rate during a pandemic to help pay health care shouldn’t be remotely controversial.（亿万富翁本来就不应该存在——在流感大流行期间，他们应该以更高的税率来帮助支付医疗保健费用，这一点根本就不应该引起争议。）”可知，作者认为亿万富翁本来就不应该存在，说明作者对亿万富翁是反对的。故选A项。
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13. C 14. B 15. A 16. D
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。叙述了新泽西州的一对夫妻和一个流浪汉被指控诈骗的故事。
13. 推理判断题。根据第一段句子“A New Jersey couple and a homeless man have been accused of making up a feel﹣good story that raised more than ＄400，000 through GoFundMe.”新泽西州一对夫妇和一名流浪汉被指控编造了一个让人感觉良好的故事，通过GoFundMe筹集了40多万美元。可见这对夫妻发起这项运动的真实目的是为自己的利益筹资，故选C。
14. 猜测词义题。根据后文句子“The couple said they met Bobbitt when he gave his last ＄20 to McClure”这对夫妇说，他们是在博比特把最后20美元给麦克卢尔。“so she could put gas in her car，then started the GoFundMe campaign as a way to thank him.”然后给车加油，可见画线单词是困在路上无法运动的意思，A：Impossible to finish不可能完成；B：Unable to move无法移动；C：Without any choice别无选择；D：Out of service停用。故选B。
15. 细节理解题。 根据第六段句子“After fees，the money of the campaign netted about ＄367，000，all deposited into McClure's accounts，Coffina said. Bobbitt received ＄75，000.”扣除费用后，竞选资金净赚约36.7万美元，全部存入麦克卢尔的科夫纳账户博比特说收到75000美元，可见这对夫妇的非法收入是292.000美元，故选A。
16. 细节理解题。根据第一段句子“A New Jersey couple and a homeless man have been accused of making up a feel﹣good story that raised more than ＄400，000 through GoFundMe.”新泽西州一对夫妇和一名流浪汉被指控编造了一个让人感觉良好的故事，通过GoFundMe筹集了40多万美元。倒数第三段句子“he was fully involved in the crime，using media to help "promote the dishonest campaign".”他完全参与犯罪，利用媒体帮助“宣传不诚实的运动”。可见Bobbitt全程参与了编造故事的诈骗活动，因此被起诉，故选D。
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17. C 18. D 19. B 20. C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章是关于选择职业方面的考虑事项。要从事自己擅长的学科，同时要了解自己的弱点，了解自己只有这样才可以选择满意的事业。
17. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Although not all subjects can be used directly in a job, they may have indirect value. A knowledge of history is not required for most jobs but if history is one of your good subjects you will have learned to remember facts and details. This is an ability that can be useful in many jobs.（虽然不是所有的科目都能直接用于工作中，但它们可能有间接的价值。大多数工作都不要求历史知识，但如果历史是你的好科目之一，你就会学会记住事实和细节。这是一种在很多工作中都很有用的能力。）”可知，我们可以从第一段中推断，每一门学科的知识可能对你的职业生涯有价值。故选C。
18. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Your school record, for instance, may not be too good, yet it is an important part of your background. You should not be apologetic about it but instead recognize that you will have a chance of a fresh start at work.（例如，你的学校成绩可能不是很好，但它是你背景的重要组成部分。你不应该为此感到抱歉，相反，你应该意识到你将有一个在工作中重新开始的机会。）”可知，从文章中我们了解到，如果一个学生在学校的表现不好，他将有机会在未来的工作中一个新的开始。故选D。
19. 词义猜测题。根据最后一段中“when you handle tools（当你使用工具时）”由此可知，短语“be all thumbs”应该是描述人们操作工具时的状态或样子，而thumbs的原意是大拇指，这里显然不能用这个单词的含义来推断整个短语的意思。该句的前面是本段的主题句“正视自己的弱点也是了解自己的一部分”，而该句中分号后面的半句话意为“也许你拼写很糟糕或不能把一列数字相加”，分号表并列关系，由此判断出第三段第二句是基于该段主题句而举出的关于“弱点”的一些例子，前半句中的“be all thumbs”应该是形容人们操作工具时不熟练、笨拙。故选B。
20. 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“What should you think about when trying to find your career You are probably better at some school subjects than others. These may show strengths that you can use in your work.（你在找工作的时候应该考虑什么 你可能在学校的某些科目上比其他科目要好。这些可能会显示出你可以在工作中使用的优势。）”和最后一段中“It is better to face any weakness than to pretend they do not exist. Your school record, for instance, may not be too good, yet it is an important part of your background. You should not be apologetic about it but instead recognize that you will have a chance of a fresh start at work.（面对任何弱点都比假装它们不存在要好。例如，你的学校成绩可能不是很好，但它是你背景的重要组成部分。你不应该为此感到抱歉，相反，你应该意识到你将有一个在工作中重新开始的机会。）”可知，这篇文章主要讨论学校表现和职业生涯之间的关系。故选C。
