七选五之段中句
【考点分析】
考点1 并列关系 表示句子或词语之间具有的一种相互关联,或是同时并举,或是同时进行的关系。这种逻辑关系通常有表示并列或平行的并列连词,常见的主要有:and、also、first、second、third;for one thing、for another thing;some、others、still others,neither...nor...,either...or...,as well as, not only...but also...,but yet, still, while等。注意这些并列连词对分析行文中的逻辑关系非常重要,也有助于破解相关的题目
考点2 转折关系 主要指英语行文中后句对前句构成逆转逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的逆转,则空格处很有可能是个转折逻辑的句子
考点3 因果关系 主要指前后的句子有着原因和结果之间的关系,这种关系往往说明了前因后果或者前果后因等情况
考点4 递进关系 主要指英语行文中后句对前句是一种顺承逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的递进关系,则空格处很有可能是个递进的句子
【真题示例】
【考点1】并列关系
【典例示例】 (2023·全国甲卷·节选)
·Practice gratitude(感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.__37__.“Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.
A.Find your causes
B.Start with small tasks
C.Accept the uncomfortable
D.All this adds up to a state of hurry
E.It can also help us practice more patience
F.This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G.They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience
【解答策略】
·第一步 分析文章结构可知,本题考点为考查段中句。
·第二步 本文主要讲如何成为有耐心的人。根据小标题Practice gratitude可推知,表示感激也可以培养我们的耐心。空前文提到:感恩有很多好处:研究表明,它让我们更快乐,有更少压力,更乐观。空处应该进一步说明感激还可以培养耐心。
·第三步 根据考点和段落标题及段落语境可知,感恩也有助于我们有更强的自控力,也就是能够让我们练习更多的耐心。句中表示并列的连词also和上文构成逻辑上的并列关系。
试填答案:__E__
【考点2】转折关系
【典例示例】 (2021·浙江高考·节选)
“I often send postcards to family and friends.” he says to China Daily,“but you can imagine that after a while,you never receive as many as you send,and you realize that not everyone is into it.__32__ ”Seeking other like-minded souls,however,Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place:online.Many would say the Internet is a place for people who have given up on the traditional postal service, but Paulo’s hunch (直觉)paid off.
A.And that’s totally fine.
B.That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.
C.He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby.
D.Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.
E.On August 5,the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.
F.Similarly,if you speak only Chinese,receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.
G.In short,he loves postcards,and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away.
【解答策略】
·第一步 设空处前一句讲到“过了一段时间你会发现自己收到的明信片没有发出去的多”。
·第二步 设空处后一句讲到“然而, Paulo没有放弃自己的爱好, 而是采取了网络方式”。
·第三步 根据逻辑判断, 设空处应与其前一句构成转折关系, 意为“那完全不成问题”。
试填答案:__A__
【考点3】因果关系
【典例示例】 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选)
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. __36__ So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
A.Not all the customers are tourists.
B.The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C.There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E.That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F.Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G.The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
【解答策略】
·第一步 定位前句“My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.”意思是:我和我丈夫刚在巴黎待了一周,说明了背景。
·第二步 定位后句“So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard.”意思是:所以我们做的第一件事就是租了一个非常昂贵的公寓,在第六层,只有一个橱柜那么大。
·第三步 根据空后的句子中的So可知, 该句与设空处是因果关系。
试填答案:__F__
【考点4】递进关系
【典例示例】 (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选)
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list.__39__ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through.In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
A.A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B.Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C.They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D.It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E.It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F.Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G.Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
【解答策略】
·第一步 确定考点:通过对该题上下文语境的分析可知,本题考点为考查递进关系。
·第二步 语境分析:根据空前的You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list.的意思可知,你需要你的亲朋好友来帮你增加这篇写作的内容。空后的意思是:通过那种方式,关于让你变得特别的东西和你个人品质的闪光点方面,你们是可以交流意见的。
·第三步 根据考点和上下文的语境可知,他们可能也想尝试一下这种训练。
试填答案:__C__
【技巧归纳】
技巧1 根据并列关系确定答案
并列 关系 掌握特点:不管句内还是句间并列,都有相应的并列连词
技巧运用:找准并列连词,分析行文中的逻辑关系
技巧2 根据转折关系确定答案
转折 关系 掌握特点:指英语行文中后句对前句构成逆转逻辑关系
技巧运用:空格前后两句话之间如果是逻辑上的逆转,则空格处很有可能是个转折关系的句子
技巧3 根据因果关系确定答案
因果 关系 掌握特点:指前后的句子有着原因和结果之间的关系
技巧运用:是说明了前因后果还是前果后因等情况
技巧4 根据递进关系确定答案
递进 关系 掌握特点:后面的句子是对前面所述内容的进一步解释说明,即行文中后句对前句是一种顺承逻辑关系
技巧运用:空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的递进关系,则空格处很有可能是个递进的句子
【拓展演练】
1
College is an exciting milestone for a lot of most important steps you’ll need to take so you’ll be ready to take on higher learning!
College is an exciting milestone for a lot of people. 1 Luckily, we've rounded up the most important steps you'll need to take so you'll be ready to take on higher learning!
Decide on the degree program you want to pursue.
Choose a path that matches your interests. You’ll be most likely to succeed in college if you choose a major that you really like. 2 Then look at degree programs that will help you get a job in that field. You could also talk to people you know well, like your parents, advisor, or guidance counselor for advice.
3
Sign up for the basics when registration opens. Most colleges have the same entry-level courses for freshmen, regardless of what your major is. Sign in to the school’s registration website as soon as it opens to make sure you get the classes you want. Then use the course catalog (目录) to choose the electives that you want to take that semester.
Decide where you’re going to live.
Plan whether to live on or off campus. Living on campus will require you to pay for the accommodation expenses in the dormitory. However, some financial aid requires you to live on campus, and it can be cheaper to live in a dorm than to rent an apartment near the school. You’ll also have access to on-campus meals if you live in a dorm. 4
Study a map of campus.
Map out where each of your classes will be. College campuses typically cover a vast area — different departments are often housed in different buildings, not to mention dorms, administration buildings, the bookstore, and the food court. 5
A. Register for classes.
B. Check the course plan for each class.
C. But there’s a lot that goes into getting ready for that first day.
D. Plan visits to a few different colleges to really get a feel for them.
E. And you won’t have to factor in transportation to your college each day.
F. To avoid getting lost, it’s better to figure out the route for each class in advance.
G. Try taking interest assessments and skills assessments to get matched with careers.
2
When you are dissatisfied with your current situation, sometimes you doubt yourself. Maybe you reflect on yourself from time to time: What kind of person am I Have I become the person I want to be 6
Take a good look at yourself. When you do, you might realize that you aren’t what you want to be in life. 7 , but you shouldn’t stay stuck where you are anyway. Take ownership of the person you are and accept your unique mit yourself to personal improvement, whether it’s through learning new skills, developing new interests, or simply taking better care of yourself.
