语法填空之无提示词
【考点分析】
考点1 冠词 名词之前,尤泛指“一”用a/an,特指用the
考点2 介词 当空格后的名词在句中不作主语、表语或动词宾语时填介词;关注介词的固定用法和习惯搭配等
考点3 代词 代词主要考查人称代词、不定代词、反身代词、形容词性物主代词。另外,it也是考查的重点,主要指代上文事物,或作形式主语和形式宾语
【真题示例】
【典例示例】 (2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)
Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look.Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach...the animals
Since June 2017, right before the 56.__________(arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and 57.__________(confidence) speaking English.And who do they speak English 58.__________
Not the pandas, even though 59.__________ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English.They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 60.__________(visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.They also need to be ready to give 61.__________(interview) in English with international journalists.This is 62.__________ they need an English trainer.
So, what are they learning 63.__________(basic), how to describe a panda’s life.It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop 64.__________ to see the pandas settle into their new home.As a little girl, I 65.__________(wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up.Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English.
【解答策略】
第一步 通读全文,明确主旨大意。
本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者在柏林动物园教英语。
第二步 分析句子和句际关系,确定题型和考点。
题号 56 57 58 59 60
提示 有 有 无 无 有
考点 名词 形容词 介词 冠词 非谓语
题号 61 62 63 64 65
提示 有 无 有 无 有
考点 名词复数 连接副词 副词 连词 动词时态
第三步 从词法、句法和语法入手,确定词汇和词形。
序号 技巧 解题方法演示 答案
56 词形 变化 空前是冠词,空后是介词,所以空处应填名词作介词before的宾语,arrive的名词形式是arrival,为不可数名词 arrival
57 修饰 关系 空处和前文的comfortable并列,作并列表语,应用形容词形式,confidence的形容词形式是confident confident
58 固定 搭配 根据句意此处强调双向交流,应用固定搭配:speak with sb.意为“与某人交谈” with
59 习惯 搭配 此处特指用于医学训练指导使用的语言,表特指,应用定冠词修饰 the
60 动词 用法 空后是名词,所以空处作定语,visit与被修饰词Chinese zookeepers是主动关系 visiting
61 语境 意义 空前是动词,所以空处应填名词作宾语,interview意为“采访”,为可数名词,不止一段采访,应用复数形式 interviews
62 逻辑 关系 空处引导表语从句,从句结构完整,应该用连接副词连接,前文提到需要培训师的原因,此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因”之意,应用why引导表语从句 why
63 修饰 关系 空处修饰空后整个句子,应该用副词修饰,basic的副词形式是basically,位于句首,首字母应大写 Basically
64 逻辑 关系 “to watch the panda programme develop”和“to see the pandas settle into their new home”两者是并列关系,应该用and连接 and
65 时态 意义 本句缺少谓语动词,所以wish作本句谓语,和主语I之间是主动关系,根据后文的grew可知用一般过去时 wished
【技巧归纳】
技巧1 当空格需要填冠词时
(1)明晰冠词的解题思路
(2)牢记含有冠词的常用固定搭配
①含有不定冠词的固定搭配
have a look 看一下
take a bath/walk/rest 冲凉/散步/休息
as a matter of fact 事实上
all of a sudden 突然
②含有定冠词的固定搭配
on the whole 总体上
all the way 一直
in the end 最后
技巧2 当空格需要填介词时
当名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时,其前面一般填介词。通常考查介词与动词、名词、形容词的搭配。
(1)表示时间和方位的介词
类别 介词 用法
表示 时间 at,in,on ①at表示时间点;②in表示时间段,与表示较长一段时间的词搭配;③on表示在特定的日子、具体的日期、星期几、具体的某一天或某些节日;也可表示在具体的某一天的上午、下午或晚上
in,after 两者后均可接时间段,表示“在……之后”,但“in+时间段”常与将来时连用,“after+时间段”常与过去时连用
for,since, from ①“for+时间段”表示某种行为或状态持续了一段时间;②“since+时间点”强调自过去某时延续至今的一段时间;③“from+时间点”表示行为或状态的起始点
before,by before与by都可表示“在……之前”,但by表示“不迟于某时”,包括某时在内
表示 方位 on,above,over ①on指在某物的表面上,其反义词是beneath;②above指离开物体表面而在其上方,不一定是垂直向上,其反义词是below; ③over指离开物体表面而在其正上方,其反义词是under,over还可以表示“越过……”
across, through, past,over,along,by,beside ①across指从一平面上“横穿”或“在……对面”;②through指从人群或物体内部“穿过,贯穿”;③past表示动态的动作发生在某人/某物的旁边;④over表示从上方越过;⑤along表示“沿着”;⑥by与beside均表示“在……旁边”,by含有“凭靠”的意思,beside指两者位置关系
at,in,on ①at后接较小的地方或门牌号码;②in后接较大的地方;③on一般指与面或线接触
in,on,to, off ①in表示在某一范围之内;②on表示与某一地区“毗邻,接壤”;③to表示在某范围之外;④off表示“(时空上)离,距”
(2)其他介词
介词 用法
against 反对,违背,与……相反;触,碰撞;紧靠,倚靠;与……竞争,对阵;以……为背景
at ①用在表示某地点、场合、方位等的名词前;②用在表示时刻、钟点、期间、……岁、时节等的名词前;③以,按(价格、速度、数量等);④朝、向、对着某人/某物的方向
beyond (指程度)深于;(指范围)超出;(指可能性、理解力、能力等)非……可及;(时间)晚于
by (时间)不迟于,在……之前;常用于结构“by+the+单数名词”,表示“按……计算”;(表示程度、数量)相差;经过,经由;通过(某种方法、手段)
for (表示目的或功能)为了;(表示对象或用途)给,对;(表示原因)因为,由于;(表示时间、距离、数量)达,计;支持,赞成;至于,关于;就……而言;(表示去向)往,向;(表示陈述或问题的对象)对于
in (表示地点、场所、位置等)在……里面;在……内;(表示时间)在……期间;在(一段时间)以内;(表示某人或某物的状态、情况)处于……中;关于;在……方面
on (表示接触或由某一表面支撑着)在……上;(表示时间)在……时候;关于,有关;借助于,通过……,以……方式
with 和……一起,和,同,跟;(伴)随着;具有,带有;由于,因为;(表示方式)用
(3)牢记常考介词构成的短语
①at+名词
at a loss 不知所措 at dinner 在吃晚餐
at peace 处于和平状态 at dawn 在黎明
at war 在战争中 at work 在工作
②by+名词
by accident 偶然地 by chance 偶然地
by force 用暴力 by hand 手工地
by mistake 错误地 by the month 按月算
③beyond+名词
beyond comparison 无与伦比
beyond control 失控
beyond description 难以描述
beyond doubt 毋庸置疑
beyond expression 难以表达
beyond (one’s)reach 够不到
④in十名词
in bed 在床上
in danger 处于危险中
in debt 负债
in difficulty 处境困难
in high spirits 情绪高昂
in need 在危难中;在穷困中
in order 整齐;井然有序
in surprise 吃惊地
in trouble 在困难中
in use 使用中
⑤on+名词
on a trip 在旅行 on business 在出差
on display/show 在展出
on duty 在值班
on holiday/vacation 在度假
on sale 在出售 on strike 在罢工
on the way 在途中
⑥其他高频介词短语
against time 争分夺秒
at the sight of 一看到……
at the age of 在……岁时
in the face of 面对;面临
in addition (to) 另外;除了
in case of 万一 in charge of 负责;主管
in favour of 赞成;支持 in need of 需要
in no time 立刻 in a hurry 匆忙
in preparation for 为……做准备
in return for 作为回报
on behalf of 代表
技巧3 当空格需要填代词时
当句中缺少主语或宾语时,一般要填代词,主要包括不定代词和it。
(1)熟记不定代词的区别
the other 指两者中的另一个,表示特指
other 表示泛指,意为“另外的,其他的”,修饰可数名词复数
others 泛指“其他人”或“其他物”,常用结构:some... others...