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21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了一个成绩不好的男孩在初三时，和母亲谈话之后，自己做了一个重要的决定，决心努力学习成为一个能改变世界的人。
21. 细节理解题。根据第一段“I made an important decision when I was in Junior 3.(我在初中三年级的时候做了一个重要的决定)”可知，这个男孩在初中三年级的时候做了一个重要的决定。故选A。
22. 词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“in my heart, I studied hard. Now, I'm one of the best students in the class.”可知，作者怀着满腔的激情，努力学习。现在是班上最好的学生之一。故画线词意思是“激情”。故选B。
23. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“At the turning point of my life, my mom wanted to have a conversation with me.(在我人生的转折点，我妈妈想和我谈一谈)”可知，在男孩生命的转折点上，母亲和那个男孩进行了一次对话。故选C。
24. 细节理解题。根据第七段中““Whether you want to go on studying or enter the society, ” she went on, “it is your own decision. Your life should be decided by you, not by anyone else, including me.”(她接着说：“你是想继续学习，还是想进入社会，这是你自己的决定。你的生活应该由你自己决定，而不是其他人，包括我。”)”可知，D选项“男孩的母亲为男孩做了决定”不正确。故选D。
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25. A 26. B 27. D 28. A
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。社交媒体的发展为艺术带来了巨大的冲击，艺术家们对此进行了艰苦的斗争，Dean Cocozza作为其中的代表之一，成功地将艺术翻译到社交媒体上并受到了很多关注，给艺术带来了新的生机。
25. 词句猜测题。根据第一段第一句中的“After written art had to fight a tough battle for attraction during the first decade of social media(在社交媒体出现的头十年里，书法为吸引眼球进行了一场艰苦的战斗)”可知，it是指书法。故选A。
26. 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Anyone who uses the platform with an intent will quickly learn that you only have the glimpse of a moment to catch the viewer’s attention.(任何有意使用这个平台的人都会很快发现，你只有一瞬间的时间来吸引观众的注意力)”可知，当Cocozza开始将艺术翻译到社交媒体上时，吸引读者的注意力对他来说是个挑战。故选B。
27. 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Dean Cocozza has brought back emotional depth. (Dean Cocozza带回了情感深度)”和第三句“Critical thinkers and authentic writers remind the app’s consumers of their emotional human nature. (批判性思考者和真正的作家提醒应用的消费者他们的情感本质)”可知，情感深度艺术在社交媒体上仍然有价值。故选D。
28. 观点态度题。根据最后一段最后一句“Art galleries and bookstores might have lost a big part of their audience to digital media — but the art itself will always find ways to survive. (画廊和书店的很大一部分观众可能被数字媒体夺走——但艺术本身总会找到生存之道)”可知，作者对艺术的未来持积极乐观的态度。故选A。
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29. C 30. D 31. B 32. A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了光污染对昆虫减少的影响。
29. 主旨大意题。由文章总领段第一段“Light pollution is a significant but overlooked driver of the rapid decline of insect populations, according to the most comprehensive review of the scientific evidence to date.(根据对迄今为止的科学证据进行的最全面的回顾，光污染是昆虫数量迅速下降的一个重要但被忽视的驱动因素)”，结合下文内容主要围绕介绍光污染对昆虫减少的影响展开可知，本文主要讨论昆虫数量下降的原因。故选C项。
30. 主旨大意题。由文章第五段“The most familiar impact of light pollution is moths (飞蛾) flapping around a bulb, mistaking it for the moon. Some insects use the polarisation of light to find the water they need to breed, as light waves line up after reflecting from a smooth surface. But artificial light can scupper (使泡汤) this. Insects are important prey (猎物)for many species, but light pollution can tip the balance in favour of the predator if it traps insects around lights. Such increases in predation risk were likely to cause the rapid extinction of affected species, the researchers said.(光污染最常见的影响是蛾子在灯泡周围飞来飞去，误以为是月亮。 一些昆虫利用光的偏振来寻找它们繁殖所需的水，因为光波在光滑的表面反射后会排成一行。 但人造光会破坏这一点。 昆虫是许多物种的重要猎物，但如果光污染困住了在光周围的昆虫，那么这种平衡就会偏向捕食者。 研究人员说，这种捕食风险的增加很可能导致受影响物种的迅速灭绝)”可知，第五段主要讲述的是光污染会让昆虫误把光滑的表面当成水面，在这里繁殖，而这更会让他们的天敌抓住他们，会导致昆虫的快速灭绝。可见这一段讲述的是光污染是如何影响昆虫的。故选D项。