8 . You may feel disconnected from yourself as you are busy taking care of the needs of others in your life. Go back to the interests and activities you overlooked and reflect on your personal goals and achieve them. Schedule time on your calendar to reacquaint yourself with your passions. And remember to see how they influence you.
Make significant changes. When Gretchen Rubin, the former chief of the Yale Law Journal, realized her true dream was to become a writer, she quit her job. And, today, she is a best-selling author, with her website attracting 275,000 visitors per month. 9 . “One reason why people don’t find their true selves is that they aren’t willing to make changes,” said she.
Find support. In the journey of life, support is often what keeps us going. It helps us stay strong and move forward. Life coach, author and motivational speaker Tony Robbins has said, “ 10 .” Find a person who is willing to guide and support you as you start to switch things up in your life.
A. Make time for yourself
B. Set reasonable and influential goals
C. Who you surround yourself with is who you become
D. She suggests making some changes to find the true you
E. Not reaching the level you want in life may be discouraging
F. Here are some techniques that help you discover your true self
G. Self-reflection rarely helps make sense of your place in the world
3
The teenage years are a transformative period marked by great physical, psychological, and emotional changes. 11 They refer to the feelings that arise during interactions with others, such as gratitude, shame, sympathy, guilt, and pride.
Understanding and managing social emotions can help develop teenagers’ identities. Teenagers experience a wide range of emotions from social interactions, which significantly influences their self-understanding and social awareness. In the process, they learn to understand, and appropriately respond to both their own emotions and those of others. 12
In academic settings, social emotional competencies like self-regulation, motivation, and social awareness directly impact a teenager’s ability to learn, participate, and engage in school activities. 13 Teenagers with strong social emotional skills are better equipped to handle stress, resist peer pressure, and avoid risky behaviors, reducing the likelihood of developing mental health issues.
Learning social emotions involves a combination of personal experience, guidance, and formal education. 14 This environment influences teenagers’ earliest understanding of how to communicate and manage their emotions. They feel safe and supportive to express their emotions freely and learn to manage them without fear of judgment. Schools also play a significant role through social emotional learning programs that teach these skills in a structured munity involvement, extracurricular activities, and peer (同伴) interactions offer additional opportunities for teenagers to practice and refine their social emotional skills.
15 It contributes to a teenager’s ability to manage their own emotions, understand others’ emotions, and face social complexities. This learning is a cornerstone for shaping their identity, influencing their interpersonal relationships, academic success, mental health, and future life outcomes.
A. What exactly are social emotions
B. The journey into mature emotion is quite easy.
C. Social emotion learning for teenagers is essential.
D. Central to this phase is the concept of social emotions.
E. This helps shape their own personal principles and beliefs.
F. Families play a crucial role in modeling and developing these skills.
G. Moreover, social emotional skills are closely linked to mental health.
4
HOW TO OVERCOME A CREATIVE BLOCK
I’m sitting at my desk, staring at a blank document, hoping my fingers will start typing and a brilliant story will appear on my screen. Even though I feel fortunate to usually be full of ideas, I still face creative blocks times—when I feel uninspired.
16 .Different emotions may lead to creative blocks. One is the so-called “inner critic”, a voice we all have within when we are feeling anxious. There’s no room for mistakes when this is in charge, so we end up feeling frozen. 17 . As a way of people-pleasing, and avoiding conflict or a negative reaction from other people, it can produce negative self-talk. If we feel insecure, we may not feel safe to express ourselves through art or craft.
Fortunately, there are steps we can take to breakthrough these blocks.
Working with our inner critic
We work with our inner critic by teaching it more compassionate(有同情心的) ways of speaking to us. 18 .The best way to do this is to imagine whether you would say the same things you say about yourself to a love done. It’s unlikely that you’d say: “You’re not good enough, what a failure!” Then we can think of a kinder response such as: “You’ve learned so much from this, what do you think you’ll do differently next time you have ago ”
19
We can try other creative and mindful activities to help reduce anxiety, and boost yourself-esteem(自尊). It could be singing along to your favourite music, doing some weeding, going out for a walk in nature, taking photographs on a lunchtime stroll, or having interesting conversations with friends. Then you’ll feel ready to get your creativity on the go again.
Next time you’re feeling a creative block, remind yourself that it’s OK to just get something written, or painted, or crafted and that you don’t need to share it with anyone. It’s all about making a start. 20 .
A. Filling your creativity cup
B. Talking to someone you trust
C. We’d better be mindful of our loved ones
D. Perfectionism maybe another contributor
E. Creativity is like a muscle and gets easier once you get doing
F. Such a problem can be solved by understanding the causes of them
G. We must identify its comments as something separate from ourselves
5
Top Tips to Get You by in the US
Studying abroad as an international student is an exciting and life-changing experience, 21 . Here is a list of practical tips that can help you navigate this new chapter successfully.
Watch your money
22 . Understand your sources of income, including scholarships, part-time jobs, or financial support from-family. Then, make a complete list of anticipated expenses, including tuition, accommodation, food, transportation, and entertainment. This budget will be your financial road-map and help you avoid overspending.
Select a place to live
Choosing the right place to live is vital. University accommodations are often convenient but can be expensive. 23 . Both can be more cost-effective and offer a richer cultural experience. Be sure to research local housing laws, and thoroughly inspect any rental property before signing a lease.
Manage your time
Balancing academics, part-time work, and personal time can be challenging. Create a schedule that prioritizes your coursework but also allows for leisure and exploration. 24 .
Be open-minded and resilient (坚韧的)
Living independently in a foreign country can be challenging, 25 . Be open to new experiences, embrace cultural differences, and remain resilient in the face of challenges. It’s normal to feel homesick at times, but with time, you’ll adapt and thrive in your new environment.
A. but it also comes with its fair share of hardships
B. and yet you should ensure the insurance coverage
C. Many universities offer affordable student health plans
D. One of the first and most crucial steps is to create a budget
E. There are useful apps and tools that can help you stay organized
F. but it’s also an opportunity for personal growth and self-discovery
G. Consider alternative options like shared apartments or home-stays
6
When attending holiday parties, we are eager to help our hosts in the kitchen, with food and drink service, and with post-party cleanup, which sometimes causes more trouble and stress for a host. 26 Here’s what professional event planners recommend.
Be sure to respond in a timely manner. 27 If the invitation asks you to respond, do so well before the host has to reach out to confirm your attendance. Hosts who don’t want their guests to help out during the party can hint that all has been taken care of right on the invitation.