the others 表示特定范围中的“另外的全部”
another 泛指同类的人或物,指三者或三者以上的另一个,可单独使用或在其后加可数名词单数
one 指代前面出现过的那类事物中的 “一个”,其复数形式是 ones
that 指代上文出现的单数名词或不可数名词
those 指代上文出现的复数名词
(2)牢记代词it的常考用法
①指代天气、时间、距离等
②代替上文提到过的事物
③代替性别不明的婴儿、动物或不确定的某个人
④代替不定式、动名词或从句作形式主语或形式宾语
a.it作形式主语:
·It+be+adj. +of/for sb. to do sth.
·It is no good/no use/useless/a waste of time doing sth.
·It is a pity/a fact/no wonder/adj. +that...
·It seems/appears/turns out+that...
·It is said/reported/believed... +that...
·It takes sb. some time/money to do sth.
b.it作形式宾语:
·主语+think/believe/suppose/consider/make/keep... +it+补语+to do sth. /that...
·主语+like/hate/love/appreciate... +it+从句
⑤it的常用固定句型
·It is/was+被强调成分+that/who+其他.
【拓展演练】
1
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A total of 12 areas across China have been required to innovate, protect and develop 1 copyright of Chinese folk cultures as an national pilot program. The pilot consists 2 four provinces, including Jiangsu and Sichuan, as well as eight cities, including Weifang and Huangshan. The program 3 (carry) out during last year’s International Copyright Forum, 4 was held in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi province.
Folklore is an important treasure of Chinese civilization, so it is essential to strengthen the 5 (protect), promotion and spread of folk cultures. The move is not only a requirement for promoting the creative transformation of traditional cultures, but also a key way to enhance the country’s cultural soft power and improve 6 (it) cultural self-confidence and self-growth.
While 7 (give) full play to advantages of local folk resources and clarifying the current situation of the country’s folk customs, the pilot areas will enhance public awareness of protecting the copyright of folk cultures 8 promote copyright innovation, application, management and services.
At the opening ceremony, Zhang Jianchun, vice-minister of the Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, called for greater efforts to fully advance high-quality development and 9 (active) encourage creation through copyright. “Copyright protection is a guarantee, so we’d like 10 (increase) exchanges and cooperation with the world,” he said.
2
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has nearly 5,000 years of 11 (record) history. However, the history of Chinese furniture is even longer than 12 of its writing, which can be traced back to the Hemudu Culture more than 7,000 years ago.
During the Ming and Qing dynasties, most of the furniture was hand-made using high-quality hardwood 13 raw materials, which are now rare and expensive. Ordinary people often use wood such as pine, elm, and beech, but the quality between the woods 14 (differ) greatly.
Classical furniture is mostly made by hand. Modern machines cannot 15 (complete) replace handwork. The shapes carved by the machine are neat but the lines are rigid and lacking vitality.
The most delicate aspect of Chinese classical furniture is the structural part of the furniture—mortise-and-tenon (榫卯) bining pieces of wood together, 16 (use) nothing more than the wood itself, is a basic skill of all carpenters (木匠) in ancient China. It was first discovered in the wooden structure of the Hemudu site 17 the ancestors lived more than 7,000 years ago. This structure is the wisdom of the Chinese working people and fully represents the 18 (create) and artistry (艺术性) of humanity.
Ancient Chinese 19 (philosophy) have been expressed in traditional Chinese furniture. For example, Confucianism emphasizes gentleness and moderation. 20 (achieve) that, skilled carpenters properly matched the curves and straight lines of the furniture. That’s why Chinese furniture always displays both balance and stability.
3
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Jiangsu, known for its unique blend of innovation and preservation, is a true treasure. I was 21 (incredible) fortunate to journey through the cities of Suzhou and Nanjing, both of which left me fascinated with their true impressiveness and eagerly 22 (long) to explore further.
My first stop was Suzhou. 23 (engage) myself in the local industrial atmosphere, I specially chose a hotel in the “industrial park”, 24 the coexistence of advanced manufacturing and natural beauty was most evident, as it was situated on the edge of a 25 (scene) lake, embraced by a vibrant landscape. As I adventured into the heart of the city, the Old Town’s ancient waterways led me on an 26 (explore) of history, and the classical gardens offered a glimpse into a storied past. However, what truly amazed me was the “energy of Suzhou” represented by its people who have enormous respect for their city’s time-honored history as well as 27 innovative eye on the future.
Actually, the mindset of modernization with deep respect for the past isn’t only unique to Suzhou 28 an indicative factor of Nanjing. High-rises decorate the city’s skyline, creating a distinct contrast 29 the ancient neighborhoods, temples, and buildings that 30 (occupy) previously by people.
4
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The village of Dafen, China was once thought to have produced the 31 (much) oil paintings in the world every year. Recognized as the “world’s art factory”, Dafen impressed visitors with its many workshops, in 32 painters copied masterpieces by Van Gogh, Monet and Warhol. But the village 33 (see) more as a production line than a place of culture. Today the future of Dafen may depend 34 whether it is able to earn respect of the art world.
Things started to change for Dafen in 2008, when the global financial crisis cut down overseas orders. With more demand coming from the native market, artists began painting 35 (difference) subjects. New customers preferred Chinese styles, says a painter in Dafen. He learnt the art of Shan Shui which 36 (involve) representing natural landscapes. In some ways Dafen reflected the broader economy. As exports starts to drop as a share of GDP, home demand plays a larger role in driving 37 (grow).
China is the world’s second-largest art market. But it is not clear where Dafen fits in. It is said that the demand for their paintings has dropped in 38 past two pandemic-stricken years. “Many people would probably be 39 (surprise) that Dafen still exists,” says Lisa Movius, a writer in Shanghai who reports art. In order to adapt to the change, perhaps it is time for Dafen 40 (make) a change.