31. 词句猜测题。由文章第六段“such as climate change and invasive species. But light pollution is particularly hard for insects to deal with.(比如气候变化和入侵物种。但是光污染对昆虫来说很难去应对解决)”可知，“气候变化”和“入侵物种”都是昆虫在自然界中会遇到的威胁，“气候变化”和“入侵物种”等此类威胁在大自然中是有analogues的，因此昆虫可以解决。言外之意就是说因为昆虫在大自然中经历过这种威胁， 所以在人类带来的这些相似的威胁中， 他们也可以应对，但“光污染”就很难去应对解决了。由此可猜测划线词应是相同、相似物的意思。故选B项。
32. 推理判断题。由文章最后一段“However, unlike other drivers of decline, light pollution is relatively easy to prevent.(不像其他导致昆虫减少的因素，光污染相对容易去避免)”可以看出，这一段是在讲避免光污染的解决方法。故选A项。
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33. C 34. B 35. A 36. D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要研究了婴儿的语言技能与护理者之间的互动的关系，得出的结论是：和孩子的眼神以及语言交流越多，孩子的语言能力就越好。
33. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中句子“Babies who frequently communicate with their caregivers using eye contact and vocalisations(发声)at the age of on are more likely to develop greater languages skills by the time they reach two,according to new research.”（一项新的研究表明，婴儿在一岁的时候经常笑并与他们的照顾者使用目光接触和交流发声更有可能使他们在两岁的时候产生更大的语言技能。）可知，研究人员通过一项新的研究研究出了和孩子的眼神以及语言交流越多，孩子的语言能力就越好。故选C项。
34. 词义猜测题。根据文章第四段最后一句“Those who exhibited the beneficial interactive behaviour earlier in life were seen to have an average of about 30 extra words.”（那些更早展示有益的互动行为的婴儿获得了更多的词汇量。）和第五段中句子“The message of this paper is that it is the result of a joint effort”（它是一个共同努力的结果。）可知，这里的“它”指代的是前文婴儿更大的词汇量。故选B项。
35. 推理判断题。根据文章第六段第一句“The joy of this message is that that can happen in any context... across any part of your day.It's not something that requires special equipment or even lots of time.I can happen when you're doing the laundry,for example—when you're taking out the socks, you can talk about socks...in the park, in the car, at mealtimes,at bathtimes.”（ MG说, 这种信息的交流可以在一天中的任何时刻发生, 无论是在洗衣房, 还是在公园, 在车里, 在吃饭的时候, 在洗澡的时候）可推测，这种互动的表现是很容易去执行的。因此选A项。
36. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第二句“It would be interesting to look at these sorts of behaviours again as children progress through the second year of life to see what's happening there”（当孩子们在第二年的成长过程中再次观察这些行为，看看那里发生了什么，这将是一件很有趣的事情。”） 可知，进一步的研究应该是去研究儿童在更多年龄段的行为。故选D项。
10
37. C 38. A 39. C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界上一些关于洒盐的观念以及应对方法。
37. 推理判断题。根据第四段中“As such, it came to be linked with health and longevity. In some cultures, spilling salt was thought to reduce one's well-being. In Britain, for example, each spilled grain was said to represent a tear, while in Germany spilled salt awakened the devil, bringing misfortune.(因此，它与健康和长寿联系在一起。在一些文化中，洒盐被认为会降低幸福感。例如，在英国，每一粒洒下的谷物据说代表一滴眼泪，而在德国，洒下的盐唤醒了魔鬼，带来了不幸)”可知，人们可能认为撒盐会带来厄运，是因为这会缩短人的寿命。故选C。
38. 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“It prevents food from going bad.(它可以防止食物变质)”可知，盐可以防止食物变质，所以是是一种很好的食物保护物，即划线词意思是“保护物”。A. Protector.保护物；B. Flavor.风味；C. Medium.中等；D. Solution.解决方案。故选A。
39. 推理判断题。根据第一段“In many cultures, it is considered unlucky to spill salt. Fortunately, many cultures also have a solution to the problem, which usually involves throwing a pinch of salt over your shoulder. It may seem confusing to modern humans, but knowing that salt was once incredibly valuable can change this perspective. (在许多文化中，洒盐被认为是不吉利的。幸运的是，许多文化也有解决这个问题的办法，通常是在你身后洒一撮盐。 这可能让现代人感到困惑，但知道盐曾经非常有价值可以改变这种看法)”结合文章主要介绍了世界上一些关于洒盐的观念以及应对方法。由此推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是解释一些关于洒盐的信仰。故选C。(共15张PPT)
词句猜测题
【常考题型】
题型1 词义(词组) 猜测题 考查考生猜测文章中某个生词或短语的含义,或考查该词能被哪个单词或短语代替
题型2 句意猜测题 考查考生准确理解作者的观点,尤其是对特定的人、物、事件的褒贬观点,以准确推断语句的含义
题型3 代词指代题 要求考生依据语境的逻辑关系,判断画线的人称代词或指示代词在文章中指代的对象
【真题示例】
【题型1】词义(词组)猜测题
【典例展示】 (2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·C篇节选)
...These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate to.