28 Asking a host if you can assist on the event date can be overwhelming, but extending that offer while the host is still planning the party and putting the details together may prove more useful. If you are someone who loves to help, contact the host in advance and offer your assistance. 29
Don’t show up early. Respect the event’s start time and arrive on time or 5 minutes later than the time on the invitation. If the invitation says 7:15 pm, guests should arrive between 7:15 and 7:20.
When the party is over, don’t stay. At the end of the evening, you can make one last offer to help the host tidy up the space. But if they refuse, don’t insist. 30 So it’s the guest’s responsibility to leave at an appropriate hour.
A. Consider offering help to the host ahead of time.
B. So what can you do to really help holiday hosts
C. Contact the host to know the details about the party.
D. Many hosts are too polite to tell people it’s time to go.
E. Being a good guest begins long before the party begins.
F. This way, the host can know an extra pair of hands is available as needed.
G. The invitation phase serves as a prime opportunity to clarify the event’s tone.
7
When I was a kid, I took traveling with my parents for granted. Sure, they paid for everything. But they were basically no different from teachers taking us to a field trip. 31 . For example, they took us to Denali National Park instead of Disney World. And we sometimes stayed at hotels without pools. And they never let us buy anything from the SkyMall catalog (目录).
Of course, some 20 years later, I consider traveling with my parents, now both in their 60s,to be the utmost privilege. 32 . Neither am I, and every day that passes brings us closer to our last. Fortunately, since graduating college, I’ve been able to cover some serious ground with each of them.
Together my dad and I have looked for the Loch Ness monster in Scotland, photographed wildlife in Grand Teton National Park, and most recently, survived the famously dangerous Drake Passage. Meanwhile, my mom and I have stayed at a $9/night treehouse hostel in Mexico, eaten at a Michelin-starred vegetarian restaurant in Vienna, and most recently, road-tripped through three states.
33 . After all, even if you’re the apple that fell right under the tree, traveling with the people who raised you isn’t always easy. “ 34 ,” says Alexis Sherry, a New Jersey-based travel agent. Still, Sherry is seeing an increasing number of clients requesting vacations for more than one generation. They can be difficult to plan, but so far she says she’s had no “disasters,” and often, her clients come back closer than ever.
“Our parents are our earliest attachment bonds,” says Katie d’ Autremont, a licensed professional adviser based in Bozeman, Montana. “It can be healing and fun to rekindle that bond in our adult years and as our adult selves.” She sees traveling together as the perfect opportunity for getting to know each other for who we are now, with “now” being the key word. 35 .
A. Those memories are golden
B. I know they’re no longer unbeatable
C. After all, as humans, we’re always evolving
D. That’s not to say that all of our trips have been without flaws
E. To my brothers and me, they seemed to be bent on limiting our fun
F. Planning a vacation can be considerably tricky when it involves demanding parents
G. There are always challenges as we are dealing with different physical abilities and interests
8
Physical exercise can play an important role in mental well-being and can even relieve symptoms of mental health conditions like depression and anxiety. While the physical health benefits of exercise are frequently discussed, the link between exercise and mental health is often overlooked. 36
Physical activity distracts you from negative thoughts and emotions. 37 Exercise can also be used to enhance well-being in people who already feel mentally healthy. Increased physical activity has also been found to promote quality sleep.
38 Exercise can help you lose weight and maintain a healthy state. You may feel a significant boost in your mood as your clothes look more beautiful on you and you seem to look more elegant.
Exercise can be a good source of social support. The benefits of social support are well-documented. 39 So whether you join an exercise class or you play softball in a league, exercising with others can give you a double dose of stress relief.
Have you ever noticed how your body feels when you are under stress Your muscles may be tense, especially in your face, neck and shoulders, leaving you with back or neck pain, or painful headaches. 40 Exercising is an effective way to break this cycle.
If you are just starting out with an exercise program, it’s important to consult with your doctor to determine the best form of exercise for your physical condition.
A. Exercise promotes confidence.
B. Exercise helps reduce health risk.
C. Many physical activities can be social activities as well.
D. Physical exercise is considered to help you make a difference to others.
E. Research shows exercise can improve the symptoms of many existing mental illnesses.
F. Physical activity can take your mind off your problems and get you into a state of peace.
G. The worry and discomfort of all these physical symptoms can in turn lead to even more stress.
9
Having thousands of photographs, songs, and films available at our fingertips would have seemed amazing just a few decades ago. 41 Could the digitalisation of cultural objects put a time limit on our memories
The materials phones and computers are made of can decay (腐烂) over time, impacting the data that they store. 42 Yet when digital data is destroyed, it can quickly make it impossible to even open a file. Also, as formats and devices become out of date, it may become impossible to read files from previous decades.
43 Large companies can still lose data. In 2019, social media platform MySpace admitted losing over 12 years’ worth of users’ music uploads. The widespread use of streaming services for music, TV, and film means people no longer own the content that they watch and listen to. They just pay for the right to access it, which is called licensing. If streaming companies decide to remove content, or go out of business, users will lose access.
Licensing rather than purchasing content is an example of how our behavior towards digital content has changed. Another example is that we take far more pictures than people did in the past. 44 And we must also consider what to keep and what to delete.
So, what can we do Technology writer Jack Schofield said that “data doesn’t exist unless you have at least two copies of it”. 45 Academic Paul Royster suggests that we should all take time to consider what content we personally believe is worth saving. Perhaps the answer is just to avoid digital altogether. Science and Technology writer Chris Baranaiuk calls for a cultural movement towards buying analogue (实体的) copies of cultural content.
A. This adds to the challenge of keeping our data safe.
B. But how long will these files last for and be available
C. Storing information in the cloud can also help preserve it.
D. Images can still be seen in discolored physical photographs.
E. Storing your uploads on a cloud service can present problems as well.
F. However, it’s common presently thanks to technological advancements.
G. So it’s important that we keep backup copies of what is important to us.
10
Wildfires are common nowadays. Lightning, campfires, power lines or other sources may lead to big wildfires. 46 But when they break out on populated places, wildfires can endanger human lives and property.
Still, wildfires have always been a part of some forest ecosystems. 47 For one thing, wildfires can get rid of trespassers(入侵者). The native animals often know how to escape a wildfire. But harmful species may not, so they could get wiped out.
Fires can prevent trees from overcrowding each other, which allows smaller plants and animals that need sunlight to grow below. Plus, wildfires burn up a lot of leaf litter, pine needles and other dead matter on the ground. This clears out junk that may stop new plants from growing and releases nutrition back into the soil. 48
There are also species that have evolved (进化) to depend on regular wildfires. Banksia trees in Australia, for instance, only release their seeds in the heat of a wildfire. 49 And birds such as the black-backed woodpecker prefer to live in recently burned areas, because newly burnt trees may offer easy access to a feast of insects.