5
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There are many folk stories in China. A more generally 41 (accept) legend goes that humans were created by a goddess named Nüwa, 42 had a human head but the body of a snake. As she traveled 43 earth, Nüwa began to feel lonely. So she took some yellow earth, 44 (mix) it with water and formed a human. This new person immediately began dancing about and shouting in 45 (happy). Nüwa was pleased so she continued to form other people 46 the world was full of humans.
Later, GongGong, the god of water, and Zhu Rong, the god of fire, had a great fight, 47 (create) a mess in the heavens and on the earth. In the end, Gong Gong lost. He was so angry that he hit his head 48 Buzhou Mountain, which was holding up the sky, and the mountain fell. As the sky began to fall, all the planets and the stars started to move to the northwest, leaving a hole in the sky. Worried that her humans would be killed, Nuwa took stones of five different colors, melted them and then used them to cover up the hole in the sky. 49 (keep) the sky from falling, she put a turtle’s leg at each corner to hold it up. In this way, humans 50 (save).
6
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Wearing Hanfu and sitting in front of a Chinese zither (筝), Peng Jingxuan, a young Chinese student, moves her fingers gently along the strings on a street in Paris, France.
Peng has shared more than 200 51 (origin) videos online, with the most popular one featuring the theme song of the movie A Chinese Ghost Story viewed over 16.61 million times. “I love how she’s representing her culture in a 52 (set) where people are not familiar with it. You can tell she’s proud of her background and her music,” one of her fans commented.
Chinese zither (筝), or guzheng, is an ancient musical instrument with 21-26 strings and a length of 1.63 meters. Peng 53 (fall) in love with it when young and has been practicing it for years. Hardly finding Chinese instruments 54 (play) on the streets in Paris, she took along her guzheng 55 began her street performances to sharpen her skills. The more she performed, the more she felt a greater sense of responsibility 56 (spread) Chinese music and culture.
Considering her audience’s 57 (unfamiliar) with Chinese songs, Peng made adaptations, for 58 she received positive responses. She also performed Western pop songs that local people could relate 59 , entertaining them with beautiful melodies in a 60 (refresh) style.
7
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As one of the major schools of opera in China, the Sichuan Opera has a long history. It 61 (date) back to the end of the Ming Dynasty, 62 there were several different forms of popular theatre in the Sichuan area which gradually developed and combined to emerge as the present Sichuan Opera.
Today’s Sichuan opera is a 63 (relative) recent combination of 5 historic theatre styles. It is characterized by solo singing, skillful acting and incredibly funny 64 (comedy). Performers wear brightly colored costumes 65 move to quick and dramatic music. They move their heads up and down or back and forth in an instant, 66 (change) the thin painted masks over their faces. Their movement is so quick and frequent that you will be left amazed at how they could control the masks so skillfully.
67 (attract) the audience, Sichuan Opera uses vivid, humorous narration, singing, and actions. Its 68 (perform) is always full of wit, humor, lively dialogues, and 69 (pronounce) local flavors.
Most Sichuan Opera repertoires (轮演剧目) are adapted from the Chinese classical novels, mythologies, legends, and folk tales. Statistics show that 70 total number of Sichuan Opera plays is over 2,000.
8
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The core value of Chinese traditional culture is the concept of harmony. Harmony is, in fact, a complete cultural system that consists of not only 71 (value) but also a philosophy with its own world outlook. Harmony means “proper and balanced cooperation between things”.
72 harmony at the heart, traditional Chinese principles suggest that there is a built-in dynamic in the universe that turns imbalance into balance. This concept, deeply 73 (mix) into the history of Chinese society, advocates for a balanced and 74 (peace) coexistence within the individual, between people, and between humanity and nature.
At the centre of Chinese cultural harmony is the belief in the interconnectedness of all things. It 75 (reflect) in various aspects of Chinese life, from the emphasis on family unity and social bond 76 the practice of traditional arts and the governance of the state.
The significance of harmony in Chinese culture cannot be overstated. It has shaped China’s approach to international relations, 77 (highlight) harmonious coexistence and shared benefit. In taking care of the environment, 78 inspires efforts to live according to natural cycles and to respect all forms of life. Moreover, the concept of harmony, 79 has enabled China to maintain social stability and cultural consistency despite the challenges of history, offers a model for settling conflicts and promoting a sense of community and belonging. As the world becomes 80 (steady) interconnected, the principles of Chinese cultural harmony offer valuable insights for creating a more balanced and sustainable global society.
9
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(一个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Year of the Dragon comes with inspiration for creativity and the power to bring big ideas 81 life.
Designer Wang Zijian’s Dragon Out of Water, a creative tea infuser (泡茶器),shines on the wall at the exhibition of the winning works of the 2024 Global Zodiac Design Competition at the Beijing Overseas Cultural Exchange Center. 82 (it) cute dragon design and special function are bound to appeal to young consumers. “It’s 83 unique product, and we expect a positive response from young customers,” Wang told Beijing Review.
The item belongs to China Chic, or guochao, also 84 (know) as “national wave”, 85 refers to products of all sorts including traditional Chinese cultural elements. These products 86 (embrace) by the country’s younger generations in recent years. According to a report by Xinhua News Agency, Gen Z 87 (account) for 74 percent of consumers of China Chic goods in 2022, and the search volume of China Chic products has increased five times over the past decade.
As a young designer, Wang hopes 88 (capture) young consumers with his creative interpretation of dragons. “I’ve been 89 (thorough) studying the dragon’s historical connotations (言外之意) and the 90 (psychology) characteristics of Gen Z consumers,” the 34-year-old designer told Beijing Review.
10
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
An unexpected Chinese presence, the Chinese steamed buns (馒头), known as mantou in Chinese, made an appearance at La Fête du pain, the annual bread festival held in front of the Notre Dames (圣母院), Paris, from May 7 to May 16.
On May 9, a Chinese netizen who attended the bread festival, posted a video on Douyin. In the video, a line of mantou 91 (place) among the array of baked food on display.
In no time, “Chinese Steamed Buns Compete at the French Bread Festival” became 92 trending topic on the internet. Some netizens expressed surprise, saying, “The steamed buns 93 we see every day at the dinner table have turned around and gone to France to participate in an international 94 (compete).”
Mantou can be enjoyed in various ways. When freshly 95 (steam), it is a delight on its own. 96 (alternative), it can be roasted, skewered, and grilled to golden brown, and 97 (it) flavor can be enhanced with aromatic spices like cumin and chili powder.
According to the video, the label called it mantao, and described it 98 : “Made with wheat flour, yeast and then steamed. The mantao has a smooth surface and a dense crumb. In the southern 99 (region) of the country, sugar and fat are added. As a staple food, it comes in a variety of shapes, with the most common ones 100 (be) round, leaf, flower.”