30.What do the underlined words “relate to” in Paragraph 2 mean
A.Understand. B.Paint.
C.Seize. D.Transform.
【策略分析】
第一步:扫描题干,找关键词。
关键词: What, relate to, Paragraph 2, mean
第二步:根据关键词,定位信息。
定位原文信息:These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate to.(第二段)
第三步:根据关键词和定位信息可知画线词所在的句子的意思:这些场景可能是数百年前绘制的,但它们记录了一些我们都能理解的时刻。根据句中的转折意义可推知,此处与画线短语“relate to”的意思最相近的为A项“理解、认识到”。故选 _______。
A
【要点提示】
解题时,根据定位信息的语境排除B项的paint;而C项seize的意思是“抓住;占领;夺取”等,和画线词的语境也明显不符,故排除。
【题型2】句意猜测题
【典例展示】 (2017·浙江高考A·节选)
Benjamin West, the father of American painting, showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age. But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one. In those days, a brush was made from camel’s hair. There were no camels nearby. Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead. He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.
The brush did not last long. Soon Benjamin needed more fur. Before long, the cat began to look ragged(蓬乱). His father said that the cat must be sick. Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing.
The cat’s lot was about to improve. That year, one of Benjamin’s cousins, Mr Pennington, came to visit. He was impressed with Benjamin’s drawings. When he went home, he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes. He also sent six engravings(版画) by an artist. These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen.
...
22.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 suggest
A.The cat would be closely watched.
B.The cat would get some medical care.
C.Benjamin would leave his home shortly.
D.Benjamin would have real brushes soon.
【策略分析】
第一步:定位画线句The cat’s lot was about to improve.
第二步:分析第三段最后一句These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen.可知这些是本杰明见过的第一批画和第一批真正的绘画颜料和画笔。
第三步:归纳可知本杰明在剪完猫的毛做画笔之后, 很快就有了真正的画笔, 故选_______。
D
【题型3】代词指代题
【典例展示】 (2022·新高考Ⅱ卷C·节选)
...
“We need something on the books that can change people’s behavior,” said Félix W. Ortiz, who pushed for the state’s 2001 ban on hand-held devices by drivers. If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, he said, “people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone.”
10.What does the underlined word “something” in the last paragraph refer to
A.Advice. B.Data. C.Tests. D.Laws.
【策略分析】
第一步:迅速扫读文章, 找出画线词在文章中的出处
第二步:根据句中的We need something on the books that can change people’s behavior(我们需要一些书面的能改变人们行为的东西)可知,something是能够改变人们的行为的事情。根据下文的If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, he said, “people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone.”他说,如果Textalyzer法案成为法律,“人们会更害怕拿起手机”。
第三步:人们的行为会改变的条件是当Textalyzer法案成为法律。受到法律的约束和惩罚,司机们才不会在开车的时候使用手机。故选_______。
D
【要点提示】
考生在解答本题时,易忽视上下文的逻辑关系和所涉及的相关信息,单一地、孤立地分析某句内容而不能全面总结。
【技巧归纳】
技巧1 词义(词组)猜测题
技巧2 句意猜测题
技巧3 代词指代题