50 They set these fires only in areas and under weather conditions where they're sure they can control the flames. Specific burns are meant to provide the benefits of natural, low-intensity fires. So, one important way to protect against fires is professionals setting them.
A. The leaf litter can fuel more dangerous wildfires.
B. These trees need fires if they are to produce more trees.
C. They might cause more fires that could threaten wildlife.
D. As a result, fire experts start fires in certain places regularly.
E. They mainly destroy natural areas, such as forests and grasslands.
F. And regular burns can be vital for keeping those ecosystems healthy.
G. Importantly, it also prevents the buildup of dead matter that catches fire easily.
参考答案
1
1. C 2. G 3. A 4. E 5. F
【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了如何为大学第一天做好准备。
1. 根据上文“College is an exciting milestone for a lot of people.”（对很多人来说，大学是一个激动人心的里程碑）根据下文“Luckily，we've rounded up the most important steps you'll need to take so you'll be ready to take on higher learning! ”（幸运的是，我们已经收集了你需要采取的最重要的步骤，这样你就可以接受更高的教育了!）可知，选项与上文为转折关系，且承接下文说明上大学第一天要做的事情还有很多。故C选项“但是第一天的准备工作还有很多”切题。a lot t呼应steps。故选C项。
2. 根据上文“Choose a path that matches your interests. You’ll be most likely to succeed in college if you choose a major that you really like.”（如果你选择了你真正喜欢的专业，你在大学里最有可能取得成功）可知，选项承接上文对上文进一步解释说明。故G选项“试着进行兴趣评估和技能评估，以便与职业相匹配”切题。故选G项。
3. 根据下文“Sign up for the basics when registration opens. Most colleges have the same entry-level courses for freshmen, regardless of what your major is.”（注册开放时注册基本知识。大多数大学对新生都有相同的入门课程，不管你的专业是什么）本段主要讲要注册课程。故A选项“注册课程”切题，为本段的标题。故选A项。
4. 根据上文“You’ll also have access to on-campus meals if you live in a dorm.”（如果你住在宿舍里，你也可以享用校园餐。）可知，选项与上文为并列关系继续说明住在学校的好处。故E选项“而且你也不需要考虑每天去学校的交通问题。”切题。故选E项。
5. 根据上文“College campuses typically cover a vast area—different departments are often housed in different buildings, not to mention dorms, administration buildings, the bookstore, and the food court.”（大学校园通常占地面积很大，不同的系通常位于不同的建筑中，更不用说宿舍、行政大楼、书店和美食广场了。）可知，所以为了不迷路，要规划路线。故F选项“为了避免迷路，最好提前把每节课的路线弄清楚。”切题。故选F项。
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6. F 7. E 8. A 9. D 10. C
【解析】本文是说明文。主要介绍了当人们对自己当前的生活状态不满意时，如何通过一些技巧来发现和认识真正的自己，这些建议有助于人们在人生旅途中保持坚强，向前迈进，成为他们想要成为的人。
6. 上文“When you are dissatisfied with your current situation, sometimes you doubt yourself. Maybe you reflect on yourself from time to time: What kind of person am I Have I become the person I want to be ”（当你对自己的现状感到不满时，有时你会怀疑自己。也许你会时不时地反思自己：我是一个什么样的人？我成为我想成为的人了吗？）该空是文章主旨句，承上启下，又根据文章后面提到的一些发现和认识真正的自己的技巧，可知F项“这里有一些技巧可以帮助你发现真实的自己”符合。故选F。
7. 根据空前“When you do, you might realize that you aren’t what you want to be in life.”（当你这样做的时候，你可能会意识到你并不是你想成为的人。）及空后“but you shouldn’t stay stuck where you are anyway.”(但无论如何，你不应该被困在原地。)说明当意识到并不是自己想成为的人，结果会很沮丧，但不能被困在原地，空处承上启下，E 项“没有达到你生活中想要的水平可能会令人沮丧”符合。故选E。
8. 该空是段落主旨句。根据空后的内容，尤其是“Go back to the interests and activities you overlooked and reflect on your personal goals and achieve them. Schedule time on your calendar to reacquaint yourself with your passions.”（回到你忽略的兴趣和活动，反思你的个人目标并实现它们。在日历上安排时间，让自己重新熟悉自己的激情。）可知，要重新开始拾起自己的兴趣爱好，实现自己的目标。A项“给自己留点时间”符合。故选A。
9. 根据本段主旨句“Make significant changes.”（做出重大改变。）及空后“One reason why people don’t find their true selves is that they aren’t willing to make changes”(人们找不到真实自我的一个原因是他们不愿意做出改变)说明需要做出改变，才能找到真实的自我，空处承上启下，D项“她建议做些改变去寻找真实的你”符合。故选D。
10. 根据空后“Find a person who is willing to guide and support you as you start to switch things up in your life.”（当你开始改变生活时，找一个愿意指导和支持你的人。）说明想要改变生活，周围指导和支持你的人很重要，可知，C项“你周围是什么样的人决定了你会成为什么样的人”符合。故选C。
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11. D 12. E 13. G 14. F 15. C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了青少年时期是身体、心理和情感发生巨大变化的转变时期，说明了社会情感技能的作用和重要性。
11. 根据上文“The teenage years are a transformative period marked by great physical, psychological, and emotional changes.(青少年时期是身体、心理和情感发生巨大变化的转变时期)”以及后文“They refer to the feelings that arise during interactions with others, such as gratitude, shame, sympathy, guilt, and pride.(它们指的是在与他人互动时产生的感觉，比如感激、羞耻、同情、内疚和骄傲)”可知，本句主要承接上文，继续说明青少年时期的情感变化阶段，故D选项“这个阶段的核心是社会情感的概念”符合语境，故选D。
12. 根据上文“Understanding and managing social emotions can help develop teenagers’ identities. Teenagers experience a wide range of emotions from social interactions, which significantly influences their self-understanding and social awareness. In the process, they learn to understand, and appropriately respond to both their own emotions and those of others.(理解和管理社会情绪可以帮助发展青少年的身份。青少年在社会交往中体验到各种各样的情绪，这对他们的自我理解和社会意识有很大的影响。在这个过程中，他们学会理解并适当地回应自己和他人的情绪)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，承接上文说明理解和回应自己和他人情绪的作用。故E选项“这有助于塑造他们自己的个人原则和信仰”符合语境，故选E。
13. 根据后文“Teenagers with strong social emotional skills are better equipped to handle stress, resist peer pressure, and avoid risky behaviors, reducing the likelihood of developing mental health issues.(拥有强大社交情感技能的青少年能够更好地处理压力，抵抗同辈压力，避免危险行为，减少发展心理健康问题的可能性)”可知，本句总结后文，后文主要说明了社交情感技能会影响青少年心理健康。故G选项“此外，社交情感技能与心理健康密切相关”符合语境，故选G。