参考答案
1
1. the 2. of 3. was carried 4. which 5. protection 6. its 7. giving 8. and 9. actively 10. to increase
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在中国四个省份和八个城市试行的中国民间文艺版权保护项目。
1. 考查冠词。句意:全国共有12个地区被要求作为国家民间文化版权创新、保护和发展试点。空格处用定冠词特指民间文化版权,故填the。
2. 考查介词。句意:试点范围包括江苏、四川等4个省,以及潍坊、黄山等8个城市。consist of是固定短语,意为“由……组成”。故填of。
3. 考查时态,语态和主谓一致。句意:该项目是去年在江西景德镇举行的国际版权论坛期间开展的。这个项目是被开展,句子用被动语态,由during last year’s International Copyright Forum可知,时态用一般过去时,因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态,主语program是单数,因此空格处是was carried。故填was carried。
4. 考查定语从句。句意:该项目是去年在江西景德镇举行的国际版权论坛期间开展的。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,先行词last year’s International Copyright Forum是一次论坛,因此空格处用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。
5. 考查名词。句意:民俗是中华文明的重要财富,因此加强民间文化的保护、弘扬和传播是十分必要的。空格处用名词作宾语,protect的名词是protection,意为“保护”,是不可数名词。故填protection。
6. 考查物主代词。句意:这一举措不仅是促进传统文化创造性转化的要求,也是增强国家文化软实力、提高文化自信和自我成长的关键途径。it和cultural self-confidence and self-growth之间是所属关系,因此空格处用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
7. 考查状语从句的省略。句意:试点地区在充分发挥当地民俗资源优势,明确全国民俗现状的同时,将增强公众对民间文化版权保护的意识,促进版权的创新、应用、管理和服务。give play to充分发挥,固定短语。while引导的时间状语从句表示“当试点地区在充分发挥当地民俗资源优势,明确全国民俗现状的时候”,句子用现在进行时,主语the pilot areas是复数,因此while引导的从句是while the pilot areas are giving full play to advantages of local folk resources and clarifying the current situation of the country’s folk customs,从句主语和主句主语一致,且从句中有be动词时,可省略从句中的主语和be动词,因此空格处用giving。故填giving。
8. 考查连词。句意:试点地区在充分发挥当地民俗资源优势,明确全国民俗现状的同时,将增强公众对民间文化版权保护的意识,促进版权的创新、应用、管理和服务。“enhance public awareness of protecting the copyright of folk cultures”和“promote copyright innovation, application, management and services”之间是并列关系,句子是肯定句,因此空格处用and表并列。故填and。
9. 考查副词。句意:在开幕式上,中共中央宣传部副部长张建春呼吁加大力度,全面推进高质量发展,积极鼓励版权创新。空格处用副词actively修饰动词encourage,actively意为“积极地”。故填actively。
10. 考查不定式。句意:他说:“版权保护是一种保障,所以我们愿意加强与世界各国的交流与合作。”would like to do sth.是固定短语,意为“想做某事”,因此空格处用不定式to increase。故填to increase。
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11. recorded 12. that 13. as 14. differs pletely 16. using 17. where 18. creativity 19. philosophies 20. To achieve
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章详细介绍了中国家具的悠久历史、制作材料、手工艺、榫卯结构的特点以及与中国古代哲学的关联。
11. 考查非谓语动词。句意:中国有近5000年的历史记载。分析句子成分可知,空处为定语修饰空后的名词“history”,动词record和名词history之间是被动关系,应该用过去分词。故填recorded。
12. 考查代词。句意:然而,中国家具的历史甚至比它的文字还要悠久,它可以追溯到7000多年前的河姆渡文化。代词代指上文出现的“the history”,有后置定语,用代词“that”代指。故填that。
13. 考查介词。句意:明清时期的家具多为手工制作,以优质硬木为原料,如今这种木材已十分稀少,价格昂贵。介词的用法,意为“作为、以……为”,用介词“as”。故填as。
14. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:一般人常用的木材有松木、榆树、山毛榉等,但这些木材的质量差别很大。这里为本句谓语动词,根据上文时态可知,本句时态为一般现在时;主语为“the quality”,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填differs。
15. 考查副词。句意:古典家具大多是手工制作的。现代机器不能完全取代手工。分析句子成分可知,空处为副词形式修饰动词。故填completely。
16. 考查非谓语动词。句意:在中国古代,只使用木材就可以将木块组合在一起,这是所有木匠的基本技能。非谓语动词担当状语,表示主动关系,用现在分词形式。故填using。
17. 考查定语从句。句意:它最初是在7000多年前祖先居住的河姆渡遗址的木结构中发现的。这里为定语从句的关系词,先行词为“the Hemudu site”,在定语从句中担当地点状语,用关系副词where引导。故填where。
18. 考查名词。句意:它代表了中国工匠的聪明才智和艺术卓越性。分析句子成分可知,空处为名词形式担当宾语。故填creativity。
19. 考查名词的数。句意:此外,中国传统家具深受古代哲学思想的影响。根据句意和空格后的have可知,空处为名词的复数形式担当主语。故填philosophies。
20. 考查非谓语动词。句意:为了做到这一点,熟练的木匠正确地匹配了家具的曲线和直线。非谓语动词担当目的状语,用动词不定式形式;出现在句首,首字母大写。故填To achieve。
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21. incredibly 22. longing 23. To engage 24. where 25. scenic 26. exploration 27. an 28. but 29. to/with 30. were occupied
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章描述了作者在江苏省苏州和南京这两座城市的旅行体验,展示了这两座城市如何在创新与保护传统之间找到独特的平衡。
21. 考查副词。句意:我非常幸运地穿越了苏州和南京,这两个城市都让我着迷于它们真正令人印象深刻的地方,并渴望进一步探索。修饰形容词fortunate应用副词。故填incredibly。
22. 考查非谓语动词。句意:我非常幸运地穿越了苏州和南京,这两个城市都让我着迷于它们真正令人印象深刻的地方,并渴望进一步探索。动词left后接复合宾语,动词long和宾语me之间是主动关系,应用其现在分词作宾语补足语。故填longing。
23. 考查非谓语动词。句意:为了融入当地的工业氛围,我选择了一家位于“工业园区”的酒店,在这里,先进的制造业与自然美景的共存最为明显,因为它坐落在风景秀丽的湖边,周围环绕着充满活力的景观。根据句意可知,此处应用动词不定式作目的状语,表示“为了”。句首字母大写,故填To engage。