14. 根据后文“This environment influences teenagers’ earliest understanding of how to communicate and manage their emotions. They feel safe and supportive to express their emotions freely and learn to manage them without fear of judgment. Schools also play a significant role through social emotional learning programs that teach these skills in a structured munity involvement, extracurricular activities, and peer (同伴) interactions offer additional opportunities for teenagers to practice and refine their social emotional skills.(这种环境影响了青少年对如何沟通和管理情绪的最早理解。他们感到安全和支持自由地表达自己的情绪，并学会管理他们，而不用担心被评判。学校也通过在结构化的环境中教授这些技能的社会情感学习项目发挥了重要作用。社区参与、课外活动和同伴互动为青少年练习和完善他们的社交情感技能提供了额外的机会)”可知，后文列举了学校、社区参与、课外活动和同伴互动对培养情感技能的作用，可知本句也是在说明会影响青少年情绪技能的环境。故F选项“家庭在培养和培养这些技能方面起着至关重要的作用”符合语境，故选F。
15. 根据后文“It contributes to a teenager’s ability to manage their own emotions, understand others’ emotions, and face social complexities. This learning is a cornerstone for shaping their identity, influencing their interpersonal relationships, academic success, mental health, and future life outcomes.(它有助于青少年管理自己的情绪，理解他人的情绪，以及面对社会复杂性的能力。这种学习是塑造他们的身份、影响他们的人际关系、学业成功、心理健康和未来生活成果的基石)”可知，本段总结了情感技能的重要性，C选项中Social emotion learning对应后文It。故C选项“对青少年来说，社会情感学习是必不可少的”符合语境，故选C。
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16. F 17. D 18. G 19. A 20. E
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要描述了如何处理创造性障碍的情况，并给出了具体的建议和方法来克服这种障碍。
16. 根据空后“Different emotions may lead to creative blocks. One is the so-called “inner critic”, a voice we all have within when we are feeling anxious. There’s no room for mistakes when this is in charge, so we end up feeling frozen.(不同的情绪可能导致创造性的障碍。一种是所谓的“内心批评”，当我们感到焦虑时，我们都会发出这样的声音。当一切都在掌控之中的时候，就没有犯错的余地了，所以我们最终会感觉僵住了。)”可知，下文提出了了解创造性障碍的起因。选项F“Such a problem can be solved by understanding the causes of them(这样的问题可以通过了解其原因来解决)”与下文内容一致，指出了解了创造性障碍的原因就可以解决创造性障碍，且Such a problem指代上文提到的问题。故选F。
17. 根据空后内容“As a way of people-pleasing, and avoiding conflict or a negative reaction from other people, it can produce negative self-talk. If we feel insecure, we may not feel safe to express ourselves through art or craft. (作为一种取悦他人、避免冲突或他人消极反应的方式，它会产生消极的自言自语。如果我们感到不安全，我们可能不会觉得通过艺术或工艺来表达自己是安全的。)”可知，下文解释了另一种产生创造性障碍的原因。选项D“Perfectionism maybe another contributor(完美主义可能是另一个因素)”与下文内容一致，指的是完美主义也会让我们产生创造性障碍。故选D。
18. 根据空前“We work with our inner critic by teaching it more compassionate(有同情心的) ways of speaking to us.(我们与内心的批评者一起工作，教它更富有同情心的方式与我们说话。)”可知，空前建议我们与内心的批评者一起工作；而空后的“The best way to do this is to imagine whether you would say the same things you say about yourself to a love done.(做到这一点的最好方法是想象一下，你是否会对自己所爱的人说同样的话。)”可推测，空处指的是如何和内心的批评者相处。选项G“We must identify its comments as something separate from ourselves(我们必须把它的评论看作与我们自己无关的东西)”与上下文内容一致，建议我们将它的评论视为与我们自身分离的东西。故选G。
19. 空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文“We can try other creative and mindful activities to help reduce anxiety, and boost yourself-esteem(自尊). It could be singing along to your favourite music, doing some weeding, going out for a walk in nature, taking photographs on a lunchtime stroll, or having interesting conversations with friends. Then you’ll feel ready to get your creativity on the go again.(我们可以尝试其他创造性和正念的活动来帮助减少焦虑，提高你的自尊。它可以是跟着你最喜欢的音乐唱歌，做一些除草，到大自然中散步，在午餐时间散步时拍照，或者和朋友进行有趣的交谈。然后你会觉得自己又准备好让自己的创造力发挥起来了。)”可知，本段提供了一个解决创造性阻塞和焦虑的具体方法，即通过参与其他有创造性和专注性的活动激发创造力。选项A“Filling your creativity cup(装满你的创造力杯)”指的正是通过参与其他有创造性和专注性的活动来填充创造力的杯子，与本段内容相符。故选A。
20. 根据上文内容“Next time you’re feeling a creative block, remind yourself that it’s OK to just get something written, or painted, or crafted and that you don’t need to share it with anyone. It’s all about making a start.(下次当你觉得创意受阻时，提醒自己写点东西、画点东西、做点东西也没关系，你不需要和任何人分享。一切都是为了开始。)”可知，当我们创意受阻时，我们可以做点事情，都是为了开始。选项E“Creativity is like a muscle and gets easier once you get doing(创造力就像肌肉，一旦你开始行动，它就会变得更容易)” 描述了创造力的性质，即一旦开始，它会变得更加容易，这与“开始”的概念直接相关，强调了行动的重要性。故选E。
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21. A 22. D 23. G 24. E 25. F
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在美国旅行的小贴士。
21. 上文提到“Studying abroad as an international student is an exciting and life-changing experience(作为一个国际学生在国外学习是一种令人兴奋且改变人生的经历)”，下文提到“Here is a list of practical tips that can help you navigate this new chapter successfully.(以下是一些实用的建议，可以帮助你成功地度过这个新的阶段。)”，因此中间需要插入一个转折句来引出下文的具体建议。A项：but it also comes with its fair share of hardships(但它也有其公平份额的困难)符合语境。故选A。
22. 根据下文“Understand your sources of income, including scholarships, part-time jobs, or financial support from family. Then, make a complete list of anticipated expenses(了解你的收入来源，包括奖学金、兼职工作或家庭的经济支持。然后列出预计的支出清单)”可以推断出这里提到了制定预算的步骤。D项：One of the first and most crucial steps is to create a budget(其中第一步也是最关键的一步是制定预算)符合语境。故选D。
23. 上文提到“University accommodations are often convenient but can be expensive(大学住宿虽然方便但可能很贵)”，下文提到“Both can be more cost-effective and offer a richer cultural experience(两种住宿方式都更经济且能提供丰富的文化体验。)”可知，这里需要找到一个与大学住宿相对比，且价格更合理的住宿方式。G项：Consider alternative options like shared apartments or home-stays(考虑像合租或寄宿家庭这样的替代选择)正好符合这一需求，既与大学住宿形成对比，又提到了更经济的住宿方式，符合语境。故选G。
24. 根据上文“Create a schedule that prioritizes your coursework but also allows for leisure and exploration.(创造一个时间表，优先考虑你的课程，但也允许你有空闲和探索的时间。)”可以推断出这里需要一些工具或应用来帮助你管理时间。E项：There are useful apps and tools that can help you stay organized(有一些有用的应用程序和工具可以帮助你保持有条理)符合语境。故选E。
25. 上文提到“Living independently in a foreign country can be challenging.(在国外独立生活可能具有挑战性。)”，下文提到“Be open to new experiences, embrace cultural differences, and remain resilient in the face of challenges.(要接受新的经历，拥抱文化差异，并在面对挑战时保持坚韧不拔。)”，因此可以推断出此处需要表达尽管独立生活在国外具有挑战性，但也有其积极的一面。F项：but it’s also an opportunity for personal growth and self-discovery(但它也是个人成长和自我发现的机会)符合语境，表示尽管有困难，但也要看到其积极的一面。故选F。
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26. B 27. E 28. A 29. F 30. D
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章就如何成为一个好的假日派对客人提出了一些建议。
26. 由上文“When attending holiday parties, we are eager to help our hosts in the kitchen, with food and drink service, and with post-party cleanup, which sometimes causes more trouble and stress for a host. (在参加节日聚会时，我们都渴望在厨房里帮助主人，提供食物和饮料服务，以及聚会后的清理工作，这有时会给主人带来更多的麻烦和压力。)”可知，本空要说跟“如何正确帮助主人”有关的话题，故B选项“So what can you do to really help holiday hosts (那么，你能做些什么来真正帮助度假主人呢？)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选B。
27. 由上文“Be sure to respond in a timely manner.(一定要及时回复。)”可知，本空要说跟“为什么要及时回复”有关的话题，故E选项“Being a good guest begins long before the party begins. (早在聚会开始之前，就要做好客人了。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选E。
28. 由下文“Asking a host if you can assist on the event date can be overwhelming, but extending that offer while the host is still planning the party and putting the details together may prove more useful. If you are someone who loves to help, contact the host in advance and offer your assistance. (询问主人你是否可以在活动日期上提供帮助可能会让人不知所措，但是在主人还在计划聚会和整理细节的时候提出这个建议可能会更有用。如果你是一个乐于助人的人，提前联系主人并提供帮助。)”可知，本空要说跟“提前联系主人并提供帮助”有关的话题，故A选项“Consider offering help to the host ahead of time. (考虑提前向主人提供帮助。)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选A。
29. 由上文“If you are someone who loves to help, contact the host in advance and offer your assistance. (如果你是一个乐于助人的人，提前联系主人并提供帮助。)”可知，本空要说跟“这样做对于主人的好处”有关的话题，故F选项“This way, the host can know an extra pair of hands is available as needed. (这样，主人就可以根据需要知道额外的帮助是可用的。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。
30. 由上文“When the party is over, don’t stay. At the end of the evening, you can make one last offer to help the host tidy up the space. But if they refuse, don’t insist. (聚会结束后，不要逗留。在晚会结束的时候，你可以最后一次帮助主人整理房间。但如果他们拒绝，不要坚持。)”可知，本空要说跟“什么时候离开”有关的话题，故D选项“Many hosts are too polite to tell people it’s time to go. (许多主人太客气了，不会告诉人们该走了。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。
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31. E 32. B 33. D 34. G 35. C
【解析】本文的体裁是记叙文。作者回忆了和父亲一起在苏格兰寻找尼斯湖水怪，拍摄野生动物，还一起渡过了危险的德雷克海峡；他和母亲一起住在墨西哥的树屋旅馆，品尝维也纳的米其林星级素食餐厅，还一起穿越了三个州。作者认为，即使有时候和父母一起旅行并不容易，但这是一种重新建立联系的好机会。
31. 根据上文“When I was a kid, I took traveling with my parents for granted.（当我还是个孩子的时候，我认为和父母一起旅行是理所当然的。）”以及下文“For example, they took us to Denali National Park instead of Disney World. And we sometimes stayed at hotels without pools. And they never let us buy anything from the SkyMall catalog(目录).（例如，他们带我们去德纳利国家公园而不是迪士尼世界。我们有时住在没有游泳池的酒店。他们从不允许我们从《空中商城目录》上买任何东西。）”可知，父母的一些行为在作者小时候看来是限制了自己的乐趣，与 E 项“To my brothers and me, they seemed to be bent on limiting our fun（对我和我的兄弟们来说，他们似乎一心想要限制我们的乐趣）”表达的意思一致，故选E项。
32. 根据上文“Of course, some 20 years later, I consider traveling with my parents, now both in their 60s,to be the utmost privilege.（当然，大约 20 年后，我认为和现在都 60 多岁的父母一起旅行是最大的荣幸。）”以及下文“Neither am I, and every day that passes brings us closer to our last.（我也不是，每过一天，我们就离最后一天更近一步。）”可知，作者意识到父母不再是不可战胜的，与 B 项“I know they’re no longer unbeatable（我知道他们不再是不可战胜的）”表达的意思一致，故选B项。
33. 根据下文“After all, even if you’re the apple that fell right under the tree, traveling with the people who raised you isn’t always easy.（毕竟，即使你是正好掉在树下的苹果，和养育你的人一起旅行并不总是容易的。）”可知，作者是想说和父母旅行并不都是完美的，与D项“That’s not to say that all of our trips have been without flaws（这并不是说我们所有的旅行都没有缺陷）”表达的意思一致，故选D项。
34. 根据空前一句提到的“traveling with the people who raised you isn't always easy（和养育你的人一起旅行并不总是容易的）”，以及下文提到的“Her clients come back closer than ever（她的客户回来后比以往任何时候都要亲密）”，可知，旅行中虽然有挑战，但也有可能增进关系，G选项“There are always challenges as we are dealing with different physical abilities and interests（我们在应对不同的身体能力和兴趣时总会遇到挑战）”符合语境，既说明了旅行中的挑战，又与后文的积极结果形成对比，故选G项。
35. 根据上文“She sees traveling together as the perfect opportunity for getting to know each other for who we are now, with “now” being the key word.（她认为一起旅行是一个完美的机会，让我们了解彼此现在的样子，“现在”是关键词。）”可知，因为现在是关键，所以作为人类，我们总是在不断发展变化的，与C项“After all, as humans, we’re always evolving（毕竟，作为人类，我们总是在不断进化）”表达的意思一致，故选C项。
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36. E 37. F 38. A 39. C 40. G