24. 考查定语从句。句意:为了融入当地的工业氛围,我选择了一家位于“工业园区”的酒店,在这里,先进的制造业与自然美景的共存最为明显,因为它坐落在风景秀丽的湖边,周围环绕着充满活力的景观。分析可知,此处引导限制性定语从句,先行词为the“industrial park”,根据句意,应用关系副词where引导从句,作地点状语。故填where。
25. 考查形容词。句意:为了融入当地的工业氛围,我选择了一家位于“工业园区”的酒店,在这里,先进的制造业与自然美景的共存最为明显,因为它坐落在风景秀丽的湖边,周围环绕着充满活力的景观。根据空后的名词“lake”可知,此处要用形容词作定语,故用scene的形容词scenic,风景优美的。故填scenic。
26. 考查名词。句意:当我大胆探索进入城市中心时,老城区古老的水道带领我探索历史,古典花园让我得以一瞥历史悠久的过去。根据前文on an可知,此处应用其名词单数作介词宾语。故填exploration。
27. 考查冠词。句意:然而,真正让我惊讶的是苏州人所代表的“苏州活力”,他们对这座城市悠久的历史有着极大的尊重,对未来有着创新的眼光。后文名词eye为单数可数名词,泛指概念,应用不定冠词限定。所连接单词innovative发音以元音开头,故填an。
28. 考查连词。句意:事实上,这种对过去的深深尊重的现代化思维不仅是苏州独有的,也是南京的一个指示性因素。not…but“不仅……还”是固定搭配。故填but。
29. 考查介词。句意:高层建筑装饰着城市的天际线,与以前被人类占据的古老社区、寺庙和建筑形成鲜明的对比。contrast to/with“与……形成鲜明对比”是固定搭配,故填to/with。
30. 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:高层建筑装饰着城市的天际线,与以前被人类占据的古老社区、寺庙和建筑形成鲜明的对比。动词occupy和主语之间是被动关系,根据句意可知,此处描述过去发生的事情,用一般过去时的被动语态。定语从句中主语that指代先行词the ancient neighborhoods, temples, and buildings,是复数,主谓一致,故填were occupied。
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31. most 32. which 33. was seen 34. on/upon 35. different 36. involves 37. growth 38. the 39. surprised 40. to make
【解析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍中国的大芬村,被认为是世界上每年创作油画最多的地方。
31. 考查形容词最高级。句意:中国的大芬村曾经被认为每年生产世界上最多的油画。根据 in the world 可知此处用最高级形式,much 的最高级是most。故填most。
32. 考查定语从句。句意:大芬村被公认为“世界艺术工厂”,它的众多工作室给游客留下了深刻印象,在这些工作室里,画家们临摹梵高、莫奈和沃霍尔的杰作。分析句子结构,这是一个包含定语从句的复合句,先行词是workshops,在定语从句中作介词in的宾语,所以用which 引导。故填which。
33. 考查被动语态。句意:但这个村庄更多地被视为一条生产线,而不是一个文化场所。句子主语the village与see之间是被动关系,且根据语境可知是一般过去时,所以用一般过去时的被动语态,主语是第三人称单数,故填was seen。
34. 考查介词。句意:如今,大芬村的未来可能取决于它是否能够赢得艺术界的尊重。depend on/upon为固定短语,表示“取决于”,故填 on/upon。
35. 考查形容词。句意:随着来自国内市场的需求增加,艺术家们开始画不同的主题。修饰名词subjects用形容词,故填different。
36. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:他学习了涉及表现自然景观的山水画艺术。句子描述客观事实,用一般现在时,定语从句的引导词which在从句中做主语,指代the art of Shan Shui,是单数,所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,故填involves。
37. 考查名词。句意:随着出口在国内生产总值中所占份额开始下降,国内需求在推动增长方面发挥着更大的作用。动词drive后接名词作宾语,表抽象意义,不可数,故填growth。
38. 考查冠词。句意:据说在过去受疫情影响的两年里,对他们画作的需求已经下降。in the past two pandemic-stricken years表示“在过去受疫情影响的两年里”,特指过去受疫情影响的两年,使用定冠词,故填the。
39. 考查形容词。句意:“很多人可能会惊讶于大芬村仍然存在,”在上海报道艺术的作家丽莎·莫维斯说。分析句子结构,空白处在句子中做表语,表示“感到惊讶的”,修饰人应使用v-ed形式的形容词,故填surprised。
40. 考查非谓语动词。句意:为了适应这种变化,也许大芬村是时候做出改变了。it is time for sb. to do sth为固定句式,表示“是某人做某事的时候了”,it为形式主语,动词不定式在句子中做真正的主语,故填to make。
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41. accepted 42. who 43. the 44. mixed 45. happiness 46. until/till/and 47. creating 48. against/on 49. To keep 50. were saved
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了女娲造人和女娲补天的故事。
41. 考查形容词。句意:一个更普遍接受的传说是,人类是由一位名叫女娲的女神创造的,她有一个人的头,但有一个蛇的身体。修饰名词legend应用形容词accepted,作定语。故填accepted。
42. 考查定语从句。句意:一个更普遍接受的传说是,人类是由一位名叫女娲的女神创造的,她有一个人的头,但有一个蛇的身体。定语从句修饰先行词Nüwa,关系词在从句作主语,指人,故填who。
43. 考查冠词。句意:当她在地球上旅行时,女娲开始感到孤独。短语the earth表示“地球”。故填the。
44. 考查时态。句意:于是她拿了一些黄土,把它和水混合,形成了一个人。此处作谓语,根据上文took可知为一般过去时。故填mixed。
45. 考查名词。句意:这个新来的人立刻高兴地跳起舞来,大喊大叫。作介词的宾语,应用名词happiness,不可数。故填happiness。
46. 考查状语从句或连词。句意:女娲很高兴,所以她继续塑造其他人,直到世界上充满了人类。此处可表示“直到”应用until或till引导时间状语,或用连词and,连接并列句。故填until/till/and。
47. 考查非谓语动词。句意:后来,水神共工和火神祝融大吵了一架,把天地弄得一团糟。此处create与上文构成主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。故填creating。
48. 考查介词。句意:他气得头撞在了不周山上。短语hit against/on表示“撞击”。故填against/on。
49. 考查非谓语动词。句意:为了不让天塌下来,她在每个角都放了一只乌龟的腿来支撑天。空格处作目的状语,应用不定式,首字母大写。故填To keep。
50. 考查时态语态。句意:就这样,人类得救了。主语humans与谓语构成被动关系,且发生在过去用一般过去时的被动语态,谓语用复数。故填were saved。
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51. original 52. setting 53. fell 54. were played/played 55. and 56. to spread 57. unfamiliarity 58. which 59. to 60. refreshing
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了彭静璇在法国的巴黎街头穿着汉服,坐在古筝前弹奏。她已经在网上分享了200多个原创视频,其中最受欢迎的一个是电影《倩女幽魂》的主题曲,观看次数超过1661万次。
51. 考查形容词。句意:彭静璇在网上分享了200多个原创视频,其中最受欢迎的一个是电影《倩女幽魂》的主题曲,观看次数超过1661万次。修饰名词videos需用形容词original,作定语。故填original。