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了体育运动对心理健康的重要作用。
36. 根据上文“While the physical health benefits of exercise are frequently discussed, the link between exercise and mental health is often overlooked.(虽然运动对身体健康的好处经常被讨论，但运动和心理健康之间的联系经常被忽视。)”以及文章下文内容可知，本文主要介绍运动对心理健康的益处；E项“Research shows exercise can improve the symptoms of many existing mental illnesses.(研究表明，运动可以改善许多现有心理疾病的症状。)”承接上文，指出运动有益于心理健康，切合题意。故选E。
37. 根据上文“Physical activity distracts you from negative thoughts and emotions.(体育活动可以分散你消极的想法和情绪。)”可知，本段主要介绍运动对情绪的影响，指出体育运动可以把注意力从消极想法和情绪中转移出来。F项“Physical activity can take your mind off your problems and get you into a state of peace.(体育活动可以让你忘却烦恼，进入平静的状态。)”进一步阐述体育活动对改善情绪有益，符合语境。故选F。
38. 设空处为主题句，引领下文；根据下文“Exercise can help you lose weight and maintain a healthy state. You may feel a significant boost in your mood as your clothes look more beautiful on you and you seem to look more elegant.(运动可以帮助你减肥，保持健康的状态。当你穿在身上的衣服看起来更漂亮，你看起来更优雅时，你可能会感到心情大大改善。)”可知，本段主要阐述通过运动进行体重管理让人感觉更好，从而提升心情和自信；A项“Exercise promotes confidence.(运动能增强自信。)”能够概括本段主旨，适合作为主题句。故选A。
39. 根据上文“Exercise can be a good source of social support. The benefits of social support are well-documented. (锻炼可以是社交支持的一个很好的来源。社交支持的好处有据可查。)”可知，本段主要介绍运动有利于社交，是进行社交活动的一个很好的方式；C项“Many physical activities can be social activities as well.(许多体育活动也是社交活动。)”承接上文，且与下文“So whether you join an exercise class or you play softball in a league, exercising with others can give you a double dose of stress relief.(所以，无论你是参加健身班还是参加垒球联赛，和别人一起锻炼都能给你双倍的压力缓解。)”构成因果关系。故选C。
40. 上文“Have you ever noticed how your body feels when you are under stress Your muscles may be tense, especially in your face, neck and shoulders, leaving you with back or neck pain, or painful headaches.(你有没有注意到当你处于压力之下时你的身体是什么感觉？你的肌肉可能会紧张，特别是你的脸、脖子和肩膀，让你背部或颈部疼痛，或头痛。)”指出人处于压力之下会产生不适症状，感到肌肉紧张或一些部位产生疼痛；G项“The worry and discomfort of all these physical symptoms can in turn lead to even more stress.(所有这些身体症状带来的担忧和不适反过来又会导致更多的压力。)”承接上文，指出身体不适反过来又会导致更多的压力，造成一个恶性循环；下文“Exercising is an effective way to break this cycle.(锻炼是打破这种循环的有效方法。)”承接上文，提出运动是打破这一恶性循环的有效方法。由此可知，G项符合语境。故选G。
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41. B 42. D 43. E 44. A 45. G
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍数字化存储的风险以及应对措施。
41. 根据上文“Having thousands of photographs, songs, and films available at our fingertips would have seemed amazing just a few decades ago. (在几十年前，我们指尖上就能看到成千上万的照片、歌曲和电影，这似乎是令人惊叹的。) ”再结合下文“Could the digitalisation of cultural objects put a time limit on our memories (文物的数字化会给我们的记忆设定一个时间限制吗 )”可知说明数字化存储确实很令人惊讶，可是会保存多长时间呢，所以选项B“但是这些文件可以保存多长时间 ” 符合语境。故选B。
42. 根据下文“Yet when digital data is destroyed, it can quickly make it impossible to even open a file. Also, as formats and devices become out of date, it may become impossible to read files from previous decades. (然而，当数字数据被破坏时，它甚至可以很快使文件无法打开。此外，随着格式和设备变得过时，读取前几十年的文件可能变得不可能。)”可知上下文是转折关系，并且都是关于数据保存的。选项D “在褪色的实物照片中仍然可以看到图像。”正好和下文数字数据保存构成转折关系，并且相呼应，故选D。
43. 设空处为本段的主题句。根据下文“Large companies can still lose data. In 2019, social media platform MySpace admitted losing over 12 years’ worth of users’ music uploads. The widespread use of streaming services for music, TV, and film means people no longer own the content that they watch and listen to. They just pay for the right to access it, which is called licensing. If streaming companies decide to remove content, or go out of business, users will lose access. (大公司仍然会丢失数据。2019年，社交媒体平台MySpace承认丢失了超过12年的用户音乐上传。音乐、电视和电影流媒体服务的广泛使用意味着人们不再拥有他们观看和收听的内容。他们只是为访问它的权利付费，这被称为许可。如果流媒体公司决定删除内容，或者停业，用户将无法访问。)”可知整段介绍了人们在网上存储的数据有丢失的风险。所以E选项“将上传的文件存储在云服务上也会出现问题。”符合本段主旨大意。故选E。
44. 根据上文“Licensing rather than purchasing content is an example of how our behavior towards digital content has changed. Another example is that we take far more pictures than people did in the past. (授权而不是购买内容是我们对数字内容的行为发生变化的一个例子。另一个例子是，我们拍的照片比过去的人多得多。)”和下文“And we must also consider what to keep and what to delete. (我们还必须考虑什么要保留，什么要删除。)”。可知本段主要讲照片保存过多也会有风险，所以要适当的保留，A选项“这增加了保证数据安全的挑战。”起到了承上启下的作用，并且紧扣本段主题，故填A。
45. 根据上文“So, what can we do Technology writer Jack Schofield said that “data doesn’t exist unless you have at least two copies of it”. (那么，我们能做什么呢 科技作家杰克·斯科菲尔德说：“数据不存在，除非你至少有两个副本。”)”。可知下文应该介绍我们为了让数据安全，应如何保存数据，G选项“所以我们保留对我们重要的东西的备份是很重要的。”符合题意，并且紧密承接上文，故选G。
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46. E 47. F 48. G 49. B 50. D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了野火的一些益处。
46. 根据上文“Lightning, campfires, power lines or other sources may lead to big wildfires.”（闪电、营火、电线或其他来源都可能导致大规模野火）可知，选项承接上文说明野火的破坏性。故E选项“它们主要破坏自然区域，如森林和草原”切题。故选E项。
47. 根据上文“Still, wildfires have always been a part of some forest ecosystems.”（尽管如此，野火一直是一些森林生态系统的一部分。）可知，选项承接上文说明野火对生态系统是用益处的。故F选项“定期燃烧对保持这些生态系统的健康至关重要。”切题。而下文“For one thing, wildfires can get rid of trespassers（入侵者）”(首先，野火可以赶走入侵者)是对上文的具体说明。故选F项。
48. 根据上文“This clears out junk that may stop new plants from growing and releases nutrition back into the soil.”（这样可以清除可能阻止新植物生长的垃圾，并将营养释放回土壤中。）可知，选项与上文为递进关系说明野火的作用。故G选项“重要的是，它还可以防止容易着火的死物质的堆积。”切题。故选G项。