52. 考查名词。句意:我喜欢她在一个人们不熟悉的环境中展现自己的文化的方式。不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词,空处需填名词setting。故填setting。
53. 考查动词时态。句意:彭在年轻的时候就爱上了它,并且已经练习了很多年。根据“when young”可知,此处陈述过去发生的事情,使用一般过去时。故填fell。
54. 考查动词时态语态或非谓语动词。句意:在巴黎街头几乎找不到演奏中国乐器的人,她带着她的古筝开始了她的街头表演,以提高她的技能。Finding后面可以处理为省略了that的宾语从句,缺少谓语动词,Chinese instruments和play为被动关系,需用被动语态,结合“took”可知,此处为一般过去时,主语为复数名词,be动词用were;也可以将空处处理为非谓语动词作宾语补足语,Chinese instruments和play为逻辑动宾关系,需用过去分词形式。故填(were)played。
55. 考查连词。句意同上。took along her guzheng和began her street performances为并列关系,需用连词and连接。故填and。
56. 考查非谓语动词。句意:演出越多,她就越觉得有责任传播中国音乐和文化。空处修饰名词responsibility,需用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to spread。
57. 考查名词。句意:考虑到听众对中文歌曲的不熟悉,彭改编了一些歌曲,并获得了积极的反响。audience’s为名词所有格,修饰名词,空处需填名词unfamiliarity作宾语。故填unfamiliarity。
58. 考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是adaptations(改编),指物,关系词在在定语从句中作for的宾语,需用关系代词which引导。故填which。
59. 考查介词。句意:她还演唱了当地人感兴趣的西方流行歌曲,用优美的旋律和清新的风格娱乐他们。relate to为固定搭配,意为“与……有关”。故填to。
60. 考查形容词。句意同上。修饰名词style需用形容词refreshing,作定语。故填refreshing。
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61. dates 62. when 63. relatively edies 65. and 66. changing 67. To attract 68. performance 69. pronounced 70. the
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了川剧的历史以及发展情况。
61. 考查时态。句意:它可以追溯到明末,当时四川地区有几种不同形式的流行戏剧,它们逐渐发展并结合在一起,形成了现在的川剧。陈述事实用一般现在时,主语为It,谓语用三单形式,dates back to追溯到故填dates。
62. 考查定语从句。句意:它可以追溯到明末,当时四川地区有几种不同形式的流行戏剧,它们逐渐发展并结合在一起,形成了现在的川剧。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Ming Dynasty,在从句作时间状语,用when。故填when。
63. 考查副词。句意:今天的川剧是五种历史剧种相对较新的结合。修饰形容词recent应用副词relatively,故填relatively。
64. 考查名词的数。句意:它的特点是独唱,熟练的表演和令人难以置信的滑稽喜剧。结合语境可知comedy数量大于一应用复数形式。故填comedies。
65. 考查连词。句意:表演者穿着色彩鲜艳的服装,随着轻快而戏剧性的音乐起舞。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系,应用连词and。故填and。
66. 考查非谓语动词。句意:他们的头在瞬间上下或前后移动,改变了他们脸上薄薄的彩绘面具。此处change与They为主动关系,用现在分词作状语。故填changing。
67. 考查非谓语动词。句意:为了吸引观众,川剧采用生动幽默的叙述、演唱和动作。此处attract在句中作目的状语,应用不定式,首字母大写。故填To attract。
68. 考查名词。句意:它的表演总是充满机智、幽默、生动的对话和明显的地方风味。作主语,结合后文is可知应用单数名词performance。故填performance。
69. 考查形容词。句意:它的表演总是充满机智、幽默、生动的对话和明显的地方风味。修饰后文名词flavors应用形容词pronounced。故填pronounced。
70. 考查冠词。句意:据统计,川剧剧目总数超过2000部。表示“总数”短语为the total number of。故填the。
8
71. values 72. With 73. mixed 74. peaceful 75. is reflected 76. to 77. highlighting 78. it 79. which 80. steadily
【解析】本文是一篇说明文,主要探讨了中国传统文化中“和谐”这一核心价值理念的重要性及其在各个方面的体现。
71. 考查名词的复数。句意:和谐实际上是一个完整的文化体系,它不仅包括价值观,而且包括一种具有自己世界观的哲学。value是可数名词,不止一种,因此空格处用复数,故填values。
72. 考查介词。句意:以和谐为核心,中国传统的原则认为,宇宙中有一种内在的动力,可以把不平衡变成平衡。根据语境可知,句子表示“以和谐为核心,中国传统的原则认为,宇宙中有一种内在的动力,可以把不平衡变成平衡”,空格处意为“有”,用介词with,位于句首,首字母大写,故填With。
73. 考查非谓语动词。句意:这一理念深深融入了中国社会的历史,倡导个体内部、人与人之间、人与自然之间的平衡与和平共处。句中谓语是advocates,空格处用非谓语动词,concept和mix之间是逻辑动宾关系,因此空格处用过去分词表被动,故填mixed。
74. 考查形容词。句意:这一理念深深融入了中国社会的历史,倡导个体内部、人与人之间、人与自然之间的平衡与和平共处。空格处用形容词作定语,修饰名词coexistence,peace的形容词是peaceful,意为“和平的”,故填peaceful。
75. 考查时态,语态和主谓一致。句意:它反映在中国人生活的各个方面,从强调家庭团结和社会纽带到传统艺术的实践和国家的治理。It和reflect之间是逻辑动宾关系,句子用被动语态,句子描述客观事实,时态用一般现在时,因此空格处是一般现在时的被动语态,主语It是单数,因此空格处是is reflected。故填is reflected。
76. 考查介词。句意:它反映在中国人生活的各个方面,从强调家庭团结和社会纽带到传统艺术的实践和国家的治理。from...to...是固定搭配,意为“从……到……”,因此空格处是介词to,故填to。
77. 考查非谓语动词。句意:它塑造了中国的国际关系理念,强调和谐共处、共享共赢。句中谓语是has shaped,空格处用非谓语动词,It和highlight之间是主谓关系,因此空格处用现在分词表主动,故填highlighting。
78. 考查代词。句意:在保护环境方面,它激励人们努力按照自然周期生活,尊重所有形式的生命。根据语境可知,句子表示“在保护环境方面,它激励人们努力按照自然周期生活,尊重所有形式的生命”,空格处是“它”,用it,故填it。
79. 考查定语从句。句意:此外,和谐的概念使中国能够在历史的挑战中保持社会稳定和文化的一致性,为解决冲突和促进社区意识和归属感提供了一个模式。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,先行词the concept of harmony是物,因此空格处用关系代词which,故填which。
80. 考查副词。句意:随着世界越来越紧密地联系在一起,中国文化和谐的原则为创造一个更加平衡和可持续的全球社会提供了宝贵的见解。空格处用副词steadily修饰动词becomes,steadily意为“固定地,牢固地”,故填steadily。
9
81. to/into 82. Its 83. a 84. known 85. which 86. have been embraced 87. accounted 88. to capture 89. thoroughly 90. psychological
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在北京海外文化交流中心举办的2024年全球生肖设计大赛获奖作品展览上,设计师王子健设计的创意茶壶“龙出水”在墙上熠熠生辉。
81. 考查介词。句意:龙年带来创造力的灵感和将伟大想法付诸实践的力量。短语bring…to/into life表示“把……付诸实践”。故填to/into。
82. 考查代词。句意:它可爱的龙的设计和特殊的功能一定会吸引年轻的消费者。修饰名词dragon design应用形容词性物主代词its,首字母大写。故填Its。
83. 考查冠词。句意:王在接受《北京评论》采访时表示:“这是一款独特的产品,我们希望能得到年轻顾客的积极回应。”此处product为泛指,且unique是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
84. 考查非谓语动词。句意:这件物品属于“中国潮”,也被称为“国潮”,指的是包括中国传统文化元素在内的各种产品。短语(be) known as表示“被称为”。故填known。
85. 考查定语从句。句意:这件物品属于“中国潮”,也被称为“国潮”,指的是包括中国传统文化元素在内的各种产品。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词China Chic,在从句作主语,指物,故填which。
86. 考查时态语态。句意:近年来,这些产品受到了该国年轻一代的欢迎。主语products与谓语构成被动关系,根据后文in recent years可知为现在完成时的被动语态,助动词用have。故填have been embraced。
87. 考查时态。句意:据新华社报道,2022年,Z世代占中国时尚产品消费者的74%,中国时尚产品的搜索量在过去十年中增长了五倍。根据后文in 2022可知为一般过去时。故填accounted。
88. 考查非谓语动词。句意:作为一名年轻的设计师,王希望通过他对龙的创造性诠释来吸引年轻的消费者。短语hope to do sth.表示“希望做某事”。故填to capture。
89. 考查副词。句意:“我一直在深入研究龙的历史内涵和Z世代消费者的心理特征,”这位34岁的设计师在接受《北京评论》采访时表示。修饰动词study应用副词thoroughly,故填thoroughly。
90. 考查形容词。句意:“我一直在深入研究龙的历史内涵和Z世代消费者的心理特征,”这位34岁的设计师在接受《北京评论》采访时表示。修饰名词characteristics应用形容词psychological,作定语。故填psychological。
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91. was placed 92. a 93. that/which petition 95. steamed 96. Alternatively 97. its 98. as 99. regions 100. being
【解析】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了中国的馒头出现在巴黎圣母院前举行的一年一度的面包节上。这成为互联网上的热门话题。
91. 考查时态和语态。句意:在视频中,一排馒头摆放在陈列的烘焙食品中。此处用作句子的谓语部分,主语mantou和动词place之间是被动关系,应使用被动语态,此处陈述的是过去的事情,应使用一般过去时,mantou属于物质类,是不可数名词,助动词be应使用单数形式。故填was placed。
92. 考查冠词。句意:很快,“中国馒头在法国面包节上竞争”成为互联网上的热门话题。此处缺少冠词,表示“一个热门话题”是泛指,需用不定冠词,空格后的单词trending开头发音是辅音,应使用不定冠词a。故填a。
93. 考查冠词。句意:我们每天在餐桌上看到的馒头已经转身去法国参加国际比赛了。此处是定语从句引导词,先行词是The steamed buns,定语从句缺少宾语,可以使用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。
94. 考查名词。句意:同上。此处缺少名词用作介词in的宾语,前面有不定冠词an限定,应使用单数形式。故填competition。
95. 考查省略句。句意:刚蒸好的时候,它本身就是一种享受。此处为状语从句的省略:当状语从句中含有“主语+be动词+动词的现在分词/过去分词”,且其主语与主句的主语一致时,从句的“主语+be动词”可以省略。本句完整的时间状语从句为When it is freshly steamed,省略it is。故填steamed。
96. 考查副词。句意:或者,它可以被烤、串起来、烤成金黄色,它的味道可以用孜然和辣椒粉等芳香香料来增强。此处用作句子的状语,表示“或者”,需用副词alternatively,位于句首首字母大写。故填Alternatively。
97. 考查代词。句意:同上。此处需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词flavor,表示“它的”。故填its。
98. 考查介词。句意:根据视频,标签称其为mantao,并将其描述为:“用小麦面粉、酵母制成,然后蒸熟”。此处缺少介词as,构成固定短语describe…as,表示“把……描述成……”。故填as。
99. 考查名词复数形式。句意:在该国的南部地区,添加糖和脂肪。此处用作介词in的宾语,region是可数名词,根据句意应使用复数形式。故填regions。
100. 考查非谓语动词。句意:作为一种主食,它有各种各样的形状,最常见的是圆形、叶形、花形。此处be用作复合结构的宾语补足语,和宾语ones是逻辑上的主动关系,应使用现在分词。故填being。(共25张PPT)
语法填空之无提示词
【考点分析】
考点1 冠词 名词之前,尤泛指“一”用a/an,特指用the
考点2 介词 当空格后的名词在句中不作主语、表语或动词宾语时填介词;关注介词的固定用法和习惯搭配等
考点3 代词 代词主要考查人称代词、不定代词、反身代词、形容词性物主代词。另外,it也是考查的重点,主要指代上文事物,或作形式主语和形式宾语
【真题示例】
【典例示例】 (2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)
Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look.Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach...the animals
Since June 2017, right before the 56.__________(arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and 57.__________(confidence) speaking English.And who do they speak English 58.__________
Not the pandas, even though 59.__________ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English.They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 60.__________(visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.They also need to be ready to give 61.__________(interview) in English with international journalists.This is 62.__________ they need an English trainer.
So, what are they learning 63.__________(basic), how to describe a panda’s life.It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop 64.__________ to see the pandas settle into their new home.As a little girl, I 65.__________(wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up.Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English.