49. 根据上文“Banksia trees in Australia, for instance, only release their seeds in the heat of a wildfire.”（例如，澳大利亚的Banksia树只有在野火的高温下才会释放它们的种子）可知，选项承接上文继续说明野火与树生长之间的关系。故B选项“如果这些树要长出更多的树，它们就需要火”切题。故选B项。
50. 根据下文“They set these fires only in areas and under weather conditions where they're sure they can control the flames.”（他们只在他们确定可以控制火势的地区和天气条件下放火）可知，空处承接下文说的是消防专家经常在某些地方放火。start fires 呼应set these fires。故D选项“因此，消防专家经常在某些地方纵火”切题。故选D项。(共17张PPT)
七选五之段中句
【考点分析】
考点1 并列关系 表示句子或词语之间具有的一种相互关联,或是同时并举,或是同时进行的关系。这种逻辑关系通常有表示并列或平行的并列连词,常见的主要有:and、also、first、second、third;for one thing、for another thing;some、others、still others,neither...nor...,either...or...,as well as, not only...but also...,but yet, still, while等。注意这些并列连词对分析行文中的逻辑关系非常重要,也有助于破解相关的题目
考点2 转折关系 主要指英语行文中后句对前句构成逆转逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的逆转,则空格处很有可能是个转折逻辑的句子
考点3 因果关系 主要指前后的句子有着原因和结果之间的关系,这种关系往往说明了前因后果或者前果后因等情况
考点4 递进关系 主要指英语行文中后句对前句是一种顺承逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的递进关系,则空格处很有可能是个递进的句子
【真题示例】
【考点1】并列关系
【典例示例】 (2023·全国甲卷·节选)
·Practice gratitude(感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.__37__.“Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.
A.Find your causes
B.Start with small tasks
C.Accept the uncomfortable
D.All this adds up to a state of hurry
E.It can also help us practice more patience
F.This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G.They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience
【解题思维】
·第一步 分析文章结构可知,本题考点为考查段中句。
·第二步 本文主要讲如何成为有耐心的人。根据小标题Practice gratitude可推知,表示
感激也可以培养我们的耐心。空前文提到:感恩有很多好处:研究表明,它让我们更快乐,
有更少压力,更乐观。空处应该进一步说明感激还可以培养耐心。
·第三步 根据考点和段落标题及段落语境可知,感恩也有助于我们有更强的自控力,也
就是能够让我们练习更多的耐心。句中表示并列的连词also和上文构成逻辑上的并列
关系。
试填答案:_______
E
【考点2】转折关系
【典例示例】 (2021·浙江高考·节选)
“I often send postcards to family and friends.” he says to China Daily,“but you can imagine that after a while,you never receive as many as you send,and you realize that not everyone is into it.__32__”Seeking other like-minded souls,however,Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place:online.Many would say the Internet is a place for people who have given up on the traditional postal service, but Paulo’s hunch (直觉)paid off.
A.And that’s totally fine.
B.That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.
C.He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby.
D.Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.
E.On August 5,the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.
F.Similarly,if you speak only Chinese,receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.
G.In short,he loves postcards,and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away.
【解题思维】
·第一步 设空处前一句讲到“过了一段时间你会发现自己收到的明信片没有发出去的
多”。
·第二步 设空处后一句讲到“然而, Paulo没有放弃自己的爱好, 而是采取了网络方式”。
·第三步 根据逻辑判断, 设空处应与其前一句构成转折关系, 意为“那完全不成问题”。
试填答案:_______
A
【考点3】因果关系
【典例示例】 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选)
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. __36__ So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
A.Not all the customers are tourists.
B.The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C.There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E.That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F.Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G.The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
【解题思维】
·第一步 定位前句“My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.”意思是:我和我丈夫刚
在巴黎待了一周,说明了背景。
·第二步 定位后句“So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor
apartment the size of a cupboard.”意思是:所以我们做的第一件事就是租了一个非常昂
贵的公寓,在第六层,只有一个橱柜那么大。
·第三步 根据空后的句子中的So可知, 该句与设空处是因果关系。
试填答案:_______
F
【考点4】递进关系
【典例示例】 (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选)
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list.__39__ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through.In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
A.A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B.Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C.They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D.It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E.It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F.Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G.Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
【解题思维】
·第一步 确定考点:通过对该题上下文语境的分析可知,本题考点为考查递进关系。
·第二步 语境分析:根据空前的You could ask a friend or family member to help add to
your list.的意思可知,你需要你的亲朋好友来帮你增加这篇写作的内容。空后的意思是:
通过那种方式,关于让你变得特别的东西和你个人品质的闪光点方面,你们是可以交流
意见的。
·第三步 根据考点和上下文的语境可知,他们可能也想尝试一下这种训练。
试填答案:_______
C
【考场技法】
技法1 根据并列关系确定答案
并列 关系 掌握特点:不管句内还是句间并列,都有相应的并列连词
技巧运用:找准并列连词,分析行文中的逻辑关系
技法2 根据转折关系确定答案
转折 关系 掌握特点:指英语行文中后句对前句构成逆转逻辑关系
技巧运用:空格前后两句话之间如果是逻辑上的逆转,则空格处很有可能是个转折关系的句子
技法3 根据因果关系确定答案
因果 关系 掌握特点:指前后的句子有着原因和结果之间的关系
技巧运用:是说明了前因后果还是前果后因等情况
技法4 根据递进关系确定答案
递进 关系 掌握特点:后面的句子是对前面所述内容的进一步解释说明,即行文中后句对前句是一种顺承逻辑关系
技巧运用:空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的递进关系,则空格处很有可能是个递进的句子