【解题思维】
第一步 通读全文,明确主旨大意。
本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者在柏林动物园教英语。
第二步 分析句子和句际关系,确定题型和考点。
题号 56 57 58 59 60
提示 有 有 无 无 有
考点 名词 形容词 介词 冠词 非谓语
题号 61 62 63 64 65
提示 有 无 有 无 有
考点 名词复数 连接副词 副词 连词 动词时态
第三步 从词法、句法和语法入手,确定词汇和词形。
序号 技巧 解题方法演示 答案
56 词形 变化 空前是冠词,空后是介词,所以空处应填名词作介词before的宾语,arrive的名词形式是arrival,为不可数名词 _______
57 修饰 关系 空处和前文的comfortable并列,作并列表语,应用形容词形式,confidence的形容词形式是confident _________
58 固定 搭配 根据句意此处强调双向交流,应用固定搭配:speak with sb.意为“与某人交谈” _____
59 习惯 搭配 此处特指用于医学训练指导使用的语言,表特指,应用定冠词修饰 ____
60 动词 用法 空后是名词,所以空处作定语,visit与被修饰词Chinese zookeepers是主动关系 _______
arrival
confident
with
the
visiting
序号 技巧 解题方法演示 答案
61 语境 意义 空前是动词,所以空处应填名词作宾语,interview意为“采访”,为可数名词,不止一段采访,应用复数形式 __________
62 逻辑 关系 空处引导表语从句,从句结构完整,应该用连接副词连接,前文提到需要培训师的原因,此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因”之意,应用why引导表语从句 _____
63 修饰 关系 空处修饰空后整个句子,应该用副词修饰,basic的副词形式是basically,位于句首,首字母应大写 _________
64 逻辑 关系 “to watch the panda programme develop”和“to see the pandas settle into their new home”两者是并列关系,应该用and连接 ____
65 时态 意义 本句缺少谓语动词,所以wish作本句谓语,和主语I之间是主动关系,根据后文的grew可知用一般过去时 _______
interviews
why
Basically
and
wished
【考场技法】
技法1 当空格需要填冠词时
(1)明晰冠词的解题思路
(2)牢记含有冠词的常用固定搭配
①含有不定冠词的固定搭配
have a look 看一下
take a bath/walk/rest 冲凉/散步/休息
as a matter of fact 事实上
all of a sudden 突然
②含有定冠词的固定搭配
on the whole 总体上
all the way 一直
in the end 最后
技法2 当空格需要填介词时
当名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时,其前面一般填介词。通常考查介词与动词、名词、形容词的搭配。
(1)表示时间和方位的介词
类别 介词 用法
表示 时间 at,in,on ①at表示时间点;②in表示时间段,与表示较长一段时间的词搭配;③on表示在特定的日子、具体的日期、星期几、具体的某一天或某些节日;也可表示在具体的某一天的上午、下午或晚上
in,after 两者后均可接时间段,表示“在……之后”,但“in+时间段”常与将来时连用,“after+时间段”常与过去时连用
类别 介词 用法
表示 时间 for,since, from ①“for+时间段”表示某种行为或状态持续了一段时间;②“since+时间点”强调自过去某时延续至今的一段时间;③“from+时间点”表示行为或状态的起始点
before,by before与by都可表示“在……之前”,但by表示“不迟于某时”,包括某时在内
表示 方位 on,above,over ①on指在某物的表面上,其反义词是beneath;②above指离开物体表面而在其上方,不一定是垂直向上,其反义词是below;
③over指离开物体表面而在其正上方,其反义词是under,over还可以表示“越过……”
类别 介词 用法
表示 方位 across, through, past,over,along, by,beside ①across指从一平面上“横穿”或“在……对面”;②through指从人群或物体内部“穿过,贯穿”;③past表示动态的动作发生在某人/某物的旁边;④over表示从上方越过;⑤along表示“沿着”;⑥by与beside均表示“在……旁边”,by含有“凭靠”的意思,beside指两者位置关系
at,in,on ①at后接较小的地方或门牌号码;②in后接较大的地方;③on一般指与面或线接触
in,on,to,off ①in表示在某一范围之内;②on表示与某一地区“毗邻,接壤”;③to表示在某范围之外;④off表示“(时空上)离,距”
(2)其他介词
介词 用法
against 反对,违背,与……相反;触,碰撞;紧靠,倚靠;与……竞争,对阵;以……为背景
at ①用在表示某地点、场合、方位等的名词前;②用在表示时刻、钟点、期间、……岁、时节等的名词前;③以,按(价格、速度、数量等);④朝、向、对着某人/某物的方向
beyond (指程度)深于;(指范围)超出;(指可能性、理解力、能力等)非……可及;(时间)晚于
by (时间)不迟于,在……之前;常用于结构“by+the+单数名词”,表示“按……计算”;(表示程度、数量)相差;经过,经由;通过(某种方法、手段)
for (表示目的或功能)为了;(表示对象或用途)给,对;(表示原因)因为,由于;(表示时间、距离、数量)达,计;支持,赞成;至于,关于;就……而言;(表示去向)往,向;(表示陈述或问题的对象)对于
介词 用法
in (表示地点、场所、位置等)在……里面;在……内;(表示时间)在……期间;在(一段时间)以内;
(表示某人或某物的状态、情况)处于……中;关于;在……方面
on (表示接触或由某一表面支撑着)在……上;(表示时间)在……时候;关于,有关;借助于,通过……,以……方式
with 和……一起,和,同,跟;(伴)随着;具有,带有;由于,因为;(表示方式)用
(3)牢记常考介词构成的短语
①at+名词
at a loss 不知所措 at dinner 在吃晚餐
at peace 处于和平状态 at dawn 在黎明
at war 在战争中 at work 在工作
②by+名词
by accident 偶然地 by chance 偶然地
by force 用暴力 by hand 手工地
by mistake 错误地 by the month 按月算
③beyond+名词
beyond comparison 无与伦比
beyond control 失控
beyond description 难以描述
beyond doubt 毋庸置疑
beyond expression 难以表达
beyond (one’s)reach 够不到
④in十名词
in bed 在床上
in danger 处于危险中
in debt 负债
in difficulty 处境困难
in high spirits 情绪高昂
in need 在危难中;在穷困中
in order 整齐;井然有序
in surprise 吃惊地
in trouble 在困难中
in use 使用中
⑤on+名词
on a trip 在旅行 on business 在出差
on display/show 在展出
on duty 在值班
on holiday/vacation 在度假
on sale 在出售 on strike 在罢工
on the way 在途中
⑥其他高频介词短语
against time 争分夺秒
at the sight of 一看到……
at the age of 在……岁时
in the face of 面对;面临
in addition (to) 另外;除了
in case of 万一 in charge of 负责;主管
in favour of 赞成;支持 in need of 需要
in no time 立刻 in a hurry 匆忙
in preparation for 为……做准备
in return for 作为回报
on behalf of 代表
技法3 当空格需要填代词时
当句中缺少主语或宾语时,一般要填代词,主要包括不定代词和it。
(1)熟记不定代词的区别
the other 指两者中的另一个,表示特指
other 表示泛指,意为“另外的,其他的”,修饰可数名词复数
others 泛指“其他人”或“其他物”,常用结构:some... others...
the others 表示特定范围中的“另外的全部”
another 泛指同类的人或物,指三者或三者以上的另一个,可单独使用或在其后加可数名词单数
one 指代前面出现过的那类事物中的 “一个”,其复数形式是 ones
that 指代上文出现的单数名词或不可数名词
those 指代上文出现的复数名词
(2)牢记代词it的常考用法
①指代天气、时间、距离等
②代替上文提到过的事物
③代替性别不明的婴儿、动物或不确定的某个人
④代替不定式、动名词或从句作形式主语或形式宾语
a.it作形式主语:
·It+be+adj. +of/for sb. to do sth.
·It is no good/no use/useless/a waste of time doing sth.
·It is a pity/a fact/no wonder/adj. +that...
·It seems/appears/turns out+that...
·It is said/reported/believed... +that...
·It takes sb. some time/money to do sth.
b.it作形式宾语:
·主语+think/believe/suppose/consider/make/keep... +it+补语+to do sth. /that...
·主语+like/hate/love/appreciate... +it+从句
⑤it的常用固定句型
·It is/was+被强调成分+that/who+其他.